Census Profile, 2016 Census
Peterborough [Population centre], Ontario and Hesquiat 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Peterborough Ontario [Population centre]			Hesquiat 1, IRI British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Peterborough [Population centre], Ontario Map : Peterborough [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Hesquiat 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	82,094	...	...	5	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	79,863 ^r	...	...	5	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	37,201	...	...	3	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	35,131	...	...	3	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,525.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	53.81	...	...	1.55	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	82,095	38,705	43,390	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	11,935	6,085	5,850	x	x	x
0 to 4 years	4,125	2,105	2,015	x	x	x
5 to 9 years	4,080	2,025	2,055	x	x	x
10 to 14 years	3,735	1,960	1,775	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	51,815	24,930	26,890	x	x	x
15 to 19 years	4,545	2,255	2,285	x	x	x
20 to 24 years	6,220	3,020	3,200	x	x	x
25 to 29 years	5,595	2,750	2,840	x	x	x
30 to 34 years	5,080	2,515	2,565	x	x	x
35 to 39 years	4,490	2,180	2,310	x	x	x
40 to 44 years	4,320	2,160	2,160	x	x	x
45 to 49 years	4,585	2,130	2,455	x	x	x
50 to 54 years	5,550	2,620	2,930	x	x	x
55 to 59 years	5,890	2,700	3,190	x	x	x
60 to 64 years	5,540	2,595	2,945	x	x	x
65 years and over	18,345	7,690	10,650	x	x	x
65 to 69 years	5,300	2,405	2,895	x	x	x
70 to 74 years	3,965	1,740	2,220	x	x	x
75 to 79 years	3,085	1,330	1,755	x	x	x
80 to 84 years	2,675	1,120	1,560	x	x	x
85 years and over	3,315	1,090	2,220	x	x	x
85 to 89 years	2,030	760	1,270	x	x	x
90 to 94 years	990	270	720	x	x	x
95 to 99 years	255	55	200	x	x	x
100 years and over	35	0	30	x	x	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	14.5	15.7	13.5	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	63.1	64.4	62.0	x	x	x
65 years and over	22.3	19.9	24.5	x	x	x
85 years and over	4.0	2.8	5.1	x	x	x
Average age of the population	43.5	41.9	45.0	x	x	x
Median age of the population	43.6	41.2	46.0	x	x	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	35,130	...	...	x	...	...
Single-detached house	20,550	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,520	...	...	x	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,060	...	...	x	...	...
Semi-detached house	765	...	...	x	...	...
Row house	2,805	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,590	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,855	...	...	x	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	x	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	35,130	...	...	x	...	...
1 person	10,995	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	12,905	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	5,100	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	4,075	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	2,055	...	...	x	...	...
Number of persons in private households	79,595	...	...	x	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	x	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	70,160	32,620	37,540	x	x	x
Married or living common law	36,595	18,235	18,360	x	x	x
Married	29,160	14,550	14,610	x	x	x
Living common law	7,430	3,685	3,745	x	x	x
Not married and not living common law	33,565	14,385	19,185	x	x	x
Never married	20,060	10,415	9,640	x	x	x
Separated	2,525	985	1,540	x	x	x
Divorced	5,360	1,910	3,455	x	x	x
Widowed	5,625	1,080	4,545	x	x	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	22,435	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	12,780	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	4,605	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	3,680	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	1,370	...	...	x	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	22,435	...	...	x	...	...
Total couple families	17,875	...	...	x	...	...
Married couples	14,160	...	...	x	...	...
Common-law couples	3,715	...	...	x	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,560	...	...	x	...	...
Female parent	3,715	...	...	x	...	...
Male parent	845	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	17,875	...	...	x	...	...
Couples without children	9,880	...	...	x	...	...
Couples with children	7,990	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	3,380	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	3,335	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	1,280	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,560	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	2,900	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	1,225	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	435	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	18,225	8,015	10,200	x	x	x
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	35,130	...	...	x	...	...
One-census-family households	21,475	...	...	x	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,510	...	...	x	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	11,965	...	...	x	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	475	...	...	x	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,180	...	...	x	...	...
One-person households	10,995	...	...	x	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,185	...	...	x	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	80,300	38,095	42,205	x	x	x
English only	73,790	35,380	38,410	x	x	x
French only	20	10	5	x	x	x
English and French	6,255	2,610	3,645	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	235	95	140	x	x	x
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	80,300	38,095	42,205	x	x	x
English	79,125	37,625	41,495	x	x	x
French	855	345	510	x	x	x
English and French	100	40	60	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	225	85	140	x	x	x
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	905	365	540	x	x	x
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.0	1.3	x	x	x
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	80,300	38,095	42,205	x	x	x
Single responses	79,645	37,785	41,855	x	x	x
Official languages	74,620	35,415	39,205	x	x	x
English	73,720	35,060	38,660	x	x	x
French	900	355	545	x	x	x
Non-official languages	5,025	2,375	2,650	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	40	20	20	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	40	20	20	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	10	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	5	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	5	5	5	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	20	10	10	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	5	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	5	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,985	2,350	2,630	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	160	135	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	25	10	10	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	25	10	15	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	265	145	120	x	x	x
Amharic	10	5	5	x	x	x
Arabic	235	135	105	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	5	5	0	x	x	x
Maltese	15	0	10	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	180	85	95	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	60	30	35	x	x	x
Vietnamese	120	60	65	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	195	75	120	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	35	15	15	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	15	5	10	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	5	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	50	90	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	5	5	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	150	80	70	x	x	x
Kannada	5	5	5	x	x	x
Malayalam	40	20	20	x	x	x
Tamil	65	35	35	x	x	x
Telugu	30	20	15	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	3,175	1,495	1,685	x	x	x
Albanian	70	35	35	x	x	x
Armenian	0	5	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	640	285	355	x	x	x
Baltic languages	25	10	15	x	x	x
Latvian	10	5	10	x	x	x
Lithuanian	15	5	10	x	x	x
Slavic languages	615	280	340	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	5	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	20	5	15	x	x	x
Croatian	20	15	5	x	x	x
Czech	50	25	25	x	x	x
Macedonian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Polish	330	140	190	x	x	x
Russian	85	45	40	x	x	x
Serbian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	15	5	10	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	x	x	x
Ukrainian	55	25	25	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	x	x	x
Welsh	5	0	5	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	895	385	515	x	x	x
Afrikaans	10	5	5	x	x	x
Danish	25	10	15	x	x	x
Dutch	330	135	200	x	x	x
Frisian	10	10	5	x	x	x
German	485	215	270	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	5	5	x	x	x
Norwegian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Swedish	20	10	10	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Yiddish	5	0	5	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	85	45	40	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	775	415	355	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	630	345	280	x	x	x
Bengali	60	35	25	x	x	x
Gujarati	185	105	80	x	x	x
Hindi	90	60	35	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	10	10	10	x	x	x
Marathi	5	0	5	x	x	x
Nepali	10	0	5	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	130	70	60	x	x	x
Sindhi	10	5	5	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	x	x	x
Urdu	115	65	45	x	x	x
Iranian languages	145	70	75	x	x	x
Kurdish	10	5	5	x	x	x
Pashto	25	15	15	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	110	55	55	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	700	325	375	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	255	130	125	x	x	x
Portuguese	85	35	50	x	x	x
Romanian	50	25	25	x	x	x
Spanish	305	135	175	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	25	10	20	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	160	70	90	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	25	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	5	5	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	15	5	10	x	x	x
Swahili	10	5	5	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	15	5	5	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Dinka	5	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	30	20	10	x	x	x
American Sign Language	15	10	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	535	255	280	x	x	x
Chinese languages	510	245	265	x	x	x
Cantonese	160	80	80	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	290	140	150	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	25	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	5	15	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	20	10	15	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	5	x	x	x
Thai	15	0	5	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	5	10	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	5	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	135	55	80	x	x	x
Estonian	15	5	10	x	x	x
Finnish	35	10	25	x	x	x
Hungarian	80	40	45	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	655	310	345	x	x	x
English and French	215	90	130	x	x	x
English and non-official language	410	210	200	x	x	x
French and non-official language	15	5	10	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	x	x	x
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	80,300	38,095	42,200	x	x	x
Single responses	79,235	37,565	41,675	x	x	x
Official languages	77,390	36,665	40,725	x	x	x
English	77,130	36,550	40,575	x	x	x
French	260	115	150	x	x	x
Non-official languages	1,850	900	950	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	5	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,840	895	945	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	80	85	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	10	5	5	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	155	75	75	x	x	x
Amharic	10	5	5	x	x	x
Arabic	145	75	75	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	55	60	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	20	x	x	x
Vietnamese	85	40	45	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	80	35	45	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	15	10	10	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	25	40	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	55	25	30	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	15	10	5	x	x	x
Tamil	30	15	15	x	x	x
Telugu	10	5	5	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	920	450	470	x	x	x
Albanian	25	15	15	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	180	85	90	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	180	85	95	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	10	0	5	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	10	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	130	55	70	x	x	x
Russian	20	15	10	x	x	x
Serbian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	5	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	60	25	35	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	15	5	10	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	45	20	25	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	20	10	10	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	435	225	210	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	350	185	165	x	x	x
Bengali	40	25	20	x	x	x
Gujarati	110	65	45	x	x	x
Hindi	50	20	30	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	5	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	10	0	5	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	40	30	x	x	x
Sindhi	5	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Urdu	55	30	30	x	x	x
Iranian languages	85	40	40	x	x	x
Kurdish	5	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	5	5	5	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	70	35	35	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	205	95	110	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	50	25	30	x	x	x
Portuguese	20	10	15	x	x	x
Romanian	25	15	10	x	x	x
Spanish	105	45	60	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	5	5	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	120	60	60	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	5	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	5	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	5	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	35	25	10	x	x	x
American Sign Language	15	10	5	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	315	155	160	x	x	x
Chinese languages	295	145	145	x	x	x
Cantonese	80	40	45	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	195	100	90	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	15	5	10	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	5	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	25	5	15	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	5	5	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	10	5	10	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	1,065	530	530	x	x	x
English and French	70	40	30	x	x	x
English and non-official language	960	480	480	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	5	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	35	15	20	x	x	x
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	80,300	38,095	42,205	x	x	x
None	76,485	36,335	40,140	x	x	x
English	975	480	490	x	x	x
French	1,030	415	610	x	x	x
Non-official language	1,735	810	925	x	x	x
Aboriginal	60	30	30	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	1,675	780	895	x	x	x
English and French	10	5	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	30	20	5	x	x	x
French and non-official language	45	25	15	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	67,705	31,755	35,945	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,355	30,590	34,760	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,108	34,466	26,886	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,370	30,600	34,775	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,754	31,360	25,241	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,140	27,055	30,085	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,485	32,866	23,006	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	51,360	22,680	28,680	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,560	6,563	8,081	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,920	22,480	22,440	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,177	29,440	25,376	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	67,835	31,880	35,960	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,525	30,720	34,805	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,691	45,872	34,235	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,550	30,720	34,825	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,952	38,580	29,869	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,145	27,225	29,920	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,855	45,201	31,172	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,400	22,735	28,670	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,513	7,862	9,030	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,050	22,570	22,480	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,799	41,537	32,043	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	67,835	31,880	35,960	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	19,495	10,340	9,160	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,298	53,340	45,387	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,892	63,505	51,557	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.1	87.0	78.8	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.8	66.5	60.8	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.9	13.0	21.2	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	67,705	31,755	35,945	x	x	x
Without total income	2,350	1,160	1,185	x	x	x
With total income	65,355	30,595	34,760	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.3	96.7	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,810	4,090	4,720	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	13,310	5,340	7,975	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	10,450	4,170	6,280	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,355	3,735	4,620	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,415	3,070	3,345	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,840	2,505	2,335	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,555	1,945	1,615	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,480	1,395	1,090	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,895	1,120	775	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,705	915	790	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	3,525	2,310	1,215	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	2,555	1,595	965	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	970	720	250	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	67,700	31,755	35,945	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	2,330	1,160	1,175	x	x	x
With after-tax income	65,370	30,595	34,775	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.3	96.7	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,095	4,145	4,950	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	13,810	5,555	8,255	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	12,210	4,970	7,235	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	9,405	4,370	5,035	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,035	3,520	3,510	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,690	2,505	2,190	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,090	1,825	1,265	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,355	1,315	1,040	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	3,680	2,385	1,295	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,430	815	615	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	725	470	260	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,530	1,105	425	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	67,700	31,760	35,945	x	x	x
Without employment income	22,780	9,275	13,500	x	x	x
With employment income	44,920	22,480	22,445	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	66.4	70.8	62.4	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,965	4,320	3,645	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,080	1,780	2,300	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	6,535	2,915	3,620	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	5,290	2,365	2,925	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	4,930	2,255	2,670	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	3,710	1,770	1,940	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,025	1,550	1,475	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,275	1,250	1,025	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,665	910	755	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	5,445	3,365	2,080	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,435	845	590	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,475	745	730	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	2,530	1,775	755	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	35,135	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	58,381	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,448	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,990	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,696	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,444	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	24,140	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,934	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,106	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	35,180	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,930	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,261	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,035	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,228	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,606	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	24,140	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,334	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,358	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	35,130	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	465	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	490	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,375	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,800	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,020	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,775	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,820	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,820	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,820	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,610	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,030	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,685	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,380	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,990	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,715	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,345	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,075	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,990	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,950	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,330	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	35,130	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	490	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	490	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,390	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,875	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,260	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,985	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,080	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,075	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,030	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,955	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,435	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,005	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,455	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,075	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,590	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,955	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,780	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,455	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,725	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	22,390	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,160	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,741	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,325	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,431	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,923	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,110	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,149	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,583	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,290	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,402	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,424	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	22,435	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,835	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,354	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,275	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,845	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,836	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,230	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,249	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,798	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,220	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,854	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,907	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,455	7,290	9,165	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,181	24,443	25,646	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,968	23,111	24,410	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	16,320	7,405	8,910	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,508	34,811	34,255	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,040	29,782	30,255	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	79,595	37,815	41,785	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	45,495	21,045	24,450	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	10,905	5,250	5,655	x	x	x
In the second decile	9,835	4,205	5,635	x	x	x
In the third decile	8,550	3,915	4,635	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	8,260	3,910	4,350	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	7,945	3,770	4,175	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	34,100	16,770	17,330	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	7,615	3,645	3,970	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	7,545	3,680	3,860	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	6,955	3,430	3,520	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	6,815	3,395	3,420	x	x	x
In the top decile	5,175	2,610	2,560	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	79,595	37,810	41,785	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	14,295	7,270	7,030	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	4,905	2,515	2,390	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	48,895	23,385	25,510	x	x	x
65 years and over	16,405	7,155	9,250	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,725	6,595	8,130	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	3,390	1,735	1,655	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	1,335	690	650	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	9,375	4,270	5,105	x	x	x
65 years and over	1,960	590	1,370	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.5	17.4	19.5	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	23.7	23.9	23.5	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	27.2	27.4	27.2	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	19.2	18.3	20.0	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	11.9	8.2	14.8	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,715	4,305	4,410	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	1,590	830	760	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	655	340	320	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	6,790	3,355	3,435	x	x	x
65 years and over	335	115	220	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.9	11.4	10.6	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	11.1	11.4	10.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	13.4	13.5	13.4	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9	14.3	13.5	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.6	2.4	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	79,720	37,925	41,795	x	x	x
Official languages	79,460	37,805	41,655	x	x	x
English	79,450	37,795	41,650	x	x	x
French	6,345	2,720	3,615	x	x	x
Non-official languages	6,830	3,175	3,650	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	110	60	45	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	100	50	45	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	95	55	40	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	95	50	40	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	10	10	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,720	3,115	3,605	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	455	275	180	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	15	10	10	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	440	270	170	x	x	x
Amharic	20	15	10	x	x	x
Arabic	345	205	140	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	40	25	15	x	x	x
Maltese	35	30	10	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	220	100	120	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	80	40	35	x	x	x
Vietnamese	145	60	80	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	280	115	170	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	35	10	20	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	10	0	15	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	10	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	255	95	165	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	200	115	90	x	x	x
Kannada	10	10	10	x	x	x
Malayalam	55	15	35	x	x	x
Tamil	115	75	45	x	x	x
Telugu	45	30	15	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	4,245	1,905	2,335	x	x	x
Albanian	80	45	35	x	x	x
Armenian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	770	315	455	x	x	x
Baltic languages	30	0	30	x	x	x
Latvian	20	0	20	x	x	x
Lithuanian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Slavic languages	740	310	425	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	30	10	20	x	x	x
Croatian	40	10	25	x	x	x
Czech	55	10	40	x	x	x
Macedonian	25	15	0	x	x	x
Polish	350	145	205	x	x	x
Russian	150	75	80	x	x	x
Serbian	35	15	25	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Slovak	20	10	10	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	x	x	x
Ukrainian	70	30	40	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	15	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	10	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	10	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	x	x	x
Germanic languages	1,155	525	625	x	x	x
Afrikaans	35	10	25	x	x	x
Danish	30	15	20	x	x	x
Dutch	375	135	235	x	x	x
Frisian	10	0	0	x	x	x
German	710	370	340	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Swedish	25	10	15	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	80	40	35	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	890	455	435	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	825	425	395	x	x	x
Bengali	125	70	60	x	x	x
Gujarati	255	140	120	x	x	x
Hindi	380	205	180	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	10	10	0	x	x	x
Marathi	10	10	0	x	x	x
Nepali	45	15	30	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	70	60	x	x	x
Sindhi	10	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Urdu	170	90	80	x	x	x
Iranian languages	75	30	45	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	10	10	10	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	70	25	40	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	1,405	615	795	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	365	180	185	x	x	x
Portuguese	145	65	75	x	x	x
Romanian	35	15	20	x	x	x
Spanish	920	400	520	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	x	x	x
Japanese	90	60	40	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	160	60	95	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	145	65	85	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	10	0	10	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	10	10	10	x	x	x
Swahili	55	30	20	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	45	20	25	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	0	30	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Dinka	20	0	10	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	250	105	140	x	x	x
American Sign Language	170	65	105	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	55	40	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	675	330	345	x	x	x
Chinese languages	655	325	330	x	x	x
Cantonese	255	135	115	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	380	180	200	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	10	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	20	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	10	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	20	40	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	15	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	20	0	15	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	15	0	10	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	25	10	15	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	20	10	15	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	170	65	100	x	x	x
Estonian	15	0	10	x	x	x
Finnish	45	15	30	x	x	x
Hungarian	110	50	60	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	79,720	37,925	41,795	x	x	x
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	77,720	36,920	40,800	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,130	7,135	6,990	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	63,590	29,780	33,810	x	x	x
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,000	1,010	990	x	x	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	79,725	37,925	41,790	x	x	x
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	71,855	34,280	37,570	x	x	x
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,175	3,265	3,910	x	x	x
Before 1981	3,715	1,670	2,045	x	x	x
1981 to 1990	770	355	410	x	x	x
1991 to 2000	865	370	495	x	x	x
2001 to 2010	1,175	560	625	x	x	x
2001 to 2005	625	305	320	x	x	x
2006 to 2010	555	255	300	x	x	x
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	650	315	340	x	x	x
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	690	380	315	x	x	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,175	3,265	3,910	x	x	x
Under 5 years	1,065	535	525	x	x	x
5 to 14 years	1,440	650	790	x	x	x
15 to 24 years	1,770	780	995	x	x	x
25 to 44 years	2,535	1,145	1,390	x	x	x
45 years and over	375	160	205	x	x	x
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,175	3,265	3,915	x	x	x
Americas	1,085	450	630	x	x	x
Brazil	25	10	15	x	x	x
Colombia	0	10	0	x	x	x
El Salvador	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guyana	75	25	50	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	80	35	45	x	x	x
Mexico	60	30	35	x	x	x
Peru	10	0	10	x	x	x
Trinidad and Tobago	35	10	20	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	615	250	360	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	180	90	95	x	x	x
Europe	3,765	1,740	2,020	x	x	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	10	10	x	x	x
Croatia	25	15	15	x	x	x
France	35	20	15	x	x	x
Germany	360	160	200	x	x	x
Greece	20	0	15	x	x	x
Hungary	90	40	50	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	70	35	35	x	x	x
Italy	145	70	75	x	x	x
Netherlands	305	140	170	x	x	x
Poland	200	75	125	x	x	x
Portugal	40	15	25	x	x	x
Romania	45	15	25	x	x	x
Russian Federation	35	15	20	x	x	x
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	35	10	30	x	x	x
Ukraine	40	20	15	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,925	935	990	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	380	170	210	x	x	x
Africa	335	190	145	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	70	45	20	x	x	x
Ethiopia	10	10	0	x	x	x
Kenya	20	0	20	x	x	x
Morocco	10	10	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	10	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	25	20	10	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	40	20	15	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	160	85	75	x	x	x
Asia	1,935	845	1,090	x	x	x
Afghanistan	30	10	25	x	x	x
Bangladesh	60	40	20	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	360	115	240	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	55	30	30	x	x	x
India	360	175	185	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	0	10	x	x	x
Iraq	30	20	10	x	x	x
Japan	20	10	15	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	110	50	65	x	x	x
Lebanon	65	30	30	x	x	x
Pakistan	105	50	55	x	x	x
Philippines	265	110	150	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	45	20	25	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	90	40	50	x	x	x
Taiwan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Viet Nam	100	40	60	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	210	95	115	x	x	x
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	60	40	20	x	x	x
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	655	315	340	x	x	x
Americas	75	40	40	x	x	x
Brazil	10	0	10	x	x	x
Colombia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuba	10	0	10	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexico	0	0	0	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	15	15	x	x	x
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	0	x	x	x
Europe	80	40	40	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germany	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	x	x	x
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romania	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian Federation	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ukraine	10	0	0	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	10	15	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	20	x	x	x
Africa	30	15	10	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	x	x	x
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	10	10	0	x	x	x
Eritrea	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	10	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tunisia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	x	x	x
Asia	460	215	245	x	x	x
Afghanistan	15	0	10	x	x	x
Bangladesh	15	10	10	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	65	35	35	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	x	x	x
India	85	45	40	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Iraq	10	10	0	x	x	x
Israel	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	10	25	x	x	x
Lebanon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepal	10	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	10	10	10	x	x	x
Philippines	80	40	40	x	x	x
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	15	10	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	85	40	50	x	x	x
Taiwan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkey	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Arab Emirates	15	10	10	x	x	x
Viet Nam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	x	x	x
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Australia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	79,720	37,930	41,795	x	x	x
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,195	3,800	4,400	x	x	x
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	11,675	5,480	6,190	x	x	x
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	59,855	28,650	31,205	x	x	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,570	1,650	1,915	x	x	x
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,705	945	765	x	x	x
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	660	460	200	x	x	x
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,045	485	560	x	x	x
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,245	430	815	x	x	x
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	595	260	330	x	x	x
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	15	10	x	x	x
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	79,720	37,930	41,795	x	x	x
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,250	1,520	1,735	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,165	1,475	1,690	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,090	975	1,115	x	x	x
Métis	1,035	495	540	x	x	x
Inuk (Inuit)	35	0	30	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	20	10	x	x	x
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	65	30	40	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal identity	76,465	36,405	40,060	x	x	x
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	79,720	37,925	41,795	x	x	x
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,180	580	600	x	x	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	78,545	37,350	41,195	x	x	x
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	79,720	37,925	41,790	x	x	x
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	575	275	300	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	570	270	305	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	450	220	230	x	x	x
Métis single ancestry	120	55	65	x	x	x
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,110	1,935	2,175	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,990	1,900	2,090	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,045	1,475	1,570	x	x	x
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	920	425	500	x	x	x
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	25	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	120	35	80	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	35	85	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	75,035	35,715	39,320	x	x	x
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	79,720	37,925	41,795	x	x	x
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,810	2,360	2,455	x	x	x
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,315	695	620	x	x	x
Chinese	820	395	425	x	x	x
Black	790	390	410	x	x	x
Filipino	375	175	200	x	x	x
Latin American	210	90	125	x	x	x
Arab	285	175	110	x	x	x
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	280	130	155	x	x	x
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	60	30	35	x	x	x
Korean	165	60	105	x	x	x
Japanese	175	85	85	x	x	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	175	70	110	x	x	x
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	150	70	80	x	x	x
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	74,905	35,570	39,340	x	x	x
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	79,720	37,930	41,795	x	x	x
North American Aboriginal origins	4,685	2,210	2,475	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,620	1,740	1,880	x	x	x
Inuit	25	0	30	x	x	x
Métis	1,165	515	645	x	x	x
Other North American origins	28,705	13,565	15,150	x	x	x
Acadian	145	75	65	x	x	x
American	895	375	515	x	x	x
Canadian	27,980	13,235	14,745	x	x	x
New Brunswicker	10	10	10	x	x	x
Newfoundlander	135	60	70	x	x	x
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ontarian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Québécois	20	10	15	x	x	x
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	10	x	x	x
European origins	62,340	29,565	32,770	x	x	x
British Isles origins	52,300	24,800	27,500	x	x	x
Channel Islander	0	10	0	x	x	x
Cornish	15	0	10	x	x	x
English	31,340	14,685	16,660	x	x	x
Irish	25,825	11,815	14,005	x	x	x
Manx	15	15	0	x	x	x
Scottish	21,180	10,040	11,135	x	x	x
Welsh	2,160	1,015	1,145	x	x	x
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,785	1,230	1,555	x	x	x
French origins	10,070	4,715	5,355	x	x	x
Alsatian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Breton	0	0	0	x	x	x
Corsican	25	15	10	x	x	x
French	10,040	4,695	5,345	x	x	x
Western European origins (except French origins)	12,965	6,085	6,885	x	x	x
Austrian	470	220	245	x	x	x
Bavarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belgian	305	175	125	x	x	x
Dutch	4,565	2,105	2,455	x	x	x
Flemish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	20	10	10	x	x	x
German	8,340	3,945	4,390	x	x	x
Luxembourger	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swiss	280	130	155	x	x	x
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,935	880	1,055	x	x	x
Danish	470	210	260	x	x	x
Finnish	430	205	230	x	x	x
Icelandic	75	20	55	x	x	x
Norwegian	415	170	245	x	x	x
Swedish	500	245	260	x	x	x
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	140	70	70	x	x	x
Eastern European origins	5,270	2,525	2,745	x	x	x
Bulgarian	75	35	40	x	x	x
Byelorussian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Czech	270	125	140	x	x	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	50	15	35	x	x	x
Estonian	60	30	30	x	x	x
Hungarian	660	330	330	x	x	x
Latvian	100	35	65	x	x	x
Lithuanian	115	40	70	x	x	x
Moldovan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	2,185	1,010	1,170	x	x	x
Romanian	205	85	120	x	x	x
Russian	610	290	320	x	x	x
Slovak	80	35	45	x	x	x
Ukrainian	1,560	815	740	x	x	x
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	15	10	x	x	x
Southern European origins	5,385	2,555	2,830	x	x	x
Albanian	95	60	40	x	x	x
Bosnian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	145	65	80	x	x	x
Cypriot	30	20	10	x	x	x
Greek	390	195	190	x	x	x
Italian	3,340	1,585	1,760	x	x	x
Kosovar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	90	50	40	x	x	x
Maltese	190	95	100	x	x	x
Montenegrin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	515	255	255	x	x	x
Serbian	135	45	85	x	x	x
Sicilian	25	0	20	x	x	x
Slovenian	80	45	40	x	x	x
Spanish	505	235	270	x	x	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	75	30	45	x	x	x
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	10	x	x	x
Other European origins	380	210	170	x	x	x
Basque	10	10	0	x	x	x
Jewish	185	105	85	x	x	x
Roma (Gypsy)	15	10	0	x	x	x
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	165	80	80	x	x	x
Caribbean origins	645	295	355	x	x	x
Antiguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bahamian	20	15	0	x	x	x
Barbadian	50	25	25	x	x	x
Bermudan	20	15	10	x	x	x
Carib	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuban	20	10	15	x	x	x
Dominican	15	10	10	x	x	x
Grenadian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaican	320	120	205	x	x	x
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Martinican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montserratan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Puerto Rican	15	10	10	x	x	x
St. Lucian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	95	50	45	x	x	x
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	10	0	x	x	x
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	50	35	15	x	x	x
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	10	10	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins	455	210	240	x	x	x
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	x	x	x
Arawak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Argentinian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Belizean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bolivian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Brazilian	65	30	30	x	x	x
Chilean	25	15	10	x	x	x
Colombian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Costa Rican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ecuadorian	15	0	15	x	x	x
Guatemalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guyanese	135	65	70	x	x	x
Hispanic	10	15	0	x	x	x
Honduran	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maya	25	15	10	x	x	x
Mexican	160	80	80	x	x	x
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Panamanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Paraguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Peruvian	15	0	20	x	x	x
Salvadorean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uruguayan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Venezuelan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	x	x	x
African origins	850	440	415	x	x	x
Central and West African origins	180	75	105	x	x	x
Akan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Angolan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ashanti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beninese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burkinabe	10	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroonian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Chadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congolese	35	15	20	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gabonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ghanaian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Guinean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ibo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ivorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Liberian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Malinké	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigerian	80	35	45	x	x	x
Peulh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Senegalese	0	10	0	x	x	x
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Togolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	20	10	10	x	x	x
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	0	20	x	x	x
North African origins	185	110	80	x	x	x
Algerian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber	0	0	0	x	x	x
Coptic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egyptian	105	70	30	x	x	x
Libyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maure	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moroccan	30	15	15	x	x	x
Sudanese	45	15	30	x	x	x
Tunisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins	265	140	125	x	x	x
Afrikaner	10	0	0	x	x	x
Amhara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burundian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Djiboutian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopian	50	25	25	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenyan	20	0	10	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	10	0	x	x	x
Mauritian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rwandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Seychellois	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	25	25	10	x	x	x
South African	135	60	70	x	x	x
Tanzanian	15	10	0	x	x	x
Tigrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ugandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zulu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Other African origins	230	120	110	x	x	x
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	15	15	x	x	x
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	205	105	95	x	x	x
Asian origins	4,090	1,995	2,095	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	600	340	260	x	x	x
Afghan	45	10	30	x	x	x
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	10	10	x	x	x
Armenian	15	0	15	x	x	x
Assyrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hazara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian	50	25	30	x	x	x
Iraqi	10	0	10	x	x	x
Israeli	20	20	0	x	x	x
Jordanian	20	10	15	x	x	x
Kazakh	10	0	0	x	x	x
Kurd	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanese	225	140	85	x	x	x
Palestinian	35	30	10	x	x	x
Pashtun	0	0	0	x	x	x
Saudi Arabian	20	20	0	x	x	x
Syrian	125	50	70	x	x	x
Tajik	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tatar	10	0	0	x	x	x
Turk	120	55	60	x	x	x
Turkmen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uighur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yemeni	10	0	0	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins	1,395	720	675	x	x	x
Bangladeshi	60	35	30	x	x	x
Bengali	30	15	10	x	x	x
Bhutanese	10	0	0	x	x	x
East Indian	1,095	580	520	x	x	x
Goan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	25	10	20	x	x	x
Pakistani	115	65	50	x	x	x
Punjabi	20	15	0	x	x	x
Sinhalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lankan	45	15	30	x	x	x
Tamil	20	10	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	10	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,120	945	1,175	x	x	x
Burmese	10	0	0	x	x	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	95	40	55	x	x	x
Chinese	1,050	480	570	x	x	x
Filipino	415	190	230	x	x	x
Hmong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indonesian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Japanese	175	80	90	x	x	x
Karen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	180	60	115	x	x	x
Laotian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Malaysian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Mongolian	30	10	25	x	x	x
Singaporean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwanese	10	0	10	x	x	x
Thai	20	15	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	30	10	25	x	x	x
Vietnamese	150	65	90	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins	35	20	15	x	x	x
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	20	15	x	x	x
Oceania origins	240	110	130	x	x	x
Australian	165	85	80	x	x	x
New Zealander	90	40	50	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hawaiian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maori	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Samoan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	35,180	...	...	x	...	...
Owner	22,030	...	...	x	...	...
Renter	13,145	...	...	x	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	35,180	...	...	x	...	...
Condominium	2,005	...	...	x	...	...
Not condominium	33,175	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	35,180	...	...	x	...	...
No bedrooms	150	...	...	x	...	...
1 bedroom	4,750	...	...	x	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,095	...	...	x	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,255	...	...	x	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,930	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	35,180	...	...	x	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,565	...	...	x	...	...
5 rooms	5,140	...	...	x	...	...
6 rooms	5,305	...	...	x	...	...
7 rooms	5,185	...	...	x	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,980	...	...	x	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	35,175	...	...	x	...	...
One person or fewer per room	35,015	...	...	x	...	...
More than 1 person per room	170	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	35,175	...	...	x	...	...
Suitable	34,175	...	...	x	...	...
Not suitable	1,005	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	35,180	...	...	x	...	...
1960 or before	13,190	...	...	x	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,765	...	...	x	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,225	...	...	x	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,190	...	...	x	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,595	...	...	x	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,865	...	...	x	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,355	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	35,175	...	...	x	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	32,935	...	...	x	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,245	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	35,175	...	...	x	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,160	...	...	x	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,055	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	970	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	35,180	...	...	x	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,795	...	...	x	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,980	...	...	x	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,805	...	...	x	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,900	...	...	x	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,715	...	...	x	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,735	...	...	x	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,630	...	...	x	...	...
85 years and over	1,630	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	35,115	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,465	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,650	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,590	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,025	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.8	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.5	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,113	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,183	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	275,596	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	301,074	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,145	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.3	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	53.6	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	949	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	956	...	...	x	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	67,835	31,880	35,960	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,440	5,675	5,765	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,005	9,825	10,185	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,390	16,385	20,010	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,350	2,955	1,400	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,095	1,195	900	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,260	1,760	495	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,605	6,900	10,700	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	910	410	505	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,525	6,120	7,405	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	9,265	3,905	5,360	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	910	385	520	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	340	215	120	x	x	x
Master's degree	2,495	1,305	1,190	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	515	310	205	x	x	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	40,820	19,570	21,250	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,180	2,505	1,675	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,735	5,735	5,000	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,900	11,325	14,575	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,575	1,750	830	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,290	755	535	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,285	995	295	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,750	5,040	7,715	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	475	215	260	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,095	4,320	5,780	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	6,955	2,825	4,130	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	650	250	395	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	235	130	105	x	x	x
Master's degree	1,875	915	960	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	385	200	185	x	x	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	67,835	31,880	35,960	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	31,440	15,495	15,945	x	x	x
Education	2,600	745	1,855	x	x	x
13. Education	2,605	750	1,850	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,185	580	605	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	205	30	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	945	370	575	x	x	x
Humanities	2,175	980	1,200	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	140	35	105	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	635	195	435	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	325	135	190	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	180	135	50	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	375	235	140	x	x	x
54. History	425	225	205	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	80	20	65	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,450	1,415	3,035	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	190	60	130	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	305	135	170	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	865	85	785	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	570	140	430	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	185	55	130	x	x	x
42. Psychology	785	195	585	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	1,555	750	805	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	6,340	2,275	4,065	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	935	200	735	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,395	2,070	3,325	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,550	765	785	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	910	390	520	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	220	115	105	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	340	240	105	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	25	50	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,115	680	430	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	790	530	260	x	x	x
25. Library science	115	10	100	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	190	130	60	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	15	10	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,265	5,870	395	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	190	125	60	x	x	x
14. Engineering	1,030	900	120	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,625	1,535	90	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	1,345	1,330	15	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,210	1,160	55	x	x	x
48. Precision production	865	820	50	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	910	575	335	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	235	160	75	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	675	415	255	x	x	x
Health and related fields	7,040	1,160	5,885	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	625	305	325	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	6,260	745	5,515	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	155	105	45	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,755	1,330	1,425	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	1,355	325	1,030	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	15	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	1,070	720	355	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	315	270	40	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	x	x	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	40,820	19,570	21,250	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,920	8,245	6,675	x	x	x
Education	1,740	495	1,250	x	x	x
13. Education	1,740	495	1,250	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	860	400	465	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	170	145	30	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	690	255	435	x	x	x
Humanities	1,525	675	855	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	110	25	85	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	395	125	265	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	190	75	120	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	105	25	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	315	195	125	x	x	x
54. History	330	145	180	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	50	0	50	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,315	985	2,325	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	160	55	110	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	230	90	145	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	620	70	550	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	445	80	365	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	145	45	105	x	x	x
42. Psychology	540	120	415	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	1,165	525	635	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	4,520	1,645	2,880	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	715	150	560	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,795	1,490	2,305	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,160	545	615	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	715	300	410	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	70	75	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	245	160	90	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	15	40	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	835	515	325	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	630	430	195	x	x	x
25. Library science	90	10	75	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	60	40	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,080	3,795	285	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	165	110	60	x	x	x
14. Engineering	695	620	75	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,010	960	50	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	905	895	10	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	800	745	50	x	x	x
48. Precision production	505	470	40	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	695	430	265	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	155	105	50	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	535	320	210	x	x	x
Health and related fields	5,100	825	4,280	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	495	215	270	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	4,510	545	3,965	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	100	60	40	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,055	1,020	1,040	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	970	240	735	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	835	565	270	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	245	215	30	x	x	x
Other	0	0	10	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	x	x	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	67,835	31,875	35,960	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,445	15,500	15,945	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	36,395	16,385	20,010	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	33,570	14,910	18,660	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	31,570	13,990	17,580	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	2,000	915	1,080	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,825	1,470	1,350	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	680	370	315	x	x	x
Philippines	125	45	80	x	x	x
India	330	185	140	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	485	310	175	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	100	45	55	x	x	x
France	25	10	20	x	x	x
Other	1,075	510	560	x	x	x
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	40,820	19,570	21,250	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,920	8,245	6,675	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	25,895	11,320	14,575	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	24,215	10,475	13,740	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	22,855	9,850	13,005	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	1,360	625	735	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,685	850	835	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	430	230	200	x	x	x
Philippines	110	40	70	x	x	x
India	205	105	100	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	150	90	60	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	80	30	55	x	x	x
France	25	15	10	x	x	x
Other	685	340	345	x	x	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	67,840	31,880	35,960	x	x	x
In the labour force	40,175	19,775	20,400	x	x	x
Employed	36,610	17,940	18,670	x	x	x
Unemployed	3,565	1,830	1,735	x	x	x
Not in the labour force	27,660	12,105	15,555	x	x	x
Participation rate	59.2	62.0	56.7	x	x	x
Employment rate	54.0	56.3	51.9	x	x	x
Unemployment rate	8.9	9.3	8.5	x	x	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	67,835	31,880	35,960	x	x	x
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	26,320	11,430	14,890	x	x	x
Worked	41,520	20,450	21,070	x	x	x
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	19,890	10,590	9,300	x	x	x
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	21,625	9,850	11,770	x	x	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.7	42.4	x	x	x
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	40,180	19,775	20,400	x	x	x
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,120	560	560	x	x	x
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	39,060	19,220	19,840	x	x	x
Employee	35,300	17,010	18,290	x	x	x
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,760	2,205	1,550	x	x	x
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	40,175	19,775	20,400	x	x	x
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,115	560	560	x	x	x
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	39,060	19,215	19,845	x	x	x
0 Management occupations	3,335	1,850	1,485	x	x	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,745	1,270	3,475	x	x	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,460	1,900	560	x	x	x
3 Health occupations	3,380	630	2,745	x	x	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,610	1,935	3,675	x	x	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,290	610	680	x	x	x
6 Sales and service occupations	11,340	4,965	6,375	x	x	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,765	4,455	305	x	x	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	525	410	110	x	x	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,615	1,185	430	x	x	x
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	40,180	19,775	20,400	x	x	x
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,115	560	555	x	x	x
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	39,060	19,220	19,840	x	x	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	250	150	95	x	x	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	140	120	15	x	x	x
22 Utilities	360	305	55	x	x	x
23 Construction	2,385	2,230	155	x	x	x
31-33 Manufacturing	2,790	2,070	715	x	x	x
41 Wholesale trade	1,070	805	270	x	x	x
44-45 Retail trade	5,480	2,610	2,870	x	x	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,420	1,030	395	x	x	x
51 Information and cultural industries	780	415	370	x	x	x
52 Finance and insurance	1,020	380	645	x	x	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	535	260	275	x	x	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,935	1,035	895	x	x	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	x	x	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,560	1,405	1,150	x	x	x
61 Educational services	3,860	1,350	2,505	x	x	x
62 Health care and social assistance	5,995	1,110	4,895	x	x	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,085	540	540	x	x	x
72 Accommodation and food services	3,525	1,515	2,010	x	x	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,720	750	965	x	x	x
91 Public administration	2,145	1,140	1,005	x	x	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	36,610	17,945	18,670	x	x	x
Worked at home	2,280	1,080	1,200	x	x	x
Worked outside Canada	60	30	30	x	x	x
No fixed workplace address	4,020	2,840	1,190	x	x	x
Worked at usual place	30,250	14,000	16,245	x	x	x
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	30,250	14,000	16,245	x	x	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,100	9,875	13,225	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,445	1,810	1,635	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,605	2,255	1,350	x	x	x
Commute to a different province or territory	100	65	30	x	x	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	34,275	16,835	17,435	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25,675	12,770	12,910	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,645	1,205	1,440	x	x	x
Public transit	1,880	755	1,130	x	x	x
Walked	2,940	1,360	1,580	x	x	x
Bicycle	760	545	215	x	x	x
Other method	370	210	165	x	x	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	34,275	16,835	17,435	x	x	x
Less than 15 minutes	15,980	7,285	8,695	x	x	x
15 to 29 minutes	11,015	5,085	5,930	x	x	x
30 to 44 minutes	3,160	1,630	1,530	x	x	x
45 to 59 minutes	1,730	1,095	630	x	x	x
60 minutes and over	2,385	1,735	650	x	x	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	34,275	16,835	17,435	x	x	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,745	1,245	495	x	x	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,250	3,190	2,060	x	x	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,335	4,095	4,245	x	x	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,975	3,470	5,510	x	x	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,770	1,615	2,155	x	x	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,185	3,215	2,970	x	x	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	42,920	21,110	21,805	x	x	x
Single responses	42,720	21,050	21,665	x	x	x
Official languages	42,650	21,015	21,635	x	x	x
English	42,445	20,955	21,485	x	x	x
French	205	55	145	x	x	x
Non-official languages	70	40	30	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	40	30	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	0	0	10	x	x	x
Russian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	10	10	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	0	0	0	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	10	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	30	25	10	x	x	x
American Sign Language	20	15	10	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	15	x	x	x
Chinese languages	20	0	20	x	x	x
Cantonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	10	0	15	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	200	60	135	x	x	x
English and French	130	50	80	x	x	x
English and non-official language	60	10	50	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	x	x	x
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	42,915	21,110	21,805	x	x	x
None	41,900	20,710	21,185	x	x	x
English	185	50	130	x	x	x
French	525	210	320	x	x	x
Non-official language	300	140	165	x	x	x
Aboriginal	15	0	15	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	285	135	150	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
French and non-official language	10	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	78,915	37,515	41,400	x	x	x
Non-movers	66,185	31,365	34,820	x	x	x
Movers	12,730	6,145	6,585	x	x	x
Non-migrants	7,820	3,765	4,055	x	x	x
Migrants	4,910	2,380	2,530	x	x	x
Internal migrants	4,385	2,135	2,255	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	4,060	1,945	2,115	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	325	185	135	x	x	x
External migrants	525	245	275	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	75,570	35,815	39,750	x	x	x
Non-movers	43,710	20,645	23,065	x	x	x
Movers	31,860	15,175	16,685	x	x	x
Non-migrants	18,150	8,735	9,410	x	x	x
Migrants	13,715	6,435	7,275	x	x	x
Internal migrants	12,310	5,720	6,590	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	11,310	5,250	6,060	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	1,000	470	530	x	x	x
External migrants	1,405	720	680	x	x	x

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Peterborough [Population centre], Ontario and Hesquiat 1, IRI [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Peterborough [Population centre], Ontario and Hesquiat 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Peterborough [Population centre], Ontario and Hesquiat 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Peterborough [Population centre], Ontario and Hesquiat 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia