Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec and Kentville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Quebec [Population centre]			Kentville, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec Map : Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Kentville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	84,685	...	...	6,271	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	81,802 ^r	...	...	6,094	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.5	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	37,990	...	...	2,891	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	36,862	...	...	2,743	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,635.5	...	...	363.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	51.78	...	...	17.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	84,675	41,255	43,420	6,270	2,910	3,360
0 to 14 years	14,085	7,230	6,855	995	485	515
0 to 4 years	4,625	2,385	2,240	295	150	145
5 to 9 years	5,160	2,630	2,530	315	155	160
10 to 14 years	4,295	2,215	2,080	390	185	205
15 to 64 years	54,735	27,105	27,630	3,875	1,830	2,040
15 to 19 years	4,525	2,260	2,265	340	185	155
20 to 24 years	5,155	2,660	2,500	365	170	200
25 to 29 years	4,980	2,500	2,480	295	155	140
30 to 34 years	5,255	2,605	2,655	335	165	170
35 to 39 years	5,550	2,755	2,790	375	175	205
40 to 44 years	5,215	2,580	2,640	385	175	210
45 to 49 years	5,310	2,605	2,700	425	210	215
50 to 54 years	6,295	3,115	3,180	460	205	255
55 to 59 years	6,625	3,225	3,395	435	220	215
60 to 64 years	5,825	2,800	3,025	455	185	270
65 years and over	15,855	6,925	8,930	1,400	590	810
65 to 69 years	5,160	2,390	2,770	370	180	190
70 to 74 years	3,940	1,835	2,105	295	125	170
75 to 79 years	2,770	1,255	1,515	260	125	130
80 to 84 years	1,965	820	1,150	215	85	135
85 years and over	2,020	625	1,395	260	80	185
85 to 89 years	1,290	440	855	155	60	100
90 to 94 years	575	155	425	75	15	65
95 to 99 years	130	25	100	20	5	20
100 years and over	20	5	20	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.5	15.8	15.9	16.7	15.3
15 to 64 years	64.6	65.7	63.6	61.8	62.9	60.7
65 years and over	18.7	16.8	20.6	22.3	20.3	24.1
85 years and over	2.4	1.5	3.2	4.1	2.7	5.5
Average age of the population	42.0	40.7	43.2	44.2	42.5	45.6
Median age of the population	42.6	41.1	44.2	45.4	43.9	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	36,860	...	...	2,745	...	...
Single-detached house	17,635	...	...	1,640	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	145	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	18,855	...	...	1,105	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,340	...	...	190	...	...
Row house	920	...	...	45	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,910	...	...	195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	14,240	...	...	665	...	...
Other single-attached house	445	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	225	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	36,860	...	...	2,740	...	...
1 person	12,285	...	...	910	...	...
2 persons	13,010	...	...	1,030	...	...
3 persons	5,100	...	...	360	...	...
4 persons	4,465	...	...	300	...	...
5 or more persons	2,000	...	...	145	...	...
Number of persons in private households	82,260	...	...	6,010	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	70,590	34,025	36,565	5,270	2,425	2,845
Married or living common law	39,410	19,650	19,760	2,955	1,470	1,485
Married	21,015	10,480	10,530	2,325	1,160	1,170
Living common law	18,395	9,165	9,230	625	310	315
Not married and not living common law	31,180	14,380	16,805	2,320	955	1,360
Never married	20,275	10,895	9,385	1,270	640	625
Separated	955	405	550	205	90	115
Divorced	5,625	2,155	3,470	425	145	280
Widowed	4,330	925	3,405	425	85	340
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,690	...	...	1,745	...	...
2 persons	12,930	...	...	1,010	...	...
3 persons	4,850	...	...	345	...	...
4 persons	4,295	...	...	280	...	...
5 or more persons	1,610	...	...	110	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,690	...	...	1,745	...	...
Total couple families	19,280	...	...	1,440	...	...
Married couples	10,115	...	...	1,125	...	...
Common-law couples	9,165	...	...	310	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,405	...	...	310	...	...
Female parent	3,260	...	...	245	...	...
Male parent	1,145	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	19,285	...	...	1,440	...	...
Couples without children	10,120	...	...	830	...	...
Couples with children	9,160	...	...	610	...	...
1 child	3,585	...	...	240	...	...
2 children	4,030	...	...	260	...	...
3 or more children	1,540	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,405	...	...	310	...	...
1 child	2,810	...	...	180	...	...
2 children	1,265	...	...	100	...	...
3 or more children	335	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,135	7,760	8,375	1,240	525	715
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	36,865	...	...	2,740	...	...
One-census-family households	23,110	...	...	1,705	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,855	...	...	820	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,255	...	...	885	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	285	...	...	25	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,470	...	...	1,020	...	...
One-person households	12,290	...	...	905	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,180	...	...	110	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	83,440	40,800	42,640	6,085	2,850	3,240
English only	410	225	185	5,365	2,540	2,825
French only	48,000	21,715	26,280	5	0	0
English and French	34,960	18,835	16,130	710	305	405
Neither English nor French	75	25	45	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	83,445	40,800	42,640	6,085	2,850	3,235
English	2,300	1,170	1,125	6,000	2,805	3,195
French	80,610	39,360	41,245	75	40	35
English and French	470	245	225	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	70	25	45	10	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,535	1,295	1,240	80	40	35
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.0	3.2	2.9	1.3	1.4	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	83,445	40,805	42,645	6,090	2,855	3,235
Single responses	82,505	40,350	42,155	6,040	2,830	3,210
Official languages	80,670	39,425	41,245	5,885	2,760	3,120
English	2,000	1,030	975	5,795	2,715	3,080
French	78,665	38,395	40,275	90	45	40
Non-official languages	1,840	925	915	160	70	85
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,830	920	905	155	70	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	285	170	110	25	10	10
Berber languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages	225	140	80	15	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	220	140	80	15	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	40	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	5	25	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	50	25	25	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,160	580	580	90	40	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	35	55	20	10	10
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	30	50	20	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	5	5	5	0
Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	5	10	5	0	0
Russian	30	5	25	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	145	70	75	55	20	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	5
Dutch	15	10	10	35	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	45	55	10	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25	10	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	25	25	5	5	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	15	20	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	835	425	410	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	140	80	60	0	0	0
Portuguese	180	95	90	0	0	0
Romanian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Spanish	460	220	240	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	35	60	10	5	5
Chinese languages	95	35	55	15	5	5
Cantonese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	35	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	5	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	935	450	485	50	20	25
English and French	715	355	360	20	5	10
English and non-official language	25	10	15	25	10	15
French and non-official language	165	70	95	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	83,440	40,800	42,645	6,090	2,855	3,235
Single responses	82,300	40,240	42,060	6,035	2,820	3,215
Official languages	81,715	39,960	41,755	5,985	2,805	3,185
English	1,800	910	895	5,965	2,795	3,170
French	79,910	39,050	40,860	20	5	10
Non-official languages	580	280	300	50	15	35
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	585	285	300	50	20	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	40	40	15	5	10
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages	70	35	35	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	35	35	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	355	170	180	25	5	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	15	10	5	0	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	5	5	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	0	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	290	145	150	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	200	100	100	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	10	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	25	5	0	0
Chinese languages	50	25	25	5	0	0
Cantonese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,140	560	580	50	30	20
English and French	670	330	340	5	0	5
English and non-official language	30	15	15	40	25	15
French and non-official language	365	180	190	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	75	30	40	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	83,445	40,800	42,640	6,085	2,850	3,235
None	75,970	36,950	39,020	5,840	2,755	3,090
English	5,325	2,760	2,560	25	5	15
French	1,145	570	575	135	55	75
Non-official language	825	425	395	80	30	50
Aboriginal	10	5	5	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	820	425	390	80	30	50
English and French	35	15	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	130	70	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	5	15	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	68,190	33,145	35,040	5,020	2,345	2,675
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,110	32,190	33,925	4,825	2,235	2,585
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,058	39,896	28,747	31,846	37,786	26,965
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,130	32,185	33,940	4,830	2,240	2,585
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,232	34,557	26,272	28,702	33,280	24,816
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,785	29,370	29,415	4,205	2,005	2,205
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,221	37,875	25,385	30,656	36,672	25,216
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,825	22,835	27,990	3,635	1,500	2,135
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,761	6,648	8,532	7,213	7,664	6,952
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,190	24,805	23,380	3,250	1,605	1,645
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,108	38,439	27,959	29,872	33,510	26,347
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	68,070	33,070	34,995	5,020	2,340	2,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,060	32,070	33,990	4,785	2,195	2,590
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,078	47,179	35,319	41,869	48,989	35,826
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,085	32,075	34,010	4,780	2,195	2,590
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,899	37,873	30,152	34,620	39,701	30,306
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,535	29,185	29,345	4,150	1,990	2,160
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,669	45,550	31,825	40,817	47,630	34,535
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,100	22,920	28,180	3,620	1,470	2,150
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,812	8,021	9,455	8,517	8,664	8,417
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,115	24,705	23,410	3,250	1,620	1,635
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,095	44,558	33,329	38,204	43,350	33,114
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	68,065	33,075	34,995	5,020	2,345	2,675
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	22,440	12,015	10,420	1,640	875	765
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,071	51,587	40,924	45,835	50,128	41,311
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,355	58,201	45,614	54,893	60,467	48,493
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.5	87.8	78.0	84.7	88.1	80.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.4	72.8	65.0	62.3	64.8	59.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.5	12.2	22.0	15.2	11.8	19.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	68,190	33,145	35,045	5,015	2,345	2,675
Without total income	2,080	965	1,115	195	105	85
With total income	66,110	32,185	33,925	4,825	2,235	2,590
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.1	96.8	96.2	95.3	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,930	2,960	3,970	615	265	350
$10,000 to $19,999	12,040	4,515	7,530	895	300	600
$20,000 to $29,999	10,465	4,350	6,115	780	335	445
$30,000 to $39,999	9,045	4,315	4,725	590	275	325
$40,000 to $49,999	7,915	3,970	3,945	545	260	290
$50,000 to $59,999	6,015	3,360	2,660	350	200	160
$60,000 to $69,999	4,295	2,515	1,775	290	175	125
$70,000 to $79,999	3,380	1,985	1,395	220	135	90
$80,000 to $89,999	1,990	1,285	700	175	85	90
$90,000 to $99,999	1,215	840	375	120	70	45
$100,000 and over	2,820	2,080	745	230	160	70
$100,000 to $149,999	2,085	1,525	560	175	115	60
$150,000 and over	740	555	185	55	40	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	68,190	33,150	35,040	5,015	2,340	2,675
Without after-tax income	2,065	960	1,100	190	105	85
With after-tax income	66,125	32,190	33,945	4,825	2,240	2,590
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.1	96.9	96.2	95.7	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,285	3,020	4,270	660	275	385
$10,000 to $19,999	12,665	4,800	7,860	960	330	625
$20,000 to $29,999	12,850	5,565	7,290	900	395	505
$30,000 to $39,999	11,605	5,865	5,740	750	345	405
$40,000 to $49,999	8,685	4,760	3,925	525	290	240
$50,000 to $59,999	5,815	3,370	2,445	430	250	190
$60,000 to $69,999	3,335	2,045	1,295	260	135	120
$70,000 to $79,999	1,620	1,115	505	140	80	60
$80,000 and over	2,265	1,645	620	210	145	65
$80,000 to $89,999	830	590	245	90	65	30
$90,000 to $99,999	450	320	130	35	20	15
$100,000 and over	980	740	245	85	60	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	68,190	33,150	35,045	5,015	2,345	2,675
Without employment income	20,005	8,345	11,665	1,770	735	1,025
With employment income	48,185	24,810	23,380	3,250	1,605	1,645
Percentage with employment income	70.7	74.8	66.7	64.8	68.4	61.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,630	2,850	2,785	470	215	255
$5,000 to $9,999	3,575	1,480	2,095	290	120	170
$10,000 to $19,999	6,795	2,875	3,925	450	195	255
$20,000 to $29,999	6,220	2,650	3,570	415	200	220
$30,000 to $39,999	6,250	3,015	3,240	375	170	210
$40,000 to $49,999	5,405	2,770	2,635	320	165	155
$50,000 to $59,999	4,045	2,385	1,655	210	125	90
$60,000 to $69,999	3,130	1,920	1,215	210	125	85
$70,000 to $79,999	2,660	1,585	1,075	155	75	80
$80,000 and over	4,465	3,285	1,180	350	220	130
$80,000 to $89,999	1,485	1,055	430	135	65	70
$90,000 to $99,999	950	675	270	80	45	35
$100,000 and over	2,030	1,550	480	135	105	35
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	36,860	...	...	2,745	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,114	...	...	56,909	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,237	...	...	50,923	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,285	...	...	910	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,769	...	...	27,776	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,173	...	...	25,728	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	24,575	...	...	1,840	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,180	...	...	74,894	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,313	...	...	65,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	36,840	...	...	2,740	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,656	...	...	73,023	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,805	...	...	60,379	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,300	...	...	910	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,839	...	...	35,865	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,323	...	...	30,790	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	24,545	...	...	1,835	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,099	...	...	91,476	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,573	...	...	75,073	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	36,860	...	...	2,740	...	...
Under $5,000	255	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	535	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,395	...	...	140	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,895	...	...	165	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,990	...	...	165	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,600	...	...	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,965	...	...	150	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,950	...	...	135	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,835	...	...	135	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,780	...	...	120	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,185	...	...	235	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,920	...	...	185	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,525	...	...	205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,215	...	...	155	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,865	...	...	130	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,955	...	...	620	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,635	...	...	245	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,255	...	...	165	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,045	...	...	135	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,010	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	36,860	...	...	2,740	...	...
Under $5,000	280	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	545	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,405	...	...	135	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,005	...	...	180	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,270	...	...	175	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,000	...	...	150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,410	...	...	155	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,290	...	...	165	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,240	...	...	150	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,055	...	...	130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,895	...	...	285	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,225	...	...	260	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,690	...	...	190	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,225	...	...	150	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,880	...	...	125	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,440	...	...	385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,955	...	...	190	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,370	...	...	105	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,115	...	...	90	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	23,725	...	...	1,750	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,634	...	...	75,264	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,585	...	...	65,472	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,705	...	...	800	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,031	...	...	71,872	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,122	...	...	62,315	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,220	...	...	615	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,266	...	...	106,624	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,548	...	...	89,771	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,280	...	...	295	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,007	...	...	41,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,838	...	...	39,014	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	23,675	...	...	1,740	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,530	...	...	92,512	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,782	...	...	75,718	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,740	...	...	775	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,559	...	...	85,095	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,062	...	...	70,935	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,225	...	...	625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,314	...	...	124,875	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,936	...	...	98,873	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,235	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,771	...	...	45,494	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,464	...	...	40,062	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,785	7,175	7,605	1,140	480	660
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,203	31,639	25,561	25,920	27,744	25,045
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,055	28,160	24,283	24,352	25,088	24,096
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,805	7,095	7,710	1,140	480	660
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,336	36,793	33,994	34,456	35,789	33,498
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,136	30,763	29,559	29,674	30,507	29,076
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	82,260	40,365	41,890	6,010	2,830	3,180
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,175	21,925	24,250	3,445	1,570	1,870
In the bottom decile	6,730	3,250	3,480	810	370	440
In the second decile	8,850	3,745	5,100	740	310	425
In the third decile	9,975	4,760	5,210	675	310	370
In the fourth decile	10,335	5,075	5,260	630	295	340
In the fifth decile	10,285	5,095	5,195	585	285	300
In the top half of the distribution	36,080	18,440	17,640	2,565	1,260	1,305
In the sixth decile	10,020	5,100	4,920	655	315	340
In the seventh decile	9,380	4,815	4,565	620	305	320
In the eighth decile	7,700	3,900	3,805	550	275	275
In the ninth decile	5,715	2,965	2,750	445	220	225
In the top decile	3,265	1,660	1,600	295	145	150
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	82,260	40,365	41,890	6,010	2,830	3,185
0 to 17 years	16,710	8,555	8,150	1,195	600	595
0 to 5 years	5,625	2,855	2,770	365	185	185
18 to 64 years	51,770	25,575	26,200	3,630	1,700	1,930
65 years and over	13,785	6,240	7,540	1,180	530	650
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,710	4,685	6,020	1,170	510	665
0 to 17 years	2,015	1,010	1,000	280	135	145
0 to 5 years	615	305	315	95	50	45
18 to 64 years	6,090	2,805	3,280	705	320	390
65 years and over	2,605	865	1,740	190	60	130
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.0	11.6	14.4	19.5	18.0	20.9
0 to 17 years (%)	12.1	11.8	12.3	23.4	22.5	24.4
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	10.7	11.4	26.0	27.0	24.3
18 to 64 years (%)	11.8	11.0	12.5	19.4	18.8	20.2
65 years and over (%)	18.9	13.9	23.1	16.1	11.3	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,405	2,710	2,700	575	270	310
0 to 17 years	975	515	465	130	60	70
0 to 5 years	300	160	145	55	25	25
18 to 64 years	4,085	2,065	2,015	420	195	225
65 years and over	350	130	220	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.6	6.7	6.4	9.6	9.5	9.7
0 to 17 years (%)	5.8	6.0	5.7	10.9	10.0	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	5.3	5.6	5.2	15.1	13.5	13.5
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	8.1	7.7	11.6	11.5	11.7
65 years and over (%)	2.5	2.1	2.9	2.1	1.9	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	82,170	40,250	41,920	6,010	2,830	3,180
Official languages	82,110	40,220	41,895	6,010	2,825	3,180
English	35,205	18,860	16,345	6,000	2,825	3,180
French	81,630	39,920	41,715	715	340	375
Non-official languages	4,360	2,170	2,190	370	150	215
Aboriginal languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,340	2,155	2,185	370	150	220
Afro-Asiatic languages	430	235	190	45	15	30
Berber languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	30	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	395	220	180	40	20	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	385	210	175	40	20	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	45	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	10	50	45	10	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	10	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	0	30	35	10	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	145	75	70	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	140	70	65	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,280	1,630	1,655	220	90	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	140	65	70	30	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	140	65	75	30	20	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Croatian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Polish	25	10	15	10	10	0
Russian	65	25	40	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	310	200	110	85	40	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	0	0	10
Dutch	35	15	15	40	10	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	255	165	90	35	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	15	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	10	30	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	20	0	20	15	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	20	0	15	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,885	1,405	1,490	70	15	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	435	235	205	0	0	0
Portuguese	230	140	85	0	0	0
Romanian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Spanish	2,280	1,055	1,220	70	20	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	25	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	15	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	130	55	75	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	10	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	90	40	55	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	55	10	10	10
Chinese languages	115	65	55	10	10	0
Cantonese	60	30	35	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	25	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	82,170	40,250	41,920	6,010	2,825	3,180
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	81,300	39,845	41,450	5,900	2,775	3,125
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,570	8,425	8,145	1,195	615	575
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	64,730	31,430	33,305	4,710	2,160	2,550
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	870	400	465	110	55	55
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	82,170	40,250	41,920	6,010	2,830	3,180
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	79,080	38,740	40,340	5,635	2,650	2,985
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,925	1,425	1,495	365	175	190
Before 1981	895	500	400	170	75	90
1981 to 1990	310	165	150	40	20	15
1991 to 2000	425	185	245	40	10	30
2001 to 2010	840	365	475	80	40	35
2001 to 2005	345	150	195	35	15	15
2006 to 2010	495	215	275	50	20	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	445	215	230	40	15	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	170	85	85	10	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,925	1,425	1,495	365	170	190
Under 5 years	485	215	270	30	10	20
5 to 14 years	460	230	230	125	60	65
15 to 24 years	595	290	300	50	15	35
25 to 44 years	1,205	615	590	155	85	70
45 years and over	185	75	110	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,925	1,430	1,495	360	170	190
Americas	675	290	390	85	45	40
Brazil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	60	30	30	30	10	15
El Salvador	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	80	25	55	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mexico	30	10	20	0	0	0
Peru	65	20	40	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	140	60	85	45	30	20
Other places of birth in Americas	260	115	145	0	10	0
Europe	1,265	655	610	165	85	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	15	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	575	270	300	0	10	0
Germany	105	50	50	10	10	0
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italy	120	70	50	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	35	10	20
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	115	90	25	0	0	0
Romania	50	20	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	15	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	10	15	80	50	35
Other places of birth in Europe	195	100	95	15	0	10
Africa	570	325	245	10	0	0
Algeria	95	45	45	0	0	0
Egypt	35	20	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	125	75	55	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	305	175	130	0	0	0
Asia	405	155	250	105	35	70
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	125	25	100	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	15	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	15	10	10	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	50	10	45	30	0	25
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	20	0	15
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	80	45	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	90	45	40	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	445	215	225	35	20	15
Americas	95	45	55	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	15	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	20	0	0	0
Europe	120	55	65	10	10	0
France	90	45	45	0	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	195	100	95	0	0	0
Algeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	30	15	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	30	15	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	15	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	30	30	0	0	0
Asia	35	15	20	30	15	20
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	10	10	10	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	82,170	40,250	41,920	6,010	2,830	3,180
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,300	1,635	1,665	410	200	210
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,650	1,895	1,755	600	310	295
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	75,220	36,725	38,500	4,995	2,325	2,675
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,100	970	1,130	205	90	105
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,065	520	545	95	50	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	475	285	185	45	35	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	590	230	355	50	15	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	785	305	470	55	20	35
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	235	125	110	45	20	25
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	15	10	0	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	82,170	40,255	41,915	6,010	2,825	3,180
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,015	440	575	250	120	130
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	960	415	550	245	125	120
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	450	200	250	115	50	60
Métis	480	200	280	135	70	65
Inuk (Inuit)	30	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	15	10	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	81,155	39,810	41,345	5,760	2,705	3,055
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	82,170	40,250	41,915	6,010	2,830	3,180
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	200	85	115	35	25	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	81,965	40,165	41,805	5,975	2,800	3,170
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	82,165	40,250	41,920	6,010	2,830	3,180
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	735	370	365	65	30	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	730	370	360	45	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	620	320	300	25	10	10
Métis single ancestry	100	45	55	20	15	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,865	1,380	1,485	400	195	205
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,850	1,375	1,475	370	175	195
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,520	1,220	1,300	245	120	125
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	275	130	145	120	50	70
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	25	30	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	10	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	78,570	38,500	40,070	5,545	2,600	2,945
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	82,165	40,250	41,920	6,010	2,830	3,180
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,065	965	1,105	290	130	160
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	40	15	25	30	10	15
Chinese	180	45	140	25	15	15
Black	745	395	355	80	45	35
Filipino	60	10	50	55	20	35
Latin American	330	150	180	40	15	15
Arab	370	205	165	40	20	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	190	85	105	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	10	0	15	10	10
Korean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	65	30	35	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	80,105	39,290	40,815	5,720	2,695	3,025
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	82,170	40,250	41,920	6,010	2,830	3,180
North American Aboriginal origins	3,595	1,750	1,850	465	230	235
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,155	1,540	1,615	315	160	155
Inuit	70	30	35	0	0	0
Métis	390	180	205	185	90	100
Other North American origins	62,820	30,550	32,270	2,735	1,240	1,495
Acadian	475	245	225	110	45	70
American	520	280	245	45	30	15
Canadian	60,330	29,335	31,000	2,625	1,200	1,430
New Brunswicker	15	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ontarian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Québécois	2,445	1,190	1,260	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	30,855	15,335	15,520	4,135	1,960	2,180
British Isles origins	7,985	3,865	4,120	3,470	1,690	1,780
Channel Islander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,035	975	1,060	1,955	970	985
Irish	5,130	2,470	2,660	1,280	630	650
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,910	905	1,000	1,620	770	850
Welsh	45	25	20	125	60	65
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	200	85	115	170	85	85
French origins	22,405	11,095	11,310	745	325	415
Alsatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Breton	110	45	65	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	22,330	11,060	11,270	745	325	420
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,665	1,175	1,490	1,030	450	580
Austrian	45	25	20	10	0	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	780	345	435	10	10	0
Dutch	300	145	155	345	145	200
Flemish	15	0	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,355	605	755	720	315	405
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	270	105	165	15	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	145	95	50	110	50	55
Danish	60	45	20	20	10	0
Finnish	0	10	0	30	15	15
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	30	15	15
Swedish	35	15	15	30	15	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	15	15	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	790	405	375	155	55	100
Bulgarian	10	0	0	20	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	10	10	10	10
Hungarian	145	50	90	0	0	10
Latvian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	295	155	140	40	15	25
Romanian	100	45	60	15	10	10
Russian	85	45	45	20	0	20
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	220	130	95	60	25	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,215	1,685	1,530	135	60	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	60	50	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	115	70	45	15	0	10
Italian	1,955	940	1,015	90	45	45
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	0	10	0
Montenegrin	10	10	10	10	10	0
Portuguese	510	310	205	10	0	0
Serbian	15	0	10	10	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	575	310	265	30	0	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	180	110	70	55	30	20
Basque	25	10	20	0	0	0
Jewish	45	20	25	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	25	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	115	90	25	30	10	15
Caribbean origins	405	165	240	35	25	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	55	30	25	0	0	0
Dominican	75	20	55	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian	225	90	135	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	0	20	30	15	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	25	0	15	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	500	265	240	35	15	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chilean	65	40	30	10	0	10
Colombian	110	60	50	25	15	15
Costa Rican	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	40	30	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	60	30	25	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	70	15	50	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,115	570	550	80	50	30
Central and West African origins	270	150	120	0	0	0
Akan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	35	15	20	0	0	0
Cameroonian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	20	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Gambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	15	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	40	25	10	0	0	0
North African origins	520	250	275	0	0	0
Algerian	115	60	50	0	0	10
Berber	95	60	35	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	95	30	60	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	230	100	125	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	25	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	90	50	45	10	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	10	0	0	0
South African	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	255	140	115	70	45	25
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	15	15	30	10	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	230	125	100	45	35	15
Asian origins	1,015	435	575	200	90	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	375	210	170	85	45	40
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	140	75	60	0	0	0
Armenian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0	15	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	110	65	45	45	30	15
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	10	10	20	10	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	25	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	10	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	100	55	50	40	15	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	95	50	45	30	15	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	550	185	360	90	30	55
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese	275	95	180	30	15	15
Filipino	70	10	55	55	20	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	20	30	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	125	60	60	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	10	10	0	0
Australian	15	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	36,840	...	...	2,740	...	...
Owner	21,575	...	...	1,580	...	...
Renter	15,270	...	...	1,165	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	36,840	...	...	2,745	...	...
Condominium	3,650	...	...	35	...	...
Not condominium	33,190	...	...	2,700	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	36,845	...	...	2,740	...	...
No bedrooms	125	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	4,925	...	...	385	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,095	...	...	780	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,415	...	...	930	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,280	...	...	630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	36,840	...	...	2,745	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,465	...	...	705	...	...
5 rooms	6,890	...	...	400	...	...
6 rooms	4,050	...	...	410	...	...
7 rooms	3,975	...	...	295	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,460	...	...	940	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	36,845	...	...	2,745	...	...
One person or fewer per room	36,785	...	...	2,725	...	...
More than 1 person per room	55	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	36,840	...	...	2,740	...	...
Suitable	36,170	...	...	2,660	...	...
Not suitable	670	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	36,840	...	...	2,740	...	...
1960 or before	7,535	...	...	1,060	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,470	...	...	670	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,635	...	...	290	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,045	...	...	335	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,125	...	...	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,035	...	...	155	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,990	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	36,845	...	...	2,740	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	35,075	...	...	2,515	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,765	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	36,845	...	...	2,745	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,850	...	...	1,735	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,620	...	...	985	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	375	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	36,845	...	...	2,745	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,325	...	...	140	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,260	...	...	315	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,285	...	...	440	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,060	...	...	520	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,595	...	...	525	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,785	...	...	410	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,850	...	...	290	...	...
85 years and over	690	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	36,810	...	...	2,740	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	29,400	...	...	1,990	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,415	...	...	750	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,880	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	21,570	...	...	1,585	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.4	...	...	61.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.5	...	...	12.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,105	...	...	1,021	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,129	...	...	1,093	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,722	...	...	200,086	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	275,972	...	...	232,894	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,265	...	...	1,160	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.4	...	...	10.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.4	...	...	48.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	697	...	...	733	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	726	...	...	781	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	68,070	33,070	34,995	5,015	2,340	2,675
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,795	7,490	7,300	785	445	345
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,255	7,710	8,540	1,400	640	765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,025	17,865	19,155	2,825	1,260	1,565
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,230	7,970	5,260	320	235	85
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,700	5,220	4,480	185	115	70
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,530	2,750	780	135	120	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,255	5,105	7,150	1,195	455	740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,140	875	1,270	145	55	90
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,395	3,920	5,470	1,165	515	655
Bachelor's degree	6,735	2,685	4,050	745	295	445
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	800	350	455	55	25	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	275	135	140	85	50	35
Master's degree	1,395	660	735	250	125	130
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	185	90	90	30	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	44,730	21,970	22,760	3,105	1,420	1,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,545	3,765	2,780	300	200	95
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,615	4,705	4,910	805	370	435
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,580	13,500	15,075	2,000	850	1,150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,310	6,090	4,215	210	160	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,585	3,980	3,600	115	80	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,720	2,110	615	90	80	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,205	3,875	5,325	840	325	510
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,535	630	910	80	20	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,525	2,895	4,630	870	345	530
Bachelor's degree	5,470	2,035	3,435	555	205	350
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	625	245	380	35	20	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	55	130	65	30	30
Master's degree	1,120	490	625	205	85	120
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	135	70	65	15	0	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	68,065	33,070	34,995	5,015	2,345	2,675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	31,050	15,205	15,840	2,190	1,085	1,105
Education	2,860	565	2,295	240	60	185
13. Education	2,855	565	2,295	245	60	185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,265	570	700	85	30	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	250	190	65	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,015	380	635	75	25	50
Humanities	1,880	810	1,070	125	60	65
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	160	30	130	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	30	50	15	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,135	520	615	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	25	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	40	25	15	15	0
54. History	160	95	65	25	20	10
55. French language and literature/letters	265	90	175	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,915	770	2,145	315	125	190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	0	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	320	100	220	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	855	70	785	65	10	55
22. Legal professions and studies	585	190	390	35	15	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	10	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	515	120	390	80	20	60
45. Social sciences	515	270	250	110	65	45
Business, management and public administration	8,585	2,855	5,725	675	210	470
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	590	105	480	70	20	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,980	2,745	5,235	610	190	420
Physical and life sciences and technologies	910	450	460	105	55	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	250	85	165	70	25	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	90	70	10	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	230	120	115	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	215	150	70	30	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	15	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,275	955	315	80	55	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,100	860	240	70	45	20
25. Library science	70	15	55	0	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	70	25	0	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,665	8,055	610	405	395	0
04. Architecture and related services	190	100	90	0	0	0
14. Engineering	750	645	110	70	70	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,740	1,550	190	95	90	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,250	2,205	45	125	125	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,970	1,880	90	85	85	0
48. Precision production	1,760	1,680	85	25	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	505	340	170	60	25	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	385	230	155	50	30	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	105	15	10	0	10
Health and related fields	4,735	755	3,980	550	140	415
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	230	125	110	35	20	15
51. Health professions and related programs	4,435	610	3,830	480	95	395
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	25	40	35	25	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,415	1,740	1,670	180	105	70
12. Personal and culinary services	1,905	480	1,425	90	25	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	30	25	10	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	70	60	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	750	580	170	35	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	660	600	65	45	45	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	44,730	21,970	22,765	3,105	1,415	1,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,160	8,470	7,690	1,105	570	535
Education	1,895	330	1,565	175	45	130
13. Education	1,900	335	1,565	175	45	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,055	455	600	65	20	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	215	165	50	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	840	290	545	60	15	40
Humanities	1,175	525	655	95	45	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	110	20	85	10	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	20	35	10	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	665	330	330	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	10	15	15	0
54. History	140	85	55	20	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	160	40	120	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,415	575	1,840	235	85	150
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	0	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	250	60	190	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	760	55	700	45	10	40
22. Legal professions and studies	465	140	330	30	10	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	15	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	410	80	330	50	10	35
45. Social sciences	430	220	205	90	50	40
Business, management and public administration	6,795	2,160	4,640	465	145	320
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	435	60	380	65	20	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,350	2,100	4,250	400	125	275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	600	280	325	80	30	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	185	60	120	55	20	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	70	55	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	60	20	35	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	190	125	65	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	0	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,085	815	270	65	40	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	970	765	205	65	40	25
25. Library science	55	10	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	35	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,680	6,120	560	270	260	10
04. Architecture and related services	160	75	80	0	0	0
14. Engineering	625	520	105	35	40	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,310	1,130	180	60	60	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,745	1,700	40	85	85	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,510	1,435	80	55	55	0
48. Precision production	1,335	1,265	75	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	380	245	135	40	20	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	290	165	125	35	20	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	80	15	10	0	0
Health and related fields	3,715	565	3,145	385	80	305
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	180	90	90	25	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	3,470	455	3,015	335	55	280
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	15	40	25	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,760	1,420	1,340	130	75	55
12. Personal and culinary services	1,455	340	1,115	70	20	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	25	20	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	50	40	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	660	505	150	30	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	510	65	30	35	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	68,070	33,075	34,995	5,020	2,345	2,675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,050	15,205	15,840	2,195	1,085	1,105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	37,020	17,870	19,150	2,825	1,265	1,565
Location of study inside Canada	36,055	17,395	18,660	2,680	1,180	1,505
Same as province or territory of residence	35,290	16,945	18,350	2,050	860	1,190
Different than province or territory of residence	765	450	310	630	315	315
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	965	470	495	140	80	60
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	55	65	35	20	20
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	10
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	25	0	30	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	10	15	0	0	0
France	315	145	170	0	0	0
Other	470	230	240	60	35	20
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	44,730	21,970	22,765	3,105	1,415	1,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,160	8,470	7,690	1,105	570	535
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	28,575	13,500	15,075	2,000	850	1,150
Location of study inside Canada	27,810	13,150	14,660	1,910	810	1,100
Same as province or territory of residence	27,235	12,810	14,420	1,450	580	865
Different than province or territory of residence	575	335	240	460	235	235
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	765	350	415	90	40	55
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	85	45	45	25	15	15
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	15
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	15	10	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	15	0	0	0
France	240	110	130	0	0	0
Other	395	175	220	35	25	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	68,070	33,070	34,995	5,015	2,340	2,670
In the labour force	44,765	23,020	21,745	2,925	1,465	1,465
Employed	42,100	21,515	20,580	2,705	1,345	1,360
Unemployed	2,670	1,505	1,170	225	120	100
Not in the labour force	23,300	10,055	13,250	2,085	880	1,210
Participation rate	65.8	69.6	62.1	58.3	62.6	54.9
Employment rate	61.8	65.1	58.8	53.9	57.5	50.9
Unemployment rate	6.0	6.5	5.4	7.7	8.2	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	68,070	33,075	34,995	5,015	2,345	2,675
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	22,185	9,620	12,565	1,905	780	1,120
Worked	45,885	23,455	22,430	3,110	1,565	1,550
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	22,805	12,290	10,510	1,685	915	770
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	23,085	11,165	11,920	1,425	645	780
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7	43.9	43.5	43.1	43.3	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	44,770	23,020	21,745	2,930	1,465	1,460
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	950	430	520	55	25	35
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	43,820	22,590	21,230	2,865	1,440	1,435
Employee	39,210	19,975	19,240	2,495	1,215	1,275
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,605	2,620	1,990	375	220	150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	44,770	23,020	21,745	2,930	1,465	1,465
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	945	430	520	60	25	30
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	43,820	22,590	21,230	2,870	1,435	1,435
0 Management occupations	4,100	2,560	1,545	330	175	150
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,710	2,045	4,665	400	120	275
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,405	1,870	535	115	85	25
3 Health occupations	3,170	440	2,725	305	95	205
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,520	1,565	3,955	445	190	250
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,030	445	585	45	20	20
6 Sales and service occupations	10,305	4,360	5,950	765	340	430
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,170	6,810	355	250	220	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	420	340	80	65	45	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,985	2,150	840	150	135	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	44,765	23,020	21,745	2,930	1,465	1,465
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	945	435	520	60	30	35
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	43,815	22,585	21,230	2,865	1,435	1,430
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	385	230	155	95	55	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	65	20	0	0	0
22 Utilities	250	170	80	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,050	2,665	385	135	125	10
31-33 Manufacturing	6,275	4,610	1,665	225	180	45
41 Wholesale trade	1,525	1,080	445	130	105	20
44-45 Retail trade	6,060	2,765	3,290	365	160	205
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,020	1,605	415	50	50	10
51 Information and cultural industries	805	480	325	40	25	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,535	615	920	85	35	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	545	325	225	50	20	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,305	1,160	1,145	125	70	55
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	15	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,675	1,020	660	165	90	80
61 Educational services	2,815	685	2,130	260	95	170
62 Health care and social assistance	5,815	780	5,030	490	115	380
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	755	375	385	45	25	20
72 Accommodation and food services	2,805	1,190	1,615	235	90	150
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,760	815	945	100	50	50
91 Public administration	3,320	1,950	1,370	270	160	115
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	42,100	21,520	20,580	2,705	1,345	1,360
Worked at home	2,290	1,075	1,215	170	95	80
Worked outside Canada	55	45	15	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,965	2,980	980	230	155	75
Worked at usual place	35,790	17,420	18,370	2,305	1,090	1,210
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	35,790	17,420	18,370	2,305	1,095	1,210
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	20,855	9,275	11,580	805	310	490
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	625	315	305	1,335	665	670
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,280	7,810	6,470	150	95	50
Commute to a different province or territory	30	20	10	20	20	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	39,755	20,400	19,350	2,535	1,250	1,280
Car, truck, van - as a driver	33,595	17,630	15,960	2,090	1,010	1,080
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,320	615	710	220	135	85
Public transit	2,295	940	1,360	55	30	25
Walked	1,795	770	1,025	140	55	90
Bicycle	450	315	135	10	10	0
Other method	295	135	160	25	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	39,750	20,400	19,350	2,535	1,250	1,280
Less than 15 minutes	15,315	6,840	8,475	1,435	650	785
15 to 29 minutes	9,900	4,905	5,000	760	380	380
30 to 44 minutes	6,885	4,180	2,710	155	95	60
45 to 59 minutes	4,085	2,495	1,590	35	20	15
60 minutes and over	3,560	1,990	1,570	150	100	50
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	39,755	20,400	19,350	2,535	1,255	1,285
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,745	2,905	845	105	75	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,140	5,040	3,095	455	280	175
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,815	5,360	6,460	725	390	335
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,110	2,285	3,825	640	255	390
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,180	1,085	2,095	250	80	170
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,760	3,730	3,025	360	180	175
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	47,100	24,130	22,970	3,205	1,615	1,595
Single responses	45,205	23,085	22,125	3,190	1,600	1,585
Official languages	45,185	23,080	22,105	3,190	1,595	1,585
English	1,660	975	685	3,180	1,590	1,590
French	43,520	22,100	21,425	10	10	0
Non-official languages	25	10	20	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	10	20	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,895	1,050	845	15	15	10
English and French	1,845	1,015	830	15	10	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	25	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	47,100	24,130	22,970	3,205	1,615	1,590
None	33,845	16,840	17,000	3,110	1,555	1,555
English	11,715	6,450	5,265	10	0	0
French	1,330	750	585	75	50	30
Non-official language	145	70	75	15	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	145	70	75	15	10	0
English and French	0	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	15	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	81,295	39,835	41,460	5,945	2,785	3,165
Non-movers	70,805	34,700	36,105	5,135	2,415	2,720
Movers	10,490	5,135	5,355	810	370	440
Non-migrants	7,100	3,385	3,720	285	125	165
Migrants	3,385	1,755	1,635	525	245	275
Internal migrants	3,210	1,655	1,555	500	240	260
Intraprovincial migrants	2,995	1,540	1,460	400	195	205
Interprovincial migrants	215	115	95	100	45	55
External migrants	175	95	80	25	0	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	77,590	37,955	39,630	5,725	2,675	3,050
Non-movers	47,855	23,455	24,395	3,380	1,590	1,785
Movers	29,730	14,495	15,235	2,350	1,090	1,260
Non-migrants	19,445	9,415	10,025	1,030	465	560
Migrants	10,290	5,080	5,215	1,320	620	700
Internal migrants	9,850	4,840	5,005	1,240	590	650
Intraprovincial migrants	9,400	4,585	4,815	930	420	505
Interprovincial migrants	445	250	190	310	160	150
External migrants	445	240	205	85	35	50

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec and Kentville, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec and Kentville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec and Kentville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec and Kentville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia