Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cape Breton - Sydney [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Chibougamau, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cape Breton - Sydney Nova Scotia [Population centre]			Chibougamau, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Cape Breton - Sydney [Population centre], Nova Scotia Map : Cape Breton - Sydney [Population centre], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Chibougamau, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	29,904	...	...	7,504	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	30,175 ^r	...	...	7,541	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.9	...	...	-0.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	14,460	...	...	3,538	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	13,415	...	...	3,256	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,016.0	...	...	10.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	29.43	...	...	698.13	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	29,910	13,825	16,085	7,505	3,860	3,650
0 to 14 years	4,170	2,140	2,030	1,360	690	665
0 to 4 years	1,300	670	630	460	240	220
5 to 9 years	1,415	730	685	455	225	235
10 to 14 years	1,455	735	715	445	230	220
15 to 64 years	18,785	8,810	9,975	5,105	2,675	2,430
15 to 19 years	1,570	780	790	440	225	215
20 to 24 years	1,795	885	910	505	270	235
25 to 29 years	1,700	815	880	465	255	215
30 to 34 years	1,565	735	830	495	255	235
35 to 39 years	1,555	690	865	510	260	250
40 to 44 years	1,655	760	890	470	235	240
45 to 49 years	1,835	860	975	495	230	260
50 to 54 years	2,210	990	1,220	645	340	305
55 to 59 years	2,555	1,150	1,405	650	355	290
60 to 64 years	2,350	1,140	1,205	430	235	195
65 years and over	6,950	2,870	4,080	1,040	490	545
65 to 69 years	2,145	975	1,165	325	165	160
70 to 74 years	1,575	715	860	275	125	145
75 to 79 years	1,225	530	695	210	105	105
80 to 84 years	915	340	575	155	65	90
85 years and over	1,085	305	780	80	35	40
85 to 89 years	645	200	445	60	25	30
90 to 94 years	330	85	240	20	5	10
95 to 99 years	85	15	65	0	0	0
100 years and over	25	0	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.9	15.5	12.6	18.1	17.9	18.2
15 to 64 years	62.8	63.7	62.0	68.0	69.3	66.6
65 years and over	23.2	20.8	25.4	13.9	12.7	14.9
85 years and over	3.6	2.2	4.8	1.1	0.9	1.1
Average age of the population	45.1	43.3	46.7	39.5	39.2	39.8
Median age of the population	47.6	45.6	49.4	39.8	39.4	40.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	13,415	...	...	3,255	...	...
Single-detached house	8,675	...	...	1,585	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	210	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,440	...	...	1,185	...	...
Semi-detached house	840	...	...	160	...	...
Row house	340	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	850	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,390	...	...	780	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	85	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	13,415	...	...	3,255	...	...
1 person	4,735	...	...	985	...	...
2 persons	4,695	...	...	1,210	...	...
3 persons	2,020	...	...	505	...	...
4 persons	1,290	...	...	390	...	...
5 or more persons	670	...	...	175	...	...
Number of persons in private households	28,990	...	...	7,385	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	25,740	11,680	14,055	6,145	3,165	2,975
Married or living common law	12,515	6,260	6,260	3,850	1,915	1,935
Married	10,250	5,120	5,130	1,925	960	970
Living common law	2,265	1,135	1,125	1,920	955	965
Not married and not living common law	13,220	5,420	7,800	2,295	1,255	1,045
Never married	7,885	3,905	3,975	1,615	970	640
Separated	940	345	600	65	35	30
Divorced	1,975	725	1,255	320	165	160
Widowed	2,425	450	1,975	290	75	210
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,345	...	...	2,220	...	...
2 persons	4,800	...	...	1,190	...	...
3 persons	1,930	...	...	485	...	...
4 persons	1,155	...	...	380	...	...
5 or more persons	460	...	...	160	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,345	...	...	2,220	...	...
Total couple families	6,105	...	...	1,890	...	...
Married couples	4,970	...	...	930	...	...
Common-law couples	1,135	...	...	960	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,240	...	...	325	...	...
Female parent	1,895	...	...	225	...	...
Male parent	345	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	6,105	...	...	1,895	...	...
Couples without children	3,410	...	...	1,005	...	...
Couples with children	2,695	...	...	890	...	...
1 child	1,325	...	...	390	...	...
2 children	975	...	...	350	...	...
3 or more children	395	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,245	...	...	325	...	...
1 child	1,390	...	...	185	...	...
2 children	610	...	...	100	...	...
3 or more children	245	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,535	2,780	3,755	1,195	725	475
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	13,415	...	...	3,255	...	...
One-census-family households	7,960	...	...	2,200	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,280	...	...	1,000	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,680	...	...	1,205	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	190	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,265	...	...	1,050	...	...
One-person households	4,735	...	...	980	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	535	...	...	65	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	29,100	13,525	15,575	7,455	3,840	3,620
English only	27,325	12,795	14,530	120	60	60
French only	15	10	5	5,410	2,675	2,735
English and French	1,730	705	1,020	1,920	1,105	815
Neither English nor French	35	15	15	5	5	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	29,095	13,525	15,575	7,460	3,835	3,620
English	28,720	13,355	15,365	265	130	135
French	315	140	175	7,150	3,695	3,460
English and French	35	20	15	30	15	20
Neither English nor French	30	10	15	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	330	150	185	285	140	150
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.1	1.2	3.8	3.7	4.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	29,100	13,525	15,575	7,455	3,835	3,620
Single responses	28,855	13,420	15,440	7,405	3,815	3,595
Official languages	27,725	12,850	14,880	7,235	3,740	3,500
English	27,370	12,695	14,675	180	90	90
French	360	155	205	7,055	3,645	3,410
Non-official languages	1,130	565	565	165	75	90
Aboriginal languages	230	90	140	95	40	55
Algonquian languages	230	95	135	95	40	55
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	15	5	5
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	45
Eastern Algonquian languages	225	95	135	0	0	0
Malecite	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	225	90	130	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	900	475	425	70	35	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	75	30	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	75	30	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	105	75	30	20	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	25	30	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	345	160	180	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	25	45	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	20	40	10	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	5	15	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	20	30	5	5	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	130	80	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	125	75	45	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	50	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	20	30	10	5	5
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	15	0	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	5	15	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	10	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	310	175	135	5	5	5
Chinese languages	305	175	135	5	0	5
Cantonese	35	20	15	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	235	130	105	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	110	135	55	25	30
English and French	75	30	50	25	15	10
English and non-official language	155	75	85	15	5	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	29,100	13,525	15,575	7,455	3,840	3,620
Single responses	28,850	13,410	15,440	7,365	3,795	3,570
Official languages	28,265	13,090	15,175	7,300	3,770	3,530
English	28,145	13,040	15,105	150	75	80
French	120	55	65	7,145	3,695	3,455
Non-official languages	585	320	270	70	30	40
Aboriginal languages	95	45	50	50	25	35
Algonquian languages	95	45	50	50	20	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	50	20	35
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	100	45	50	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	95	45	50	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	490	270	215	15	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	45	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	45	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	45	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	135	70	65	5	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	80	45	30	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	60	35	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	230	125	105	5	0	5
Chinese languages	225	125	105	5	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	100	85	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	115	135	95	40	50
English and French	40	20	20	30	10	15
English and non-official language	210	100	110	40	20	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	29,100	13,525	15,575	7,455	3,840	3,620
None	27,880	12,955	14,930	6,980	3,570	3,405
English	335	175	160	340	195	140
French	345	140	205	55	25	25
Non-official language	525	250	275	70	35	35
Aboriginal	230	105	120	35	20	20
Non-Aboriginal	295	145	150	30	20	15
English and French	5	5	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	5	5	0	10	0	5
French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	24,820	11,355	13,470	6,025	3,120	2,910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,900	10,885	13,020	5,905	3,075	2,830
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,063	32,732	26,217	39,251	47,440	30,464
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,905	10,880	13,025	5,905	3,070	2,835
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,702	29,512	24,423	34,670	41,037	27,868
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,805	9,240	10,560	5,395	2,855	2,535
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,832	29,733	23,088	35,107	46,272	25,728
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,395	8,380	11,010	4,135	1,940	2,195
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,278	9,419	9,211	7,304	6,780	7,646
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,445	7,305	8,135	4,685	2,525	2,165
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,240	30,098	24,659	39,541	50,219	28,752
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	24,845	11,370	13,475	6,025	3,120	2,905
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,915	10,855	13,060	5,915	3,085	2,830
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,704	41,133	33,020	45,702	53,215	37,506
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,915	10,855	13,060	5,915	3,085	2,825
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,113	34,166	28,573	37,913	43,107	32,246
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,695	9,200	10,495	5,420	2,890	2,535
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,864	39,501	30,799	42,703	50,327	34,011
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,425	8,470	10,955	4,085	1,940	2,145
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,844	9,837	9,849	9,519	9,752	9,309
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,410	7,280	8,130	4,685	2,530	2,155
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,454	39,717	31,635	44,615	52,451	35,391
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	24,850	11,370	13,475	6,025	3,120	2,905
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,440	3,020	3,420	2,030	1,155	875
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,729	48,960	42,524	55,378	60,950	48,466
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,938	56,723	49,591	58,428	64,793	50,048
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.9	82.4	75.2	85.8	88.5	81.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.4	65.1	59.6	77.5	80.2	73.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.1	17.7	24.8	14.3	11.6	18.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	24,825	11,355	13,465	6,025	3,120	2,905
Without total income	925	475	450	120	45	75
With total income	23,900	10,880	13,020	5,900	3,070	2,830
Percentage with total income	96.3	95.8	96.7	97.9	98.4	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,440	1,535	1,900	635	240	395
$10,000 to $19,999	4,725	1,775	2,945	885	320	570
$20,000 to $29,999	4,135	1,685	2,450	795	365	425
$30,000 to $39,999	3,345	1,500	1,845	685	315	365
$40,000 to $49,999	2,455	1,115	1,335	655	375	280
$50,000 to $59,999	1,730	905	825	580	320	265
$60,000 to $69,999	1,090	630	460	525	330	190
$70,000 to $79,999	865	470	390	355	240	115
$80,000 to $89,999	700	335	360	265	170	90
$90,000 to $99,999	445	255	190	165	115	50
$100,000 and over	975	670	310	355	275	80
$100,000 to $149,999	715	455	260	265	210	60
$150,000 and over	260	210	50	95	65	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	24,825	11,355	13,465	6,025	3,120	2,905
Without after-tax income	920	475	445	120	45	70
With after-tax income	23,905	10,885	13,025	5,905	3,075	2,835
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	95.9	96.7	98.0	98.6	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,535	1,560	1,980	650	240	410
$10,000 to $19,999	4,995	1,915	3,080	925	335	595
$20,000 to $29,999	4,930	2,070	2,860	970	440	530
$30,000 to $39,999	3,920	1,750	2,170	870	460	410
$40,000 to $49,999	2,535	1,295	1,245	875	505	370
$50,000 to $59,999	1,500	860	640	680	445	230
$60,000 to $69,999	1,045	525	520	430	285	150
$70,000 to $79,999	610	355	255	220	155	70
$80,000 and over	825	555	270	285	210	75
$80,000 to $89,999	325	185	135	120	90	25
$90,000 to $99,999	155	105	55	55	45	10
$100,000 and over	345	265	80	115	75	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	24,825	11,355	13,470	6,025	3,120	2,905
Without employment income	9,385	4,050	5,335	1,340	595	740
With employment income	15,445	7,305	8,135	4,690	2,520	2,165
Percentage with employment income	62.2	64.3	60.4	77.8	80.8	74.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,070	880	1,185	460	230	225
$5,000 to $9,999	1,490	655	835	380	125	260
$10,000 to $19,999	2,515	1,115	1,395	580	230	355
$20,000 to $29,999	2,205	990	1,215	500	225	275
$30,000 to $39,999	1,800	795	1,010	445	210	230
$40,000 to $49,999	1,420	615	805	450	235	215
$50,000 to $59,999	1,070	560	510	490	280	210
$60,000 to $69,999	720	425	295	425	285	135
$70,000 to $79,999	605	315	290	320	225	95
$80,000 and over	1,555	955	600	645	480	165
$80,000 to $89,999	550	255	290	210	150	60
$90,000 to $99,999	340	205	135	140	105	35
$100,000 and over	665	485	175	295	230	65
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	13,415	...	...	3,260	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	50,638	...	...	71,899	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,525	...	...	60,971	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,735	...	...	980	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,336	...	...	35,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,547	...	...	31,136	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	8,680	...	...	2,275	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,694	...	...	89,365	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,062	...	...	75,831	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	13,435	...	...	3,255	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,328	...	...	83,031	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,377	...	...	68,879	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,740	...	...	980	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,030	...	...	40,242	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,244	...	...	33,924	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	8,700	...	...	2,280	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,376	...	...	101,463	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,611	...	...	83,936	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	13,415	...	...	3,255	...	...
Under $5,000	235	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	365	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	630	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	890	...	...	125	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	900	...	...	165	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	740	...	...	90	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	785	...	...	150	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	775	...	...	160	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	705	...	...	135	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	605	...	...	135	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,050	...	...	250	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	910	...	...	235	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	805	...	...	265	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	720	...	...	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	570	...	...	180	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,715	...	...	1,010	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,075	...	...	385	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	650	...	...	250	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	635	...	...	250	...	...
$200,000 and over	360	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,415	...	...	3,255	...	...
Under $5,000	240	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	375	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	640	...	...	95	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	935	...	...	125	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,020	...	...	180	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	860	...	...	120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	930	...	...	180	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	875	...	...	185	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	780	...	...	170	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	675	...	...	185	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,240	...	...	320	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,035	...	...	325	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	845	...	...	255	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	710	...	...	215	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	520	...	...	210	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,755	...	...	640	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	920	...	...	345	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	405	...	...	150	...	...
$150,000 and over	425	...	...	145	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,310	...	...	2,220	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,044	...	...	89,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,321	...	...	76,160	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,190	...	...	980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,621	...	...	75,947	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,137	...	...	66,765	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,750	...	...	885	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,022	...	...	119,706	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,552	...	...	98,611	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,105	...	...	320	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,136	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,789	...	...	51,328	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,285	...	...	2,225	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,067	...	...	101,911	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,131	...	...	84,213	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,235	...	...	975	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,645	...	...	92,150	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,755	...	...	75,919	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,715	...	...	890	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,406	...	...	127,496	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,034	...	...	104,732	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,145	...	...	320	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,830	...	...	63,289	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,644	...	...	53,992	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,850	2,525	3,325	1,130	690	435
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,742	25,067	24,562	34,125	41,472	24,992
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,560	23,406	23,686	30,656	35,648	24,000
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,895	2,555	3,335	1,110	680	430
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,198	32,757	31,770	39,203	44,543	30,793
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,691	27,882	27,544	33,179	36,799	27,479
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	28,990	13,495	15,495	7,380	3,810	3,575
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,870	8,050	9,825	3,415	1,705	1,710
In the bottom decile	4,310	2,015	2,295	425	215	205
In the second decile	4,060	1,675	2,385	585	275	315
In the third decile	3,540	1,595	1,945	770	385	390
In the fourth decile	3,105	1,420	1,680	750	370	380
In the fifth decile	2,865	1,340	1,525	880	460	420
In the top half of the distribution	11,115	5,450	5,670	3,975	2,110	1,865
In the sixth decile	2,775	1,340	1,435	955	500	455
In the seventh decile	2,600	1,295	1,305	905	490	410
In the eighth decile	2,470	1,170	1,295	930	485	445
In the ninth decile	1,970	980	985	730	385	340
In the top decile	1,310	660	650	460	240	215
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	27,975	13,000	14,970	7,385	3,815	3,575
0 to 17 years	4,730	2,410	2,320	1,610	815	790
0 to 5 years	1,435	740	690	545	285	260
18 to 64 years	17,020	7,950	9,075	4,830	2,530	2,300
65 years and over	6,225	2,650	3,575	950	465	485
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,935	2,595	3,340	720	330	385
0 to 17 years	1,415	745	665	150	85	70
0 to 5 years	510	280	230	50	25	20
18 to 64 years	3,290	1,450	1,845	400	205	195
65 years and over	1,230	395	835	170	50	120
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.2	20.0	22.3	9.7	8.7	10.8
0 to 17 years (%)	29.9	30.9	28.7	9.3	10.4	8.9
0 to 5 years (%)	35.5	37.8	33.3	9.2	8.8	7.7
18 to 64 years (%)	19.3	18.2	20.3	8.3	8.1	8.5
65 years and over (%)	19.8	14.9	23.4	17.9	10.8	24.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,755	1,360	1,395	275	140	130
0 to 17 years	650	350	295	50	25	25
0 to 5 years	255	140	115	15	10	10
18 to 64 years	1,995	970	1,030	210	120	95
65 years and over	110	40	70	10	0	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.8	10.5	9.3	3.7	3.7	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	13.7	14.5	12.7	3.1	3.1	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	18.9	16.7	2.8	3.5	3.8
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	12.2	11.3	4.3	4.7	4.1
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.5	2.0	1.1	0.0	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	28,910	13,465	15,450	7,380	3,815	3,575
Official languages	28,895	13,455	15,445	7,385	3,810	3,570
English	28,880	13,445	15,435	2,050	1,190	860
French	1,585	665	920	7,285	3,760	3,525
Non-official languages	1,580	770	810	370	180	190
Aboriginal languages	450	210	240	195	90	110
Algonquian languages	450	210	240	195	90	110
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	195	85	105
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	25	20	10
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	10	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	150	50	95
Eastern Algonquian languages	450	210	235	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	445	205	235	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,135	560	570	185	100	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	60	75	30	10	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125	55	70	30	15	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	120	55	65	30	10	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	105	50	55	20	15	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	20	15	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	50	55	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	460	240	225	105	55	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	35	45	20	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	35	50	25	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	20	15	10	10
Russian	10	0	0	15	0	10
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	55	30	25	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	125	60	60	25	10	15
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	45	45	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	65	35	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	100	65	35	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	70	35	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	50	60	40	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	70	30	40	55	40	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	0	15	15	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	355	175	175	0	0	0
Chinese languages	355	175	175	10	10	0
Cantonese	60	25	35	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	285	145	140	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	28,910	13,465	15,450	7,380	3,810	3,570
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	28,160	13,090	15,075	7,335	3,795	3,540
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,900	2,540	2,365	1,605	825	785
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	23,265	10,550	12,710	5,730	2,970	2,755
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	750	380	375	50	15	35
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	28,915	13,465	15,450	7,380	3,810	3,575
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	27,675	12,820	14,855	7,240	3,755	3,480
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	775	420	355	140	50	85
Before 1981	340	175	165	10	10	0
1981 to 1990	55	40	15	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	60	25	35	20	10	15
2001 to 2010	135	70	60	65	25	40
2001 to 2005	65	30	30	25	10	15
2006 to 2010	70	40	30	40	15	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	190	110	80	25	10	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	465	225	240	10	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	770	420	350	135	50	85
Under 5 years	115	75	35	50	20	35
5 to 14 years	170	105	60	20	0	0
15 to 24 years	135	60	85	10	10	10
25 to 44 years	305	150	155	55	20	35
45 years and over	55	35	15	0	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	775	425	355	135	50	85
Americas	125	55	75	25	10	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	105	45	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	315	185	135	40	20	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	10	0	0	0	0
France	20	0	15	15	0	10
Germany	50	30	15	0	0	0
Greece	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	15	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0	0	0
Poland	15	10	10	10	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	130	85	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15	10	0	10
Africa	75	40	40	50	20	30
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	20	40	25	15
Asia	245	135	110	20	0	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	60	40	20	20	0	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	65	40	25	0	0	0
Philippines	60	25	35	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	190	105	80	25	0	20
Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	20	10	25	10	15
France	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	10	0	0
Africa	30	10	15	10	0	0
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	125	70	55	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	50	20	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	28,915	13,460	15,450	7,385	3,815	3,570
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,310	680	630	145	55	90
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,720	800	920	110	75	35
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	25,885	11,985	13,900	7,125	3,675	3,450
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	440	250	190	130	50	80
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	285	170	110	75	35	40
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	135	100	35	25	20	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	150	75	80	45	10	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	115	50	65	45	10	40
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	35	25	10	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	28,910	13,465	15,450	7,385	3,810	3,575
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,160	1,060	1,095	525	275	245
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,120	1,045	1,075	510	265	245
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,560	795	760	305	145	155
Métis	545	240	305	205	115	95
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	26,755	12,405	14,350	6,860	3,535	3,330
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	28,915	13,465	15,445	7,385	3,810	3,570
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,390	700	690	315	165	155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	27,525	12,765	14,765	7,065	3,645	3,420
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	28,915	13,465	15,450	7,385	3,810	3,575
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,030	520	510	330	160	165
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,020	510	510	315	150	165
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	950	465	485	255	120	135
Métis single ancestry	70	45	20	65	35	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,590	740	845	335	195	140
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,550	725	830	325	185	140
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	960	495	460	275	165	110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	525	195	330	45	20	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	25	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	35	20	15	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	20	15	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	26,295	12,205	14,090	6,720	3,455	3,265
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	28,915	13,465	15,450	7,385	3,810	3,575
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,480	785	695	130	65	65
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	145	95	50	0	0	0
Chinese	365	190	180	20	0	20
Black	645	335	310	40	20	20
Filipino	100	55	50	0	0	0
Latin American	25	10	10	15	10	0
Arab	160	90	70	30	10	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	27,430	12,675	14,760	7,255	3,745	3,510
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	28,910	13,465	15,445	7,380	3,810	3,575
North American Aboriginal origins	2,620	1,260	1,355	660	355	310
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,960	990	960	555	300	250
Inuit	75	30	45	10	0	0
Métis	635	265	365	125	70	55
Other North American origins	10,885	4,960	5,925	5,960	3,055	2,905
Acadian	420	190	225	30	10	20
American	75	45	30	35	10	20
Canadian	10,375	4,750	5,625	5,825	2,990	2,830
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	110	30	75	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	140	80	60
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	21,130	9,790	11,345	1,910	1,045	870
British Isles origins	18,395	8,460	9,930	335	175	165
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,755	2,875	3,880	65	20	45
Irish	6,930	3,240	3,685	200	105	95
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	12,250	5,675	6,570	135	70	70
Welsh	525	255	270	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	310	125	180	0	0	0
French origins	5,310	2,450	2,860	1,660	905	755
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,315	2,450	2,860	1,660	910	755
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,550	725	825	90	50	40
Austrian	20	10	10	0	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	70	25	40	0	10	0
Dutch	450	215	235	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,095	520	575	45	25	25
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	25	15	10	30	15	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	305	115	185	10	10	0
Danish	75	30	40	15	0	10
Finnish	60	15	40	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	90	40	55	10	0	0
Swedish	75	20	55	15	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,660	770	890	65	35	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	60	25	35	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	85	70	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	900	390	500	45	25	20
Romanian	35	15	25	0	10	0
Russian	90	30	60	10	0	10
Slovak	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	510	255	250	10	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,475	710	765	70	50	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	40	55	20	15	0
Italian	1,065	530	535	35	20	20
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	30	10	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	80	45	35	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	205	85	120	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	55	25	35	10	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	20	25	10	0	0
Caribbean origins	190	95	100	15	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	50	40	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	40	10	30	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	85	45	45	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	30	20	10	15	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	470	245	225	90	50	40
Central and West African origins	75	40	35	20	15	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	20	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	20	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	30	20	10	30	10	20
Algerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	15	10	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	20	0	20	30	25	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	20	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	355	175	175	15	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	320	150	165	10	0	15
Asian origins	1,445	780	665	25	0	30
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	750	405	340	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	100	45	55	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	40	0	30	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	575	310	265	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Syrian	85	65	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	145	90	55	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	95	60	35	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	25	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	550	285	265	20	0	25
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	405	210	190	20	0	25
Filipino	110	55	55	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	13,440	...	...	3,255	...	...
Owner	8,165	...	...	2,255	...	...
Renter	5,115	...	...	1,000	...	...
Band housing	160	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	13,440	...	...	3,255	...	...
Condominium	220	...	...	150	...	...
Not condominium	13,220	...	...	3,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	13,435	...	...	3,260	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	1,765	...	...	310	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,475	...	...	910	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,360	...	...	1,180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,815	...	...	840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	13,435	...	...	3,255	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,225	...	...	850	...	...
5 rooms	2,215	...	...	660	...	...
6 rooms	2,135	...	...	510	...	...
7 rooms	2,060	...	...	390	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,800	...	...	855	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	13,435	...	...	3,255	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,395	...	...	3,250	...	...
More than 1 person per room	45	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	13,440	...	...	3,255	...	...
Suitable	13,050	...	...	3,230	...	...
Not suitable	390	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	13,435	...	...	3,255	...	...
1960 or before	5,720	...	...	590	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,365	...	...	1,775	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,375	...	...	400	...	...
1991 to 2000	860	...	...	220	...	...
2001 to 2005	335	...	...	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	385	...	...	120	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	395	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	13,440	...	...	3,255	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	12,180	...	...	3,040	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,255	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	13,440	...	...	3,255	...	...
1 household maintainer	9,015	...	...	2,000	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,135	...	...	1,245	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	285	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	13,440	...	...	3,255	...	...
15 to 24 years	410	...	...	185	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,535	...	...	520	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,805	...	...	570	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,315	...	...	695	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,970	...	...	685	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,390	...	...	340	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,425	...	...	225	...	...
85 years and over	600	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	13,075	...	...	3,255	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,690	...	...	2,845	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,380	...	...	415	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,980	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,990	...	...	2,255	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.3	...	...	61.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.2	...	...	7.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	800	...	...	988	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	914	...	...	1,029	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,925	...	...	180,196	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	165,663	...	...	191,202	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,100	...	...	1,000	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	25.0	...	...	21.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.7	...	...	23.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	751	...	...	561	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	784	...	...	600	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	24,850	11,375	13,475	6,025	3,115	2,905
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,040	2,350	2,685	1,535	820	710
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,830	3,060	3,775	1,090	520	575
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,980	5,960	7,020	3,395	1,780	1,620
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,580	1,880	700	1,455	990	465
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,415	860	555	1,080	695	390
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,170	1,020	145	370	295	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,920	1,780	3,140	1,085	465	620
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	750	290	460	210	50	160
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,725	2,015	2,710	650	270	380
Bachelor's degree	3,190	1,330	1,860	470	195	275
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	405	170	235	55	25	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	175	105	75	25	10	15
Master's degree	780	315	470	100	40	60
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	170	95	75	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	15,180	6,995	8,185	4,085	2,110	1,970
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,740	925	815	735	385	350
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,880	1,780	2,095	635	290	345
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,565	4,295	5,270	2,715	1,435	1,275
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,735	1,265	470	1,180	790	390
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	995	610	385	900	565	330
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	740	650	85	280	220	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,665	1,345	2,315	810	360	450
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	515	205	310	160	50	110
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,645	1,470	2,175	565	240	320
Bachelor's degree	2,490	1,000	1,490	405	185	220
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	95	155	45	15	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	70	70	25	10	15
Master's degree	635	240	395	90	30	55
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	130	75	60	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	24,850	11,370	13,480	6,025	3,120	2,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,870	5,410	6,460	2,630	1,345	1,290
Education	1,195	335	860	300	60	240
13. Education	1,190	335	855	295	60	235
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	210	110	105	35	10	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	35	15	15	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	155	70	90	20	10	10
Humanities	585	275	305	100	25	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	15	0	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	145	65	80	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	230	85	145	75	0	65
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	10	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	35	15	0	10	0
54. History	100	65	40	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	10	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,315	400	915	180	35	140
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	40	50	20	15	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	405	95	305	75	0	70
22. Legal professions and studies	245	75	170	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	10	0	10
42. Psychology	270	65	205	35	10	30
45. Social sciences	270	110	160	30	10	20
Business, management and public administration	2,640	755	1,885	595	125	465
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	225	30	195	55	10	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,415	720	1,695	540	120	420
Physical and life sciences and technologies	290	130	160	100	55	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	55	60	15	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	30	65	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	40	25	20
40. Physical sciences	55	35	20	35	20	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	375	175	200	50	50	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	305	155	150	40	40	0
25. Library science	35	0	30	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,825	2,675	145	915	880	30
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	25	20	0
14. Engineering	320	285	35	65	55	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	520	480	35	240	230	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	925	880	40	165	165	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	680	655	20	265	260	10
48. Precision production	370	355	10	155	155	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	70	60	210	180	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	20	35	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	50	25	200	180	20
Health and related fields	2,395	425	1,980	510	95	415
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	25	15	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,285	345	1,940	495	80	410
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	45	20	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,030	625	405	410	260	150
12. Personal and culinary services	545	190	355	180	55	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	145	115	30	75	65	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	310	290	20	155	145	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	15,180	6,995	8,180	4,085	2,115	1,970
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,615	2,700	2,910	1,370	675	695
Education	770	210	565	200	50	145
13. Education	770	205	560	195	50	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	155	85	70	25	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	10	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	115	60	60	10	0	10
Humanities	395	185	210	40	15	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	0	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	95	50	50	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	65	110	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	10	10	0	0
54. History	75	40	35	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,085	305	780	155	35	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	35	30	20	15	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	330	80	250	60	10	55
22. Legal professions and studies	205	50	155	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	225	45	180	30	10	25
45. Social sciences	230	85	150	30	10	25
Business, management and public administration	1,945	545	1,400	525	105	425
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	25	170	55	0	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,745	520	1,235	480	95	385
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	90	145	55	25	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	35	55	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	15	55	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	35	15	25	10	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	145	180	50	45	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	270	130	135	40	40	0
25. Library science	35	10	25	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	15	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,980	1,880	100	755	725	35
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	0	20	15	10
14. Engineering	230	215	20	60	45	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	390	365	25	200	185	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	640	615	30	130	125	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	490	470	15	220	210	10
48. Precision production	220	210	10	130	130	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	55	50	185	155	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	20	25	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	40	20	175	155	20
Health and related fields	1,800	335	1,470	410	80	335
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	20	15	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,715	285	1,430	400	65	335
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	30	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	765	465	300	310	205	105
12. Personal and culinary services	400	140	260	135	40	95
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	110	90	25	55	55	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	240	225	15	120	105	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	24,850	11,370	13,480	6,025	3,115	2,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,870	5,410	6,455	2,630	1,340	1,290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,980	5,960	7,020	3,400	1,775	1,620
Location of study inside Canada	12,405	5,695	6,710	3,355	1,760	1,600
Same as province or territory of residence	10,860	4,935	5,920	3,295	1,735	1,560
Different than province or territory of residence	1,545	755	790	60	20	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	570	265	310	40	20	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	180	75	100	0	0	0
Philippines	60	25	35	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	25	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	125	50	70	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	20	0	10
Other	145	60	85	20	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	15,175	6,995	8,185	4,080	2,110	1,970
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,615	2,700	2,915	1,370	675	695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,560	4,290	5,270	2,715	1,435	1,280
Location of study inside Canada	9,200	4,125	5,075	2,675	1,415	1,260
Same as province or territory of residence	8,015	3,565	4,450	2,635	1,405	1,230
Different than province or territory of residence	1,185	565	620	40	10	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	360	165	200	40	20	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	110	45	65	0	0	0
Philippines	65	30	35	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	55	30	25	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other	105	50	55	20	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	24,850	11,370	13,480	6,025	3,120	2,905
In the labour force	13,725	6,645	7,085	4,345	2,335	2,010
Employed	11,670	5,365	6,300	4,045	2,120	1,925
Unemployed	2,060	1,275	780	300	210	90
Not in the labour force	11,120	4,725	6,390	1,680	790	895
Participation rate	55.2	58.4	52.6	72.1	74.8	69.2
Employment rate	47.0	47.2	46.7	67.1	67.9	66.3
Unemployment rate	15.0	19.2	11.0	6.9	9.0	4.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	24,850	11,375	13,480	6,025	3,120	2,905
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,510	4,430	6,085	1,495	645	845
Worked	14,335	6,945	7,390	4,530	2,470	2,060
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,610	3,165	3,445	2,035	1,155	880
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,725	3,780	3,950	2,495	1,315	1,180
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.2	39.1	41.3	41.6	41.5	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	13,725	6,640	7,085	4,345	2,330	2,015
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	455	255	195	30	15	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	13,275	6,385	6,885	4,315	2,315	2,000
Employee	12,510	5,885	6,630	3,935	2,105	1,830
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	765	505	260	380	205	170
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	13,730	6,640	7,085	4,345	2,330	2,015
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	450	255	195	30	15	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	13,270	6,390	6,885	4,320	2,315	2,000
0 Management occupations	995	600	395	335	180	155
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,055	535	1,515	525	135	395
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	505	430	80	235	195	40
3 Health occupations	1,295	300	995	405	75	330
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,915	675	1,245	595	165	430
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	360	160	200	60	10	45
6 Sales and service occupations	3,860	1,560	2,295	935	395	535
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,715	1,625	90	760	720	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	340	305	30	155	150	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	235	200	35	320	295	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	13,725	6,640	7,085	4,345	2,330	2,010
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	455	255	195	25	20	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	13,275	6,390	6,890	4,315	2,320	2,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	120	100	25	155	135	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	190	170	20	250	210	40
22 Utilities	70	55	15	65	55	15
23 Construction	830	740	85	175	165	10
31-33 Manufacturing	390	315	70	610	540	70
41 Wholesale trade	220	155	65	55	50	10
44-45 Retail trade	2,010	815	1,195	565	295	270
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	470	370	105	145	110	40
51 Information and cultural industries	245	155	90	25	15	10
52 Finance and insurance	255	115	140	75	10	65
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	145	90	50	25	25	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	520	290	230	115	45	70
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	940	570	375	105	80	25
61 Educational services	1,240	420	820	315	95	220
62 Health care and social assistance	2,190	495	1,700	795	140	655
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	340	165	175	50	30	25
72 Accommodation and food services	1,330	545	785	275	90	190
81 Other services (except public administration)	465	225	240	195	80	115
91 Public administration	1,305	605	705	310	155	150
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	11,670	5,365	6,305	4,045	2,120	1,920
Worked at home	400	215	185	170	55	115
Worked outside Canada	15	10	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,160	830	330	250	205	40
Worked at usual place	10,095	4,315	5,785	3,630	1,865	1,765
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	10,100	4,315	5,780	3,630	1,865	1,765
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,370	3,880	5,490	3,080	1,465	1,610
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	345	155	185	440	325	115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	145	95	50	110	70	40
Commute to a different province or territory	235	180	55	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	11,255	5,140	6,110	3,875	2,070	1,805
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,975	4,185	4,790	2,925	1,560	1,360
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,150	370	780	175	85	90
Public transit	325	200	125	35	25	10
Walked	570	265	305	480	210	265
Bicycle	40	25	20	25	20	0
Other method	195	100	95	235	160	75
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	11,255	5,140	6,110	3,880	2,070	1,810
Less than 15 minutes	6,765	2,820	3,940	2,755	1,320	1,430
15 to 29 minutes	3,350	1,595	1,755	540	325	215
30 to 44 minutes	750	465	285	185	135	50
45 to 59 minutes	185	120	65	135	75	55
60 minutes and over	205	145	70	265	215	50
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	11,255	5,145	6,115	3,880	2,070	1,805
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	465	285	180	215	200	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,595	835	765	500	355	145
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,865	1,425	1,440	1,430	790	640
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,350	1,220	2,130	885	340	550
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,125	470	660	270	85	190
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,850	905	940	570	300	270
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	14,710	7,115	7,600	4,655	2,510	2,140
Single responses	14,590	7,055	7,530	4,450	2,420	2,030
Official languages	14,540	7,030	7,510	4,445	2,420	2,025
English	14,450	7,010	7,440	190	100	90
French	90	20	70	4,255	2,320	1,935
Non-official languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	30	20	10	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	20	10	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	35	25	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	125	55	65	205	95	110
English and French	85	35	55	185	85	100
English and non-official language	35	25	15	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	14,715	7,115	7,595	4,650	2,510	2,140
None	14,350	6,950	7,405	3,235	1,770	1,460
English	85	35	55	1,255	655	595
French	155	70	85	125	70	60
Non-official language	110	55	55	20	10	20
Aboriginal	75	35	40	25	10	20
Non-Aboriginal	35	20	10	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	28,645	13,315	15,330	7,295	3,775	3,520
Non-movers	25,480	11,875	13,605	6,425	3,340	3,085
Movers	3,165	1,440	1,720	865	435	435
Non-migrants	2,490	1,150	1,350	655	345	305
Migrants	670	295	380	215	90	130
Internal migrants	555	260	300	200	90	110
Intraprovincial migrants	270	115	150	195	80	110
Interprovincial migrants	290	140	150	10	10	0
External migrants	115	35	80	20	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	27,635	12,800	14,840	6,900	3,540	3,365
Non-movers	19,020	8,785	10,240	4,580	2,320	2,260
Movers	8,610	4,015	4,600	2,320	1,215	1,105
Non-migrants	6,540	2,990	3,550	1,605	860	750
Migrants	2,075	1,025	1,050	715	355	360
Internal migrants	1,505	725	780	675	340	335
Intraprovincial migrants	725	300	420	665	335	330
Interprovincial migrants	780	420	360	10	0	0
External migrants	570	300	265	40	15	25

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cape Breton - Sydney [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Chibougamau, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cape Breton - Sydney [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Chibougamau, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cape Breton - Sydney [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Chibougamau, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cape Breton - Sydney [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Chibougamau, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec