Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Whitchurch-Stouffville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Whitchurch-Stouffville, T Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Whitchurch-Stouffville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	45,837	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	37,628	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	21.8	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	15,712	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	15,355	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	222.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	206.22	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	45,845	22,435	23,405
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	9,315	4,745	4,565
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	3,220	1,680	1,545
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	3,190	1,585	1,605
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	2,900	1,480	1,415
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	29,205	14,335	14,875
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	2,610	1,340	1,275
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	2,285	1,200	1,085
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	2,085	1,025	1,060
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	3,095	1,420	1,670
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	3,505	1,620	1,885
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	3,520	1,810	1,710
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	3,270	1,625	1,645
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	3,260	1,615	1,645
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	2,985	1,455	1,530
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	2,590	1,220	1,370
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	7,320	3,355	3,965
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	2,395	1,120	1,280
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	1,740	840	900
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	1,270	610	660
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,000	450	550
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	915	340	575
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	585	235	350
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	245	90	155
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	75	15	60
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	5	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	20.3	21.1	19.5
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	63.7	63.9	63.6
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	16.0	15.0	16.9
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.0	1.5	2.5
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	39.6	38.7	40.4
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	40.0	39.6	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	15,355	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	11,720	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	105	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	3,525	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	810	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	1,550	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	405	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	750	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	15,355	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	2,320	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	4,650	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	2,890	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	3,435	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	2,060	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	45,345	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	3.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	36,525	17,690	18,840
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	24,430	12,180	12,250
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	22,345	11,140	11,205
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	2,085	1,040	1,045
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	12,100	5,505	6,590
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	8,070	4,320	3,750
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	780	295	485
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	1,470	560	915
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	1,775	330	1,450
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	13,420	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	5,455	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	3,070	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	3,575	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	1,315	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	13,420	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	11,975	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	10,935	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	1,045	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	1,440	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	1,125	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	11,975	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	4,625	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	7,350	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	2,615	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	3,445	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	1,285	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	1,440	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	825	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	455	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	4,035	1,670	2,360
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	15,355	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	12,185	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	4,065	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	8,120	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	605	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	2,565	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	2,320	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	245	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	45,430	22,315	23,115
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	41,145	20,535	20,610
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	10	5	10
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	3,080	1,290	1,795
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	1,195	490	705
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	45,430	22,320	23,115
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	43,565	21,535	22,030
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	425	180	245
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	260	115	140
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	1,180	480	695
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	560	240	320
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.2	1.1	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	45,435	22,320	23,115
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	44,045	21,640	22,410
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	30,110	14,970	15,135
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	29,700	14,805	14,900
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	405	165	240
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	13,940	6,670	7,270
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	0	0	0
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	0	0	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	13,940	6,670	7,265
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	390	195	190
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	0	0	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	390	195	190
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	5	0	0
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	355	180	180
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	15	10	10
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	5	5	5
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	120	55	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	15	5	5
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	110	50	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	530	200	330
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	5	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	15	5	10
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	15	5	10
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	25	10	10
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	25	15	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	5	0	5
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	440	165	285
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	0	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	2,020	1,005	1,015
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	10	5	5
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	85	40	50
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	1,880	940	945
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	45	20	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	5,710	2,775	2,930
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	45	20	25
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	150	70	80
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	970	445	525
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	30	10	15
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	15	10	10
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	5	0	5
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	940	435	505
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	5	0	5
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	15	5	10
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	30	15	15
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	35	15	20
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	295	140	155
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	170	85	85
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	255	115	145
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	35	15	20
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	0	0	0
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	25	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	15	10	10
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	50	20	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	5	5	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	0	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	545	260	290
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	5	5	0
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	15	10	10
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	115	60	60
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	0	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	400	185	215
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	0	0	5
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	5	5	0
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	445	215	225
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	1,565	770	795
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	1,235	600	635
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	25	10	15
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	325	165	165
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	140	70	70
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	5	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	10	0	5
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	225	115	115
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	35	20	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	60	30	35
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	400	180	215
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	320	165	150
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	5	0	5
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	35	20	15
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	280	145	135
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	1,985	990	995
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	1,225	640	580
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	225	110	120
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	150	60	95
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	370	180	195
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	40	15	25
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	145	70	75
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	25	10	15
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	0	0	0
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	0	0	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	5	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	0	0	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	5	0	5
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	5	5	0
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	4,665	2,210	2,455
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	4,665	2,210	2,455
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	2,995	1,435	1,560
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	75	30	40
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	1,445	670	770
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	70	35	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	65	30	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	5	0	0
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	25	10	20
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	10	0	10
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	40	25	20
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	5	5	5
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	20	10	10
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	5	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	195	90	110
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	25	15	15
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	50	20	35
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	120	55	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	5	0	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	1,380	675	705
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	115	55	65
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	1,215	595	620
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	40	15	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	45,430	22,320	23,115
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	42,455	20,855	21,605
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	35,385	17,475	17,905
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	35,225	17,410	17,815
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	160	65	90
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	7,075	3,375	3,695
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	7,075	3,375	3,695
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	125	55	70
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	125	60	65
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	120	60	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	5	5	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	5
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	35	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	5	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	170	75	90
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	0	0	0
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	5	5	5
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	10	5	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	15	10	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	5	5	5
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	130	55	75
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	1,300	620	680
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	40	25	20
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	1,235	590	645
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	25	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	1,770	825	940
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	15	5	10
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	40	15	15
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	295	140	150
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	295	140	150
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	10	5	5
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	0	0	0
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	10	5	5
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	70	35	35
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	40	25	15
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	135	60	65
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	65	35	35
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	0	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	10	5	5
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	55	30	30
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	115	50	65
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	750	355	400
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	565	265	300
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	5	0	0
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	170	80	90
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	60	30	30
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	5	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	110	50	60
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	35	20	25
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	165	75	90
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	175	85	95
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	0	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	155	70	85
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	490	225	265
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	235	110	130
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	30	10	15
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	65	25	40
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	165	80	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	90	50	45
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	0	0	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	5	5	0
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	3,490	1,680	1,805
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	3,485	1,680	1,805
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	2,230	1,080	1,150
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	40	20	20
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	1,125	540	580
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	35	15	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	45	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	10	5	5
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	5	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	15	5	10
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	10	0	5
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	5	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	50	25	30
Estonian	975	365	610	5	0	5
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	15	5	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	35	15	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	2,975	1,465	1,515
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	85	40	50
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	2,810	1,390	1,425
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	70	35	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	45,430	22,315	23,115
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	37,335	18,440	18,900
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	3,135	1,560	1,580
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	390	150	240
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	4,425	2,115	2,310
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	4,425	2,115	2,310
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	30	10	20
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	55	20	35
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	50	15	35
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	36,040	17,540	18,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	34,605	16,845	17,760
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	40,915	49,134	34,208
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	34,620	16,850	17,770
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	36,612	42,960	30,926
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	32,095	15,925	16,170
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	39,670	48,582	31,823
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	23,765	10,275	13,485
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	3,383	1,260	4,636
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	26,590	13,655	12,935
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	40,964	48,768	34,500
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	36,035	17,465	18,575
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	34,565	16,770	17,795
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	58,167	71,343	45,753
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	34,580	16,775	17,810
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	46,416	55,209	38,133
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	32,060	15,825	16,235
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	57,653	71,627	44,030
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	23,860	10,250	13,610
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,799	6,123	7,308
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	26,595	13,570	13,020
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	57,104	69,853	43,820
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	36,040	17,460	18,580
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	13,860	7,860	6,000
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	60,622	67,089	54,203
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	77,817	88,826	63,391
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	91.9	94.7	87.8
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	74.9	78.2	70.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	8.1	5.3	12.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	36,035	17,535	18,505
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	1,435	695	740
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	34,610	16,845	17,765
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.0	96.1	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	4,970	2,065	2,910
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	4,850	1,950	2,895
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	3,840	1,595	2,250
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	3,320	1,415	1,900
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	3,280	1,495	1,785
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	2,730	1,335	1,390
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	2,355	1,240	1,115
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	1,970	1,080	885
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	1,540	880	655
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,480	815	660
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	4,280	2,960	1,315
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	2,615	1,735	875
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	1,660	1,220	435
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	36,040	17,535	18,500
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	1,420	685	730
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	34,625	16,850	17,775
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.1	96.1	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	5,170	2,115	3,050
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	5,070	2,060	3,015
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	4,420	1,810	2,610
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	4,100	1,830	2,270
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	3,950	1,905	2,045
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	3,135	1,660	1,475
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	2,410	1,360	1,050
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	2,065	1,165	900
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	4,300	2,945	1,355
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	1,300	800	500
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	725	480	245
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	2,275	1,670	610
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	36,040	17,535	18,505
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	9,445	3,880	5,565
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	26,595	13,655	12,935
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	73.8	77.9	69.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	3,265	1,510	1,755
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	1,885	825	1,060
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	3,110	1,430	1,680
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	2,390	1,035	1,360
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	2,365	1,030	1,330
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	2,390	1,095	1,290
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	2,035	1,060	975
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	1,750	935	815
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	1,480	835	650
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	5,920	3,895	2,025
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	1,285	755	525
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	1,260	685	575
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	3,375	2,450	920
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	15,355	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	102,997	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	87,652	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	2,320	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	46,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	40,930	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	13,035	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	114,117	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	97,169	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	15,355	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	130,938	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	104,529	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	2,315	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	63,774	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	51,345	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	13,035	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	142,880	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	113,985	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	15,355	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	150	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	85	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	175	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	230	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	330	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	305	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	350	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	410	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	400	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	420	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	905	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	845	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	955	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	940	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	885	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	7,965	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	2,100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	1,710	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	2,080	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	2,065	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	15,355	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	165	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	95	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	180	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	370	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	330	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	410	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	465	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	530	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	555	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	1,085	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	1,120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	1,205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	1,180	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	1,045	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	6,380	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	2,340	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	1,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	2,505	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	12,905	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	113,414	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	96,622	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	3,945	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	100,864	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	85,478	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	7,365	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	128,589	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	108,632	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	1,265	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	74,354	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	64,051	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	12,905	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	142,279	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	113,391	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	3,975	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	136,698	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	106,706	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	7,340	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	156,001	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	124,435	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	1,250	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	82,632	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	70,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	2,970	1,310	1,660
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	42,709	45,952	40,218
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	37,790	40,269	36,114
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	2,970	1,295	1,680
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	58,515	61,197	56,446
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	47,542	48,895	46,498
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	45,345	22,280	23,065
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	16,015	7,665	8,350
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	2,340	1,145	1,195
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	2,890	1,325	1,565
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	3,240	1,550	1,695
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	3,510	1,695	1,820
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	4,030	1,955	2,080
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	29,325	14,615	14,715
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	4,375	2,175	2,195
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	5,195	2,515	2,680
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	5,875	2,875	3,000
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	6,605	3,345	3,265
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	7,275	3,700	3,575
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	45,345	22,275	23,070
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	10,875	5,550	5,330
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	3,860	2,005	1,855
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	27,555	13,475	14,085
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	6,910	3,255	3,655
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	3,735	1,800	1,935
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	1,035	535	500
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	335	180	160
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	2,195	1,065	1,125
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	510	195	310
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	8.2	8.1	8.4
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	9.5	9.6	9.4
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	8.7	9.0	8.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	8.0	7.9	8.0
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	7.4	6.0	8.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	1,685	825	860
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	410	200	210
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	135	70	65
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	1,135	565	570
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	140	60	80
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	3.7	3.7	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	3.8	3.6	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	3.5	3.5	3.5
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	4.1	4.2	4.0
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	2.0	1.8	2.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	45,340	22,280	23,065
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	44,115	21,770	22,340
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	44,105	21,765	22,335
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	3,070	1,265	1,810
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	17,925	8,640	9,285
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	0	0	0
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	17,925	8,640	9,290
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	630	325	310
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	0	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	635	330	305
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	0	10	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	555	285	275
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	65	30	30
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	10	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	190	80	110
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	10	10	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	185	75	115
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	625	245	380
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	25	15	10
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	10	0	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	30	20	10
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	45	25	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	575	220	355
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	0	0	0
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	20	15	0
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	15	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	2,715	1,340	1,370
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	20	10	10
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	100	45	55
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	2,525	1,250	1,270
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	90	35	55
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	8,200	4,040	4,160
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	65	25	40
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	160	90	70
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	1,335	630	705
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	35	20	20
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	25	15	10
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	10	0	10
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	1,305	620	690
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	10	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	10	10	10
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	0	0	0
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	65	25	45
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	55	30	25
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	510	245	265
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	275	135	140
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	335	145	190
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	40	15	25
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	10	10	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	40	15	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	15	10	10
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	60	20	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	0	0	0
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	0	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	695	300	395
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	10	0	0
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	15	10	10
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	155	60	95
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	490	225	265
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	0	0	0
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	25	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	0	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	780	390	390
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	2,410	1,205	1,200
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	2,090	1,025	1,065
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	60	35	25
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	410	205	205
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	635	305	330
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	10	10	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	25	25	10
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	10	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	15	0	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	430	225	210
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	100	45	50
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	115	60	60
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	850	390	460
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	335	190	150
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	0	0	0
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	315	175	140
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	3,005	1,510	1,495
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	1,855	980	875
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	320	160	155
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	205	75	130
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	700	335	365
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	60	25	40
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	115	50	65
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	85	40	45
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	35	15	15
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	0	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	40	15	25
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	20	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	30	15	15
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	5,390	2,515	2,870
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	5,395	2,520	2,875
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	3,785	1,775	2,010
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	65	35	30
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	2,365	1,090	1,275
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	75	40	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	60	20	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	45	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	0	0	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	35	20	20
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	25	10	20
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	85	50	35
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	10	10	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	45	30	15
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	25	10	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	10
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	240	95	145
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	30	10	20
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	80	30	50
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	140	60	80
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	45,340	22,280	23,065
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	42,750	21,140	21,605
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	10,565	5,420	5,145
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	32,185	15,730	16,460
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	2,595	1,135	1,460
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	45,340	22,275	23,070
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	30,315	15,140	15,175
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	14,740	7,035	7,705
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	4,175	2,075	2,100
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	2,135	1,040	1,090
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	4,010	1,955	2,050
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	3,455	1,545	1,910
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	2,000	920	1,080
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	1,450	625	825
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	975	420	550
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	290	100	190
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	14,740	7,040	7,705
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	1,365	655	710
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	2,960	1,490	1,465
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	3,745	1,745	2,000
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	5,535	2,650	2,885
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	1,145	500	645
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	14,740	7,035	7,705
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	1,430	635	795
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	40	15	25
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	35	15	25
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	20	15	10
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	225	95	130
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	10	0	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	295	130	170
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	85	40	50
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	120	65	55
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	335	135	200
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	250	125	130
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	3,965	1,945	2,020
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	10	0	10
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	25	10	15
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	25	15	10
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	240	100	135
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	335	175	155
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	65	30	35
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	45	30	15
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	790	430	360
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	100	50	45
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	175	75	100
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	145	75	70
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	190	85	100
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	115	35	85
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	15	0	10
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	100	35	65
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	1,100	550	550
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	490	235	255
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	555	285	270
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	0	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	145	70	75
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	10	0	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	70	35	30
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	10	0	0
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	20	20	0
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	55	35	25
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	245	120	125
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	8,755	4,155	4,600
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	90	40	55
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	35	25	15
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	1,940	880	1,060
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	1,510	725	785
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	880	425	460
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	185	115	65
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	40	30	10
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	35	0	30
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	100	50	50
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	95	50	45
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	490	240	255
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	590	255	330
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	1,660	805	860
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	20	15	10
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	150	60	95
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	355	155	200
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	570	280	290
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	45	25	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	975	425	550
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	95	40	55
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	0	0	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	0	0	0
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	10	10	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	10	0	10
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	15	10	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	35	15	15
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	20	0	15
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	80	35	45
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	0	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	0	0	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	10	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	10	0	10
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	10	0	10
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	0	0	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	35	25	10
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	30	10	15
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	30	15	10
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	0	0	10
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	15	0	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	0	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	10	10	0
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	765	325	440
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	10	0	10
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	375	160	215
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	45	10	35
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	100	40	60
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	10	0	0
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	10	0	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	20	10	10
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	10	10	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	20	10	15
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	0	0	10
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	100	55	45
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	10	0	0
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	25	10	20
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	25	15	0
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	0	0	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	0	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	45,345	22,275	23,065
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	15,305	7,290	8,015
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	13,405	6,780	6,625
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	16,635	8,210	8,425
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	10,840	5,130	5,710
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	5,440	2,755	2,680
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	1,925	1,325	605
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	3,510	1,435	2,080
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	3,575	1,385	2,190
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	1,655	885	770
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	175	105	70
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	45,345	22,280	23,065
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	340	175	170
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	325	160	165
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	200	115	85
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	115	40	70
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	15	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	44,995	22,100	22,895
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	45,345	22,275	23,065
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	85	60	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	45,255	22,210	23,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	45,340	22,275	23,065
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	25	15	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	15	0	10
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	540	280	260
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	540	280	260
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	400	215	185
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	140	65	75
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	44,775	21,985	22,790
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	45,345	22,280	23,070
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	16,745	8,125	8,615
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	5,635	2,825	2,810
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	5,950	2,830	3,125
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	1,005	490	515
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	1,135	510	630
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	355	145	205
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	450	240	210
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	310	145	165
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	350	200	150
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	180	75	100
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	160	65	95
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	375	195	185
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	830	410	425
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	28,600	14,150	14,450
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	45,345	22,275	23,065
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	565	290	275
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	415	220	195
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	0	0	0
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	150	70	80
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	8,740	4,360	4,380
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	0	0	0
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	415	220	190
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	8,425	4,190	4,235
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	35	30	0
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	15	0	10
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	26,740	13,030	13,710
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	15,340	7,445	7,895
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	10	0	10
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	9,115	4,400	4,715
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	6,195	2,980	3,215
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	15	10	10
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	6,500	3,130	3,365
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	625	320	310
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	1,400	680	715
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	2,355	1,090	1,265
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	10	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	2,350	1,090	1,265
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	4,375	2,060	2,315
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	285	100	180
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	60	20	40
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	1,235	600	640
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	0	0	0
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	2,915	1,395	1,520
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	10	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	265	105	165
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	745	330	420
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	195	80	115
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	255	105	150
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	40	20	20
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	130	65	65
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	120	45	75
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	25	20	10
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	3,580	1,740	1,840
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	35	20	20
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	30	20	10
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	120	60	65
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	30	10	20
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	70	50	25
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	420	200	215
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	115	50	70
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	65	30	40
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	15	0	10
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	1,235	645	590
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	315	130	185
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	650	270	375
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	95	45	45
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	1,005	505	500
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	70	25	45
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	9,135	4,565	4,570
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	70	25	45
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	10	10	10
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	145	70	75
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	75	25	50
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	1,710	870	830
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	5,325	2,695	2,625
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	870	440	425
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	90	40	50
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	1,035	505	535
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	70	35	35
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	55	30	30
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	105	65	45
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	650	235	415
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	160	75	80
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	220	110	110
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	0	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	105	60	45
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	15	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	90	45	50
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	1,390	665	730
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	120	70	50
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	10	0	0
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	40	20	20
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	35	10	25
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	15	10	10
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	55	15	35
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	685	340	350
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	20	0	15
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	10	10	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	25	20	10
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	175	100	75
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	20	15	10
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	220	90	130
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	100	45	55
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	935	485	450
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	20	10	10
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	45	20	30
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	20	10	10
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	15	10	10
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	25	0	15
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	110	50	65
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	20	10	10
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	20	10	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	20	10	15
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	410	210	200
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	10	0	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	15	10	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	0	0	0
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	140	75	65
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	0	0	0
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	25	0	25
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	20	20	0
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	35	25	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	10	0	10
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	860	450	405
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	80	55	30
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	10	0	0
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	50	30	25
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	10	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	10	10	10
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	20	10	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	0	0	0
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	430	225	205
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	10	0	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	380	200	180
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	40	25	20
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	55	25	20
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	135	80	50
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	10	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	0	0	0
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	0	0	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	10	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	20	10	10
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	0	0	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	45	30	15
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	10	10	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	10	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	50	35	15
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	210	90	125
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	210	85	125
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	15,280	7,450	7,835
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	1,315	710	595
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	160	90	65
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	90	45	45
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	285	170	115
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	10	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	0	0	10
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	315	170	140
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	75	45	30
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	45	25	20
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	20	15	10
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	10	10	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	30	10	15
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	180	80	95
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	105	60	40
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	15	0	15
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	30	15	15
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	15	10	10
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	45	20	25
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	35	25	15
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	20	0	20
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	5,760	2,885	2,870
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	30	15	15
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	10	10	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	2,695	1,335	1,360
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	10	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	50	20	25
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	0	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	640	315	320
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	45	20	25
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	75	40	35
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	1,965	980	980
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	730	385	350
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	255	135	120
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	8,425	3,965	4,455
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	15	10	10
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	6,690	3,190	3,505
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	1,390	615	775
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	35	20	15
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	245	95	150
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	225	90	135
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	30	10	20
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	30	10	20
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	10	0	10
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	10	0	10
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	60	20	35
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	15	15	10
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	270	145	120
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	15	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	15	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	15	10	10
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	125	75	50
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	80	45	30
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	15	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	30	20	15
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	0	0	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	25	20	10
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	15,355	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	13,605	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	1,750	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	15,355	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	1,535	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	13,825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	15,355	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	630	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	2,095	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	5,460	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	7,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	15,355	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	1,665	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	1,960	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	2,500	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	2,785	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	6,440	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	15,355	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	15,185	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	15,355	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	14,960	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	15,355	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	1,695	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	2,280	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	1,805	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	1,315	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	1,175	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	4,410	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	2,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	15,355	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	14,970	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	15,355	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	7,200	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	7,700	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	15,355	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	1,725	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	3,420	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	3,475	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	2,910	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	2,130	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	1,225	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	15,255	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	11,170	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	4,090	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	3,560	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	13,540	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	65.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	24.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,797	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,873	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	751,188	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	836,075	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	1,740	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	8.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	46.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,297	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,356	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	36,040	17,460	18,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	5,265	2,570	2,695
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	10,130	4,855	5,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	20,645	10,035	10,600
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	1,875	1,410	465
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	885	580	305
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	990	830	160
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	7,275	3,250	4,020
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	950	475	480
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	10,545	4,905	5,640
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	7,565	3,425	4,135
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	710	300	410
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	270	150	120
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	1,855	955	905
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	145	80	65
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	24,320	11,670	12,655
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	1,795	935	860
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	6,010	2,940	3,070
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	16,525	7,795	8,730
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	1,260	965	290
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	575	390	185
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	685	575	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	5,890	2,655	3,235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	710	365	350
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	8,665	3,810	4,850
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	6,255	2,715	3,540
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	605	235	370
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	180	75	100
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	1,510	730	780
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	110	55	55
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	36,040	17,460	18,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	15,400	7,420	7,980
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	1,425	275	1,150
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	1,425	275	1,155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	830	400	430
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	140	90	45
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	695	310	380
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	1,125	370	755
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	90	10	80
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	295	45	255
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	330	100	240
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	65	35	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	80	50	30
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	225	125	105
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	30	0	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	2,910	960	1,955
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	40	0	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	285	105	185
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	505	55	445
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	445	125	315
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	40	0	35
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	430	90	340
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	1,175	580	585
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	4,960	2,280	2,680
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	250	35	215
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	4,710	2,245	2,465
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	950	470	475
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	355	135	215
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	305	125	175
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	255	190	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	25	15	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	1,130	685	445
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	855	560	300
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	45	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	220	110	105
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	15	0	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	3,610	3,280	325
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	175	120	55
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	1,190	1,015	180
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	705	635	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	675	670	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	605	590	10
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	265	255	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	295	200	90
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	175	130	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	120	70	45
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	2,465	640	1,830
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	435	225	210
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	2,010	405	1,610
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	20	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	935	475	460
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	495	135	360
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	320	230	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	115	110	10
Other	3,170	885	2,280	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	24,320	11,670	12,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	7,800	3,875	3,925
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	1,095	200	890
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	1,095	200	895
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	635	295	345
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	90	55	35
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	540	235	310
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	810	260	545
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	80	10	70
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	210	30	180
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	235	60	175
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	45	30	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	45	30	15
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	160	95	65
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	30	0	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	2,375	685	1,690
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	35	0	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	240	80	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	430	40	390
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	360	65	290
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	35	10	30
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	330	50	275
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	950	440	505
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	4,185	1,865	2,320
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	220	30	190
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	3,960	1,830	2,130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	765	355	410
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	290	105	185
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	255	105	150
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	195	140	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	20	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	1,050	640	405
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	815	530	285
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	35	10	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	180	95	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	20	0	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	2,790	2,505	285
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	145	95	45
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	935	775	155
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	575	520	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	470	465	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	460	450	10
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	205	195	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	225	135	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	135	95	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	85	45	40
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	1,890	480	1,400
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	365	190	175
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	1,510	290	1,220
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	705	365	345
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	360	100	260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	265	185	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	85	85	0
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	36,035	17,460	18,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	15,400	7,420	7,975
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	20,640	10,040	10,600
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	16,465	7,900	8,560
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	15,440	7,435	8,005
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	1,025	465	555
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	4,180	2,140	2,040
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	565	310	255
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	285	105	175
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	450	195	250
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	485	295	190
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	460	220	235
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	0	0	0
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	1,935	1,010	920
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	24,325	11,670	12,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	7,805	3,875	3,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	16,525	7,790	8,730
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	13,220	6,185	7,035
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	12,495	5,875	6,620
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	725	305	420
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	3,305	1,610	1,695
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	465	235	235
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	250	95	155
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	400	175	230
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	255	160	100
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	425	195	230
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	0	0	0
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	1,500	750	750
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	36,035	17,460	18,580
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	24,570	12,860	11,710
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	23,285	12,200	11,085
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	1,285	660	625
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	11,465	4,600	6,865
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	68.2	73.7	63.0
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	64.6	69.9	59.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	5.2	5.1	5.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	36,040	17,460	18,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	10,605	4,245	6,360
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	25,435	13,215	12,220
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	14,265	8,145	6,120
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	11,170	5,075	6,095
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.9	44.7	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	24,570	12,860	11,710
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	425	195	235
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	24,145	12,670	11,475
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	20,665	10,355	10,310
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	3,480	2,315	1,170
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	24,570	12,860	11,710
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	425	190	235
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	24,145	12,670	11,475
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	3,815	2,525	1,290
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	4,410	1,260	3,150
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	1,850	1,445	405
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	1,270	310	970
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	2,845	850	2,000
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	830	390	445
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	5,135	2,375	2,760
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	2,715	2,550	160
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	580	470	110
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	675	495	180
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	24,570	12,860	11,710
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	430	195	235
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	24,145	12,665	11,475
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	240	165	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	45	30	15
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	195	140	50
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	2,020	1,690	330
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	1,850	1,280	565
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	1,350	795	560
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	2,565	1,310	1,255
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	810	630	180
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	690	425	265
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,940	935	1,000
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	660	340	325
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	2,355	1,315	1,040
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	60	15	45
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	1,160	655	500
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	2,105	565	1,540
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	2,065	390	1,675
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	745	430	315
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	1,330	555	780
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	975	445	530
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	990	560	440
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	23,285	12,200	11,090
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	2,275	1,160	1,115
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	135	85	50
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	2,595	1,960	635
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	18,280	8,995	9,285
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	18,285	9,000	9,285
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	3,395	1,495	1,900
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	7,580	3,540	4,040
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	7,280	3,960	3,325
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	25	10	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	20,875	10,955	9,915
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	17,495	9,515	7,980
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	1,250	450	800
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	1,400	670	730
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	510	220	290
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	70	40	30
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	150	70	80
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	20,875	10,960	9,920
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	3,460	1,540	1,925
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	4,580	2,195	2,385
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	5,895	3,280	2,615
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	2,970	1,585	1,380
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	3,965	2,355	1,605
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	20,875	10,955	9,920
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	1,375	1,050	320
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	3,865	2,310	1,560
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	6,360	3,200	3,160
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	4,150	1,900	2,255
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	2,790	1,215	1,575
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	2,335	1,285	1,045
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	26,050	13,505	12,550
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	25,530	13,260	12,270
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	24,840	12,910	11,930
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	24,755	12,895	11,860
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	85	10	75
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	695	355	340
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	695	350	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	55	15	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	55	15	40
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	40	25	15
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	10	0	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	10	0	10
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	0	0	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	10	10	10
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	10	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	10
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	10	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	15	10	0
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	15	10	10
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	565	290	275
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	565	290	275
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	380	195	185
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	190	95	90
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	520	240	275
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	80	30	55
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	435	210	225
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	26,050	13,500	12,550
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	24,460	12,695	11,765
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	330	140	190
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	270	95	180
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	955	555	400
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	955	555	405
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	20	10	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	44,740	21,960	22,780
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	40,220	19,650	20,570
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	4,520	2,310	2,210
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	1,770	865	905
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	2,750	1,445	1,305
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	2,505	1,330	1,170
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	2,410	1,285	1,125
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	100	50	50
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	245	115	130
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	42,130	20,565	21,565
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	25,150	12,395	12,760
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	16,975	8,175	8,805
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	6,150	2,850	3,300
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	10,825	5,325	5,500
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	9,800	4,845	4,950
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	9,570	4,735	4,835
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	230	110	115
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	1,030	480	550