Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Zone 2 - Northern Nova Scotia [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia  Map : Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	146,249	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	149,479	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	-2.2	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	75,937	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	63,901	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	11.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	12,398.80	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	146,250	70,915	75,335
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	22,030	11,185	10,845
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	6,615	3,355	3,260
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	7,760	3,940	3,815
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	7,655	3,890	3,765
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	92,545	45,125	47,420
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	8,340	4,335	4,005
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	7,250	3,690	3,555
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	6,720	3,265	3,455
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	7,095	3,370	3,730
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	7,920	3,730	4,190
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	8,985	4,295	4,695
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	9,910	4,805	5,100
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	11,970	5,830	6,140
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	12,425	5,970	6,455
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	11,925	5,830	6,090
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	31,675	14,605	17,070
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	10,930	5,365	5,570
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	7,755	3,835	3,915
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	5,475	2,550	2,925
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	3,685	1,585	2,100
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	3,830	1,265	2,560
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	2,380	885	1,495
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	1,085	315	770
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	325	65	260
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	40	5	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	15.1	15.8	14.4
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	63.3	63.6	62.9
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	21.7	20.6	22.7
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.6	1.8	3.4
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	44.5	43.6	45.3
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	47.4	46.6	48.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	63,900	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	47,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	15	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	12,630	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	2,050	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	1,280	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	2,025	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	7,080	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	205	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	3,765	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	63,900	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	18,895	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	25,495	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	9,130	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	6,995	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	3,395	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	143,710	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	124,215	59,730	64,490
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	73,650	36,790	36,865
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	59,915	29,950	29,965
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	13,730	6,840	6,895
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	50,570	22,940	27,625
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	29,200	15,655	13,545
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	4,175	1,845	2,330
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	7,990	3,430	4,565
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	9,200	2,010	7,190
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	43,990	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	26,125	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	8,785	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	6,490	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	2,590	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	43,990	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	36,345	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	29,475	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	6,865	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	7,650	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	6,045	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	1,600	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	36,340	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	21,360	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	14,985	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	6,695	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	5,875	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	2,410	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	7,650	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	4,765	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	2,085	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	800	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	25,265	11,615	13,645
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	63,900	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	42,345	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	20,740	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	21,610	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	815	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	20,740	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	18,890	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	1,845	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	144,120	69,990	74,130
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	136,110	66,750	69,360
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	15	0	10
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	7,795	3,125	4,670
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	200	110	90
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	144,120	69,990	74,125
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	142,480	69,200	73,285
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	1,375	660	710
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	80	30	50
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	180	100	80
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	1,415	675	740
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.0	1.0	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	144,120	69,990	74,130
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	143,560	69,735	73,825
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	140,405	68,225	72,180
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	138,870	67,490	71,380
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	1,530	735	800
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	3,155	1,510	1,645
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	375	160	215
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	365	155	215
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	0	5	5
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	360	155	210
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	365	155	210
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	5	5	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	2,780	1,350	1,430
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	210	120	90
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	0	0	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	215	120	90
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	5	0	5
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	200	120	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	5	5	0
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	5	0	5
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	25	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	0	0	0
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	225	90	140
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	15	5	10
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	0	0	5
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	5	0	5
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	5
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	195	80	120
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	5	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	35	20	15
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	5	0	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	10	10	5
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	15	5	5
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	1,825	900	925
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	5	0	5
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	190	90	100
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	10	5	5
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	10	0	5
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	5	5	0
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	180	85	90
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	0	5	0
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	5	5	0
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	10	5	5
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	10	10	10
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	5	0	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	65	30	35
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	50	20	25
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	0	0	0
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	5	5	0
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	30	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	5	0	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	20	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	15	5	10
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	1,165	595	580
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	10	5	5
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	20	10	5
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	365	205	160
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	10	10	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	735	350	380
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	5	5	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	5	5	5
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	15	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	5	0	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	5	0	5
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	170	80	85
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	120	60	60
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	15	5	5
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	5	5	0
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	30	15	15
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	5	5	5
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	35	15	20
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	5	0	5
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	20	10	10
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	45	25	25
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	0	0	0
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	40	25	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	255	115	140
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	45	25	20
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	35	20	15
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	20	10	10
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	160	65	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	25	5	15
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	55	30	25
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	5	5	0
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	5	0	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	0	0	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	5	0	0
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	25	15	15
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	250	110	140
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	245	110	140
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	55	25	30
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	0	0	0
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	130	50	75
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	50	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	5	0	5
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	15	5	10
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	0	0	0
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	15	10	10
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	35	20	15
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	0	0	0
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	5	5	5
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	20	15	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	0	0	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	555	255	300
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	240	100	135
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	290	140	150
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	20	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	144,115	69,990	74,130
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	143,355	69,640	73,715
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	142,095	69,015	73,080
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	141,830	68,890	72,940
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	265	120	140
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	1,265	625	640
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	70	30	40
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	75	30	35
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	70	30	35
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	70	35	35
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	1,195	595	605
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	95	50	45
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	95	55	40
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	95	50	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	0	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	15	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	0	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	115	55	65
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	0	0	0
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	120	50	65
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	10	5	5
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	0	0	0
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	5	5	5
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	725	355	365
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	0	0	0
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	40	20	25
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	5	5	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	40	20	20
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	0	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	0	0	0
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	0	0	0
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	20	10	10
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	20	10	10
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	5	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	480	235	245
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	0	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	5	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	35	20	15
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	425	210	215
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	5	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	15	5	10
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	90	45	50
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	55	25	30
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	5	0	5
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	5	0	0
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	15	10	10
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	15	10	10
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	0	5	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	10	5	5
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	30	20	15
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	0	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	10	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	105	55	50
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	10	0	5
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	5	0	5
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	5	0	5
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	85	45	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	0	5	0
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	35	25	20
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	0	0	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	40	20	20
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	30	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	145	70	75
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	140	70	75
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	25	15	15
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	90	45	45
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	0	0	0
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	10	5	5
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	0	0	0
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	0	0	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	760	345	410
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	135	60	80
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	615	285	330
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	144,115	69,990	74,130
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	140,950	68,600	72,350
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	585	285	295
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	1,245	480	760
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	1,290	590	695
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	280	120	160
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	1,010	475	535
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	10	5	5
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	5	0	0
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	40	25	15
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	121,730	58,660	63,070
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	116,795	56,345	60,450
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	30,127	37,089	24,821
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	116,845	56,350	60,500
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	27,316	32,596	23,209
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	100,055	49,755	50,300
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	27,898	34,706	22,499
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	89,480	39,790	49,690
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	8,228	8,855	7,668
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	80,245	40,965	39,280
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	28,487	34,689	24,018
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	121,730	58,635	63,100
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	116,820	56,290	60,530
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	38,836	46,889	31,348
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	116,865	56,295	60,565
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	32,331	38,007	27,056
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	100,035	49,625	50,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	37,285	45,639	29,062
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	89,700	39,720	49,975
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	8,997	9,430	8,653
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	80,235	40,790	39,440
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	36,900	44,016	29,540
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	121,735	58,635	63,105
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	38,065	20,365	17,700
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	44,782	51,065	39,599
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	53,672	61,558	44,601
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	82.0	85.4	77.4
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	65.0	67.7	61.4
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	18.0	14.6	22.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	121,730	58,660	63,070
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	4,930	2,315	2,620
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	116,795	56,345	60,450
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.9	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	16,315	6,540	9,770
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	22,650	8,390	14,260
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	19,200	7,915	11,290
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	16,095	7,535	8,555
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	13,005	6,875	6,130
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	8,890	5,325	3,565
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	5,965	3,940	2,030
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	4,575	2,850	1,725
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	3,395	2,000	1,390
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,985	1,335	650
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	4,720	3,635	1,085
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	3,435	2,615	820
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	1,285	1,020	270
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	121,725	58,660	63,070
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	4,880	2,310	2,575
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	116,850	56,350	60,500
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	16,975	6,670	10,305
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	24,080	9,025	15,060
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	23,020	9,850	13,165
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	19,550	9,720	9,825
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	13,240	7,815	5,425
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	8,025	5,195	2,830
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	5,190	3,110	2,080
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	2,780	1,900	880
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	3,985	3,060	925
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	1,435	1,055	380
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	800	620	180
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	1,750	1,385	365
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	121,730	58,660	63,070
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	41,480	17,695	23,790
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	80,250	40,965	39,280
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	65.9	69.8	62.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	12,300	6,015	6,285
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	7,000	2,925	4,075
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	11,605	4,935	6,675
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	10,595	4,545	6,050
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	9,875	4,530	5,345
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	8,030	4,260	3,770
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	5,825	3,650	2,175
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	4,025	2,685	1,340
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	3,515	2,160	1,355
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	7,480	5,270	2,210
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	2,700	1,550	1,150
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	1,460	1,035	425
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	3,320	2,685	630
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	63,900	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	56,057	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	49,610	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	18,890	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	27,091	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	25,107	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	45,010	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	71,484	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	62,331	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	63,895	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	71,005	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	59,133	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	18,860	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	35,202	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	29,843	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	45,030	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	86,002	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	71,402	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	63,900	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	880	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	1,275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	2,045	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	3,720	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	3,675	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	3,205	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	3,820	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	3,425	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	3,305	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	3,100	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	5,585	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	5,035	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	4,395	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	3,720	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	3,105	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	13,615	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	5,680	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	3,440	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	2,930	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	63,900	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	925	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	1,305	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	2,085	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	3,925	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	4,145	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	3,790	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	4,400	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	4,140	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	3,835	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	3,665	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	6,640	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	5,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	4,640	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	3,675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	2,825	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	8,220	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	4,485	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	1,985	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	1,745	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	43,650	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	71,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	62,213	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	20,290	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	66,110	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	57,946	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	15,240	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	97,503	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	82,729	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	7,100	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	43,070	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	40,344	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	43,650	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	86,024	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	71,344	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	20,275	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	80,101	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	66,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	15,265	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	111,325	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	91,064	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	7,100	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	49,157	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	43,859	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	22,825	10,615	12,205
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	26,580	30,058	24,279
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	24,588	27,188	23,353
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	22,780	10,530	12,245
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	34,330	37,411	31,681
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	29,158	30,948	27,619
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	143,710	69,820	73,885
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	88,905	41,960	46,945
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	16,425	7,585	8,840
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	20,875	9,160	11,720
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	18,300	8,740	9,560
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	17,325	8,540	8,785
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	15,985	7,945	8,040
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	54,805	27,860	26,945
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	15,195	7,690	7,500
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	13,570	6,845	6,725
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	11,720	5,995	5,725
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	8,815	4,490	4,325
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	5,505	2,840	2,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	141,325	68,700	72,625
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	26,210	13,345	12,875
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	7,805	3,975	3,825
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	85,240	41,320	43,925
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	29,870	14,040	15,830
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	26,575	11,880	14,695
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	6,440	3,250	3,195
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	2,285	1,135	1,150
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	14,020	6,325	7,695
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	6,115	2,305	3,810
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	18.8	17.3	20.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	24.6	24.4	24.8
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	29.3	28.6	30.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	16.4	15.3	17.5
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	20.5	16.4	24.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	9,075	4,345	4,725
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	2,155	1,065	1,090
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	765	355	410
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	6,505	3,115	3,385
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	415	165	250
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	6.4	6.3	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	8.2	8.0	8.5
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	9.8	8.9	10.7
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	7.6	7.5	7.7
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	1.4	1.2	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	143,690	69,795	73,895
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	143,475	69,665	73,815
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	143,450	69,650	73,795
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	7,700	3,040	4,655
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	4,865	2,310	2,555
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	615	265	345
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	595	255	335
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	0	10	0
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	590	255	335
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	590	255	335
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	10	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	15	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	10	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	10	10	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	4,265	2,050	2,215
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	295	155	145
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	0	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	290	150	145
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	0	0	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	295	150	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	0	0	0
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	25	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	0	0	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	25	20	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	285	110	170
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	30	15	20
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	0	10	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	10	0	10
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	10	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	275	105	165
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	10	10	0
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	30	15	15
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	20	15	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	45	20	20
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	0	0	0
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	35	15	15
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	2,845	1,380	1,460
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	15	0	10
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	255	130	120
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	15	0	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	15	0	10
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	0	0	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	240	130	115
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	10	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	10	10	0
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	0	0	0
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	0	10	0
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	20	10	10
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	10	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	85	45	40
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	95	45	55
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	10	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	0	0	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	0	0	0
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	50	30	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	90	45	50
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	70	30	40
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	20	10	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	1,550	765	780
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	20	10	0
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	20	10	15
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	485	230	255
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	25	20	10
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	1,025	505	520
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	20	10	10
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	20	20	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	10	10	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	85	30	55
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	325	160	165
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	250	125	130
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	40	20	25
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	10	0	10
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	100	50	45
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	0	0	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	85	40	45
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	10	10	10
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	45	20	25
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	75	35	40
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	0	0	0
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	75	35	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	705	320	385
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	65	45	25
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	65	20	40
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	10	0	0
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	595	260	335
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	75	35	35
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	95	45	55
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	60	30	30
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	20	15	10
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	10	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	10	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	0	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	10	0	10
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	20	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	205	90	115
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	55	10	45
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	150	75	70
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	275	135	140
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	275	135	145
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	90	40	50
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	150	65	85
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	10	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	45	30	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	0	0	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	20	10	15
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	0	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	25	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	25	0	20
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	10	10	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	55	25	30
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	0	0	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	20	20	10
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	35	0	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	143,690	69,795	73,895
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	141,375	68,615	72,760
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	26,770	13,590	13,180
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	114,605	55,025	59,580
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	2,320	1,185	1,130
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	143,685	69,795	73,890
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	138,160	67,095	71,060
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	5,000	2,400	2,600
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	2,350	1,155	1,200
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	545	270	285
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	450	160	290
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	925	440	480
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	335	155	185
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	580	285	295
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	730	380	350
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	535	305	230
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	5,000	2,400	2,605
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	775	365	410
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	950	455	495
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	1,015	460	560
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	1,835	900	930
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	430	215	210
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	5,000	2,400	2,605
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	1,220	570	650
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	10	10	10
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	0	0	0
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	10	10	10
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	15	10	10
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	0	0	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	50	30	20
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	25	10	20
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	0	0	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	875	420	455
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	215	80	125
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	2,655	1,295	1,360
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	10	0	0
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	15	10	10
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	60	30	25
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	220	115	110
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	0	0	0
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	10	0	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	60	20	35
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	35	25	10
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	435	240	200
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	50	15	35
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	15	0	0
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	10	10	0
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	25	10	20
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	0	0	0
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	15	10	10
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	1,525	715	805
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	170	80	90
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	105	75	30
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	0	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	15	15	10
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	0	0	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	10	0	10
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	0	0	0
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	20	15	0
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	20	20	0
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	40	25	10
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	970	430	535
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	0	0	0
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	25	20	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	125	45	80
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	10	10	0
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	135	75	60
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	70	30	40
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	0	0	0
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	10	0	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	60	20	35
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	70	45	30
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	40	25	20
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	235	95	145
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	0	0	10
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	25	15	10
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	15	0	15
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	105	40	65
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	55	30	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	735	380	355
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	145	90	60
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	0	0	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	0	0	0
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	35	15	15
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	0	0	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	80	45	35
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	25	20	10
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	215	115	100
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	10	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	20	15	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	10	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	10	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	10	10	10
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	0	0	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	165	75	90
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	10	0	0
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	25	20	0
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	10	10	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	15	10	10
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	0	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	0	0	0
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	335	155	180
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	15	10	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	25	10	10
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	65	35	30
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	10	0	0
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	0	0	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	0	0	10
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	0	0	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	0	10	0
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	170	65	100
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	15	10	0
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	10	10	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	20	0	15
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	10	10	10
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	10	10	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	143,690	69,795	73,895
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	6,080	2,950	3,130
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	8,935	4,320	4,610
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	128,670	62,525	66,145
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	2,710	1,275	1,435
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	1,525	765	760
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	610	420	195
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	915	345	565
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	1,030	430	600
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	130	70	65
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	20	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	143,690	69,795	73,895
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	6,915	3,190	3,725
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	6,680	3,075	3,600
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	4,640	2,145	2,495
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	1,945	890	1,060
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	95	40	50
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	130	65	60
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	110	45	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	136,775	66,610	70,165
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	143,690	69,795	73,895
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	3,740	1,720	2,025
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	139,945	68,080	71,870
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	143,685	69,795	73,890
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	2,580	1,225	1,360
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	2,570	1,210	1,360
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	2,420	1,175	1,240
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	130	30	100
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	10	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	7,010	3,145	3,865
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	6,870	3,090	3,780
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	4,760	2,150	2,615
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	1,935	870	1,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	170	65	105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	145	55	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	130	45	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	134,100	65,430	68,670
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	143,690	69,800	73,895
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	4,080	2,045	2,035
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	475	220	250
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	325	135	195
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	2,090	1,140	955
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	330	160	170
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	175	70	95
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	260	130	120
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	100	35	65
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	80	40	40
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	95	40	50
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	40	10	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	30	15	15
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	85	45	40
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	139,610	67,750	71,860
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	143,690	69,795	73,895
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	9,590	4,365	5,230
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	7,320	3,375	3,945
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	215	100	115
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	2,210	960	1,250
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	68,665	33,350	35,315
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	2,315	1,115	1,200
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	945	495	450
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	66,170	32,135	34,030
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	155	95	65
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	170	90	75
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	10	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	35	15	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	98,830	47,630	51,200
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	86,745	41,545	45,205
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	20	10	15
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	43,190	20,285	22,905
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	29,450	13,510	15,945
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	15	10	0
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	52,645	25,290	27,355
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	2,280	1,030	1,250
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	2,325	1,040	1,290
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	19,900	9,225	10,680
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	19,900	9,225	10,675
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	16,525	7,815	8,715
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	205	110	95
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	565	285	275
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	4,915	2,305	2,610
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	15	0	10
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	15	10	10
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	11,780	5,565	6,220
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	450	210	240
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	15	0	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	2,305	1,090	1,215
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	680	320	360
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	150	75	75
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	55	25	25
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	650	310	335
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	560	210	355
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	285	180	100
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	3,490	1,740	1,755
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	30	10	20
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	20	0	20
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	185	100	90
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	100	50	55
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	20	10	10
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	220	80	145
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	50	25	25
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	150	70	80
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	0	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	1,245	620	625
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	125	65	50
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	660	325	340
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	65	35	30
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	995	500	490
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	25	15	10
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	2,605	1,290	1,315
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	15	10	10
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	25	20	0
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	90	55	30
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	15	10	10
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	245	135	110
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	1,330	645	690
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	10	0	0
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	25	20	10
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	390	185	200
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	25	15	10
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	10	0	0
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	30	15	15
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	405	195	215
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	60	25	40
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	310	175	135
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	0	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	55	35	20
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	255	140	115
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	420	220	205
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	20	0	15
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	20	10	10
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	20	10	15
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	25	0	20
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	30	10	15
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	20	15	10
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	0	0	0
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	225	125	105
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	10	0	10
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	10	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	15	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	50	35	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	30	20	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	375	175	200
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	10	0	0
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	0	0	0
Belizean	1,755	915	845	10	15	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	0	0	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	35	15	20
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	40	25	15
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	85	35	45
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	15	0	15
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	0	0	0
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	40	10	30
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	0	0	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	0	0	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	10	0	0
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	110	60	50
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	0	0	0
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	0	0	0
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	15	10	10
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	10	0	10
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	1,550	785	760
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	55	25	25
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	10
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	10	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	0	0	0
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	20	15	10
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	20	10	10
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	0	0	0
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	90	30	65
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	0	0	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	10	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	50	20	30
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	10	0	10
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	0	10
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	30	10	20
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	75	40	30
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	0	0	0
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	0	0	10
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	15	0	15
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	30	20	10
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	10	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	0	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	30	15	10
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	1,335	695	645
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	220	105	115
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	1,115	585	530
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	2,510	1,200	1,310
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	840	430	405
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	25	10	20
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	25	20	10
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	0	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	115	45	70
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	0	0	0
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	10	10	0
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	0	0	0
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	10	10	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	490	280	205
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	40	15	20
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	10	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	130	75	60
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	35	10	20
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	575	280	300
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	25	0	15
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	0	0	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	15	10	10
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	410	205	205
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	0	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	70	40	35
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	35	10	20
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	20	10	15
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	10	10	0
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	25	15	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	1,035	465	570
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	0	0	0
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	485	225	260
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	300	155	150
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	0	0	0
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	90	35	50
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	105	45	60
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	0	0	0
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	0	0	0
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	10	10	10
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	10	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	25	10	20
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	25	10	15
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	60	30	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	55	20	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	55	15	40
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	115	50	65
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	70	35	40
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	40	10	25
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	0	10	0
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	0	0	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	10	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	63,895	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	47,275	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	15,940	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	63,895	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	830	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	63,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	63,895	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	70	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	6,110	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	17,445	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	26,055	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	14,215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	63,895	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	12,460	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	11,275	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	11,225	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	9,535	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	19,400	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	63,895	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	63,630	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	63,890	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	62,355	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	1,540	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	63,895	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	20,810	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	16,975	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	8,825	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	7,400	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	3,165	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	3,765	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	2,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	63,895	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	57,175	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	6,720	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	63,895	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	39,690	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	23,590	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	615	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	63,895	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	1,525	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	6,555	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	9,185	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	12,375	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	14,120	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	11,665	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	6,165	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	2,300	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	62,200	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	50,240	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	11,960	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	10,730	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	46,425	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	53.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	11.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	716	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	850	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	150,139	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	177,131	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	15,865	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	14.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	42.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	728	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	754	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	121,735	58,630	63,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	27,305	14,590	12,715
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	32,595	15,830	16,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	61,830	28,215	33,620
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	13,340	9,555	3,790
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	7,390	4,400	2,995
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	5,950	5,155	795
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	28,985	10,920	18,070
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	2,710	935	1,775
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	16,790	6,810	9,980
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	11,665	4,560	7,105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	1,015	370	645
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	495	270	220
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	3,320	1,415	1,905
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	300	190	110
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	76,255	36,590	39,665
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	11,065	6,560	4,500
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	20,135	9,930	10,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	45,050	20,100	24,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	8,950	6,460	2,495
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	4,985	2,960	2,020
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	3,965	3,495	470
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	21,625	8,345	13,280
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	1,670	545	1,120
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	12,810	4,755	8,050
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	9,040	3,370	5,665
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	705	200	515
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	400	195	205
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	2,480	900	1,580
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	185	95	90
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	121,730	58,630	63,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	59,905	30,415	29,485
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	5,185	1,350	3,835
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	5,185	1,350	3,830
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	1,035	500	540
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	210	165	40
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	830	335	495
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	1,940	775	1,170
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	95	15	85
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	400	110	290
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	530	205	325
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	120	55	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	375	195	170
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	325	175	145
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	90	10	85
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	4,715	1,090	3,625
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	50	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	215	105	105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	1,510	85	1,425
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	870	180	690
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	75	0	75
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	855	165	695
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	1,130	535	590
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	13,235	3,085	10,150
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	45	0	40
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	1,085	225	855
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	12,105	2,850	9,255
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	1,445	700	750
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	590	260	330
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	390	175	210
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	25	0	20
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	325	240	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	120	20	100
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	1,795	980	810
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	1,535	885	645
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	115	0	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	130	75	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	20	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	15,120	14,345	775
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	115	65	50
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	1,080	920	160
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	2,545	2,255	295
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	4,010	3,955	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	4,880	4,765	120
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	2,485	2,390	100
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	2,105	1,310	795
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	1,330	670	660
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	780	640	135
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	9,970	1,220	8,755
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	545	255	295
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	9,320	900	8,420
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	100	70	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	5,285	2,865	2,420
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	2,705	620	2,085
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	145	145	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	875	650	225
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	1,560	1,445	110
Other	3,170	885	2,280	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	76,255	36,590	39,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	31,200	16,490	14,715
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	3,335	725	2,605
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	3,335	725	2,605
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	775	350	420
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	160	125	35
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	610	230	385
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	1,365	525	840
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	60	15	45
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	265	50	215
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	415	165	255
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	80	35	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	200	105	95
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	265	150	120
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	75	10	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	3,830	805	3,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	25	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	190	85	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	1,215	65	1,150
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	740	105	635
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	55	0	55
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	695	135	560
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	910	405	500
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	9,510	2,285	7,220
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	45	10	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	915	170	745
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	8,555	2,115	6,440
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	985	455	530
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	445	195	245
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	250	110	140
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	200	130	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	70	20	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	1,530	870	660
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	1,350	805	545
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	75	10	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	90	50	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	10,815	10,155	660
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	80	35	45
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	750	615	135
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	1,845	1,585	260
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	2,960	2,930	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	3,545	3,450	90
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	1,630	1,540	90
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	1,590	925	665
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	1,005	455	550
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	585	470	115
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	7,390	890	6,495
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	380	165	215
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	6,930	670	6,260
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	80	55	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	3,930	2,105	1,825
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	2,055	480	1,575
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	60	60	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	640	475	170
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	1,165	1,085	80
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	121,735	58,635	63,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	59,905	30,415	29,490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	61,830	28,210	33,620
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	59,145	26,840	32,300
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	47,130	20,730	26,405
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	12,015	6,115	5,900
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	2,680	1,370	1,315
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,000	540	460
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	150	50	100
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	100	50	50
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	630	350	275
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	20	10	15
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	10	10	0
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	770	360	415
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	76,250	36,585	39,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	31,200	16,485	14,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	45,050	20,100	24,955
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	43,220	19,250	23,965
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	34,535	14,925	19,605
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	8,685	4,320	4,365
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	1,835	850	980
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	640	290	350
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	140	50	90
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	75	40	40
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	400	220	185
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	20	10	10
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	0	10	0
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	555	240	315
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	121,735	58,635	63,105
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	71,395	36,625	34,770
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	63,930	31,875	32,050
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	7,470	4,750	2,720
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	50,335	22,005	28,330
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	58.6	62.5	55.1
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	52.5	54.4	50.8
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	10.5	13.0	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	121,735	58,635	63,105
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	45,925	19,905	26,015
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	75,810	38,725	37,085
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	39,035	20,995	18,035
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	36,775	17,730	19,045
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	41.8	41.7	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	71,395	36,630	34,770
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,270	710	560
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	70,130	35,920	34,215
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	63,365	31,660	31,710
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	6,765	4,255	2,505
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	71,400	36,625	34,770
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,275	715	560
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	70,125	35,920	34,210
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	6,610	3,925	2,685
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	9,365	2,325	7,035
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	3,040	2,395	645
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	5,445	635	4,805
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	8,020	2,405	5,615
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	1,355	550	810
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	16,430	6,095	10,330
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	13,110	12,410	700
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	2,865	2,400	465
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	3,890	2,780	1,110
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	71,400	36,625	34,775
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,270	710	560
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	70,130	35,915	34,210
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	3,340	2,540	795
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	830	770	65
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	325	255	65
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	5,795	5,215	580
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	7,240	5,260	1,980
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	2,345	1,670	670
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	10,295	4,565	5,725
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	3,550	2,695	855
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	855	470	390
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,325	440	890
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	810	465	345
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	2,450	1,125	1,325
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	330	150	180
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	2,815	1,660	1,155
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	4,695	1,375	3,325
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	9,570	1,195	8,375
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	1,210	555	655
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	4,635	1,445	3,190
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	2,915	1,490	1,430
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	4,790	2,575	2,215
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	63,925	31,875	32,055
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	4,240	2,150	2,090
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	210	155	55
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	7,990	5,990	2,000
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	51,485	23,580	27,905
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	51,490	23,580	27,910
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	18,180	8,215	9,965
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	21,985	9,275	12,715
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	10,025	5,275	4,755
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	1,295	815	480
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	59,485	29,570	29,905
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	51,390	25,825	25,560
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	4,315	1,850	2,465
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	375	200	170
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,475	1,105	1,370
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	140	105	30
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	780	475	305
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	59,480	29,570	29,910
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	25,135	11,210	13,925
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	18,825	9,145	9,675
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	8,095	4,525	3,570
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	3,595	2,065	1,530
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	3,830	2,625	1,210
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	59,485	29,575	29,905
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	4,735	3,370	1,365
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	12,005	6,840	5,165
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	18,245	9,150	9,095
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	11,175	4,005	7,170
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	4,135	1,315	2,820
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	9,185	4,885	4,300
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	77,875	39,680	38,195
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	77,650	39,585	38,070
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	77,465	39,470	38,000
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	77,240	39,435	37,805
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	230	35	190
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	185	115	70
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	15	0	15
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	15	0	15
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	15	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	160	110	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	20	25	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	25	20	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	20	20	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	140	90	55
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	140	85	50
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	110	70	45
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	10	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	20	10	10
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	0	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	0	0	10
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	0	0	0
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	0	0	0
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	0	0	0
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	0	0	0
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	225	95	125
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	105	40	60
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	115	55	55
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	77,875	39,680	38,195
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	76,420	39,050	37,375
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	215	85	135
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	935	430	505
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	290	120	175
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	125	50	75
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	170	70	100
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	10	0	10
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	0	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	142,585	69,210	73,370
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	127,545	62,135	65,405
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	15,040	7,075	7,960
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	7,915	3,765	4,150
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	7,125	3,315	3,810
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	6,675	3,075	3,600
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	4,700	2,105	2,595
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	1,970	970	1,005
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	450	240	215
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	137,135	66,530	70,605
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	96,225	47,275	48,945
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	40,910	19,260	21,650
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	21,255	10,095	11,160
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	19,650	9,160	10,495
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	18,425	8,530	9,890
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	12,855	5,875	6,985
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	5,570	2,660	2,915
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	1,225	630	600