Census Profile, 2016 Census
Newfoundland and Labrador [Province] and Saint-Adrien-d'Irlande, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Newfoundland and Labrador [Province]			Saint-Adrien-d'Irlande, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Newfoundland and Labrador [Province] Map : Newfoundland and Labrador [Province] Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint-Adrien-d'Irlande, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	519,716	...	...	399	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	514,536	...	...	389	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	265,739	...	...	209	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	218,673	...	...	170	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.4	...	...	7.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	370,514.08	...	...	53.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	519,715	253,930	265,790	400	210	190
0 to 14 years	74,440	38,200	36,240	65	30	35
0 to 4 years	22,365	11,430	10,930	20	10	10
5 to 9 years	26,040	13,430	12,605	20	10	10
10 to 14 years	26,035	13,340	12,700	20	10	10
15 to 64 years	344,245	168,555	175,695	255	135	125
15 to 19 years	27,255	13,980	13,275	20	10	10
20 to 24 years	27,700	13,915	13,785	10	5	5
25 to 29 years	28,245	14,095	14,150	15	10	10
30 to 34 years	29,405	14,185	15,215	20	15	10
35 to 39 years	30,740	14,555	16,185	25	15	10
40 to 44 years	34,505	16,745	17,765	10	5	5
45 to 49 years	38,665	18,740	19,920	30	10	15
50 to 54 years	42,620	20,730	21,890	35	20	15
55 to 59 years	43,080	21,035	22,045	40	25	20
60 to 64 years	42,025	20,570	21,460	50	25	20
65 years and over	101,025	47,170	53,855	75	45	35
65 to 69 years	37,485	18,310	19,180	35	20	15
70 to 74 years	26,170	12,720	13,445	25	15	15
75 to 79 years	16,950	8,015	8,935	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	11,060	4,885	6,175	5	0	5
85 years and over	9,360	3,245	6,125	5	0	0
85 to 89 years	6,175	2,300	3,875	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	2,485	790	1,695	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	610	140	475	0	0	0
100 years and over	90	20	75	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.3	15.0	13.6	16.3	14.3	18.4
15 to 64 years	66.2	66.4	66.1	63.8	64.3	65.8
65 years and over	19.4	18.6	20.3	18.8	21.4	18.4
85 years and over	1.8	1.3	2.3	1.3	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	43.7	42.9	44.4	44.3	45.6	42.8
Median age of the population	46.0	45.4	46.6	50.5	51.7	49.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	218,675	...	...	170	...	...
Single-detached house	160,245	...	...	155	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	750	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	56,245	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	8,545	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	10,390	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25,235	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	11,645	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	435	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,430	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	218,675	...	...	170	...	...
1 person	53,755	...	...	40	...	...
2 persons	88,715	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	37,700	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	28,270	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	10,235	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	512,255	...	...	400	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	445,275	215,720	229,550	335	175	155
Married or living common law	277,300	138,640	138,660	240	125	125
Married	230,815	115,460	115,355	150	75	75
Living common law	46,485	23,180	23,305	90	50	50
Not married and not living common law	167,980	77,085	90,895	90	55	35
Never married	107,650	57,545	50,105	65	40	25
Separated	8,570	3,760	4,815	0	0	0
Divorced	22,225	9,535	12,685	15	10	5
Widowed	29,530	6,245	23,285	10	0	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	161,010	...	...	125	...	...
2 persons	91,965	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	36,220	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	26,060	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	6,760	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	161,010	...	...	130	...	...
Total couple families	136,755	...	...	120	...	...
Married couples	113,520	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	23,235	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	24,250	...	...	5	...	...
Female parent	19,295	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	4,960	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	136,760	...	...	120	...	...
Couples without children	76,080	...	...	75	...	...
Couples with children	60,675	...	...	50	...	...
1 child	29,785	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	24,525	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	6,365	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	24,250	...	...	5	...	...
1 child	15,885	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	6,445	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	1,925	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	80,020	36,715	43,315	45	30	15
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	218,675	...	...	170	...	...
One-census-family households	154,090	...	...	125	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	73,210	...	...	75	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	80,880	...	...	50	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	3,430	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	61,155	...	...	45	...	...
One-person households	53,750	...	...	45	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	7,405	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	515,680	252,315	263,370	400	205	195
English only	488,800	241,310	247,490	0	0	0
French only	120	60	60	325	170	155
English and French	25,940	10,580	15,365	75	35	35
Neither English nor French	820	365	455	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	515,680	252,315	263,365	400	210	190
English	512,350	250,610	261,740	5	0	0
French	2,255	1,205	1,050	395	205	190
English and French	350	180	165	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	725	315	410	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,425	1,295	1,135	5	0	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.5	0.5	0.4	1.3	0.0	2.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	515,680	252,310	263,370	400	205	190
Single responses	513,980	251,490	262,495	400	205	195
Official languages	502,060	245,305	256,760	400	205	190
English	499,710	244,065	255,645	5	0	5
French	2,350	1,240	1,115	395	205	190
Non-official languages	11,920	6,190	5,735	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	2,620	1,270	1,350	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	2,130	1,030	1,100	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	2,120	1,025	1,095	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	1,505	725	780	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	605	295	310	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	490	235	255	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	435	205	230	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,300	4,920	4,380	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,295	730	565	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Bilen	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oromo	35	15	15	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,245	700	545	0	0	0
Amharic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Arabic	1,140	645	490	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	65	30	35	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	30	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,120	475	645	0	0	0
Bikol	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	60	15	40	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	970	415	560	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	275	150	120	0	0	0
Kannada	15	5	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	100	55	45	0	0	0
Tamil	115	70	45	0	0	0
Telugu	50	25	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,020	2,265	1,760	5	0	0
Albanian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	585	310	275	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	575	300	270	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Croatian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	35	20	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	105	55	50	0	0	0
Russian	220	120	100	0	0	0
Serbian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	715	425	290	0	0	0
Afrikaans	55	30	25	0	0	0
Danish	55	30	20	0	0	0
Dutch	110	70	40	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	380	210	170	0	0	0
Icelandic	30	20	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	55	45	15	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	40	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,640	965	670	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,325	800	530	0	0	0
Bengali	325	220	105	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	45	25	0	0	0
Hindi	175	100	70	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	5	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	135	75	55	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	215	130	90	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	70	35	40	0	0	0
Urdu	285	165	120	0	0	0
Iranian languages	280	145	130	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	30	10	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	235	125	110	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	25	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	915	465	455	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	105	60	45	0	0	0
Portuguese	165	90	70	0	0	0
Romanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Spanish	595	290	305	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	125	50	80	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	320	170	145	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	30	20	10	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	30	15	15	0	0	0
Swahili	55	25	25	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	60	40	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	35	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dinka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	125	70	55	0	0	0
American Sign Language	50	25	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	75	45	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,620	830	790	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,590	815	775	0	0	0
Cantonese	360	195	165	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	990	495	490	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	190	100	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	70	40	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	35	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	90	20	70	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	20	5	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	10	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,700	820	880	0	0	0
English and French	585	250	335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,025	530	500	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	30	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	515,675	252,310	263,370	400	205	190
Single responses	513,025	250,995	262,030	395	205	190
Official languages	506,485	247,615	258,865	395	205	190
English	505,550	247,155	258,395	0	0	0
French	935	465	475	395	205	190
Non-official languages	6,545	3,380	3,160	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	1,910	950	960	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,800	890	910	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	1,800	890	910	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	1,200	600	605	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	600	295	310	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	105	55	50	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,635	2,430	2,205	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	830	425	410	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bilen	10	5	0	0	0	0
Oromo	30	20	15	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	790	400	390	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	725	375	355	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	50	20	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	500	235	265	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	475	225	245	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	65	55	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	55	30	25	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,620	890	730	0	0	0
Albanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	100	100	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	195	100	95	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Russian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	85	70	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	30	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	860	505	360	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	685	410	275	0	0	0
Bengali	150	105	45	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	75	45	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	95	55	40	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	80	60	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	130	70	60	0	0	0
Iranian languages	155	85	75	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	145	75	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	365	175	190	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	275	130	145	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	30	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	210	120	90	0	0	0
American Sign Language	60	30	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	155	85	70	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,040	545	495	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,030	535	490	0	0	0
Cantonese	190	100	90	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	705	365	335	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	120	65	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,655	1,320	1,340	5	5	0
English and French	400	185	215	0	0	5
English and non-official language	2,175	1,095	1,080	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	515,680	252,310	263,365	400	205	190
None	505,060	247,185	257,870	385	205	185
English	3,190	1,655	1,535	10	5	5
French	3,160	1,305	1,855	0	0	0
Non-official language	4,135	2,095	2,035	0	0	0
Aboriginal	685	315	370	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,450	1,785	1,670	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	25	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	35	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	437,940	212,785	225,150	335	175	155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	422,335	205,915	216,425	330	175	150
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,754	40,880	25,314	28,352	28,480	26,944
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	422,475	205,925	216,550	330	175	155
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,883	36,040	23,623	25,152	25,749	24,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	350,685	178,440	172,240	300	165	135
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,580	39,940	23,812	23,360	24,256	22,784
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	320,165	142,895	177,270	270	150	120
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,208	10,950	8,142	8,480	7,392	9,312
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	299,155	154,695	144,455	245	140	110
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,528	41,659	24,445	23,360	22,592	24,768
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	437,935	212,780	225,155	315	160	160
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	422,695	206,060	216,630	310	160	155
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,210	56,724	34,259	33,898	34,853	32,926
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	422,850	206,070	216,780	310	155	155
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,105	45,371	29,247	29,690	30,335	29,034
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	350,865	178,415	172,450	285	150	135
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,500	56,985	33,617	27,600	28,898	26,217
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	320,275	143,070	177,205	250	130	120
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,823	10,636	9,166	10,674	9,439	11,992
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	299,155	154,695	144,460	235	125	105
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,153	57,421	34,087	22,684	20,392	25,391
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	437,935	212,785	225,150	315	155	155
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	127,135	65,460	61,670	60	30	30
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,696	64,859	46,313	19,834	0	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	67,716	80,565	54,077	26,404	0	0
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.5	86.9	78.3	76.8	77.2	73.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.0	75.7	66.2	59.3	57.1	62.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.5	13.1	21.7	23.3	22.0	25.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	437,940	212,785	225,155	330	180	155
Without total income	15,600	6,875	8,730	5	0	5
With total income	422,335	205,910	216,420	330	175	155
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.8	96.1	100.0	97.2	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	54,190	20,040	34,150	35	15	20
$10,000 to $19,999	80,625	30,610	50,015	75	40	40
$20,000 to $29,999	66,445	26,040	40,410	60	40	20
$30,000 to $39,999	50,800	24,220	26,585	50	30	20
$40,000 to $49,999	40,710	20,675	20,030	40	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	28,815	16,365	12,450	25	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	22,170	13,390	8,790	20	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	16,585	9,950	6,640	5	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	14,525	8,380	6,140	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	11,570	7,230	4,345	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	35,890	29,020	6,870	5	5	0
$100,000 to $149,999	24,160	19,130	5,030	0	5	5
$150,000 and over	11,730	9,890	1,845	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	437,935	212,790	225,150	335	175	155
Without after-tax income	15,465	6,865	8,600	5	0	5
With after-tax income	422,475	205,920	216,550	330	175	150
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.8	96.2	98.5	100.0	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55,965	20,310	35,650	40	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	84,935	32,255	52,675	85	45	45
$20,000 to $29,999	77,570	31,835	45,730	70	45	20
$30,000 to $39,999	60,145	30,005	30,140	55	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	42,845	23,560	19,285	40	20	20
$50,000 to $59,999	29,740	18,000	11,735	25	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	21,810	12,880	8,925	5	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	16,275	10,280	5,995	0	5	0
$80,000 and over	33,195	26,780	6,410	5	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	9,910	7,385	2,525	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	6,785	5,580	1,205	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	16,495	13,810	2,685	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	437,940	212,785	225,150	330	180	155
Without employment income	138,785	58,090	80,695	85	40	50
With employment income	299,155	154,695	144,460	245	135	110
Percentage with employment income	68.3	72.7	64.2	74.2	75.0	71.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	41,945	19,065	22,885	40	30	15
$5,000 to $9,999	25,185	9,870	15,315	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	43,245	18,425	24,820	55	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	34,575	14,615	19,960	40	30	15
$30,000 to $39,999	26,880	13,045	13,840	35	20	15
$40,000 to $49,999	25,000	12,240	12,755	20	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	19,620	11,050	8,570	10	0	5
$60,000 to $69,999	16,510	9,855	6,655	5	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	12,995	7,755	5,240	10	5	0
$80,000 and over	53,195	38,785	14,415	5	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	12,605	7,075	5,530	0	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	9,920	6,290	3,635	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	30,660	25,415	5,245	5	5	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	218,670	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,272	...	...	59,776	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,060	...	...	51,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	53,750	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,593	...	...	23,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,750	...	...	21,696	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	164,920	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,459	...	...	65,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,188	...	...	58,176	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	218,675	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,392	...	...	64,916	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,750	...	...	56,858	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	53,735	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,684	...	...	33,103	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,968	...	...	29,061	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	164,940	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,281	...	...	75,820	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,058	...	...	66,385	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	218,670	...	...	170	...	...
Under $5,000	1,610	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	3,325	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,270	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10,620	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	11,065	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10,490	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	12,560	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	9,765	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	8,675	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	8,390	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15,745	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	14,835	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	13,210	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	11,965	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10,690	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	69,465	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	21,315	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	16,030	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	18,490	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	13,630	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	218,675	...	...	170	...	...
Under $5,000	1,715	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	3,370	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,350	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10,970	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	12,220	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	11,580	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	13,770	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	11,505	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10,270	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10,130	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	19,260	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	17,415	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15,335	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	13,145	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	11,470	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	50,175	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	21,485	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	13,060	...	...	0	...	...
$150,000 and over	15,630	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	159,665	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,589	...	...	65,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,193	...	...	58,176	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	71,340	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,513	...	...	61,568	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,160	...	...	52,800	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	61,695	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,644	...	...	77,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,500	...	...	68,480	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	22,155	...	...	5	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,630	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,926	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	159,645	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,559	...	...	78,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,156	...	...	68,616	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	71,405	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,485	...	...	71,953	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,251	...	...	61,938	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	61,740	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,066	...	...	90,137	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,501	...	...	80,644	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	22,125	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,354	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,395	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	69,430	32,260	37,175	45	35	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,545	30,718	24,334	23,616	22,400	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,852	27,806	23,469	22,336	21,440	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	69,470	32,190	37,280	55	30	25
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,398	45,493	34,137	28,672	0	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,455	36,753	28,743	25,058	31,572	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	512,255	250,910	261,340	400	210	195
In the bottom half of the distribution	254,565	119,495	135,070	280	145	130
In the bottom decile	45,825	21,025	24,800	30	20	10
In the second decile	62,600	27,510	35,090	50	30	25
In the third decile	49,300	23,290	26,015	70	35	35
In the fourth decile	48,540	23,710	24,825	50	30	25
In the fifth decile	48,295	23,955	24,340	70	35	40
In the top half of the distribution	257,685	131,420	126,270	120	60	60
In the sixth decile	49,765	24,975	24,790	35	20	20
In the seventh decile	50,430	25,400	25,035	45	25	20
In the eighth decile	52,970	26,900	26,075	25	10	15
In the ninth decile	55,005	28,170	26,840	15	10	10
In the top decile	49,510	25,975	23,535	5	0	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	509,340	249,445	259,895	400	210	190
0 to 17 years	89,425	45,880	43,545	75	40	40
0 to 5 years	26,950	13,780	13,170	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	324,715	158,305	166,410	250	130	120
65 years and over	95,200	45,265	49,935	75	45	30
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	78,595	34,740	43,850	60	35	20
0 to 17 years	15,920	8,110	7,810	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	5,205	2,670	2,530	0	0	5
18 to 64 years	40,420	17,430	22,990	35	20	15
65 years and over	22,250	9,200	13,055	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.4	13.9	16.9	15.0	16.7	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	17.8	17.7	17.9	13.3	25.0	12.5
0 to 5 years (%)	19.3	19.4	19.2	0.0	0.0	33.3
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	11.0	13.8	14.0	15.4	12.5
65 years and over (%)	23.4	20.3	26.1	20.0	11.1	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	29,200	13,915	15,285	15	10	5
0 to 17 years	6,065	3,095	2,970	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	2,035	1,080	955	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	21,880	10,305	11,570	10	5	0
65 years and over	1,255	510	750	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.7	5.6	5.9	3.8	4.8	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	6.7	6.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	7.8	7.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	6.5	7.0	4.0	3.8	0.0
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	512,250	250,910	261,340	385	190	195
Official languages	511,220	250,445	260,775	385	190	195
English	511,100	250,390	260,705	105	45	60
French	25,965	10,395	15,575	385	195	195
Non-official languages	17,245	8,800	8,445	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	3,035	1,425	1,610	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	2,270	1,085	1,180	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	2,220	1,070	1,150	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	1,575	765	810	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	665	315	350	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	50	15	35	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	50	15	35	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	765	340	425	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	690	290	400	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	75	50	25	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,220	7,380	6,840	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,705	930	770	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,640	900	735	0	0	0
Amharic	50	35	20	0	0	0
Arabic	1,560	860	700	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	20	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,315	530	785	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	95	30	75	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	110	70	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,170	450	715	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	30	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	450	245	210	0	0	0
Kannada	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malayalam	150	75	80	0	0	0
Tamil	245	145	100	0	0	0
Telugu	45	30	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,080	3,835	3,245	10	0	0
Albanian	125	70	60	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	855	450	405	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	845	450	400	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Croatian	65	45	20	0	0	0
Czech	50	25	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	125	85	40	0	0	0
Russian	515	250	265	0	0	0
Serbian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	120	55	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	115	75	35	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	30	30	0	0	0	0
Welsh	40	30	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,765	965	800	0	0	0
Afrikaans	85	50	40	0	0	0
Danish	100	55	45	0	0	0
Dutch	150	80	75	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,270	685	580	0	0	0
Icelandic	50	35	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	130	75	55	0	0	0
Swedish	55	40	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	55	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,070	1,230	840	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,760	1,070	690	0	0	0
Bengali	370	240	125	0	0	0
Gujarati	60	35	20	0	0	0
Hindi	595	355	240	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	175	110	60	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	485	305	180	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	80	45	35	0	0	0
Urdu	405	255	145	0	0	0
Iranian languages	275	150	130	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	25	0	0	0	0
Pashto	50	35	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	205	90	110	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	70	45	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,450	1,240	1,210	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	360	190	165	0	0	0
Portuguese	395	215	180	0	0	0
Romanian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Spanish	1,820	895	930	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	155	45	110	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	130	50	75	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	795	445	345	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	60	55	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	55	35	20	0	0	0
Igbo	90	45	45	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	15	20	0	0	0
Shona	105	35	75	0	0	0
Swahili	180	110	70	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	200	115	80	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	130	75	60	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	710	315	395	0	0	0
American Sign Language	350	130	215	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	370	190	180	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,870	1,025	840	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,820	995	820	0	0	0
Cantonese	395	230	165	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,265	665	595	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	25	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	265	160	110	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	55	25	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	60	45	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	35	80	0	0	0
Estonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Finnish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	25	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	512,250	250,910	261,335	385	190	195
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	503,160	245,925	257,240	390	190	195
Canadian citizens aged under 18	88,805	45,585	43,220	85	45	35
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	414,355	200,335	214,020	300	145	155
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	9,090	4,990	4,100	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	512,255	250,910	261,340	385	190	195
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	496,410	242,465	253,940	385	190	195
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	12,080	6,230	5,850	0	0	0
Before 1981	3,430	1,765	1,660	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	905	455	450	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,210	625	585	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	2,860	1,490	1,370	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	995	500	495	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,865	990	875	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,675	1,890	1,780	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	3,770	2,215	1,550	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	12,075	6,230	5,845	0	0	0
Under 5 years	1,535	745	790	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,095	1,090	1,005	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	2,090	1,035	1,050	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	5,420	2,840	2,580	0	0	0
45 years and over	940	515	425	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	12,080	6,230	5,850	0	0	0
Americas	2,280	1,080	1,205	0	0	0
Brazil	30	15	15	0	0	0
Colombia	110	50	65	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	30	15	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	110	45	70	0	0	0
Mexico	90	35	55	0	0	0
Peru	20	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	30	15	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,535	730	805	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	300	155	145	0	0	0
Europe	4,215	2,325	1,885	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45	20	25	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	160	95	70	0	0	0
Germany	365	210	155	0	0	0
Greece	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hungary	40	10	30	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	180	95	85	0	0	0
Italy	80	60	20	0	0	0
Netherlands	95	55	40	0	0	0
Poland	75	50	30	0	0	0
Portugal	140	80	60	0	0	0
Romania	55	15	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	165	90	70	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	85	25	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,215	1,215	1,000	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	465	270	195	0	0	0
Africa	1,215	655	560	0	0	0
Algeria	30	20	0	0	0	0
Egypt	215	135	80	0	0	0
Ethiopia	50	30	25	0	0	0
Kenya	25	10	20	0	0	0
Morocco	25	20	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	185	105	80	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	135	55	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	535	280	260	0	0	0
Asia	4,295	2,145	2,150	0	0	0
Afghanistan	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	165	95	70	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	835	405	425	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	80	60	25	0	0	0
India	640	355	285	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	65	35	35	0	0	0
Iraq	220	115	105	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	0	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	35	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	245	145	95	0	0	0
Philippines	855	330	530	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	115	65	50	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	315	145	175	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	15	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	570	315	255	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	70	20	50	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,675	1,890	1,785	0	0	0
Americas	460	230	230	0	0	0
Brazil	20	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	30	15	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	70	20	45	0	0	0
Mexico	30	20	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	195	110	90	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	80	30	45	0	0	0
Europe	545	310	230	0	0	0
France	65	30	30	0	0	0
Germany	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	30	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	30	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	40	0	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	160	100	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	170	110	60	0	0	0
Africa	620	320	300	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	30	0	20	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	115	65	55	0	0	0
Eritrea	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	30	15	15	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	125	70	60	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	210	110	95	0	0	0
Asia	2,010	1,010	1,005	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	50	30	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	275	130	145	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	175	100	75	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iraq	75	40	30	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	20	0	0	0	0
Nepal	55	30	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	95	60	30	0	0	0
Philippines	595	270	330	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	35	25	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	60	30	30	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	300	135	165	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	10	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	30	15	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	155	100	60	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Australia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	512,250	250,910	261,340	385	195	195
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	16,840	8,935	7,900	10	0	10
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	13,820	6,900	6,920	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	481,595	235,080	246,515	385	190	190
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	8,805	4,565	4,245	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	4,930	2,655	2,270	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,260	1,535	725	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,670	1,125	1,545	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,355	1,115	1,240	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,485	770	720	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	512,255	250,910	261,340	385	190	195
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	45,730	22,105	23,625	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	42,615	20,515	22,100	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	28,375	13,615	14,760	10	10	0
Métis	7,790	3,790	4,000	10	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	6,450	3,110	3,335	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	555	305	255	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	2,560	1,280	1,275	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	466,525	228,810	237,710	370	180	190
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	512,250	250,910	261,340	385	190	195
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	21,155	10,170	10,990	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	491,095	240,745	250,355	385	190	195
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	512,250	250,910	261,340	385	190	195
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	18,965	9,340	9,630	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	18,210	8,950	9,260	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	12,185	5,935	6,255	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	2,440	1,255	1,185	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	3,585	1,760	1,820	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	760	385	370	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	75	30	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	225	110	115	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	415	230	180	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	39,585	18,825	20,760	15	10	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	37,850	18,000	19,850	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30,420	14,410	16,005	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,655	1,800	1,860	10	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,775	1,785	1,990	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	1,730	825	910	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	500	215	285	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	510	245	260	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	670	340	335	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	20	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	453,700	222,750	230,950	375	185	190
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	512,250	250,915	261,340	385	190	195
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	11,810	6,145	5,665	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	2,645	1,540	1,100	0	0	0
Chinese	2,325	1,265	1,065	0	0	0
Black	2,355	1,205	1,150	0	0	0
Filipino	1,390	550	835	0	0	0
Latin American	635	305	330	0	0	0
Arab	1,375	760	620	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	340	190	150	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	220	90	125	0	0	0
Korean	80	30	45	0	0	0
Japanese	60	30	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	150	65	80	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	255	120	135	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	500,440	244,765	255,675	385	190	195
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	512,250	250,910	261,340	385	190	195
North American Aboriginal origins	58,550	28,165	30,385	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	44,015	20,995	23,025	0	0	0
Inuit	9,270	4,515	4,750	0	0	0
Métis	7,855	3,910	3,950	10	10	10
Other North American origins	280,640	137,030	143,610	355	175	180
Acadian	490	235	255	0	0	0
American	1,890	960	930	10	0	10
Canadian	276,130	134,745	141,390	355	175	180
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	4,080	2,090	1,990	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Québécois	100	60	40	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	10	0	0	0
European origins	274,460	134,070	140,390	110	50	55
British Isles origins	259,460	126,485	132,980	50	25	25
Channel Islander	85	40	45	0	0	0
Cornish	35	15	15	0	0	0
English	191,855	93,405	98,450	40	15	20
Irish	106,225	51,035	55,190	55	25	25
Manx	50	35	20	0	0	0
Scottish	34,650	16,580	18,075	0	0	0
Welsh	4,380	2,155	2,225	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	6,025	2,845	3,180	0	0	0
French origins	26,845	12,685	14,155	55	25	30
Alsatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	26,835	12,680	14,150	50	25	25
Western European origins (except French origins)	11,045	5,440	5,605	0	0	0
Austrian	360	160	205	0	0	0
Bavarian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Belgian	195	95	105	0	0	0
Dutch	2,150	1,030	1,120	0	0	0
Flemish	55	25	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	8,620	4,270	4,355	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	245	140	110	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,940	1,885	2,055	0	0	0
Danish	685	345	340	0	0	0
Finnish	240	95	150	0	0	0
Icelandic	190	100	90	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,710	845	870	0	0	0
Swedish	995	405	585	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	320	185	140	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,230	2,055	2,175	0	0	0
Bulgarian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Byelorussian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	180	100	80	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	55	15	45	0	0	0
Estonian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	415	175	240	0	0	0
Latvian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	110	45	65	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,540	735	805	0	0	0
Romanian	180	85	100	0	0	0
Russian	910	480	430	0	0	0
Slovak	65	25	45	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,350	700	650	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	80	35	50	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,765	2,320	2,450	0	0	0
Albanian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	160	90	75	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	380	220	165	0	0	0
Italian	1,715	875	840	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Maltese	135	80	50	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,215	595	615	10	0	0
Serbian	55	40	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,105	475	635	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,065	550	520	0	0	0
Basque	65	45	20	0	0	0
Jewish	285	140	140	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	100	55	45	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	615	315	305	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	885	455	430	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Bermudan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	140	85	55	0	0	0
Dominican	25	20	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	395	185	210	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	60	20	40	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	925	410	520	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	70	40	35	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chilean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Colombian	160	80	80	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Guatemalan	40	15	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	55	35	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	50	25	30	0	0	0
Honduran	25	0	20	0	0	0
Maya	30	15	20	0	0	0
Mexican	245	90	150	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	75	45	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	75	25	45	0	0	0
African origins	2,705	1,470	1,240	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	750	430	320	0	0	0
Akan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	130	80	55	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	65	40	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Liberian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	360	190	170	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	80	65	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	25	10	0	0	0
North African origins	630	380	250	0	0	0
Algerian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Berber	25	10	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	320	185	135	0	0	0
Libyan	165	85	75	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	40	35	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	75	60	20	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	610	340	270	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	55	25	25	0	0	0
Ethiopian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	30	15	15	0	0	0
South African	120	75	50	0	0	0
Tanzanian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	55	30	30	0	0	0
Zambian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	110	40	70	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	65	25	40	0	0	0
Other African origins	805	365	435	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	755	345	415	0	0	0
Asian origins	10,095	5,240	4,850	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,660	1,365	1,295	0	0	0
Afghan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	355	200	160	0	0	0
Armenian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	215	110	110	0	0	0
Iraqi	265	145	115	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	135	80	50	0	0	0
Kazakh	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	995	465	530	0	0	0
Palestinian	95	60	35	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Syrian	335	170	165	0	0	0
Tajik	60	15	40	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	100	75	25	0	0	0
Turkmen	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	40	20	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,740	1,570	1,175	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	240	155	85	0	0	0
Bengali	60	35	25	0	0	0
Bhutanese	50	40	10	0	0	0
East Indian	1,820	1,020	805	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	95	60	40	0	0	0
Pakistani	335	215	120	0	0	0
Punjabi	40	25	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	120	65	55	0	0	0
Tamil	55	35	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	90	25	60	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	4,735	2,315	2,420	0	0	0
Burmese	35	15	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	20	0	0	0	0
Chinese	2,700	1,435	1,265	0	0	0
Filipino	1,525	615	910	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Japanese	100	35	70	0	0	0
Karen	35	25	10	0	0	0
Korean	100	35	60	0	0	0
Laotian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	120	70	50	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	35	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	40	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	45	30	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	240	115	125	0	0	0
Australian	165	75	85	0	0	0
New Zealander	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	45	20	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	218,670	...	...	160	...	...
Owner	167,700	...	...	155	...	...
Renter	50,530	...	...	0	...	...
Band housing	445	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	218,675	...	...	160	...	...
Condominium	4,630	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	214,045	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	218,675	...	...	165	...	...
No bedrooms	230	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	11,785	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	48,445	...	...	35	...	...
3 bedrooms	102,580	...	...	80	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	55,630	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	218,675	...	...	160	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	32,240	...	...	25	...	...
5 rooms	34,295	...	...	45	...	...
6 rooms	39,180	...	...	40	...	...
7 rooms	34,060	...	...	35	...	...
8 or more rooms	78,895	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	218,675	...	...	165	...	...
One person or fewer per room	217,795	...	...	160	...	...
More than 1 person per room	880	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	218,675	...	...	160	...	...
Suitable	214,690	...	...	160	...	...
Not suitable	3,985	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	218,675	...	...	160	...	...
1960 or before	43,255	...	...	40	...	...
1961 to 1980	71,280	...	...	85	...	...
1981 to 1990	34,040	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	25,375	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	12,395	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	16,210	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	16,120	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	218,675	...	...	160	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	204,465	...	...	155	...	...
Major repairs needed	14,210	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	218,675	...	...	160	...	...
1 household maintainer	128,070	...	...	95	...	...
2 household maintainers	87,205	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	3,400	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	218,670	...	...	165	...	...
15 to 24 years	5,730	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	25,840	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	33,600	...	...	20	...	...
45 to 54 years	44,480	...	...	45	...	...
55 to 64 years	47,380	...	...	55	...	...
65 to 74 years	38,295	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	18,275	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	5,080	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	217,560	...	...	130	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	180,060	...	...	115	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	37,505	...	...	15	...	...
30% to less than 100%	33,880	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	167,335	...	...	120	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	49.0	...	...	44.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	743	...	...	544	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	984	...	...	641	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,228	...	...	92,125	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	243,157	...	...	136,613	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50,415	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	802	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	836	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	437,935	212,785	225,155	310	155	155
No certificate, diploma or degree	102,665	51,170	51,495	80	45	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	109,480	50,205	59,275	55	15	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	225,790	111,405	114,380	185	95	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	49,435	36,325	13,110	100	65	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	24,305	14,660	9,645	75	35	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25,130	21,665	3,460	25	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	101,250	42,910	58,340	70	20	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,400	4,280	6,125	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	64,700	27,900	36,800	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	42,850	17,810	25,040	10	10	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,995	1,395	1,605	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,790	1,055	735	0	0	0
Master's degree	14,820	6,180	8,640	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,250	1,465	785	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	287,880	139,650	148,230	225	105	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	45,170	23,965	21,205	35	20	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	65,210	30,300	34,910	30	10	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	177,495	85,380	92,115	155	80	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	36,075	26,475	9,605	85	55	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	18,045	10,900	7,145	55	25	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	18,030	15,580	2,455	30	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	81,955	34,175	47,780	55	20	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,680	2,970	3,710	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	52,785	21,760	31,025	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	34,555	13,960	20,595	10	10	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,410	1,070	1,340	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,515	810	700	0	0	0
Master's degree	12,610	4,860	7,755	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,705	1,060	645	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	437,935	212,780	225,150	310	160	155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	212,145	101,375	110,770	130	60	70
Education	19,040	5,665	13,375	0	0	0
13. Education	19,035	5,665	13,375	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,660	1,705	1,950	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	760	590	170	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,900	1,115	1,785	0	0	0
Humanities	7,180	2,965	4,220	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	470	125	350	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,735	610	1,120	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,675	540	1,135	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	70	45	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	595	315	280	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,325	740	585	0	0	0
54. History	870	490	380	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	440	95	340	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	13,825	4,140	9,685	15	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	315	95	215	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	850	320	535	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	3,695	280	3,410	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,930	595	1,345	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	170	40	130	0	0	0
42. Psychology	2,340	595	1,745	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	4,515	2,220	2,300	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	47,775	11,015	36,760	30	0	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	150	30	125	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,725	510	2,220	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	44,900	10,480	34,420	30	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	5,570	2,930	2,645	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,225	960	1,265	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,280	650	635	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	130	55	80	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,665	1,190	475	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	270	75	190	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	8,305	4,255	4,055	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	7,085	3,705	3,380	0	0	0
25. Library science	475	70	400	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	690	420	265	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	60	50	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	61,025	55,930	5,095	65	60	10
04. Architecture and related services	275	200	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	6,685	5,515	1,175	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	12,325	10,200	2,130	15	10	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	20	10	15	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	19,465	18,750	720	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	14,775	14,250	520	10	15	0
48. Precision production	7,480	7,015	465	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,630	2,395	1,240	20	20	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,170	620	555	15	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,465	1,780	685	0	0	0
Health and related fields	32,275	5,370	26,905	25	0	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,585	880	705	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	30,030	4,130	25,900	25	0	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	655	355	295	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	23,495	15,050	8,450	10	0	15
12. Personal and culinary services	9,540	2,345	7,185	10	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	175	150	20	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	2,285	1,735	545	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	11,490	10,795	695	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	287,880	139,650	148,230	225	110	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	110,380	54,270	56,115	70	20	45
Education	12,575	3,380	9,200	0	0	0
13. Education	12,580	3,380	9,195	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,940	1,310	1,635	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	510	355	155	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,430	955	1,480	0	0	0
Humanities	5,105	2,045	3,055	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	360	80	275	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,260	420	840	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,185	390	790	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	65	45	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	415	215	195	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	835	475	355	0	0	0
54. History	675	365	315	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	320	60	260	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	11,820	3,365	8,450	20	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	260	75	190	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	710	245	465	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	3,175	250	2,920	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,675	450	1,225	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	30	100	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,945	455	1,495	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,925	1,865	2,060	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	39,285	8,560	30,725	30	0	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	125	25	100	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,295	370	1,925	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	36,865	8,160	28,705	30	0	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,275	2,175	2,100	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,665	665	1,005	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,020	515	510	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	75	35	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,320	900	425	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	190	60	125	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	7,640	3,965	3,675	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	6,670	3,510	3,165	0	0	0
25. Library science	345	65	285	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	560	340	220	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	55	50	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	46,125	42,065	4,060	60	50	10
04. Architecture and related services	230	165	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	5,500	4,465	1,030	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	9,790	8,085	1,705	15	0	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	15	0	15	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	14,430	13,915	510	20	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10,765	10,340	420	15	10	0
48. Precision production	5,400	5,090	310	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,025	1,945	1,085	15	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	930	460	475	20	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,095	1,485	610	0	0	0
Health and related fields	25,620	4,275	21,350	25	0	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,265	730	530	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	23,810	3,275	20,540	25	0	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	545	265	275	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	19,080	12,300	6,785	0	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	7,705	1,895	5,815	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	160	130	25	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,885	1,440	445	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	9,330	8,825	505	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	437,935	212,785	225,150	315	155	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	212,145	101,375	110,775	130	65	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	225,790	111,405	114,380	185	95	85
Location of study inside Canada	217,745	107,100	110,645	185	95	90
Same as province or territory of residence	188,225	92,155	96,070	185	95	85
Different than province or territory of residence	29,520	14,945	14,575	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,045	4,305	3,735	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,175	1,205	965	0	0	0
Philippines	820	305	515	0	0	0
India	405	230	180	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,495	905	585	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	335	190	140	0	0	0
France	125	65	60	0	0	0
Other	2,695	1,410	1,285	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	287,880	139,650	148,230	225	110	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	110,380	54,270	56,115	65	20	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	177,500	85,380	92,115	160	85	75
Location of study inside Canada	171,300	82,140	89,165	155	85	75
Same as province or territory of residence	147,040	70,500	76,540	160	85	75
Different than province or territory of residence	24,265	11,635	12,630	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,195	3,245	2,955	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,375	725	650	0	0	0
Philippines	765	295	470	0	0	0
India	360	195	165	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,010	645	370	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	285	165	125	0	0	0
France	110	55	55	0	0	0
Other	2,285	1,160	1,125	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	437,935	212,785	225,150	315	160	155
In the labour force	256,855	133,110	123,745	190	100	90
Employed	216,705	108,395	108,310	190	100	90
Unemployed	40,150	24,715	15,440	0	0	0
Not in the labour force	181,080	79,675	101,405	125	55	70
Participation rate	58.7	62.6	55.0	60.3	62.5	58.1
Employment rate	49.5	50.9	48.1	60.3	62.5	58.1
Unemployment rate	15.6	18.6	12.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	437,935	212,785	225,150	315	155	160
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	158,915	67,920	90,995	115	50	55
Worked	279,020	144,865	134,155	205	105	100
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	128,865	66,480	62,385	65	35	30
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	150,155	78,385	71,770	140	70	70
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.9	38.3	39.5	40.4	39.0	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	256,855	133,110	123,745	185	100	85
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	5,055	2,700	2,350	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	251,795	130,405	121,395	190	100	85
Employee	236,110	120,790	115,315	145	70	70
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	15,690	9,615	6,075	40	30	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	256,855	133,110	123,745	190	105	90
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	5,055	2,705	2,350	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	251,800	130,405	121,390	190	105	85
0 Management occupations	20,870	11,930	8,940	15	0	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	32,115	8,130	23,985	25	10	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	16,780	13,320	3,460	10	10	0
3 Health occupations	18,865	3,190	15,675	15	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	32,515	8,935	23,585	10	0	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,830	2,045	2,790	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	56,205	21,550	34,650	30	10	20
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	47,890	45,235	2,655	20	20	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	11,845	9,800	2,045	40	35	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	9,885	6,270	3,615	25	20	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	256,855	133,110	123,745	190	100	85
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	5,055	2,705	2,355	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	251,800	130,405	121,395	185	100	90
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	8,720	6,635	2,085	50	35	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	9,780	8,190	1,595	0	0	0
22 Utilities	2,695	2,065	625	0	0	0
23 Construction	27,360	24,470	2,885	15	10	10
31-33 Manufacturing	16,735	11,520	5,215	35	35	10
41 Wholesale trade	5,640	4,065	1,580	15	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	31,755	13,635	18,125	10	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	12,235	9,105	3,125	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	3,690	1,975	1,715	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	5,255	1,585	3,675	0	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,520	1,515	1,005	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10,885	6,005	4,885	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	200	115	90	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	7,375	4,150	3,230	0	0	0
61 Educational services	17,800	6,130	11,670	0	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	37,130	6,040	31,090	20	0	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,595	1,885	1,720	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	17,660	6,285	11,370	25	0	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	10,565	4,680	5,890	0	0	0
91 Public administration	20,190	10,365	9,825	15	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	216,705	108,390	108,310	190	100	90
Worked at home	9,965	4,315	5,655	30	20	0
Worked outside Canada	650	530	120	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	26,135	20,220	5,910	10	10	0
Worked at usual place	179,955	83,330	96,625	155	75	80
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	179,955	83,335	96,625	150	75	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	96,140	41,420	54,720	35	25	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	71,710	33,265	38,445	100	40	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,615	5,795	2,820	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	3,495	2,850	645	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	206,085	103,555	102,540	160	80	80
Car, truck, van - as a driver	167,405	83,525	83,875	120	55	65
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	16,255	6,690	9,565	10	0	10
Public transit	5,185	3,340	1,845	0	0	0
Walked	10,010	4,405	5,605	35	20	10
Bicycle	315	260	55	0	0	0
Other method	6,925	5,330	1,595	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	206,090	103,555	102,540	160	80	80
Less than 15 minutes	95,355	42,345	53,015	75	50	20
15 to 29 minutes	68,435	34,355	34,085	65	20	40
30 to 44 minutes	20,960	11,500	9,460	15	10	10
45 to 59 minutes	6,490	3,755	2,730	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	14,850	11,605	3,245	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	206,090	103,555	102,540	160	80	80
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	11,825	9,160	2,665	15	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25,555	17,110	8,450	30	10	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	64,365	33,725	30,635	40	0	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	54,780	20,795	33,990	20	15	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	19,175	6,340	12,830	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30,390	16,420	13,970	45	25	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	286,035	148,060	137,975	205	105	100
Single responses	285,380	147,830	137,555	205	105	100
Official languages	284,750	147,500	137,250	200	100	100
English	283,805	147,190	136,610	0	0	0
French	945	310	640	200	105	100
Non-official languages	630	330	300	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	440	205	230	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	415	200	215	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	415	200	210	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	250	125	125	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	165	75	90	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	190	120	70	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	20	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	20	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	0	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	15	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	50	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	50	30	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	655	230	420	0	0	0
English and French	480	135	340	0	0	0
English and non-official language	170	95	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	286,035	148,060	137,975	200	100	100
None	281,215	146,080	135,130	190	95	100
English	1,115	405	710	15	10	0
French	2,665	1,060	1,605	0	0	0
Non-official language	995	475	520	0	0	0
Aboriginal	435	175	265	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	555	300	255	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	30	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	507,965	248,690	259,270	370	185	185
Non-movers	457,145	224,045	233,100	335	165	175
Movers	50,825	24,650	26,170	30	15	10
Non-migrants	26,690	12,990	13,695	10	0	0
Migrants	24,135	11,655	12,475	25	15	10
Internal migrants	22,190	10,710	11,475	30	20	10
Intraprovincial migrants	15,445	7,375	8,070	25	20	10
Interprovincial migrants	6,745	3,340	3,405	0	0	0
External migrants	1,945	950	995	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	489,795	239,505	250,295	350	175	180
Non-movers	347,175	169,930	177,245	260	130	135
Movers	142,625	69,575	73,050	90	45	45
Non-migrants	69,950	33,920	36,030	20	10	10
Migrants	72,675	35,660	37,015	65	35	35
Internal migrants	66,305	32,250	34,055	70	35	35
Intraprovincial migrants	42,755	20,410	22,345	70	40	30
Interprovincial migrants	23,545	11,835	11,710	0	0	0
External migrants	6,370	3,410	2,965	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Newfoundland and Labrador [Province] and Saint-Adrien-d'Irlande, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 14, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Newfoundland and Labrador [Province] and Saint-Adrien-d'Irlande, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Newfoundland and Labrador [Province] and Saint-Adrien-d'Irlande, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Newfoundland and Labrador [Province] and Saint-Adrien-d'Irlande, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec