Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nunavut [Territory] and Ponoka, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Nunavut [Territory]			Ponoka, T Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Nunavut [Territory] Map : Nunavut [Territory] Change geography 1			Data quality : Ponoka, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	35,944	...	...	7,229	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	31,906	...	...	6,778^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	12.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	11,433	...	...	3,301	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	9,819	...	...	3,010	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.0	...	...	417.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,877,778.53	...	...	17.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	35,945	18,390	17,550	7,230	3,495	3,730
0 to 14 years	11,685	5,975	5,710	1,330	690	640
0 to 4 years	4,155	2,130	2,025	480	265	220
5 to 9 years	4,120	2,130	1,985	425	205	220
10 to 14 years	3,415	1,720	1,700	425	225	205
15 to 64 years	22,895	11,710	11,190	4,600	2,235	2,365
15 to 19 years	3,140	1,600	1,535	430	215	215
20 to 24 years	3,045	1,535	1,510	415	205	205
25 to 29 years	3,185	1,610	1,580	525	275	250
30 to 34 years	2,815	1,390	1,425	480	225	255
35 to 39 years	2,385	1,210	1,180	430	210	220
40 to 44 years	2,030	1,065	965	390	190	200
45 to 49 years	2,065	1,055	1,005	435	195	240
50 to 54 years	1,840	955	890	520	245	275
55 to 59 years	1,405	750	655	505	255	250
60 to 64 years	975	535	440	470	225	245
65 years and over	1,360	710	655	1,300	570	730
65 to 69 years	655	340	310	330	155	170
70 to 74 years	345	180	165	285	150	140
75 to 79 years	205	110	100	245	105	140
80 to 84 years	105	50	50	180	70	115
85 years and over	55	25	25	255	90	165
85 to 89 years	40	20	25	145	65	80
90 to 94 years	10	5	5	90	20	65
95 to 99 years	5	5	5	15	5	15
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	32.5	32.5	32.5	18.4	19.7	17.2
15 to 64 years	63.7	63.7	63.8	63.6	63.9	63.4
65 years and over	3.8	3.9	3.7	18.0	16.3	19.6
85 years and over	0.2	0.1	0.1	3.5	2.6	4.4
Average age of the population	27.7	27.8	27.5	40.9	39.5	42.3
Median age of the population	25.1	25.2	25.1	40.1	38.2	42.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
Single-detached house	4,355	...	...	2,030	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	110	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,335	...	...	790	...	...
Semi-detached house	875	...	...	155	...	...
Row house	2,960	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	175	...	...	115	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,300	...	...	440	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	20	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
1 person	1,855	...	...	990	...	...
2 persons	1,890	...	...	1,035	...	...
3 persons	1,495	...	...	390	...	...
4 persons	1,545	...	...	355	...	...
5 or more persons	3,030	...	...	240	...	...
Number of persons in private households	35,580	...	...	6,985	...	...
Average household size	3.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	24,260	12,415	11,840	5,900	2,805	3,095
Married or living common law	12,895	6,480	6,420	3,265	1,645	1,625
Married	6,625	3,350	3,280	2,675	1,350	1,320
Living common law	6,270	3,130	3,140	595	290	300
Not married and not living common law	11,360	5,935	5,425	2,630	1,160	1,475
Never married	9,790	5,345	4,450	1,470	795	680
Separated	405	185	215	205	80	125
Divorced	440	190	255	490	205	290
Widowed	720	220	505	470	85	380
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,780	...	...	1,955	...	...
2 persons	2,825	...	...	1,060	...	...
3 persons	2,145	...	...	380	...	...
4 persons	1,690	...	...	340	...	...
5 or more persons	2,115	...	...	180	...	...
Average size of census families	3.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,780	...	...	1,955	...	...
Total couple families	6,225	...	...	1,585	...	...
Married couples	3,095	...	...	1,285	...	...
Common-law couples	3,135	...	...	295	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,550	...	...	375	...	...
Female parent	1,820	...	...	300	...	...
Male parent	735	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	6,230	...	...	1,585	...	...
Couples without children	1,465	...	...	840	...	...
Couples with children	4,760	...	...	750	...	...
1 child	1,440	...	...	285	...	...
2 children	1,400	...	...	295	...	...
3 or more children	1,920	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,555	...	...	375	...	...
1 child	1,360	...	...	225	...	...
2 children	700	...	...	100	...	...
3 or more children	485	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,475	2,555	1,915	1,410	680	730
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
One-census-family households	6,355	...	...	1,865	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,065	...	...	805	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,290	...	...	1,060	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,140	...	...	45	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,320	...	...	1,100	...	...
One-person households	1,855	...	...	990	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	470	...	...	110	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	35,690	18,200	17,490	7,125	3,450	3,670
English only	32,065	16,345	15,715	6,945	3,375	3,575
French only	60	35	20	0	5	5
English and French	1,525	795	725	160	75	90
Neither English nor French	2,045	1,025	1,025	15	10	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	35,690	18,200	17,490	7,125	3,455	3,670
English	32,990	16,795	16,195	7,035	3,410	3,630
French	580	340	240	70	35	35
English and French	90	50	40	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	2,025	1,015	1,015	10	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	625	365	260	70	35	40
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	2.0	1.5	1.0	1.0	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	35,695	18,200	17,490	7,125	3,455	3,670
Single responses	34,960	17,830	17,130	7,005	3,395	3,610
Official languages	11,615	6,085	5,530	6,275	3,065	3,215
English	11,020	5,740	5,280	6,200	3,030	3,175
French	595	350	240	80	35	40
Non-official languages	23,345	11,740	11,605	730	330	400
Aboriginal languages	22,610	11,360	11,250	30	10	20
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	30	10	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	15	5	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	22,600	11,355	11,245	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	495	220	275	0	0	0
Inuktitut	22,070	11,125	10,945	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	735	380	350	695	320	375
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	60	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	45	15	0	5	0
Amharic	20	10	5	0	0	0
Arabic	40	30	10	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	65	105	335	155	180
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	5
Ilocano	20	5	10	20	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	50	80	295	135	160
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	10	5	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	270	145	120	300	140	165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	30	15	30	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	45	30	15	30	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	15	0	10	5	5
Russian	10	5	5	5	5	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	10	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	40	30	215	90	120
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	5
Danish	5	5	0	10	5	5
Dutch	15	5	5	60	30	30
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	35	20	15	120	45	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	45	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	80	40	35	35	20	15
Bengali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	5	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	15	20	5	10
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30	15	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	5	0	5
Portuguese	5	5	0	5	0	0
Romanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	45	20	25	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	10	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	50	30	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	30	10	5	10
Chinese languages	50	20	30	10	0	10
Cantonese	15	5	10	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	15	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	5	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	5
Hungarian	10	5	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	735	370	365	115	60	60
English and French	25	10	15	5	5	5
English and non-official language	685	355	335	105	50	55
French and non-official language	10	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	35,695	18,200	17,490	7,120	3,455	3,670
Single responses	35,085	17,895	17,185	6,910	3,350	3,560
Official languages	17,030	8,660	8,370	6,630	3,220	3,415
English	16,685	8,470	8,215	6,615	3,210	3,405
French	345	190	155	15	10	10
Non-official languages	18,055	9,240	8,815	275	130	145
Aboriginal languages	17,735	9,070	8,665	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	17,735	9,070	8,665	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	110	45	60	0	0	0
Inuktitut	17,600	9,015	8,590	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	320	165	150	265	130	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	55	60	170	85	90
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	55	60	165	80	85
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	50	35	70	30	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	5	0	5
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	30	10	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	5	0	15	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20	35	15	20
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	20	35	15	15
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	10	5	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5	20	10	10
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	5	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	15	0	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	15	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	5	0	5
Chinese languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Cantonese	5	0	5	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	610	305	305	215	105	110
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	5
English and non-official language	585	290	295	210	100	110
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	35,690	18,205	17,490	7,120	3,455	3,670
None	17,430	8,995	8,435	6,675	3,235	3,440
English	9,555	4,885	4,670	160	80	85
French	240	130	110	30	20	10
Non-official language	8,425	4,175	4,250	260	120	135
Aboriginal	7,990	3,960	4,025	50	25	30
Non-Aboriginal	435	215	220	205	100	105
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	15	10	0	5	5
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	23,930	12,180	11,755	5,665	2,725	2,940
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,435	11,345	11,090	5,470	2,620	2,845
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,743	28,817	30,326	39,120	50,286	31,923
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,435	11,345	11,090	5,470	2,625	2,850
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,635	27,517	29,403	35,261	44,160	29,239
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,220	9,910	9,315	5,040	2,465	2,575
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,583	31,667	29,517	37,604	49,459	29,728
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,890	11,040	10,840	3,480	1,395	2,090
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,524	1,275	4,682	6,791	8,311	6,307
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,590	9,605	8,985	4,200	2,110	2,090
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,724	30,603	28,640	40,038	51,090	31,787
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	23,935	12,175	11,755	5,660	2,720	2,940
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,435	11,345	11,090	5,490	2,620	2,865
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,689	50,882	50,492	50,714	61,015	41,287
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,435	11,345	11,090	5,485	2,620	2,865
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,247	42,937	43,564	42,573	50,215	35,580
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,225	9,905	9,310	5,030	2,435	2,595
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,115	53,453	50,693	49,254	60,545	38,668
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,885	11,045	10,845	3,470	1,390	2,085
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,191	4,314	8,103	8,787	9,092	8,584
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,590	9,605	8,980	4,200	2,060	2,140
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,195	52,454	49,849	47,702	57,597	38,170
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	23,930	12,175	11,755	5,665	2,725	2,940
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,580	3,925	3,655	1,710	930	780
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	90,230	88,548	91,332	58,288	67,077	48,749
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	88,321	89,311	87,259	64,842	74,131	53,752
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.1	91.8	84.3	89.0	92.1	84.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	83.7	87.2	80.0	73.8	76.5	70.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.9	8.3	15.7	11.1	8.0	15.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	23,930	12,180	11,755	5,660	2,720	2,940
Without total income	1,495	830	665	190	100	90
With total income	22,435	11,345	11,095	5,470	2,620	2,850
Percentage with total income	93.8	93.1	94.4	96.6	96.3	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,320	3,165	2,155	625	225	400
$10,000 to $19,999	3,350	1,480	1,870	745	270	480
$20,000 to $29,999	2,610	1,135	1,475	765	290	475
$30,000 to $39,999	1,810	840	965	650	260	395
$40,000 to $49,999	1,190	575	610	585	260	325
$50,000 to $59,999	810	400	410	475	245	225
$60,000 to $69,999	730	375	360	375	210	170
$70,000 to $79,999	735	370	365	300	195	110
$80,000 to $89,999	820	440	380	220	145	80
$90,000 to $99,999	835	375	460	205	140	65
$100,000 and over	4,230	2,185	2,045	520	390	130
$100,000 to $149,999	3,215	1,570	1,645	375	275	105
$150,000 and over	1,010	615	400	145	120	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	23,930	12,180	11,755	5,660	2,720	2,940
Without after-tax income	1,495	835	665	190	100	90
With after-tax income	22,435	11,345	11,095	5,470	2,620	2,850
Percentage with after-tax income	93.8	93.1	94.4	96.6	96.3	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,335	3,165	2,170	640	230	410
$10,000 to $19,999	3,410	1,530	1,880	785	280	500
$20,000 to $29,999	2,825	1,250	1,570	870	325	545
$30,000 to $39,999	1,920	915	1,005	820	345	470
$40,000 to $49,999	1,270	605	665	665	335	320
$50,000 to $59,999	980	500	485	545	300	240
$60,000 to $69,999	1,015	505	510	340	220	120
$70,000 to $79,999	1,085	555	530	280	190	90
$80,000 and over	4,595	2,315	2,280	535	390	145
$80,000 to $89,999	1,095	500	590	195	130	65
$90,000 to $99,999	1,025	480	550	100	70	30
$100,000 and over	2,475	1,335	1,145	240	190	50
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	23,930	12,180	11,755	5,660	2,725	2,940
Without employment income	5,340	2,575	2,770	1,465	610	855
With employment income	18,590	9,600	8,985	4,200	2,110	2,090
Percentage with employment income	77.7	78.8	76.4	74.2	77.4	71.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,930	1,925	2,000	475	210	270
$5,000 to $9,999	1,800	875	925	300	120	175
$10,000 to $19,999	2,150	1,135	1,015	490	190	300
$20,000 to $29,999	1,440	815	620	380	145	240
$30,000 to $39,999	1,025	580	445	455	180	270
$40,000 to $49,999	815	430	380	420	190	235
$50,000 to $59,999	710	350	360	360	180	180
$60,000 to $69,999	655	355	295	305	175	135
$70,000 to $79,999	680	360	320	235	165	70
$80,000 and over	5,390	2,775	2,615	775	560	215
$80,000 to $89,999	755	410	345	180	120	60
$90,000 to $99,999	805	345	460	170	110	60
$100,000 and over	3,830	2,020	1,810	425	335	95
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	97,441	...	...	74,313	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	85,605	...	...	64,540	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,855	...	...	990	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	72,960	...	...	38,720	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	61,184	...	...	34,706	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	7,965	...	...	2,020	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,778	...	...	96,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,402	...	...	82,505	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	9,815	...	...	3,010	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	115,823	...	...	92,457	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	98,818	...	...	77,616	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,855	...	...	995	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	79,545	...	...	46,907	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	65,262	...	...	39,928	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	7,965	...	...	2,015	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	124,267	...	...	114,937	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	106,628	...	...	96,215	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	265	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	205	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	235	...	...	105	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	295	...	...	170	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...	115	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	325	...	...	120	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	325	...	...	140	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	340	...	...	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	305	...	...	120	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	550	...	...	225	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	520	...	...	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	435	...	...	185	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	415	...	...	185	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	410	...	...	180	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,795	...	...	1,035	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,070	...	...	360	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	920	...	...	240	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,160	...	...	260	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,645	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	270	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	240	...	...	110	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	300	...	...	175	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	325	...	...	140	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	330	...	...	135	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	350	...	...	165	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	340	...	...	140	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	355	...	...	140	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	615	...	...	270	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	590	...	...	235	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	560	...	...	245	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	575	...	...	240	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	565	...	...	155	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,100	...	...	745	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,200	...	...	330	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	835	...	...	190	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,070	...	...	220	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	7,705	...	...	1,940	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,421	...	...	94,557	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,747	...	...	81,105	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,005	...	...	785	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	162,304	...	...	88,525	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	136,265	...	...	77,056	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,640	...	...	750	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,476	...	...	118,528	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,481	...	...	101,120	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	5.2	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,700	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,760	...	...	57,088	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,070	...	...	52,608	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	7,705	...	...	1,930	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	121,531	...	...	114,029	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	104,373	...	...	95,405	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,005	...	...	790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	162,943	...	...	111,014	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	134,556	...	...	92,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,635	...	...	765	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	132,126	...	...	138,614	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,780	...	...	115,574	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,700	...	...	335	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,190	...	...	65,319	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,121	...	...	57,287	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,705	1,580	1,130	1,275	615	655
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	61,995	50,048	78,080	37,490	43,072	33,813
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	54,496	45,227	66,918	33,749	37,653	31,501
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,705	1,585	1,130	1,275	600	670
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	74,013	68,372	81,933	45,925	51,528	40,889
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	61,196	56,528	67,748	39,038	42,742	35,710
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	35,580	18,135	17,440	6,985	3,410	3,575
In the bottom half of the distribution	19,105	9,740	9,360	3,240	1,500	1,735
In the bottom decile	5,315	2,730	2,590	485	230	255
In the second decile	4,460	2,250	2,210	630	270	360
In the third decile	3,725	1,915	1,815	700	320	385
In the fourth decile	2,865	1,470	1,395	700	330	375
In the fifth decile	2,725	1,380	1,355	715	355	360
In the top half of the distribution	16,475	8,390	8,085	3,745	1,910	1,835
In the sixth decile	2,285	1,195	1,085	775	370	405
In the seventh decile	2,420	1,250	1,175	730	360	370
In the eighth decile	2,555	1,290	1,260	730	380	350
In the ninth decile	3,180	1,635	1,550	770	395	375
In the top decile	6,035	3,020	3,015	740	395	345
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	6,990	3,415	3,575
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	1,570	810	755
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	570	310	260
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	4,330	2,100	2,230
65 years and over	0	0	0	1,090	500	590
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	740	350	390
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	215	120	100
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	85	50	35
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	425	195	225
65 years and over	0	0	0	100	35	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	10.6	10.2	10.9
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	13.7	14.8	13.2
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	14.9	16.1	13.5
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	9.8	9.3	10.1
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	9.2	7.0	10.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	325	155	170
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	100	55	45
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	40	20	15
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	210	90	115
65 years and over	0	0	0	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	4.6	4.5	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	6.4	6.8	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	7.0	6.5	5.8
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	4.8	4.3	5.2
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	1.8	2.0	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	35,580	18,135	17,445	6,985	3,410	3,575
Official languages	33,535	17,120	16,420	6,965	3,405	3,565
English	33,485	17,080	16,400	6,965	3,395	3,565
French	1,565	820	745	170	90	80
Non-official languages	28,440	14,375	14,065	955	475	480
Aboriginal languages	27,345	13,815	13,530	80	25	50
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	80	30	50
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	70	25	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	25	10	15
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	0	45	15	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	10	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	27,320	13,805	13,520	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,135	525	615	0	0	0
Inuktitut	26,215	13,305	12,910	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,235	625	605	875	440	435
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	80	40	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	60	30	0	0	0
Amharic	20	20	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	45	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	25	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	215	80	130	345	175	175
Bikol	10	0	0	0	10	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	50	25	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	200	80	125	345	175	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	20	15	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	565	290	275	375	180	195
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	40	35	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	45	35	25	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	0	0	10
Russian	35	15	20	10	10	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	150	70	75	240	105	130
Afrikaans	15	10	10	40	20	20
Danish	15	0	0	15	10	0
Dutch	15	0	10	50	25	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	105	50	55	135	60	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	55	45	45	30	15
Indo-Aryan languages	95	50	40	35	25	10
Bengali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	30	20	10	20	15	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	20	0	10
Iranian languages	10	10	0	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	255	125	130	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	10	0	10
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	10	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	210	105	105	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	110	70	40	40	25	15
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	30	20	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ganda	10	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	20	15	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	15	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	35	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	135	60	75	0	0	0
American Sign Language	70	35	40	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	40	50	15	35
Chinese languages	75	40	40	50	15	35
Cantonese	25	10	15	50	15	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	15	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	10	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	35,580	18,140	17,440	6,985	3,410	3,575
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	35,285	17,990	17,290	6,600	3,215	3,385
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,480	6,915	6,560	1,495	770	720
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,805	11,080	10,725	5,105	2,445	2,660
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	300	145	155	385	195	190
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	35,580	18,140	17,445	6,985	3,410	3,580
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	34,600	17,630	16,980	6,170	3,000	3,165
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	915	485	435	750	380	370
Before 1981	155	95	55	215	120	95
1981 to 1990	100	60	40	40	20	30
1991 to 2000	160	85	75	90	45	45
2001 to 2010	335	170	165	155	65	90
2001 to 2005	165	90	70	50	20	30
2006 to 2010	175	80	95	100	40	65
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	165	75	90	245	135	110
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	55	25	35	70	30	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	920	485	430	750	380	370
Under 5 years	100	50	55	80	30	50
5 to 14 years	160	95	65	135	90	40
15 to 24 years	165	85	75	165	80	85
25 to 44 years	435	225	215	325	155	175
45 years and over	55	35	25	40	25	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	920	485	430	750	380	370
Americas	160	75	85	65	20	45
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mexico	0	10	0	0	10	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	30	35	40	10	30
Other places of birth in Americas	45	25	25	10	0	0
Europe	195	120	70	190	110	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	25	15	10	25	10	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungary	0	10	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	40	25	20
Poland	15	10	0	10	0	10
Portugal	0	10	0	10	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	80	50	30	60	30	35
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	10	20	10	10
Africa	190	110	80	60	40	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	10	15	10	10	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	105	60	40	35	20	10
Asia	370	175	195	430	215	215
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bangladesh	25	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	30	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	10	0
India	30	15	15	30	25	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	15	15	20	10	10
Philippines	185	75	110	315	160	160
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	20	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	165	75	90	245	135	110
Americas	35	15	15	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	10	15	10	10
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	10
Africa	45	25	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	75	30	45	230	135	105
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	15	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	50	20	30	200	115	80
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	35,580	18,135	17,440	6,985	3,410	3,580
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,025	530	495	825	415	415
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	925	480	445	1,115	535	585
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	33,630	17,125	16,500	5,040	2,465	2,570
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	770	390	380	535	255	275
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	430	210	220	435	210	225
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	230	115	115	165	110	55
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	195	90	110	270	95	175
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	235	115	120	85	35	50
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	105	65	35	15	15	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	35,580	18,140	17,445	6,990	3,415	3,580
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	30,555	15,415	15,140	550	270	280
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	30,495	15,385	15,105	540	260	280
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	190	90	100	385	185	200
Métis	165	85	75	150	70	75
Inuk (Inuit)	30,135	15,205	14,925	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	55	20	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	10	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,025	2,725	2,300	6,435	3,145	3,295
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	35,580	18,140	17,440	6,990	3,410	3,575
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	165	75	90	335	165	170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	35,410	18,060	17,355	6,650	3,245	3,405
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	35,580	18,135	17,445	6,985	3,410	3,575
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25,215	12,745	12,470	275	130	145
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25,025	12,665	12,365	275	125	145
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	100	50	55	270	125	145
Métis single ancestry	40	15	25	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	24,890	12,600	12,290	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	190	85	110	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	165	70	95	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,205	2,595	2,610	315	170	145
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,985	2,495	2,495	315	170	140
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	255	140	120	195	105	85
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	40	25	110	55	50
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,665	2,315	2,355	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	215	100	115	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	75	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	25	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,160	2,795	2,365	6,395	3,110	3,290
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	35,580	18,135	17,440	6,985	3,410	3,580
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	905	450	460	685	350	335
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	115	60	55	95	60	30
Chinese	75	30	45	50	15	35
Black	330	180	150	105	50	55
Filipino	230	95	135	395	200	195
Latin American	40	20	20	10	10	10
Arab	40	30	10	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	30	10	15	10	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	15	15	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	10	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	34,670	17,685	16,985	6,305	3,065	3,240
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	35,580	18,140	17,445	6,990	3,410	3,575
North American Aboriginal origins	30,420	15,340	15,075	590	300	290
First Nations (North American Indian)	690	345	350	470	230	240
Inuit	29,950	15,095	14,855	10	10	0
Métis	185	95	95	115	65	55
Other North American origins	1,815	960	860	2,250	1,090	1,160
Acadian	105	50	55	10	0	10
American	230	120	110	145	65	75
Canadian	1,305	685	630	2,150	1,045	1,105
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	125	70	50	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	40	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	8,315	4,345	3,975	4,915	2,400	2,510
British Isles origins	5,815	3,015	2,790	2,980	1,435	1,545
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,625	825	800	1,575	770	810
Irish	1,745	895	850	965	425	540
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,265	1,695	1,575	1,255	520	730
Welsh	160	85	80	290	150	135
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	355	200	150	60	30	30
French origins	1,485	785	700	710	335	375
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,475	780	695	710	335	380
Western European origins (except French origins)	975	470	505	2,065	1,000	1,065
Austrian	35	25	15	10	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belgian	30	20	15	35	20	15
Dutch	190	90	105	525	245	280
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
German	745	355	390	1,580	775	805
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	20	0	10	50	30	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	0	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	675	335	340	860	345	515
Danish	290	145	150	200	95	105
Finnish	50	25	25	55	20	35
Icelandic	30	10	25	10	0	0
Norwegian	145	70	80	450	185	270
Swedish	115	65	55	230	70	155
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	85	45	40	65	30	35
Eastern European origins	515	260	255	975	470	505
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	25	10	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	45	20	25	195	110	85
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	145	90	55	285	125	165
Romanian	20	10	15	15	0	10
Russian	100	60	40	220	110	110
Slovak	15	10	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	190	90	100	385	205	185
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	15	15	10	10	0
Southern European origins	420	215	205	175	90	85
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	0	35	15	20
Italian	175	95	85	95	50	45
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	115	60	55	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	75	35	40	35	15	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	345	190	155	40	30	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	305	170	140	35	30	0
Caribbean origins	95	50	45	20	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	10	10	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	40	20	20	10	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	65	30	35	20	0	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	10	0	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salvadorean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	465	255	210	95	50	45
Central and West African origins	65	35	30	50	30	20
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	10	30	25	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	15	10	0	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	10	10	10	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins	30	15	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80	60	25	40	20	20
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	40	20	20
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	10	15	10	10
Other African origins	285	145	140	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	240	120	120	0	0	0
Asian origins	615	280	335	565	295	275
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	100	60	40	0	0	10
Afghan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	15	0	10	10	10
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	40	20	15	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	130	65	65	80	50	35
Bangladeshi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	65	35	35	80	50	35
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	385	155	225	475	240	235
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	115	50	70	55	15	35
Filipino	245	100	145	395	195	195
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	20	15	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	15	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	0	0	10	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
Owner	1,960	...	...	2,155	...	...
Renter	7,860	...	...	855	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
Condominium	265	...	...	180	...	...
Not condominium	9,555	...	...	2,830	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	1,365	...	...	220	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,835	...	...	730	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,100	...	...	860	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,495	...	...	1,180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,865	...	...	575	...	...
5 rooms	2,515	...	...	525	...	...
6 rooms	1,435	...	...	385	...	...
7 rooms	625	...	...	410	...	...
8 or more rooms	380	...	...	1,110	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.6	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,650	...	...	2,960	...	...
More than 1 person per room	2,170	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	9,815	...	...	3,010	...	...
Suitable	6,785	...	...	2,935	...	...
Not suitable	3,035	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
1960 or before	170	...	...	665	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,150	...	...	1,020	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,995	...	...	425	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,095	...	...	285	...	...
2001 to 2005	860	...	...	240	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,285	...	...	250	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,260	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,255	...	...	2,760	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,560	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,830	...	...	1,900	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,780	...	...	1,075	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	205	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	9,820	...	...	3,010	...	...
15 to 24 years	400	...	...	95	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,480	...	...	530	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,370	...	...	410	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,285	...	...	600	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,460	...	...	615	...	...
65 to 74 years	610	...	...	375	...	...
75 to 84 years	180	...	...	300	...	...
85 years and over	30	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	9,810	...	...	3,000	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,240	...	...	2,390	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	570	...	...	610	...	...
30% to less than 100%	465	...	...	565	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,955	...	...	2,160	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.2	...	...	59.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	7.9	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,497	...	...	1,041	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,700	...	...	1,119	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,924	...	...	250,727	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	352,070	...	...	269,469	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,860	...	...	855	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	83.5	...	...	15.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	5.2	...	...	37.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	281	...	...	914	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	736	...	...	1,021	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	23,935	12,175	11,755	5,665	2,725	2,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,140	6,175	5,960	1,235	635	595
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,615	1,825	1,785	1,770	830	935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,175	4,170	4,010	2,660	1,250	1,410
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,840	1,450	385	630	525	105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,140	835	305	155	95	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	695	615	80	475	430	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,580	1,530	2,050	1,190	375	810
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	95	125	210	65	140
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,545	1,095	1,445	635	285	345
Bachelor's degree	1,680	710	970	425	175	245
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	45	45	50	20	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	50	35	10
Master's degree	700	305	395	105	50	55
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	25	20	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,485	8,395	8,090	3,735	1,800	1,930
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,750	3,435	3,315	600	335	260
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,405	1,265	1,140	1,175	560	610
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,325	3,690	3,635	1,965	900	1,060
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,595	1,255	335	435	370	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	995	725	265	85	60	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	600	530	70	355	315	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,185	1,345	1,840	925	285	640
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	200	85	115	130	50	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,355	1,005	1,345	465	200	270
Bachelor's degree	1,545	645	895	300	125	175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	40	40	35	10	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	45	30	15
Master's degree	665	295	375	80	25	60
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	23,930	12,180	11,755	5,660	2,720	2,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,755	8,005	7,745	3,005	1,470	1,535
Education	1,005	290	715	240	55	185
13. Education	1,010	295	715	240	55	185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	195	110	85	40	15	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	0	0	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	160	85	75	35	10	20
Humanities	370	155	210	65	30	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	105	15	85	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	60	15	45	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	35	40	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	10	25	15	10
54. History	60	40	25	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,010	320	690	130	35	100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	180	45	135	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	25	25	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	310	20	290	30	10	25
22. Legal professions and studies	130	60	70	30	10	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	60	25	35	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	250	140	110	40	15	25
Business, management and public administration	1,655	555	1,105	435	130	305
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	210	55	155	60	10	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,445	500	950	370	115	255
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	110	100	60	35	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	30	35	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	35	40	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	15	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	30	0	15	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	105	70	30	25	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	90	50	30	15	10
25. Library science	10	10	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,620	1,475	145	655	605	45
04. Architecture and related services	45	30	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	105	90	15	35	30	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	310	255	50	95	85	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	715	680	40	185	185	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	365	350	15	200	180	15
48. Precision production	75	75	10	135	130	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	155	60	95	70	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	10	80	55	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	195	150	50	20	15	0
Health and related fields	750	195	560	775	195	585
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	110	65	40	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	645	125	520	750	165	585
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	10	20	20	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	980	710	270	135	60	75
12. Personal and culinary services	315	110	205	90	25	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	160	130	30	20	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	505	465	40	25	25	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,480	8,395	8,090	3,735	1,800	1,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,155	4,700	4,455	1,775	900	875
Education	905	260	650	145	35	115
13. Education	905	260	650	150	35	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170	95	75	25	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	75	70	20	10	15
Humanities	320	130	190	25	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	15	75	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	60	15	45	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	30	40	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10	15	10	10
54. History	45	35	20	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	900	280	615	100	20	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	140	40	100	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	25	25	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	280	20	265	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	120	55	65	30	10	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	55	15	35	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	230	125	105	15	0	10
Business, management and public administration	1,510	495	1,015	350	100	245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	50	140	55	10	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,325	450	875	290	90	200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	95	90	40	20	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	30	30	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	25	35	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	15	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	25	10	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	95	65	25	20	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	85	50	25	15	10
25. Library science	10	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,410	1,285	125	480	445	35
04. Architecture and related services	45	25	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	100	80	15	20	20	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	275	230	45	85	75	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	635	595	35	145	140	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	305	290	10	130	120	15
48. Precision production	60	60	0	100	90	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190	140	55	65	45	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	10	55	40	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	135	45	10	10	0
Health and related fields	690	180	510	600	140	455
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	100	65	35	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	590	115	480	580	120	455
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	20	20	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	865	625	245	110	60	50
12. Personal and culinary services	280	100	185	65	30	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	140	115	30	15	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	445	410	35	25	25	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	23,930	12,175	11,755	5,660	2,725	2,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,755	8,005	7,745	3,005	1,470	1,535
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,175	4,170	4,010	2,660	1,255	1,405
Location of study inside Canada	7,645	3,900	3,745	2,330	1,080	1,250
Same as province or territory of residence	3,330	1,485	1,850	1,910	915	995
Different than province or territory of residence	4,310	2,415	1,895	420	165	250
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	535	270	265	325	170	155
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	60	55	40	25	15
Philippines	135	45	85	140	60	80
India	20	10	10	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	70	40	30	45	20	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	10	10	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	180	105	75	70	40	30
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,480	8,395	8,090	3,735	1,805	1,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,155	4,700	4,455	1,775	900	870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,325	3,690	3,635	1,960	905	1,060
Location of study inside Canada	6,840	3,445	3,390	1,730	780	950
Same as province or territory of residence	2,975	1,290	1,680	1,430	660	765
Different than province or territory of residence	3,860	2,150	1,710	305	120	185
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	490	245	240	230	120	110
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	105	55	45	15	10	10
Philippines	120	40	80	120	55	70
India	20	10	10	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	35	25	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	170	95	75	55	35	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	23,935	12,180	11,755	5,665	2,725	2,940
In the labour force	16,340	8,515	7,820	3,785	1,905	1,870
Employed	12,820	6,430	6,395	3,415	1,690	1,730
Unemployed	3,515	2,090	1,425	365	225	145
Not in the labour force	7,590	3,660	3,935	1,880	810	1,065
Participation rate	68.3	69.9	66.5	66.8	69.9	63.6
Employment rate	53.6	52.8	54.4	60.3	62.0	58.8
Unemployment rate	21.5	24.5	18.2	9.6	11.8	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	23,935	12,175	11,755	5,665	2,720	2,940
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,420	3,600	3,815	1,665	715	950
Worked	16,515	8,575	7,935	4,000	2,010	1,990
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,760	4,035	3,720	1,755	970	780
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	8,755	4,540	4,215	2,250	1,040	1,210
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.0	37.6	38.4	42.1	41.9	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	16,335	8,520	7,825	3,780	1,910	1,875
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,385	740	650	70	20	45
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	14,955	7,780	7,170	3,710	1,885	1,830
Employee	14,505	7,485	7,020	3,285	1,555	1,730
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	445	295	150	425	325	105
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	16,340	8,515	7,825	3,780	1,910	1,870
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,390	735	650	65	25	45
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	14,955	7,780	7,170	3,715	1,885	1,830
0 Management occupations	1,400	850	550	345	230	110
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,205	610	1,590	440	95	345
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	455	355	100	95	75	25
3 Health occupations	450	65	385	545	140	405
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,310	1,045	2,265	345	80	265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	570	285	285	105	40	65
6 Sales and service occupations	3,505	1,690	1,815	795	280	510
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,565	2,435	130	800	715	80
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	300	275	15	135	115	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	205	165	45	115	100	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	16,340	8,515	7,820	3,785	1,905	1,870
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,385	735	650	70	25	45
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	14,955	7,780	7,175	3,715	1,885	1,825
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	155	145	15	100	85	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	595	440	160	220	195	25
22 Utilities	285	240	40	10	10	0
23 Construction	930	815	115	335	270	55
31-33 Manufacturing	150	100	50	190	170	30
41 Wholesale trade	105	80	25	115	90	30
44-45 Retail trade	1,720	835	885	405	205	205
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	795	625	175	135	120	15
51 Information and cultural industries	195	110	85	25	10	15
52 Finance and insurance	115	30	75	85	10	80
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	495	335	165	45	20	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	290	155	135	120	70	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	385	245	135	85	40	40
61 Educational services	1,840	520	1,315	210	55	155
62 Health care and social assistance	1,245	220	1,030	875	190	685
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	285	175	110	60	35	25
72 Accommodation and food services	565	220	345	290	95	195
81 Other services (except public administration)	460	255	205	245	125	120
91 Public administration	4,345	2,240	2,105	160	100	60
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	12,820	6,425	6,395	3,420	1,690	1,730
Worked at home	385	215	170	165	95	70
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	0	10	0
No fixed workplace address	945	815	135	430	330	100
Worked at usual place	11,485	5,395	6,090	2,815	1,255	1,560
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	11,485	5,395	6,090	2,815	1,255	1,560
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,050	5,110	5,940	2,030	800	1,230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	350	235	120	490	300	185
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	20	10	275	140	135
Commute to a different province or territory	50	35	20	15	0	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	12,430	6,210	6,225	3,245	1,585	1,660
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,605	2,135	1,470	2,805	1,385	1,420
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,225	1,045	1,175	195	85	100
Public transit	105	50	50	10	10	0
Walked	5,495	2,395	3,100	180	70	110
Bicycle	20	15	10	30	20	10
Other method	995	565	430	30	15	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	12,430	6,210	6,225	3,245	1,580	1,660
Less than 15 minutes	10,585	5,255	5,330	1,890	750	1,145
15 to 29 minutes	1,330	625	705	580	325	250
30 to 44 minutes	145	60	80	470	290	185
45 to 59 minutes	60	45	20	145	90	55
60 minutes and over	315	230	85	155	130	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	12,430	6,210	6,220	3,240	1,585	1,660
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	135	110	25	270	195	75
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	580	425	160	625	355	265
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,060	1,365	690	845	450	390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,595	2,860	3,735	600	225	370
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,545	765	780	295	90	200
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,510	685	830	620	265	355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	17,000	8,780	8,215	4,140	2,085	2,050
Single responses	16,715	8,635	8,080	4,130	2,085	2,045
Official languages	12,215	6,465	5,745	4,130	2,085	2,045
English	12,145	6,430	5,710	4,130	2,085	2,045
French	70	40	35	0	0	0
Non-official languages	4,500	2,170	2,330	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	4,475	2,155	2,320	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	4,475	2,160	2,320	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Inuktitut	4,450	2,155	2,300	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	285	145	140	10	0	10
English and French	15	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	270	135	135	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	17,000	8,780	8,220	4,135	2,085	2,050
None	7,360	4,060	3,295	4,080	2,065	2,010
English	3,665	1,705	1,960	0	0	0
French	355	210	140	0	0	10
Non-official language	5,560	2,770	2,785	55	20	35
Aboriginal	5,520	2,760	2,765	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	40	10	25	45	20	25
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	34,880	17,750	17,125	6,905	3,355	3,550
Non-movers	29,485	15,105	14,375	5,835	2,840	2,985
Movers	5,400	2,640	2,750	1,075	510	560
Non-migrants	3,560	1,760	1,800	620	280	335
Migrants	1,835	885	955	455	230	225
Internal migrants	1,785	865	925	410	205	205
Intraprovincial migrants	795	380	415	360	185	175
Interprovincial migrants	990	480	510	55	20	35
External migrants	50	20	30	45	25	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	31,435	16,015	15,420	6,545	3,185	3,360
Non-movers	18,455	9,575	8,880	3,620	1,750	1,870
Movers	12,975	6,440	6,535	2,925	1,435	1,490
Non-migrants	8,745	4,355	4,395	1,480	695	785
Migrants	4,235	2,085	2,150	1,440	740	700
Internal migrants	4,045	2,005	2,040	1,295	665	625
Intraprovincial migrants	1,510	755	755	985	520	455
Interprovincial migrants	2,535	1,250	1,285	315	145	170
External migrants	185	80	105	150	75	75

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Nunavut [Territory] and Ponoka, T [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nunavut [Territory] and Ponoka, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Nunavut [Territory] and Ponoka, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nunavut [Territory] and Ponoka, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta