Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (10), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

Data table

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Geography Geographic index

Immigrant status and period of immigration (10)^{Footnote 1}

Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , immigrant status and period of immigration , age and sex for the population in private households in Prince Edward Island / Île-du-Prince-Édouard
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 2
Population in private households - 25% sample data	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	800	4,585
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	139,685	134,185	4,475	230	800	4,590
0 to 14 years	22,630	21,890	385	100	260	435
0 to 4 years	6,990	6,715	125	15	135	125
5 to 9 years	7,895	7,660	120	40	75	140
10 to 14 years	7,755	7,515	140	45	50	165
15 to 64 years	91,245	87,720	2,915	115	495	2,975
15 to 19 years	8,515	8,215	215	45	30	245
20 to 24 years	8,420	8,275	135	15	0	140
25 to 29 years	7,525	7,320	175	10	15	180
30 to 34 years	7,625	7,355	225	10	40	225
35 to 39 years	8,090	7,790	200	10	100	200
40 to 44 years	8,735	8,320	295	10	115	295
45 to 49 years	9,445	8,970	355	0	115	355
50 to 54 years	11,135	10,620	465	10	35	470
55 to 59 years	11,200	10,700	465	10	20	470
60 to 64 years	10,560	10,150	385	0	20	390
65 years and over	25,805	24,575	1,175	15	45	1,180
65 to 69 years	9,745	9,355	375	10	15	375
70 to 74 years	6,495	6,195	285	10	10	290
75 to 79 years	4,525	4,280	230	0	10	235
80 to 84 years	2,935	2,735	190	0	10	190
85 years and over	2,110	2,015	95	10	0	90
85 to 89 years	1,420	1,335	80	0	0	80
90 to 94 years	560	555	0	0	0	10
95 to 99 years	115	115	0	0	0	10
100 years and over	15	15	10	0	0	10
Average age	42.1	42.0	49.7	23.0	32.0	not applicable ...
Median age	44.1	43.8	52.5	15.7	38.0	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	117,050	112,300	4,095	125	540	4,155
Married or living common law	71,035	67,810	2,730	55	435	2,760
Married	60,275	57,515	2,290	55	420	2,315
Living common law	10,760	10,300	440	0	20	445
Not married and not living common law	46,020	44,480	1,355	75	100	1,395
Never married	29,635	28,765	765	65	40	800
Separated	3,420	3,295	105	0	15	105
Divorced	6,390	6,135	230	0	30	230
Widowed	6,575	6,290	265	0	15	270
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	117,055	112,300	4,090	125	540	4,155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	113,460	108,940	4,005	95	415	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,899	38,940	40,609	24,011	14,902	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,793	31,864	33,204	14,434	10,343	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	113,470	108,950	4,005	95	415	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,504	32,541	33,718	21,468	13,791	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,353	28,403	29,357	14,403	10,343	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	102,485	98,585	3,490	90	315	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,474	35,459	38,132	21,648	14,392	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,920	26,921	30,873	11,327	9,983	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,035	83,685	3,000	70	290	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,938	8,920	9,837	4,569	5,962	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,297	8,270	10,348	2,823	4,048	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,040	82,950	2,830	55	205	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,919	34,843	39,036	15,939	13,749	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,837	26,797	31,803	9,145	9,238	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 5}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^{Footnote 6}	82.4	82.4	81.9	90.2	72.1	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 7}	68.1	68.1	67.8	38.4	44.5	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 8}	17.6	17.6	18.1	14.0	28.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	117,055	112,300	4,095	125	540	4,155
Without total income	3,595	3,355	85	30	125	100
With total income	113,460	108,940	4,005	95	415	4,055
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.0	97.8	76.0	76.9	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,980	13,365	375	too unreliable to be published F	205	395
$10,000 to $19,999	20,850	19,845	895	too unreliable to be published F	90	905
$20,000 to $29,999	18,695	18,070	530	too unreliable to be published F	75	540
$30,000 to $39,999	17,125	16,570	530	too unreliable to be published F	15	535
$40,000 to $49,999	13,685	13,145	515	too unreliable to be published F	20	520
$50,000 to $59,999	9,450	9,035	405	too unreliable to be published F	10	405
$60,000 to $69,999	6,070	5,825	245	too unreliable to be published F	0	240
$70,000 to $79,999	4,510	4,330	170	too unreliable to be published F	0	175
$80,000 to $89,999	2,910	2,780	125	too unreliable to be published F	0	130
$90,000 to $99,999	1,825	1,730	90	too unreliable to be published F	0	95
$100,000 and over	4,365	4,245	115	too unreliable to be published F	0	120
$100,000 to $149,999	3,045	2,950	90	too unreliable to be published F	0	90
$150,000 and over	1,320	1,295	30	too unreliable to be published F	0	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	117,055	112,295	4,090	125	540	4,155
Without after-tax income	3,585	3,340	85	30	125	100
With after-tax income	113,470	108,950	4,005	95	415	4,055
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	97.0	97.9	76.0	76.9	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,615	13,985	395	too unreliable to be published F	205	410
$10,000 to $19,999	22,695	21,625	940	too unreliable to be published F	110	950
$20,000 to $29,999	23,165	22,365	725	too unreliable to be published F	65	735
$30,000 to $39,999	20,080	19,380	665	too unreliable to be published F	20	665
$40,000 to $49,999	13,800	13,260	530	too unreliable to be published F	15	530
$50,000 to $59,999	7,880	7,525	350	too unreliable to be published F	0	350
$60,000 to $69,999	4,900	4,705	190	too unreliable to be published F	0	190
$70,000 to $79,999	2,510	2,385	115	too unreliable to be published F	0	120
$80,000 and over	3,820	3,725	100	too unreliable to be published F	0	100
$80,000 to $89,999	1,260	1,220	40	too unreliable to be published F	0	40
$90,000 to $99,999	800	785	10	too unreliable to be published F	0	10
$100,000 and over	1,765	1,715	50	too unreliable to be published F	0	50
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	117,055	112,300	4,090	130	540	4,155
Without employment income	31,015	29,350	1,260	70	340	1,295
With employment income	86,040	82,945	2,830	60	205	2,855
Percentage with employment income	73.5	73.9	69.2	46.2	38.0	68.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,180	10,775	345	too unreliable to be published F	55	350
$5,000 to $9,999	8,855	8,480	295	too unreliable to be published F	50	310
$10,000 to $19,999	14,895	14,415	405	too unreliable to be published F	65	410
$20,000 to $29,999	11,455	11,095	325	too unreliable to be published F	20	330
$30,000 to $39,999	10,335	10,070	260	too unreliable to be published F	0	255
$40,000 to $49,999	8,575	8,265	305	too unreliable to be published F	10	310
$50,000 to $59,999	6,330	6,010	310	too unreliable to be published F	0	315
$60,000 to $69,999	4,240	4,070	170	too unreliable to be published F	0	170
$70,000 to $79,999	3,360	3,215	140	too unreliable to be published F	0	140
$80,000 and over	6,815	6,550	270	too unreliable to be published F	0	265
$80,000 to $89,999	2,355	2,250	105	too unreliable to be published F	0	105
$90,000 to $99,999	1,280	1,220	65	too unreliable to be published F	0	65
$100,000 and over	3,180	3,080	100	too unreliable to be published F	0	95
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	117,055	112,295	4,090	125	540	4,155
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 13}	38,235	36,895	1,280	20	45	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	45,183	44,946	53,073	0	21,921	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 15}	51,473	51,311	57,277	0	25,730	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	139,685	134,185	4,470	225	795	4,590
English only	120,980	120,985	0	0	0	0
French only	125	0	130	0	0	125
English and French	17,745	13,175	4,345	230	0	4,460
Neither English nor French	830	25	0	0	800	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	795	4,590
English	131,900	129,650	2,255	0	0	2,255
French	2,190	105	2,085	0	0	2,080
Non-official language	4,065	3,165	0	95	800	50
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,065	3,160	0	100	800	50
English and French	340	130	100	110	0	155
English and non-official language	1,135	1,120	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	15	0	20	0	15
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	800	4,590
None	132,475	129,095	2,495	160	725	2,580
English	2,725	1,575	1,030	50	60	1,055
French	2,940	2,035	905	0	0	905
Non-official language	1,485	1,430	30	10	15	35
Aboriginal	15	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,465	1,415	30	10	10	30
English and French	10	10	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	10	0	10
French and non-official language	45	45	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 19}	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	795	4,585
English	127,285	127,285	0	0	0	0
French	4,765	380	4,385	0	0	4,385
Non-official language	6,620	5,705	10	105	800	65
Aboriginal	45	45	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,580	5,660	15	105	800	65
English and French	545	415	30	100	0	80
English and non-official language	385	375	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	0	45	0	0	45
English, French and non-official language	35	15	0	20	0	10
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 20}	139,685	134,185	4,475	230	800	4,590
Official languages	138,860	134,155	4,475	225	0	4,590
English	138,730	134,155	4,345	225	0	4,460
French	17,875	13,175	4,475	230	0	4,590
Non-official languages	8,685	7,550	215	125	800	275
Aboriginal languages	80	80	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,605	7,470	215	125	800	275
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 21}	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	800	4,585
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 22}	2,740	2,670	70	0	0	70
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 23}	2,655	2,595	60	0	0	60
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 24}	1,870	1,840	35	0	0	30
Métis	710	680	30	0	0	30
Inuk (Inuit)	75	75	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 25}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 26}	65	55	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	136,950	131,515	4,405	225	800	4,520
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 27}	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	800	4,585
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 28}	1,195	1,180	15	0	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	138,495	133,005	4,460	225	800	4,570
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 29}	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	800	4,585
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 30}	925	920	0	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 31}	915	910	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 32}	840	835	0	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	45	45	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	25	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 33}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 34}	4,040	3,880	160	0	0	155
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	3,965	3,815	155	0	0	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,135	3,020	120	0	0	125
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	740	715	25	0	0	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	85	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	70	70	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	25	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	35	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 37}	134,725	129,380	4,320	225	795	4,430
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 38}	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	800	4,590
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 39}	133,655	128,970	4,385	175	120	4,475
Canadian citizens only	131,985	127,395	4,320	155	115	4,400
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,665	1,580	65	15	10	75
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 40}	6,030	5,215	90	50	680	115
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 41}	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	800	4,590
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 42}	129,405	124,915	4,300	130	65	4,365
Immigrants^{Footnote 43}	8,940	8,005	155	90	690	205
Before 1981	2,460	2,400	45	10	0	55
1981 to 1990	560	540	10	0	10	10
1991 to 2000	665	600	15	10	40	20
2001 to 2010	1,885	1,750	40	40	60	60
2001 to 2005	555	535	20	10	0	20
2006 to 2010	1,335	1,215	20	35	60	35
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 44}	3,360	2,705	45	25	580	60
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 45}	1,340	1,275	15	10	45	20
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 46}	8,940	8,005	160	90	690	205
Under 5 years	1,065	955	10	15	85	20
5 to 14 years	1,895	1,705	20	35	135	40
15 to 24 years	1,405	1,325	30	10	45	35
25 to 44 years	3,660	3,285	80	20	275	90
45 years and over	910	730	20	15	155	20
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 47}	8,940	8,000	155	90	695	205
Americas	1,545	1,505	40	0	0	40
Brazil	25	25	0	0	0	0
Colombia	55	60	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	10	10	0	0	15
Jamaica	25	25	10	0	0	0
Mexico	20	15	0	10	0	10
Peru	15	15	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	25	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 48}	1,205	1,185	20	0	0	20
Other places of birth in Americas	150	145	0	0	0	0
Europe	3,015	2,885	80	40	0	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	35	0	0	0	0
Croatia	20	20	0	0	0	0
France	55	10	40	10	0	40
Germany	255	250	0	0	0	0
Greece	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hungary	65	55	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 49}	45	50	0	0	0	0
Italy	60	55	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	470	460	0	0	0	10
Poland	55	45	0	10	0	10
Portugal	70	70	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	80	75	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 50}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	40	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 51}	1,370	1,365	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	330	300	30	0	10	25
Africa	340	310	25	0	10	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	70	70	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	65	65	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	60	65	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	95	15	0	0	10
Asia	4,005	3,265	20	45	675	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 52}	1,835	1,375	0	25	435	10
Hong Kong^{Footnote 53}	100	95	0	0	10	0
India	225	210	0	0	15	0
Iran^{Footnote 54}	230	220	0	10	10	0
Iraq	15	15	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	35	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 55}	105	80	10	10	10	10
Lebanon	95	80	10	0	0	15
Pakistan	50	55	0	0	0	0
Philippines	480	480	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	45	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 56}	205	95	10	0	105	0
Taiwan	85	70	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	55	55	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	430	355	0	0	80	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 57}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 58}	3,360	2,710	45	25	585	55
Americas	190	175	15	0	0	15
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	15	0	0	15
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 59}	125	120	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	25	0	0	0	0
Europe	390	350	25	0	10	30
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	35	40	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 61}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	40	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	15	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 63}	110	115	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	160	130	20	0	10	20
Africa	130	120	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	35	35	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	25	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	25	0	0	0	10
Asia	2,650	2,055	10	20	570	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 64}	1,395	990	0	15	385	10
Hong Kong^{Footnote 65}	45	40	0	0	10	0
India	125	110	0	0	15	0
Iran^{Footnote 66}	100	90	0	0	0	0
Iraq	20	20	0	0	0	0
Israel	15	15	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 67}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	20	0	0	0	0
Nepal	80	65	0	0	15	0
Pakistan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Philippines	380	375	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 68}	190	75	0	0	105	0
Taiwan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Turkey	20	20	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	45	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	125	80	0	0	50	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 69}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 70}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 71}	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	800	4,590
First generation^{Footnote 72}	10,800	9,775	190	100	740	235
Second generation^{Footnote 73}	9,010	8,695	230	40	55	250
Third generation or more^{Footnote 74}	119,875	115,715	4,055	90	10	4,100
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 75}	6,565	5,685	105	80	695	150
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 76}	4,755	4,130	90	60	470	120
Principal applicants^{Footnote 77}	1,835	1,660	35	20	115	45
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 78}	2,915	2,470	50	40	360	70
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 79}	1,040	1,000	10	0	15	15
Refugees^{Footnote 80}	725	520	10	0	195	10
Other immigrants^{Footnote 81}	50	35	0	0	15	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 82}	139,685	134,185	4,475	225	795	4,590
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 83}	6,640	5,755	80	75	730	120
South Asian^{Footnote 84}	925	810	0	0	110	0
Chinese	2,565	2,045	0	35	485	20
Black	825	775	50	0	0	50
Filipino	670	670	0	0	0	0
Latin American	255	230	0	10	15	0
Arab	585	455	25	15	90	30
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 85}	150	145	0	0	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 86}	215	205	0	10	0	0
Korean	210	185	10	10	10	10
Japanese	110	100	0	0	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 87}	55	50	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 88}	85	75	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 89}	133,045	128,425	4,395	155	70	4,475
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 90}	139,690	134,185	4,475	225	800	4,590
North American Aboriginal origins	4,960	4,805	160	0	0	155
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,060	3,930	130	0	0	125
Inuit	160	155	0	0	0	10
Métis	825	800	25	0	0	30
Other North American origins	62,070	59,010	2,960	90	20	3,005
Acadian	3,490	2,535	910	45	0	935
American	1,020	1,000	15	0	0	20
Canadian	59,275	56,785	2,415	55	15	2,445
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	55	0	0	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 91}	15	15	0	0	0	0
European origins	98,610	95,480	2,980	120	35	3,035
British Isles origins	85,140	84,380	710	35	15	730
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	15	0	0	0	0
English	40,305	40,010	280	15	0	290
Irish	38,505	38,165	315	15	10	320
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	50,685	50,465	190	25	10	205
Welsh	2,415	2,365	30	15	0	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	1,725	1,700	20	0	0	25
French origins	25,950	23,205	2,680	55	10	2,710
Alsatian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	25,935	23,195	2,675	55	0	2,705
Western European origins (except French origins)	11,625	11,455	140	35	0	155
Austrian	205	200	10	0	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	440	375	60	0	0	65
Dutch	4,360	4,295	45	10	0	55
Flemish	20	20	0	0	0	0
Frisian	25	20	0	0	0	10
German	7,065	7,005	40	20	0	50
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	205	185	25	0	0	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,915	1,905	15	0	0	10
Danish	670	670	0	0	0	0
Finnish	210	205	0	0	0	10
Icelandic	90	90	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	410	410	0	0	0	0
Swedish	455	455	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	170	165	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,030	2,920	75	35	0	90
Bulgarian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	95	95	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 95}	75	70	0	0	0	0
Estonian	50	45	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	305	295	0	10	0	10
Latvian	55	40	20	0	0	20
Lithuanian	90	75	15	0	0	20
Moldovan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,160	1,105	35	20	0	45
Romanian	130	115	10	0	0	15
Russian	500	490	0	10	0	0
Slovak	50	50	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	925	920	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 96}	40	40	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,645	2,540	80	10	20	85
Albanian	100	90	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	25	30	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	185	160	25	0	0	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	180	165	10	10	0	10
Italian	1,200	1,155	30	0	15	30
Kosovar	15	20	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	40	40	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	330	325	0	0	0	10
Serbian	85	80	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Spanish	515	495	15	0	0	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 97}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 98}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	430	420	0	10	0	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	210	205	0	0	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 100}	205	205	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	325	310	15	0	0	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	25	30	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	20	20	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	30	15	20	0	0	20
Jamaican	160	150	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	15	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 101}	25	25	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 102}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	420	385	10	10	20	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Belizean	10	15	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	50	45	0	0	10	0
Chilean	25	25	0	0	0	0
Colombian	85	75	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	40	35	0	0	10	0
Guyanese	10	15	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	40	40	0	0	0	0
Mexican	95	90	10	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	975	920	50	0	10	55
Central and West African origins	180	175	0	0	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	135	125	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	20	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	205	170	30	0	0	30
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	120	115	0	0	0	0
Libyan	40	40	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	35	20	20	0	0	20
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	110	105	0	0	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	20	0	0	0	0
South African	45	40	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 107}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	510	495	15	0	0	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 108}	40	35	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 109}	475	460	15	0	0	15
Asian origins	6,480	5,630	40	60	750	75
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,625	1,445	30	20	130	40
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 110}	150	145	0	10	10	10
Armenian	30	20	10	0	0	10
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	15	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	290	275	0	0	10	0
Iraqi	20	20	0	0	0	0
Israeli	60	55	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	715	680	20	10	0	20
Palestinian	65	65	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	245	135	0	0	105	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	35	35	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 111}	30	30	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	975	860	10	0	110	0
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	140	95	0	0	45	0
East Indian	615	585	10	0	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	185	120	0	0	65	0
Pakistani	80	75	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	50	50	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,915	3,355	0	40	510	25
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese	2,735	2,215	0	30	495	15
Filipino	730	725	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	30	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	105	0	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	220	195	0	10	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	15	0	10	0	0
Thai	35	40	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	90	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	90	90	0	0	0	0
Australian	55	55	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	30	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 116}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 117}	117,055	112,295	4,090	125	540	4,155
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,425	21,115	1,100	40	175	1,120
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 118}	31,815	30,840	815	35	130	830
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	62,815	60,335	2,180	55	240	2,205
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,480	9,115	355	0	0	360
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 119}	5,235	5,025	205	10	0	210
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 120}	4,250	4,095	150	10	0	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	27,860	26,735	1,020	20	85	1,025
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,070	2,920	105	0	40	100
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	22,410	21,560	700	25	115	720
Bachelor's degree	15,430	14,915	420	15	80	430
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,285	1,220	55	0	10	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	620	610	10	0	0	10
Master's degree	4,375	4,150	190	10	20	195
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 121}	705	665	25	0	10	25
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 122}	117,055	112,295	4,090	125	540	4,150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 123}	54,235	51,955	1,910	70	300	1,945
Education	5,075	4,680	380	0	10	375
13. Education	5,075	4,680	380	0	10	380
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,375	1,330	50	0	0	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	195	190	10	0	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	1,175	1,140	40	0	0	40
Humanities	2,910	2,795	80	0	30	85
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	110	70	15	0	20	15
23. English language and literature/letters	720	710	0	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	720	690	30	0	0	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 124}	15	15	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	200	200	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	370	370	0	0	0	10
54. History	625	620	0	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	140	130	15	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,240	5,070	110	10	50	115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	60	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	405	390	10	0	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,215	1,175	40	0	10	40
22. Legal professions and studies	895	870	20	0	10	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 125}	95	90	0	0	10	0
42. Psychology	1,240	1,220	15	0	10	15
45. Social sciences	1,330	1,270	35	0	15	40
Business, management and public administration	15,445	14,735	645	10	65	650
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	45	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,350	1,285	55	0	0	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	14,050	13,400	590	0	60	590
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,450	2,370	70	0	15	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,185	1,130	45	0	10	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	690	680	10	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 126}	50	50	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	450	430	15	10	0	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	80	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,010	1,900	95	0	10	100
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,705	1,610	85	10	10	85
25. Library science	100	95	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	175	165	0	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 127}	25	25	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,875	11,470	350	10	50	355
04. Architecture and related services	295	280	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,175	1,130	15	0	25	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,045	1,965	75	0	0	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,960	3,870	85	0	10	85
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,885	2,760	125	0	10	120
48. Precision production	1,510	1,455	55	0	0	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,710	1,630	70	10	0	75
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,210	1,145	50	0	10	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	500	480	20	0	0	20
Health and related fields	10,435	10,205	200	15	10	210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	690	675	15	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	9,615	9,400	190	15	10	200
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	135	135	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,290	4,155	130	0	0	135
12. Personal and culinary services	2,375	2,310	60	10	0	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	50	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	680	665	20	0	0	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,160	1,115	45	0	0	45
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 128}	117,055	112,300	4,090	125	540	4,155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	54,240	51,955	1,910	70	300	1,950
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 129}	62,815	60,340	2,180	60	245	2,205
Location of study inside Canada	57,805	55,720	2,035	35	20	2,050
Same as province or territory of residence	38,625	37,535	1,060	10	20	1,065
Different than province or territory of residence	19,180	18,185	975	20	0	985
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 130}	5,010	4,620	145	25	225	160
United States^{Footnote 131}	1,310	1,270	40	0	0	40
Philippines	375	375	0	0	0	0
India	165	155	10	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Footnote 132}	680	675	10	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 133}	935	730	0	0	195	0
France	45	10	35	0	0	40
Other	1,500	1,400	55	20	25	65
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 134}	117,055	112,295	4,090	130	540	not applicable ...
In the labour force	77,680	74,970	2,465	60	190	not applicable ...
Employed	68,115	65,750	2,170	50	145	not applicable ...
Unemployed	9,565	9,220	290	10	45	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	39,375	37,330	1,625	70	350	not applicable ...
Participation rate	66.4	66.8	60.3	46.2	35.2	not applicable ...
Employment rate	58.2	58.6	53.1	38.5	26.9	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	12.3	12.3	11.8	16.7	23.7	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 135}	117,055	112,295	4,095	125	540	4,155
Did not work^{Footnote 136}	33,700	31,955	1,405	45	290	1,430
Worked	83,350	80,345	2,685	80	245	2,725
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 137}	39,085	37,720	1,290	20	55	1,300
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 138}	44,270	42,620	1,400	55	190	1,425
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.7	39.7	39.8	36.3	36.1	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 139}	85,270	82,185	2,745	80	260	2,785
a.Management	8,600	8,255	285	10	55	290
00 Senior management occupations	840	795	25	0	25	25
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,390	2,245	130	0	15	130
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,920	2,820	80	0	10	85
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,450	2,390	50	0	0	50
b.Professional	12,480	11,940	490	10	45	495
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,845	1,785	45	0	15	45
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,950	1,865	70	0	10	70
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,675	1,665	10	0	0	10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	950	935	15	0	0	20
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,300	3,030	265	0	10	265
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	2,045	1,980	60	0	10	60
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	715	680	25	0	10	25
c.Technical and paraprofessional	7,725	7,495	225	0	0	220
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,265	2,185	70	0	0	75
32 Technical occupations in health	1,610	1,580	30	0	0	30
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,050	1,995	50	0	0	50
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	445	410	35	0	0	35
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,360	1,325	40	0	0	35
d.Administration and administrative support	9,820	9,385	395	10	25	400
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	4,220	4,000	195	0	15	200
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	925	875	35	0	10	35
14 Office support occupations	3,560	3,430	120	10	0	125
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,125	1,085	40	0	0	40
e.Sales	8,015	7,815	175	15	15	180
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,230	1,210	20	0	0	20
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	3,515	3,405	105	0	10	105
66 Sales support occupations	3,270	3,205	50	10	10	55
f.Personal and customer information services	16,025	15,435	485	25	80	495
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,920	1,875	40	10	0	45
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,510	1,425	75	0	0	80
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	3,005	2,905	70	0	25	70
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,885	3,715	150	0	20	150
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	5,700	5,520	145	0	30	145
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	6,220	5,995	220	10	10	220
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,165	4,050	110	0	10	110
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,060	1,945	110	0	0	110
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	5,890	5,690	190	10	10	195
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	900	880	20	0	0	20
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,400	3,295	100	10	0	105
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	1,590	1,520	70	0	10	65
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	6,680	6,495	160	0	25	165
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	2,900	2,855	45	0	0	45
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	2,455	2,355	80	0	25	85
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,330	1,290	35	0	0	40
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,810	3,675	120	10	0	125
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	515	510	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,335	1,305	30	0	0	30
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	325	305	10	10	0	15
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,630	1,555	75	0	0	75
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 140}	85,275	82,190	2,745	80	260	2,785
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	7,805	7,625	140	10	30	145
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 141}	4,190	4,080	75	10	25	75
113 Forestry and logging	90	80	15	0	0	10
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	3,385	3,330	55	0	0	55
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	135	140	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	480	465	15	0	0	20
211 Oil and gas extraction	105	105	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	65	55	10	0	0	10
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	305	300	10	0	0	10
22 Utilities	310	305	0	0	0	10
221 Utilities	305	305	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,990	5,770	210	0	15	210
236 Construction of buildings	1,705	1,635	70	0	0	70
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,250	1,190	50	0	10	45
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,035	2,940	90	0	10	95
31-33 Manufacturing	6,705	6,425	245	10	20	250
311 Food manufacturing	3,370	3,245	120	0	0	125
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	130	130	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	20	20	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	45	40	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	55	50	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	120	105	15	0	0	20
322 Paper manufacturing	235	225	10	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	105	110	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	45	40	0	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	485	475	10	0	0	15
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	85	80	10	0	0	10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	115	115	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	60	60	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	345	340	0	0	0	10
333 Machinery manufacturing	220	210	0	0	10	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	70	60	10	0	0	10
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	50	35	0	10	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	915	860	55	0	0	50
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	80	85	0	0	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	150	145	0	0	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,815	1,760	35	10	15	35
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	20	15	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	70	75	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	680	670	10	0	0	10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	145	145	0	0	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	70	70	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	135	130	0	0	0	10
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	455	430	15	10	10	20
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	195	190	10	0	0	10
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	50	40	0	0	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	9,925	9,675	215	15	20	225
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,140	1,105	35	0	0	30
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	280	275	0	10	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	210	205	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	980	965	15	0	0	15
445 Food and beverage stores	2,390	2,305	65	10	10	70
446 Health and personal care stores	1,025	1,015	0	0	0	10
447 Gasoline stations	545	540	10	0	0	10
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	745	725	15	0	0	20
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	445	435	15	0	0	15
452 General merchandise stores	1,230	1,195	35	10	0	35
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	735	730	10	0	0	10
454 Non-store retailers	195	185	10	0	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,595	2,480	110	0	0	110
481 Air transportation	75	75	10	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	150	145	0	0	0	10
484 Truck transportation	950	925	25	0	0	25
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	345	340	0	0	0	10
486 Pipeline transportation	0	10	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	35	30	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	505	465	40	0	0	45
491 Postal service	325	300	25	0	0	25
492 Couriers and messengers	130	135	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	70	65	0	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,035	1,005	20	0	10	15
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	275	255	10	0	10	10
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	130	135	0	0	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	105	105	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	315	315	0	0	0	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	15	15	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	190	180	10	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	2,085	2,045	30	0	10	30
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	850	830	10	0	10	10
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	535	530	0	0	0	10
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	705	680	20	0	0	15
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,025	980	15	0	35	15
531 Real estate	850	810	10	0	30	10
532 Rental and leasing services	175	170	0	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,075	3,935	105	0	30	105
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,075	3,930	105	0	35	105
55 Management of companies and enterprises	65	70	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	70	70	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,135	3,040	85	10	0	90
561 Administrative and support services	2,865	2,775	80	0	0	80
562 Waste management and remediation services	275	265	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	5,905	5,530	365	10	0	370
611 Educational services	5,905	5,525	370	0	10	375
62 Health care and social assistance	9,785	9,555	210	10	10	215
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,425	2,375	50	0	0	50
622 Hospitals	3,030	3,000	25	0	0	20
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	2,440	2,370	65	0	0	60
624 Social assistance	1,895	1,810	80	0	0	75
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,205	2,130	75	0	0	75
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	555	525	30	0	0	30
712 Heritage institutions	355	335	20	0	0	15
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,295	1,265	30	0	0	30
72 Accommodation and food services	7,165	6,905	195	15	60	200
721 Accommodation services	1,830	1,750	50	0	30	50
722 Food services and drinking places	5,340	5,155	145	10	35	150
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,595	3,430	150	0	10	155
811 Repair and maintenance	1,175	1,125	50	0	0	50
812 Personal and laundry services	1,020	1,005	10	0	10	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	1,180	1,095	80	0	10	80
814 Private households	225	215	10	0	0	10
91 Public administration	9,580	9,060	510	10	0	515
911 Federal government public administration	4,825	4,395	420	10	0	425
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	3,750	3,665	80	0	0	85
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	930	920	10	0	0	10
914 Aboriginal public administration	75	75	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 142}	68,120	65,750	2,175	55	140	2,195
Worked at home	4,740	4,615	95	10	25	100
Worked outside Canada	315	300	0	0	15	0
No fixed workplace address	7,930	7,725	205	0	0	200
Worked at usual place	55,135	53,115	1,875	40	105	1,895
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 143}	85,275	82,185	2,745	85	260	2,785
English	83,175	81,100	1,905	70	100	1,935
French	1,065	375	690	10	0	695
Non-official language	485	330	0	0	155	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	485	330	0	10	155	0
English and French	380	220	155	0	0	155
English and non-official language	155	155	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 144}	85,275	82,185	2,745	80	260	2,785
None	81,375	79,595	1,510	60	200	1,540
English	845	385	430	10	15	430
French	2,445	1,630	805	10	0	810
Non-official language	595	555	0	0	45	0
Aboriginal	10	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	585	545	0	0	45	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	20	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	55,135	53,115	1,875	40	105	1,895
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	20,835	20,175	575	25	65	585
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	27,935	26,790	1,095	15	40	1,100
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,085	4,920	165	0	0	165
Commute to a different province or territory	1,275	1,230	40	10	0	40
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 145}	63,060	60,840	2,080	40	100	2,100
Car, truck, van - as a driver	53,205	51,335	1,795	25	45	1,805
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,730	4,575	125	10	20	125
Public transit	815	775	35	0	0	40
Walked	3,380	3,255	100	0	10	105
Bicycle	300	290	0	0	10	10
Other method	635	610	15	0	15	15
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	63,060	60,835	2,080	45	105	2,100
Less than 15 minutes	29,110	28,100	930	30	60	940
15 to 29 minutes	21,810	21,100	665	10	35	670
30 to 44 minutes	7,160	6,885	260	0	10	260
45 to 59 minutes	2,880	2,775	110	0	0	110
60 minutes and over	2,095	1,975	115	0	0	115
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	63,060	60,835	2,075	45	105	2,100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,535	3,375	165	0	0	165
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,985	10,555	430	10	0	430
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	21,735	20,930	770	10	30	770
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,610	12,170	405	15	25	410
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,670	4,535	105	10	20	110
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,520	9,275	205	10	30	215
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	138,370	132,895	4,465	220	790	4,575
Non-movers	120,645	116,045	4,085	160	355	4,165
Movers	17,725	16,855	385	55	430	410
Non-migrants	8,400	8,215	135	25	15	150
Migrants	9,330	8,635	250	30	415	260
Internal migrants	7,975	7,700	245	25	10	255
Intraprovincial migrants	4,705	4,570	115	20	0	125
Interprovincial migrants	3,270	3,130	130	0	10	135
External migrants	1,350	935	0	0	410	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	132,700	127,465	4,355	215	665	4,460
Non-movers	87,825	84,585	3,055	100	80	3,105
Movers	44,875	42,880	1,295	110	585	1,350
Non-migrants	20,225	19,685	460	20	60	465
Migrants	24,645	23,195	835	90	525	880
Internal migrants	20,530	19,695	780	60	0	805
Intraprovincial migrants	12,225	11,825	365	40	0	380
Interprovincial migrants	8,310	7,870	415	20	0	425
External migrants	4,115	3,500	65	35	520	80

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

'Immigrant status' refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

'Period of immigration' refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

Non-permanent residents and immigrants who landed between 2015 and 2016 are included in the 'Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration.' The categories for 'Non-permanent residents' and period of immigration '2015 to 2016' are not presented elsewhere in this table with income as they may not have a complete year of applicable income. The income data for the 2016 Census of Population are for the year 2015.

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit, or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 5

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 9

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Footnote 10

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

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Footnote 13

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 14

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 16

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 20

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 21

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 23

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 24

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 25

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 26

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 27

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 28

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 29

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 30

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 32

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 33

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 38

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 40

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 41

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 42

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 43

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 45

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 46

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 48

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 49

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 50

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 51

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 52

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 53

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 54

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 55

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 56

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 57

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 58

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 59

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 60

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 61

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 62

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 63

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Footnote 64

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 65

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 67

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 68

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 69

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 71

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 72

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 73

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 74

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 75

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 76

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 77

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 79

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 80

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 81

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 82

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 84

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 86

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 87

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 89

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 90

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 95

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 96

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 97

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 98

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 99

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 100

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 101

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 106

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 115

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 117

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 118

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 119

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 120

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 121

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 122

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 123

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 126

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 127

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 128

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 129

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 130

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 131

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 132

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Footnote 133

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 134

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 135

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 140

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 141

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 142

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 143

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 145

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016351.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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