Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Vaudreuil-Soulanges
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	147,360	41,585	99,955	5,150	670	44,155
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	147,355	41,580	99,955	5,150	670	44,160
0 to 14 years	29,250	8,615	18,760	1,565	305	9,400
0 to 4 years	8,985	2,615	5,715	370	290	2,800
5 to 9 years	10,420	3,115	6,660	625	15	3,430
10 to 14 years	9,845	2,885	6,385	575	0	3,175
15 to 64 years	98,560	28,055	66,975	3,380	150	29,745
15 to 19 years	9,100	2,740	5,910	440	0	2,960
20 to 24 years	8,125	2,150	5,650	320	0	2,310
25 to 29 years	7,085	2,125	4,725	215	15	2,230
30 to 34 years	8,370	2,500	5,545	310	10	2,655
35 to 39 years	10,945	3,140	7,245	545	10	3,415
40 to 44 years	11,205	3,440	7,170	575	25	3,725
45 to 49 years	11,370	3,395	7,525	430	25	3,605
50 to 54 years	12,240	3,500	8,485	230	25	3,615
55 to 59 years	10,930	2,640	8,065	205	20	2,745
60 to 64 years	9,190	2,425	6,650	110	10	2,480
65 years and over	19,545	4,910	14,220	200	220	5,015
65 to 69 years	7,885	2,075	5,675	75	65	2,110
70 to 74 years	5,320	1,220	4,030	45	30	1,245
75 to 79 years	3,220	840	2,300	40	40	860
80 to 84 years	1,910	445	1,410	20	40	450
85 years and over	1,210	335	815	15	50	340
85 to 89 years	890	220	620	0	50	220
90 to 94 years	255	85	160	10	0	90
95 to 99 years	65	25	40	0	0	25
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	38.9	37.9	39.8	30.0	35.7	not applicable ...
Median age	40.4	39.3	41.5	30.7	34.5	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 2}	118,105	32,965	81,195	3,580	365	34,755
Married or living common law	75,125	21,040	51,600	2,310	180	22,195
Married	48,560	16,630	29,660	2,090	175	17,680
Living common law	26,565	4,405	21,935	220	10	4,515
Not married and not living common law	42,985	11,930	29,600	1,275	190	12,560
Never married	29,755	8,175	20,485	1,070	25	8,710
Separated	1,640	670	920	40	10	690
Divorced	7,375	2,075	5,160	125	10	2,140
Widowed	4,215	1,005	3,030	35	145	1,025
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	118,110	32,960	81,195	3,580	370	34,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	113,545	31,325	78,530	3,330	355	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,259	49,193	46,843	42,183	16,363	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,771	38,834	39,015	36,905	16,097	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	113,590	31,335	78,565	3,330	355	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,090	39,059	37,949	34,694	15,647	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,789	33,766	33,998	32,451	16,097	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	104,910	28,685	72,970	3,065	190	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,877	47,836	43,989	40,194	14,617	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,625	35,986	35,641	34,047	12,372	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,535	21,950	55,815	2,420	345	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,172	7,700	8,399	7,144	8,728	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,215	5,217	6,785	3,625	6,832	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,365	24,780	61,610	2,855	115	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,451	46,857	43,734	40,205	15,355	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,765	36,842	36,909	34,658	15,824	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^{Footnote 5}	87.7	89.0	87.3	87.7	49.1	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 6}	74.0	75.3	73.2	81.7	30.4	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 7}	12.3	11.0	12.7	12.3	51.8	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 8}	118,110	32,965	81,195	3,580	365	34,760
Without total income	4,565	1,640	2,660	255	10	1,765
With total income	113,545	31,325	78,530	3,330	355	32,990
Percentage with total income	96.1	95.0	96.7	93.0	97.3	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,700	4,265	7,835	490	110	4,515
$10,000 to $19,999	16,570	4,410	11,505	510	150	4,665
$20,000 to $29,999	14,910	3,880	10,540	430	65	4,090
$30,000 to $39,999	14,285	3,510	10,375	390	15	3,705
$40,000 to $49,999	13,705	3,725	9,515	460	10	3,955
$50,000 to $59,999	11,080	2,740	8,040	295	10	2,890
$60,000 to $69,999	8,425	2,205	6,010	210	0	2,310
$70,000 to $79,999	6,540	1,805	4,550	190	0	1,900
$80,000 to $89,999	4,230	1,185	2,905	140	0	1,255
$90,000 to $99,999	3,080	840	2,175	55	0	870
$100,000 and over	8,025	2,760	5,100	165	0	2,840
$100,000 to $149,999	5,510	1,820	3,550	140	0	1,890
$150,000 and over	2,510	935	1,550	25	0	950
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	118,110	32,965	81,195	3,580	370	34,760
Without after-tax income	4,515	1,630	2,630	250	15	1,750
With after-tax income	113,590	31,340	78,570	3,330	355	33,000
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	95.1	96.8	93.0	95.9	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,280	4,465	8,220	495	110	4,710
$10,000 to $19,999	17,730	4,635	12,395	545	150	4,910
$20,000 to $29,999	18,355	4,750	13,055	485	60	4,995
$30,000 to $39,999	19,380	5,095	13,705	560	10	5,380
$40,000 to $49,999	16,245	4,190	11,520	525	10	4,445
$50,000 to $59,999	11,020	2,805	7,905	310	0	2,960
$60,000 to $69,999	7,115	2,015	4,915	190	0	2,110
$70,000 to $79,999	3,970	1,120	2,735	110	0	1,175
$80,000 and over	6,500	2,265	4,115	120	0	2,325
$80,000 to $89,999	2,160	715	1,390	55	0	745
$90,000 to $99,999	1,225	380	815	35	0	395
$100,000 and over	3,115	1,170	1,910	35	0	1,185
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	118,110	32,965	81,195	3,580	370	34,755
Without employment income	28,740	8,180	19,580	725	250	8,545
With employment income	89,365	24,785	61,610	2,860	115	26,215
Percentage with employment income	75.7	75.2	75.9	79.9	31.1	75.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,465	2,960	7,140	345	too unreliable to be published F	3,130
$5,000 to $9,999	6,015	1,825	4,010	180	too unreliable to be published F	1,920
$10,000 to $19,999	11,690	2,930	8,220	465	too unreliable to be published F	3,160
$20,000 to $29,999	9,730	2,795	6,625	305	too unreliable to be published F	2,940
$30,000 to $39,999	10,180	2,685	7,135	365	too unreliable to be published F	2,865
$40,000 to $49,999	9,675	2,715	6,625	330	too unreliable to be published F	2,880
$50,000 to $59,999	7,760	1,915	5,625	215	too unreliable to be published F	2,025
$60,000 to $69,999	6,400	1,730	4,465	200	too unreliable to be published F	1,825
$70,000 to $79,999	5,495	1,525	3,820	150	too unreliable to be published F	1,600
$80,000 and over	11,955	3,705	7,950	300	too unreliable to be published F	3,855
$80,000 to $89,999	3,270	905	2,255	105	too unreliable to be published F	960
$90,000 to $99,999	2,375	615	1,705	50	too unreliable to be published F	640
$100,000 and over	6,310	2,185	3,985	140	too unreliable to be published F	2,255
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	118,105	32,965	81,195	3,580	370	34,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	44,370	12,890	29,990	1,465	25	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 13}	51,958	52,222	52,139	46,401	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	59,990	63,102	59,112	51,227	16,718	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 15}	147,355	41,580	99,955	5,150	670	44,160
English only	11,995	11,995	0	0	0	11,990
French only	41,100	0	41,095	0	0	0
English and French	93,580	29,580	58,845	5,150	0	32,160
Neither English nor French	690	10	10	0	670	10
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	147,355	41,580	99,955	5,150	670	44,160
English	40,290	36,255	4,035	0	0	36,255
French	93,845	1,515	92,325	0	0	1,520
Non-official language	6,630	1,670	1,090	3,200	670	3,270
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,630	1,670	1,090	3,200	670	3,270
English and French	2,940	550	1,160	1,230	0	1,165
English and non-official language	1,490	1,490	0	0	0	1,495
French and non-official language	1,230	10	1,225	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	935	90	120	720	0	450
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	147,355	41,580	99,955	5,150	670	44,155
None	115,950	29,465	82,725	3,120	635	31,030
English	13,985	1,630	11,765	585	0	1,925
French	10,685	7,115	3,110	445	15	7,340
Non-official language	4,760	2,750	1,790	215	0	2,855
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	4,750	2,745	1,790	210	0	2,850
English and French	840	25	40	765	10	405
English and non-official language	470	25	445	0	0	25
French and non-official language	660	570	75	15	0	580
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	147,355	41,585	99,955	5,150	670	44,155
English	32,730	32,685	50	0	0	32,685
French	95,030	75	94,960	0	0	70
Non-official language	15,310	7,210	3,670	3,765	670	9,095
Aboriginal	25	10	10	0	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	15,290	7,200	3,655	3,760	670	9,080
English and French	2,650	905	610	1,135	0	1,475
English and non-official language	635	635	0	0	0	635
French and non-official language	630	0	630	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	365	70	40	250	0	200
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 19}	147,355	41,585	99,955	5,150	670	44,155
Official languages	146,670	41,580	99,940	5,150	0	44,150
English	105,570	41,575	58,845	5,150	0	44,150
French	134,675	29,580	99,945	5,150	0	32,155
Non-official languages	23,920	10,650	8,415	4,190	670	12,750
Aboriginal languages	45	15	25	0	0	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	23,880	10,635	8,390	4,190	670	12,730
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 20}	147,355	41,585	99,955	5,150	665	44,155
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 21}	1,750	590	1,135	25	0	600
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 22}	1,650	560	1,070	25	0	570
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 23}	870	300	565	0	0	305
Métis	720	215	480	20	0	225
Inuk (Inuit)	65	45	20	0	0	45
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 24}	20	0	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 25}	75	30	40	0	0	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	145,605	40,995	98,820	5,125	670	43,550
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 26}	147,360	41,585	99,955	5,150	670	44,155
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 27}	500	195	295	10	0	200
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	146,855	41,390	99,660	5,140	670	43,960
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 28}	147,355	41,580	99,955	5,150	670	44,155
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 29}	875	120	755	10	0	120
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 30}	850	115	730	0	0	115
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 31}	690	90	595	10	0	95
Métis single ancestry	140	15	125	0	0	15
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	10	0	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 32}	30	0	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	0	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 33}	4,825	1,155	3,595	70	0	1,190
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 34}	4,750	1,130	3,550	65	0	1,165
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,010	855	3,115	40	0	870
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	660	230	410	20	0	240
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	55	25	10	0	55
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 35}	70	20	45	0	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	10	35	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 36}	141,655	40,310	95,600	5,070	670	42,845
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 37}	147,355	41,585	99,955	5,145	670	44,155
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 38}	144,035	39,850	98,890	4,780	515	42,245
Canadian citizens only	138,355	37,835	96,530	3,555	445	39,610
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	5,680	2,015	2,360	1,230	70	2,635
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 39}	3,320	1,730	1,065	370	155	1,915
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 40}	147,355	41,585	99,955	5,150	670	44,160
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 41}	129,380	33,010	93,840	2,230	310	34,120
Immigrants^{Footnote 42}	17,585	8,355	6,030	2,875	330	9,790
Before 1981	4,765	3,160	1,335	250	20	3,285
1981 to 1990	2,240	1,080	760	390	20	1,275
1991 to 2000	3,510	1,630	1,185	585	110	1,925
2001 to 2010	5,520	1,825	2,145	1,455	100	2,555
2001 to 2005	2,770	945	1,085	705	40	1,295
2006 to 2010	2,745	880	1,060	745	60	1,250
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 43}	1,545	655	610	190	85	755
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 44}	390	220	90	45	35	240
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 45}	17,585	8,355	6,025	2,880	325	9,790
Under 5 years	2,320	1,055	895	360	10	1,240
5 to 14 years	3,325	1,595	1,150	570	10	1,880
15 to 24 years	3,590	1,950	1,085	535	15	2,215
25 to 44 years	7,385	3,310	2,630	1,370	85	3,990
45 years and over	965	440	270	40	210	465
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 46}	17,580	8,355	6,025	2,880	330	9,790
Americas	3,420	1,515	1,300	580	25	1,810
Brazil	70	35	15	15	0	45
Colombia	270	60	110	100	0	110
El Salvador	110	25	35	45	0	45
Guyana	130	135	0	0	0	135
Haiti	560	40	470	40	15	55
Jamaica	145	145	0	0	0	140
Mexico	280	75	95	110	0	130
Peru	170	25	90	50	0	50
Trinidad and Tobago	135	135	0	0	0	135
United States^{Footnote 47}	635	500	120	15	0	505
Other places of birth in Americas	920	355	360	205	0	455
Europe	7,175	3,410	2,455	1,260	50	4,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	30	25	10	0	0	25
France	1,205	20	1,185	0	0	20
Germany	360	245	65	50	0	270
Greece	155	120	25	10	0	125
Hungary	125	85	20	20	0	95
Ireland^{Footnote 48}	30	30	0	0	0	30
Italy	480	305	125	40	10	325
Netherlands	125	110	15	0	0	110
Poland	535	250	100	180	10	340
Portugal	280	160	80	30	10	175
Romania	935	155	275	490	10	405
Russian Federation	320	150	65	95	10	195
Serbia^{Footnote 49}	30	30	0	0	0	30
Ukraine	275	105	65	105	0	160
United Kingdom^{Footnote 50}	1,240	1,225	0	10	0	1,235
Other places of birth in Europe	1,050	395	435	220	0	510
Africa	2,405	475	1,575	345	0	650
Algeria	385	0	375	0	0	0
Egypt	465	130	205	130	0	190
Ethiopia	15	10	0	0	0	10
Kenya	35	30	10	0	0	30
Morocco	455	15	365	70	0	50
Nigeria	35	30	0	0	0	30
Somalia	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	35	0	0	0	40
Other places of birth in Africa	970	220	620	130	0	285
Asia	4,565	2,925	700	695	245	3,275
Afghanistan	20	0	0	15	10	15
Bangladesh	60	45	0	15	0	50
China^{Footnote 51}	640	365	175	70	30	400
Hong Kong^{Footnote 52}	35	25	10	0	0	30
India	775	620	10	55	95	645
Iran^{Footnote 53}	220	135	20	45	20	160
Iraq	30	25	0	10	0	30
Japan	35	20	15	0	0	20
Korea, South^{Footnote 54}	45	25	15	0	0	20
Lebanon	265	65	150	50	0	85
Pakistan	340	225	10	90	15	270
Philippines	695	645	0	45	0	665
Sri Lanka	385	280	0	60	50	310
Syria^{Footnote 55}	50	25	15	0	10	25
Taiwan	40	30	15	0	0	30
Viet Nam	205	60	80	55	10	85
Other places of birth in Asia	725	335	190	185	10	430
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 56}	30	25	0	0	0	25
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 57}	1,540	655	610	190	80	755
Americas	275	130	85	55	10	160
Brazil	45	35	10	0	0	35
Colombia	35	10	15	10	0	10
Cuba	30	10	10	10	0	15
Haiti	35	0	20	0	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	45	20	0	20	0	25
United States^{Footnote 58}	45	40	0	0	0	40
Venezuela^{Footnote 59}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	10	10	10	10
Europe	495	175	250	55	15	205
France	190	0	185	0	0	0
Germany	25	20	0	0	0	25
Ireland^{Footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	60	15	25	20	0	25
Russian Federation	35	15	0	20	10	20
Ukraine	50	20	20	10	0	30
United Kingdom^{Footnote 62}	75	75	0	0	0	75
Other places of birth in Europe	45	30	20	0	0	25
Africa	280	60	180	40	0	80
Algeria	60	0	60	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	60	25	20	15	0	35
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	0	30	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	10	35	15	0	20
Asia	495	295	95	40	60	315
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 63}	70	20	25	20	10	35
Hong Kong^{Footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	115	90	0	0	30	85
Iran^{Footnote 65}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	20	0	10	0	0	10
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 66}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	30	0	0	0	30
Philippines	85	85	0	0	0	85
Saudi Arabia	25	10	0	10	0	15
Sri Lanka	20	10	0	0	15	15
Syria^{Footnote 67}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	45	20	20	0	0	20
Oceania and other^{Footnote 68}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 69}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 70}	147,355	41,585	99,955	5,145	670	44,155
First generation^{Footnote 71}	18,570	8,890	6,360	2,955	365	10,365
Second generation^{Footnote 72}	19,855	11,515	6,570	1,490	285	12,260
Third generation or more^{Footnote 73}	108,930	21,175	87,030	705	20	21,530
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 74}	13,045	5,310	4,770	2,665	310	6,635
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 75}	6,760	2,160	2,850	1,700	50	3,010
Principal applicants^{Footnote 76}	2,870	1,010	1,215	635	10	1,330
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 77}	3,890	1,150	1,640	1,065	40	1,680
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 78}	4,295	2,285	1,355	450	200	2,510
Refugees^{Footnote 79}	1,870	800	535	490	45	1,040
Other immigrants^{Footnote 80}	120	65	30	20	15	75
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 81}	147,360	41,585	99,955	5,150	670	44,160
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 82}	15,455	7,725	5,060	2,215	455	8,830
South Asian^{Footnote 83}	3,175	2,135	165	625	250	2,450
Chinese	1,265	755	325	140	45	825
Black	4,250	1,880	2,100	255	15	2,015
Filipino	1,190	1,080	40	65	0	1,120
Latin American	1,690	435	675	510	65	690
Arab	1,885	330	1,175	350	25	505
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 84}	705	265	300	130	15	325
West Asian^{Footnote 85}	280	145	35	65	35	180
Korean	80	60	15	0	0	60
Japanese	105	60	40	10	0	60
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 86}	290	195	70	25	0	210
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 87}	530	375	120	35	10	390
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 88}	131,905	33,855	94,895	2,935	215	35,325
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 89}	147,355	41,580	99,955	5,150	670	44,155
North American Aboriginal origins	5,700	1,275	4,355	75	0	1,310
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,790	960	3,775	50	0	985
Inuit	135	80	45	0	0	80
Métis	885	255	605	25	0	270
Other North American origins	85,405	13,090	71,565	705	40	13,450
Acadian	660	165	490	0	0	165
American	1,315	740	575	10	0	740
Canadian	82,090	12,415	68,945	675	40	12,760
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	15	0	0	0	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	35	10	30	0	0	10
Québécois	2,640	165	2,425	50	0	190
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 90}	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	73,100	30,205	39,975	2,735	180	31,575
British Isles origins	28,350	18,865	9,115	375	0	19,050
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	11,225	8,900	2,150	175	0	8,990
Irish	15,085	9,065	5,855	165	0	9,150
Manx	15	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish	9,610	7,410	2,105	90	0	7,455
Welsh	670	650	10	10	0	660
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 91}	2,625	2,275	325	30	0	2,290
French origins	37,375	7,220	29,680	470	0	7,450
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	200	0	190	10	0	0
Corsican	25	0	25	0	0	0
French	37,275	7,215	29,585	470	10	7,450
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,880	5,025	3,515	335	0	5,195
Austrian	560	420	120	20	0	430
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,390	325	1,025	35	0	345
Dutch	1,330	1,020	245	60	0	1,055
Flemish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5,555	3,325	1,995	235	0	3,440
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	10
Swiss	685	320	355	10	0	325
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 92}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,280	1,060	200	25	0	1,070
Danish	360	320	35	10	0	325
Finnish	165	140	20	0	0	140
Icelandic	75	55	20	0	0	55
Norwegian	365	325	30	10	0	330
Swedish	270	220	50	0	0	220
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	120	80	45	0	0	80
Eastern European origins	9,055	5,370	2,065	1,490	135	6,110
Bulgarian	165	40	50	65	0	75
Byelorussian	45	35	0	0	0	40
Czech	175	115	45	10	0	125
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 94}	120	95	25	0	0	100
Estonian	30	25	10	0	0	25
Hungarian	1,230	830	230	145	25	905
Latvian	75	65	0	0	0	70
Lithuanian	170	135	25	15	0	140
Moldovan	100	10	65	20	10	15
Polish	3,130	2,070	685	345	25	2,250
Romanian	1,705	580	470	620	35	895
Russian	1,645	990	310	290	55	1,135
Slovak	255	215	20	20	0	220
Ukrainian	1,830	1,360	285	160	25	1,440
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	65	65	0	0	0	70
Southern European origins	13,460	7,875	4,820	720	45	8,235
Albanian	85	40	30	15	0	45
Bosnian	20	0	10	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	245	200	35	0	0	205
Cypriot	15	15	0	0	0	15
Greek	1,635	1,235	305	95	0	1,280
Italian	8,415	5,050	3,015	320	20	5,215
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	20	0	0	0	20
Maltese	80	75	0	0	0	75
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,485	875	555	50	10	900
Serbian	55	40	0	10	10	45
Sicilian	30	20	10	0	0	20
Slovenian	120	65	55	0	0	65
Spanish	2,030	715	1,045	260	10	845
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 96}	110	60	45	10	0	60
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 97}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	815	520	215	85	0	555
Basque	45	10	25	10	0	10
Jewish	545	380	90	75	0	415
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 98}	20	20	0	0	0	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 99}	215	110	95	10	0	110
Caribbean origins	3,205	1,650	1,350	175	20	1,740
Antiguan	25	25	0	0	0	25
Bahamian	20	10	10	0	0	10
Barbadian	280	240	30	0	0	240
Bermudan	20	15	10	0	0	15
Carib	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	125	25	85	20	0	30
Dominican	145	35	100	10	0	45
Grenadian	95	90	0	0	0	90
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	1,330	190	1,045	85	15	230
Jamaican	480	425	40	10	0	435
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	15	0	0	0	15
Martinican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	15	0	0	10	0	10
Puerto Rican	20	10	0	10	0	20
St. Lucian	20	20	0	0	0	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	415	375	35	10	0	375
Vincentian/Grenadinian	140	120	0	20	0	130
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 100}	260	240	25	0	0	235
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 101}	75	65	10	10	0	65
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,715	1,120	965	560	65	1,400
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	60	10	50	0	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	125	60	35	20	0	70
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	105	45	40	20	0	55
Chilean	210	125	75	0	0	125
Colombian	480	155	195	125	0	220
Costa Rican	15	15	0	10	0	20
Ecuadorian	130	40	65	25	0	55
Guatemalan	75	15	40	10	15	20
Guyanese	180	170	10	0	0	175
Hispanic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	35	10	15	0	0	20
Maya	25	0	25	0	0	0
Mexican	550	215	190	115	20	275
Nicaraguan	25	20	0	0	0	20
Panamanian	50	30	10	10	0	35
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	330	75	165	85	10	115
Salvadorean	200	30	95	60	10	60
Uruguayan	20	15	10	0	0	10
Venezuelan	155	60	30	65	0	95
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 102}	105	50	10	35	10	65
African origins	4,465	1,180	2,790	480	15	1,420
Central and West African origins	1,105	240	750	120	0	300
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	15	10	0	0	0	10
Ashanti	15	15	0	0	0	0
Beninese	40	0	35	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	120	25	90	0	0	30
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	350	25	325	0	0	20
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	20	20	10	0	0	20
Gabonese	30	0	20	10	0	10
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	160	105	0	55	0	135
Guinean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	35	15	10	20	0	20
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	80	0	80	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	40	40	0	0	0	45
Peulh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	130	0	105	30	0	15
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	45	10	35	0	0	10
Wolof	20	0	20	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 103}	50	0	45	0	0	0
North African origins	2,555	530	1,720	290	10	680
Algerian	430	20	380	35	0	35
Berber	350	10	320	25	0	20
Coptic	15	0	10	0	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	950	405	390	150	0	480
Libyan	25	0	0	15	0	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	730	100	565	60	0	130
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	165	10	135	15	0	20
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	410	160	180	65	0	195
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 105}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	40	0	30	10	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	15
Ethiopian	45	20	0	25	0	30
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	0	15	10	0	0
Mauritian	150	60	80	20	0	65
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	35	0	40	0	0	0
Seychellois	35	35	10	0	0	30
Somali	15	15	10	0	0	15
South African	15	20	0	0	0	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	20	0	10	0	0	10
Other African origins	555	270	255	30	0	285
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 107}	55	45	0	15	0	50
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 108}	500	225	255	25	0	235
Asian origins	10,465	6,285	2,290	1,495	395	7,030
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,115	1,340	1,225	465	85	1,570
Afghan	40	15	0	20	0	25
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 109}	455	70	290	75	10	115
Armenian	355	215	85	55	0	240
Assyrian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	335	215	55	40	25	235
Iraqi	60	20	25	10	0	25
Israeli	110	80	10	0	20	85
Jordanian	40	40	0	0	0	40
Kazakh	50	15	0	20	10	30
Kurd	20	20	0	0	0	20
Kuwaiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,190	490	535	150	15	560
Palestinian	165	65	45	55	0	90
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	305	100	160	40	0	120
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0	0	10
Turk	155	65	80	10	0	65
Turkmen	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yemeni	15	0	0	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 110}	25	15	0	0	0	20
South Asian origins	3,490	2,415	205	645	225	2,740
Bangladeshi	60	20	0	40	0	40
Bengali	60	40	0	10	10	45
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,120	1,515	140	345	120	1,690
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	565	370	20	155	25	450
Punjabi	115	100	0	0	0	110
Sinhalese	20	15	0	0	0	15
Sri Lankan	620	425	45	90	65	465
Tamil	75	35	20	10	15	40
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 111}	80	30	0	35	20	45
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,955	2,630	895	365	65	2,815
Burmese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	120	45	60	15	0	55
Chinese	1,700	1,040	450	160	50	1,120
Filipino	1,375	1,250	45	75	0	1,290
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	25	0	0	0	30
Japanese	175	110	55	10	0	115
Karen	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	100	70	30	0	0	70
Laotian	70	0	50	10	10	15
Malaysian	20	15	0	0	0	15
Mongolian	30	10	10	15	0	15
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	50	15	20	15	0	20
Thai	60	30	20	0	0	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	470	140	220	105	10	190
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	95	50	0	30	20	60
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	95	50	0	30	15	65
Oceania origins	80	65	15	0	0	60
Australian	65	50	20	0	0	50
New Zealander	15	15	0	0	0	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 116}	118,110	32,965	81,195	3,585	365	34,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,120	3,835	14,680	375	225	4,025
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 117}	29,390	9,165	19,515	645	70	9,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	69,600	19,965	47,000	2,560	70	21,245
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	19,150	3,535	15,240	360	20	3,705
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 118}	13,730	2,410	11,060	240	10	2,530
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 119}	5,425	1,120	4,180	115	10	1,180
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,005	7,630	15,555	790	25	8,025
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,745	905	2,670	170	0	990
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	22,700	7,895	13,530	1,250	25	8,520
Bachelor's degree	15,960	5,670	9,490	795	10	6,065
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,945	500	1,290	155	0	575
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	420	135	250	30	0	150
Master's degree	3,760	1,305	2,200	245	10	1,435
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 120}	610	290	300	25	0	300
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 121}	118,105	32,965	81,195	3,580	365	34,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 122}	48,510	13,000	34,195	1,020	295	13,510
Education	4,500	1,080	3,335	75	10	1,115
13. Education	4,500	1,075	3,340	75	10	1,110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,775	1,175	1,520	80	0	1,215
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	365	115	250	10	0	120
50. Visual and performing arts	2,410	1,060	1,270	75	0	1,100
Humanities	3,590	1,210	2,215	160	10	1,290
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	550	240	275	35	10	250
23. English language and literature/letters	305	240	40	25	0	260
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,950	440	1,430	80	0	480
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 123}	15	0	10	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	125	70	55	0	0	75
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	45	40	0	0	45
54. History	295	160	135	0	0	155
55. French language and literature/letters	260	20	240	0	0	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,835	2,875	3,655	295	10	3,020
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	20	45	15	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	715	235	445	40	0	255
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,535	490	995	45	10	510
22. Legal professions and studies	875	185	660	30	0	200
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 124}	70	10	60	0	0	15
42. Psychology	970	450	495	25	0	460
45. Social sciences	2,595	1,480	960	150	10	1,555
Business, management and public administration	16,340	4,610	11,120	600	10	4,910
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	605	145	455	0	0	145
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15,725	4,460	10,655	600	0	4,760
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,125	1,010	1,965	145	0	1,085
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,025	335	640	55	0	365
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	655	270	345	30	0	285
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 125}	285	15	255	10	0	20
40. Physical sciences	1,035	375	605	55	0	400
41. Science technologies/technicians	130	15	115	0	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,705	990	1,565	145	10	1,060
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,315	865	1,330	120	10	920
25. Library science	185	55	120	0	0	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	190	70	95	25	0	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 126}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	15,845	3,655	11,585	590	10	3,950
04. Architecture and related services	365	70	285	10	0	70
14. Engineering	2,890	950	1,625	315	0	1,110
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,655	890	2,655	110	0	945
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,780	465	2,295	20	0	480
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,065	910	3,060	95	0	960
48. Precision production	2,075	370	1,670	40	0	390
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,200	310	855	30	10	325
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	945	250	670	20	10	260
03. Natural resources and conservation	255	60	185	10	0	65
Health and related fields	7,315	1,970	5,065	270	0	2,105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	525	155	350	15	0	165
51. Health professions and related programs	6,680	1,760	4,665	245	0	1,880
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	110	50	55	10	0	55
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,365	1,080	4,110	170	0	1,165
12. Personal and culinary services	2,740	525	2,150	65	10	555
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	10	20	0	0	10
43. Security and protective services	1,190	240	900	50	0	270
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,390	305	1,030	55	0	335
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 127}	118,105	32,965	81,195	3,580	365	34,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,510	13,000	34,195	1,020	295	13,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 128}	69,600	19,970	46,995	2,565	65	21,245
Location of study inside Canada	63,410	16,970	44,990	1,445	15	17,690
Same as province or territory of residence	59,680	14,640	43,630	1,400	15	15,335
Different than province or territory of residence	3,730	2,330	1,360	40	0	2,350
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 129}	6,185	3,000	2,015	1,120	55	3,555
United States^{Footnote 130}	705	500	185	20	0	510
Philippines	325	315	0	10	0	320
India	250	220	10	20	10	225
United Kingdom^{Footnote 131}	555	510	40	0	0	515
China^{Footnote 132}	195	145	15	25	10	160
France	620	10	575	30	0	25
Other	3,535	1,295	1,200	1,010	35	1,795
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 133}	118,110	32,965	81,195	3,580	365	not applicable ...
In the labour force	83,980	23,765	57,300	2,830	85	not applicable ...
Employed	79,450	22,255	54,490	2,635	65	not applicable ...
Unemployed	4,525	1,510	2,805	200	15	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	34,125	9,200	23,895	750	285	not applicable ...
Participation rate	71.1	72.1	70.6	79.1	23.3	not applicable ...
Employment rate	67.3	67.5	67.1	73.6	17.8	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	5.4	6.4	4.9	7.1	17.6	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 134}	118,110	32,965	81,195	3,585	370	34,755
Did not work^{Footnote 135}	31,605	8,645	21,955	740	270	9,015
Worked	86,500	24,320	59,240	2,840	100	25,740
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 136}	45,585	13,250	30,800	1,515	20	14,005
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 137}	40,915	11,070	28,440	1,325	75	11,730
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7	43.7	43.9	42.5	35.9	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 138}	88,620	25,005	60,545	2,965	105	26,490
a.Management	10,970	3,765	6,855	345	15	3,935
00 Senior management occupations	1,745	530	1,175	40	0	550
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	3,340	1,255	1,990	95	0	1,305
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,540	1,165	2,230	140	10	1,235
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	2,345	815	1,455	65	0	845
b.Professional	13,960	4,195	9,230	530	0	4,465
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,765	835	1,780	145	0	910
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	3,360	1,130	2,035	195	0	1,225
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,270	425	795	45	0	455
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	915	200	685	30	0	215
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,240	840	2,350	50	0	865
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,660	485	1,125	50	0	510
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	755	280	455	20	0	290
c.Technical and paraprofessional	10,055	2,635	7,040	375	10	2,825
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	3,015	875	2,005	135	0	945
32 Technical occupations in health	1,695	315	1,295	85	0	355
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,610	635	1,875	85	10	680
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	735	140	590	10	0	145
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,010	670	1,280	60	0	705
d.Administration and administrative support	12,115	3,605	8,125	385	0	3,795
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	5,395	1,490	3,755	145	0	1,560
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	850	250	580	20	0	260
14 Office support occupations	3,510	1,160	2,205	145	0	1,230
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,370	715	1,590	70	0	745
e.Sales	9,525	2,765	6,435	310	10	2,925
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	2,095	820	1,210	65	0	850
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	3,970	1,170	2,650	140	0	1,240
66 Sales support occupations	3,460	780	2,575	105	0	830
f.Personal and customer information services	13,695	4,010	9,135	530	20	4,280
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,275	295	935	50	0	325
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,120	335	750	25	0	355
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,455	660	1,675	105	15	710
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	4,635	1,515	2,890	230	0	1,630
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	4,210	1,205	2,890	115	0	1,265
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	7,040	1,445	5,445	145	0	1,520
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,645	740	2,855	40	10	760
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	3,395	705	2,590	105	0	755
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	5,925	1,255	4,470	195	0	1,355
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,450	380	1,025	40	0	400
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,550	730	2,665	150	10	800
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	925	145	775	10	0	150
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,550	415	1,065	25	45	430
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	195	75	120	0	0	75
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	580	75	440	15	45	85
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	780	265	505	0	0	270
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,770	905	2,740	120	0	970
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	690	135	535	15	0	145
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,255	285	935	30	0	300
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	920	230	640	50	0	255
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	905	255	625	25	0	270
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 139}	88,620	25,005	60,550	2,960	105	26,485
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,485	185	1,235	20	45	200
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 140}	1,340	155	1,120	20	45	165
113 Forestry and logging	45	10	40	0	0	10
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	10	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	90	20	75	0	0	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	215	45	170	0	0	40
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	170	25	145	0	0	25
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	45	15	30	0	0	15
22 Utilities	530	45	480	0	0	45
221 Utilities	530	45	480	0	0	45
23 Construction	5,355	1,015	4,275	60	10	1,040
236 Construction of buildings	1,815	380	1,420	10	0	385
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	440	65	375	0	0	65
238 Specialty trade contractors	3,100	565	2,480	45	10	590
31-33 Manufacturing	10,870	3,045	7,385	435	0	3,265
311 Food manufacturing	970	155	765	55	0	185
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	175	20	150	10	0	25
313 Textile mills	45	20	30	0	0	20
314 Textile product mills	25	20	10	10	0	20
315 Clothing manufacturing	165	60	95	10	0	70
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	20	10	10	0	0	10
321 Wood product manufacturing	155	20	130	0	0	20
322 Paper manufacturing	555	90	460	10	0	95
323 Printing and related support activities	395	105	285	0	0	105
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	0	10	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	1,310	285	975	50	0	310
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	730	210	510	15	0	215
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	280	50	230	0	0	50
331 Primary metal manufacturing	420	45	355	20	0	50
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	880	310	550	25	0	320
333 Machinery manufacturing	660	270	375	25	0	275
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	675	225	400	50	0	250
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	310	115	185	0	0	120
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	1,930	755	1,055	115	0	815
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	485	90	375	20	0	100
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	660	195	445	20	0	205
41 Wholesale trade	5,930	2,095	3,630	200	0	2,200
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	20	0	15	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	50	10	40	0	0	10
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	540	125	405	10	0	130
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	1,215	545	630	45	0	565
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	285	50	215	25	0	60
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	885	300	575	15	0	310
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	2,110	790	1,240	85	0	830
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	675	235	430	10	0	245
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	155	55	90	15	0	60
44-45 Retail trade	10,945	2,760	7,790	385	15	2,950
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,415	400	985	35	0	420
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	405	115	270	20	0	125
443 Electronics and appliance stores	385	155	210	20	0	170
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	895	190	685	15	0	200
445 Food and beverage stores	2,630	450	2,100	70	10	490
446 Health and personal care stores	1,160	225	910	30	0	240
447 Gasoline stations	270	80	180	15	0	90
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,060	445	570	40	10	465
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	495	180	315	10	0	180
452 General merchandise stores	1,165	240	850	75	0	280
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	715	155	530	25	10	170
454 Non-store retailers	345	120	200	25	0	135
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	6,865	2,325	4,185	350	10	2,500
481 Air transportation	965	440	500	30	0	455
482 Rail transportation	335	135	180	10	0	145
483 Water transportation	20	10	20	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	2,045	705	1,170	155	10	790
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	805	90	690	20	0	105
486 Pipeline transportation	10	0	10	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	1,330	530	705	90	0	575
491 Postal service	455	70	375	10	0	80
492 Couriers and messengers	405	205	190	10	0	210
493 Warehousing and storage	505	140	350	20	0	150
51 Information and cultural industries	1,810	655	1,070	90	0	695
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	415	215	185	10	0	220
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	190	70	110	10	0	75
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	165	55	105	0	0	55
517 Telecommunications	805	235	505	60	0	265
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	45	40	0	0	0	40
519 Other information services	200	40	155	10	0	40
52 Finance and insurance	2,760	765	1,900	85	0	810
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	1,545	350	1,135	55	0	380
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	390	180	200	10	0	185
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	825	235	565	20	0	245
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,320	440	830	55	0	470
531 Real estate	1,005	340	615	55	0	370
532 Rental and leasing services	310	100	215	0	0	100
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	10	10	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	6,520	2,235	4,075	215	0	2,340
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	6,520	2,235	4,075	215	0	2,340
55 Management of companies and enterprises	105	55	50	0	0	55
551 Management of companies and enterprises	105	50	55	0	0	55
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,575	1,235	2,180	150	0	1,315
561 Administrative and support services	3,385	1,215	2,020	150	0	1,290
562 Waste management and remediation services	190	25	170	0	0	25
61 Educational services	5,980	1,665	4,180	130	0	1,730
611 Educational services	5,975	1,670	4,180	130	0	1,735
62 Health care and social assistance	9,260	2,210	6,705	340	15	2,375
621 Ambulatory health care services	2,700	595	1,990	120	0	655
622 Hospitals	2,860	705	2,070	85	0	750
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	1,355	305	1,005	40	0	325
624 Social assistance	2,340	600	1,635	95	10	645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,080	675	1,360	45	0	700
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	425	180	225	25	0	190
712 Heritage institutions	110	20	90	0	0	20
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	1,540	475	1,045	20	0	480
72 Accommodation and food services	5,315	1,910	3,180	210	15	2,015
721 Accommodation services	515	180	320	20	0	190
722 Food services and drinking places	4,795	1,730	2,860	190	20	1,825
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,780	1,005	2,675	100	0	1,060
811 Repair and maintenance	1,520	380	1,095	45	0	400
812 Personal and laundry services	1,380	365	975	45	0	385
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	700	190	505	10	0	195
814 Private households	180	80	100	0	0	80
91 Public administration	3,915	645	3,180	85	0	690
911 Federal government public administration	1,065	300	740	30	0	310
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	740	60	655	20	0	70
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	2,105	280	1,790	35	0	295
914 Aboriginal public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	79,455	22,255	54,495	2,635	70	23,575
Worked at home	6,355	2,030	4,095	220	10	2,140
Worked outside Canada	195	100	75	20	0	110
No fixed workplace address	7,735	2,215	5,235	270	10	2,350
Worked at usual place	65,165	17,915	45,080	2,125	50	18,975
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 142}	88,620	25,005	60,545	2,960	105	26,485
English	23,185	16,575	5,870	715	20	16,935
French	54,500	4,760	48,820	915	0	5,220
Non-official language	210	70	35	20	70	85
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	200	65	35	20	75	80
English and French	10,430	3,465	5,740	1,215	10	4,075
English and non-official language	115	90	10	25	0	100
French and non-official language	25	0	20	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	150	35	55	70	0	70
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 143}	88,620	25,005	60,545	2,965	105	26,485
None	44,555	11,245	31,460	1,765	85	12,125
English	28,425	3,980	23,805	630	10	4,290
French	14,790	9,405	4,930	455	0	9,630
Non-official language	530	260	195	80	0	300
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	525	255	185	80	0	295
English and French	30	10	15	10	0	15
English and non-official language	150	25	125	10	0	30
French and non-official language	140	90	20	25	0	105
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	65,170	17,915	45,080	2,120	50	18,975
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,005	2,105	7,580	285	40	2,245
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15,090	2,510	12,350	225	0	2,625
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	39,225	12,935	24,700	1,585	0	13,725
Commute to a different province or territory	850	360	460	30	0	375
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	72,900	20,125	50,315	2,395	65	21,320
Car, truck, van - as a driver	63,895	17,015	44,930	1,910	30	17,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,890	1,135	1,610	140	0	1,205
Public transit	3,425	1,270	1,895	260	0	1,400
Walked	1,645	405	1,200	40	10	425
Bicycle	420	75	310	15	25	80
Other method	630	225	375	30	0	240
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 145}	72,905	20,125	50,315	2,395	65	21,320
Less than 15 minutes	14,565	2,875	11,310	345	35	3,050
15 to 29 minutes	22,605	5,555	16,485	555	10	5,835
30 to 44 minutes	17,845	5,745	11,380	710	15	6,100
45 to 59 minutes	8,875	2,920	5,645	310	10	3,070
60 minutes and over	9,005	3,035	5,495	480	0	3,270
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 146}	72,900	20,130	50,315	2,395	60	21,320
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	6,715	1,380	5,140	195	0	1,475
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	16,650	4,230	11,850	565	0	4,505
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20,775	5,710	14,395	645	30	6,030
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,125	3,705	8,050	370	0	3,885
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,815	2,460	4,060	275	10	2,605
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,820	2,640	6,830	350	10	2,815
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	145,675	41,095	98,940	5,090	550	43,645
Non-movers	131,900	37,100	89,805	4,550	445	39,375
Movers	13,770	4,000	9,135	540	100	4,265
Non-migrants	4,425	1,145	3,100	185	0	1,235
Migrants	9,345	2,855	6,035	355	100	3,030
Internal migrants	9,005	2,670	5,930	335	65	2,840
Intraprovincial migrants	8,535	2,415	5,730	335	60	2,580
Interprovincial migrants	470	260	205	10	0	260
External migrants	335	180	100	15	40	190
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	138,370	38,965	94,235	4,785	380	41,360
Non-movers	93,375	25,460	64,735	2,985	195	26,955
Movers	44,990	13,510	29,505	1,800	185	14,405
Non-migrants	14,890	4,180	10,145	555	10	4,460
Migrants	30,105	9,325	19,360	1,245	175	9,950
Internal migrants	28,570	8,600	18,780	1,095	100	9,145
Intraprovincial migrants	27,155	7,680	18,325	1,070	90	8,210
Interprovincial migrants	1,415	920	460	20	10	930
External migrants	1,535	725	580	155	75	805

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

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Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 10

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 62

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Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 131

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Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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