Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

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This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Langley, DM
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984) First official language spoken (6)
Total - First official language spoken English French English and French Neither English nor French Official language minority (number)Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data 115,835 113,300 845 220 1,470 955
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data 115,835 113,300 845 220 1,470 955
0 to 14 years 21,560 21,270 35 50 200 60
0 to 4 years 6,660 6,485 10 0 160 10
5 to 9 years 7,425 7,370 15 15 20 25
10 to 14 years 7,470 7,410 0 35 15 25
15 to 64 years 76,845 75,325 515 150 855 590
15 to 19 years 7,645 7,580 10 55 0 35
20 to 24 years 6,725 6,685 0 15 15 15
25 to 29 years 6,195 6,100 25 10 55 30
30 to 34 years 7,225 7,135 55 10 25 60
35 to 39 years 7,725 7,625 45 25 25 60
40 to 44 years 8,020 7,830 75 10 105 80
45 to 49 years 8,415 8,165 50 15 185 60
50 to 54 years 8,950 8,715 80 0 150 80
55 to 59 years 8,530 8,315 70 0 140 75
60 to 64 years 7,420 7,165 95 0 155 95
65 years and over 17,430 16,700 295 15 415 300
65 to 69 years 6,405 6,185 115 10 95 120
70 to 74 years 4,510 4,305 70 0 130 70
75 to 79 years 2,870 2,750 55 0 65 50
80 to 84 years 1,900 1,810 35 0 55 35
85 years and over 1,745 1,655 20 0 65 25
85 to 89 years 1,205 1,140 20 0 50 20
90 to 94 years 455 430 0 0 20 10
95 to 99 years 90 85 0 0 0 0
100 years and over 0 0 0 0 0 0
Average age 39.7 39.5 54.9 28.7 50.8 not applicable ...
Median age 40.6 40.2 58.0 20.6 53.9 not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 2 94,275 92,030 810 165 1,270 895
Married or living common law 60,275 58,630 575 80 995 615
Married 52,540 51,015 480 75 970 520
Living common law 7,740 7,615 95 10 25 100
Not married and not living common law 34,000 33,400 235 85 275 280
Never married 22,340 22,155 70 80 40 105
Separated 2,305 2,260 15 0 30 15
Divorced 5,235 5,125 70 10 30 75
Widowed 4,115 3,860 80 0 180 80
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 3 94,275 92,030 810 165 1,270 890
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 90,405 88,230 800 130 1,250 not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 49,994 50,397 55,096 37,233 19,582 not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($) 38,830 39,325 41,928 29,118 14,562 not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 90,490 88,320 800 130 1,250 not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 41,408 41,720 44,878 32,530 18,075 not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($) 34,565 34,998 35,965 28,354 14,460 not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 84,175 82,420 765 125 870 not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 48,513 48,816 49,984 34,494 20,504 not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($) 36,770 37,174 33,130 18,703 13,092 not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 58,445 56,735 560 80 1,070 not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 7,460 7,456 10,522 5,808 6,174 not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($) 4,994 4,977 11,170 2,127 2,503 not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data 71,035 69,730 580 115 615 not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 46,859 47,052 51,354 33,430 23,175 not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($) 37,331 37,676 36,944 14,968 17,988 not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample dataFootnote 4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 not applicable ...
Market income (%)Footnote 5 90.3 90.5 86.7 92.6 72.9 not applicable ...
Employment income (%)Footnote 6 73.6 73.8 68.0 79.0 58.2 not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)Footnote 7 9.6 9.5 13.4 9.6 26.9 not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 8 94,280 92,030 810 165 1,270 890
Without total income 3,875 3,800 15 35 25 35
With total income 90,405 88,230 800 130 1,250 865
Percentage with total income 95.9 95.9 98.8 78.8 98.4 97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss) 12,435 11,970 40 too unreliable to be published F 380 65
$10,000 to $19,999 12,790 12,210 105 too unreliable to be published F 455 115
$20,000 to $29,999 11,295 10,970 130 too unreliable to be published F 185 135
$30,000 to $39,999 9,770 9,545 105 too unreliable to be published F 105 115
$40,000 to $49,999 8,630 8,490 95 too unreliable to be published F 35 100
$50,000 to $59,999 7,985 7,915 45 too unreliable to be published F 15 50
$60,000 to $69,999 6,250 6,150 55 too unreliable to be published F 35 60
$70,000 to $79,999 5,045 5,010 35 too unreliable to be published F 0 40
$80,000 to $89,999 4,215 4,150 55 too unreliable to be published F 10 55
$90,000 to $99,999 2,975 2,935 35 too unreliable to be published F 0 40
$100,000 and over 9,010 8,885 95 too unreliable to be published F 20 100
$100,000 to $149,999 6,325 6,225 70 too unreliable to be published F 20 75
$150,000 and over 2,685 2,660 20 too unreliable to be published F 0 25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 9 94,280 92,030 810 165 1,270 895
Without after-tax income 3,780 3,710 15 40 25 30
With after-tax income 90,495 88,320 800 125 1,245 860
Percentage with after-tax income 96.0 96.0 98.8 75.8 98.0 96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss) 12,945 12,475 40 too unreliable to be published F 390 60
$10,000 to $19,999 13,515 12,915 120 too unreliable to be published F 455 130
$20,000 to $29,999 13,395 12,990 165 too unreliable to be published F 225 170
$30,000 to $39,999 11,430 11,215 130 too unreliable to be published F 75 130
$40,000 to $49,999 10,620 10,535 50 too unreliable to be published F 15 60
$50,000 to $59,999 8,535 8,425 70 too unreliable to be published F 35 75
$60,000 to $69,999 6,130 6,050 65 too unreliable to be published F 20 65
$70,000 to $79,999 4,750 4,685 55 too unreliable to be published F 0 55
$80,000 and over 9,175 9,035 100 too unreliable to be published F 20 110
$80,000 to $89,999 3,000 2,935 50 too unreliable to be published F 10 55
$90,000 to $99,999 1,945 1,930 15 too unreliable to be published F 10 15
$100,000 and over 4,225 4,170 40 too unreliable to be published F 10 40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 10 94,275 92,030 810 165 1,270 890
Without employment income 23,240 22,300 235 50 660 260
With employment income 71,035 69,730 580 110 615 635
Percentage with employment income 75.3 75.8 71.6 66.7 48.4 71.3
Under $5,000 (including loss) 10,505 10,290 90 too unreliable to be published F 100 100
$5,000 to $9,999 4,920 4,795 25 too unreliable to be published F 80 35
$10,000 to $19,999 8,170 7,935 60 too unreliable to be published F 150 70
$20,000 to $29,999 6,955 6,760 75 too unreliable to be published F 125 75
$30,000 to $39,999 6,800 6,645 60 too unreliable to be published F 90 65
$40,000 to $49,999 5,945 5,890 25 too unreliable to be published F 15 30
$50,000 to $59,999 6,045 5,980 45 too unreliable to be published F 15 45
$60,000 to $69,999 4,765 4,710 30 too unreliable to be published F 20 35
$70,000 to $79,999 4,030 3,990 35 too unreliable to be published F 0 35
$80,000 and over 12,915 12,735 135 too unreliable to be published F 25 145
$80,000 to $89,999 3,385 3,335 40 too unreliable to be published F 10 40
$90,000 to $99,999 2,455 2,410 40 too unreliable to be published F 0 40
$100,000 and over 7,070 6,995 55 too unreliable to be published F 10 60
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 11 94,280 92,030 815 165 1,270 895
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 12 33,170 32,750 255 40 125 not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Footnote 13 59,476 59,476 74,635 63,909 25,413 not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Footnote 14 67,198 67,214 82,708 65,389 32,670 not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 15 115,830 113,300 845 220 1,470 955
English only 108,340 108,340 0 0 0 0
French only 20 0 15 0 0 20
English and French 5,985 4,940 830 220 0 935
Neither English nor French 1,490 20 0 0 1,470 0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 16 115,835 113,300 845 220 1,470 955
English 102,865 102,215 655 0 0 655
French 175 35 140 0 0 135
Non-official language 9,435 7,775 0 190 1,470 105
Aboriginal 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 9,440 7,770 10 190 1,470 100
English and French 90 40 40 10 0 40
English and non-official language 3,205 3,205 0 0 0 0
French and non-official language 10 10 10 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 55 30 0 20 0 15
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 17 115,835 113,300 845 220 1,470 955
None 104,395 102,415 555 90 1,330 600
English 4,235 3,930 70 115 120 125
French 715 510 205 0 0 205
Non-official language 6,365 6,330 15 0 20 15
Aboriginal 25 25 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 6,345 6,310 15 0 20 10
English and French 10 0 0 10 0 0
English and non-official language 55 50 10 0 0 10
French and non-official language 65 60 0 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample DataFootnote 18 115,830 113,300 845 220 1,470 955
English 92,825 92,825 0 0 0 0
French 965 140 825 0 0 820
Non-official language 20,220 18,540 0 205 1,470 105
Aboriginal 10 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 20,215 18,535 0 205 1,470 110
English and French 210 200 0 10 0 10
English and non-official language 1,530 1,530 0 0 0 0
French and non-official language 35 20 15 0 0 15
English, French and non-official language 50 45 0 0 0 0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 19 115,835 113,300 845 215 1,470 955
Official languages 114,345 113,280 845 215 0 955
English 114,325 113,280 830 215 0 935
French 6,000 4,935 845 215 0 955
Non-official languages 25,265 23,490 90 210 1,470 195
Aboriginal languages 30 35 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal languages 25,230 23,455 90 210 1,470 200
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 20 115,835 113,300 845 215 1,470 955
Aboriginal identityFootnote 21 4,310 4,265 35 0 10 35
Single Aboriginal responsesFootnote 22 4,210 4,165 40 0 0 40
First Nations (North American Indian)Footnote 23 1,875 1,865 10 0 0 10
Métis 2,320 2,280 30 0 0 30
Inuk (Inuit) 20 20 0 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesFootnote 24 70 70 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereFootnote 25 30 35 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal identity 111,525 109,035 810 215 1,465 920
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 26 115,835 113,300 845 220 1,470 955
Registered or Treaty IndianFootnote 27 945 945 0 0 0 0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 114,890 112,355 845 220 1,470 950
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 28 115,835 113,300 845 220 1,470 955
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 29 415 405 0 0 10 10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 30 410 400 10 0 10 0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryFootnote 31 245 240 10 0 0 10
Métis single ancestry 165 155 0 0 0 0
Inuit single ancestry 10 0 0 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Footnote 32 10 10 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries 10 10 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 33 4,975 4,905 70 0 0 70
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 34 4,815 4,750 65 0 0 60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries 2,745 2,715 30 0 0 25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 2,040 2,000 35 0 0 35
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 30 30 0 0 0 0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesFootnote 35 160 150 10 0 0 10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries 165 150 10 0 0 10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries 0 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Footnote 36 110,440 107,985 765 215 1,465 875
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 37 115,835 113,300 845 220 1,470 955
Canadian citizensFootnote 38 109,255 107,470 825 190 775 920
Canadian citizens only 105,480 103,835 800 140 705 870
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country 3,775 3,630 25 50 65 50
Not Canadian citizensFootnote 39 6,575 5,830 25 25 695 35
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 40 115,835 113,300 845 220 1,475 955
Non-immigrantsFootnote 41 91,925 90,945 755 70 150 790
ImmigrantsFootnote 42 22,495 21,110 90 145 1,145 165
Before 1981 7,750 7,590 50 20 90 60
1981 to 1990 2,385 2,295 10 10 80 10
1991 to 2000 4,170 3,825 10 20 320 20
2001 to 2010 5,565 5,140 10 90 335 45
2001 to 2005 2,645 2,455 10 35 155 20
2006 to 2010 2,925 2,685 0 55 180 30
2011 to 2016Footnote 43 2,615 2,260 20 10 325 25
Non-permanent residentsFootnote 44 1,415 1,245 0 10 170 0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 45 22,495 21,115 90 140 1,150 165
Under 5 years 2,710 2,655 10 15 30 15
5 to 14 years 4,680 4,590 10 40 40 30
15 to 24 years 4,785 4,665 25 20 70 40
25 to 44 years 8,585 8,060 40 65 425 70
45 years and over 1,730 1,140 0 0 585 0
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 46 22,490 21,110 90 145 1,150 165
Americas 2,530 2,455 0 45 30 25
Brazil 100 105 0 0 0 0
Colombia 75 50 0 10 15 10
El Salvador 140 130 0 10 0 10
Guyana 30 30 0 0 0 0
Haiti 0 10 0 0 0 0
Jamaica 80 80 0 0 0 0
Mexico 305 295 0 0 10 0
Peru 85 70 0 10 0 0
Trinidad and Tobago 65 65 0 0 0 0
United StatesFootnote 47 1,245 1,250 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Americas 405 385 0 20 10 10
Europe 8,070 7,945 65 20 40 75
Bosnia and Herzegovina 110 105 0 0 0 0
Croatia 90 90 0 0 0 0
France 75 25 55 0 0 55
Germany 855 850 10 0 0 0
Greece 70 70 0 0 0 0
Hungary 140 140 0 0 0 0
IrelandFootnote 48 150 150 0 0 0 0
Italy 225 225 0 0 0 0
Netherlands 990 980 0 0 10 0
Poland 345 340 0 0 0 0
Portugal 155 155 0 0 0 0
Romania 255 240 10 0 0 10
Russian Federation 175 175 0 0 0 0
SerbiaFootnote 49 70 60 0 0 0 0
Ukraine 185 175 0 0 15 0
United KingdomFootnote 50 3,350 3,350 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Europe 835 830 0 10 0 0
Africa 960 925 25 10 10 30
Algeria 0 0 0 0 0 0
Egypt 175 160 0 10 0 10
Ethiopia 15 15 0 0 0 0
Kenya 70 65 0 0 0 0
Morocco 10 0 10 0 0 0
Nigeria 85 90 0 0 0 0
Somalia 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Africa, Republic of 345 340 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Africa 265 245 15 10 0 15
Asia 10,335 9,200 10 70 1,065 40
Afghanistan 65 60 0 0 10 0
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0 0 0
ChinaFootnote 51 1,480 1,270 0 10 205 0
Hong KongFootnote 52 235 215 0 0 25 0
India 1,855 1,595 0 0 260 0
IranFootnote 53 145 140 0 0 10 0
Iraq 55 55 0 0 0 0
Japan 190 185 0 0 0 0
Korea, SouthFootnote 54 2,655 2,335 0 40 275 20
Lebanon 35 25 0 10 0 0
Pakistan 100 80 0 0 15 0
Philippines 1,240 1,240 0 0 0 0
Sri Lanka 25 25 0 10 0 0
SyriaFootnote 55 10 0 0 0 10 0
Taiwan 830 745 0 0 85 0
Viet Nam 745 590 0 0 155 0
Other places of birth in Asia 665 635 0 15 20 10
Oceania and other places of birthFootnote 56 595 590 0 0 0 0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 57 2,620 2,260 15 15 325 25
Americas 305 290 0 0 15 0
Brazil 30 30 0 0 0 0
Colombia 20 10 0 0 10 0
Cuba 0 0 0 0 0 0
Haiti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jamaica 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mexico 50 50 0 0 0 0
United StatesFootnote 58 150 150 0 0 0 0
VenezuelaFootnote 59 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Americas 50 50 0 0 10 0
Europe 265 245 10 10 0 10
France 10 0 10 0 0 0
Germany 20 20 0 0 0 0
IrelandFootnote 60 20 20 0 0 0 0
MoldovaFootnote 61 10 10 0 10 0 0
Romania 10 10 0 0 0 0
Russian Federation 0 10 0 0 0 0
Ukraine 10 10 0 0 0 0
United KingdomFootnote 62 95 95 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Europe 90 85 0 0 0 0
Africa 130 115 10 0 10 10
Algeria 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cameroon 0 0 0 0 0 0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 10 0 10 0 0 0
Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 0 0 0 0
Egypt 55 50 0 0 10 0
Eritrea 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ethiopia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Morocco 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nigeria 10 15 0 0 0 0
Somalia 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Africa, Republic of 30 30 0 0 0 0
Tunisia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Africa 20 20 0 0 0 0
Asia 1,890 1,580 0 0 305 10
Afghanistan 10 0 0 0 0 0
Bangladesh 0 0 0 0 0 0
ChinaFootnote 63 515 385 0 0 130 0
Hong KongFootnote 64 0 10 0 0 0 0
India 220 150 0 0 70 0
IranFootnote 65 20 15 0 0 10 0
Iraq 0 0 0 0 0 0
Israel 10 10 0 0 0 0
Japan 10 10 0 0 0 0
Korea, SouthFootnote 66 550 470 0 10 85 10
Lebanon 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nepal 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pakistan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Philippines 265 265 0 0 0 0
Saudi Arabia 10 10 0 0 0 0
Sri Lanka 0 10 0 0 0 0
SyriaFootnote 67 10 0 0 0 10 0
Taiwan 145 145 0 0 0 0
Turkey 10 0 0 0 0 0
United Arab Emirates 10 10 0 0 0 0
Viet Nam 25 25 0 0 0 0
Other places of birth in Asia 80 80 0 0 10 0
Oceania and otherFootnote 68 25 30 0 0 0 0
Australia 20 20 0 0 0 0
Other places of birthFootnote 69 10 10 0 0 0 0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 70 115,835 113,300 845 220 1,470 955
First generationFootnote 71 24,655 23,090 95 150 1,325 165
Second generationFootnote 72 27,115 26,830 80 65 135 115
Third generation or moreFootnote 73 64,055 63,375 670 0 0 675
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataFootnote 74 15,120 13,885 40 120 1,075 105
Economic immigrantsFootnote 75 9,355 8,760 15 100 480 70
Principal applicantsFootnote 76 3,215 2,970 15 25 200 25
Secondary applicantsFootnote 77 6,145 5,785 10 70 285 40
Immigrants sponsored by familyFootnote 78 4,610 4,080 20 15 500 25
RefugeesFootnote 79 1,075 985 0 0 90 0
Other immigrantsFootnote 80 75 60 10 0 0 10
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 81 115,830 113,300 845 220 1,470 950
Total visible minority populationFootnote 82 21,610 20,005 55 170 1,385 135
South AsianFootnote 83 5,140 4,815 0 0 325 10
Chinese 4,810 4,335 10 35 440 20
Black 1,205 1,170 35 0 0 35
Filipino 1,915 1,915 0 0 0 0
Latin American 1,100 1,000 0 55 45 30
Arab 355 325 0 10 15 10
Southeast AsianFootnote 84 1,600 1,420 0 15 165 10
West AsianFootnote 85 355 335 10 0 15 10
Korean 3,545 3,130 0 40 375 20
Japanese 895 890 0 0 0 0
Visible minority, n.i.e.Footnote 86 105 105 0 0 0 0
Multiple visible minoritiesFootnote 87 580 570 0 0 0 0
Not a visible minorityFootnote 88 94,230 93,295 795 50 85 820
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 89 115,830 113,300 845 215 1,470 955
North American Aboriginal origins 5,395 5,310 80 0 0 80
First Nations (North American Indian) 3,155 3,115 40 0 0 40
Inuit 45 40 0 0 0 0
Métis 2,370 2,315 50 0 10 50
Other North American origins 28,380 28,065 305 0 10 310
Acadian 25 30 0 0 0 0
American 2,290 2,280 10 0 10 10
Canadian 26,995 26,685 300 0 10 305
New Brunswicker 0 0 0 0 0 0
Newfoundlander 65 70 0 0 0 0
Nova Scotian 25 20 0 0 0 0
Ontarian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Québécois 30 30 0 0 0 0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Footnote 90 0 0 0 0 0 0
European origins 86,000 85,200 650 65 80 680
British Isles origins 58,320 58,170 135 0 10 135
Channel Islander 30 30 0 0 0 0
Cornish 0 0 0 0 0 0
English 37,225 37,170 45 0 10 50
Irish 19,470 19,410 60 0 0 60
Manx 40 40 0 0 0 0
Scottish 25,765 25,695 55 0 0 60
Welsh 3,280 3,280 0 0 0 0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Footnote 91 3,495 3,490 10 0 0 10
French origins 10,585 10,020 545 20 0 555
Alsatian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Breton 0 0 0 0 0 0
Corsican 0 0 0 0 0 0
French 10,580 10,015 545 20 0 560
Western European origins (except French origins) 29,980 29,835 115 15 15 120
Austrian 1,670 1,670 0 0 0 0
Bavarian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Belgian 685 650 30 0 0 30
Dutch 9,990 9,960 20 10 0 25
Flemish 20 25 0 0 0 0
Frisian 10 15 0 0 0 0
German 20,220 20,130 65 10 10 75
Luxembourger 25 25 0 0 0 0
Swiss 815 810 10 0 0 0
Western European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 92 15 15 0 0 0 0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 10,890 10,875 15 0 0 15
Danish 1,870 1,870 0 0 0 0
Finnish 1,015 1,015 0 0 0 0
Icelandic 925 925 0 0 0 0
Norwegian 4,535 4,520 10 0 0 10
Swedish 3,350 3,345 10 0 0 0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 93 400 400 0 0 0 0
Eastern European origins 18,005 17,905 30 20 55 35
Bulgarian 135 135 0 0 0 0
Byelorussian 55 55 0 0 0 0
Czech 790 795 0 0 0 0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Footnote 94 190 190 0 0 0 0
Estonian 100 100 0 0 0 0
Hungarian 1,965 1,960 0 0 0 0
Latvian 135 135 10 0 0 10
Lithuanian 130 125 0 0 0 0
Moldovan 35 30 0 10 0 0
Polish 4,380 4,365 10 0 10 10
Romanian 910 890 10 0 15 0
Russian 3,965 3,950 0 0 10 0
Slovak 365 355 0 10 0 0
Ukrainian 7,895 7,865 0 10 30 0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 95 70 75 0 0 0 0
Southern European origins 8,420 8,315 60 30 25 75
Albanian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bosnian 100 100 0 0 0 0
Catalan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Croatian 655 655 0 0 0 0
Cypriot 20 20 0 0 0 0
Greek 595 595 0 0 0 0
Italian 4,445 4,395 30 0 10 35
Kosovar 0 0 0 0 0 0
Macedonian 35 35 0 0 0 0
Maltese 70 70 0 0 0 0
Montenegrin 15 15 0 0 0 0
Portuguese 1,055 1,045 10 0 0 10
Serbian 225 215 0 0 10 0
Sicilian 20 15 0 0 0 0
Slovenian 150 150 0 0 0 0
Spanish 1,440 1,375 20 25 10 35
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Footnote 96 185 185 0 0 0 0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 97 10 0 10 0 0 0
Other European origins 720 700 10 15 0 15
Basque 15 0 0 15 0 0
Jewish 300 300 0 0 0 0
Roma (Gypsy) 15 15 0 0 0 0
Slavic, n.o.s.Footnote 98 20 20 0 0 0 0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Footnote 99 370 370 0 0 0 10
Caribbean origins 700 695 10 0 0 10
Antiguan 10 10 0 0 0 0
Bahamian 0 10 0 0 0 0
Barbadian 60 60 0 0 0 0
Bermudan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carib 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cuban 30 30 0 0 0 0
Dominican 0 10 0 0 0 0
Grenadian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Guadeloupean 10 0 10 0 0 0
Haitian 35 35 0 0 0 0
Jamaican 370 365 0 0 0 0
Kittitian/Nevisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Martinican 0 0 0 0 0 0
Montserratan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Puerto Rican 15 10 0 0 0 0
St. Lucian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 110 110 0 0 0 0
Vincentian/Grenadinian 10 0 0 0 0 0
West Indian, n.o.s.Footnote 100 45 45 0 0 0 0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Footnote 101 30 30 0 0 0 0
Latin, Central and South American origins 2,065 1,970 0 55 40 25
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya) 80 80 0 0 0 0
Arawak 0 0 0 0 0 0
Argentinian 80 75 0 0 0 10
Belizean 10 0 0 0 0 0
Bolivian 0 10 0 0 0 0
Brazilian 135 135 0 0 0 0
Chilean 125 125 0 10 0 0
Colombian 120 95 0 15 15 10
Costa Rican 15 15 0 0 0 0
Ecuadorian 50 35 0 10 0 0
Guatemalan 45 35 0 0 0 0
Guyanese 25 25 0 0 0 0
Hispanic 25 20 0 0 0 0
Honduran 75 75 0 0 0 0
Maya 25 25 0 0 0 0
Mexican 700 685 0 10 10 0
Nicaraguan 65 60 0 0 10 0
Panamanian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Paraguayan 25 25 0 0 0 0
Peruvian 105 105 0 0 0 0
Salvadorean 225 225 0 10 0 0
Uruguayan 0 10 0 0 0 0
Venezuelan 30 30 0 0 0 0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Footnote 102 155 155 0 0 0 0
African origins 1,705 1,655 30 10 10 35
Central and West African origins 300 275 25 0 0 25
Akan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Angolan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ashanti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Beninese 10 0 0 0 0 0
Burkinabe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cameroonian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chadian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Congolese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Edo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ewe 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gabonese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gambian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ghanaian 130 130 0 0 0 0
Guinean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ibo 30 35 0 0 0 0
Ivorian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Liberian 0 10 0 0 0 0
Malian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malinké 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nigerian 105 110 0 0 0 0
Peulh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senegalese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sierra Leonean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Togolese 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wolof 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yoruba 15 10 0 0 0 0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 103 30 0 25 0 0 30
North African origins 325 310 0 0 0 10
Algerian 0 10 0 0 0 0
Berber 0 0 0 0 0 0
Coptic 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dinka 0 0 0 0 0 0
Egyptian 255 245 10 0 0 0
Libyan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Maure 0 0 0 0 0 0
Moroccan 15 20 0 0 0 0
Sudanese 35 40 0 0 0 0
Tunisian 0 0 0 0 0 0
North African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 104 0 10 0 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins 650 640 0 10 0 10
Afrikaner 20 15 0 0 0 0
Amhara 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bantu, n.o.s.Footnote 105 0 0 0 0 0 0
Burundian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Djiboutian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Eritrean 10 0 0 0 0 0
Ethiopian 25 25 0 0 0 0
Harari 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kenyan 35 35 0 0 0 0
Malagasy 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mauritian 25 20 0 0 0 10
Oromo 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rwandan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Seychellois 0 0 0 0 0 0
Somali 0 0 0 0 0 0
South African 475 470 0 0 0 0
Tanzanian 15 10 0 0 0 0
Tigrian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ugandan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zambian 25 25 0 0 0 0
Zimbabwean 45 45 0 0 0 0
Zulu 0 0 0 0 0 0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 106 35 35 0 0 0 0
Other African origins 430 435 0 0 0 0
Black, n.o.s.Footnote 107 15 20 0 0 0 0
Other African origins, n.i.e.Footnote 108 415 415 0 0 0 0
Asian origins 19,740 18,265 15 115 1,340 75
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 1,160 1,105 10 15 25 15
Afghan 85 80 0 0 10 0
Arab, n.o.s.Footnote 109 135 130 0 0 0 0
Armenian 35 35 0 0 0 0
Assyrian 15 15 0 0 0 0
Azerbaijani 25 20 0 0 0 0
Georgian 60 60 0 0 0 0
Hazara 0 0 0 0 0 0
Iranian 335 330 10 0 10 10
Iraqi 80 80 0 0 0 0
Israeli 50 40 0 0 0 0
Jordanian 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kazakh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kurd 10 10 0 0 0 0
Kuwaiti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kyrgyz 10 15 0 0 0 0
Lebanese 110 100 0 10 0 0
Palestinian 40 40 0 0 0 0
Pashtun 0 0 0 0 0 0
Saudi Arabian 25 25 0 0 0 0
Syrian 50 35 0 0 10 0
Tajik 15 15 0 0 0 0
Tatar 0 0 0 0 0 0
Turk 120 115 0 10 0 0
Turkmen 15 15 0 0 0 0
Uighur 0 0 0 0 0 0
Uzbek 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yemeni 0 0 0 0 0 0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Footnote 110 35 35 0 0 0 10
South Asian origins 5,000 4,670 0 0 325 0
Bangladeshi 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bengali 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bhutanese 0 0 0 0 0 0
East Indian 4,365 4,065 0 0 295 0
Goan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gujarati 0 0 0 0 0 0
Kashmiri 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nepali 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pakistani 105 105 0 0 10 0
Punjabi 530 495 0 0 35 0
Sinhalese 10 15 0 0 0 0
Sri Lankan 35 30 0 0 10 0
Tamil 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 111 285 275 0 0 10 0
East and Southeast Asian origins 13,590 12,495 0 100 990 55
Burmese 10 10 0 0 0 0
Cambodian (Khmer) 30 20 0 0 10 0
Chinese 5,255 4,810 10 40 395 20
Filipino 2,075 2,080 0 0 0 0
Hmong 0 0 0 0 0 0
Indonesian 185 185 0 0 0 0
Japanese 1,100 1,090 0 0 0 10
Karen 0 0 0 0 0 0
Korean 3,585 3,165 0 45 375 20
Laotian 105 100 0 0 0 10
Malaysian 55 55 0 0 0 0
Mongolian 10 10 0 0 0 0
Singaporean 0 0 0 0 0 0
Taiwanese 530 450 0 20 65 10
Thai 85 75 0 0 10 0
Tibetan 30 30 0 0 0 0
Vietnamese 1,340 1,165 0 15 155 10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 112 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other Asian origins 60 65 0 0 0 0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Footnote 113 60 60 0 0 0 0
Oceania origins 1,035 1,040 0 0 0 0
Australian 445 445 0 0 0 0
New Zealander 210 215 0 0 0 0
Pacific Islands origins 405 405 0 0 0 0
Fijian 300 300 0 0 0 0
Hawaiian 35 35 0 0 0 0
Maori 30 30 0 0 0 0
Samoan 25 25 0 0 0 0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Footnote 114 10 10 0 0 0 0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Footnote 115 15 15 0 0 0 0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 116 94,275 92,030 810 165 1,270 890
No certificate, diploma or degree 13,910 13,300 115 45 445 145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateFootnote 117 31,470 30,790 230 25 425 245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 48,895 47,935 460 100 400 505
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 9,655 9,550 115 0 0 110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationFootnote 118 3,745 3,690 55 0 0 55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationFootnote 119 5,915 5,855 55 0 0 60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 18,055 17,765 190 15 85 195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 3,495 3,365 45 10 80 50
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 17,690 17,260 115 75 240 155
Bachelor's degree 11,915 11,605 95 40 175 115
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 1,625 1,600 0 10 15 10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 450 430 0 10 10 10
Master's degree 3,195 3,115 10 30 40 20
Earned doctorateFootnote 120 505 505 0 0 0 0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 121 94,275 92,030 810 165 1,275 895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 122 45,380 44,090 350 65 875 385
Education 3,985 3,925 60 0 0 55
13. Education 3,985 3,920 55 0 10 60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 1,900 1,860 15 0 25 15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services 320 315 10 0 0 0
50. Visual and performing arts 1,585 1,550 10 0 25 10
Humanities 2,680 2,600 15 10 55 20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics 345 320 0 0 20 10
23. English language and literature/letters 630 625 0 0 0 0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities 650 640 0 10 0 0
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesFootnote 123 15 10 0 0 0 0
38. Philosophy and religious studies 160 160 0 0 0 0
39. Theology and religious vocations 485 460 10 0 15 10
54. History 330 325 0 0 10 0
55. French language and literature/letters 55 50 0 0 10 0
Social and behavioural sciences and law 5,105 4,985 55 15 55 60
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 55 50 0 0 10 0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs 385 375 10 0 0 10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences 1,015 985 10 0 15 15
22. Legal professions and studies 865 850 10 10 0 15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesFootnote 124 110 115 0 0 0 0
42. Psychology 860 840 10 10 0 10
45. Social sciences 1,810 1,770 10 10 30 15
Business, management and public administration 9,665 9,480 75 25 85 85
30.16 Accounting and computer science 20 20 0 0 0 0
44. Public administration and social service professions 465 465 0 0 10 0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services 9,175 8,995 70 20 85 85
Physical and life sciences and technologies 1,305 1,290 10 0 10 10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences 495 485 0 0 0 10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences 355 350 10 0 0 10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesFootnote 125 30 25 0 0 0 0
40. Physical sciences 325 320 0 0 0 0
41. Science technologies/technicians 110 110 0 0 0 0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 1,420 1,340 20 10 55 25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services 1,095 1,040 25 10 25 20
25. Library science 130 130 0 0 0 0
27. Mathematics and statistics 190 165 0 0 25 0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesFootnote 126 0 0 0 0 0 0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 11,295 11,085 110 30 70 125
04. Architecture and related services 205 205 0 10 0 0
14. Engineering 1,540 1,455 10 15 55 25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields 1,840 1,805 15 10 10 15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0
46. Construction trades 3,145 3,085 55 0 0 60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians 3,005 2,980 20 0 0 20
48. Precision production 1,565 1,560 10 0 0 10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 1,100 1,090 15 0 0 15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences 825 820 0 0 0 0
03. Natural resources and conservation 275 270 10 0 0 0
Health and related fields 7,415 7,315 45 15 40 55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies 535 515 10 0 10 0
51. Health professions and related programs 6,785 6,700 40 10 20 45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs 100 100 0 0 0 0
Personal, protective and transportation services 3,015 2,960 45 0 0 45
12. Personal and culinary services 1,820 1,790 20 0 10 20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art 0 0 0 0 0 0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences 30 30 0 0 0 0
43. Security and protective services 570 555 20 0 0 20
49. Transportation and materials moving 600 590 0 0 0 0
Other 0 0 0 0 0 0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other 10 10 0 0 0 0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 127 94,280 92,030 815 165 1,270 895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 45,380 44,090 355 65 875 385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 128 48,900 47,935 460 100 405 510
Location of study inside Canada 40,355 39,875 430 45 10 450
Same as province or territory of residence 34,055 33,835 185 30 0 200
Different than province or territory of residence 6,300 6,040 240 10 10 250
Location of study outside CanadaFootnote 129 8,540 8,065 30 60 390 60
United StatesFootnote 130 1,405 1,390 10 0 0 15
Philippines 600 595 0 0 0 0
India 550 515 0 0 35 0
United KingdomFootnote 131 1,130 1,130 10 0 0 0
ChinaFootnote 132 695 575 0 0 120 0
France 15 10 10 0 0 10
Other 4,150 3,850 10 50 240 35
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataFootnote 133 94,275 92,025 810 165 1,275 not applicable ...
In the labour force 63,410 62,415 455 95 445 not applicable ...
Employed 60,600 59,675 445 80 410 not applicable ...
Unemployed 2,810 2,750 10 15 35 not applicable ...
Not in the labour force 30,865 29,610 360 70 825 not applicable ...
Participation rate 67.3 67.8 56.2 57.6 34.9 not applicable ...
Employment rate 64.3 64.8 54.9 48.5 32.2 not applicable ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.4 2.2 15.8 7.9 not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataFootnote 134 94,280 92,030 815 165 1,270 895
Did not workFootnote 135 28,105 26,910 325 70 800 360
Worked 66,175 65,120 485 95 475 530
Worked full year, full timeFootnote 136 34,105 33,665 260 40 135 285
Worked part year and/or part timeFootnote 137 32,070 31,455 225 55 340 250
Average weeks worked in reference year 43.4 43.4 45.5 36.9 38.5 not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 138 68,345 67,230 495 100 525 545
a.Management 8,790 8,665 55 10 60 60
00 Senior management occupations 750 745 0 0 10 0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations 2,430 2,395 25 0 10 25
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services 3,005 2,975 15 10 15 15
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities 2,600 2,555 20 0 25 20
b.Professional 9,890 9,760 75 25 20 90
11 Professional occupations in business and finance 1,845 1,820 10 10 0 15
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences 1,510 1,485 20 10 10 20
30 Professional occupations in nursing 1,165 1,155 0 10 0 10
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing) 755 745 0 0 0 0
40 Professional occupations in education services 2,595 2,570 25 0 0 25
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services 1,410 1,380 10 10 10 15
51 Professional occupations in art and culture 615 600 0 0 15 0
c.Technical and paraprofessional 7,095 7,005 65 10 15 70
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences 1,975 1,950 10 0 15 15
32 Technical occupations in health 1,130 1,130 0 0 0 0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services 1,250 1,245 0 0 0 10
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services 1,080 1,040 35 0 0 35
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 1,660 1,640 10 0 0 15
d.Administration and administrative support 9,595 9,470 65 0 60 65
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations 3,710 3,670 35 0 0 30
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations 1,100 1,090 0 0 10 0
14 Office support occupations 3,370 3,350 0 0 20 0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations 1,415 1,360 30 0 20 30
e.Sales 7,080 7,015 25 0 35 30
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations 1,715 1,700 10 0 10 10
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade 3,430 3,400 15 0 20 10
66 Sales support occupations 1,940 1,920 10 0 10 0
f.Personal and customer information services 10,035 9,825 50 40 115 70
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services 825 820 0 0 0 0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations 1,305 1,300 0 0 10 0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations 1,895 1,820 10 15 55 20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations 3,080 3,035 20 10 10 30
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c. 2,930 2,850 20 10 45 25
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades 7,330 7,220 75 10 30 80
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades 4,860 4,775 55 0 30 60
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades 2,470 2,445 20 10 0 20
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction 4,760 4,695 45 0 20 45
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers 1,470 1,450 15 0 15 10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations 2,255 2,220 25 0 10 20
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations 1,035 1,025 15 0 0 15
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 2,010 1,865 10 0 130 15
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production 430 425 10 0 0 0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production 745 690 0 0 55 0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers 835 750 0 0 80 0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 1,775 1,720 20 10 35 20
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators 310 305 10 0 0 0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers 500 480 10 0 0 10
95 Assemblers in manufacturing 340 325 0 0 15 0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 620 610 0 0 15 0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 139 68,345 67,230 495 100 530 540
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 2,220 2,050 10 0 160 10
111 - 112 FarmsFootnote 140 1,940 1,770 15 0 160 10
113 Forestry and logging 70 70 0 0 0 0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping 80 75 0 0 0 0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry 135 135 0 0 0 0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 255 245 0 0 0 10
211 Oil and gas extraction 50 45 0 0 0 0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas) 65 65 0 0 0 0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction 140 135 0 0 0 0
22 Utilities 400 380 20 0 0 15
221 Utilities 395 385 15 0 0 15
23 Construction 7,650 7,520 95 0 35 95
236 Construction of buildings 2,025 1,980 35 0 15 35
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction 740 735 10 0 0 10
238 Specialty trade contractors 4,885 4,810 50 0 20 50
31-33 Manufacturing 5,175 5,085 25 10 50 30
311 Food manufacturing 685 660 0 0 25 10
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing 115 105 0 0 0 0
313 Textile mills 10 10 0 0 0 0
314 Textile product mills 30 30 0 0 0 0
315 Clothing manufacturing 20 15 0 0 0 0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing 10 10 0 0 0 0
321 Wood product manufacturing 505 500 0 0 0 10
322 Paper manufacturing 155 150 0 0 0 10
323 Printing and related support activities 230 230 0 0 0 0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing 30 30 0 0 0 0
325 Chemical manufacturing 165 170 0 0 0 0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing 220 210 10 10 0 10
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing 350 350 0 0 0 0
331 Primary metal manufacturing 180 180 0 0 0 0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing 735 730 0 0 0 0
333 Machinery manufacturing 430 425 10 0 0 10
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing 170 170 0 0 0 0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing 165 165 0 0 0 0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing 400 390 0 0 10 0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing 205 200 10 0 0 0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing 365 345 0 0 15 0
41 Wholesale trade 3,675 3,615 20 0 40 20
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers 50 55 0 0 0 0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers 15 15 0 0 0 0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers 445 430 0 0 10 10
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers 345 345 0 0 0 0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers 360 355 10 0 0 0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers 860 855 0 0 15 0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 940 935 0 0 10 0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers 495 495 0 0 10 0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers 150 135 10 0 0 10
44-45 Retail trade 7,825 7,755 35 0 35 35
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers 1,115 1,115 0 0 0 0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores 295 295 0 0 0 0
443 Electronics and appliance stores 345 335 0 0 10 0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers 740 730 0 0 0 0
445 Food and beverage stores 1,840 1,820 10 0 15 10
446 Health and personal care stores 685 685 0 0 0 0
447 Gasoline stations 215 215 0 0 0 0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores 715 700 10 0 10 10
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores 375 375 0 0 0 0
452 General merchandise stores 735 725 0 0 0 10
453 Miscellaneous store retailers 490 490 0 0 0 0
454 Non-store retailers 275 275 10 0 0 0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 3,800 3,765 25 0 10 25
481 Air transportation 315 310 0 0 0 0
482 Rail transportation 125 120 10 0 0 10
483 Water transportation 125 120 0 0 0 0
484 Truck transportation 1,080 1,065 15 0 0 15
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation 385 385 0 0 0 0
486 Pipeline transportation 0 0 0 0 0 0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation 0 0 0 0 0 0
488 Support activities for transportation 1,050 1,050 10 0 0 10
491 Postal service 155 155 0 0 0 0
492 Couriers and messengers 160 150 0 0 0 0
493 Warehousing and storage 400 395 0 0 10 0
51 Information and cultural industries 1,375 1,355 15 0 0 15
511 Publishing industries (except Internet) 215 215 0 0 0 0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries 465 450 10 0 0 15
515 Broadcasting (except Internet) 45 40 0 0 0 0
517 Telecommunications 455 450 0 10 0 0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services 45 40 0 0 0 0
519 Other information services 155 150 0 0 0 0
52 Finance and insurance 2,585 2,575 0 0 0 0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank 0 0 0 0 0 0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities 1,180 1,170 0 10 0 0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities 420 425 0 0 0 0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities 970 970 0 0 0 0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles 15 15 0 0 0 0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 1,240 1,235 10 0 0 0
531 Real estate 1,020 1,015 0 0 0 10
532 Rental and leasing services 220 215 0 0 0 0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works) 0 0 0 0 0 0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 4,460 4,400 35 0 15 40
541 Professional, scientific and technical services 4,460 4,400 35 10 20 35
55 Management of companies and enterprises 170 165 0 0 0 0
551 Management of companies and enterprises 170 165 0 0 0 10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 2,790 2,760 20 0 10 25
561 Administrative and support services 2,620 2,590 20 0 10 20
562 Waste management and remediation services 170 170 0 0 0 0
61 Educational services 5,115 5,080 30 10 0 30
611 Educational services 5,120 5,080 35 0 0 30
62 Health care and social assistance 6,445 6,380 40 15 15 45
621 Ambulatory health care services 2,415 2,390 10 0 0 15
622 Hospitals 2,040 2,035 0 0 0 10
623 Nursing and residential care facilities 875 860 20 0 0 15
624 Social assistance 1,110 1,095 10 0 0 10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 1,650 1,610 15 10 15 20
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries 570 560 0 0 10 0
712 Heritage institutions 45 45 10 0 0 10
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries 1,025 1,010 10 10 0 20
72 Accommodation and food services 4,675 4,550 10 20 95 20
721 Accommodation services 310 290 0 0 10 0
722 Food services and drinking places 4,370 4,255 10 15 85 15
81 Other services (except public administration) 3,310 3,250 20 10 30 25
811 Repair and maintenance 1,235 1,220 10 0 0 10
812 Personal and laundry services 935 915 10 10 10 10
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations 915 900 0 0 10 0
814 Private households 220 220 0 0 0 0
91 Public administration 3,530 3,455 60 15 0 70
911 Federal government public administration 1,585 1,525 40 10 0 50
912 Provincial and territorial public administration 465 465 0 0 0 0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration 1,475 1,455 15 0 0 20
914 Aboriginal public administration 0 0 0 0 0 0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration 10 10 0 0 0 0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataFootnote 141 60,605 59,670 445 80 410 485
Worked at home 5,595 5,500 40 0 55 45
Worked outside Canada 230 225 10 0 10 0
No fixed workplace address 8,950 8,770 115 10 65 115
Worked at usual place 45,825 45,180 285 70 285 320
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataFootnote 142 68,350 67,230 495 100 525 540
English 66,375 65,715 455 90 110 505
French 100 60 35 0 0 35
Non-official language 1,225 845 0 0 380 0
Aboriginal 10 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 1,225 840 0 0 380 0
English and French 85 80 0 10 0 0
English and non-official language 560 530 0 0 35 0
French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample DataFootnote 143 68,345 67,230 490 95 525 545
None 65,785 64,915 340 85 450 380
English 625 535 40 0 55 35
French 390 280 115 0 0 115
Non-official language 1,540 1,500 0 15 25 10
Aboriginal 10 0 0 0 0 0
Non-Aboriginal 1,535 1,495 0 15 25 10
English and French 0 0 0 0 0 0
English and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
French and non-official language 0 10 10 0 0 0
English, French and non-official language 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data 45,825 45,185 285 70 285 320
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence 16,275 15,965 100 30 180 115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence 25,835 25,570 175 30 65 190
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence 3,510 3,455 15 10 45 20
Commute to a different province or territory 200 195 0 0 0 10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 144 54,775 53,950 400 75 350 435
Car, truck, van - as a driver 47,095 46,460 370 50 210 395
Car, truck, van - as a passenger 2,845 2,730 10 10 100 15
Public transit 2,235 2,200 10 0 10 10
Walked 1,610 1,590 10 0 10 15
Bicycle 355 350 0 0 0 0
Other method 635 615 10 0 10 0
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 145 54,775 53,950 400 75 350 435
Less than 15 minutes 13,030 12,830 85 30 85 100
15 to 29 minutes 17,870 17,520 155 35 160 175
30 to 44 minutes 12,075 11,915 95 0 65 95
45 to 59 minutes 5,485 5,435 30 0 10 30
60 minutes and over 6,320 6,250 30 0 30 40
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataFootnote 146 54,775 53,950 400 75 350 440
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. 5,320 5,250 45 0 25 45
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m. 10,850 10,685 105 15 55 110
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m. 14,580 14,395 120 10 55 120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m. 10,310 10,170 80 10 50 85
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. 5,975 5,835 30 10 100 35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m. 7,740 7,610 30 35 65 50
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataFootnote 147 114,595 112,105 840 220 1,435 950
Non-movers 98,365 96,440 720 180 1,025 810
Movers 16,235 15,665 115 40 410 135
Non-migrants 7,240 7,030 45 15 150 50
Migrants 8,995 8,640 70 25 260 85
Internal migrants 8,030 7,775 70 25 165 80
Intraprovincial migrants 7,190 6,980 35 20 150 50
Interprovincial migrants 840 790 35 10 10 40
External migrants 965 865 0 0 100 0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataFootnote 148 109,175 106,810 830 220 1,310 940
Non-movers 63,035 62,005 450 115 465 510
Movers 46,140 44,810 380 105 845 430
Non-migrants 20,360 19,975 155 35 200 170
Migrants 25,775 24,835 225 70 640 265
Internal migrants 22,405 21,910 220 45 235 240
Intraprovincial migrants 19,920 19,535 145 40 205 160
Interprovincial migrants 2,490 2,375 75 10 25 80
External migrants 3,370 2,925 10 25 410 20

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

..

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

x

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

F

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.

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