Data tables, 2016 Census

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981), Mother Tongue (4), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (10), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Immigrant status and period of immigration (10)^{Footnote 1}

Age (8B)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , immigrant status and period of immigration , age and sex for the population in private households in Duncan
Data quality
Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (981)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Population in private households - 25% sample data	43,165	39,275	475	105
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	43,170	39,275	470	105
0 to 14 years	6,735	6,445	30	20
0 to 4 years	2,075	1,985	15	0
5 to 9 years	2,280	2,165	10	20
10 to 14 years	2,380	2,295	0	0
15 to 64 years	26,395	24,250	280	60
15 to 19 years	2,335	2,230	0	0
20 to 24 years	1,975	1,850	15	10
25 to 29 years	2,030	1,890	10	10
30 to 34 years	2,195	2,070	15	10
35 to 39 years	2,275	2,065	20	0
40 to 44 years	2,315	2,115	25	0
45 to 49 years	2,600	2,350	30	15
50 to 54 years	3,330	3,070	45	15
55 to 59 years	3,675	3,320	50	10
60 to 64 years	3,660	3,300	60	0
65 years and over	10,035	8,580	165	20
65 to 69 years	3,565	3,185	70	15
70 to 74 years	2,500	2,175	40	10
75 to 79 years	1,775	1,430	25	0
80 to 84 years	1,180	965	15	0
85 years and over	1,020	820	20	0
85 to 89 years	625	495	20	0
90 to 94 years	335	270	0	0
95 to 99 years	60	45	0	0
100 years and over	10	10	0	0
Average age	44.8	43.9	54.9	41.3
Median age	48.3	47.0	58.4	47.0
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 3}	36,430	32,830	445	80
Married or living common law	21,770	19,265	320	50
Married	17,415	15,185	250	30
Living common law	4,355	4,080	70	20
Not married and not living common law	14,665	13,565	125	30
Never married	8,230	7,795	40	25
Separated	1,205	1,105	20	0
Divorced	3,025	2,790	40	0
Widowed	2,200	1,875	20	10
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 4}	36,430	32,825	450	80
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	35,070	31,550	445	80
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,220	40,686	40,320	36,557
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,466	30,875	31,968	28,339
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	35,105	31,590	445	80
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,423	34,739	34,419	32,219
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,926	28,172	28,985	28,339
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	30,835	27,700	410	65
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,838	38,575	35,106	36,761
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,621	28,534	22,208	26,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,580	23,790	330	65
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,172	9,040	10,914	10,492
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,459	8,283	11,378	7,954
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,220	21,990	315	55
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,940	36,503	35,461	31,488
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,427	27,103	22,073	26,408
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Footnote 5}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Footnote 6}	82.7	83.3	79.3	75.4
Employment income (%)^{Footnote 7}	61.7	62.5	63.2	59.2
Government transfers (%)^{Footnote 8}	17.3	16.8	20.1	23.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 9}	36,430	32,830	445	80
Without total income	1,360	1,275	0	0
With total income	35,070	31,550	445	80
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.1	100.0	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,015	4,505	45	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	6,795	6,050	80	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	5,495	4,875	90	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	4,400	3,895	70	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	3,425	3,095	70	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,605	2,380	0	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,970	1,820	30	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,465	1,340	20	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	1,140	1,065	10	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	775	670	0	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,985	1,860	20	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 to $149,999	1,505	1,415	10	too unreliable to be published F
$150,000 and over	480	445	10	too unreliable to be published F
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 10}	36,430	32,830	445	80
Without after-tax income	1,325	1,240	0	0
With after-tax income	35,105	31,590	445	80
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.2	100.0	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,220	4,680	55	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	7,195	6,405	85	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	6,260	5,585	95	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	4,955	4,405	85	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	3,715	3,350	35	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	2,605	2,430	30	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,780	1,650	25	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,335	1,170	15	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	2,045	1,905	15	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	745	680	0	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	455	435	0	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	845	790	15	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 11}	36,430	32,830	445	80
Without employment income	12,210	10,840	130	25
With employment income	24,220	21,990	315	55
Percentage with employment income	66.5	67.0	70.8	68.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,130	4,520	85	too unreliable to be published F
$5,000 to $9,999	1,885	1,705	15	too unreliable to be published F
$10,000 to $19,999	3,215	2,870	35	too unreliable to be published F
$20,000 to $29,999	2,800	2,570	55	too unreliable to be published F
$30,000 to $39,999	2,575	2,390	30	too unreliable to be published F
$40,000 to $49,999	1,945	1,765	35	too unreliable to be published F
$50,000 to $59,999	1,680	1,520	10	too unreliable to be published F
$60,000 to $69,999	1,280	1,210	10	too unreliable to be published F
$70,000 to $79,999	1,000	950	10	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 and over	2,700	2,480	35	too unreliable to be published F
$80,000 to $89,999	890	805	10	too unreliable to be published F
$90,000 to $99,999	570	515	10	too unreliable to be published F
$100,000 and over	1,240	1,160	20	too unreliable to be published F
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 12}	36,430	32,825	445	80
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 13}	9,040	8,365	110	15
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 14}	49,193	49,294	41,806	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Footnote 15}	55,098	55,241	59,336	0
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 16}	43,165	39,275	475	105
English only	40,440	37,445	55	30
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	2,490	1,825	425	70
Neither English nor French	235	0	0	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 17}	43,165	39,270	475	100
English	41,630	39,025	420	100
French	45	0	45	0
Non-official language	1,055	75	0	0
Aboriginal	25	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,025	60	0	0
English and French	20	15	0	0
English and non-official language	405	155	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 18}	43,170	39,275	470	105
None	41,060	38,615	295	85
English	445	40	20	0
French	400	230	140	10
Non-official language	1,250	385	10	10
Aboriginal	225	145	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,025	240	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 19}	43,165	39,275	470	100
English	42,465	39,275	50	105
French	420	0	420	0
English and French	50	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	230	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Footnote 20}	445	0	420	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Footnote 21}	1.0	0.0	89.4	0.0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 22}	43,170	39,275	470	100
Official languages	42,930	39,270	475	105
English	42,930	39,270	470	105
French	2,495	1,825	425	70
Non-official languages	4,800	1,655	45	15
Aboriginal languages	445	265	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,360	1,395	45	15
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 23}	43,165	39,275	470	100
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 24}	5,775	5,440	55	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 25}	5,660	5,335	60	15
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 26}	4,660	4,420	10	0
Métis	970	890	55	15
Inuk (Inuit)	25	25	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 27}	65	50	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 28}	50	50	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	37,395	33,835	415	75
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 29}	43,165	39,275	475	105
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 30}	4,255	4,010	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	38,910	35,265	475	95
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 31}	43,170	39,275	475	105
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 32}	3,190	2,950	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 33}	3,170	2,940	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Footnote 34}	3,045	2,830	0	0
Métis single ancestry	120	110	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Footnote 35}	20	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 36}	2,970	2,845	65	25
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 37}	2,740	2,620	60	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,865	1,805	30	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	845	785	35	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	25	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Footnote 38}	235	230	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	235	230	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Footnote 39}	37,005	33,475	400	70
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 40}	43,165	39,275	470	105
Canadian citizens^{Footnote 41}	41,610	38,465	450	100
Canadian citizens only	40,325	37,460	425	90
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,285	1,000	30	15
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 42}	1,560	810	25	10
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 43}	43,165	39,275	475	105
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 44}	37,130	35,705	425	100
Immigrants^{Footnote 45}	5,805	3,495	50	0
Before 1981	3,605	2,330	20	0
1981 to 1990	555	345	10	0
1991 to 2000	495	270	0	0
2001 to 2010	620	380	10	0
2001 to 2005	270	160	10	0
2006 to 2010	355	210	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Footnote 46}	525	175	15	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 47}	225	75	0	0
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 48}	5,810	3,495	50	0
Under 5 years	785	590	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,140	725	10	0
15 to 24 years	1,455	740	10	0
25 to 44 years	2,075	1,220	30	0
45 years and over	355	220	0	10
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 49}	5,805	3,495	45	0
Americas	855	720	0	0
Brazil	25	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	15	0	0
Mexico	20	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	20	0	0
United States^{Footnote 50}	655	640	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	110	35	0	0
Europe	3,470	2,265	40	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	0	0
Croatia	20	10	0	0
France	45	15	30	0
Germany	355	70	0	0
Greece	20	15	0	0
Hungary	50	10	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 51}	60	60	0	0
Italy	65	0	0	0
Netherlands	400	45	0	0
Poland	45	0	0	0
Portugal	35	10	0	0
Romania	45	10	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	0	0
Serbia^{Footnote 52}	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 53}	1,970	1,955	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	290	60	10	0
Africa	140	115	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0
Kenya	30	30	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	35	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	40	0	0
Asia	1,155	225	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 54}	130	55	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 55}	25	15	0	0
India	430	35	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 56}	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 57}	80	35	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	10	0	0
Philippines	200	50	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 58}	50	10	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	95	15	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Footnote 59}	185	160	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 60}	520	170	10	0
Americas	50	40	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
United States^{Footnote 61}	40	40	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 62}	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	105	45	10	0
France	10	0	10	0
Germany	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Footnote 63}	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 64}	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 65}	40	40	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	0	0
Africa	35	25	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	20	0	0
Asia	300	50	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 66}	35	15	0	0
Hong Kong^{Footnote 67}	0	0	0	0
India	50	10	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 68}	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 69}	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	0	0	0
Philippines	80	15	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 70}	50	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 71}	25	15	0	0
Australia	10	15	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 72}	15	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 73}	43,165	39,275	475	105
First generation^{Footnote 74}	6,350	3,855	60	0
Second generation^{Footnote 75}	8,705	8,070	55	10
Third generation or more^{Footnote 76}	28,110	27,350	365	90
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 77}	2,300	1,255	25	0
Economic immigrants^{Footnote 78}	1,085	625	10	0
Principal applicants^{Footnote 79}	455	265	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Footnote 80}	630	365	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Footnote 81}	1,045	590	20	0
Refugees^{Footnote 82}	150	30	0	0
Other immigrants^{Footnote 83}	20	15	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 84}	43,170	39,275	475	100
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 85}	2,575	1,185	15	0
South Asian^{Footnote 86}	995	360	0	0
Chinese	425	235	0	0
Black	160	140	10	0
Filipino	290	115	0	0
Latin American	95	20	0	0
Arab	70	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 87}	175	60	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 88}	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	0	0
Japanese	165	120	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 89}	65	55	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 90}	50	35	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 91}	40,585	38,090	455	105
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 92}	43,170	39,275	470	105
North American Aboriginal origins	6,160	5,800	70	30
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,160	4,875	35	15
Inuit	35	30	0	0
Métis	1,215	1,140	40	25
Other North American origins	11,800	11,510	175	35
Acadian	35	30	0	0
American	835	805	20	0
Canadian	11,185	10,920	165	40
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	35	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	15	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 93}	0	0	0	0
European origins	32,890	30,640	395	85
British Isles origins	25,320	25,055	115	55
Channel Islander	15	15	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0
English	16,985	16,815	75	40
Irish	7,960	7,875	60	15
Manx	35	35	0	0
Scottish	11,255	11,185	10	25
Welsh	1,755	1,750	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 94}	1,390	1,375	0	0
French origins	4,185	3,785	330	50
Alsatian	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0
French	4,185	3,785	330	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,885	7,825	35	25
Austrian	430	380	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0
Belgian	280	250	0	10
Dutch	2,895	2,455	15	0
Flemish	45	40	0	0
Frisian	25	15	0	0
German	5,845	5,265	15	15
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0
Swiss	265	245	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 95}	15	15	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	4,540	4,355	0	10
Danish	885	805	0	0
Finnish	480	415	0	0
Icelandic	370	365	0	0
Norwegian	1,620	1,600	0	10
Swedish	1,525	1,490	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 96}	155	155	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,565	4,175	15	10
Bulgarian	25	10	0	0
Byelorussian	35	35	0	0
Czech	185	145	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 97}	125	120	0	0
Estonian	25	20	0	0
Hungarian	395	325	0	0
Latvian	65	40	0	0
Lithuanian	50	50	0	0
Moldovan	25	20	0	0
Polish	1,265	1,155	10	10
Romanian	235	200	0	0
Russian	815	775	0	0
Slovak	65	55	0	0
Ukrainian	2,005	1,940	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 98}	45	35	10	0
Southern European origins	2,255	1,885	25	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0
Croatian	175	115	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	90	0	0
Italian	1,365	1,210	20	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	270	210	0	0
Serbian	30	15	0	0
Sicilian	25	25	0	0
Slovenian	35	20	0	0
Spanish	335	230	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 99}	45	45	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 100}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	260	235	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0
Jewish	120	110	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	25	20	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Footnote 101}	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 102}	115	100	0	0
Caribbean origins	120	115	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	10	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	60	65	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 103}	10	15	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 104}	15	15	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	275	175	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	50	35	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0
Belizean	15	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	15	0	0
Chilean	55	15	0	0
Colombian	10	10	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0
Mexican	125	95	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 105}	10	10	0	0
African origins	280	230	30	10
Central and West African origins	25	25	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 106}	0	0	0	0
North African origins	50	30	10	0
Algerian	0	0	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	10	0	0
Moroccan	30	15	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 107}	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	115	90	15	0
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Footnote 108}	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	20	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
South African	70	55	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	20	20	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 109}	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	95	75	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 110}	20	15	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 111}	75	65	10	0
Asian origins	2,505	1,225	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	175	100	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Footnote 112}	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	55	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0
Syrian	60	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 113}	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	1,045	420	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	10	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0
East Indian	980	400	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	20	0	0
Punjabi	45	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 114}	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,260	695	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0
Chinese	530	320	0	0
Filipino	300	130	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	35	20	0	0
Japanese	190	145	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	40	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	30	20	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Thai	50	20	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	110	30	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 115}	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	25	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 116}	35	25	0	0
Oceania origins	360	330	15	0
Australian	160	150	15	0
New Zealander	95	95	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	100	90	0	0
Fijian	25	10	0	0
Hawaiian	60	60	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0
Samoan	0	10	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Footnote 117}	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 118}	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 119}	36,435	32,830	445	85
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,020	6,270	65	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Footnote 120}	10,765	9,970	90	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,655	16,590	290	55
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,300	3,865	65	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 121}	1,815	1,650	30	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Footnote 122}	2,485	2,220	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,305	6,565	120	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,405	1,250	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,640	4,910	90	25
Bachelor's degree	3,530	3,150	55	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	530	430	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	225	200	10	0
Master's degree	1,165	970	25	0
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 123}	195	165	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 124}	36,430	32,830	445	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 125}	17,780	16,240	160	30
Education	1,490	1,345	35	15
13. Education	1,490	1,350	35	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	550	495	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	80	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	465	420	10	0
Humanities	750	640	15	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	80	60	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	205	195	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	205	160	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Footnote 126}	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	30	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	120	0	0
54. History	80	65	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,780	1,600	35	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	20	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	145	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	415	390	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	290	255	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Footnote 127}	15	10	0	0
42. Psychology	320	305	10	0
45. Social sciences	550	470	15	0
Business, management and public administration	3,030	2,670	55	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	300	285	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,725	2,385	55	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	600	550	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	260	240	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	70	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Footnote 128}	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	180	165	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	65	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	395	335	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	255	10	0
25. Library science	20	15	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	65	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Footnote 129}	10	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,275	3,790	40	15
04. Architecture and related services	60	50	0	0
14. Engineering	445	370	0	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	665	580	10	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,205	1,085	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,165	1,065	15	0
48. Precision production	730	645	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	670	565	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	365	300	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	310	265	0	0
Health and related fields	3,735	3,340	55	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	130	120	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,545	3,155	50	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	60	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,370	1,255	20	0
12. Personal and culinary services	855	785	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	10	0
43. Security and protective services	120	100	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	370	340	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 130}	36,430	32,830	445	80
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,780	16,240	155	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 131}	18,655	16,585	285	50
Location of study inside Canada	16,365	15,095	260	50
Same as province or territory of residence	12,375	11,520	100	45
Different than province or territory of residence	3,990	3,575	160	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Footnote 132}	2,285	1,495	30	10
United States^{Footnote 133}	565	515	0	10
Philippines	95	25	0	0
India	120	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 134}	780	760	10	0
China^{Footnote 135}	25	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0
Other	675	190	10	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Footnote 136}	36,430	32,830	445	80
In the labour force	20,780	19,005	245	55
Employed	19,240	17,555	235	50
Unemployed	1,540	1,445	10	0
Not in the labour force	15,650	13,820	200	25
Participation rate	57.0	57.9	55.1	68.8
Employment rate	52.8	53.5	52.8	62.5
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.6	4.1	0.0
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Footnote 137}	36,430	32,830	445	85
Did not work^{Footnote 138}	14,655	12,890	180	30
Worked	21,775	19,940	265	50
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 139}	9,335	8,645	115	15
Worked part year and/or part time^{Footnote 140}	12,435	11,295	150	35
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	41.7	39.5	39.3
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 141}	22,590	20,665	275	50
a.Management	2,285	2,095	25	0
00 Senior management occupations	170	155	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	530	510	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	920	810	20	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	665	620	0	0
b.Professional	2,995	2,710	70	15
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	440	385	20	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	430	400	10	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	440	390	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	330	295	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	595	525	25	10
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	480	465	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	270	250	0	0
c.Technical and paraprofessional	2,305	2,135	20	10
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	685	640	10	0
32 Technical occupations in health	410	370	10	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	640	605	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	135	125	10	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	435	395	0	0
d.Administration and administrative support	2,475	2,305	30	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,080	1,015	10	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	275	255	0	0
14 Office support occupations	785	715	10	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	340	320	0	0
e.Sales	2,190	2,045	15	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	370	350	10	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	925	875	0	0
66 Sales support occupations	895	820	10	10
f.Personal and customer information services	4,665	4,155	65	10
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	555	480	15	10
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	640	545	10	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	885	760	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,030	960	10	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,555	1,410	25	10
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	2,230	2,050	30	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,535	1,400	20	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	700	655	15	0
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	1,565	1,480	10	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	320	290	0	10
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	855	820	10	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	390	370	10	0
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	990	925	10	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	285	260	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	340	305	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	370	355	10	0
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	875	770	10	10
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	220	195	0	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	325	265	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	80	70	10	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	255	240	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 142}	22,585	20,665	275	50
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,155	1,050	10	10
111 - 112 Farms^{Footnote 143}	605	550	10	0
113 Forestry and logging	355	325	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	75	70	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	125	100	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	200	195	10	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	65	55	10	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	35	35	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	95	95	0	0
22 Utilities	95	80	0	10
221 Utilities	100	80	0	10
23 Construction	1,965	1,840	15	10
236 Construction of buildings	650	615	0	0
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	195	190	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	1,110	1,030	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,845	1,655	20	0
311 Food manufacturing	200	175	0	0
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	55	45	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	15	15	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	365	310	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	525	495	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	10	10	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	20	25	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	20	20	0	0
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	40	40	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	90	85	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	20	20	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	100	80	10	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	115	100	10	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	35	35	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	0	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	75	70	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	90	80	0	0
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	60	55	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	455	440	10	0
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	10	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	10	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	70	70	0	0
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	50	50	0	0
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	35	35	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	110	110	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	100	90	0	0
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	75	70	0	0
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,030	2,790	40	10
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	405	365	15	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	70	65	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	130	120	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	210	195	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	930	875	0	0
446 Health and personal care stores	245	230	10	0
447 Gasoline stations	110	90	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	195	180	0	0
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	105	100	0	0
452 General merchandise stores	340	325	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	185	175	10	0
454 Non-store retailers	90	75	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	785	725	10	0
481 Air transportation	55	50	0	0
482 Rail transportation	0	10	0	0
483 Water transportation	115	105	0	0
484 Truck transportation	235	215	0	0
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	95	75	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	165	155	0	0
491 Postal service	65	60	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	35	35	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	20	15	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	280	255	0	0
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	90	85	0	0
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	20	15	0	0
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	15	10	0	0
517 Telecommunications	110	95	10	0
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	40	35	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	580	555	10	0
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	340	325	15	0
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	40	45	0	0
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	200	190	0	0
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	380	365	0	0
531 Real estate	315	305	0	0
532 Rental and leasing services	65	65	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,125	1,040	15	0
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,125	1,040	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	30	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	30	30	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,170	1,070	25	0
561 Administrative and support services	1,100	1,005	15	0
562 Waste management and remediation services	70	65	10	0
61 Educational services	1,525	1,395	25	15
611 Educational services	1,530	1,390	25	15
62 Health care and social assistance	3,160	2,805	45	0
621 Ambulatory health care services	1,385	1,235	20	10
622 Hospitals	630	555	0	0
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	550	485	10	0
624 Social assistance	585	520	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	625	595	0	0
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	230	210	0	0
712 Heritage institutions	65	65	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	325	320	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,860	1,645	10	0
721 Accommodation services	285	250	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	1,575	1,390	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,100	1,005	10	10
811 Repair and maintenance	310	290	0	0
812 Personal and laundry services	445	420	0	0
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	225	200	10	0
814 Private households	120	100	0	0
91 Public administration	1,235	1,135	20	0
911 Federal government public administration	370	340	15	0
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	335	305	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	365	335	0	0
914 Aboriginal public administration	150	135	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Footnote 144}	19,235	17,560	235	50
Worked at home	1,920	1,715	40	0
Worked outside Canada	50	45	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,955	2,750	20	10
Worked at usual place	14,315	13,045	175	40
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Footnote 145}	22,585	20,665	275	55
English	22,425	20,630	245	40
French	25	10	15	0
Non-official language	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	45	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	0	10
English and non-official language	55	20	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^{Footnote 146}	22,590	20,660	275	50
None	22,130	20,415	230	50
English	50	10	15	0
French	135	95	30	0
Non-official language	250	130	0	0
Aboriginal	95	60	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	155	65	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	15	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,320	13,045	175	40
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,295	4,795	70	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,755	6,180	60	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,095	1,930	40	0
Commute to a different province or territory	170	145	10	0
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 147}	17,265	15,795	195	45
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,165	12,990	150	40
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,080	985	10	0
Public transit	305	285	0	0
Walked	1,070	980	0	0
Bicycle	270	225	20	0
Other method	375	325	10	10
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 148}	17,265	15,790	195	50
Less than 15 minutes	7,390	6,695	90	25
15 to 29 minutes	5,755	5,260	50	10
30 to 44 minutes	1,600	1,485	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	940	885	0	10
60 minutes and over	1,590	1,470	35	0
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Footnote 149}	17,265	15,795	200	45
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,340	1,200	15	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,015	2,800	20	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,305	3,910	85	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,910	3,570	30	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,955	1,805	20	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,745	2,505	25	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 150}	42,805	38,925	475	105
Non-movers	37,240	33,935	385	105
Movers	5,570	4,985	90	0
Non-migrants	2,625	2,400	30	0
Migrants	2,940	2,585	60	0
Internal migrants	2,725	2,505	60	0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,125	1,965	20	0
Interprovincial migrants	605	540	40	0
External migrants	215	75	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Footnote 151}	41,095	37,290	460	105
Non-movers	25,235	22,890	275	70
Movers	15,855	14,395	190	30
Non-migrants	7,775	7,295	75	10
Migrants	8,080	7,105	115	25
Internal migrants	7,375	6,815	110	25
Intraprovincial migrants	5,575	5,155	65	30
Interprovincial migrants	1,795	1,660	45	0
External migrants	705	290	10	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

'Immigrant status' refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

'Period of immigration' refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

Non-permanent residents and immigrants who landed between 2015 and 2016 are included in the 'Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration.' The categories for 'Non-permanent residents' and period of immigration '2015 to 2016' are not presented elsewhere in this table with income as they may not have a complete year of applicable income. The income data for the 2016 Census of Population are for the year 2015.

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit, or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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The 'Total - Mother tongue' category includes all groups mentioned in note 1 as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 3

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 4

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 5

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 6

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 7

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 8

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 9

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Footnote 10

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 11

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Footnote 12

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Footnote 13

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 14

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 15

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 16

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 19

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 20

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 21

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Footnote 22

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 22 referrer

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

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Footnote 23

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 24

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 25

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 26

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 28

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 29

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 30

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 31

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 32

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 33

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 34

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 36

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 37

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 38

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 39

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 40

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 41

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 42

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 43

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 44

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 45

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 47

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 48

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 50

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 51

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 52

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 53

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 54

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 55

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 56

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 57

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 58

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 59

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 60

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 61

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 62

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 63

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 64

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 65

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Footnote 66

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 67

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 68

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 69

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 70

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 71

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 72

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 73

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 74

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 75

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 76

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 77

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 78

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 79

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 80

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 81

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 82

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 83

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 84

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 85

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 86

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 87

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 88

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 89

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 90

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 91

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 92

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 96

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 97

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 98

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 99

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 100

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 101

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 103

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 114

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 117

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 119

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 120

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 121

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 122

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 123

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 124

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 125

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 127

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 128

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 129

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 130

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 131

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 132

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 133

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 134

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Footnote 135

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 136

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 137

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 138

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 139

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 140

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 141

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 142

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

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Footnote 143

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

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Footnote 144

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 145

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 146

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 147

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 148

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 149

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 150

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 151

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016353.

Date modified:: 2019-06-17

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