Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Brant, City (CY)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	39,474	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	35,640^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	10.8	...	...	10.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	14,778	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	14,330	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	48.3	...	...	48.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	817.66	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	39,475	19,625	19,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,705	3,375	3,325	17.0	17.2	16.8
0 to 4 years	1,940	1,010	925	4.9	5.1	4.7
5 to 9 years	2,380	1,155	1,220	6.0	5.9	6.1
10 to 14 years	2,390	1,210	1,180	6.1	6.2	5.9
15 to 64 years	24,720	12,395	12,330	62.6	63.2	62.1
15 to 19 years	2,330	1,225	1,110	5.9	6.2	5.6
20 to 24 years	2,110	1,110	1,000	5.3	5.7	5.0
25 to 29 years	1,940	980	960	4.9	5.0	4.8
30 to 34 years	2,205	1,080	1,125	5.6	5.5	5.7
35 to 39 years	2,490	1,230	1,265	6.3	6.3	6.4
40 to 44 years	2,375	1,195	1,175	6.0	6.1	5.9
45 to 49 years	2,495	1,265	1,230	6.3	6.4	6.2
50 to 54 years	2,680	1,355	1,325	6.8	6.9	6.7
55 to 59 years	3,195	1,530	1,665	8.1	7.8	8.4
60 to 64 years	2,910	1,430	1,480	7.4	7.3	7.5
65 years and over	8,045	3,855	4,190	20.4	19.6	21.1
65 to 69 years	2,560	1,275	1,285	6.5	6.5	6.5
70 to 74 years	2,170	1,100	1,075	5.5	5.6	5.4
75 to 79 years	1,455	700	755	3.7	3.6	3.8
80 to 84 years	915	450	475	2.3	2.3	2.4
85 years and over	945	340	600	2.4	1.7	3.0
85 to 89 years	565	240	325	1.4	1.2	1.6
90 to 94 years	310	85	220	0.8	0.4	1.1
95 to 99 years	65	15	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	17.2	16.8	17.0	17.2	16.8
15 to 64 years	62.6	63.2	62.1	62.6	63.2	62.1
65 years and over	20.4	19.6	21.1	20.4	19.6	21.1
85 years and over	2.4	1.7	3.0	2.4	1.7	3.0
Average age of the population	42.8	42.1	43.4	42.8	42.1	43.4
Median age of the population	44.0	43.2	44.8	44.0	43.2	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	11,595	...	...	80.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	960	...	...	6.7	...	...
Row house	775	...	...	5.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	190	...	...	1.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	650	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	55	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,720	...	...	19.0	...	...
2 persons	5,360	...	...	37.4	...	...
3 persons	2,270	...	...	15.8	...	...
4 persons	2,400	...	...	16.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,585	...	...	11.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	38,740	19,320	19,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	32,765	16,245	16,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	21,260	10,635	10,625	64.9	65.5	64.3
Married	18,275	9,145	9,130	55.8	56.3	55.3
Living common-law	2,985	1,490	1,490	9.1	9.2	9.0
Living common law - Never married	1,825	915	915	5.6	5.6	5.5
Living common law - Separated	210	105	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	815	415	400	2.5	2.6	2.4
Living common law - Widowed	130	55	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	11,510	5,610	5,900	35.1	34.5	35.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,455	4,175	3,285	22.8	25.7	19.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	795	370	425	2.4	2.3	2.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,435	635	800	4.4	3.9	4.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,820	430	1,385	5.6	2.6	8.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	11,780	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	5,960	...	...	50.6	...	...
3 persons	2,330	...	...	19.8	...	...
4 persons	2,335	...	...	19.8	...	...
5 or more persons	1,155	...	...	9.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	11,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	10,415	...	...	88.5	...	...
Married couples	8,925	...	...	75.8	...	...
With children⁶	4,640	...	...	39.4	...	...
Without children	4,290	...	...	36.4	...	...
Common-law couples	1,490	...	...	12.7	...	...
With children⁶	635	...	...	5.4	...	...
Without children	855	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,360	...	...	11.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,015	...	...	8.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	345	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	38,740	19,315	19,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	34,545	17,305	17,245	89.2	89.6	88.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	20,835	10,410	10,425	53.8	53.9	53.7
Parents in one-parent families	1,365	345	1,015	3.5	1.8	5.2
Children⁶	12,350	6,550	5,805	31.9	33.9	29.9
In a two-parent family	10,265	5,455	4,815	26.5	28.2	24.8
In a one-parent family	2,090	1,100	990	5.4	5.7	5.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,195	2,010	2,180	10.8	10.4	11.2
Living alone	2,725	1,265	1,455	7.0	6.5	7.5
Living with other relatives⁷	740	310	430	1.9	1.6	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	730	435	300	1.9	2.3	1.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	10,235	...	...	71.4	...	...
Couple-family households	9,255	...	...	64.6	...	...
With children⁶	4,685	...	...	32.7	...	...
Without children	4,565	...	...	31.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	985	...	...	6.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	565	...	...	3.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	110	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	420	...	...	2.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	280	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	2,720	...	...	19.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	32,050	15,950	16,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,170	15,515	15,660	97.3	97.3	97.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	53,200	38,800	45,600	53,200	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,205	15,535	15,665	97.4	97.4	97.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,800	35,600	40,400	46,800	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,865	14,635	14,230	90.1	91.8	88.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	49,200	30,800	39,200	49,200	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,450	12,345	11,105	73.2	77.4	69.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	51,600	33,600	42,000	51,600	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,490	13,425	14,060	85.8	84.2	87.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	5,960	10,200	8,400	5,960	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,570	1,085	1,485	8.0	6.8	9.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,600	5,480	5,480	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,490	3,455	4,035	23.4	21.7	25.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	32,035	15,945	16,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,055	15,485	15,565	96.9	97.1	96.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,900	67,200	48,640	57,900	67,200	48,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,070	15,495	15,575	97.0	97.2	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,680	53,950	41,440	47,680	53,950	41,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,740	14,550	14,190	89.7	91.3	88.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,850	63,150	42,320	52,850	63,150	42,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,425	12,395	11,030	73.1	77.7	68.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	60,100	42,040	51,600	60,100	42,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,360	13,440	13,925	85.4	84.3	86.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	9,100	11,260	10,200	9,100	11,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,470	1,090	1,385	7.7	6.8	8.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,300	5,580	6,860	6,300	5,580	6,860
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,240	3,375	3,865	22.6	21.2	24.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,370	8,240	8,490	8,370	8,240	8,490
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	32,035	15,945	16,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	11,965	7,025	4,940	37.3	44.1	30.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	73,000	60,400	68,000	73,000	60,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,300	83,600	65,800	76,300	83,600	65,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,510	3,820	4,690	26.6	24.0	29.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	20,800	17,400	19,000	20,800	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,520	32,800	25,060	28,520	32,800	25,060
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.4	88.2	79.2	84.4	88.2	79.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.2	71.6	61.2	67.2	71.6	61.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.5	11.7	20.7	15.5	11.7	20.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.6	1.3	0.9	0.6	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.0	3.0	5.3	4.0	3.0	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	2.7	4.3	3.4	2.7	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	32,050	15,950	16,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	880	435	445	2.7	2.7	2.8
With total income	31,170	15,515	15,655	97.3	97.3	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,375	1,020	1,360	7.6	6.6	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	3,455	1,335	2,115	11.1	8.6	13.5
$20,000 to $29,999	4,230	1,790	2,445	13.6	11.5	15.6
$30,000 to $39,999	3,715	1,600	2,110	11.9	10.3	13.5
$40,000 to $49,999	3,295	1,540	1,755	10.6	9.9	11.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,805	1,340	1,465	9.0	8.6	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	2,420	1,310	1,105	7.8	8.4	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,930	1,140	795	6.2	7.3	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	1,535	930	600	4.9	6.0	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,345	765	580	4.3	4.9	3.7
$100,000 and over	4,075	2,745	1,330	13.1	17.7	8.5
$100,000 to $149,999	2,795	1,800	995	9.0	11.6	6.4
$150,000 and over	1,280	945	335	4.1	6.1	2.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	32,050	15,950	16,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	850	415	435	2.7	2.6	2.7
With after-tax income	31,200	15,535	15,665	97.3	97.4	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,570	1,105	1,465	8.2	7.1	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	3,625	1,405	2,225	11.6	9.0	14.2
$20,000 to $29,999	4,780	2,045	2,730	15.3	13.2	17.4
$30,000 to $39,999	4,420	1,965	2,455	14.2	12.6	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	3,830	1,820	2,015	12.3	11.7	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	3,250	1,760	1,485	10.4	11.3	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,450	1,425	1,020	7.9	9.2	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,955	1,170	785	6.3	7.5	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,495	885	610	4.8	5.7	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	860	545	315	2.8	3.5	2.0
$100,000 and over	1,970	1,405	565	6.3	9.0	3.6
$100,000 to $124,999	1,000	685	315	3.2	4.4	2.0
$125,000 and over	970	720	250	3.1	4.6	1.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	32,050	15,950	16,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	8,600	3,605	4,995	26.8	22.6	31.0
With employment income	23,455	12,340	11,110	73.2	77.4	69.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,270	1,620	1,650	13.9	13.1	14.9
$5,000 to $9,999	1,725	735	995	7.4	6.0	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,615	1,130	1,485	11.1	9.2	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,900	825	1,070	8.1	6.7	9.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,835	855	980	7.8	6.9	8.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,940	870	1,070	8.3	7.1	9.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,800	955	845	7.7	7.7	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,675	995	680	7.1	8.1	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,315	805	510	5.6	6.5	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,200	760	440	5.1	6.2	4.0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,115	635	485	4.8	5.1	4.4
$100,000 and over	3,055	2,160	895	13.0	17.5	8.1
$100,000 to $124,999	1,550	1,010	545	6.6	8.2	4.9
$125,000 and over	1,500	1,150	355	6.4	9.3	3.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	32,050	15,950	16,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	30,650	15,235	15,405	95.6	95.5	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	53,600	37,200	44,400	53,600	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	30,660	15,235	15,425	95.7	95.5	95.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	46,400	34,000	39,600	46,400	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,590	14,465	14,130	89.2	90.7	87.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	51,200	32,400	40,800	51,200	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,595	12,365	11,225	73.6	77.5	69.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	52,800	34,400	42,400	52,800	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,050	12,705	13,345	81.3	79.7	82.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,100	1,000	5,960	3,100	1,000	5,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,085	845	1,235	6.5	5.3	7.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,080	6,080	5,640	5,080	6,080
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	32,035	15,945	16,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,570	15,165	15,405	95.4	95.1	95.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,650	65,700	45,720	55,650	65,700	45,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,605	15,165	15,435	95.5	95.1	95.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,960	53,100	38,960	45,960	53,100	38,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,405	14,385	14,020	88.7	90.2	87.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,900	63,350	42,160	52,900	63,350	42,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,580	12,420	11,155	73.6	77.9	69.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,150	61,350	41,960	52,150	61,350	41,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25,980	12,695	13,290	81.1	79.6	82.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,630	6,720	8,510	7,630	6,720	8,510
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,040	855	1,190	6.4	5.4	7.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,120	5,830	8,060	7,120	5,830	8,060
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	32,035	15,945	16,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	11,940	7,020	4,925	37.3	44.0	30.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500	71,000	56,400	64,500	71,000	56,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,000	80,500	62,300	73,000	80,500	62,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,080	3,600	4,475	25.2	22.6	27.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,400	28,600	22,000	24,400	28,600	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,520	41,160	29,160	34,520	41,160	29,160
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.4	91.4	84.0	88.4	91.4	84.0
Employment income (%)	72.4	76.4	66.4	72.4	76.4	66.4
Government transfers (%)	11.7	8.6	16.0	11.7	8.6	16.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.5	1.4	0.9	0.5	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	14,330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,720	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,200	...	...	45,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	40,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	11,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	14,330	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	125,500	...	...	125,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	103,400	...	...	103,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,720	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,450	...	...	60,450	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,280	...	...	49,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	11,610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	140,800	...	...	140,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,100	...	...	116,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	165	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	290	...	...	2.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	320	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	290	...	...	2.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	380	...	...	2.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	395	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	380	...	...	2.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	825	...	...	5.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	885	...	...	6.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	830	...	...	5.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	830	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	850	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,685	...	...	53.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,845	...	...	12.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,630	...	...	11.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,120	...	...	14.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,090	...	...	14.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	315	...	...	2.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	370	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	345	...	...	2.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	425	...	...	3.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	465	...	...	3.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	450	...	...	3.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,060	...	...	7.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,015	...	...	7.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,065	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,045	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	975	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,395	...	...	44.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,140	...	...	14.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,535	...	...	10.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,720	...	...	19.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	11,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,630	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	5,325	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...	152,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,450	1,705	1,750	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	45,600	40,400	43,200	45,600	40,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	40,800	36,800	38,400	40,800	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	11,450	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,200	...	...	140,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,600	...	...	115,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,625	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	118,800	...	...	118,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,500	...	...	97,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,325	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	167,800	...	...	167,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,600	...	...	137,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,185	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	99,400	...	...	99,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,800	...	...	85,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,390	1,660	1,730	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,100	59,450	54,850	57,100	59,450	54,850
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,600	46,880	46,320	46,600	46,880	46,320
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	38,740	19,320	19,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,100	4,100	4,005	20.9	21.2	20.6
0 to 5 years	2,405	1,245	1,160	6.2	6.4	6.0
18 to 64 years	23,155	11,570	11,585	59.8	59.9	59.6
65 years and over	7,485	3,650	3,835	19.3	18.9	19.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,220	1,035	1,185	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	420	200	220	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	140	70	75	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,170	590	585	...	...	...
65 years and over	630	250	380	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.7	5.4	6.1	5.7	5.4	6.1
0 to 17 years (%)	5.2	4.8	5.6	5.2	4.8	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	5.4	6.4	5.9	5.4	6.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	5.1	5.0	5.1	5.1	5.0
65 years and over (%)	8.4	6.8	9.9	8.4	6.8	9.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	38,740	19,315	19,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,100	4,095	4,005	20.9	21.2	20.6
0 to 5 years	2,405	1,250	1,155	6.2	6.5	5.9
18 to 64 years	23,155	11,570	11,585	59.8	59.9	59.6
65 years and over	7,485	3,650	3,835	19.3	18.9	19.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	650	335	315	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	110	50	55	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	20	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	460	240	220	...	...	...
65 years and over	85	45	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.7	1.7	1.6
0 to 17 years (%)	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.4
0 to 5 years (%)	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.0	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.1	1.9
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	38,740	19,320	19,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	14,605	7,125	7,480	37.7	36.9	38.5
In bottom decile	1,845	895	950	4.8	4.6	4.9
In second decile	2,630	1,250	1,380	6.8	6.5	7.1
In third decile	3,050	1,495	1,550	7.9	7.7	8.0
In fourth decile	3,435	1,720	1,715	8.9	8.9	8.8
In fifth decile	3,645	1,765	1,885	9.4	9.1	9.7
In top half of the distribution	24,135	12,190	11,945	62.3	63.1	61.5
In sixth decile	4,075	2,065	2,010	10.5	10.7	10.3
In seventh decile	4,530	2,270	2,260	11.7	11.7	11.6
In eighth decile	4,930	2,445	2,490	12.7	12.7	12.8
In ninth decile	5,565	2,830	2,735	14.4	14.6	14.1
In top decile	5,035	2,585	2,450	13.0	13.4	12.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	38,740	...	...	38,740	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.310	...	...	0.310	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.400	...	...	0.400	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	38,990	19,455	19,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	37,340	18,785	18,555	95.8	96.6	95.0
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,515	615	905	3.9	3.2	4.6
Neither English nor French	130	55	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	38,990	19,455	19,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	38,575	19,260	19,315	98.9	99.0	98.9
French	245	115	125	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	125	55	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	38,990	19,455	19,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	38,440	19,180	19,260	98.6	98.6	98.6
Official languages	35,355	17,640	17,715	90.7	90.7	90.7
English	35,090	17,515	17,575	90.0	90.0	90.0
French	260	125	135	0.7	0.6	0.7
Non-official languages	3,085	1,540	1,545	7.9	7.9	7.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,085	1,540	1,545	7.9	7.9	7.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	110	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	95	50	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,525	1,275	1,255	6.5	6.6	6.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	565	275	285	1.4	1.4	1.5
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	555	275	280	1.4	1.4	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	310	150	155	0.8	0.8	0.8
Russian	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	90	50	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bosnian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	700	345	355	1.8	1.8	1.8
Frisian	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
High German languages	220	95	120	0.6	0.5	0.6
German	205	85	115	0.5	0.4	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	460	240	220	1.2	1.2	1.1
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	415	220	200	1.1	1.1	1.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Scandinavian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	590	285	300	1.5	1.5	1.5
Indo-Aryan languages	565	270	295	1.4	1.4	1.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	325	160	165	0.8	0.8	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Urdu	120	55	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	20	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	650	345	300	1.7	1.8	1.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	180	105	70	0.5	0.5	0.4
Portuguese	280	145	135	0.7	0.7	0.7
Romanian	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	140	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	80	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	120	55	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	105	55	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	555	275	280	1.4	1.4	1.4
English and French	110	35	70	0.3	0.2	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	410	220	190	1.1	1.1	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	38,990	19,455	19,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	36,090	18,025	18,060	92.6	92.6	92.4
French	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	530	270	265	1.4	1.4	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	530	270	260	1.4	1.4	1.3
English and French	225	95	130	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	2,030	1,010	1,020	5.2	5.2	5.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	38,990	19,455	19,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	38,605	19,260	19,345	99.0	99.0	99.0
Official languages	37,500	18,715	18,785	96.2	96.2	96.2
English	37,455	18,690	18,765	96.1	96.1	96.1
French	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	1,105	545	560	2.8	2.8	2.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,100	545	560	2.8	2.8	2.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	835	405	425	2.1	2.1	2.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	85	85	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	170	85	85	0.4	0.4	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	100	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Russian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	85	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	415	205	215	1.1	1.1	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	415	200	210	1.1	1.0	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	240	120	120	0.6	0.6	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Urdu	85	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	65	85	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	75	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	385	195	190	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	350	180	170	0.9	0.9	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	38,995	19,455	19,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	36,980	18,480	18,505	94.8	95.0	94.7
English	510	245	265	1.3	1.3	1.4
French	190	80	110	0.5	0.4	0.6
Non-official language	1,125	555	565	2.9	2.9	2.9
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,115	555	560	2.9	2.9	2.9
English and French	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	38,700	19,315	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	38,540	19,235	19,300	99.6	99.6	99.6
English	38,535	19,235	19,300	99.6	99.6	99.6
French	1,480	565	920	3.8	2.9	4.7
Non-official languages	4,450	2,295	2,155	11.5	11.9	11.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,430	2,285	2,150	11.4	11.8	11.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	115	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	105	45	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	95	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,605	1,895	1,700	9.3	9.8	8.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	695	375	320	1.8	1.9	1.7
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages	685	375	310	1.8	1.9	1.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	345	185	165	0.9	1.0	0.9
Russian	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	115	75	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	70	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Serbian	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovak	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	105	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Irish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	955	440	515	2.5	2.3	2.7
Frisian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
High German languages	340	135	205	0.9	0.7	1.1
German	340	135	205	0.9	0.7	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	630	310	320	1.6	1.6	1.7
Afrikaans	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	530	270	260	1.4	1.4	1.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	875	495	380	2.3	2.6	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	835	475	360	2.2	2.5	1.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gujarati	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindi	260	135	120	0.7	0.7	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	525	310	215	1.4	1.6	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Urdu	225	135	85	0.6	0.7	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,070	580	490	2.8	3.0	2.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	250	165	85	0.6	0.9	0.4
Portuguese	340	170	170	0.9	0.9	0.9
Romanian	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Spanish	440	220	220	1.1	1.1	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	130	60	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	100	35	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
American Sign Language	65	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	55	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	130	55	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	110	45	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	205	110	90	0.5	0.6	0.5
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	185	105	80	0.5	0.5	0.4
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	38,700	19,315	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	920	440	480	2.4	2.3	2.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	880	425	455	2.3	2.2	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	655	295	360	1.7	1.5	1.9
Métis	225	125	95	0.6	0.6	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	37,775	18,870	18,910	97.6	97.7	97.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	38,700	19,315	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	490	235	265	1.3	1.2	1.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	38,210	19,080	19,125	98.7	98.8	98.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	12,570	...	...	87.7	...	...
Renter	1,760	...	...	12.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	750	...	...	5.2	...	...
Not condominium	13,585	...	...	94.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	660	...	...	4.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,035	...	...	14.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,405	...	...	44.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,205	...	...	36.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,225	...	...	8.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,595	...	...	11.1	...	...
6 rooms	2,130	...	...	14.9	...	...
7 rooms	2,395	...	...	16.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,980	...	...	48.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	14,245	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	13,910	...	...	97.1	...	...
Not suitable	420	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,400	...	...	30.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,770	...	...	19.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,395	...	...	9.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,675	...	...	11.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,150	...	...	8.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	810	...	...	5.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	735	...	...	5.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,390	...	...	9.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	13,545	...	...	94.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	780	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,845	...	...	40.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	7,895	...	...	55.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	590	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	90	...	...	0.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,440	...	...	10.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,350	...	...	16.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,645	...	...	18.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,255	...	...	22.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,720	...	...	19.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,395	...	...	9.7	...	...
85 years and over	425	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	13,820	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	11,795	...	...	85.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,025	...	...	14.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,815	...	...	13.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	14,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,980	...	...	20.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,830	...	...	12.8	...	...
Not suitable only	340	...	...	2.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	575	...	...	4.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	160	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	11,350	...	...	79.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	13,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	645	...	...	4.7	...	...
Not in core need	12,965	...	...	95.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,120	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.1	...	...	59.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.9	...	...	11.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360	...	...	1,360	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,580	...	...	1,580	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	700,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	787,000	...	...	787,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,730	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.8	...	...	9.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.9	...	...	33.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.3	...	...	16.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,271	...	...	1,271	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	38,700	19,310	19,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	295	130	160	0.8	0.7	0.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	295	130	160	0.8	0.7	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	265	115	150	0.7	0.6	0.8
Métis single ancestry	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	935	455	480	2.4	2.4	2.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	920	450	470	2.4	2.3	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	740	350	395	1.9	1.8	2.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	175	95	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	37,470	18,725	18,745	96.8	97.0	96.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	38,695	19,310	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	37,890	18,900	18,990	97.9	97.9	98.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,005	4,080	3,925	20.7	21.1	20.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	29,890	14,820	15,065	77.2	76.7	77.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	810	410	395	2.1	2.1	2.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	38,695	19,310	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	34,415	17,140	17,275	88.9	88.8	89.1
Immigrants⁸¹	4,140	2,070	2,070	10.7	10.7	10.7
Before 1980	1,755	930	825	4.5	4.8	4.3
1980 to 1990	585	300	290	1.5	1.6	1.5
1991 to 2000	610	270	335	1.6	1.4	1.7
2001 to 2010	700	320	375	1.8	1.7	1.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	495	250	245	1.3	1.3	1.3
2011 to 2015	235	100	125	0.6	0.5	0.6
2016 to 2021	260	145	115	0.7	0.8	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	145	100	45	0.4	0.5	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,140	2,070	2,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	545	270	270	13.2	13.0	13.0
5 to 14 years	1,020	560	460	24.6	27.1	22.2
15 to 24 years	815	430	385	19.7	20.8	18.6
25 to 44 years	1,500	690	810	36.2	33.3	39.1
45 years and over	260	120	140	6.3	5.8	6.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,140	2,070	2,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	570	255	315	13.8	12.3	15.2
Brazil	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Colombia	40	15	25	1.0	0.7	1.2
El Salvador	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Guyana	45	25	25	1.1	1.2	1.2
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	70	30	40	1.7	1.4	1.9
Mexico	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
Peru	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
United States of America	245	100	145	5.9	4.8	7.0
Other places of birth in Americas	95	50	45	2.3	2.4	2.2
Europe	2,420	1,270	1,145	58.5	61.4	55.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.7
Croatia	35	30	10	0.8	1.4	0.5
France	20	20	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Germany	165	75	85	4.0	3.6	4.1
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	70	45	25	1.7	2.2	1.2
Italy	125	80	45	3.0	3.9	2.2
Netherlands	420	225	195	10.1	10.9	9.4
Poland	180	95	85	4.3	4.6	4.1
Portugal	180	90	90	4.3	4.3	4.3
Romania	35	20	15	0.8	1.0	0.7
Russian Federation	35	15	20	0.8	0.7	1.0
Serbia⁸⁶	40	25	15	1.0	1.2	0.7
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	845	425	420	20.4	20.5	20.3
Other places of birth in Europe	225	115	105	5.4	5.6	5.1
Africa	180	70	110	4.3	3.4	5.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	10	0.2	0.5	0.5
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	40	10	25	1.0	0.5	1.2
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Other places of birth in Africa	100	40	60	2.4	1.9	2.9
Asia	950	470	485	22.9	22.7	23.4
Afghanistan	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.5
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	85	30	50	2.1	1.4	2.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	15	0.7	0.7	0.7
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	90	30	55	2.2	1.4	2.7
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Bangladesh	35	20	20	0.8	1.0	1.0
India	375	195	185	9.1	9.4	8.9
Pakistan	165	95	65	4.0	4.6	3.1
Sri Lanka	35	20	20	0.8	1.0	1.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	20	35	1.2	1.0	1.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.7
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	265	145	115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	40	25	15	15.1	17.2	13.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	10	0	5.7	6.9	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	3.8	6.9	0.0
Europe	45	25	25	17.0	17.2	21.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	3.8	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	15	7.5	6.9	13.0
Africa	10	0	10	3.8	0.0	8.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	165	95	65	62.3	65.5	56.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	80	50	35	30.2	34.5	30.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	60	40	20	22.6	27.6	17.4
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	38,700	19,315	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,500	2,290	2,215	11.6	11.9	11.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	7,225	3,660	3,570	18.7	18.9	18.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	26,970	13,365	13,605	69.7	69.2	70.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,385	1,140	1,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,155	590	565	48.4	51.8	45.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	465	335	130	19.5	29.4	10.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	695	260	435	29.1	22.8	34.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	895	365	530	37.5	32.0	42.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	325	175	145	13.6	15.4	11.6
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,385	1,140	1,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	195	95	95	8.2	8.3	7.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	285	165	125	11.9	14.5	10.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	55	35	25	2.3	3.1	2.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	40	30	3.1	3.5	2.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	25	15	15	1.0	1.3	1.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,745	785	960	73.2	68.9	77.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	38,700	19,315	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,590	1,285	1,310	6.7	6.7	6.8
South Asian	995	550	445	2.6	2.8	2.3
Chinese	150	55	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
Black	640	290	355	1.7	1.5	1.8
Filipino	150	65	80	0.4	0.3	0.4
Arab	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin American	200	120	80	0.5	0.6	0.4
Southeast Asian	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Korean	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Japanese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	150	50	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	36,110	18,030	18,075	93.3	93.3	93.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	38,700	19,310	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	6,890	3,510	3,385	17.8	18.2	17.5
English	12,095	5,955	6,140	31.3	30.8	31.7
Irish	7,630	3,620	4,010	19.7	18.7	20.7
Scottish	9,160	4,445	4,710	23.7	23.0	24.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,760	1,365	1,395	7.1	7.1	7.2
German	4,910	2,425	2,490	12.7	12.6	12.8
Chinese	200	60	140	0.5	0.3	0.7
Italian	1,635	820	815	4.2	4.2	4.2
Indian (India)	565	295	275	1.5	1.5	1.4
Ukrainian	1,430	660	775	3.7	3.4	4.0
Dutch	4,030	2,070	1,960	10.4	10.7	10.1
Polish	1,915	980	940	4.9	5.1	4.8
Québécois	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,940	1,015	925	5.0	5.3	4.8
Filipino	120	60	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
French Canadian	315	130	185	0.8	0.7	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	560	295	260	1.4	1.5	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	480	230	245	1.2	1.2	1.3
Métis	220	125	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	685	300	385	1.8	1.6	2.0
Russian	290	150	140	0.7	0.8	0.7
Norwegian	340	155	185	0.9	0.8	1.0
Welsh	895	380	515	2.3	2.0	2.7
Portuguese	855	455	400	2.2	2.4	2.1
American	420	225	195	1.1	1.2	1.0
Spanish	140	70	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Swedish	180	90	90	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hungarian	1,310	685	625	3.4	3.5	3.2
Acadian	120	40	80	0.3	0.2	0.4
Pakistani	215	120	95	0.6	0.6	0.5
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	95	25	70	0.2	0.1	0.4
Jewish	75	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	195	125	70	0.5	0.6	0.4
Vietnamese	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	145	60	90	0.4	0.3	0.5
Jamaican	160	60	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	235	125	110	0.6	0.6	0.6
Lebanese	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	130	60	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	140	50	90	0.4	0.3	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	85	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	115	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austrian	175	70	105	0.5	0.4	0.5
Belgian	530	245	285	1.4	1.3	1.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	60	45	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mennonite	70	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swiss	185	85	95	0.5	0.4	0.5
Finnish	110	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sri Lankan	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	165	100	65	0.4	0.5	0.3
Japanese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	75	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	60	45	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Colombian	95	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	145	70	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Syrian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	90	55	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Afghan	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Serbian	100	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ojibway	85	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Newfoundlander	120	85	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	260	125	130	0.7	0.6	0.7
Persian	45	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkish	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slovak	100	60	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Salvadorean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	15	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lithuanian	85	20	65	0.2	0.1	0.3
South African	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australian	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	55	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	115	50	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Macedonian	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovenian	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	110	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	90	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Barbadian	40	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
African American	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dominican	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sudanese	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	130	45	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	15	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	45	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Flemish	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azorean	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	38,700	19,315	19,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	65	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Christian	22,545	10,625	11,920	58.3	55.0	61.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,400	1,615	1,785	8.8	8.4	9.2
Anabaptist	75	25	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Anglican	2,570	1,150	1,420	6.6	6.0	7.3
Baptist	975	450	525	2.5	2.3	2.7
Catholic	8,180	3,935	4,245	21.1	20.4	21.9
Christian Orthodox	250	125	125	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	120	50	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lutheran	295	130	170	0.8	0.7	0.9
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	120	45	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	630	325	300	1.6	1.7	1.5
Presbyterian	825	410	420	2.1	2.1	2.2
Reformed	840	430	415	2.2	2.2	2.1
United Church	3,225	1,460	1,760	8.3	7.6	9.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,000	460	540	2.6	2.4	2.8
Hindu	175	100	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
Jewish	55	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Muslim	410	225	185	1.1	1.2	1.0
Sikh	405	230	170	1.0	1.2	0.9
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	120	50	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	14,900	8,025	6,875	38.5	41.5	35.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	38,350	19,130	19,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	33,985	16,920	17,060	88.6	88.4	88.8
Movers	4,370	2,205	2,160	11.4	11.5	11.2
Non-migrants	1,285	620	660	3.4	3.2	3.4
Migrants	3,085	1,585	1,495	8.0	8.3	7.8
Internal migrants	3,000	1,535	1,465	7.8	8.0	7.6
Intraprovincial migrants	2,940	1,490	1,455	7.7	7.8	7.6
Interprovincial migrants	60	45	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
External migrants	80	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	36,815	18,260	18,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	24,215	12,015	12,200	65.8	65.8	65.7
Movers	12,605	6,245	6,360	34.2	34.2	34.3
Non-migrants	2,325	1,100	1,225	6.3	6.0	6.6
Migrants	10,280	5,145	5,135	27.9	28.2	27.7
Internal migrants	9,950	4,955	5,000	27.0	27.1	26.9
Intraprovincial migrants	9,675	4,810	4,860	26.3	26.3	26.2
Interprovincial migrants	280	145	140	0.8	0.8	0.8
External migrants	325	190	140	0.9	1.0	0.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	32,035	15,945	16,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,840	3,375	2,465	18.2	21.2	15.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	26,195	12,570	13,625	81.8	78.8	84.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,085	9,915	10,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,090	1,370	725	10.4	13.8	7.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	17,995	8,555	9,440	89.6	86.3	92.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	32,030	15,945	16,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,065	2,830	2,235	15.8	17.7	13.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,550	4,875	4,670	29.8	30.6	29.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,425	8,240	9,180	54.4	51.7	57.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	11,420	5,835	5,590	35.7	36.6	34.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,315	1,870	445	7.2	11.7	2.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	910	580	330	2.8	3.6	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,405	1,295	110	4.4	8.1	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	8,540	3,670	4,865	26.7	23.0	30.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	575	300	275	1.8	1.9	1.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,005	2,405	3,600	18.7	15.1	22.4
Bachelor's degree	4,295	1,660	2,640	13.4	10.4	16.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	380	155	220	1.2	1.0	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	170	100	75	0.5	0.6	0.5
Master's degree	1,005	405	595	3.1	2.5	3.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	150	85	65	0.5	0.5	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,090	9,920	10,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,730	1,105	630	8.6	11.1	6.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,300	2,795	2,505	26.4	28.2	24.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,050	6,020	7,030	65.0	60.7	69.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,420	4,265	4,155	41.9	43.0	40.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,530	1,260	265	7.6	12.7	2.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	515	315	195	2.6	3.2	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,010	945	65	5.0	9.5	0.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,490	2,780	3,715	32.3	28.0	36.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	400	225	175	2.0	2.3	1.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,635	1,760	2,880	23.1	17.7	28.3
Bachelor's degree	3,255	1,230	2,030	16.2	12.4	20.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	320	115	200	1.6	1.2	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	135	70	65	0.7	0.7	0.6
Master's degree	815	285	530	4.1	2.9	5.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	105	55	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	32,035	15,945	16,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,610	7,705	6,905	45.6	48.3	42.9
Education	955	195	760	3.0	1.2	4.7
13. Education	955	195	760	3.0	1.2	4.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	640	285	350	2.0	1.8	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	75	10	0.2	0.5	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	560	210	350	1.7	1.3	2.2
Humanities	835	310	525	2.6	1.9	3.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	60	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	200	45	155	0.6	0.3	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	220	65	155	0.7	0.4	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	50	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	45	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	140	85	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	55	0	55	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,035	555	1,475	6.4	3.5	9.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	260	105	160	0.8	0.7	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	445	30	410	1.4	0.2	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	250	50	200	0.8	0.3	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	75	0	65	0.2	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	290	35	255	0.9	0.2	1.6
45. Social sciences	710	325	390	2.2	2.0	2.4
Business, management and public administration	3,020	1,080	1,940	9.4	6.8	12.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	35	250	0.9	0.2	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,725	1,045	1,685	8.5	6.6	10.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	605	330	280	1.9	2.1	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	265	100	165	0.8	0.6	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	85	60	0.5	0.5	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	140	120	15	0.4	0.8	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	435	285	150	1.4	1.8	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	210	85	0.9	1.3	0.5
25. Library science	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,985	3,750	235	12.4	23.5	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	120	75	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	450	410	40	1.4	2.6	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,040	930	110	3.2	5.8	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	775	765	10	2.4	4.8	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,025	1,015	10	3.2	6.4	0.1
48. Precision production	575	555	25	1.8	3.5	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	770	450	320	2.4	2.8	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	630	385	245	2.0	2.4	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	145	65	80	0.5	0.4	0.5
Health and related fields	2,895	365	2,530	9.0	2.3	15.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	350	125	230	1.1	0.8	1.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,485	205	2,280	7.8	1.3	14.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	35	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,230	640	590	3.8	4.0	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	500	105	400	1.6	0.7	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	460	290	175	1.4	1.8	1.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	240	15	0.8	1.5	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	20,085	9,920	10,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,035	3,900	3,135	35.0	39.3	30.8
Education	680	120	565	3.4	1.2	5.6
13. Education	680	120	565	3.4	1.2	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	485	200	290	2.4	2.0	2.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	55	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	430	145	285	2.1	1.5	2.8
Humanities	605	225	380	3.0	2.3	3.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	150	35	115	0.7	0.4	1.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	35	145	0.9	0.4	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
54. History	115	80	35	0.6	0.8	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,545	390	1,150	7.7	3.9	11.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	100	120	1.1	1.0	1.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	340	20	320	1.7	0.2	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	205	25	175	1.0	0.3	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	210	20	185	1.0	0.2	1.8
45. Social sciences	530	230	300	2.6	2.3	2.9
Business, management and public administration	2,355	800	1,555	11.7	8.1	15.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	255	25	225	1.3	0.3	2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,095	770	1,325	10.4	7.8	13.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	405	200	205	2.0	2.0	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	185	55	130	0.9	0.6	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	60	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	95	80	15	0.5	0.8	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	355	225	130	1.8	2.3	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	265	180	80	1.3	1.8	0.8
25. Library science	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,985	2,775	210	14.9	28.0	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	95	55	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
14. Engineering	355	320	35	1.8	3.2	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	800	695	100	4.0	7.0	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	580	570	10	2.9	5.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	745	745	0	3.7	7.5	0.0
48. Precision production	410	400	15	2.0	4.0	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	535	295	245	2.7	3.0	2.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	415	235	180	2.1	2.4	1.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	60	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Health and related fields	2,145	265	1,880	10.7	2.7	18.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	285	100	190	1.4	1.0	1.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,810	140	1,670	9.0	1.4	16.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	955	525	430	4.8	5.3	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	330	75	250	1.6	0.8	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	400	235	165	2.0	2.4	1.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	215	205	10	1.1	2.1	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	20,085	9,920	10,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,035	3,900	3,135	35.0	39.3	30.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	13,050	6,020	7,030	65.0	60.7	69.1
Location of study inside Canada	11,985	5,515	6,470	59.7	55.6	63.6
Same as province or territory of residence	11,650	5,360	6,290	58.0	54.0	61.8
Different than province or territory of residence	335	155	175	1.7	1.6	1.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,065	505	560	5.3	5.1	5.5
Americas	350	155	195	1.7	1.6	1.9
United States of America	270	110	160	1.3	1.1	1.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Europe	340	175	165	1.7	1.8	1.6
Belgium	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Netherlands	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romania	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	150	85	65	0.7	0.9	0.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	30	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Africa	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Nigeria	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	285	130	150	1.4	1.3	1.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	115	65	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Pakistan	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Other locations of study in Asia	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Oceania	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Australia	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	32,030	15,945	16,090	...	...	...
In the labour force	21,000	11,135	9,865	...	...	...
Employed	19,155	10,205	8,950	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,840	930	915	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	11,040	4,810	6,230	...	...	...
Participation rate	65.6	69.8	61.3	65.6	69.8	61.3
Employment rate	59.8	64.0	55.6	59.8	64.0	55.6
Unemployment rate	8.8	8.4	9.3	8.8	8.4	9.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	32,035	15,945	16,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	10,705	4,670	6,030	33.4	29.3	37.5
Worked	21,330	11,280	10,060	66.6	70.7	62.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	12,275	7,210	5,070	38.3	45.2	31.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	9,055	4,065	4,985	28.3	25.5	31.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.6	41.7	42.7	43.6	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	20,995	11,135	9,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	325	195	130	1.5	1.8	1.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	20,670	10,940	9,730	98.5	98.2	98.7
Employee	16,985	8,745	8,245	80.9	78.5	83.6
Permanent position	14,920	7,735	7,180	71.1	69.5	72.8
Temporary position	2,065	1,005	1,065	9.8	9.0	10.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	515	210	315	2.5	1.9	3.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,550	800	750	7.4	7.2	7.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,680	2,200	1,485	17.5	19.8	15.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	20,995	11,135	9,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	325	195	130	1.5	1.8	1.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	20,670	10,940	9,730	98.5	98.2	98.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	295	230	70	1.4	2.1	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,300	835	2,460	15.7	7.5	24.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,245	945	305	5.9	8.5	3.1
3 Health occupations	1,605	215	1,390	7.6	1.9	14.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,200	665	1,540	10.5	6.0	15.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	525	195	325	2.5	1.8	3.3
6 Sales and service occupations	4,205	1,770	2,435	20.0	15.9	24.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,435	4,050	380	21.1	36.4	3.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,295	890	405	6.2	8.0	4.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,570	1,150	420	7.5	10.3	4.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	20,995	11,135	9,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	325	195	130	1.5	1.8	1.3
All industries¹⁹¹	20,670	10,940	9,730	98.5	98.2	98.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,130	695	435	5.4	6.2	4.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
22 Utilities	165	130	35	0.8	1.2	0.4
23 Construction	2,100	1,815	285	10.0	16.3	2.9
31-33 Manufacturing	3,105	2,110	990	14.8	18.9	10.0
41 Wholesale trade	835	565	265	4.0	5.1	2.7
44-45 Retail trade	1,960	920	1,045	9.3	8.3	10.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,240	860	380	5.9	7.7	3.9
51 Information and cultural industries	235	130	100	1.1	1.2	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	590	235	355	2.8	2.1	3.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	355	185	170	1.7	1.7	1.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,150	585	565	5.5	5.3	5.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	840	490	350	4.0	4.4	3.5
61 Educational services	1,440	380	1,065	6.9	3.4	10.8
62 Health care and social assistance	2,310	265	2,050	11.0	2.4	20.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	290	140	150	1.4	1.3	1.5
72 Accommodation and food services	900	345	550	4.3	3.1	5.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	880	500	380	4.2	4.5	3.9
91 Public administration	1,045	535	510	5.0	4.8	5.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	22,620	11,890	10,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	22,175	11,685	10,490	98.0	98.3	97.7
French	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-official language	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and French	165	50	120	0.7	0.4	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	215	135	85	1.0	1.1	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	22,620	11,890	10,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,540	11,845	10,695	99.6	99.6	99.6
Official languages	22,480	11,815	10,665	99.4	99.4	99.3
English	22,420	11,810	10,615	99.1	99.3	98.9
French	60	10	50	0.3	0.1	0.5
Non-official languages	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	80	40	35	0.4	0.3	0.3
English and French	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	60	40	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	22,620	11,890	10,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	22,300	11,730	10,560	98.6	98.7	98.4
English	65	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
French	120	45	75	0.5	0.4	0.7
Non-official language	120	75	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	110	75	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	19,155	10,205	8,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,280	1,800	2,475	22.3	17.6	27.7
Worked outside Canada	55	50	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,375	1,815	560	12.4	17.8	6.3
Usual place of work	12,450	6,540	5,915	65.0	64.1	66.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	12,450	6,540	5,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,525	1,685	1,840	28.3	25.8	31.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,525	1,675	1,845	28.3	25.6	31.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,380	3,160	2,215	43.2	48.3	37.5
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	14,825	8,355	6,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	14,085	8,035	6,045	95.0	96.2	93.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	13,310	7,710	5,600	89.8	92.3	86.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	775	330	445	5.2	3.9	6.9
Public transit	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Walked	480	200	280	3.2	2.4	4.3
Bicycle	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other method	215	85	125	1.5	1.0	1.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	14,825	8,355	6,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,925	2,005	1,915	26.5	24.0	29.6
15 to 29 minutes	5,745	2,980	2,760	38.8	35.7	42.7
30 to 44 minutes	2,745	1,695	1,050	18.5	20.3	16.2
45 to 59 minutes	1,225	805	420	8.3	9.6	6.5
60 minutes and over	1,185	865	320	8.0	10.4	4.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	14,825	8,355	6,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,535	1,170	365	10.4	14.0	5.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,180	2,175	1,005	21.5	26.0	15.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,780	2,065	1,720	25.5	24.7	26.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,825	1,140	1,680	19.1	13.6	26.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,310	555	755	8.8	6.6	11.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,185	1,245	945	14.7	14.9	14.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,245	4,175	4,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	435	205	225	5.3	4.9	5.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,810	3,965	3,845	94.7	95.0	94.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	6,150	3,075	3,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	335	155	175	5.4	5.0	5.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	165	75	95	2.7	2.4	3.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	170	80	85	2.8	2.6	2.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,815	2,920	2,895	94.6	95.0	94.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table