Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sherwood Park--Fort SaskatchewanMore information: Alberta [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	126,313	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	122,193	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	49,099	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	47,548	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	102.9	...	...	102.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,226.98	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	126,315	62,705	63,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23,075	11,735	11,340	18.3	18.7	17.8
0 to 4 years	6,435	3,385	3,050	5.1	5.4	4.8
5 to 9 years	7,945	4,025	3,920	6.3	6.4	6.2
10 to 14 years	8,695	4,325	4,370	6.9	6.9	6.9
15 to 64 years	82,185	41,165	41,025	65.1	65.6	64.5
15 to 19 years	8,160	4,170	3,990	6.5	6.7	6.3
20 to 24 years	6,835	3,665	3,170	5.4	5.8	5.0
25 to 29 years	6,695	3,440	3,250	5.3	5.5	5.1
30 to 34 years	8,125	4,035	4,085	6.4	6.4	6.4
35 to 39 years	9,075	4,510	4,560	7.2	7.2	7.2
40 to 44 years	8,725	4,320	4,405	6.9	6.9	6.9
45 to 49 years	8,520	4,185	4,335	6.7	6.7	6.8
50 to 54 years	8,585	4,215	4,370	6.8	6.7	6.9
55 to 59 years	8,965	4,385	4,585	7.1	7.0	7.2
60 to 64 years	8,505	4,235	4,275	6.7	6.8	6.7
65 years and over	21,050	9,805	11,240	16.7	15.6	17.7
65 to 69 years	6,800	3,295	3,500	5.4	5.3	5.5
70 to 74 years	5,760	2,705	3,060	4.6	4.3	4.8
75 to 79 years	3,925	1,910	2,015	3.1	3.0	3.2
80 to 84 years	2,440	1,120	1,320	1.9	1.8	2.1
85 years and over	2,125	780	1,350	1.7	1.2	2.1
85 to 89 years	1,365	540	830	1.1	0.9	1.3
90 to 94 years	585	195	390	0.5	0.3	0.6
95 to 99 years	160	50	110	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.3	18.7	17.8	18.3	18.7	17.8
15 to 64 years	65.1	65.6	64.5	65.1	65.6	64.5
65 years and over	16.7	15.6	17.7	16.7	15.6	17.7
85 years and over	1.7	1.2	2.1	1.7	1.2	2.1
Average age of the population	40.5	39.7	41.2	40.5	39.7	41.2
Median age of the population	40.8	39.6	41.6	40.8	39.6	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	36,200	...	...	76.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,555	...	...	7.5	...	...
Row house	2,145	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	120	...	...	0.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,250	...	...	8.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	330	...	...	0.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	945	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	47,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	9,635	...	...	20.3	...	...
2 persons	17,845	...	...	37.5	...	...
3 persons	7,535	...	...	15.8	...	...
4 persons	8,180	...	...	17.2	...	...
5 or more persons	4,350	...	...	9.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	124,300	61,905	62,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	103,240	50,970	52,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	65,895	32,920	32,980	63.8	64.6	63.1
Married	56,505	28,250	28,250	54.7	55.4	54.1
Living common-law	9,395	4,670	4,730	9.1	9.2	9.1
Living common law - Never married	6,335	3,180	3,155	6.1	6.2	6.0
Living common law - Separated	410	220	190	0.4	0.4	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	2,415	1,175	1,240	2.3	2.3	2.4
Living common law - Widowed	235	95	135	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	37,340	18,050	19,290	36.2	35.4	36.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	24,510	13,700	10,810	23.7	26.9	20.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	2,170	925	1,245	2.1	1.8	2.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,855	2,380	3,470	5.7	4.7	6.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	4,805	1,045	3,765	4.7	2.1	7.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	37,160	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	18,395	...	...	49.5	...	...
3 persons	7,305	...	...	19.7	...	...
4 persons	7,980	...	...	21.5	...	...
5 or more persons	3,475	...	...	9.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	37,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	32,500	...	...	87.5	...	...
Married couples	27,800	...	...	74.8	...	...
With children⁶	14,995	...	...	40.4	...	...
Without children	12,810	...	...	34.5	...	...
Common-law couples	4,695	...	...	12.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,795	...	...	4.8	...	...
Without children	2,900	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	4,655	...	...	12.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	3,445	...	...	9.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	1,215	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	124,300	61,905	62,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	109,025	54,415	54,605	87.7	87.9	87.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	65,000	32,450	32,555	52.3	52.4	52.2
Parents in one-parent families	4,660	1,215	3,445	3.7	2.0	5.5
Children⁶	39,370	20,755	18,610	31.7	33.5	29.8
In a two-parent family	32,095	16,850	15,240	25.8	27.2	24.4
In a one-parent family	7,270	3,905	3,365	5.8	6.3	5.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15,275	7,490	7,785	12.3	12.1	12.5
Living alone	9,640	4,480	5,155	7.8	7.2	8.3
Living with other relatives⁷	2,215	995	1,220	1.8	1.6	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	3,420	2,015	1,405	2.8	3.3	2.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	33,820	...	...	71.1	...	...
Couple-family households	30,095	...	...	63.3	...	...
With children⁶	15,585	...	...	32.8	...	...
Without children	14,510	...	...	30.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,730	...	...	7.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	955	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	225	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	1,420	...	...	3.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,490	...	...	3.1	...	...
One-person households	9,635	...	...	20.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	101,275	50,185	51,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	96,585	47,950	48,630	95.4	95.5	95.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,000	70,500	42,800	54,000	70,500	42,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	96,645	47,980	48,670	95.4	95.6	95.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	59,600	38,400	47,200	59,600	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	90,770	45,835	44,930	89.6	91.3	88.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,800	66,000	35,600	48,800	66,000	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	74,260	38,840	35,415	73.3	77.4	69.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	68,500	38,400	51,600	68,500	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	82,580	40,205	42,375	81.5	80.1	82.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,350	5,040	8,700	7,350	5,040	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,040	4,965	5,075	9.9	9.9	9.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,640	5,840	5,760	5,640	5,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,930	11,085	12,850	23.6	22.1	25.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	101,270	50,190	51,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	96,600	47,860	48,745	95.4	95.4	95.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	70,700	88,600	53,150	70,700	88,600	53,150
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	96,655	47,880	48,775	95.4	95.4	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,150	69,800	44,720	57,150	69,800	44,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	90,775	45,715	45,060	89.6	91.1	88.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,600	85,200	47,760	66,600	85,200	47,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	74,255	38,845	35,410	73.3	77.4	69.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	65,800	82,000	48,000	65,800	82,000	48,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	82,390	39,805	42,585	81.4	79.3	83.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,520	8,660	10,310	9,520	8,660	10,310
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,650	4,730	4,920	9.5	9.4	9.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,220	6,680	7,740	7,220	6,680	7,740
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,690	10,870	12,820	23.4	21.7	25.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,490	8,310	8,640	8,490	8,310	8,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	101,270	50,190	51,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	35,980	21,030	14,955	35.5	41.9	29.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	85,000	98,000	69,000	85,000	98,000	69,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	98,100	113,700	76,200	98,100	113,700	76,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	29,470	13,215	16,255	29.1	26.3	31.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	30,000	20,400	24,000	30,000	20,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,840	51,080	28,920	38,840	51,080	28,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.6	91.8	83.0	88.6	91.8	83.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.4	75.0	65.6	71.4	75.0	65.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.5	8.1	17.0	11.5	8.1	17.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.8	1.5	1.0	0.8	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.3	2.3	5.0	3.3	2.3	5.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.9	2.1	4.3	2.9	2.1	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	101,270	50,190	51,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	4,690	2,240	2,450	4.6	4.5	4.8
With total income	96,580	47,950	48,635	95.4	95.5	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,200	2,640	4,565	7.5	5.5	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	8,105	2,760	5,340	8.4	5.8	11.0
$20,000 to $29,999	11,305	4,370	6,940	11.7	9.1	14.3
$30,000 to $39,999	9,440	3,545	5,890	9.8	7.4	12.1
$40,000 to $49,999	8,930	3,600	5,325	9.2	7.5	10.9
$50,000 to $59,999	7,785	3,450	4,335	8.1	7.2	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	7,090	3,445	3,645	7.3	7.2	7.5
$70,000 to $79,999	6,310	3,420	2,890	6.5	7.1	5.9
$80,000 to $89,999	5,200	3,015	2,190	5.4	6.3	4.5
$90,000 to $99,999	4,745	2,765	1,980	4.9	5.8	4.1
$100,000 and over	20,475	14,940	5,535	21.2	31.2	11.4
$100,000 to $149,999	12,525	8,395	4,130	13.0	17.5	8.5
$150,000 and over	7,950	6,540	1,405	8.2	13.6	2.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	101,270	50,190	51,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	4,625	2,210	2,415	4.6	4.4	4.7
With after-tax income	96,650	47,975	48,670	95.4	95.6	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,695	2,775	4,920	8.0	5.8	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	8,535	2,915	5,620	8.8	6.1	11.5
$20,000 to $29,999	12,775	4,925	7,845	13.2	10.3	16.1
$30,000 to $39,999	11,495	4,450	7,045	11.9	9.3	14.5
$40,000 to $49,999	10,525	4,555	5,975	10.9	9.5	12.3
$50,000 to $59,999	9,445	4,595	4,850	9.8	9.6	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	8,135	4,510	3,625	8.4	9.4	7.4
$70,000 to $79,999	6,575	3,860	2,715	6.8	8.0	5.6
$80,000 to $89,999	5,440	3,265	2,170	5.6	6.8	4.5
$90,000 to $99,999	4,035	2,675	1,365	4.2	5.6	2.8
$100,000 and over	12,000	9,460	2,535	12.4	19.7	5.2
$100,000 to $124,999	5,580	4,165	1,415	5.8	8.7	2.9
$125,000 and over	6,415	5,290	1,120	6.6	11.0	2.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	101,270	50,190	51,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	27,015	11,350	15,665	26.7	22.6	30.7
With employment income	74,255	38,840	35,420	73.3	77.4	69.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,240	4,485	4,760	12.4	11.5	13.4
$5,000 to $9,999	4,735	1,940	2,795	6.4	5.0	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	7,115	2,745	4,370	9.6	7.1	12.3
$20,000 to $29,999	5,500	2,280	3,220	7.4	5.9	9.1
$30,000 to $39,999	5,025	2,020	3,005	6.8	5.2	8.5
$40,000 to $49,999	4,765	2,015	2,750	6.4	5.2	7.8
$50,000 to $59,999	4,795	2,085	2,710	6.5	5.4	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	4,750	2,200	2,550	6.4	5.7	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	4,200	2,255	1,950	5.7	5.8	5.5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,905	2,245	1,660	5.3	5.8	4.7
$90,000 to $99,999	3,950	2,230	1,720	5.3	5.7	4.9
$100,000 and over	16,275	12,340	3,940	21.9	31.8	11.1
$100,000 to $124,999	6,560	4,275	2,285	8.8	11.0	6.5
$125,000 and over	9,715	8,060	1,650	13.1	20.8	4.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	101,275	50,185	51,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	94,865	47,030	47,835	93.7	93.7	93.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	73,500	42,000	55,200	73,500	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	94,940	47,040	47,895	93.7	93.7	93.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,000	61,600	37,600	48,000	61,600	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	89,990	45,400	44,585	88.9	90.5	87.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,000	71,000	38,000	52,000	71,000	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	74,950	39,110	35,845	74.0	77.9	70.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,400	73,000	40,800	54,400	73,000	40,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	77,835	38,305	39,525	76.9	76.3	77.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,720	990	4,120	1,720	990	4,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	7,250	3,490	3,765	7.2	7.0	7.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,040	5,440	7,050	6,040	5,440	7,050
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	101,270	50,190	51,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	94,820	46,885	47,940	93.6	93.4	93.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	71,600	91,500	52,100	71,600	91,500	52,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	94,895	46,900	47,990	93.7	93.4	94.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,500	71,600	43,800	57,500	71,600	43,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	89,805	45,170	44,640	88.7	90.0	87.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,800	90,000	49,360	69,800	90,000	49,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	74,675	38,925	35,745	73.7	77.6	70.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	69,500	87,800	49,480	69,500	87,800	49,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	77,720	38,080	39,645	76.7	75.9	77.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,650	5,850	7,430	6,650	5,850	7,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,905	3,320	3,590	6.8	6.6	7.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,780	6,520	8,950	7,780	6,520	8,950
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	101,270	50,190	51,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	35,810	20,940	14,870	35.4	41.7	29.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	85,000	98,000	66,500	85,000	98,000	66,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	98,700	116,300	73,900	98,700	116,300	73,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	27,950	12,480	15,465	27.6	24.9	30.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,400	45,200	27,000	32,400	45,200	27,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	48,040	64,400	34,840	48,040	64,400	34,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.4	94.8	88.2	92.4	94.8	88.2
Employment income (%)	76.4	79.8	70.8	76.4	79.8	70.8
Government transfers (%)	7.6	5.2	11.8	7.6	5.2	11.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.5	1.3	0.8	0.5	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	47,545	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	9,635	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...	50,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	37,910	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	47,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	143,600	...	...	143,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	116,200	...	...	116,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,625	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	71,200	...	...	71,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,950	...	...	57,950	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	37,925	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	47,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	220	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	110	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	280	...	...	0.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	665	...	...	1.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	935	...	...	2.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	715	...	...	1.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	895	...	...	1.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,060	...	...	2.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,020	...	...	2.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,300	...	...	4.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,375	...	...	5.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,685	...	...	5.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,545	...	...	5.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,545	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	28,975	...	...	60.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,050	...	...	12.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5,350	...	...	11.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	7,810	...	...	16.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	9,765	...	...	20.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	47,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	275	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	110	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	225	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	320	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	720	...	...	1.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,015	...	...	2.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	905	...	...	1.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,120	...	...	2.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,260	...	...	2.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,275	...	...	2.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,890	...	...	6.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,210	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,190	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,340	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,220	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	24,460	...	...	51.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,075	...	...	14.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5,565	...	...	11.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	11,820	...	...	24.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	36,865	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	14,760	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	16,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	172,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,380	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	13,055	6,495	6,565	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,200	64,500	48,800	55,200	64,500	48,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,600	54,000	43,200	47,600	54,000	43,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	36,905	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	161,800	...	...	161,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,600	...	...	130,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	14,775	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	141,400	...	...	141,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	114,300	...	...	114,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	16,810	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	196,000	...	...	196,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,600	...	...	156,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,430	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,800	...	...	100,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	12,940	6,460	6,475	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	66,700	76,100	57,350	66,700	76,100	57,350
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,650	61,300	48,040	54,650	61,300	48,040
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	124,295	61,905	62,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	27,945	14,260	13,685	22.5	23.0	21.9
0 to 5 years	7,980	4,160	3,820	6.4	6.7	6.1
18 to 64 years	76,635	38,210	38,420	61.7	61.7	61.6
65 years and over	19,720	9,435	10,285	15.9	15.2	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,725	2,610	3,110	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,595	815	780	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	445	235	215	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,070	1,420	1,650	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,060	380	685	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.6	4.2	5.0	4.6	4.2	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	3.7	4.3	4.0	3.7	4.3
65 years and over (%)	5.4	4.0	6.6	5.4	4.0	6.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	124,300	61,905	62,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	27,940	14,260	13,680	22.5	23.0	21.9
0 to 5 years	7,975	4,160	3,815	6.4	6.7	6.1
18 to 64 years	76,640	38,215	38,425	61.7	61.7	61.6
65 years and over	19,720	9,430	10,290	15.9	15.2	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,650	1,290	1,355	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	620	310	315	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	170	85	85	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,765	870	895	...	...	...
65 years and over	265	115	145	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.3
0 to 5 years (%)	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.1	2.0	2.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3	2.3
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	124,295	61,905	62,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	37,590	17,775	19,815	30.2	28.7	31.8
In bottom decile	4,945	2,385	2,560	4.0	3.9	4.1
In second decile	6,450	2,810	3,635	5.2	4.5	5.8
In third decile	7,115	3,345	3,770	5.7	5.4	6.0
In fourth decile	8,715	4,150	4,560	7.0	6.7	7.3
In fifth decile	10,370	5,075	5,295	8.3	8.2	8.5
In top half of the distribution	86,710	44,130	42,580	69.8	71.3	68.2
In sixth decile	11,925	5,865	6,065	9.6	9.5	9.7
In seventh decile	14,070	7,065	7,005	11.3	11.4	11.2
In eighth decile	16,055	8,150	7,905	12.9	13.2	12.7
In ninth decile	19,865	10,185	9,680	16.0	16.5	15.5
In top decile	24,790	12,865	11,925	19.9	20.8	19.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	124,300	...	...	124,300	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.313	...	...	0.313	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.382	...	...	0.382	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.276	...	...	0.276	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	125,005	62,130	62,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	116,560	58,475	58,090	93.2	94.1	92.4
French only	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	8,055	3,490	4,565	6.4	5.6	7.3
Neither English nor French	335	140	200	0.3	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	125,005	62,130	62,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	122,565	60,965	61,600	98.0	98.1	98.0
French	1,965	965	1,005	1.6	1.6	1.6
English and French	165	80	85	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	315	120	195	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	125,005	62,130	62,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	122,700	61,050	61,650	98.2	98.3	98.0
Official languages	112,655	56,425	56,230	90.1	90.8	89.4
English	110,515	55,375	55,145	88.4	89.1	87.7
French	2,140	1,055	1,085	1.7	1.7	1.7
Non-official languages	10,050	4,625	5,420	8.0	7.4	8.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10,005	4,610	5,395	8.0	7.4	8.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	270	140	125	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	255	135	120	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	235	120	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	40	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	90	30	60	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,950	825	1,120	1.6	1.3	1.8
Bikol	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,735	735	1,000	1.4	1.2	1.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	220	110	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	100	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	6,460	3,060	3,405	5.2	4.9	5.4
Albanian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,645	745	900	1.3	1.2	1.4
Baltic languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	1,620	735	885	1.3	1.2	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	65	30	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	345	155	190	0.3	0.2	0.3
Russian	160	55	110	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	160	80	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	110	50	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	830	385	445	0.7	0.6	0.7
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	2,020	935	1,090	1.6	1.5	1.7
Frisian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	1,420	635	780	1.1	1.0	1.2
German	1,400	625	775	1.1	1.0	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	480	245	235	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	80	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	355	175	180	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	115	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,535	775	760	1.2	1.2	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages	1,455	740	720	1.2	1.2	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	155	70	85	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	155	75	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	835	435	400	0.7	0.7	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	125	60	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	65	30	30	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,200	570	635	1.0	0.9	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	190	85	105	0.2	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	165	80	85	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.0
Spanish	780	365	415	0.6	0.6	0.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	120	50	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	115	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	525	225	305	0.4	0.4	0.5
Chinese languages	505	215	295	0.4	0.3	0.5
Hakka	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	240	110	135	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	235	95	140	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	105	45	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,300	1,080	1,230	1.8	1.7	2.0
English and French	550	255	295	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	1,570	740	830	1.3	1.2	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	125	50	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	125,005	62,130	62,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	113,975	57,015	56,965	91.2	91.8	90.6
French	450	210	245	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official language	1,765	840	920	1.4	1.4	1.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,760	840	920	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and French	1,215	525	685	1.0	0.8	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	7,210	3,360	3,850	5.8	5.4	6.1
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	205	90	115	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	170	80	95	0.1	0.1	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	125,005	62,130	62,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	123,360	61,365	61,995	98.7	98.8	98.6
Official languages	119,235	59,385	59,850	95.4	95.6	95.2
English	118,605	59,095	59,510	94.9	95.1	94.6
French	635	295	345	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official languages	4,120	1,980	2,140	3.3	3.2	3.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,115	1,975	2,140	3.3	3.2	3.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	90	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,185	530	655	0.9	0.9	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,065	475	590	0.9	0.8	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	135	70	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,195	1,080	1,115	1.8	1.7	1.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	320	155	170	0.3	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	310	150	160	0.2	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	95	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	65	25	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	320	150	165	0.3	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	245	115	130	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	245	115	130	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,025	510	515	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	975	485	490	0.8	0.8	0.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	95	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	110	60	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	585	300	290	0.5	0.5	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	70	30	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	515	260	260	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	425	215	215	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	80	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	235	110	125	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	225	105	120	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	145	70	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,645	765	880	1.3	1.2	1.4
English and French	190	80	110	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	1,415	660	755	1.1	1.1	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	125,005	62,130	62,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	117,575	58,700	58,870	94.1	94.5	93.6
English	2,150	1,045	1,100	1.7	1.7	1.7
French	905	390	515	0.7	0.6	0.8
Non-official language	3,745	1,720	2,030	3.0	2.8	3.2
Indigenous³⁹	55	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	3,690	1,700	1,995	3.0	2.7	3.2
English and French	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	215	95	120	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	110	45	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	295	125	170	0.2	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	124,295	61,905	62,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	124,000	61,770	62,230	99.8	99.8	99.7
English	123,945	61,745	62,200	99.7	99.7	99.7
French	8,220	3,525	4,690	6.6	5.7	7.5
Non-official languages	14,045	6,645	7,400	11.3	10.7	11.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	140	45	95	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algonquian languages	100	30	70	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	100	30	70	0.1	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	100	30	70	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	50	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	13,925	6,600	7,325	11.2	10.7	11.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	510	300	205	0.4	0.5	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	55	40	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	50	40	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	450	260	190	0.4	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	415	250	165	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	25	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	55	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	2,760	1,165	1,600	2.2	1.9	2.6
Bikol	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	175	60	115	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	45	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pangasinan	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,645	1,115	1,530	2.1	1.8	2.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	370	195	175	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	120	70	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	265	140	125	0.2	0.2	0.2
Telugu	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	8,765	4,285	4,475	7.1	6.9	7.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,110	975	1,130	1.7	1.6	1.8
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	2,100	975	1,130	1.7	1.6	1.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	105	65	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	505	245	270	0.4	0.4	0.4
Russian	245	90	155	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	165	85	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	130	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	40	0	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	1,150	525	625	0.9	0.8	1.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	2,450	1,215	1,235	2.0	2.0	2.0
Frisian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	1,740	845	895	1.4	1.4	1.4
German	1,735	845	890	1.4	1.4	1.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	595	325	270	0.5	0.5	0.4
Afrikaans	100	55	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	450	245	205	0.4	0.4	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	165	85	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	90	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	35	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,220	1,180	1,050	1.8	1.9	1.7
Indo-Aryan languages	2,165	1,150	1,010	1.7	1.9	1.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	80	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	190	100	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	935	475	460	0.8	0.8	0.7
Kacchi	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	70	25	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,155	640	510	0.9	1.0	0.8
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	125	60	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	265	130	135	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,135	990	1,145	1.7	1.6	1.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	420	195	225	0.3	0.3	0.4
Portuguese	255	130	125	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	70	30	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	1,495	680	820	1.2	1.1	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	155	65	90	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	160	60	100	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	375	195	175	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	130	80	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	130	55	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	185	65	115	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	170	60	110	0.1	0.1	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	650	295	360	0.5	0.5	0.6
Chinese languages	645	295	350	0.5	0.5	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	415	180	230	0.3	0.3	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	270	110	160	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	60	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	175	60	115	0.1	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	35	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	130	40	90	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	124,300	61,905	62,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	6,515	3,200	3,320	5.2	5.2	5.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	6,320	3,085	3,235	5.1	5.0	5.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,890	890	1,000	1.5	1.4	1.6
Métis	4,350	2,150	2,200	3.5	3.5	3.5
Inuk (Inuit)	80	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	135	90	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	65	20	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	117,780	58,705	59,075	94.8	94.8	94.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	124,300	61,905	62,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,360	670	695	1.1	1.1	1.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	122,935	61,240	61,695	98.9	98.9	98.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	40,105	...	...	84.4	...	...
Renter	7,445	...	...	15.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	6,220	...	...	13.1	...	...
Not condominium	41,325	...	...	86.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,945	...	...	4.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,405	...	...	13.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,930	...	...	37.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	21,165	...	...	44.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,515	...	...	13.7	...	...
5 rooms	5,670	...	...	11.9	...	...
6 rooms	6,945	...	...	14.6	...	...
7 rooms	7,025	...	...	14.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	21,390	...	...	45.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	47,160	...	...	99.2	...	...
More than one person per room	385	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	46,600	...	...	98.0	...	...
Not suitable	945	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,160	...	...	4.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,255	...	...	27.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,635	...	...	9.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,735	...	...	16.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,110	...	...	10.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,035	...	...	12.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	5,220	...	...	11.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	3,395	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	45,730	...	...	96.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,820	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	20,735	...	...	43.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	24,805	...	...	52.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	2,005	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	890	...	...	1.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,190	...	...	13.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,165	...	...	19.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,470	...	...	19.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,920	...	...	20.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,220	...	...	15.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,680	...	...	7.7	...	...
85 years and over	1,020	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	47,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	39,935	...	...	84.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,220	...	...	15.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,595	...	...	14.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	47,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	9,410	...	...	19.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	6,700	...	...	14.1	...	...
Not suitable only	765	...	...	1.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,375	...	...	2.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	125	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	390	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	38,135	...	...	80.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	46,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	2,565	...	...	5.5	...	...
Not in core need	43,970	...	...	94.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	39,830	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	62.0	...	...	62.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.4	...	...	11.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,700	...	...	1,700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,714	...	...	1,714	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	496,800	...	...	496,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,430	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.4	...	...	36.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.6	...	...	18.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,500	...	...	1,500	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,516	...	...	1,516	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	124,300	61,905	62,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,685	855	830	1.4	1.4	1.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,605	810	800	1.3	1.3	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	850	395	450	0.7	0.6	0.7
Métis single ancestry	735	405	330	0.6	0.7	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	75	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	6,200	3,060	3,140	5.0	4.9	5.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	5,930	2,895	3,035	4.8	4.7	4.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,740	1,365	1,380	2.2	2.2	2.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	3,130	1,495	1,630	2.5	2.4	2.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	270	165	105	0.2	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	260	155	105	0.2	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	116,410	57,985	58,425	93.7	93.7	93.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	124,300	61,905	62,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	119,795	59,760	60,035	96.4	96.5	96.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	27,390	14,040	13,355	22.0	22.7	21.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	92,400	45,720	46,680	74.3	73.9	74.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	4,505	2,145	2,360	3.6	3.5	3.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	124,300	61,905	62,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	110,775	55,370	55,400	89.1	89.4	88.8
Immigrants⁸¹	13,075	6,305	6,770	10.5	10.2	10.9
Before 1980	3,560	1,810	1,755	2.9	2.9	2.8
1980 to 1990	1,375	660	715	1.1	1.1	1.1
1991 to 2000	1,160	530	630	0.9	0.9	1.0
2001 to 2010	2,355	1,150	1,205	1.9	1.9	1.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	4,620	2,155	2,465	3.7	3.5	4.0
2011 to 2015	2,410	1,090	1,315	1.9	1.8	2.1
2016 to 2021	2,210	1,065	1,145	1.8	1.7	1.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	450	230	220	0.4	0.4	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	13,075	6,305	6,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	1,475	790	685	11.3	12.5	10.1
5 to 14 years	2,630	1,370	1,260	20.1	21.7	18.6
15 to 24 years	2,435	1,070	1,365	18.6	17.0	20.2
25 to 44 years	5,445	2,520	2,930	41.6	40.0	43.3
45 years and over	1,090	555	535	8.3	8.8	7.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	13,075	6,305	6,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,745	850	895	13.3	13.5	13.2
Brazil	65	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
Colombia	120	55	65	0.9	0.9	1.0
El Salvador	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Guyana	55	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	130	60	75	1.0	1.0	1.1
Mexico	110	50	60	0.8	0.8	0.9
Peru	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Trinidad and Tobago	75	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
United States of America	750	385	370	5.7	6.1	5.5
Other places of birth in Americas	380	200	180	2.9	3.2	2.7
Europe	4,870	2,475	2,395	37.2	39.3	35.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Croatia	70	35	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
France	60	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
Germany	585	280	305	4.5	4.4	4.5
Greece	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hungary	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Italy	140	95	45	1.1	1.5	0.7
Netherlands	385	235	155	2.9	3.7	2.3
Poland	355	185	170	2.7	2.9	2.5
Portugal	70	40	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Romania	50	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
Russian Federation	40	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	75	20	60	0.6	0.3	0.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	2,355	1,200	1,160	18.0	19.0	17.1
Other places of birth in Europe	560	280	285	4.3	4.4	4.2
Africa	920	460	460	7.0	7.3	6.8
Algeria	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Egypt	45	35	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Morocco	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Nigeria	175	80	95	1.3	1.3	1.4
Somalia	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	235	110	130	1.8	1.7	1.9
Other places of birth in Africa	350	175	170	2.7	2.8	2.5
Asia	5,335	2,400	2,940	40.8	38.1	43.4
Afghanistan	45	25	25	0.3	0.4	0.4
Iran⁸⁸	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iraq	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	85	45	45	0.7	0.7	0.7
Syria⁸⁹	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Turkey	35	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.1
China⁹⁰	250	105	145	1.9	1.7	2.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	75	45	30	0.6	0.7	0.4
Korea, South⁹²	115	45	70	0.9	0.7	1.0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Philippines	2,560	1,070	1,485	19.6	17.0	21.9
Viet Nam	45	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.6
Bangladesh	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
India	1,250	615	630	9.6	9.8	9.3
Pakistan	170	90	80	1.3	1.4	1.2
Sri Lanka	75	40	35	0.6	0.6	0.5
Other places of birth in Asia	500	225	270	3.8	3.6	4.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	195	120	80	1.5	1.9	1.2
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	2,210	1,065	1,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	280	150	135	12.7	14.1	11.8
Brazil	25	10	15	1.1	0.9	1.3
Colombia	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.9
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	15	25	1.6	1.4	2.2
Mexico	35	15	15	1.6	1.4	1.3
United States of America	105	70	40	4.8	6.6	3.5
Venezuela⁹⁵	15	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.9
Other places of birth in Americas	50	20	25	2.3	1.9	2.2
Europe	305	160	145	13.8	15.0	12.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	25	0	15	1.1	0.0	1.3
Ireland⁹⁶	30	10	15	1.4	0.9	1.3
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
United Kingdom⁸⁷	140	80	55	6.3	7.5	4.8
Other places of birth in Europe	95	55	40	4.3	5.2	3.5
Africa	245	120	120	11.1	11.3	10.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	105	50	50	4.8	4.7	4.4
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	80	50	35	3.6	4.7	3.1
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	25	1.8	1.4	2.2
Asia	1,375	635	740	62.2	59.6	64.6
Afghanistan	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.3
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	20	20	1.6	1.9	1.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	220	115	110	10.0	10.8	9.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	15	0.9	0.9	1.3
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	20	10	0	0.9	0.9	0.0
Pakistan	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.9
Philippines	935	425	515	42.3	39.9	45.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	25	0	20	1.1	0.0	1.7
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	15	1.1	0.9	1.3
Oceania and other⁹³	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
Australia	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.9
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	124,295	61,905	62,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	14,615	7,110	7,500	11.8	11.5	12.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	18,755	9,400	9,360	15.1	15.2	15.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	90,930	45,395	45,535	73.2	73.3	73.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	9,515	4,500	5,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	6,215	3,030	3,185	65.3	67.3	63.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	2,485	1,480	1,005	26.1	32.9	20.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	3,735	1,555	2,180	39.3	34.6	43.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	2,710	1,135	1,575	28.5	25.2	31.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	515	290	225	5.4	6.4	4.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	80	40	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	9,515	4,500	5,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	170	105	65	1.8	2.3	1.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	2,405	1,110	1,295	25.3	24.7	25.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	380	200	185	4.0	4.4	3.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	385	185	205	4.0	4.1	4.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	6,145	2,880	3,270	64.6	64.0	65.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	124,295	61,905	62,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	11,640	5,770	5,870	9.4	9.3	9.4
South Asian	3,155	1,675	1,480	2.5	2.7	2.4
Chinese	970	460	505	0.8	0.7	0.8
Black	1,395	760	635	1.1	1.2	1.0
Filipino	3,290	1,440	1,850	2.6	2.3	3.0
Arab	325	190	135	0.3	0.3	0.2
Latin American	740	355	385	0.6	0.6	0.6
Southeast Asian	520	245	270	0.4	0.4	0.4
West Asian	110	65	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	190	70	115	0.2	0.1	0.2
Japanese	300	165	145	0.2	0.3	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	195	110	80	0.2	0.2	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	440	225	215	0.4	0.4	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	112,660	56,135	56,525	90.6	90.7	90.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	124,295	61,905	62,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	17,530	9,140	8,385	14.1	14.8	13.4
English	30,665	14,765	15,900	24.7	23.9	25.5
Irish	22,565	10,675	11,890	18.2	17.2	19.1
Scottish	24,275	11,790	12,485	19.5	19.0	20.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	14,295	6,715	7,575	11.5	10.8	12.1
German	25,770	12,705	13,070	20.7	20.5	20.9
Chinese	1,295	635	670	1.0	1.0	1.1
Italian	2,920	1,560	1,360	2.3	2.5	2.2
Indian (India)	1,995	1,055	940	1.6	1.7	1.5
Ukrainian	21,325	10,485	10,845	17.2	16.9	17.4
Dutch	6,475	3,420	3,055	5.2	5.5	4.9
Polish	8,460	4,040	4,420	6.8	6.5	7.1
Québécois	145	70	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	4,980	2,500	2,475	4.0	4.0	4.0
Filipino	3,185	1,395	1,790	2.6	2.3	2.9
French Canadian	1,220	600	625	1.0	1.0	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,705	850	850	1.4	1.4	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,670	850	820	1.3	1.4	1.3
Métis	4,205	2,110	2,095	3.4	3.4	3.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	2,335	1,230	1,105	1.9	2.0	1.8
Russian	2,580	1,205	1,370	2.1	1.9	2.2
Norwegian	6,555	3,045	3,510	5.3	4.9	5.6
Welsh	3,265	1,550	1,715	2.6	2.5	2.7
Portuguese	535	275	260	0.4	0.4	0.4
American	2,065	1,010	1,055	1.7	1.6	1.7
Spanish	725	335	395	0.6	0.5	0.6
Swedish	4,180	1,900	2,275	3.4	3.1	3.6
Hungarian	1,480	750	725	1.2	1.2	1.2
Acadian	350	170	175	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistani	240	110	130	0.2	0.2	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	330	155	175	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jewish	300	155	145	0.2	0.3	0.2
Punjabi	330	195	135	0.3	0.3	0.2
Vietnamese	115	40	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	470	260	215	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jamaican	285	150	135	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	360	170	195	0.3	0.3	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	970	490	480	0.8	0.8	0.8
Korean	185	70	115	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	1,080	515	565	0.9	0.8	0.9
Lebanese	325	185	150	0.3	0.3	0.2
Iranian	60	15	45	0.0	0.0	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	325	185	140	0.3	0.3	0.2
Danish	1,990	1,020	975	1.6	1.6	1.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	425	180	240	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sikh	385	210	180	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austrian	1,720	780	940	1.4	1.3	1.5
Belgian	900	405	490	0.7	0.7	0.8
Haitian	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	195	95	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexican	260	140	120	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	585	290	295	0.5	0.5	0.5
Swiss	705	320	380	0.6	0.5	0.6
Finnish	655	335	320	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sri Lankan	105	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	425	175	250	0.3	0.3	0.4
Japanese	395	205	190	0.3	0.3	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	90	60	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	280	115	165	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	905	430	470	0.7	0.7	0.8
Muslim	55	40	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Egyptian	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	130	45	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	755	380	375	0.6	0.6	0.6
Colombian	120	65	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moroccan	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	660	335	325	0.5	0.5	0.5
Syrian	85	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	100	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afghan	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	100	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	130	60	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	345	155	190	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hong Konger	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	110	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	110	50	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkish	120	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	95	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	30	25	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	100	50	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	170	100	70	0.1	0.2	0.1
Armenian	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	230	85	150	0.2	0.1	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	335	170	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Somali	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	105	55	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquin	30	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	230	110	120	0.2	0.2	0.2
South African	295	150	140	0.2	0.2	0.2
Australian	245	125	125	0.2	0.2	0.2
Palestinian	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	220	120	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congolese	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	65	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ethiopian	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	90	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	165	90	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	165	90	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	60	40	25	0.0	0.1	0.0
Israeli	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	65	50	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	255	110	140	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bulgarian	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	1,055	570	480	0.8	0.9	0.8
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	60	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
African American	60	40	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	205	80	130	0.2	0.1	0.2
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	135	50	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuban	85	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	80	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	155	70	80	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	45	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	90	25	65	0.1	0.0	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	55	45	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	50	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	55	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	80	25	55	0.1	0.0	0.1
Malaysian	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	160	60	100	0.1	0.1	0.2
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	45	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	55	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	60	35	30	0.0	0.1	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	40	0	40	0.0	0.0	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	80	55	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	45	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	75	30	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	124,300	61,905	62,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	375	170	205	0.3	0.3	0.3
Christian	67,210	31,560	35,655	54.1	51.0	57.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	13,170	6,220	6,945	10.6	10.0	11.1
Anabaptist	175	105	75	0.1	0.2	0.1
Anglican	3,340	1,525	1,815	2.7	2.5	2.9
Baptist	1,230	570	650	1.0	0.9	1.0
Catholic	27,860	13,280	14,580	22.4	21.5	23.4
Christian Orthodox	1,635	805	830	1.3	1.3	1.3
Jehovah's Witness	455	210	250	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	1,020	485	540	0.8	0.8	0.9
Lutheran	3,895	1,805	2,090	3.1	2.9	3.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	250	105	145	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	1,115	555	555	0.9	0.9	0.9
Presbyterian	510	240	270	0.4	0.4	0.4
Reformed	340	170	165	0.3	0.3	0.3
United Church	6,760	2,880	3,880	5.4	4.7	6.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	5,460	2,600	2,855	4.4	4.2	4.6
Hindu	855	435	420	0.7	0.7	0.7
Jewish	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	1,105	585	515	0.9	0.9	0.8
Sikh	1,015	570	445	0.8	0.9	0.7
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	635	295	340	0.5	0.5	0.5
No religion and secular perspectives	52,970	28,220	24,755	42.6	45.6	39.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	123,205	61,340	61,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	110,940	55,305	55,635	90.0	90.2	89.9
Movers	12,265	6,035	6,230	10.0	9.8	10.1
Non-migrants	6,800	3,295	3,510	5.5	5.4	5.7
Migrants	5,465	2,745	2,720	4.4	4.5	4.4
Internal migrants	5,145	2,590	2,555	4.2	4.2	4.1
Intraprovincial migrants	4,405	2,235	2,170	3.6	3.6	3.5
Interprovincial migrants	740	355	390	0.6	0.6	0.6
External migrants	320	155	165	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	117,875	58,540	59,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	76,910	38,560	38,350	65.2	65.9	64.6
Movers	40,960	19,980	20,980	34.7	34.1	35.4
Non-migrants	18,860	9,055	9,810	16.0	15.5	16.5
Migrants	22,105	10,925	11,175	18.8	18.7	18.8
Internal migrants	20,540	10,165	10,375	17.4	17.4	17.5
Intraprovincial migrants	17,210	8,640	8,560	14.6	14.8	14.4
Interprovincial migrants	3,335	1,525	1,815	2.8	2.6	3.1
External migrants	1,560	760	800	1.3	1.3	1.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	101,270	50,190	51,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	14,235	8,005	6,230	14.1	15.9	12.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	87,040	42,190	44,850	85.9	84.1	87.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	66,640	32,990	33,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,060	3,105	1,950	7.6	9.4	5.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	61,585	29,880	31,705	92.4	90.6	94.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	101,270	50,190	51,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,845	6,305	5,540	11.7	12.6	10.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	30,035	13,910	16,125	29.7	27.7	31.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	59,390	29,980	29,410	58.6	59.7	57.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	38,215	21,190	17,025	37.7	42.2	33.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,475	10,390	2,090	12.3	20.7	4.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,765	1,770	995	2.7	3.5	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	9,710	8,620	1,095	9.6	17.2	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	22,205	9,475	12,730	21.9	18.9	24.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,530	1,315	2,210	3.5	2.6	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	21,180	8,795	12,385	20.9	17.5	24.2
Bachelor's degree	15,985	6,335	9,650	15.8	12.6	18.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	995	425	570	1.0	0.8	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	400	220	180	0.4	0.4	0.4
Master's degree	3,320	1,530	1,785	3.3	3.0	3.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	475	280	200	0.5	0.6	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	66,645	32,985	33,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,630	2,080	1,555	5.4	6.3	4.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	17,055	8,050	9,010	25.6	24.4	26.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,955	22,860	23,095	69.0	69.3	68.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	29,330	16,340	12,990	44.0	49.5	38.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,465	8,060	1,405	14.2	24.4	4.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,860	1,290	575	2.8	3.9	1.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	7,605	6,775	830	11.4	20.5	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	17,230	7,290	9,940	25.9	22.1	29.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,635	990	1,645	4.0	3.0	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	16,630	6,520	10,105	25.0	19.8	30.0
Bachelor's degree	12,615	4,780	7,840	18.9	14.5	23.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	720	285	430	1.1	0.9	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	305	150	150	0.5	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	2,650	1,115	1,535	4.0	3.4	4.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	330	185	145	0.5	0.6	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	101,270	50,195	51,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	41,880	20,215	21,665	41.4	40.3	42.4
Education	5,145	1,230	3,920	5.1	2.5	7.7
13. Education	5,145	1,230	3,920	5.1	2.5	7.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,140	425	720	1.1	0.8	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	105	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	990	325	665	1.0	0.6	1.3
Humanities	1,645	665	975	1.6	1.3	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	80	15	65	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	320	95	230	0.3	0.2	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	515	185	325	0.5	0.4	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	60	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	385	220	165	0.4	0.4	0.3
54. History	155	85	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	45	0	40	0.0	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,555	1,375	3,180	4.5	2.7	6.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	510	245	265	0.5	0.5	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	835	30	800	0.8	0.1	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	815	210	605	0.8	0.4	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	1,045	215	830	1.0	0.4	1.6
45. Social sciences	1,270	640	625	1.3	1.3	1.2
Business, management and public administration	11,100	4,065	7,030	11.0	8.1	13.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	615	90	525	0.6	0.2	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,465	3,970	6,495	10.3	7.9	12.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,985	1,040	950	2.0	2.1	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	745	295	450	0.7	0.6	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	485	240	250	0.5	0.5	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	490	375	115	0.5	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	245	125	120	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,530	920	610	1.5	1.8	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,220	830	390	1.2	1.7	0.8
25. Library science	145	0	145	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	160	85	75	0.2	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	18,225	16,650	1,580	18.0	33.2	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	360	210	155	0.4	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	2,465	2,045	420	2.4	4.1	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	5,395	4,725	670	5.3	9.4	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	4,705	4,530	175	4.6	9.0	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,955	2,890	65	2.9	5.8	0.1
48. Precision production	2,340	2,245	95	2.3	4.5	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,345	710	630	1.3	1.4	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	845	395	450	0.8	0.8	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	500	310	185	0.5	0.6	0.4
Health and related fields	9,525	1,390	8,130	9.4	2.8	15.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	815	340	480	0.8	0.7	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	8,590	990	7,600	8.5	2.0	14.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	110	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,200	1,510	1,685	3.2	3.0	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,745	330	1,415	1.7	0.7	2.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	825	585	240	0.8	1.2	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	595	575	25	0.6	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	66,640	32,985	33,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	20,685	10,125	10,560	31.0	30.7	31.4
Education	3,580	780	2,800	5.4	2.4	8.3
13. Education	3,580	780	2,800	5.4	2.4	8.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	880	300	575	1.3	0.9	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	785	240	540	1.2	0.7	1.6
Humanities	1,250	510	735	1.9	1.5	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	70	10	55	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	245	85	160	0.4	0.3	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	405	170	235	0.6	0.5	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	280	145	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
54. History	120	65	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,785	1,065	2,715	5.7	3.2	8.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	445	210	235	0.7	0.6	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	680	25	655	1.0	0.1	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	690	150	540	1.0	0.5	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	875	155	720	1.3	0.5	2.1
45. Social sciences	1,030	505	525	1.5	1.5	1.6
Business, management and public administration	8,775	3,140	5,630	13.2	9.5	16.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	460	70	390	0.7	0.2	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,300	3,070	5,235	12.5	9.3	15.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,420	745	675	2.1	2.3	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	515	195	315	0.8	0.6	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	355	180	170	0.5	0.5	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	345	255	90	0.5	0.8	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	195	110	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,230	755	475	1.8	2.3	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,025	705	320	1.5	2.1	1.0
25. Library science	80	0	80	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	125	55	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	14,200	12,810	1,390	21.3	38.8	4.1
04. Architecture and related services	300	170	130	0.5	0.5	0.4
14. Engineering	1,905	1,510	395	2.9	4.6	1.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	4,280	3,695	580	6.4	11.2	1.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	3,695	3,540	155	5.5	10.7	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,220	2,175	45	3.3	6.6	0.1
48. Precision production	1,795	1,715	80	2.7	5.2	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,010	460	545	1.5	1.4	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	620	245	375	0.9	0.7	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	390	220	170	0.6	0.7	0.5
Health and related fields	7,355	1,060	6,300	11.0	3.2	18.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	675	245	430	1.0	0.7	1.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	6,600	775	5,825	9.9	2.3	17.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,485	1,230	1,255	3.7	3.7	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,295	255	1,040	1.9	0.8	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	680	490	190	1.0	1.5	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	485	465	20	0.7	1.4	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	66,640	32,985	33,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,685	10,125	10,560	31.0	30.7	31.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	45,955	22,860	23,100	69.0	69.3	68.6
Location of study inside Canada	41,615	20,845	20,770	62.4	63.2	61.7
Same as province or territory of residence	35,085	17,610	17,470	52.6	53.4	51.9
Different than province or territory of residence	6,530	3,230	3,300	9.8	9.8	9.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	4,345	2,015	2,330	6.5	6.1	6.9
Americas	1,085	560	535	1.6	1.7	1.6
United States of America	795	435	365	1.2	1.3	1.1
Mexico	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuba	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peru	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Americas	65	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	830	430	395	1.2	1.3	1.2
Belgium	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	100	40	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Netherlands	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Switzerland	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romania	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	445	245	200	0.7	0.7	0.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Africa	230	120	115	0.3	0.4	0.3
Nigeria	85	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algeria	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Africa	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	2,070	835	1,235	3.1	2.5	3.7
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Philippines	1,185	445	745	1.8	1.3	2.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
India	520	235	285	0.8	0.7	0.8
Pakistan	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oceania	125	75	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Australia	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealand	35	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	101,270	50,190	51,080	...	...	...
In the labour force	69,245	36,470	32,775	...	...	...
Employed	62,690	33,015	29,675	...	...	...
Unemployed	6,555	3,455	3,100	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	32,025	13,725	18,300	...	...	...
Participation rate	68.4	72.7	64.2	68.4	72.7	64.2
Employment rate	61.9	65.8	58.1	61.9	65.8	58.1
Unemployment rate	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5	9.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	101,270	50,195	51,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	32,565	14,045	18,525	32.2	28.0	36.3
Worked	68,710	36,150	32,560	67.8	72.0	63.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	37,270	21,875	15,400	36.8	43.6	30.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	31,440	14,280	17,160	31.0	28.4	33.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.5	40.8	41.7	42.5	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	69,250	36,470	32,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,665	830	835	2.4	2.3	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	67,585	35,640	31,945	97.6	97.7	97.5
Employee	57,935	29,885	28,050	83.7	81.9	85.6
Permanent position	48,910	25,375	23,530	70.6	69.6	71.8
Temporary position	9,030	4,510	4,520	13.0	12.4	13.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	2,360	1,120	1,235	3.4	3.1	3.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	6,675	3,385	3,280	9.6	9.3	10.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	9,645	5,755	3,890	13.9	15.8	11.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	69,250	36,470	32,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,665	830	835	2.4	2.3	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	67,585	35,640	31,945	97.6	97.7	97.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	1,005	735	265	1.5	2.0	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,350	3,160	9,185	17.8	8.7	28.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,185	3,980	1,210	7.5	10.9	3.7
3 Health occupations	5,320	795	4,525	7.7	2.2	13.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,890	2,645	5,245	11.4	7.3	16.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,470	545	925	2.1	1.5	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	14,545	6,165	8,380	21.0	16.9	25.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	14,490	13,055	1,435	20.9	35.8	4.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,065	1,645	420	3.0	4.5	1.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,265	2,915	355	4.7	8.0	1.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	69,250	36,470	32,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,665	830	835	2.4	2.3	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	67,585	35,640	31,945	97.6	97.7	97.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	905	515	390	1.3	1.4	1.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,995	2,455	540	4.3	6.7	1.6
22 Utilities	820	565	255	1.2	1.5	0.8
23 Construction	8,180	6,600	1,580	11.8	18.1	4.8
31-33 Manufacturing	5,070	4,035	1,040	7.3	11.1	3.2
41 Wholesale trade	2,765	1,960	810	4.0	5.4	2.5
44-45 Retail trade	7,135	3,280	3,855	10.3	9.0	11.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,330	2,400	930	4.8	6.6	2.8
51 Information and cultural industries	615	375	245	0.9	1.0	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	2,180	685	1,490	3.1	1.9	4.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,210	645	565	1.7	1.8	1.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,030	2,675	2,355	7.3	7.3	7.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	120	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,195	1,195	1,000	3.2	3.3	3.1
61 Educational services	4,530	1,090	3,440	6.5	3.0	10.5
62 Health care and social assistance	8,185	1,185	7,000	11.8	3.2	21.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,215	555	665	1.8	1.5	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,965	1,305	1,665	4.3	3.6	5.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,260	1,595	1,665	4.7	4.4	5.1
91 Public administration	4,875	2,475	2,400	7.0	6.8	7.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	73,270	38,415	34,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	72,010	37,905	34,105	98.3	98.7	97.8
French	160	60	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-official language	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	550	190	360	0.8	0.5	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	475	225	250	0.6	0.6	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	73,270	38,415	34,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	73,110	38,360	34,750	99.8	99.9	99.7
Official languages	73,030	38,320	34,705	99.7	99.8	99.6
English	72,805	38,250	34,555	99.4	99.6	99.1
French	225	70	155	0.3	0.2	0.4
Non-official languages	80	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	80	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	155	50	105	0.2	0.1	0.3
English and French	75	15	60	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	73,270	38,415	34,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	72,355	38,025	34,325	98.8	99.0	98.5
English	100	30	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
French	405	160	250	0.6	0.4	0.7
Non-official language	355	170	185	0.5	0.4	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	340	160	180	0.5	0.4	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	62,690	33,015	29,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	12,995	5,555	7,435	20.7	16.8	25.1
Worked outside Canada	105	95	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	8,880	6,755	2,125	14.2	20.5	7.2
Usual place of work	40,710	20,605	20,105	64.9	62.4	67.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	40,710	20,605	20,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	17,525	7,695	9,830	43.0	37.3	48.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	21,590	11,825	9,765	53.0	57.4	48.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,285	870	420	3.2	4.2	2.1
Commute to a different province or territory	315	210	95	0.8	1.0	0.5
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	49,595	27,365	22,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	46,175	25,725	20,445	93.1	94.0	92.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	44,245	24,945	19,295	89.2	91.2	86.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,930	780	1,150	3.9	2.9	5.2
Public transit	905	385	520	1.8	1.4	2.3
Walked	1,110	505	615	2.2	1.8	2.8
Bicycle	205	150	45	0.4	0.5	0.2
Other method	1,200	600	600	2.4	2.2	2.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	49,595	27,365	22,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	14,530	6,455	8,075	29.3	23.6	36.3
15 to 29 minutes	18,710	10,545	8,160	37.7	38.5	36.7
30 to 44 minutes	12,045	7,390	4,655	24.3	27.0	20.9
45 to 59 minutes	2,710	1,805	900	5.5	6.6	4.0
60 minutes and over	1,605	1,170	440	3.2	4.3	2.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	49,595	27,365	22,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,710	3,775	935	9.5	13.8	4.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,390	7,075	3,320	20.9	25.9	14.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,555	7,555	7,005	29.3	27.6	31.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,520	3,625	4,895	17.2	13.2	22.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,950	1,835	3,115	10.0	6.7	14.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,470	3,505	2,960	13.0	12.8	13.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	28,530	14,550	13,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,350	1,170	1,180	8.2	8.0	8.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	26,180	13,385	12,795	91.8	92.0	91.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	21,585	10,900	10,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,820	895	925	8.4	8.2	8.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	890	405	490	4.1	3.7	4.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	925	490	435	4.3	4.5	4.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	19,765	10,005	9,760	91.6	91.8	91.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 4, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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