Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Shelburne, County (CTY)More information: Nova Scotia [Census division]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,704	...	...
Population, 2016¹	13,966	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,904	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,473	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,462.58	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,705	6,725	6,980
0 to 14 years	1,775	875	895
0 to 4 years	550	255	295
5 to 9 years	610	305	305
10 to 14 years	615	315	295
15 to 64 years	8,230	4,120	4,110
15 to 19 years	615	330	290
20 to 24 years	570	315	250
25 to 29 years	640	330	315
30 to 34 years	655	325	335
35 to 39 years	620	280	335
40 to 44 years	705	340	365
45 to 49 years	865	430	440
50 to 54 years	975	485	495
55 to 59 years	1,240	615	630
60 to 64 years	1,345	680	665
65 years and over	3,695	1,730	1,970
65 to 69 years	1,175	555	620
70 to 74 years	1,100	545	550
75 to 79 years	595	290	300
80 to 84 years	410	195	220
85 years and over	425	150	275
85 to 89 years	265	105	155
90 to 94 years	120	35	85
95 to 99 years	35	5	25
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.0	13.0	12.8
15 to 64 years	60.1	61.3	58.9
65 years and over	27.0	25.7	28.2
85 years and over	3.1	2.2	3.9
Average age of the population	47.7	47.0	48.4
Median age of the population	52.4	51.6	52.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,470	...	...
Single-detached house	5,565	...	...
Semi-detached house	80	...	...
Row house	30	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	345	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	400	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,475	...	...
1 person	2,105	...	...
2 persons	2,785	...	...
3 persons	815	...	...
4 persons	530	...	...
5 or more persons	235	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,515	6,650	6,865
Average household size	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,930	5,845	6,080
Married or living common-law	7,275	3,640	3,640
Married	5,820	2,915	2,910
Living common-law	1,455	730	730
Living common law - Never married	940	485	455
Living common law - Separated	100	45	50
Living common law - Divorced	365	185	185
Living common law - Widowed	55	10	40
Not married and not living common-law	4,650	2,210	2,445
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,585	1,480	1,105
Not married and not living common law - Separated	355	165	185
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	770	355	415
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	945	210	735
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,265	...	...
2 persons	2,825	...	...
3 persons	775	...	...
4 persons	480	...	...
5 or more persons	185	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,270	...	...
Total couple families	3,590	...	...
Married couples	2,860	...	...
With children⁶	910	...	...
Without children	1,955	...	...
Common-law couples	730	...	...
With children⁶	295	...	...
Without children	435	...	...
Total one-parent families	675	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	530	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	145	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,515	6,650	6,865
Total - Persons in census families	10,885	5,350	5,540
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,185	3,590	3,595
Parents in one-parent families	675	140	535
Children⁶	3,025	1,610	1,415
In a two-parent family	2,030	1,080	955
In a one-parent family	995	535	465
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,630	1,305	1,330
Living alone	2,110	1,040	1,070
Living with other relatives⁷	205	90	110
Living with non-relatives only	315	175	145
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,475	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,990	...	...
Couple-family households	3,420	...	...
With children⁶	1,140	...	...
Without children	2,280	...	...
One-parent-family households	570	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	90	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	105	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	170	...	...
One-person households	2,105	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,740	5,770	5,970
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,475	5,680	5,795
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	44,400	29,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,495	5,695	5,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	38,000	27,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,565	4,920	4,645
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,200	36,400	20,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,650	4,105	3,545
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,400	36,800	22,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,095	4,950	5,145
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,300	15,200	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,380	2,170	1,210
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	9,100	6,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,150	1,700	1,455
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,740	5,800	5,940
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,515	5,710	5,805
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	51,000	33,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,515	5,710	5,805
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,440	41,680	29,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,665	4,965	4,695
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	43,840	26,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,650	4,150	3,500
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,440	43,760	27,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,115	4,950	5,165
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,160	14,920	13,460
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,440	2,270	1,175
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,080	9,830	7,620
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,090	1,655	1,435
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,730	8,450	9,050
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,740	5,800	5,940
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,360	1,155	1,210
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,400	52,800	42,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,400	61,100	46,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,310	2,485	1,820
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	29,800	15,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,000	39,600	19,240
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	70.4	74.6	63.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.7	62.3	50.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	29.7	25.3	36.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	6.5	7.6	4.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.5	5.4	8.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.6	4.8	6.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,740	5,770	5,970
Without total income	260	85	175
With total income	11,480	5,685	5,795
Under $10,000 (including loss)	940	375	570
$10,000 to $19,999	1,660	610	1,050
$20,000 to $29,999	2,270	885	1,385
$30,000 to $39,999	1,660	670	985
$40,000 to $49,999	1,495	695	795
$50,000 to $59,999	1,000	620	385
$60,000 to $69,999	700	485	220
$70,000 to $79,999	535	405	130
$80,000 to $89,999	420	310	115
$90,000 to $99,999	235	165	70
$100,000 and over	555	470	90
$100,000 to $149,999	445	370	70
$150,000 and over	115	95	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,740	5,770	5,970
Without after-tax income	240	75	165
With after-tax income	11,500	5,695	5,805
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,000	400	600
$10,000 to $19,999	1,750	645	1,110
$20,000 to $29,999	2,635	1,020	1,610
$30,000 to $39,999	2,095	955	1,145
$40,000 to $49,999	1,595	925	670
$50,000 to $59,999	960	650	310
$60,000 to $69,999	650	480	170
$70,000 to $79,999	350	240	110
$80,000 to $89,999	175	140	35
$90,000 to $99,999	105	80	25
$100,000 and over	175	150	30
$100,000 to $124,999	120	105	20
$125,000 and over	60	45	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,740	5,770	5,970
Without employment income	4,090	1,660	2,425
With employment income	7,650	4,110	3,545
Under $5,000 (including loss)	925	420	505
$5,000 to $9,999	670	295	375
$10,000 to $19,999	1,250	520	730
$20,000 to $29,999	1,125	510	615
$30,000 to $39,999	880	460	425
$40,000 to $49,999	820	475	345
$50,000 to $59,999	555	390	170
$60,000 to $69,999	395	290	110
$70,000 to $79,999	305	220	90
$80,000 to $89,999	255	165	85
$90,000 to $99,999	135	90	45
$100,000 and over	320	275	50
$100,000 to $124,999	185	150	35
$125,000 and over	135	125	15
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,740	5,770	5,970
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,300	5,595	5,705
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	45,200	25,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,305	5,595	5,710
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,800	38,800	24,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,540	4,900	4,640
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	40,800	21,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,755	4,140	3,615
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	42,800	22,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,455	4,645	4,810
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,100	12,200	10,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,275	2,110	1,165
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,400	10,300	6,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,740	5,800	5,940
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,335	5,615	5,720
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,440	54,300	30,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,335	5,615	5,720
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,160	43,200	27,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,620	4,930	4,690
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,840	50,360	26,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,760	4,190	3,570
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,600	51,120	28,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,465	4,655	4,805
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,340	12,120	10,580
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,330	2,160	1,170
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,390	10,420	7,480
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,740	5,800	5,940
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,335	1,120	1,215
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	43,200	52,400	39,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,800	62,000	42,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,200	2,440	1,765
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,200	42,400	18,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,680	51,850	22,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	77.6	81.4	71.2
Employment income (%)	65.6	70.2	57.2
Government transfers (%)	22.3	18.5	28.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	6.5	7.4	5.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,475	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,365	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,470	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,105	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,040	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,360	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,475	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	520	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	280	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	325	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	375	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	375	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	315	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	560	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	460	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	465	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	435	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	390	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,620	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	715	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	415	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	340	...	...
$200,000 and over	155	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,475	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	140	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	550	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	335	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	410	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	445	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	400	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	360	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	645	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	610	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	575	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	470	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	365	...	...
$100,000 and over	935	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	515	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	235	...	...
$150,000 and over	185	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,255	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,290	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,235	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	630	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,425	1,210	1,215
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	39,200	28,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,600	33,600	26,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,235	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,300	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,230	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	625	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,450	1,230	1,220
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,760	47,200	34,300
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,680	38,600	30,750
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,515	6,645	6,865
0 to 17 years	2,155	1,085	1,065
0 to 5 years	680	320	360
18 to 64 years	7,820	3,890	3,925
65 years and over	3,540	1,670	1,870
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,495	1,090	1,400
0 to 17 years	440	205	230
0 to 5 years	170	75	100
18 to 64 years	1,005	455	550
65 years and over	1,060	435	620
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.5	16.4	20.4
0 to 17 years (%)	20.3	19.0	21.6
0 to 5 years (%)	25.4	24.0	26.8
18 to 64 years (%)	12.8	11.6	14.1
65 years and over (%)	29.9	26.1	33.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,510	6,650	6,865
0 to 17 years	2,150	1,085	1,065
0 to 5 years	680	315	365
18 to 64 years	7,820	3,895	3,930
65 years and over	3,540	1,665	1,870
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	440	235	200
0 to 17 years	70	40	35
0 to 5 years	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	315	180	140
65 years and over	55	25	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.5	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	3.4	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.6	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.5	3.7
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,515	6,645	6,865
In bottom half of the distribution	9,030	4,280	4,755
In bottom decile	1,915	815	1,100
In second decile	2,125	970	1,155
In third decile	1,785	885	905
In fourth decile	1,670	820	850
In fifth decile	1,535	780	750
In top half of the distribution	4,480	2,370	2,110
In sixth decile	1,480	760	720
In seventh decile	1,105	590	520
In eighth decile	920	480	435
In ninth decile	630	350	280
In top decile	345	195	155
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,510	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.459	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.257	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	13,540	6,660	6,875
English only	12,850	6,410	6,440
French only	0	0	0
English and French	685	250	430
Neither English nor French	5	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	13,540	6,660	6,875
English	13,375	6,610	6,770
French	155	50	105
English and French	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	5	5	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	13,540	6,660	6,875
Single responses	13,480	6,635	6,845
Official languages	13,315	6,545	6,770
English	13,150	6,490	6,655
French	165	55	110
Non-official languages	160	85	80
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	85	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	50	45
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	30	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	35	20	15
German	30	20	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	5
Spanish	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10
Chinese languages	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	30	30
English and French	35	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	13,540	6,660	6,875
English	13,325	6,565	6,760
French	20	10	15
Non-official language	25	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	15
English and French	70	30	40
English and non-official language(s)	90	45	50
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	13,540	6,660	6,875
Single responses	13,515	6,650	6,865
Official languages	13,475	6,625	6,850
English	13,450	6,615	6,835
French	20	10	15
Non-official languages	45	30	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	30	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	5
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5
German	10	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5
Chinese languages	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15
English and French	5	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	13,535	6,660	6,875
None	13,390	6,595	6,800
English	15	10	5
French	60	25	40
Non-official language	55	25	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	30
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,515	6,645	6,865
Official languages	13,505	6,640	6,865
English	13,505	6,640	6,865
French	705	265	435
Non-official languages	320	145	175
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	145	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	205	95	115
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	85	40	45
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	70	35	30
German	70	35	30
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	0	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	20	0	20
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	20	30
Indo-Aryan languages	50	20	30
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	0	15
Hindi	20	0	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	20	45
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	65	20	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15
American Sign Language	25	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10
Chinese languages	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,515	6,645	6,870
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,120	565	550
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,060	545	515
First Nations (North American Indian)	335	170	165
Métis	725	375	345
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	0	20
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	15	20
Non-Indigenous identity	12,395	6,085	6,310
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,515	6,645	6,870
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	205	100	100
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,310	6,545	6,765
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,470	...	...
Owner	5,250	...	...
Renter	1,225	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,470	...	...
Condominium	55	...	...
Not condominium	6,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,470	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...
1 bedroom	485	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,850	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,875	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,470	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,030	...	...
5 rooms	1,220	...	...
6 rooms	1,250	...	...
7 rooms	1,185	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,790	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,470	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,450	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,470	...	...
Suitable	6,320	...	...
Not suitable	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,470	...	...
1960 or before	2,210	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,970	...	...
1981 to 1990	955	...	...
1991 to 2000	730	...	...
2001 to 2005	230	...	...
2006 to 2010	160	...	...
2011 to 2015	90	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,470	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,890	...	...
Major repairs needed	585	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,470	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,785	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,580	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	105	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,470	...	...
15 to 24 years	170	...	...
25 to 34 years	740	...	...
35 to 44 years	720	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,040	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,500	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,340	...	...
75 to 84 years	640	...	...
85 years and over	330	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,450	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,795	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	660	...	...
30% to less than 100%	585	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,470	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,280	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	575	...	...
Not suitable only	115	...	...
Major repairs needed only	480	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,190	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,375	...	...
In core need	635	...	...
Not in core need	5,740	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,235	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	41.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	548	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	705	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	174,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	205,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,220	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	23.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	702	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,515	6,650	6,865
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	485	250	240
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	485	250	240
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	250	115	135
Métis single ancestry	235	130	105
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	730	330	405
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	700	305	395
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	410	185	230
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	285	125	165
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	12,290	6,070	6,225
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,510	6,650	6,865
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	13,340	6,580	6,765
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,180	1,075	1,105
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,160	5,500	5,665
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	170	70	100
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,510	6,650	6,865
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,060	6,415	6,650
Immigrants⁸¹	420	215	205
Before 1980	185	100	85
1980 to 1990	55	35	20
1991 to 2000	35	30	0
2001 to 2010	80	25	55
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	25	35
2011 to 2015	30	0	20
2016 to 2021	35	20	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	35	25	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	420	215	205
Under 5 years	30	15	15
5 to 14 years	55	25	35
15 to 24 years	130	75	55
25 to 44 years	160	70	85
45 years and over	50	25	25
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	420	215	205
Americas	120	65	55
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	105	50	55
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0
Europe	220	120	95
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	35	25	10
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	0	20
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	140	90	55
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	75	30	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	15	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35	20	20
Americas	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	15	15	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,515	6,645	6,865
First generation¹⁰⁰	470	230	240
Second generation¹⁰¹	605	325	280
Third generation or more¹⁰²	12,435	6,095	6,345
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	235	110	120
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	105	50	60
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	70	40	30
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	35	10	25
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	110	60	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	0	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	235	110	120
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	45	25	20
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	170	85	90
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,515	6,645	6,870
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	330	135	190
South Asian	55	15	35
Chinese	15	0	10
Black	200	85	115
Filipino	15	10	10
Arab	25	15	15
Latin American	10	10	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	13,185	6,510	6,675
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,510	6,650	6,865
Canadian	3,680	1,870	1,815
English	3,380	1,635	1,750
Irish	2,025	930	1,100
Scottish	2,230	1,090	1,140
French, n.o.s.¹²²	665	280	380
German	1,005	420	575
Chinese	15	10	10
Italian	55	15	40
Indian (India)	75	35	35
Ukrainian	60	25	35
Dutch	315	130	180
Polish	55	25	30
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	355	165	185
Filipino	20	10	15
French Canadian	30	20	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,070	495	570
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	205	80	130
Métis	550	275	275
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,020	485	535
Russian	25	10	15
Norwegian	45	15	30
Welsh	355	160	190
Portuguese	95	60	35
American	180	80	95
Spanish	15	0	15
Swedish	50	10	40
Hungarian	10	0	10
Acadian	375	185	190
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	75	40	35
Jewish	50	35	20
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	15	15
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	40	30	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	10	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	10	15
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	60	30	30
Danish	30	15	15
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	220	95	120
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	20	0	15
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	240	130	110
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	0	25
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	40	30	10
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	55	30	25
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	10	10
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	15	10
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	690	350	335
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	70	35	35
New Brunswicker	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	70	30	45
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	90	30	60
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	15	0	10
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	10	10	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	15	10	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	45	25	20
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,515	6,645	6,870
Buddhist	25	10	20
Christian	7,765	3,610	4,150
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,115	550	570
Anabaptist	10	10	0
Anglican	1,035	460	575
Baptist	3,040	1,425	1,620
Catholic	825	365	460
Christian Orthodox	10	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	20	10	10
Latter Day Saints	15	0	0
Lutheran	25	0	20
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	285	140	145
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	365	160	205
Presbyterian	45	25	20
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	790	380	410
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	190	80	110
Hindu	15	0	15
Jewish	10	10	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	55	0	50
No religion and secular perspectives	5,620	3,005	2,615
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,405	6,585	6,820
Non-movers	12,395	6,125	6,270
Movers	1,010	455	550
Non-migrants	455	205	250
Migrants	550	255	300
Internal migrants	550	250	300
Intraprovincial migrants	285	130	145
Interprovincial migrants	265	115	150
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	12,985	6,385	6,600
Non-movers	9,580	4,820	4,765
Movers	3,410	1,565	1,840
Non-migrants	1,395	660	735
Migrants	2,010	905	1,100
Internal migrants	1,940	865	1,075
Intraprovincial migrants	1,215	515	700
Interprovincial migrants	730	350	380
External migrants	70	45	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,740	5,800	5,940
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,210	2,520	1,690
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,525	3,280	4,245
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,070	3,545	3,520
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,950	1,325	630
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,115	2,225	2,890
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,740	5,800	5,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,760	2,220	1,540
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,250	1,600	1,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,730	1,980	2,750
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,695	1,530	2,165
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,075	715	360
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	705	440	265
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	365	275	90
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,415	735	1,680
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	200	75	125
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,035	450	585
Bachelor's degree	745	320	425
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	40	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	0
Master's degree	200	80	120
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,065	3,545	3,520
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,730	1,185	550
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,045	1,035	1,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,295	1,330	1,965
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,605	1,040	1,565
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	670	455	215
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	440	275	165
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	230	175	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,805	540	1,265
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	45	85
Bachelor's degree or higher	690	285	400
Bachelor's degree	490	200	295
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	35	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10
Master's degree	135	45	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,740	5,800	5,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,015	3,820	3,185
Education	325	65	255
13. Education	325	65	255
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	50	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	30	35
Humanities	145	75	70
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	20	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	30	0
54. History	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	295	60	240
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	0	100
22. Legal professions and studies	60	10	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	30	0	25
45. Social sciences	80	35	40
Business, management and public administration	1,190	160	1,030
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	10	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,120	145	975
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	75	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	35	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	35	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	25	25
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	990	945	50
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10
14. Engineering	95	85	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	150	130	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	300	300	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	330	320	10
48. Precision production	110	110	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	95	45
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	60	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	35	15
Health and related fields	795	90	710
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	10	30
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	745	75	670
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	560	330	235
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	250	40	210
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	275	270	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,070	3,550	3,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,775	2,220	1,555
Education	180	35	145
13. Education	180	35	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	20	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	15	20
Humanities	80	45	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	25	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	235	35	195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	95
22. Legal professions and studies	50	0	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	55	30	30
Business, management and public administration	850	115	735
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	795	105	685
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	45	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	25	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	35	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	25	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	655	620	35
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	65	55	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	100	90	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	210	200	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	200	195	0
48. Precision production	75	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	60	45
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	35	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	30	15
Health and related fields	600	75	525
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	570	70	505
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	400	230	165
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170	15	160
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	205	200	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,070	3,550	3,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,775	2,220	1,555
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,295	1,330	1,965
Location of study inside Canada	3,135	1,260	1,875
Same as province or territory of residence	2,680	1,015	1,660
Different than province or territory of residence	455	245	210
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	155	70	85
Americas	50	15	35
United States of America	50	15	35
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	50	25	25
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	20	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	60	30	30
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	20	15	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,740	5,800	5,940
In the labour force	6,700	3,685	3,015
Employed	5,895	3,255	2,640
Unemployed	800	425	375
Not in the labour force	5,045	2,120	2,925
Participation rate	57.1	63.5	50.8
Employment rate	50.2	56.1	44.4
Unemployment rate	11.9	11.5	12.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,740	5,800	5,940
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,800	2,005	2,800
Worked	6,935	3,795	3,145
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,455	1,210	1,245
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,485	2,585	1,900
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.3	34.2	38.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,695	3,685	3,015
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	45	45
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,610	3,635	2,970
Employee	5,545	2,870	2,675
Permanent position	3,655	1,625	2,030
Temporary position	1,890	1,245	645
Fixed term (1 year or more)	215	100	115
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,675	1,145	530
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,060	765	295
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,695	3,685	3,015
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	45	45
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,610	3,635	2,970
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	710	85	620
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	125	90	40
3 Health occupations	505	60	445
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	435	90	345
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	45	55
6 Sales and service occupations	1,430	510	925
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	940	845	95
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,315	1,250	65
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,025	645	380
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,695	3,685	3,015
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	45	45
All industries¹⁹¹	6,610	3,635	2,970
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,810	1,560	250
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0
22 Utilities	25	25	0
23 Construction	200	170	30
31-33 Manufacturing	1,275	835	445
41 Wholesale trade	190	130	60
44-45 Retail trade	725	265	460
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	150	95	50
51 Information and cultural industries	45	20	25
52 Finance and insurance	100	25	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	0	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	155	50	100
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	100	55	40
61 Educational services	260	50	205
62 Health care and social assistance	740	90	655
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	25	25
72 Accommodation and food services	300	55	250
81 Other services (except public administration)	190	80	110
91 Public administration	220	80	145
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,495	4,115	3,380
English	7,405	4,085	3,320
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	75	25	50
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,495	4,115	3,380
Single responses	7,490	4,115	3,370
Official languages	7,485	4,110	3,370
English	7,470	4,110	3,360
French	15	0	15
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0
English and French	10	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,495	4,115	3,380
None	7,425	4,090	3,330
English	10	0	10
French	55	20	35
Non-official language	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,895	3,255	2,640
Worked at home	520	195	320
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	1,670	1,460	205
Usual place of work	3,700	1,590	2,110
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,705	1,590	2,110
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,050	850	1,195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,320	580	735
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	310	140	170
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,375	3,055	2,320
Car, truck or van	5,070	2,880	2,195
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,605	2,605	2,000
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	465	270	190
Public transit	0	0	0
Walked	185	95	85
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	110	70	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,375	3,055	2,320
Less than 15 minutes	2,765	1,470	1,295
15 to 29 minutes	1,630	965	665
30 to 44 minutes	590	395	195
45 to 59 minutes	175	90	85
60 minutes and over	215	140	80
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,375	3,055	2,320
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	515	430	80
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	775	460	315
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,480	715	760
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	905	325	580
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	350	80	265
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,360	1,040	320
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,200	1,105	1,090
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	50	65
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,085	1,060	1,030
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,590	825	765
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	35	45
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	25	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,510	790	725

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table