Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Robert-Cliche, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts	Rates
	Total	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	19,253	...
Population, 2016¹	19,125	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.7	0.7
Total private dwellings²	8,827	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,225	...
Population density per square kilometre	22.9	22.9
Land area in square kilometres	839.60	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	19,255	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,385	17.6
0 to 4 years	960	5.0
5 to 9 years	1,155	6.0
10 to 14 years	1,270	6.6
15 to 64 years	11,335	58.9
15 to 19 years	1,095	5.7
20 to 24 years	840	4.4
25 to 29 years	925	4.8
30 to 34 years	1,025	5.3
35 to 39 years	1,185	6.2
40 to 44 years	1,330	6.9
45 to 49 years	1,040	5.4
50 to 54 years	1,090	5.7
55 to 59 years	1,355	7.0
60 to 64 years	1,450	7.5
65 years and over	4,535	23.6
65 to 69 years	1,375	7.1
70 to 74 years	1,215	6.3
75 to 79 years	820	4.3
80 to 84 years	530	2.8
85 years and over	595	3.1
85 to 89 years	360	1.9
90 to 94 years	125	0.6
95 to 99 years	100	0.5
100 years and over	5	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	17.6
15 to 64 years	58.9	58.9
65 years and over	23.6	23.6
85 years and over	3.1	3.1
Average age of the population	43.7	43.7
Median age of the population	44.4	44.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,225	100.0
Single-detached house	6,345	77.1
Semi-detached house	350	4.3
Row house	90	1.1
Apartment or flat in a duplex	320	3.9
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	970	11.8
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	0.0
Other single-attached house	125	1.5
Movable dwelling⁴	15	0.2
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,225	100.0
1 person	2,690	32.7
2 persons	3,030	36.8
3 persons	930	11.3
4 persons	965	11.7
5 or more persons	610	7.4
Number of persons in private households	18,705	100.0
Average household size	2.3	2.3
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,870	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,660	60.9
Married	5,620	35.4
Living common-law	4,045	25.5
Living common law - Never married	3,390	21.4
Living common law - Separated	25	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	555	3.5
Living common law - Widowed	75	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	6,205	39.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,170	26.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	180	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	930	5.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	930	5.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,385	100.0
2 persons	2,975	55.2
3 persons	900	16.7
4 persons	935	17.4
5 or more persons	570	10.6
Average size of census families	2.9	2.9
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	1.9
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,390	100.0
Total couple families	4,680	86.8
Married couples	2,660	49.4
With children⁶	890	16.5
Without children	1,775	32.9
Common-law couples	2,020	37.5
With children⁶	1,220	22.6
Without children	805	14.9
Total one-parent families	705	13.1
in which the parent is a woman+	480	8.9
in which the parent is a man+	225	4.2
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	18,705	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,475	82.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,370	50.1
Parents in one-parent families	705	3.8
Children⁶	5,410	28.9
In a two-parent family	4,260	22.8
In a one-parent family	1,145	6.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,225	17.2
Living alone	2,690	14.4
Living with other relatives⁷	205	1.1
Living with non-relatives only	330	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,225	100.0
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,225	63.5
Couple-family households	4,590	55.8
With children⁶	2,055	25.0
Without children	2,535	30.8
One-parent-family households	635	7.7
Multigenerational households⁸	50	0.6
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	0.1
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	80	1.0
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	175	2.1
One-person households	2,690	32.7
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,320	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,140	98.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,140	98.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,905	90.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	31,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,390	74.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,110	85.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,500	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,195	14.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,800	4,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,685	30.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,320	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,130	98.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,960	43,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,130	98.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,910	90.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,120	36,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,390	74.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,600	36,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,100	85.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,400	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,110	13.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,165	6,165
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,680	30.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,260	6,260
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,320	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,680	37.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	47,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,450	51,450
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,520	29.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	19,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,480	25,480
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	75.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.7	62.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.4	24.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	5.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,320	100.0
Without total income	180	1.2
With total income	15,140	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	840	5.5
$10,000 to $19,999	2,155	14.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,555	16.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,065	13.6
$40,000 to $49,999	2,320	15.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,935	12.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,205	8.0
$70,000 to $79,999	730	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	495	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	280	1.8
$100,000 and over	565	3.7
$100,000 to $149,999	420	2.8
$150,000 and over	140	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,320	100.0
Without after-tax income	180	1.2
With after-tax income	15,140	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	895	5.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,250	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	2,920	19.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,940	19.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,730	18.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,610	10.6
$60,000 to $69,999	870	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	430	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	200	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	105	0.7
$100,000 and over	205	1.4
$100,000 to $124,999	120	0.8
$125,000 and over	80	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,320	100.0
Without employment income	3,935	25.7
With employment income	11,390	74.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,550	13.6
$5,000 to $9,999	915	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,495	13.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,270	11.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,545	13.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,460	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,110	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	710	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	485	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	335	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	180	1.6
$100,000 and over	335	2.9
$100,000 to $124,999	195	1.7
$125,000 and over	140	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,320	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,965	97.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,965	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,660	89.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,410	74.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,710	76.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,900	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,170	14.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,880	3,880
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,320	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,975	97.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,480	41,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,985	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,400	35,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,685	89.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,720	36,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,500	75.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,320	36,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,660	76.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,180	10,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,135	13.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,770	5,770
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,320	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,675	37.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,000	46,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	49,040	49,040
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,370	28.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	23,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,200	28,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.0	81.0
Employment income (%)	67.2	67.2
Government transfers (%)	19.1	19.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,225	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	68,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,000	60,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,690	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	39,600
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	34,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,535	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	91,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	79,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,225	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	80,800	80,800
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,200	69,200
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,655	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,480	41,480
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,880	35,880
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,575	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,600	99,600
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,100	85,100
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,225	100.0
Under $5,000	45	0.5
$5,000 to $9,999	20	0.2
$10,000 to $14,999	75	0.9
$15,000 to $19,999	155	1.9
$20,000 to $24,999	500	6.1
$25,000 to $29,999	300	3.6
$30,000 to $34,999	280	3.4
$35,000 to $39,999	485	5.9
$40,000 to $44,999	495	6.0
$45,000 to $49,999	445	5.4
$50,000 to $59,999	810	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	605	7.4
$70,000 to $79,999	530	6.4
$80,000 to $89,999	580	7.1
$90,000 to $99,999	545	6.6
$100,000 and over	2,365	28.8
$100,000 to $124,999	1,000	12.2
$125,000 to $149,999	600	7.3
$150,000 to $199,999	500	6.1
$200,000 and over	260	3.2
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,225	100.0
Under $5,000	55	0.7
$5,000 to $9,999	20	0.2
$10,000 to $14,999	75	0.9
$15,000 to $19,999	160	1.9
$20,000 to $24,999	525	6.4
$25,000 to $29,999	360	4.4
$30,000 to $34,999	400	4.9
$35,000 to $39,999	645	7.8
$40,000 to $44,999	585	7.1
$45,000 to $49,999	470	5.7
$50,000 to $59,999	815	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	650	7.9
$70,000 to $79,999	685	8.3
$80,000 to $89,999	680	8.3
$90,000 to $99,999	535	6.5
$100,000 and over	1,565	19.0
$100,000 to $124,999	840	10.2
$125,000 to $149,999	390	4.7
$150,000 and over	330	4.0
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,415	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	91,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	79,000
Average family size of economic families	2.9	2.9
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,540	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	74,500
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	66,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,110	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	119,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	102,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	4.1
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	690	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	65,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	59,200
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	2.7
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,025	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,420	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,600	99,600
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,100	85,100
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,520	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,500	81,500
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,800	69,800
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,155	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,600	130,600
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,400	110,400
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	655	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,200	70,200
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,300	62,300
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,005	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,480	41,480
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,840	35,840
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	18,705	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,070	21.8
0 to 5 years	1,170	6.3
18 to 64 years	10,590	56.6
65 years and over	4,045	21.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,980	...
0 to 17 years	280	...
0 to 5 years	80	...
18 to 64 years	765	...
65 years and over	930	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.6	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	7.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.8	6.8
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	7.2
65 years and over (%)	23.0	23.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	18,705	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,065	21.7
0 to 5 years	1,170	6.3
18 to 64 years	10,590	56.6
65 years and over	4,050	21.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	285	...
0 to 17 years	25	...
0 to 5 years	5	...
18 to 64 years	235	...
65 years and over	25	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.5	1.5
0 to 17 years (%)	0.6	0.6
0 to 5 years (%)	0.5	0.5
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	2.2
65 years and over (%)	0.7	0.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	18,705	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	11,750	62.8
In bottom decile	1,495	8.0
In second decile	2,390	12.8
In third decile	2,555	13.7
In fourth decile	2,760	14.8
In fifth decile	2,545	13.6
In top half of the distribution	6,955	37.2
In sixth decile	2,300	12.3
In seventh decile	1,870	10.0
In eighth decile	1,395	7.5
In ninth decile	915	4.9
In top decile	475	2.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	18,705	18,705
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.263	0.263
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.400	0.400
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.228	0.228
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	2.8
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,895	100.0
English only	25	0.1
French only	14,550	77.0
English and French	4,275	22.6
Neither English nor French	50	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,895	100.0
English	130	0.7
French	18,690	98.9
English and French	35	0.2
Neither English nor French	45	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,895	100.0
Single responses	18,815	99.6
Official languages	18,635	98.6
English	125	0.7
French	18,510	98.0
Non-official languages	180	1.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	180	1.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	0.1
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	0.1
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	25	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0.1
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	0.1
Merina	5	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	25	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	10	0.1
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	90	0.5
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0.0
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	5	0.0
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0.0
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	0	0.0
German	0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0.0
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	0.4
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0.1
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	75	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0.1
Shona	0	0.0
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	5	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0.0
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	80	0.4
English and French	45	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,895	100.0
English	40	0.2
French	18,355	97.1
Non-official language	65	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	0.3
English and French	315	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	85	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,895	100.0
Single responses	18,805	99.5
Official languages	18,720	99.1
English	60	0.3
French	18,660	98.8
Non-official languages	85	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0.1
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	0.1
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	10	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Merina	0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	5	0.0
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	0.3
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0.0
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	0	0.0
German	0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0.0
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	0.3
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0.0
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	50	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0.1
Shona	0	0.0
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0.0
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	95	0.5
English and French	50	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	35	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,895	100.0
None	18,535	98.1
English	260	1.4
French	30	0.2
Non-official language	45	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	0.2
English and French	0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	18,705	100.0
Official languages	18,680	99.9
English	4,280	22.9
French	18,655	99.7
Non-official languages	645	3.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	645	3.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	0.2
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	0.2
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	40	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	0.1
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	20	0.1
Merina	20	0.1
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	60	0.3
Haitian Creole	20	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	30	0.2
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	495	2.6
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	0.1
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	15	0.1
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	0.1
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	20	0.1
German	20	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0.0
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	465	2.5
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	15	0.1
Portuguese	15	0.1
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	455	2.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0.0
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,705	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	325	1.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	280	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	205	1.1
Métis	80	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	18,380	98.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,705	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	55	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,650	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,225	100.0
Owner	6,240	75.9
Renter	1,980	24.1
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	0.0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,225	100.0
Condominium	430	5.2
Not condominium	7,790	94.7
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,225	100.0
No bedrooms	10	0.1
1 bedroom	705	8.6
2 bedrooms	1,925	23.4
3 bedrooms	3,210	39.0
4 or more bedrooms	2,375	28.9
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,225	100.0
1 to 4 rooms	1,650	20.1
5 rooms	1,470	17.9
6 rooms	1,525	18.5
7 rooms	1,220	14.8
8 or more rooms	2,355	28.6
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	6.4
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,225	100.0
One person or fewer per room	8,195	99.6
More than one person per room	30	0.4
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,225	100.0
Suitable	8,150	99.1
Not suitable	75	0.9
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,225	100.0
1960 or before	2,630	32.0
1961 to 1980	2,470	30.0
1981 to 1990	900	10.9
1991 to 2000	770	9.4
2001 to 2005	380	4.6
2006 to 2010	310	3.8
2011 to 2015	305	3.7
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	455	5.5
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,225	100.0
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,855	95.5
Major repairs needed	370	4.5
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,225	100.0
One-maintainer household	4,685	57.0
Two-maintainer household	3,445	41.9
Three-or-more-maintainer household	105	1.3
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,225	100.0
15 to 24 years	180	2.2
25 to 34 years	1,015	12.3
35 to 44 years	1,440	17.5
45 to 54 years	1,320	16.0
55 to 64 years	1,615	19.6
65 to 74 years	1,580	19.2
75 to 84 years	820	10.0
85 years and over	245	3.0
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,950	100.0
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,385	92.9
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	570	7.2
30% to less than 100%	510	6.4
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,225	100.0
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	970	11.8
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	535	6.5
Not suitable only	65	0.8
Major repairs needed only	330	4.0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	0.0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	0.4
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	0.0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	0.0
Acceptable housing	7,255	88.2
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,895	100.0
In core need	145	1.8
Not in core need	7,740	98.0
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,005	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.5	51.5
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.4	5.4
% in core housing need⁶³	1.0	1.0
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	710	710
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	827	827
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	170,000	170,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	187,200	187,200
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,960	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.2	8.2
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.5	12.5
% in core housing need⁶³	4.7	4.7
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	564	564
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	589	589
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	18,705	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	400	2.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	400	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	355	1.9
Métis single ancestry	40	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	365	2.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	365	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	355	1.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,945	95.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	18,705	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	18,415	98.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,055	21.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,360	76.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	290	1.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	18,705	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	18,285	97.8
Immigrants⁸¹	210	1.1
Before 1980	60	0.3
1980 to 1990	25	0.1
1991 to 2000	10	0.1
2001 to 2010	45	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	0.3
2011 to 2015	10	0.1
2016 to 2021	60	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	210	1.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	205	100.0
Under 5 years	35	17.1
5 to 14 years	30	14.6
15 to 24 years	30	14.6
25 to 44 years	90	43.9
45 years and over	15	7.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	205	100.0
Americas	110	53.7
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0.0
Guyana	0	0.0
Haiti	15	7.3
Jamaica	0	0.0
Mexico	0	0.0
Peru	0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0.0
United States of America	40	19.5
Other places of birth in Americas	25	12.2
Europe	55	26.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0.0
Croatia	0	0.0
France	25	12.2
Germany	0	0.0
Greece	0	0.0
Hungary	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0.0
Poland	0	0.0
Portugal	0	0.0
Romania	0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	7.3
Africa	35	17.1
Algeria	0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0.0
Egypt	0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0.0
Morocco	10	4.9
Nigeria	0	0.0
Somalia	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	9.8
Asia	10	4.9
Afghanistan	0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0.0
Philippines	0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
India	0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	100.0
Americas	20	33.3
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	0	0.0
Haiti	0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0.0
Mexico	0	0.0
United States of America	0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0.0
Europe	10	16.7
France	0	0.0
Germany	0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0.0
Africa	20	33.3
Algeria	0	0.0
Burundi	0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0.0
Egypt	0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0.0
Morocco	0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0.0
Somalia	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	16.7
Asia	10	16.7
Afghanistan	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
India	0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Israel	0	0.0
Japan	0	0.0
Jordan	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0.0
Nepal	0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0.0
Philippines	0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0.0
Australia	0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	18,705	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	495	2.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	255	1.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	17,950	96.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	145	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	45	31.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	25	17.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	20	13.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	85	58.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	145	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	6.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	17.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	6.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	95	65.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	18,705	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	230	1.2
South Asian	10	0.1
Chinese	10	0.1
Black	90	0.5
Filipino	0	0.0
Arab	20	0.1
Latin American	70	0.4
Southeast Asian	0	0.0
West Asian	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	15	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,470	98.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	18,705	100.0
Canadian	8,320	44.5
English	100	0.5
Irish	435	2.3
Scottish	80	0.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,935	21.0
German	50	0.3
Chinese	0	0.0
Italian	85	0.5
Indian (India)	30	0.2
Ukrainian	10	0.1
Dutch	10	0.1
Polish	0	0.0
Québécois	2,740	14.6
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0.1
Filipino	0	0.0
French Canadian	2,485	13.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	370	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	295	1.6
Métis	50	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	80	0.4
Russian	0	0.0
Norwegian	20	0.1
Welsh	0	0.0
Portuguese	70	0.4
American	95	0.5
Spanish	95	0.5
Swedish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Acadian	100	0.5
Pakistani	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0.1
Jewish	0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Romanian	0	0.0
Lebanese	0	0.0
Iranian	0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	300	1.6
Danish	0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	90	0.5
Sikh	0	0.0
Austrian	10	0.1
Belgian	35	0.2
Haitian	20	0.1
Hindu	0	0.0
Mexican	20	0.1
Mennonite	0	0.0
Swiss	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0.0
Muslim	0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Colombian	15	0.1
Moroccan	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Syrian	0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0.0
Afghan	0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0.0
Persian	0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0.0
Algerian	20	0.1
Brazilian	0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0.0
Algonquin	70	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
South African	0	0.0
Australian	0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0.0
Chilean	0	0.0
Congolese	0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0.0
Berber	15	0.1
Albanian	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0.0
New Brunswicker	10	0.1
Gujarati	0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0.0
Israeli	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Albertan	0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0.0
African American	0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0.0
Tunisian	20	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0.0
Cuban	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	0.1
Latvian	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Laotian	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Jatt	0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Dominican	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0.0
Abenaki	115	0.6
Moldovan	0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	0.1
New Zealander	0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0.0
Breton	50	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	85	0.5
Saskatchewanian	0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0.0
Norman	85	0.5
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0.0
Burundian	0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0.0
Nicaraguan	15	0.1
Mauritian	15	0.1
Kenyan	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0.0
Malayali	0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0.0
Mayan	0	0.0
Honduran	0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0.0
Flemish	0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Goan	0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Azorean	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0.0
Central African	0	0.0
Libyan	0	0.0
Basque	0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0.0
Igorot	0	0.0
Fulani	0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0.0
Guinean	0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0.0
Beninese	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Roma	0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0.0
Karen	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Tajik	0	0.0
Amhara	0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	18,705	100.0
Buddhist	45	0.2
Christian	15,720	84.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,250	6.7
Anabaptist	0	0.0
Anglican	0	0.0
Baptist	35	0.2
Catholic	14,355	76.7
Christian Orthodox	0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	15	0.1
Latter Day Saints	0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0.0
Reformed	0	0.0
United Church	0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	45	0.2
Hindu	0	0.0
Jewish	0	0.0
Muslim	55	0.3
Sikh	0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	2,840	15.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	18,545	100.0
Non-movers	17,255	93.0
Movers	1,285	6.9
Non-migrants	730	3.9
Migrants	560	3.0
Internal migrants	555	3.0
Intraprovincial migrants	525	2.8
Interprovincial migrants	30	0.2
External migrants	0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	17,760	100.0
Non-movers	13,305	74.9
Movers	4,455	25.1
Non-migrants	1,500	8.4
Migrants	2,955	16.6
Internal migrants	2,760	15.5
Intraprovincial migrants	2,685	15.1
Interprovincial migrants	70	0.4
External migrants	190	1.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,320	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,370	28.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,950	71.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,365	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,835	19.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,530	80.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,320	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,850	25.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,585	23.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,885	51.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,370	41.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,595	23.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,665	17.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	940	6.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,440	15.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	330	2.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,515	9.9
Bachelor's degree	1,180	7.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	0.2
Master's degree	160	1.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,360	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,445	15.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,835	19.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,080	65.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,850	51.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,885	30.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,140	22.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	740	7.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,740	18.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	2.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,230	13.1
Bachelor's degree	950	10.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0.2
Master's degree	140	1.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,325	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,440	48.5
Education	775	5.1
13. Education	775	5.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	215	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	0.5
50. Visual and performing arts	135	0.9
Humanities	285	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	0.2
54. History	0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	365	2.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	0.9
22. Legal professions and studies	70	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	0.4
45. Social sciences	65	0.4
Business, management and public administration	1,645	10.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	0.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,575	10.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	40	0.3
40. Physical sciences	40	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	0.8
25. Library science	0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,230	14.6
04. Architecture and related services	35	0.2
14. Engineering	125	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	390	2.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0.0
46. Construction trades	640	4.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	570	3.7
48. Precision production	465	3.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	425	2.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	390	2.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	0.3
Health and related fields	1,020	6.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	970	6.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	680	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	450	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	165	1.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,365	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,285	35.1
Education	555	5.9
13. Education	555	5.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	120	1.3
Humanities	185	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	0.2
54. History	0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	295	3.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	55	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0.0
42. Psychology	45	0.5
45. Social sciences	45	0.5
Business, management and public administration	1,375	14.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,305	13.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0.2
40. Physical sciences	40	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	1.1
25. Library science	0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,780	19.0
04. Architecture and related services	35	0.4
14. Engineering	105	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	300	3.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0.0
46. Construction trades	465	5.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	480	5.1
48. Precision production	400	4.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	295	3.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	270	2.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	0.3
Health and related fields	695	7.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	665	7.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	545	5.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	370	4.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	45	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	1.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,365	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,285	35.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,080	64.9
Location of study inside Canada	5,930	63.3
Same as province or territory of residence	5,870	62.7
Different than province or territory of residence	60	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	150	1.6
Americas	40	0.4
United States of America	15	0.2
Mexico	0	0.0
Cuba	0	0.0
Haiti	0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0.0
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	0	0.0
Peru	0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	30	0.3
Europe	40	0.4
Belgium	0	0.0
France	35	0.4
Germany	0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0.0
Hungary	0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0.0
Poland	0	0.0
Romania	0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0.0
Africa	55	0.6
Nigeria	0	0.0
Algeria	10	0.1
Morocco	0	0.0
Tunisia	10	0.1
Egypt	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	0.3
Asia	10	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Israel	0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
Japan	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Philippines	0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
India	0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0.0
Oceania	0	0.0
Australia	0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,320	...
In the labour force	10,180	...
Employed	9,735	...
Unemployed	445	...
Not in the labour force	5,145	...
Participation rate	66.4	66.4
Employment rate	63.5	63.5
Unemployment rate	4.4	4.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,325	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,845	31.6
Worked	10,470	68.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,805	37.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,670	30.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,180	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	1.2
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,055	98.8
Employee	8,575	84.2
Permanent position	7,290	71.6
Temporary position	1,290	12.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	400	3.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	885	8.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,480	14.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,180	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	1.2
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,055	98.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	185	1.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,440	14.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	420	4.1
3 Health occupations	630	6.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	990	9.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135	1.3
6 Sales and service occupations	2,270	22.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,180	21.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	620	6.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,185	11.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,180	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	1.2
All industries¹⁹¹	10,055	98.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	735	7.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	0.1
22 Utilities	40	0.4
23 Construction	985	9.7
31-33 Manufacturing	2,480	24.4
41 Wholesale trade	225	2.2
44-45 Retail trade	1,185	11.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	355	3.5
51 Information and cultural industries	95	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	220	2.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	0.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	310	3.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	245	2.4
61 Educational services	680	6.7
62 Health care and social assistance	1,305	12.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	50	0.5
72 Accommodation and food services	400	3.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	420	4.1
91 Public administration	275	2.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,020	100.0
English	30	0.3
French	10,310	93.6
Non-official language	0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0.0
English and French	635	5.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,020	100.0
Single responses	10,925	99.1
Official languages	10,920	99.1
English	155	1.4
French	10,760	97.6
Non-official languages	10	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0.0
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0.1
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0.0
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	0	0.0
German	0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0.1
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0.0
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	10	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0.0
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	100	0.9
English and French	90	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,020	100.0
None	10,445	94.8
English	420	3.8
French	120	1.1
Non-official language	0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0.0
English and French	0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,730	100.0
Worked at home	1,365	14.0
Worked outside Canada	10	0.1
No fixed workplace address	1,050	10.8
Usual place of work	7,310	75.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,310	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,000	41.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,330	18.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,980	40.8
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,360	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,780	93.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,390	88.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	390	4.7
Public transit	15	0.2
Walked	470	5.6
Bicycle	20	0.2
Other method	75	0.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,360	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,790	45.3
15 to 29 minutes	2,875	34.4
30 to 44 minutes	1,015	12.1
45 to 59 minutes	305	3.6
60 minutes and over	380	4.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,360	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	695	8.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,845	22.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,620	31.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,350	16.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	485	5.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,365	16.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,145	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	175	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,975	95.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,115	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145	4.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	3.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	1.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,970	95.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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