Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Conception Bay South, Town (T)More information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	27,168
Population, 2016¹	26,199
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.7
Total private dwellings²	11,364
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	10,711
Population density per square kilometre	454.9
Land area in square kilometres	59.72
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	27,165
0 to 14 years	4,455
0 to 4 years	1,265
5 to 9 years	1,505
10 to 14 years	1,685
15 to 64 years	17,950
15 to 19 years	1,540
20 to 24 years	1,350
25 to 29 years	1,460
30 to 34 years	1,770
35 to 39 years	1,840
40 to 44 years	1,885
45 to 49 years	2,075
50 to 54 years	2,080
55 to 59 years	2,110
60 to 64 years	1,845
65 years and over	4,765
65 to 69 years	1,630
70 to 74 years	1,415
75 to 79 years	910
80 to 84 years	470
85 years and over	335
85 to 89 years	220
90 to 94 years	95
95 to 99 years	20
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.4
15 to 64 years	66.1
65 years and over	17.5
85 years and over	1.2
Average age of the population	41.8
Median age of the population	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,710
Single-detached house	8,190
Semi-detached house	125
Row house	105
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,090
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	170
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	20
Movable dwelling⁴	5
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,710
1 person	2,260
2 persons	4,015
3 persons	2,050
4 persons	1,805
5 or more persons	580
Number of persons in private households	26,755
Average household size	2.5
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	22,715
Married or living common-law	14,340
Married	11,415
Living common-law	2,930
Living common law - Never married	2,195
Living common law - Separated	100
Living common law - Divorced	570
Living common law - Widowed	65
Not married and not living common-law	8,370
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,510
Not married and not living common law - Separated	505
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,200
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,160
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	8,355
2 persons	4,240
3 persons	2,040
4 persons	1,705
5 or more persons	375
Average size of census families	2.8
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	8,360
Total couple families	7,090
Married couples	5,625
With children⁶	3,000
Without children	2,630
Common-law couples	1,465
With children⁶	650
Without children	815
Total one-parent families	1,265
in which the parent is a woman+	965
in which the parent is a man+	295
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	26,750
Total - Persons in census families	23,370
Married spouses or common-law partners	14,185
Parents in one-parent families	1,265
Children⁶	7,920
In a two-parent family	6,070
In a one-parent family	1,850
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,380
Living alone	2,265
Living with other relatives⁷	555
Living with non-relatives only	560
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,710
One-census-family households without additional persons	7,550
Couple-family households	6,560
With children⁶	3,380
Without children	3,180
One-parent-family households	990
Multigenerational households⁸	310
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	285
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	260
One-person households	2,265
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	22,300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,520
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,525
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,865
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,005
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,580
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,495
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,550
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	22,300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,530
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,535
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,795
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,005
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,545
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,385
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,290
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,490
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	22,305
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,465
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,810
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	22,305
Without total income	785
With total income	21,525
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,610
$10,000 to $19,999	2,330
$20,000 to $29,999	3,090
$30,000 to $39,999	2,630
$40,000 to $49,999	2,620
$50,000 to $59,999	2,110
$60,000 to $69,999	1,695
$70,000 to $79,999	1,280
$80,000 to $89,999	1,055
$90,000 to $99,999	815
$100,000 and over	2,285
$100,000 to $149,999	1,595
$150,000 and over	690
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	22,305
Without after-tax income	775
With after-tax income	21,530
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,685
$10,000 to $19,999	2,450
$20,000 to $29,999	3,695
$30,000 to $39,999	3,300
$40,000 to $49,999	3,150
$50,000 to $59,999	2,350
$60,000 to $69,999	1,630
$70,000 to $79,999	1,190
$80,000 to $89,999	705
$90,000 to $99,999	425
$100,000 and over	950
$100,000 to $124,999	480
$125,000 and over	470
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	22,305
Without employment income	6,300
With employment income	16,000
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,950
$5,000 to $9,999	1,110
$10,000 to $19,999	1,640
$20,000 to $29,999	1,390
$30,000 to $39,999	1,395
$40,000 to $49,999	1,505
$50,000 to $59,999	1,425
$60,000 to $69,999	1,205
$70,000 to $79,999	935
$80,000 to $89,999	830
$90,000 to $99,999	720
$100,000 and over	1,885
$100,000 to $124,999	920
$125,000 and over	960
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	22,300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,040
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,065
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,705
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,150
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,505
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,255
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	22,300
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,060
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,090
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,725
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,240
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,250
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,515
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,730
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,200
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	22,305
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,410
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,430
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	87.6
Employment income (%)	77.4
Government transfers (%)	12.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,710
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	94,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,265
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,445
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,710
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	109,400
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,265
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,250
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,520
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,445
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	124,900
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,400
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,710
Under $5,000	45
$5,000 to $9,999	40
$10,000 to $14,999	100
$15,000 to $19,999	125
$20,000 to $24,999	375
$25,000 to $29,999	290
$30,000 to $34,999	330
$35,000 to $39,999	375
$40,000 to $44,999	375
$45,000 to $49,999	365
$50,000 to $59,999	670
$60,000 to $69,999	660
$70,000 to $79,999	680
$80,000 to $89,999	655
$90,000 to $99,999	665
$100,000 and over	4,955
$100,000 to $124,999	1,430
$125,000 to $149,999	1,140
$150,000 to $199,999	1,330
$200,000 and over	1,055
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,710
Under $5,000	50
$5,000 to $9,999	45
$10,000 to $14,999	105
$15,000 to $19,999	130
$20,000 to $24,999	410
$25,000 to $29,999	340
$30,000 to $34,999	390
$35,000 to $39,999	440
$40,000 to $44,999	470
$45,000 to $49,999	380
$50,000 to $59,999	870
$60,000 to $69,999	855
$70,000 to $79,999	910
$80,000 to $89,999	805
$90,000 to $99,999	775
$100,000 and over	3,755
$100,000 to $124,999	1,545
$125,000 to $149,999	975
$150,000 and over	1,235
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	8,265
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000
Average family size of economic families	2.9
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,200
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,705
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,165
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,825
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	8,240
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	124,800
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,200
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,160
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,600
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,500
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,750
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	154,400
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,800
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,135
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,600
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,800
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,865
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,440
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	26,750
0 to 17 years	5,380
0 to 5 years	1,555
18 to 64 years	16,885
65 years and over	4,485
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,170
0 to 17 years	450
0 to 5 years	135
18 to 64 years	1,040
65 years and over	675
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.1
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2
65 years and over (%)	15.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	26,750
0 to 17 years	5,375
0 to 5 years	1,550
18 to 64 years	16,885
65 years and over	4,490
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	665
0 to 17 years	150
0 to 5 years	40
18 to 64 years	460
65 years and over	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.7
65 years and over (%)	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	26,750
In bottom half of the distribution	12,170
In bottom decile	1,740
In second decile	2,370
In third decile	2,690
In fourth decile	2,680
In fifth decile	2,690
In top half of the distribution	14,580
In sixth decile	3,030
In seventh decile	3,225
In eighth decile	3,185
In ninth decile	2,900
In top decile	2,245
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	26,750
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.403
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.256
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	27,010
English only	25,160
French only	0
English and French	1,840
Neither English nor French	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	27,010
English	26,930
French	75
English and French	0
Neither English nor French	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	27,010
Single responses	26,910
Official languages	26,735
English	26,655
French	80
Non-official languages	180
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	175
Afro-Asiatic languages	5
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	5
Amharic	0
Arabic	5
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	25
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	110
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	20
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	10
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	30
Frisian	0
High German languages	20
German	15
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	10
Danish	5
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15
Indo-Aryan languages	15
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	5
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35
Catalan	0
Italian	5
Portuguese	15
Romanian	0
Spanish	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30
Chinese languages	30
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	100
English and French	65
English and non-official language(s)	30
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	27,010
English	26,655
French	20
Non-official language	45
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	45
English and French	155
English and non-official language(s)	125
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	27,010
Single responses	26,980
Official languages	26,915
English	26,885
French	30
Non-official languages	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	30
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	20
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	15
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	5
Frisian	0
High German languages	5
German	5
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	15
American Sign Language	10
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	10
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	30
English and French	15
English and non-official language(s)	20
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	27,010
None	26,750
English	15
French	130
Non-official language	90
Indigenous³⁹	10
Non-Indigenous	80
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	26,750
Official languages	26,735
English	26,730
French	1,835
Non-official languages	315
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	310
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	35
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	15
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	205
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	15
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	60
Frisian	0
High German languages	50
German	45
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20
Indo-Aryan languages	20
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105
Catalan	0
Italian	10
Portuguese	25
Romanian	0
Spanish	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	35
American Sign Language	35
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25
Chinese languages	25
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,750
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	955
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	875
First Nations (North American Indian)	520
Métis	230
Inuk (Inuit)	120
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	65
Non-Indigenous identity	25,800
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,750
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	265
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	26,485
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,710
Owner	8,815
Renter	1,900
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,710
Condominium	135
Not condominium	10,575
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,710
No bedrooms	0
1 bedroom	355
2 bedrooms	1,995
3 bedrooms	5,190
4 or more bedrooms	3,165
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,710
1 to 4 rooms	1,290
5 rooms	1,390
6 rooms	1,825
7 rooms	1,765
8 or more rooms	4,435
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,710
One person or fewer per room	10,695
More than one person per room	10
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,710
Suitable	10,580
Not suitable	130
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,710
1960 or before	790
1961 to 1980	2,180
1981 to 1990	1,800
1991 to 2000	1,705
2001 to 2005	965
2006 to 2010	1,335
2011 to 2015	1,145
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	795
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,710
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,405
Major repairs needed	310
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,710
One-maintainer household	4,770
Two-maintainer household	5,645
Three-or-more-maintainer household	295
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,710
15 to 24 years	140
25 to 34 years	1,490
35 to 44 years	1,975
45 to 54 years	2,225
55 to 64 years	2,180
65 to 74 years	1,700
75 to 84 years	850
85 years and over	140
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	10,670
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,025
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,650
30% to less than 100%	1,560
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,710
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,025
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,590
Not suitable only	115
Major repairs needed only	250
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	8,690
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	10,590
In core need	760
Not in core need	9,825
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,795
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.4
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.8
% in core housing need⁶³	3.6
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,430
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,390
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	324,800
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,895
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.7
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.3
% in core housing need⁶³	23.5
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,042
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	26,755
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	465
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	460
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	325
Métis single ancestry	85
Inuit single ancestry	45
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,005
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	985
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	695
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	175
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	115
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	25,285
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	26,750
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	26,570
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,355
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,215
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	180
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	26,750
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	26,320
Immigrants⁸¹	395
Before 1980	135
1980 to 1990	30
1991 to 2000	20
2001 to 2010	90
2011 to 2021⁸²	120
2011 to 2015	65
2016 to 2021	50
Non-permanent residents⁸³	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	395
Under 5 years	55
5 to 14 years	80
15 to 24 years	60
25 to 44 years	175
45 years and over	30
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	395
Americas	85
Brazil	15
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	10
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	45
Other places of birth in Americas	15
Europe	210
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	10
Germany	15
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	0
Poland	0
Portugal	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	135
Other places of birth in Europe	40
Africa	40
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	10
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10
Asia	60
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	30
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	55
Americas	20
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	20
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	10
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	10
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	10
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	10
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	26,750
First generation¹⁰⁰	565
Second generation¹⁰¹	950
Third generation or more¹⁰²	25,240
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	260
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	125
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	60
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	65
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	125
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	260
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	70
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	130
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	26,750
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	275
South Asian	50
Chinese	45
Black	85
Filipino	35
Arab	0
Latin American	30
Southeast Asian	0
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	26,475
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	26,750
Canadian	7,255
English	10,405
Irish	7,840
Scottish	2,040
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,095
German	425
Chinese	45
Italian	120
Indian (India)	25
Ukrainian	60
Dutch	105
Polish	20
Québécois	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	935
Filipino	40
French Canadian	35
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,635
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	190
Métis	290
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	385
Russian	0
Norwegian	120
Welsh	425
Portuguese	55
American	130
Spanish	35
Swedish	65
Hungarian	0
Acadian	85
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10
Jewish	0
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	30
Jamaican	30
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20
Korean	0
Romanian	0
Lebanese	15
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	135
Danish	50
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	70
Sikh	0
Austrian	15
Belgian	55
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	10
Mennonite	0
Swiss	30
Finnish	0
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	535
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	45
Muslim	0
Egyptian	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	0
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	0
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	1,855
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	15
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	180
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	20
Nigerian	20
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	0
Australian	0
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	50
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	50
New Brunswicker	20
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	30
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	10
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	190
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	26,750
Buddhist	0
Christian	21,890
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	670
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	8,440
Baptist	80
Catholic	7,720
Christian Orthodox	15
Jehovah's Witness	220
Latter Day Saints	25
Lutheran	25
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	1,035
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	645
Presbyterian	40
Reformed	0
United Church	2,720
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	260
Hindu	0
Jewish	0
Muslim	0
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45
No religion and secular perspectives	4,785
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	26,490
Non-movers	24,305
Movers	2,185
Non-migrants	1,145
Migrants	1,040
Internal migrants	1,010
Intraprovincial migrants	630
Interprovincial migrants	380
External migrants	30
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	25,490
Non-movers	17,875
Movers	7,615
Non-migrants	3,035
Migrants	4,575
Internal migrants	4,465
Intraprovincial migrants	3,500
Interprovincial migrants	965
External migrants	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	22,300
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,735
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	18,565
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,930
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,455
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,475
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	22,300
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,310
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,115
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,425
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,200
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,230
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,300
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	550
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,835
Bachelor's degree	2,725
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35
Master's degree	845
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,935
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,165
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,550
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,450
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,865
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	890
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	980
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,175
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	405
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,100
Bachelor's degree	2,185
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25
Master's degree	720
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	22,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,190
Education	945
13. Education	945
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	185
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25
50. Visual and performing arts	155
Humanities	375
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30
23. English language and literature/letters	80
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	50
54. History	60
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	805
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	190
22. Legal professions and studies	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	190
45. Social sciences	285
Business, management and public administration	3,015
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	185
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,830
Physical and life sciences and technologies	375
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	110
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	500
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	450
25. Library science	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,580
04. Architecture and related services	20
14. Engineering	335
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,035
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	1,020
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	750
48. Precision production	425
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	265
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	170
03. Natural resources and conservation	90
Health and related fields	1,755
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,645
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,305
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	595
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	155
49. Transportation and materials moving	555
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,930
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,380
Education	675
13. Education	675
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15
50. Visual and performing arts	135
Humanities	245
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25
23. English language and literature/letters	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	20
54. History	45
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	665
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	170
22. Legal professions and studies	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	140
45. Social sciences	240
Business, management and public administration	2,425
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	145
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,280
Physical and life sciences and technologies	280
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	95
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	470
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	420
25. Library science	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,845
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	280
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	825
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	845
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	545
48. Precision production	335
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	245
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	155
03. Natural resources and conservation	90
Health and related fields	1,440
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,345
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,105
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	500
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	135
49. Transportation and materials moving	470
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	14,930
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,380
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	10,550
Location of study inside Canada	10,350
Same as province or territory of residence	9,155
Different than province or territory of residence	1,195
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	200
Americas	55
United States of America	40
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	95
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10
Africa	15
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	25
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	10
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	10
Australia	10
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	22,300
In the labour force	14,500
Employed	12,910
Unemployed	1,590
Not in the labour force	7,800
Participation rate	65.0
Employment rate	57.9
Unemployment rate	11.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	22,300
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,710
Worked	14,590
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,560
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,025
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	14,500
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	335
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	14,165
Employee	12,885
Permanent position	10,265
Temporary position	2,620
Fixed term (1 year or more)	710
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,910
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,280
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	14,500
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	335
All occupations¹⁹¹	14,165
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	145
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,505
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,170
3 Health occupations	1,170
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,770
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	265
6 Sales and service occupations	3,255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,185
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	310
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	390
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	14,500
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	335
All industries¹⁹¹	14,165
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	160
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	495
22 Utilities	215
23 Construction	1,560
31-33 Manufacturing	540
41 Wholesale trade	405
44-45 Retail trade	1,720
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	775
51 Information and cultural industries	175
52 Finance and insurance	345
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	160
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	885
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	465
61 Educational services	915
62 Health care and social assistance	2,100
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	245
72 Accommodation and food services	700
81 Other services (except public administration)	700
91 Public administration	1,595
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	15,390
English	15,200
French	20
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	150
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	15,390
Single responses	15,360
Official languages	15,355
English	15,285
French	70
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	30
English and French	30
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	15,390
None	15,260
English	45
French	75
Non-official language	10
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	10
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	12,905
Worked at home	2,095
Worked outside Canada	40
No fixed workplace address	2,020
Usual place of work	8,755
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,755
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,585
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,990
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	80
Commute to a different province or territory	90
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	10,775
Car, truck or van	10,060
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,280
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	785
Public transit	80
Walked	205
Bicycle	0
Other method	430
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	10,775
Less than 15 minutes	3,205
15 to 29 minutes	5,365
30 to 44 minutes	1,740
45 to 59 minutes	145
60 minutes and over	315
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	10,775
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	415
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,590
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,810
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,680
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	890
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,380
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,475
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	160
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,320
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,110
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,990

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 11, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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