Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Stratford, Town (T)More information: Prince Edward Island [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	10,927
Population, 2016¹	9,711^r
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	12.5
Total private dwellings²	4,667
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,307
Population density per square kilometre	482.0
Land area in square kilometres	22.67
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	10,925
0 to 14 years	2,070
0 to 4 years	570
5 to 9 years	715
10 to 14 years	780
15 to 64 years	6,850
15 to 19 years	635
20 to 24 years	690
25 to 29 years	610
30 to 34 years	670
35 to 39 years	735
40 to 44 years	770
45 to 49 years	790
50 to 54 years	690
55 to 59 years	695
60 to 64 years	575
65 years and over	2,005
65 to 69 years	620
70 to 74 years	615
75 to 79 years	380
80 to 84 years	220
85 years and over	170
85 to 89 years	110
90 to 94 years	40
95 to 99 years	25
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.9
15 to 64 years	62.7
65 years and over	18.4
85 years and over	1.6
Average age of the population	40.3
Median age of the population	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,305
Single-detached house	2,825
Semi-detached house	375
Row house	155
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	875
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	45
Other single-attached house	0
Movable dwelling⁴	5
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,310
1 person	1,000
2 persons	1,565
3 persons	705
4 persons	705
5 or more persons	330
Number of persons in private households	10,850
Average household size	2.5
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,860
Married or living common-law	5,560
Married	4,685
Living common-law	875
Living common law - Never married	635
Living common law - Separated	45
Living common law - Divorced	180
Living common law - Widowed	15
Not married and not living common-law	3,305
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,210
Not married and not living common law - Separated	195
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	440
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	455
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,175
2 persons	1,580
3 persons	670
4 persons	655
5 or more persons	270
Average size of census families	2.9
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,175
Total couple families	2,730
Married couples	2,290
With children⁶	1,260
Without children	1,030
Common-law couples	440
With children⁶	160
Without children	275
Total one-parent families	450
in which the parent is a woman+	350
in which the parent is a man+	95
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	10,845
Total - Persons in census families	9,215
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,455
Parents in one-parent families	445
Children⁶	3,315
In a two-parent family	2,640
In a one-parent family	680
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,635
Living alone	995
Living with other relatives⁷	165
Living with non-relatives only	470
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,305
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,910
Couple-family households	2,540
With children⁶	1,335
Without children	1,205
One-parent-family households	370
Multigenerational households⁸	70
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	110
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	195
One-person households	995
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,780
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,425
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,450
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,930
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,385
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,350
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,090
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,075
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,735
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,400
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,250
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,435
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,920
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,335
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,370
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,470
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,090
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,095
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,380
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,735
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,380
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,315
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,480
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,780
Without total income	360
With total income	8,425
Under $10,000 (including loss)	635
$10,000 to $19,999	790
$20,000 to $29,999	1,170
$30,000 to $39,999	1,090
$40,000 to $49,999	940
$50,000 to $59,999	840
$60,000 to $69,999	715
$70,000 to $79,999	560
$80,000 to $89,999	420
$90,000 to $99,999	325
$100,000 and over	930
$100,000 to $149,999	605
$150,000 and over	325
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,780
Without after-tax income	335
With after-tax income	8,445
Under $10,000 (including loss)	715
$10,000 to $19,999	855
$20,000 to $29,999	1,400
$30,000 to $39,999	1,320
$40,000 to $49,999	1,145
$50,000 to $59,999	1,005
$60,000 to $69,999	650
$70,000 to $79,999	485
$80,000 to $89,999	265
$90,000 to $99,999	165
$100,000 and over	430
$100,000 to $124,999	195
$125,000 and over	235
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,780
Without employment income	2,395
With employment income	6,385
Under $5,000 (including loss)	785
$5,000 to $9,999	555
$10,000 to $19,999	725
$20,000 to $29,999	580
$30,000 to $39,999	570
$40,000 to $49,999	520
$50,000 to $59,999	520
$60,000 to $69,999	455
$70,000 to $79,999	400
$80,000 to $89,999	335
$90,000 to $99,999	265
$100,000 and over	675
$100,000 to $124,999	315
$125,000 and over	355
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,780
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,270
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,275
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,820
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,445
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,570
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,010
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,450
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,735
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,280
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,650
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,285
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,820
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,480
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,580
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,910
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	940
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,735
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,355
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,195
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	88.8
Employment income (%)	71.6
Government transfers (%)	11.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,310
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	995
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,310
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,295
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	110,000
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,400
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	990
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,800
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,500
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,305
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,200
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,100
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,310
Under $5,000	45
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	30
$15,000 to $19,999	60
$20,000 to $24,999	125
$25,000 to $29,999	100
$30,000 to $34,999	120
$35,000 to $39,999	120
$40,000 to $44,999	145
$45,000 to $49,999	165
$50,000 to $59,999	300
$60,000 to $69,999	320
$70,000 to $79,999	290
$80,000 to $89,999	280
$90,000 to $99,999	260
$100,000 and over	1,925
$100,000 to $124,999	555
$125,000 to $149,999	420
$150,000 to $199,999	505
$200,000 and over	445
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,310
Under $5,000	55
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	35
$15,000 to $19,999	55
$20,000 to $24,999	135
$25,000 to $29,999	135
$30,000 to $34,999	125
$35,000 to $39,999	180
$40,000 to $44,999	200
$45,000 to $49,999	185
$50,000 to $59,999	400
$60,000 to $69,999	355
$70,000 to $79,999	355
$80,000 to $89,999	350
$90,000 to $99,999	270
$100,000 and over	1,450
$100,000 to $124,999	575
$125,000 to $149,999	350
$150,000 and over	525
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,155
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000
Average family size of economic families	3.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,230
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,430
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	420
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,470
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,135
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	128,200
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,700
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,175
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,600
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,460
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	155,800
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,700
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	420
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	83,200
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,400
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,440
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,280
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	10,850
0 to 17 years	2,480
0 to 5 years	700
18 to 64 years	6,435
65 years and over	1,935
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,025
0 to 17 years	280
0 to 5 years	70
18 to 64 years	560
65 years and over	180
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.5
0 to 17 years (%)	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.8
65 years and over (%)	9.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	10,845
0 to 17 years	2,475
0 to 5 years	695
18 to 64 years	6,435
65 years and over	1,935
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	475
0 to 17 years	135
0 to 5 years	30
18 to 64 years	310
65 years and over	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9
65 years and over (%)	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	10,850
In bottom half of the distribution	5,150
In bottom decile	945
In second decile	950
In third decile	1,015
In fourth decile	1,105
In fifth decile	1,130
In top half of the distribution	5,700
In sixth decile	1,230
In seventh decile	1,245
In eighth decile	1,190
In ninth decile	985
In top decile	1,055
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	10,845
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.323
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.408
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	10,850
English only	8,960
French only	10
English and French	1,760
Neither English nor French	125
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	10,850
English	10,485
French	210
English and French	45
Neither English nor French	115
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	10,850
Single responses	10,615
Official languages	9,285
English	9,090
French	200
Non-official languages	1,325
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,325
Afro-Asiatic languages	90
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	90
Amharic	0
Arabic	85
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	30
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	50
Kannada	0
Malayalam	45
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	415
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	60
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	5
Czech	10
Macedonian	0
Polish	5
Russian	25
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	5
Bosnian	5
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	60
Frisian	0
High German languages	20
German	15
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35
Afrikaans	5
Dutch	25
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	210
Indo-Aryan languages	155
Assamese	0
Bengali	5
Gujarati	20
Hindi	35
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5
Urdu	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	60
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	60
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	55
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75
Catalan	0
Italian	5
Portuguese	15
Romanian	5
Spanish	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	30
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	10
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	640
Chinese languages	635
Hakka	0
Mandarin	550
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	5
Yue (Cantonese)	65
Chinese, n.o.s.	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5
Burmese	5
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	15
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	15
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	5
Finnish	0
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	235
English and French	70
English and non-official language(s)	140
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	10,850
English	9,210
French	60
Non-official language	570
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	570
English and French	185
English and non-official language(s)	745
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	40
Multiple non-official languages	35
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	10,850
Single responses	10,650
Official languages	9,695
English	9,600
French	95
Non-official languages	950
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	950
Afro-Asiatic languages	55
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	55
Amharic	0
Arabic	55
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	35
Kannada	0
Malayalam	30
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	220
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	25
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	15
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	5
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	135
Indo-Aryan languages	85
Assamese	0
Bengali	5
Gujarati	0
Hindi	20
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	50
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	50
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	50
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	10
Romanian	0
Spanish	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	20
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	10
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	555
Chinese languages	550
Hakka	0
Mandarin	495
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	15
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	15
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	205
English and French	25
English and non-official language(s)	160
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	10,850
None	10,000
English	340
French	130
Non-official language	275
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	275
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	40
French and non-official language(s)	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	35
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	10,850
Official languages	10,755
English	10,750
French	1,830
Non-official languages	1,660
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,655
Afro-Asiatic languages	100
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	10
Hausa	10
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	90
Amharic	0
Arabic	85
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	25
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	85
Kannada	0
Malayalam	65
Tamil	40
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	630
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	100
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	25
Czech	45
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	15
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	95
Frisian	0
High German languages	65
German	50
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	15
Danish	15
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	280
Indo-Aryan languages	235
Assamese	0
Bengali	20
Gujarati	30
Hindi	120
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	30
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	20
Iranian languages	50
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	50
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	50
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	160
Catalan	0
Italian	20
Portuguese	30
Romanian	0
Spanish	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	65
Korean	35
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	40
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	10
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	700
Chinese languages	700
Hakka	0
Mandarin	675
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	20
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	15
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,850
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	160
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	160
First Nations (North American Indian)	105
Métis	45
Inuk (Inuit)	10
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	10,685
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,850
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	50
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,800
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,295
Owner	3,050
Renter	1,245
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,295
Condominium	400
Not condominium	3,895
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,295
No bedrooms	0
1 bedroom	180
2 bedrooms	1,280
3 bedrooms	1,430
4 or more bedrooms	1,415
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,295
1 to 4 rooms	1,095
5 rooms	615
6 rooms	565
7 rooms	510
8 or more rooms	1,510
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,295
One person or fewer per room	4,245
More than one person per room	55
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,295
Suitable	4,190
Not suitable	110
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,295
1960 or before	230
1961 to 1980	940
1981 to 1990	495
1991 to 2000	565
2001 to 2005	400
2006 to 2010	560
2011 to 2015	510
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	600
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,295
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,160
Major repairs needed	135
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,295
One-maintainer household	1,970
Two-maintainer household	2,195
Three-or-more-maintainer household	130
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,295
15 to 24 years	160
25 to 34 years	545
35 to 44 years	860
45 to 54 years	735
55 to 64 years	780
65 to 74 years	715
75 to 84 years	395
85 years and over	95
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,285
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,535
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	745
30% to less than 100%	635
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,295
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	960
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	720
Not suitable only	90
Major repairs needed only	115
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	3,340
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,165
In core need	155
Not in core need	4,015
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,045
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.1
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.4
% in core housing need⁶³	1.8
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,310
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,422
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	432,800
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,250
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.0
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	32.0
% in core housing need⁶³	8.4
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,150
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	10,845
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	70
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	50
Métis single ancestry	10
Inuit single ancestry	10
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	225
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	220
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	190
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,555
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	10,850
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,575
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,205
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,370
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,270
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	10,850
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,065
Immigrants⁸¹	1,380
Before 1980	170
1980 to 1990	55
1991 to 2000	55
2001 to 2010	195
2011 to 2021⁸²	915
2011 to 2015	160
2016 to 2021	755
Non-permanent residents⁸³	400
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,380
Under 5 years	150
5 to 14 years	290
15 to 24 years	155
25 to 44 years	615
45 years and over	170
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,380
Americas	175
Brazil	15
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	110
Other places of birth in Americas	30
Europe	310
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25
Croatia	0
France	10
Germany	20
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	15
Poland	0
Portugal	0
Romania	10
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	130
Other places of birth in Europe	95
Africa	90
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	20
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	55
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10
Asia	795
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	45
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	35
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	425
Hong Kong⁹¹	20
Korea, South⁹²	10
Taiwan	15
Philippines	15
Viet Nam	40
Bangladesh	0
India	130
Pakistan	10
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	760
Americas	55
Brazil	15
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	25
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10
Europe	50
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15
Other places of birth in Europe	35
Africa	60
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	50
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	585
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	325
Hong Kong⁹¹	10
India	110
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	10
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	35
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	40
Other places of birth in Asia	15
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	10,850
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,905
Second generation¹⁰¹	835
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,105
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,215
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	990
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	375
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	610
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	155
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,215
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	140
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	130
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	890
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	10,850
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,565
South Asian	320
Chinese	705
Black	175
Filipino	20
Arab	90
Latin American	60
Southeast Asian	45
West Asian	50
Korean	30
Japanese	45
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,285
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	10,850
Canadian	1,240
English	2,640
Irish	3,275
Scottish	3,955
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,325
German	580
Chinese	595
Italian	180
Indian (India)	135
Ukrainian	95
Dutch	250
Polish	115
Québécois	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	295
Filipino	15
French Canadian	65
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	435
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	105
Métis	40
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	195
Russian	55
Norwegian	75
Welsh	225
Portuguese	35
American	65
Spanish	50
Swedish	50
Hungarian	10
Acadian	545
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35
Jewish	40
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	40
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	70
Greek	70
Jamaican	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	65
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0
Korean	30
Romanian	10
Lebanese	40
Iranian	50
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	60
Danish	70
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	65
Sikh	30
Austrian	30
Belgian	15
Haitian	0
Hindu	25
Mexican	0
Mennonite	0
Swiss	20
Finnish	25
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	10
Japanese	60
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	25
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	45
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0
Muslim	0
Egyptian	25
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	0
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	40
Syrian	20
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	30
Hong Konger	30
Ontarian	0
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15
Bangladeshi	20
Algerian	0
Brazilian	15
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0
Somali	0
Taiwanese	30
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	50
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	0
Australian	10
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	10
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	40
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	35
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	35
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	30
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	20
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	10
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	10
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	230
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	10,850
Buddhist	95
Christian	6,820
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	720
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	380
Baptist	260
Catholic	3,630
Christian Orthodox	60
Jehovah's Witness	40
Latter Day Saints	0
Lutheran	15
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	75
Presbyterian	505
Reformed	0
United Church	710
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	410
Hindu	110
Jewish	15
Muslim	150
Sikh	80
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10
Other religions and spiritual traditions	70
No religion and secular perspectives	3,505
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	10,765
Non-movers	9,155
Movers	1,605
Non-migrants	740
Migrants	865
Internal migrants	720
Intraprovincial migrants	390
Interprovincial migrants	330
External migrants	145
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,270
Non-movers	5,745
Movers	4,525
Non-migrants	1,060
Migrants	3,460
Internal migrants	2,520
Intraprovincial migrants	1,595
Interprovincial migrants	920
External migrants	945
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,735
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	865
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,875
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,500
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	185
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,315
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,735
No certificate, diploma or degree	790
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,165
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,845
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	415
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	200
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	215
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,315
Bachelor's degree	2,095
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140
Master's degree	820
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,500
No certificate, diploma or degree	155
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	800
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,540
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,875
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	240
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	100
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,480
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,670
Bachelor's degree	1,670
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120
Master's degree	695
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	60
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,740
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,575
Education	515
13. Education	515
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15
50. Visual and performing arts	125
Humanities	290
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15
23. English language and literature/letters	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	35
54. History	95
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	725
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150
22. Legal professions and studies	120
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15
42. Psychology	150
45. Social sciences	235
Business, management and public administration	1,675
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,540
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	305
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	280
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	785
04. Architecture and related services	20
14. Engineering	245
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	180
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130
48. Precision production	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	60
Health and related fields	1,005
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	85
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	885
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	280
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	160
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	50
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	955
Education	345
13. Education	345
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	110
Humanities	195
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15
23. English language and literature/letters	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	20
54. History	70
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	575
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105
22. Legal professions and studies	110
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	115
45. Social sciences	190
Business, management and public administration	1,225
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,125
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	265
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	250
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	560
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	190
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	120
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	85
48. Precision production	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105
03. Natural resources and conservation	50
Health and related fields	740
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	645
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	180
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	95
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	35
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	955
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,545
Location of study inside Canada	3,775
Same as province or territory of residence	2,095
Different than province or territory of residence	1,675
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	770
Americas	120
United States of America	80
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	15
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	15
Europe	120
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	45
Africa	30
Nigeria	20
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	490
Iran⁸⁸	10
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	260
Taiwan	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	20
Japan	15
Korea, South⁹²	15
Philippines	15
Viet Nam	15
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	90
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	15
Oceania	15
Australia	15
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,735
In the labour force	5,915
Employed	5,440
Unemployed	475
Not in the labour force	2,820
Participation rate	67.7
Employment rate	62.3
Unemployment rate	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,740
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,835
Worked	5,905
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,430
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,475
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,915
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,805
Employee	5,100
Permanent position	3,820
Temporary position	1,280
Fixed term (1 year or more)	395
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	885
Self-employed¹⁹²	710
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,915
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,805
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	110
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,060
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	500
3 Health occupations	645
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,045
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	180
6 Sales and service occupations	1,320
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	665
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	150
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	130
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,915
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All industries¹⁹¹	5,805
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20
22 Utilities	30
23 Construction	325
31-33 Manufacturing	285
41 Wholesale trade	75
44-45 Retail trade	705
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	170
51 Information and cultural industries	70
52 Finance and insurance	190
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	510
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	210
61 Educational services	565
62 Health care and social assistance	945
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	120
72 Accommodation and food services	330
81 Other services (except public administration)	230
91 Public administration	835
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,320
English	5,890
French	30
Non-official language	25
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	25
English and French	180
English and non-official language(s)	185
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,320
Single responses	6,250
Official languages	6,190
English	6,130
French	60
Non-official languages	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55
Chinese languages	55
Hakka	0
Mandarin	55
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	70
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	65
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,320
None	6,020
English	60
French	150
Non-official language	80
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	80
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,440
Worked at home	1,030
Worked outside Canada	25
No fixed workplace address	550
Usual place of work	3,835
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,830
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	620
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,815
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	250
Commute to a different province or territory	145
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,385
Car, truck or van	4,200
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,915
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	285
Public transit	45
Walked	50
Bicycle	15
Other method	70
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,385
Less than 15 minutes	1,940
15 to 29 minutes	1,810
30 to 44 minutes	390
45 to 59 minutes	110
60 minutes and over	130
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,385
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	540
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,630
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,135
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	460
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	505
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,525
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	195
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,330
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,905
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	100
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,750

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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