Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Summerside, City (CY)More information: Prince Edward Island [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	16,001	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	14,839^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,393	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,097	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	567.2	...	...	567.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	28.21	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	16,005	7,590	8,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,310	1,215	1,095	14.4	16.0	13.0
0 to 4 years	635	335	295	4.0	4.4	3.5
5 to 9 years	815	435	380	5.1	5.7	4.5
10 to 14 years	855	440	415	5.3	5.8	4.9
15 to 64 years	9,800	4,705	5,095	61.2	62.0	60.5
15 to 19 years	855	430	425	5.3	5.7	5.1
20 to 24 years	1,090	590	500	6.8	7.8	5.9
25 to 29 years	820	425	390	5.1	5.6	4.6
30 to 34 years	850	420	430	5.3	5.5	5.1
35 to 39 years	880	405	475	5.5	5.3	5.6
40 to 44 years	880	405	470	5.5	5.3	5.6
45 to 49 years	1,005	485	525	6.3	6.4	6.2
50 to 54 years	985	455	530	6.2	6.0	6.3
55 to 59 years	1,240	575	670	7.7	7.6	8.0
60 to 64 years	1,200	515	680	7.5	6.8	8.1
65 years and over	3,895	1,670	2,225	24.3	22.0	26.4
65 to 69 years	1,100	500	595	6.9	6.6	7.1
70 to 74 years	1,025	465	560	6.4	6.1	6.7
75 to 79 years	710	285	425	4.4	3.8	5.1
80 to 84 years	535	215	320	3.3	2.8	3.8
85 years and over	530	200	330	3.3	2.6	3.9
85 to 89 years	355	135	220	2.2	1.8	2.6
90 to 94 years	120	40	80	0.7	0.5	1.0
95 to 99 years	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	16.0	13.0	14.4	16.0	13.0
15 to 64 years	61.2	62.0	60.5	61.2	62.0	60.5
65 years and over	24.3	22.0	26.4	24.3	22.0	26.4
85 years and over	3.3	2.6	3.9	3.3	2.6	3.9
Average age of the population	44.9	43.0	46.7	44.9	43.0	46.7
Median age of the population	46.8	44.0	49.2	46.8	44.0	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,485	...	...	49.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	735	...	...	10.4	...	...
Row house	755	...	...	10.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	250	...	...	3.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,350	...	...	19.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	475	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,385	...	...	33.6	...	...
2 persons	2,665	...	...	37.6	...	...
3 persons	955	...	...	13.5	...	...
4 persons	705	...	...	9.9	...	...
5 or more persons	385	...	...	5.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,545	7,380	8,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	13,695	6,375	7,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,330	3,645	3,690	53.5	57.2	50.4
Married	5,935	2,955	2,975	43.3	46.4	40.6
Living common-law	1,395	690	710	10.2	10.8	9.7
Living common law - Never married	910	435	470	6.6	6.8	6.4
Living common law - Separated	115	65	50	0.8	1.0	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	320	165	155	2.3	2.6	2.1
Living common law - Widowed	55	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	6,365	2,730	3,635	46.5	42.8	49.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,815	2,015	1,805	27.9	31.6	24.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	490	175	320	3.6	2.7	4.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	970	335	635	7.1	5.3	8.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,085	210	880	7.9	3.3	12.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,600	...	...	59.1	...	...
3 persons	865	...	...	19.7	...	...
4 persons	630	...	...	14.3	...	...
5 or more persons	305	...	...	6.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,550	...	...	80.6	...	...
Married couples	2,850	...	...	64.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,150	...	...	26.1	...	...
Without children	1,695	...	...	38.5	...	...
Common-law couples	700	...	...	15.9	...	...
With children⁶	290	...	...	6.6	...	...
Without children	410	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	855	...	...	19.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	675	...	...	15.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	180	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,545	7,380	8,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	11,965	5,845	6,120	77.0	79.2	75.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,100	3,530	3,575	45.7	47.8	43.8
Parents in one-parent families	850	180	670	5.5	2.4	8.2
Children⁶	4,010	2,140	1,875	25.8	29.0	23.0
In a two-parent family	2,675	1,410	1,265	17.2	19.1	15.5
In a one-parent family	1,340	725	610	8.6	9.8	7.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,580	1,535	2,040	23.0	20.8	25.0
Living alone	2,380	875	1,505	15.3	11.9	18.4
Living with other relatives⁷	315	150	165	2.0	2.0	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	885	510	375	5.7	6.9	4.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,100	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,050	...	...	57.0	...	...
Couple-family households	3,330	...	...	46.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,350	...	...	19.0	...	...
Without children	1,980	...	...	27.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	725	...	...	10.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	1.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	165	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	375	...	...	5.3	...	...
One-person households	2,380	...	...	33.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,245	6,170	7,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,870	5,965	6,905	97.2	96.7	97.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,000	33,200	36,400	40,000	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,870	5,965	6,905	97.2	96.7	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	35,200	30,200	32,400	35,200	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,135	5,355	5,780	84.1	86.8	81.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,000	33,600	24,800	29,000	33,600	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,885	4,410	4,475	67.1	71.5	63.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	34,800	27,600	31,000	34,800	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,705	4,705	6,000	80.8	76.3	84.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,100	12,400	13,500	13,100	12,400	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,345	1,130	1,210	17.7	18.3	17.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	7,200	6,280	6,600	7,200	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,290	1,500	1,795	24.8	24.3	25.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,000	8,000	7,500	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,265	6,200	7,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,885	5,980	6,910	97.1	96.5	97.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,000	47,920	38,760	43,000	47,920	38,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,885	5,980	6,910	97.1	96.5	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,640	39,880	33,800	36,640	39,880	33,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,185	5,330	5,860	84.3	86.0	82.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,120	43,040	31,720	37,120	43,040	31,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,900	4,410	4,490	67.1	71.1	63.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,800	42,160	33,480	37,800	42,160	33,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,815	4,770	6,045	81.5	76.9	85.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,860	11,930	13,580	12,860	11,930	13,580
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,350	1,135	1,215	17.7	18.3	17.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,740	8,400	7,140	7,740	8,400	7,140
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,325	1,430	1,895	25.1	23.1	26.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,200	8,180	8,210	8,200	8,180	8,210
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,265	6,200	7,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,215	2,295	1,920	31.8	37.0	27.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,200	51,600	46,400	49,200	51,600	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,250	60,650	53,200	57,250	60,650	53,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,750	1,665	2,090	28.3	26.9	29.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	14,700	16,200	13,900	14,700	16,200	13,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,780	24,480	19,620	21,780	24,480	19,620
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.0	80.2	69.4	75.0	80.2	69.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.7	65.0	56.1	60.7	65.0	56.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.1	19.9	30.7	25.1	19.9	30.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.0	4.8	7.2	6.0	4.8	7.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.1	5.8	4.9	4.1	5.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,245	6,170	7,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	380	210	170	2.9	3.4	2.4
With total income	12,865	5,965	6,900	97.1	96.7	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	920	390	525	7.2	6.5	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,650	615	1,040	12.8	10.3	15.1
$20,000 to $29,999	2,465	1,015	1,455	19.2	17.0	21.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,120	955	1,165	16.5	16.0	16.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,930	920	1,005	15.0	15.4	14.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,305	650	655	10.1	10.9	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	830	465	370	6.5	7.8	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	535	310	220	4.2	5.2	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	325	170	155	2.5	2.8	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	275	140	135	2.1	2.3	2.0
$100,000 and over	510	340	175	4.0	5.7	2.5
$100,000 to $149,999	365	230	140	2.8	3.9	2.0
$150,000 and over	150	105	40	1.2	1.8	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,245	6,170	7,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	375	210	170	2.8	3.4	2.4
With after-tax income	12,865	5,965	6,900	97.1	96.7	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	955	400	550	7.4	6.7	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,770	670	1,095	13.8	11.2	15.9
$20,000 to $29,999	3,020	1,270	1,750	23.5	21.3	25.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,585	1,215	1,370	20.1	20.4	19.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,935	970	970	15.0	16.3	14.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,135	605	530	8.8	10.1	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	610	340	265	4.7	5.7	3.8
$70,000 to $79,999	370	175	190	2.9	2.9	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	175	100	75	1.4	1.7	1.1
$90,000 to $99,999	95	65	30	0.7	1.1	0.4
$100,000 and over	215	150	70	1.7	2.5	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	105	70	40	0.8	1.2	0.6
$125,000 and over	105	85	25	0.8	1.4	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,245	6,170	7,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,360	1,760	2,600	32.9	28.5	36.7
With employment income	8,885	4,410	4,475	67.1	71.5	63.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,115	500	610	12.5	11.3	13.6
$5,000 to $9,999	845	355	495	9.5	8.0	11.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,260	565	690	14.2	12.8	15.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,095	510	585	12.3	11.6	13.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,085	540	540	12.2	12.2	12.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,040	540	500	11.7	12.2	11.2
$50,000 to $59,999	775	430	340	8.7	9.8	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	515	295	220	5.8	6.7	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	355	210	145	4.0	4.8	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	250	110	135	2.8	2.5	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	205	100	100	2.3	2.3	2.2
$100,000 and over	355	245	105	4.0	5.6	2.3
$100,000 to $124,999	180	110	70	2.0	2.5	1.6
$125,000 and over	170	130	35	1.9	2.9	0.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,245	6,170	7,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,700	5,885	6,815	95.9	95.4	96.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	29,600	32,800	37,200	29,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,710	5,890	6,825	96.0	95.5	96.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,800	32,800	27,000	29,800	32,800	27,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,185	5,360	5,820	84.4	86.9	82.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	32,800	24,400	28,400	32,800	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,115	4,485	4,630	68.8	72.7	65.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400	33,600	26,200	29,400	33,600	26,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,705	4,145	5,560	73.3	67.2	78.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,000	10,700	10,000	9,000	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,200	1,055	1,145	16.6	17.1	16.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	7,650	6,550	7,150	7,650	6,550
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,265	6,200	7,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,685	5,900	6,785	95.6	95.2	96.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,920	44,440	36,000	39,920	44,440	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,695	5,900	6,800	95.7	95.2	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,880	37,080	31,080	33,880	37,080	31,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,210	5,395	5,815	84.5	87.0	82.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,160	41,000	31,720	36,160	41,000	31,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,175	4,515	4,660	69.2	72.8	66.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,640	41,120	32,360	36,640	41,120	32,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,685	4,120	5,565	73.0	66.5	78.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,390	9,940	10,730	10,390	9,940	10,730
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,200	1,065	1,135	16.6	17.2	16.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,800	8,660	7,000	7,800	8,660	7,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,265	6,200	7,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,190	2,280	1,910	31.6	36.8	27.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,800	49,200	44,000	46,800	49,200	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,000	57,650	49,720	54,000	57,650	49,720
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,575	1,610	1,970	27.0	26.0	27.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200	19,400	17,400	18,200	19,400	17,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,560	26,920	22,620	24,560	26,920	22,620
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.2	84.4	75.6	80.2	84.4	75.6
Employment income (%)	66.4	70.8	61.8	66.4	70.8	61.8
Government transfers (%)	19.9	15.6	24.4	19.9	15.6	24.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.4	3.5	3.3	3.4	3.5	3.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,095	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,380	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,600	...	...	29,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,090	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,200	...	...	78,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,600	...	...	66,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,395	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,960	...	...	37,960	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,040	...	...	33,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,700	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,700	...	...	98,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,600	...	...	83,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	115	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	165	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	515	...	...	7.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	340	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	360	...	...	5.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	365	...	...	5.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	390	...	...	5.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	360	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	655	...	...	9.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	605	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	515	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	445	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	385	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,795	...	...	25.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	710	...	...	10.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	430	...	...	6.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	390	...	...	5.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	260	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	560	...	...	7.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	430	...	...	6.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	390	...	...	5.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	475	...	...	6.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	450	...	...	6.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	395	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	745	...	...	10.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	645	...	...	9.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	560	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	465	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	380	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,200	...	...	16.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	585	...	...	8.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	285	...	...	4.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	325	...	...	4.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,410	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,455	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	815	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,265	1,385	1,880	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	34,400	30,600	32,000	34,400	30,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	30,800	28,400	29,400	30,800	28,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,400	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,600	...	...	98,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,400	...	...	83,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,975	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,400	...	...	86,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,200	...	...	73,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,495	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,600	...	...	133,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,600	...	...	110,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	805	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,800	...	...	65,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,000	...	...	59,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,260	1,355	1,905	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,920	37,880	36,240	36,920	37,880	36,240
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,280	32,720	31,960	32,280	32,720	31,960
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,545	7,385	8,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,830	1,485	1,345	18.2	20.1	16.5
0 to 5 years	775	400	375	5.0	5.4	4.6
18 to 64 years	9,140	4,350	4,790	58.8	58.9	58.7
65 years and over	3,580	1,550	2,025	23.0	21.0	24.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,500	1,030	1,470	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	520	270	255	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	165	90	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,130	480	650	...	...	...
65 years and over	850	280	570	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.1	14.0	18.0	16.1	14.0	18.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.4	18.0	18.8	18.4	18.0	18.8
0 to 5 years (%)	21.8	22.4	21.0	21.8	22.4	21.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.3	11.0	13.5	12.3	11.0	13.5
65 years and over (%)	23.8	18.2	28.0	23.8	18.2	28.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,545	7,380	8,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,825	1,480	1,345	18.2	20.1	16.5
0 to 5 years	775	400	375	5.0	5.4	4.6
18 to 64 years	9,140	4,350	4,790	58.8	58.9	58.7
65 years and over	3,575	1,550	2,030	23.0	21.0	24.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	600	285	315	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	95	50	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	470	230	240	...	...	...
65 years and over	35	10	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.9	3.9	3.8	3.9	3.9	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.4	3.2	3.6	3.4	3.2	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.0	2.4	3.6	3.0	2.4	3.6
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	5.2	5.0	5.1	5.2	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.6	1.3	1.0	0.6	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,545	7,385	8,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,455	4,885	5,575	67.3	66.1	68.3
In bottom decile	2,120	910	1,210	13.6	12.3	14.8
In second decile	2,460	1,100	1,365	15.8	14.9	16.7
In third decile	2,180	1,045	1,135	14.0	14.2	13.9
In fourth decile	1,955	960	995	12.6	13.0	12.2
In fifth decile	1,735	865	865	11.2	11.7	10.6
In top half of the distribution	5,090	2,495	2,590	32.7	33.8	31.7
In sixth decile	1,440	690	745	9.3	9.3	9.1
In seventh decile	1,340	655	685	8.6	8.9	8.4
In eighth decile	1,060	525	535	6.8	7.1	6.6
In ninth decile	705	355	345	4.5	4.8	4.2
In top decile	545	270	275	3.5	3.7	3.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,545	...	...	15,545	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.303	...	...	0.303	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.455	...	...	0.455	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.264	...	...	0.264	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,775	7,500	8,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	13,700	6,595	7,105	86.8	87.9	85.9
French only	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
English and French	2,025	880	1,140	12.8	11.7	13.8
Neither English nor French	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,775	7,500	8,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	15,150	7,225	7,925	96.0	96.3	95.8
French	560	250	315	3.5	3.3	3.8
English and French	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Neither English nor French	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,775	7,500	8,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,410	7,315	8,090	97.7	97.5	97.8
Official languages	14,265	6,710	7,555	90.4	89.5	91.3
English	13,645	6,440	7,205	86.5	85.9	87.1
French	620	275	345	3.9	3.7	4.2
Non-official languages	1,145	605	535	7.3	8.1	6.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,140	600	535	7.2	8.0	6.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	65	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	300	135	165	1.9	1.8	2.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	285	125	155	1.8	1.7	1.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	15	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tamil	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	530	305	230	3.4	4.1	2.8
Albanian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	365	220	145	2.3	2.9	1.8
Indo-Aryan languages	360	215	145	2.3	2.9	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	315	190	125	2.0	2.5	1.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Spanish	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	65	70	0.9	0.9	0.8
Chinese languages	140	65	70	0.9	0.9	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	85	45	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	370	185	185	2.3	2.5	2.2
English and French	135	60	75	0.9	0.8	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	210	115	100	1.3	1.5	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,775	7,500	8,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,035	6,615	7,420	89.0	88.2	89.7
French	155	65	95	1.0	0.9	1.1
Non-official language	380	230	155	2.4	3.1	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	380	230	155	2.4	3.1	1.9
English and French	295	130	165	1.9	1.7	2.0
English and non-official language(s)	860	440	415	5.5	5.9	5.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,775	7,500	8,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,525	7,375	8,150	98.4	98.3	98.5
Official languages	14,730	6,945	7,785	93.4	92.6	94.1
English	14,515	6,855	7,660	92.0	91.4	92.6
French	210	85	125	1.3	1.1	1.5
Non-official languages	800	430	370	5.1	5.7	4.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	800	430	370	5.1	5.7	4.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	70	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	200	95	105	1.3	1.3	1.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	190	90	105	1.2	1.2	1.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	360	220	140	2.3	2.9	1.7
Albanian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
German	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	285	180	105	1.8	2.4	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	275	180	100	1.7	2.4	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hindi	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	165	90	1.6	2.2	1.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	60	0.8	0.7	0.7
Chinese languages	120	55	60	0.8	0.7	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	75	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	255	130	125	1.6	1.7	1.5
English and French	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	195	105	85	1.2	1.4	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,780	7,505	8,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,795	7,020	7,775	93.8	93.5	94.0
English	395	195	205	2.5	2.6	2.5
French	200	90	110	1.3	1.2	1.3
Non-official language	290	150	140	1.8	2.0	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	285	150	135	1.8	2.0	1.6
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,545	7,430	8,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	15,540	7,425	8,110	100.0	99.9	99.9
English	15,520	7,415	8,105	99.8	99.8	99.9
French	2,060	890	1,165	13.3	12.0	14.4
Non-official languages	1,540	770	765	9.9	10.4	9.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,540	770	765	9.9	10.4	9.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	40	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	75	40	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	70	40	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	65	40	0.7	0.9	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	105	65	40	0.7	0.9	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	325	140	190	2.1	1.9	2.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	320	140	185	2.1	1.9	2.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	40	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	780	390	390	5.0	5.2	4.8
Albanian	90	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	100	45	55	0.6	0.6	0.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
German	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Dutch	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	425	215	210	2.7	2.9	2.6
Indo-Aryan languages	425	215	210	2.7	2.9	2.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hindi	235	110	120	1.5	1.5	1.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	400	205	190	2.6	2.8	2.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	75	75	1.0	1.0	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	100	55	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	80	75	1.0	1.1	0.9
Chinese languages	155	80	75	1.0	1.1	0.9
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	100	50	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,545	7,430	8,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	325	155	170	2.1	2.1	2.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	295	145	150	1.9	2.0	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	135	70	65	0.9	0.9	0.8
Métis	105	50	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	15,225	7,275	7,950	97.9	97.9	98.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,545	7,430	8,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	110	50	60	0.7	0.7	0.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,435	7,380	8,055	99.3	99.3	99.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,770	...	...	53.2	...	...
Renter	3,320	...	...	46.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	190	...	...	2.7	...	...
Not condominium	6,900	...	...	97.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	900	...	...	12.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,340	...	...	33.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,330	...	...	32.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,500	...	...	21.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,135	...	...	30.1	...	...
5 rooms	1,300	...	...	18.3	...	...
6 rooms	1,055	...	...	14.9	...	...
7 rooms	770	...	...	10.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,840	...	...	26.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,015	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,845	...	...	96.5	...	...
Not suitable	245	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,995	...	...	28.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,880	...	...	26.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	815	...	...	11.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	880	...	...	12.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	370	...	...	5.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	335	...	...	4.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	350	...	...	4.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	475	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,630	...	...	93.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	460	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,940	...	...	55.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,915	...	...	41.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	235	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	260	...	...	3.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	790	...	...	11.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	980	...	...	13.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,190	...	...	16.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,440	...	...	20.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,325	...	...	18.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	775	...	...	10.9	...	...
85 years and over	330	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,755	...	...	81.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,315	...	...	18.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,220	...	...	17.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,880	...	...	26.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,185	...	...	16.7	...	...
Not suitable only	215	...	...	3.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	340	...	...	4.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	105	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,210	...	...	73.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	520	...	...	7.5	...	...
Not in core need	6,455	...	...	92.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,775	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.4	...	...	60.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,107	...	...	1,107	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	262,400	...	...	262,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,315	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	20.5	...	...	20.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.7	...	...	29.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.8	...	...	13.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	890	...	...	890	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	932	...	...	932	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,550	7,430	8,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	160	90	75	1.0	1.2	0.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	160	90	75	1.0	1.2	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	115	65	50	0.7	0.9	0.6
Métis single ancestry	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	535	225	310	3.4	3.0	3.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	500	200	300	3.2	2.7	3.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	340	125	215	2.2	1.7	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	100	50	50	0.6	0.7	0.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,850	7,120	7,730	95.5	95.8	95.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,545	7,430	8,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	14,415	6,835	7,575	92.7	92.0	93.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,670	1,435	1,240	17.2	19.3	15.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,740	5,400	6,340	75.5	72.7	78.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,135	595	540	7.3	8.0	6.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,545	7,430	8,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,955	6,615	7,340	89.8	89.0	90.4
Immigrants⁸¹	960	480	475	6.2	6.5	5.9
Before 1980	205	105	100	1.3	1.4	1.2
1980 to 1990	60	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
1991 to 2000	60	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
2001 to 2010	120	50	70	0.8	0.7	0.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	520	275	245	3.3	3.7	3.0
2011 to 2015	120	70	50	0.8	0.9	0.6
2016 to 2021	395	200	195	2.5	2.7	2.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	630	330	300	4.1	4.4	3.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	960	485	475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	105	45	55	10.9	9.3	11.6
5 to 14 years	155	85	75	16.1	17.5	15.8
15 to 24 years	195	120	70	20.3	24.7	14.7
25 to 44 years	430	190	240	44.8	39.2	50.5
45 years and over	80	50	30	8.3	10.3	6.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	960	485	475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	135	60	70	14.1	12.4	14.7
Brazil	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.1
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	10	10	0	1.0	2.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	90	30	65	9.4	6.2	13.7
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	1.0	2.1	0.0
Europe	295	170	130	30.7	35.1	27.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	30	25	0	3.1	5.2	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	120	55	65	12.5	11.3	13.7
Other places of birth in Europe	95	65	35	9.9	13.4	7.4
Africa	30	10	20	3.1	2.1	4.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.1
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	495	240	255	51.6	49.5	53.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	25	10	10	2.6	2.1	2.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	30	20	4.7	6.2	4.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	25	10	15	2.6	2.1	3.2
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	255	100	150	26.6	20.6	31.6
Viet Nam	45	35	20	4.7	7.2	4.2
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	70	55	20	7.3	11.3	4.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	400	205	195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	45	20	25	11.3	9.8	12.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	0	20	7.5	0.0	10.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	35	20	15	8.8	9.8	7.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	20	15	7.5	9.8	7.7
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	305	160	145	76.3	78.0	74.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	5.0	4.9	5.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	70	55	20	17.5	26.8	10.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	155	60	90	38.8	29.3	46.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	30	20	10	7.5	9.8	5.1
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,545	7,430	8,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,725	865	855	11.1	11.6	10.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	900	440	460	5.8	5.9	5.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	12,920	6,125	6,795	83.1	82.4	83.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	750	380	375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	525	270	260	70.0	71.1	69.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	235	135	95	31.3	35.5	25.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	295	135	160	39.3	35.5	42.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	165	75	95	22.0	19.7	25.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	60	35	20	8.0	9.2	5.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	750	380	375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	170	75	100	22.7	19.7	26.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	0	2.0	2.6	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	130	100	30	17.3	26.3	8.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	430	190	240	57.3	50.0	64.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,545	7,430	8,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,395	695	700	9.0	9.4	8.6
South Asian	480	260	215	3.1	3.5	2.6
Chinese	175	80	90	1.1	1.1	1.1
Black	125	50	75	0.8	0.7	0.9
Filipino	355	150	205	2.3	2.0	2.5
Arab	75	50	30	0.5	0.7	0.4
Latin American	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	100	65	35	0.6	0.9	0.4
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Japanese	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,155	6,740	7,415	91.1	90.7	91.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,545	7,435	8,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	2,630	1,200	1,425	16.9	16.1	17.6
English	3,700	1,745	1,955	23.8	23.5	24.1
Irish	3,670	1,595	2,075	23.6	21.5	25.6
Scottish	4,360	2,050	2,310	28.0	27.6	28.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,810	1,325	1,490	18.1	17.8	18.4
German	690	315	375	4.4	4.2	4.6
Chinese	140	65	85	0.9	0.9	1.0
Italian	130	65	60	0.8	0.9	0.7
Indian (India)	320	190	135	2.1	2.6	1.7
Ukrainian	95	55	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Dutch	295	175	120	1.9	2.4	1.5
Polish	60	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Québécois	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	320	130	185	2.1	1.7	2.3
Filipino	365	175	185	2.3	2.4	2.3
French Canadian	200	85	120	1.3	1.1	1.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	630	340	295	4.1	4.6	3.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	200	95	105	1.3	1.3	1.3
Métis	170	90	80	1.1	1.2	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	315	150	160	2.0	2.0	2.0
Russian	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3
Norwegian	75	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Welsh	235	95	150	1.5	1.3	1.8
Portuguese	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
American	95	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Spanish	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Swedish	55	15	40	0.4	0.2	0.5
Hungarian	55	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.2
Acadian	1,220	555	665	7.8	7.5	8.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Jewish	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	115	45	70	0.7	0.6	0.9
Vietnamese	105	65	40	0.7	0.9	0.5
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	40	30	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Danish	80	50	30	0.5	0.7	0.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	65	15	50	0.4	0.2	0.6
Sikh	45	40	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Austrian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belgian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Finnish	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Japanese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	180	80	105	1.2	1.1	1.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czech	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syrian	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	65	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Ontarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	315	145	170	2.0	2.0	2.1
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,545	7,430	8,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	10,250	4,650	5,600	65.9	62.6	69.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	935	450	485	6.0	6.1	6.0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	485	210	275	3.1	2.8	3.4
Baptist	405	175	230	2.6	2.4	2.8
Catholic	5,415	2,565	2,855	34.8	34.5	35.2
Christian Orthodox	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	60	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lutheran	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	100	30	65	0.6	0.4	0.8
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	70	20	50	0.5	0.3	0.6
Presbyterian	515	195	320	3.3	2.6	3.9
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	1,575	660	920	10.1	8.9	11.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	615	280	335	4.0	3.8	4.1
Hindu	115	70	40	0.7	0.9	0.5
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	150	85	65	1.0	1.1	0.8
Sikh	310	150	160	2.0	2.0	2.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85	25	60	0.5	0.3	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	4,625	2,455	2,175	29.8	33.0	26.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,435	7,365	8,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,280	6,375	6,905	86.0	86.6	85.6
Movers	2,155	995	1,160	14.0	13.5	14.4
Non-migrants	1,240	570	670	8.0	7.7	8.3
Migrants	910	420	495	5.9	5.7	6.1
Internal migrants	800	365	430	5.2	5.0	5.3
Intraprovincial migrants	340	165	175	2.2	2.2	2.2
Interprovincial migrants	455	200	255	2.9	2.7	3.2
External migrants	115	55	60	0.7	0.7	0.7
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,940	7,095	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,335	3,890	4,445	55.8	54.8	56.7
Movers	6,600	3,210	3,390	44.2	45.2	43.3
Non-migrants	2,820	1,400	1,425	18.9	19.7	18.2
Migrants	3,780	1,815	1,970	25.3	25.6	25.1
Internal migrants	3,065	1,485	1,580	20.5	20.9	20.2
Intraprovincial migrants	1,670	780	890	11.2	11.0	11.4
Interprovincial migrants	1,395	705	690	9.3	9.9	8.8
External migrants	715	325	390	4.8	4.6	5.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,265	6,200	7,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,685	1,435	1,245	20.2	23.1	17.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,575	4,765	5,815	79.7	76.9	82.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,690	3,630	4,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	870	475	395	11.3	13.1	9.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,820	3,155	3,665	88.7	86.9	90.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,260	6,200	7,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,445	1,290	1,165	18.4	20.8	16.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,265	1,945	2,320	32.2	31.4	32.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,550	2,970	3,580	49.4	47.9	50.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,405	1,990	2,410	33.2	32.1	34.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	820	575	245	6.2	9.3	3.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	460	275	195	3.5	4.4	2.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	360	310	50	2.7	5.0	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,240	1,280	1,960	24.4	20.6	27.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	345	135	210	2.6	2.2	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,145	975	1,170	16.2	15.7	16.6
Bachelor's degree	1,510	680	830	11.4	11.0	11.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	30	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	45	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
Master's degree	470	210	265	3.5	3.4	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,690	3,635	4,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	785	430	355	10.2	11.8	8.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,440	1,180	1,260	31.7	32.5	31.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,465	2,025	2,445	58.1	55.7	60.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,840	1,295	1,545	36.9	35.6	38.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	465	310	155	6.0	8.5	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	250	125	120	3.3	3.4	3.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	220	185	40	2.9	5.1	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,190	905	1,290	28.5	24.9	31.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	85	100	2.3	2.3	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,630	730	905	21.2	20.1	22.3
Bachelor's degree	1,130	510	625	14.7	14.0	15.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	25	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	30	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Master's degree	375	160	215	4.9	4.4	5.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,260	6,200	7,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,715	3,235	3,480	50.6	52.2	49.3
Education	495	135	365	3.7	2.2	5.2
13. Education	495	135	365	3.7	2.2	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	55	70	0.9	0.9	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	55	65	0.9	0.9	0.9
Humanities	295	140	155	2.2	2.3	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	70	30	50	0.5	0.5	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	45	40	0.6	0.7	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
54. History	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	620	160	460	4.7	2.6	6.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	175	10	165	1.3	0.2	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	140	35	105	1.1	0.6	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	100	20	75	0.8	0.3	1.1
45. Social sciences	145	65	75	1.1	1.0	1.1
Business, management and public administration	1,775	635	1,140	13.4	10.2	16.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	25	115	1.1	0.4	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,630	610	1,025	12.3	9.8	14.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	55	65	0.9	0.9	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	285	165	125	2.1	2.7	1.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	270	155	115	2.0	2.5	1.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,240	1,135	105	9.4	18.3	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	145	130	15	1.1	2.1	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	305	240	60	2.3	3.9	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	315	310	0	2.4	5.0	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	300	15	2.4	4.8	0.2
48. Precision production	145	135	10	1.1	2.2	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	115	75	40	0.9	1.2	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	40	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	35	10	0.4	0.6	0.1
Health and related fields	1,030	180	850	7.8	2.9	12.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	930	135	800	7.0	2.2	11.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	445	235	205	3.4	3.8	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	260	70	190	2.0	1.1	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
43. Security and protective services	60	55	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	95	10	0.8	1.5	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,690	3,630	4,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,220	1,610	1,620	41.9	44.4	39.9
Education	270	75	190	3.5	2.1	4.7
13. Education	270	75	190	3.5	2.1	4.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	35	40	1.0	1.0	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	35	35	1.0	1.0	0.9
Humanities	215	95	115	2.8	2.6	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	50	15	40	0.7	0.4	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	40	30	0.8	1.1	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	15	15	0.5	0.4	0.4
54. History	35	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	465	120	340	6.0	3.3	8.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	0	115	1.5	0.0	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	115	25	90	1.5	0.7	2.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	70	15	55	0.9	0.4	1.4
45. Social sciences	115	55	60	1.5	1.5	1.5
Business, management and public administration	1,170	400	770	15.2	11.0	19.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	20	90	1.4	0.6	2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,050	375	675	13.7	10.3	16.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	45	45	1.2	1.2	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	125	85	2.7	3.4	2.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200	120	75	2.6	3.3	1.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	830	760	70	10.8	20.9	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
14. Engineering	115	105	10	1.5	2.9	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	205	180	30	2.7	5.0	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	200	190	10	2.6	5.2	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	195	15	2.7	5.4	0.4
48. Precision production	85	80	10	1.1	2.2	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	55	30	1.2	1.5	0.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	30	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	30	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
Health and related fields	735	135	605	9.6	3.7	14.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	25	20	0.5	0.7	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	675	105	570	8.8	2.9	14.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	325	175	150	4.2	4.8	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	185	50	135	2.4	1.4	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
43. Security and protective services	50	45	0	0.7	1.2	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	60	15	1.0	1.7	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,690	3,630	4,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,220	1,610	1,620	41.9	44.4	39.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,470	2,025	2,440	58.1	55.8	60.1
Location of study inside Canada	4,035	1,840	2,200	52.5	50.7	54.2
Same as province or territory of residence	2,365	1,015	1,345	30.8	28.0	33.1
Different than province or territory of residence	1,670	825	845	21.7	22.7	20.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	430	190	245	5.6	5.2	6.0
Americas	50	15	30	0.7	0.4	0.7
United States of America	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	70	45	25	0.9	1.2	0.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Africa	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	290	110	175	3.8	3.0	4.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	125	40	80	1.6	1.1	2.0
Viet Nam	40	20	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	30	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,260	6,200	7,065	...	...	...
In the labour force	8,115	4,055	4,055	...	...	...
Employed	7,280	3,625	3,655	...	...	...
Unemployed	835	430	405	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,150	2,140	3,005	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.2	65.4	57.4	61.2	65.4	57.4
Employment rate	54.9	58.5	51.7	54.9	58.5	51.7
Unemployment rate	10.3	10.6	10.0	10.3	10.6	10.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,260	6,200	7,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,990	2,065	2,920	37.6	33.3	41.4
Worked	8,270	4,130	4,140	62.4	66.6	58.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,295	2,355	1,940	32.4	38.0	27.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,975	1,775	2,200	30.0	28.6	31.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.3	39.8	40.5	41.3	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,115	4,055	4,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	75	95	2.1	1.8	2.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,945	3,980	3,960	97.9	98.2	97.5
Employee	7,300	3,595	3,700	90.0	88.7	91.1
Permanent position	5,640	2,770	2,870	69.5	68.3	70.7
Temporary position	1,660	825	830	20.5	20.3	20.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	295	120	180	3.6	3.0	4.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,360	710	655	16.8	17.5	16.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	650	380	265	8.0	9.4	6.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,115	4,055	4,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	75	95	2.1	1.8	2.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,945	3,980	3,960	97.9	98.2	97.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	70	50	25	0.9	1.2	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,275	400	875	15.7	9.9	21.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	425	315	105	5.2	7.8	2.6
3 Health occupations	615	100	510	7.6	2.5	12.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	800	255	550	9.9	6.3	13.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	70	65	1.8	1.7	1.6
6 Sales and service occupations	2,485	990	1,490	30.6	24.4	36.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,305	1,215	95	16.1	30.0	2.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	235	195	40	2.9	4.8	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	595	385	210	7.3	9.5	5.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,115	4,055	4,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	75	95	2.1	1.8	2.3
All industries¹⁹¹	7,945	3,980	3,960	97.9	98.2	97.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	260	190	65	3.2	4.7	1.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23 Construction	525	490	35	6.5	12.1	0.9
31-33 Manufacturing	1,030	695	330	12.7	17.1	8.1
41 Wholesale trade	125	115	0	1.5	2.8	0.0
44-45 Retail trade	1,075	465	605	13.2	11.5	14.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	250	200	50	3.1	4.9	1.2
51 Information and cultural industries	60	30	35	0.7	0.7	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	115	45	70	1.4	1.1	1.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	105	75	25	1.3	1.8	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	305	150	155	3.8	3.7	3.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	365	180	185	4.5	4.4	4.6
61 Educational services	505	190	315	6.2	4.7	7.8
62 Health care and social assistance	1,015	200	820	12.5	4.9	20.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	165	120	45	2.0	3.0	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	775	300	475	9.6	7.4	11.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	305	125	175	3.8	3.1	4.3
91 Public administration	945	365	580	11.6	9.0	14.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,785	4,355	4,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,340	4,200	4,135	94.9	96.4	93.4
French	90	25	65	1.0	0.6	1.5
Non-official language	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
English and French	260	70	190	3.0	1.6	4.3
English and non-official language(s)	80	50	30	0.9	1.1	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,785	4,355	4,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,735	4,330	4,405	99.4	99.4	99.5
Official languages	8,720	4,320	4,400	99.3	99.2	99.4
English	8,585	4,285	4,300	97.7	98.4	97.2
French	135	35	105	1.5	0.8	2.4
Non-official languages	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Chinese languages	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	45	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,785	4,355	4,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,485	4,255	4,230	96.6	97.7	95.6
English	50	10	40	0.6	0.2	0.9
French	200	60	140	2.3	1.4	3.2
Non-official language	45	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,280	3,630	3,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	990	390	605	13.6	10.7	16.6
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	805	640	165	11.1	17.6	4.5
Usual place of work	5,470	2,585	2,885	75.1	71.2	78.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,470	2,585	2,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,860	1,580	2,280	70.6	61.1	79.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,180	755	425	21.6	29.2	14.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	320	195	125	5.9	7.5	4.3
Commute to a different province or territory	105	50	55	1.9	1.9	1.9
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,280	3,230	3,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,830	2,980	2,845	92.8	92.3	93.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,165	2,715	2,450	82.2	84.1	80.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	660	265	395	10.5	8.2	13.0
Public transit	15	15	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Walked	295	150	140	4.7	4.6	4.6
Bicycle	35	25	10	0.6	0.8	0.3
Other method	115	60	50	1.8	1.9	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,280	3,230	3,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,405	2,000	2,405	70.1	61.9	78.9
15 to 29 minutes	1,120	710	410	17.8	22.0	13.4
30 to 44 minutes	335	215	120	5.3	6.7	3.9
45 to 59 minutes	200	140	60	3.2	4.3	2.0
60 minutes and over	225	160	60	3.6	5.0	2.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,280	3,230	3,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	405	275	125	6.4	8.5	4.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,320	735	585	21.0	22.8	19.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,005	1,070	940	31.9	33.1	30.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,145	460	680	18.2	14.2	22.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	640	280	355	10.2	8.7	11.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	765	405	360	12.2	12.5	11.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,895	1,505	1,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	320	165	155	11.1	11.0	11.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,575	1,340	1,235	88.9	89.0	89.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,205	1,145	1,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	245	125	120	11.1	10.9	11.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	140	70	70	6.3	6.1	6.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	60	45	4.8	5.2	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,960	1,020	940	88.9	89.1	88.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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