Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Bridgewater, Town (T)More information: Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,790
Population, 2016¹	8,532
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.0
Total private dwellings²	4,493
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,260
Population density per square kilometre	644.9
Land area in square kilometres	13.63
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,790
0 to 14 years	1,040
0 to 4 years	325
5 to 9 years	335
10 to 14 years	380
15 to 64 years	5,120
15 to 19 years	380
20 to 24 years	470
25 to 29 years	460
30 to 34 years	460
35 to 39 years	495
40 to 44 years	435
45 to 49 years	450
50 to 54 years	570
55 to 59 years	690
60 to 64 years	705
65 years and over	2,625
65 to 69 years	655
70 to 74 years	635
75 to 79 years	495
80 to 84 years	425
85 years and over	430
85 to 89 years	250
90 to 94 years	130
95 to 99 years	40
100 years and over	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.8
15 to 64 years	58.2
65 years and over	29.9
85 years and over	4.9
Average age of the population	48.5
Median age of the population	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,260
Single-detached house	2,050
Semi-detached house	210
Row house	95
Apartment or flat in a duplex	120
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,240
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	35
Other single-attached house	15
Movable dwelling⁴	490
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,260
1 person	1,655
2 persons	1,645
3 persons	500
4 persons	320
5 or more persons	140
Number of persons in private households	8,490
Average household size	2.0
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,750
Married or living common-law	4,005
Married	3,155
Living common-law	850
Living common law - Never married	535
Living common law - Separated	70
Living common law - Divorced	230
Living common law - Widowed	25
Not married and not living common-law	3,745
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,955
Not married and not living common law - Separated	295
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	685
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	810
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,445
2 persons	1,595
3 persons	460
4 persons	290
5 or more persons	95
Average size of census families	2.6
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,440
Total couple families	1,955
Married couples	1,530
With children⁶	530
Without children	1,000
Common-law couples	430
With children⁶	150
Without children	280
Total one-parent families	490
in which the parent is a woman+	390
in which the parent is a man+	100
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,490
Total - Persons in census families	6,245
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,915
Parents in one-parent families	485
Children⁶	1,845
In a two-parent family	1,155
In a one-parent family	695
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,250
Living alone	1,655
Living with other relatives⁷	170
Living with non-relatives only	425
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,260
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,265
Couple-family households	1,850
With children⁶	640
Without children	1,215
One-parent-family households	415
Multigenerational households⁸	55
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	90
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	190
One-person households	1,655
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,285
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,290
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,155
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,545
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,200
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	775
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,675
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,280
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,280
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,180
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,545
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,220
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	795
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,910
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,675
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,480
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,455
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,045
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,050
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,830
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,300
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,455
Without total income	165
With total income	7,285
Under $10,000 (including loss)	590
$10,000 to $19,999	1,040
$20,000 to $29,999	1,620
$30,000 to $39,999	1,105
$40,000 to $49,999	875
$50,000 to $59,999	575
$60,000 to $69,999	440
$70,000 to $79,999	295
$80,000 to $89,999	245
$90,000 to $99,999	165
$100,000 and over	350
$100,000 to $149,999	260
$150,000 and over	85
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,455
Without after-tax income	165
With after-tax income	7,290
Under $10,000 (including loss)	620
$10,000 to $19,999	1,100
$20,000 to $29,999	1,835
$30,000 to $39,999	1,330
$40,000 to $49,999	885
$50,000 to $59,999	570
$60,000 to $69,999	405
$70,000 to $79,999	235
$80,000 to $89,999	120
$90,000 to $99,999	60
$100,000 and over	130
$100,000 to $124,999	65
$125,000 and over	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,455
Without employment income	2,910
With employment income	4,545
Under $5,000 (including loss)	755
$5,000 to $9,999	360
$10,000 to $19,999	660
$20,000 to $29,999	570
$30,000 to $39,999	485
$40,000 to $49,999	415
$50,000 to $59,999	310
$60,000 to $69,999	250
$70,000 to $79,999	190
$80,000 to $89,999	175
$90,000 to $99,999	115
$100,000 and over	260
$100,000 to $124,999	155
$125,000 and over	105
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,160
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,170
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,115
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,600
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,655
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	675
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,155
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,155
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,060
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,565
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,665
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,630
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	680
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,455
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,035
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,050
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,745
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,120
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	78.2
Employment income (%)	60.8
Government transfers (%)	21.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,260
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	57,200
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	51,600
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,655
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,000
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,600
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,605
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	67,500
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,260
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,900
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,350
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,650
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,200
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,440
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,615
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,300
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,100
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,260
Under $5,000	50
$5,000 to $9,999	30
$10,000 to $14,999	105
$15,000 to $19,999	90
$20,000 to $24,999	405
$25,000 to $29,999	235
$30,000 to $34,999	235
$35,000 to $39,999	245
$40,000 to $44,999	255
$45,000 to $49,999	205
$50,000 to $59,999	375
$60,000 to $69,999	375
$70,000 to $79,999	285
$80,000 to $89,999	270
$90,000 to $99,999	200
$100,000 and over	910
$100,000 to $124,999	355
$125,000 to $149,999	210
$150,000 to $199,999	215
$200,000 and over	125
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,260
Under $5,000	55
$5,000 to $9,999	30
$10,000 to $14,999	105
$15,000 to $19,999	90
$20,000 to $24,999	435
$25,000 to $29,999	280
$30,000 to $34,999	260
$35,000 to $39,999	280
$40,000 to $44,999	290
$45,000 to $49,999	225
$50,000 to $59,999	455
$60,000 to $69,999	425
$70,000 to $79,999	320
$80,000 to $89,999	210
$90,000 to $99,999	185
$100,000 and over	610
$100,000 to $124,999	300
$125,000 to $149,999	160
$150,000 and over	150
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,460
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	67,000
Average family size of economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,230
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	685
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	470
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,400
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,080
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,485
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,700
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,400
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,245
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,400
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	695
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,200
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,400
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	470
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,200
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,050
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,495
0 to 17 years	1,255
0 to 5 years	400
18 to 64 years	4,855
65 years and over	2,380
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,595
0 to 17 years	255
0 to 5 years	95
18 to 64 years	775
65 years and over	565
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.8
0 to 17 years (%)	20.6
0 to 5 years (%)	22.8
18 to 64 years (%)	15.9
65 years and over (%)	23.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,490
0 to 17 years	1,255
0 to 5 years	400
18 to 64 years	4,860
65 years and over	2,380
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	420
0 to 17 years	65
0 to 5 years	20
18 to 64 years	315
65 years and over	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6
65 years and over (%)	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,490
In bottom half of the distribution	5,795
In bottom decile	1,395
In second decile	1,420
In third decile	1,180
In fourth decile	1,055
In fifth decile	740
In top half of the distribution	2,695
In sixth decile	725
In seventh decile	680
In eighth decile	590
In ninth decile	460
In top decile	245
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,490
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.317
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.474
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.275
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,605
English only	7,920
French only	0
English and French	670
Neither English nor French	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,605
English	8,470
French	105
English and French	20
Neither English nor French	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,605
Single responses	8,490
Official languages	8,090
English	7,975
French	110
Non-official languages	400
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	400
Afro-Asiatic languages	15
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	15
Amharic	0
Arabic	15
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	35
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	40
Kannada	0
Malayalam	40
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	235
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	25
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	5
Macedonian	0
Polish	10
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	70
Frisian	0
High German languages	50
German	50
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	5
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100
Indo-Aryan languages	100
Assamese	0
Bengali	5
Gujarati	10
Hindi	15
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	15
Romanian	0
Spanish	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	25
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25
Chinese languages	25
Hakka	0
Mandarin	25
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	0
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	5
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	115
English and French	60
English and non-official language(s)	60
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,605
English	8,055
French	20
Non-official language	110
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	110
English and French	100
English and non-official language(s)	300
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15
Multiple non-official languages	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,605
Single responses	8,545
Official languages	8,300
English	8,275
French	25
Non-official languages	240
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	240
Afro-Asiatic languages	5
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	5
Amharic	0
Arabic	5
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	25
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	40
Kannada	0
Malayalam	40
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	130
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	10
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	20
Frisian	0
High German languages	20
German	20
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80
Indo-Aryan languages	80
Assamese	0
Bengali	5
Gujarati	0
Hindi	5
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	10
Romanian	0
Spanish	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	15
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10
Chinese languages	10
Hakka	0
Mandarin	10
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	70
English and French	20
English and non-official language(s)	45
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,605
None	8,245
English	115
French	75
Non-official language	135
Indigenous³⁹	5
Non-Indigenous	135
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,495
Official languages	8,480
English	8,475
French	675
Non-official languages	515
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	515
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	70
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	65
Kannada	0
Malayalam	65
Tamil	25
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	320
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	30
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	105
Frisian	0
High German languages	70
German	70
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30
Afrikaans	20
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	110
Indo-Aryan languages	100
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	85
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80
Catalan	0
Italian	10
Portuguese	20
Romanian	0
Spanish	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	15
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	25
American Sign Language	25
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60
Chinese languages	60
Hakka	0
Mandarin	55
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,490
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	365
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	355
First Nations (North American Indian)	195
Métis	155
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,125
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,490
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	50
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,440
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,260
Owner	2,470
Renter	1,790
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,260
Condominium	115
Not condominium	4,145
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,260
No bedrooms	25
1 bedroom	610
2 bedrooms	1,630
3 bedrooms	1,365
4 or more bedrooms	630
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,260
1 to 4 rooms	1,275
5 rooms	920
6 rooms	745
7 rooms	475
8 or more rooms	840
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,260
One person or fewer per room	4,235
More than one person per room	25
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,260
Suitable	4,130
Not suitable	130
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,260
1960 or before	1,165
1961 to 1980	1,175
1981 to 1990	565
1991 to 2000	440
2001 to 2005	235
2006 to 2010	240
2011 to 2015	200
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	235
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,260
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,900
Major repairs needed	360
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,260
One-maintainer household	2,545
Two-maintainer household	1,615
Three-or-more-maintainer household	95
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,260
15 to 24 years	145
25 to 34 years	485
35 to 44 years	535
45 to 54 years	600
55 to 64 years	850
65 to 74 years	820
75 to 84 years	580
85 years and over	250
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,250
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,265
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	990
30% to less than 100%	905
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,260
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,355
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	895
Not suitable only	100
Major repairs needed only	255
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	2,900
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,170
In core need	570
Not in core need	3,595
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,465
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.1
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.7
% in core housing need⁶³	4.5
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	955
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	218,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,795
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.8
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	42.9
% in core housing need⁶³	26.7
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	920
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	966
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,495
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	185
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	185
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	125
Métis single ancestry	50
Inuit single ancestry	10
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	405
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	390
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	305
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	65
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,905
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,495
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,115
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,200
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,915
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	375
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,495
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,805
Immigrants⁸¹	570
Before 1980	170
1980 to 1990	40
1991 to 2000	30
2001 to 2010	85
2011 to 2021⁸²	240
2011 to 2015	75
2016 to 2021	165
Non-permanent residents⁸³	115
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	570
Under 5 years	45
5 to 14 years	105
15 to 24 years	90
25 to 44 years	250
45 years and over	70
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	570
Americas	135
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	110
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	0
Germany	35
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	0
Poland	0
Portugal	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	140
Other places of birth in Europe	35
Africa	35
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	175
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	30
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	10
Taiwan	0
Philippines	30
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	75
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	165
Americas	25
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	35
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	100
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	55
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	20
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,490
First generation¹⁰⁰	745
Second generation¹⁰¹	650
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,095
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	400
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	280
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	145
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	140
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	100
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	400
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	60
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	270
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,490
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	445
South Asian	170
Chinese	60
Black	60
Filipino	65
Arab	30
Latin American	25
Southeast Asian	15
West Asian	0
Korean	15
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,045
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,495
Canadian	1,675
English	1,745
Irish	1,385
Scottish	1,305
French, n.o.s.¹²²	875
German	1,900
Chinese	85
Italian	110
Indian (India)	160
Ukrainian	35
Dutch	355
Polish	105
Québécois	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	380
Filipino	45
French Canadian	55
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	770
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	115
Métis	120
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	385
Russian	30
Norwegian	65
Welsh	140
Portuguese	30
American	115
Spanish	75
Swedish	45
Hungarian	10
Acadian	275
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15
Jewish	20
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	10
Jamaican	20
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30
Korean	10
Romanian	0
Lebanese	30
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10
Danish	30
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	65
Sikh	0
Austrian	25
Belgian	30
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	0
Mennonite	0
Swiss	65
Finnish	0
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	195
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15
Muslim	0
Egyptian	25
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	10
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	0
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	110
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	10
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	35
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	30
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	10
South African	20
Australian	0
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	350
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	25
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	10
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	30
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	15
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	20
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,490
Buddhist	30
Christian	4,850
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	355
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	975
Baptist	575
Catholic	1,115
Christian Orthodox	20
Jehovah's Witness	10
Latter Day Saints	30
Lutheran	650
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	75
Presbyterian	50
Reformed	0
United Church	770
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	215
Hindu	45
Jewish	20
Muslim	15
Sikh	30
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75
No religion and secular perspectives	3,430
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,450
Non-movers	7,310
Movers	1,135
Non-migrants	535
Migrants	605
Internal migrants	580
Intraprovincial migrants	310
Interprovincial migrants	270
External migrants	20
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,160
Non-movers	4,515
Movers	3,645
Non-migrants	1,060
Migrants	2,585
Internal migrants	2,300
Intraprovincial migrants	1,665
Interprovincial migrants	635
External migrants	280
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,455
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,620
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,835
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,240
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	595
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,650
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,455
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,400
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,820
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,540
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	570
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	345
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	220
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,810
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,280
Bachelor's degree	915
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50
Master's degree	235
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,240
No certificate, diploma or degree	530
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,500
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,600
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	275
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	150
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,265
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70
Bachelor's degree or higher	895
Bachelor's degree	610
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45
Master's degree	185
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,630
Education	295
13. Education	295
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	80
Humanities	180
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10
23. English language and literature/letters	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20
54. History	45
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	365
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95
22. Legal professions and studies	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	50
45. Social sciences	125
Business, management and public administration	835
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	815
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	725
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	75
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	240
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	170
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	175
48. Precision production	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	35
Health and related fields	785
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	730
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	285
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	60
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,745
Education	175
13. Education	175
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	30
Humanities	85
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10
54. History	30
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	290
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85
22. Legal professions and studies	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	40
45. Social sciences	100
Business, management and public administration	550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	475
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	50
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	140
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	110
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130
48. Precision production	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	20
Health and related fields	545
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	500
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	195
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	40
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,500
Location of study inside Canada	2,250
Same as province or territory of residence	1,735
Different than province or territory of residence	515
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	250
Americas	40
United States of America	25
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	70
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	15
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	25
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	110
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	20
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	40
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	45
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	10
Australia	10
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,455
In the labour force	3,945
Employed	3,460
Unemployed	485
Not in the labour force	3,510
Participation rate	52.9
Employment rate	46.4
Unemployment rate	12.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,455
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,405
Worked	4,055
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,100
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,955
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,940
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,875
Employee	3,495
Permanent position	2,850
Temporary position	645
Fixed term (1 year or more)	165
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	475
Self-employed¹⁹²	385
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,940
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,875
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	505
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	170
3 Health occupations	490
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	475
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100
6 Sales and service occupations	1,225
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	530
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	90
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	275
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,940
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65
All industries¹⁹¹	3,875
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	70
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10
22 Utilities	15
23 Construction	215
31-33 Manufacturing	475
41 Wholesale trade	60
44-45 Retail trade	610
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	115
51 Information and cultural industries	60
52 Finance and insurance	70
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	145
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	320
61 Educational services	260
62 Health care and social assistance	710
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110
72 Accommodation and food services	245
81 Other services (except public administration)	145
91 Public administration	220
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,380
English	4,240
French	25
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	95
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,380
Single responses	4,360
Official languages	4,360
English	4,325
French	35
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	20
English and French	20
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,380
None	4,285
English	10
French	65
Non-official language	15
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	15
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,460
Worked at home	430
Worked outside Canada	0
No fixed workplace address	400
Usual place of work	2,620
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,620
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,720
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	710
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	155
Commute to a different province or territory	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,025
Car, truck or van	2,675
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,425
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	250
Public transit	0
Walked	275
Bicycle	10
Other method	55
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,025
Less than 15 minutes	1,945
15 to 29 minutes	630
30 to 44 minutes	265
45 to 59 minutes	45
60 minutes and over	135
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,025
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	165
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	505
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	800
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	740
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	320
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	480
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,285
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	150
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,135
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	935
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	110
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	805

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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