Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Amherst, Town (T)More information: Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,404	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	9,413	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.1	...	...	- 0.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,799	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,480	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	779.4	...	...	779.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12.07	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,405	4,420	4,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,340	680	665	14.2	15.4	13.3
0 to 4 years	355	195	160	3.8	4.4	3.2
5 to 9 years	440	210	230	4.7	4.8	4.6
10 to 14 years	540	270	275	5.7	6.1	5.5
15 to 64 years	5,600	2,670	2,935	59.5	60.4	58.9
15 to 19 years	525	285	235	5.6	6.4	4.7
20 to 24 years	490	255	230	5.2	5.8	4.6
25 to 29 years	435	205	230	4.6	4.6	4.6
30 to 34 years	465	205	260	4.9	4.6	5.2
35 to 39 years	485	225	265	5.2	5.1	5.3
40 to 44 years	495	220	270	5.3	5.0	5.4
45 to 49 years	605	290	315	6.4	6.6	6.3
50 to 54 years	610	295	315	6.5	6.7	6.3
55 to 59 years	745	335	405	7.9	7.6	8.1
60 to 64 years	750	350	395	8.0	7.9	7.9
65 years and over	2,460	1,070	1,385	26.2	24.2	27.8
65 to 69 years	705	335	375	7.5	7.6	7.5
70 to 74 years	670	305	360	7.1	6.9	7.2
75 to 79 years	415	185	230	4.4	4.2	4.6
80 to 84 years	325	135	195	3.5	3.1	3.9
85 years and over	340	115	225	3.6	2.6	4.5
85 to 89 years	205	70	130	2.2	1.6	2.6
90 to 94 years	100	40	60	1.1	0.9	1.2
95 to 99 years	35	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.2	15.4	13.3	14.2	15.4	13.3
15 to 64 years	59.5	60.4	58.9	59.5	60.4	58.9
65 years and over	26.2	24.2	27.8	26.2	24.2	27.8
85 years and over	3.6	2.6	4.5	3.6	2.6	4.5
Average age of the population	46.2	44.6	47.5	46.2	44.6	47.5
Median age of the population	48.8	47.2	50.4	48.8	47.2	50.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,190	...	...	48.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	200	...	...	4.5	...	...
Row house	215	...	...	4.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	355	...	...	7.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	925	...	...	20.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	90	...	...	2.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	500	...	...	11.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,655	...	...	36.9	...	...
2 persons	1,700	...	...	37.9	...	...
3 persons	565	...	...	12.6	...	...
4 persons	385	...	...	8.6	...	...
5 or more persons	175	...	...	3.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,245	4,350	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,060	3,745	4,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,050	2,030	2,025	50.2	54.2	46.9
Married	3,075	1,535	1,535	38.2	41.0	35.5
Living common-law	980	490	490	12.2	13.1	11.3
Living common law - Never married	610	305	305	7.6	8.1	7.1
Living common law - Separated	75	40	40	0.9	1.1	0.9
Living common law - Divorced	250	130	120	3.1	3.5	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	40	10	30	0.5	0.3	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	4,015	1,715	2,295	49.8	45.8	53.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,255	1,170	1,090	28.0	31.2	25.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	355	135	220	4.4	3.6	5.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	680	255	425	8.4	6.8	9.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	720	160	565	8.9	4.3	13.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,650	...	...	62.0	...	...
3 persons	540	...	...	20.3	...	...
4 persons	345	...	...	13.0	...	...
5 or more persons	130	...	...	4.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,990	...	...	74.7	...	...
Married couples	1,500	...	...	56.3	...	...
With children⁶	550	...	...	20.6	...	...
Without children	945	...	...	35.5	...	...
Common-law couples	485	...	...	18.2	...	...
With children⁶	200	...	...	7.5	...	...
Without children	285	...	...	10.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	675	...	...	25.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	525	...	...	19.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	150	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,245	4,350	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	6,985	3,400	3,585	75.6	78.2	73.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,975	1,985	1,990	43.0	45.6	40.7
Parents in one-parent families	675	150	525	7.3	3.4	10.7
Children⁶	2,335	1,265	1,070	25.3	29.1	21.9
In a two-parent family	1,295	690	605	14.0	15.9	12.4
In a one-parent family	1,035	580	460	11.2	13.3	9.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,260	950	1,310	24.4	21.8	26.8
Living alone	1,650	655	995	17.8	15.1	20.3
Living with other relatives⁷	205	90	120	2.2	2.1	2.5
Living with non-relatives only	400	205	195	4.3	4.7	4.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,440	...	...	54.5	...	...
Couple-family households	1,885	...	...	42.1	...	...
With children⁶	705	...	...	15.7	...	...
Without children	1,175	...	...	26.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	560	...	...	12.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	70	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	110	...	...	2.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	200	...	...	4.5	...	...
One-person households	1,650	...	...	36.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,910	3,680	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,645	3,535	4,105	96.6	96.1	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	35,200	31,400	33,200	35,200	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,645	3,540	4,105	96.6	96.2	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	31,600	29,000	30,200	31,600	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,190	2,940	3,250	78.3	79.9	76.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,400	30,400	24,800	27,400	30,400	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,675	2,310	2,370	59.1	62.8	56.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	32,000	28,400	30,000	32,000	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,595	2,925	3,670	83.4	79.5	86.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,300	12,800	13,600	13,300	12,800	13,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	930	465	470	11.8	12.6	11.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,840	5,480	5,480	5,840	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,785	830	965	22.6	22.6	22.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,905	3,675	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,615	3,500	4,110	96.3	95.2	97.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,640	44,360	37,480	40,640	44,360	37,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,620	3,505	4,110	96.4	95.4	97.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,720	36,880	32,880	34,720	36,880	32,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,190	2,930	3,260	78.3	79.7	77.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,080	40,960	31,720	36,080	40,960	31,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,675	2,300	2,375	59.1	62.6	56.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,880	41,520	34,360	37,880	41,520	34,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,605	2,910	3,690	83.6	79.2	87.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,040	12,080	13,780	13,040	12,080	13,780
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	860	425	440	10.9	11.6	10.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,620	6,880	6,360	6,620	6,880	6,360
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,725	750	970	21.8	20.4	22.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,250	9,360	9,160	9,250	9,360	9,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,905	3,675	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,390	1,210	1,175	30.2	32.9	27.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,400	48,400	44,800	46,400	48,400	44,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,450	58,300	50,500	54,450	58,300	50,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,630	720	905	20.6	19.6	21.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000	19,400	13,700	16,000	19,400	13,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,840	27,950	18,800	22,840	27,950	18,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.2	77.4	67.0	72.2	77.4	67.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.2	61.4	53.0	57.2	61.4	53.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.8	22.6	33.0	27.8	22.6	33.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.3	5.3	7.3	6.3	5.3	7.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.2	4.5	5.8	5.2	4.5	5.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,905	3,675	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	265	140	125	3.4	3.8	3.0
With total income	7,640	3,540	4,105	96.6	96.3	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	620	305	320	8.1	8.6	7.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,170	455	715	15.3	12.9	17.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,630	725	910	21.3	20.5	22.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,190	525	665	15.6	14.8	16.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,010	485	525	13.2	13.7	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	665	315	350	8.7	8.9	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	375	190	185	4.9	5.4	4.5
$70,000 to $79,999	300	165	135	3.9	4.7	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	200	105	100	2.6	3.0	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	150	70	80	2.0	2.0	1.9
$100,000 and over	320	185	130	4.2	5.2	3.2
$100,000 to $149,999	240	135	105	3.1	3.8	2.6
$150,000 and over	75	55	25	1.0	1.6	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,905	3,675	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	260	135	125	3.3	3.7	3.0
With after-tax income	7,650	3,540	4,110	96.8	96.3	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	645	310	335	8.4	8.8	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,240	500	745	16.2	14.1	18.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,895	840	1,055	24.8	23.7	25.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,430	675	750	18.7	19.1	18.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,025	490	540	13.4	13.8	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	560	275	290	7.3	7.8	7.1
$60,000 to $69,999	355	180	170	4.6	5.1	4.1
$70,000 to $79,999	240	120	125	3.1	3.4	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	110	65	40	1.4	1.8	1.0
$90,000 to $99,999	50	25	25	0.7	0.7	0.6
$100,000 and over	110	70	35	1.4	2.0	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	55	35	20	0.7	1.0	0.5
$125,000 and over	50	35	20	0.7	1.0	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,905	3,675	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,230	1,370	1,860	40.9	37.3	44.0
With employment income	4,675	2,305	2,365	59.1	62.7	55.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	620	320	305	13.3	13.9	12.9
$5,000 to $9,999	395	165	225	8.4	7.2	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	660	285	370	14.1	12.4	15.6
$20,000 to $29,999	660	320	335	14.1	13.9	14.2
$30,000 to $39,999	590	265	325	12.6	11.5	13.7
$40,000 to $49,999	530	270	255	11.3	11.7	10.8
$50,000 to $59,999	315	165	155	6.7	7.2	6.6
$60,000 to $69,999	220	120	100	4.7	5.2	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	205	120	85	4.4	5.2	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	165	80	90	3.5	3.5	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	95	50	50	2.0	2.2	2.1
$100,000 and over	215	140	80	4.6	6.1	3.4
$100,000 to $124,999	140	85	50	3.0	3.7	2.1
$125,000 and over	80	55	30	1.7	2.4	1.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,910	3,680	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,530	3,480	4,050	95.2	94.6	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	32,400	27,400	29,600	32,400	27,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,535	3,480	4,055	95.3	94.6	95.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,600	29,600	25,800	27,600	29,600	25,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,175	2,940	3,235	78.1	79.9	76.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,800	31,600	24,600	27,800	31,600	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,755	2,350	2,410	60.1	63.9	57.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	32,800	27,800	30,200	32,800	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,035	2,590	3,445	76.3	70.4	81.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,100	9,000	10,700	10,100	9,000	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	785	370	420	9.9	10.1	9.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,080	5,120	5,040	5,080	5,120	5,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,905	3,675	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,500	3,415	4,085	94.9	92.9	96.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,360	41,720	33,720	37,360	41,720	33,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,500	3,415	4,085	94.9	92.9	96.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,040	34,920	29,640	32,040	34,920	29,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,175	2,915	3,255	78.1	79.3	77.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,080	40,040	30,680	35,080	40,040	30,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,750	2,340	2,410	60.1	63.7	57.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,720	40,240	33,280	36,720	40,240	33,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,005	2,535	3,465	76.0	69.0	81.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,560	10,100	10,910	10,560	10,100	10,910
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	690	370	320	8.7	10.1	7.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,060	6,840	7,280	7,060	6,840	7,280
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,905	3,675	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,350	1,195	1,155	29.7	32.5	27.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	44,000	45,600	42,400	44,000	45,600	42,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,120	55,100	47,000	51,120	55,100	47,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,550	705	845	19.6	19.2	20.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	21,600	17,000	18,000	21,600	17,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,080	30,100	22,680	26,080	30,100	22,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	77.4	82.0	72.6	77.4	82.0	72.6
Employment income (%)	62.2	66.2	58.2	62.2	66.2	58.2
Government transfers (%)	22.6	18.0	27.5	22.6	18.0	27.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,480	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	50,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,650	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,000	...	...	29,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,400	...	...	27,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,830	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,480	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,100	...	...	69,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,000	...	...	59,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,650	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,040	...	...	38,040	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,720	...	...	32,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,825	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,200	...	...	87,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,400	...	...	74,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	155	...	...	3.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	405	...	...	9.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	255	...	...	5.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	245	...	...	5.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	265	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	5.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	230	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	420	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	365	...	...	8.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	335	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	255	...	...	5.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	230	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	875	...	...	19.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	355	...	...	7.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...	4.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200	...	...	4.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	110	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	155	...	...	3.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	135	...	...	3.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	435	...	...	9.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	295	...	...	6.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	295	...	...	6.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	285	...	...	6.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	300	...	...	6.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	255	...	...	5.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	465	...	...	10.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	440	...	...	9.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	345	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	245	...	...	5.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	165	...	...	3.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	585	...	...	13.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	290	...	...	6.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	150	...	...	3.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	145	...	...	3.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,680	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,185	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	765	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	645	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	53,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	50,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,055	855	1,190	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	29,800	29,000	29,400	29,800	29,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,600	27,800	27,600	27,600	27,800	27,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,685	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,195	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,400	...	...	81,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,400	...	...	68,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	755	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,800	...	...	120,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	650	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,200	...	...	60,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,100	...	...	54,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,060	830	1,225	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,920	37,100	36,800	36,920	37,100	36,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,920	31,400	32,300	31,920	31,400	32,300
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,240	4,355	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,660	845	815	18.0	19.4	16.7
0 to 5 years	440	235	205	4.8	5.4	4.2
18 to 64 years	5,245	2,475	2,770	56.8	56.8	56.6
65 years and over	2,340	1,030	1,315	25.3	23.7	26.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,040	895	1,140	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	410	210	200	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	145	70	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	945	430	520	...	...	...
65 years and over	680	255	425	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	22.0	20.6	23.3	22.0	20.6	23.3
0 to 17 years (%)	24.5	25.0	24.2	24.5	25.0	24.2
0 to 5 years (%)	33.0	31.0	36.0	33.0	31.0	36.0
18 to 64 years (%)	18.0	17.4	18.7	18.0	17.4	18.7
65 years and over (%)	29.2	24.8	32.6	29.2	24.8	32.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,245	4,350	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,660	850	810	18.0	19.5	16.6
0 to 5 years	440	235	205	4.8	5.4	4.2
18 to 64 years	5,245	2,480	2,765	56.7	57.0	56.5
65 years and over	2,340	1,030	1,310	25.3	23.7	26.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	540	275	265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	100	55	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	25	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	400	200	195	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	15	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.8	6.3	5.4	5.8	6.3	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	6.4	5.6	6.0	6.4	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	11.2	11.0	11.0	11.2	11.0	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	8.2	7.0	7.6	8.2	7.0
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.6	1.9	1.8	1.6	1.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,240	4,355	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,725	3,105	3,615	72.8	71.3	73.9
In bottom decile	1,645	735	915	17.8	16.9	18.7
In second decile	1,710	755	960	18.5	17.3	19.6
In third decile	1,305	620	680	14.1	14.2	13.9
In fourth decile	1,155	560	600	12.5	12.9	12.3
In fifth decile	905	440	470	9.8	10.1	9.6
In top half of the distribution	2,520	1,245	1,275	27.3	28.6	26.1
In sixth decile	780	375	400	8.4	8.6	8.2
In seventh decile	620	310	310	6.7	7.1	6.3
In eighth decile	505	250	255	5.5	5.7	5.2
In ninth decile	395	195	200	4.3	4.5	4.1
In top decile	220	110	110	2.4	2.5	2.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,245	...	...	9,245	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.317	...	...	0.317	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.494	...	...	0.494	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.273	...	...	0.273	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,265	4,370	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	8,615	4,080	4,535	93.0	93.4	92.6
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	640	285	355	6.9	6.5	7.3
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,265	4,370	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,145	4,305	4,840	98.7	98.5	98.9
French	105	50	50	1.1	1.1	1.0
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,265	4,370	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,200	4,340	4,855	99.3	99.3	99.2
Official languages	8,980	4,245	4,740	96.9	97.1	96.8
English	8,860	4,175	4,680	95.6	95.5	95.6
French	125	60	60	1.3	1.4	1.2
Non-official languages	210	95	115	2.3	2.2	2.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	210	95	115	2.3	2.2	2.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	95	50	50	1.0	1.1	1.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	70	30	40	0.8	0.7	0.8
English and French	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,265	4,370	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,935	4,220	4,715	96.4	96.6	96.3
French	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-official language	55	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	95	40	60	1.0	0.9	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	175	85	90	1.9	1.9	1.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,265	4,370	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,215	4,345	4,870	99.5	99.4	99.5
Official languages	9,110	4,295	4,810	98.3	98.3	98.3
English	9,095	4,285	4,805	98.2	98.1	98.2
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	110	50	55	1.2	1.1	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	110	50	55	1.2	1.1	1.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	50	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,265	4,370	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,035	4,270	4,765	97.5	97.7	97.3
English	50	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
French	70	25	45	0.8	0.6	0.9
Non-official language	80	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	75	35	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,245	4,350	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	9,235	4,345	4,895	99.9	99.9	100.0
English	9,235	4,345	4,895	99.9	99.9	100.0
French	645	285	360	7.0	6.6	7.4
Non-official languages	300	150	145	3.2	3.4	3.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	285	150	140	3.1	3.4	2.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	170	100	65	1.8	2.3	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
German	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	55	35	0.9	1.3	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	85	55	35	0.9	1.3	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	75	45	20	0.8	1.0	0.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	65	30	40	0.7	0.7	0.8
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,245	4,350	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	275	105	170	3.0	2.4	3.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	255	105	150	2.8	2.4	3.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	150	60	85	1.6	1.4	1.7
Métis	100	45	50	1.1	1.0	1.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,970	4,245	4,720	97.0	97.6	96.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,245	4,350	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	55	15	35	0.6	0.3	0.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,195	4,340	4,855	99.5	99.8	99.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,565	...	...	57.3	...	...
Renter	1,915	...	...	42.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	155	...	...	3.5	...	...
Not condominium	4,325	...	...	96.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	755	...	...	16.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,480	...	...	33.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,515	...	...	33.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	715	...	...	16.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,400	...	...	31.3	...	...
5 rooms	745	...	...	16.6	...	...
6 rooms	705	...	...	15.7	...	...
7 rooms	570	...	...	12.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,070	...	...	23.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,460	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	4,315	...	...	96.3	...	...
Not suitable	165	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,995	...	...	44.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,080	...	...	24.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	475	...	...	10.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	235	...	...	5.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	205	...	...	4.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	235	...	...	5.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	125	...	...	2.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	135	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,940	...	...	87.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	540	...	...	12.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,615	...	...	58.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,775	...	...	39.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	90	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	160	...	...	3.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	470	...	...	10.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	615	...	...	13.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	725	...	...	16.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	905	...	...	20.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	875	...	...	19.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	505	...	...	11.3	...	...
85 years and over	210	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,575	...	...	79.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	905	...	...	20.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	815	...	...	18.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,440	...	...	32.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	745	...	...	16.6	...	...
Not suitable only	135	...	...	3.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	390	...	...	8.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	140	...	...	3.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,040	...	...	67.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	525	...	...	11.9	...	...
Not in core need	3,870	...	...	88.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,565	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.3	...	...	56.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.2	...	...	8.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	765	...	...	765	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	900	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	160,800	...	...	160,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,915	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.9	...	...	15.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.3	...	...	36.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	23.0	...	...	23.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	770	...	...	770	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	821	...	...	821	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,240	4,355	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	110	40	70	1.2	0.9	1.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	105	40	60	1.1	0.9	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	95	35	55	1.0	0.8	1.1
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	330	115	210	3.6	2.6	4.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	305	115	190	3.3	2.6	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	240	85	150	2.6	2.0	3.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,805	4,195	4,610	95.3	96.3	94.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,245	4,355	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,085	4,270	4,815	98.3	98.0	98.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,640	875	760	17.7	20.1	15.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,450	3,390	4,055	80.6	77.8	82.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	160	85	80	1.7	2.0	1.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,245	4,355	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,885	4,165	4,720	96.1	95.6	96.5
Immigrants⁸¹	285	145	135	3.1	3.3	2.8
Before 1980	80	40	35	0.9	0.9	0.7
1980 to 1990	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
1991 to 2000	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
2001 to 2010	75	40	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	75	40	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
2011 to 2015	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	55	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	40	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	280	145	135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	25	15	15	8.9	10.3	11.1
5 to 14 years	65	40	25	23.2	27.6	18.5
15 to 24 years	30	10	20	10.7	6.9	14.8
25 to 44 years	120	55	60	42.9	37.9	44.4
45 years and over	40	25	15	14.3	17.2	11.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	280	145	135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	55	35	20	19.6	24.1	14.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	25	10	10.7	17.2	7.4
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	80	45	30	28.6	31.0	22.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	10	3.6	0.0	7.4
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	25	20	16.1	17.2	14.8
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	3.6	6.9	0.0
Africa	25	0	15	8.9	0.0	11.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	3.6	0.0	7.4
Asia	125	60	60	44.6	41.4	44.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	7.1	6.9	7.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15	8.9	6.9	11.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	5.4	0.0	7.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	25	15	14.3	17.2	11.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	3.6	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	55	30	25	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	0	0	18.2	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	0	18.2	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	15	10	54.5	50.0	40.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	18.2	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,245	4,350	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	395	210	185	4.3	4.8	3.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	425	200	225	4.6	4.6	4.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,425	3,940	4,480	91.1	90.6	91.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	205	105	95	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	145	90	60	70.7	85.7	63.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	60	55	0	29.3	52.4	0.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	80	30	50	39.0	28.6	52.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	45	15	35	22.0	14.3	36.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	205	105	95	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	25	10	17.1	23.8	10.5
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	15	10	12.2	14.3	10.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	135	65	75	65.9	61.9	78.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,245	4,350	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	465	200	265	5.0	4.6	5.4
South Asian	85	55	35	0.9	1.3	0.7
Chinese	55	35	25	0.6	0.8	0.5
Black	155	55	100	1.7	1.3	2.0
Filipino	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	60	20	40	0.6	0.5	0.8
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	45	10	35	0.5	0.2	0.7
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,780	4,155	4,630	95.0	95.5	94.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,245	4,350	4,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,900	940	955	20.6	21.6	19.5
English	2,600	1,110	1,490	28.1	25.5	30.4
Irish	1,880	915	965	20.3	21.0	19.7
Scottish	2,135	960	1,175	23.1	22.1	24.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,135	500	635	12.3	11.5	13.0
German	375	215	165	4.1	4.9	3.4
Chinese	60	35	25	0.6	0.8	0.5
Italian	105	40	65	1.1	0.9	1.3
Indian (India)	60	25	40	0.6	0.6	0.8
Ukrainian	40	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Dutch	200	85	110	2.2	2.0	2.2
Polish	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	370	160	205	4.0	3.7	4.2
Filipino	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
French Canadian	70	30	35	0.8	0.7	0.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	715	305	410	7.7	7.0	8.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	165	55	110	1.8	1.3	2.2
Métis	85	30	55	0.9	0.7	1.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	405	205	195	4.4	4.7	4.0
Russian	35	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Norwegian	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Welsh	105	30	80	1.1	0.7	1.6
Portuguese	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
American	25	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Spanish	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
Swedish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	515	210	305	5.6	4.8	6.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	20	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Jewish	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Korean	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Romanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	40	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	80	20	60	0.9	0.5	1.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	30	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	245	115	130	2.7	2.6	2.7
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,245	4,350	4,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	4,750	2,025	2,725	51.4	46.6	55.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	410	200	205	4.4	4.6	4.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	505	210	290	5.5	4.8	5.9
Baptist	655	310	345	7.1	7.1	7.1
Catholic	1,620	680	940	17.5	15.6	19.2
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	130	65	65	1.4	1.5	1.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	80	15	60	0.9	0.3	1.2
Presbyterian	75	25	50	0.8	0.6	1.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	985	400	585	10.7	9.2	12.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	225	85	140	2.4	2.0	2.9
Hindu	50	35	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	60	25	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	4,355	2,255	2,105	47.1	51.8	43.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,160	4,300	4,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,045	3,805	4,235	87.8	88.5	87.1
Movers	1,110	495	620	12.1	11.5	12.8
Non-migrants	635	275	360	6.9	6.4	7.4
Migrants	480	215	260	5.2	5.0	5.3
Internal migrants	435	195	235	4.7	4.5	4.8
Intraprovincial migrants	215	100	115	2.3	2.3	2.4
Interprovincial migrants	215	95	125	2.3	2.2	2.6
External migrants	45	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,855	4,140	4,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,265	2,490	2,770	59.5	60.1	58.7
Movers	3,590	1,650	1,940	40.5	39.9	41.1
Non-migrants	1,560	700	860	17.6	16.9	18.2
Migrants	2,035	945	1,080	23.0	22.8	22.9
Internal migrants	1,880	880	1,005	21.2	21.3	21.3
Intraprovincial migrants	1,060	470	590	12.0	11.4	12.5
Interprovincial migrants	825	410	415	9.3	9.9	8.8
External migrants	150	70	80	1.7	1.7	1.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,905	3,675	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,055	1,060	995	26.0	28.8	23.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,855	2,620	3,235	74.1	71.3	76.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,545	2,115	2,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	720	400	325	15.8	18.9	13.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,820	1,720	2,100	84.0	81.3	86.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,905	3,675	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,855	925	930	23.5	25.2	22.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,555	1,235	1,320	32.3	33.6	31.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,495	1,520	1,975	44.2	41.4	46.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,475	1,100	1,375	31.3	29.9	32.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	650	420	230	8.2	11.4	5.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	395	245	150	5.0	6.7	3.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	260	180	75	3.3	4.9	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,690	630	1,060	21.4	17.1	25.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	55	90	1.8	1.5	2.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,015	420	600	12.8	11.4	14.2
Bachelor's degree	665	255	410	8.4	6.9	9.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	40	55	1.2	1.1	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
Master's degree	215	100	115	2.7	2.7	2.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,540	2,120	2,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	635	340	300	14.0	16.0	12.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,600	785	820	35.2	37.0	33.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,300	995	1,310	50.7	46.9	54.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,570	715	855	34.6	33.7	35.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	375	250	125	8.3	11.8	5.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	230	150	80	5.1	7.1	3.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	145	100	45	3.2	4.7	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,135	440	690	25.0	20.8	28.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	25	40	1.4	1.2	1.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	735	280	450	16.2	13.2	18.6
Bachelor's degree	495	195	305	10.9	9.2	12.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	20	30	1.2	0.9	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	15	0.6	0.7	0.6
Master's degree	150	45	100	3.3	2.1	4.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,910	3,675	4,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,410	2,155	2,260	55.8	58.6	53.5
Education	270	75	195	3.4	2.0	4.6
13. Education	270	75	195	3.4	2.0	4.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	30	45	0.9	0.8	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	30	40	0.9	0.8	0.9
Humanities	130	55	80	1.6	1.5	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	35	0.5	0.3	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
54. History	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	295	85	210	3.7	2.3	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	0	85	1.1	0.0	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	50	10	35	0.6	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	15	35	0.7	0.4	0.8
45. Social sciences	70	25	40	0.9	0.7	0.9
Business, management and public administration	795	190	605	10.1	5.2	14.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	65	0.8	0.0	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	730	190	540	9.2	5.2	12.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	40	35	0.9	1.1	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	90	35	1.6	2.4	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	75	30	1.3	2.0	0.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	665	645	25	8.4	17.6	0.6
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
14. Engineering	55	55	0	0.7	1.5	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	135	125	10	1.7	3.4	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	195	185	10	2.5	5.0	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145	145	0	1.8	3.9	0.0
48. Precision production	125	125	0	1.6	3.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	35	20	0.7	1.0	0.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	30	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Health and related fields	670	110	565	8.5	3.0	13.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	615	80	540	7.8	2.2	12.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	330	165	165	4.2	4.5	3.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	190	40	150	2.4	1.1	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	55	15	0.8	1.5	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	75	0	0.9	2.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,545	2,120	2,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,240	1,120	1,120	49.3	52.8	46.2
Education	175	30	145	3.9	1.4	6.0
13. Education	175	30	145	3.9	1.4	6.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	25	35	1.3	1.2	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	25	30	1.2	1.2	1.2
Humanities	80	50	35	1.8	2.4	1.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	15	0.6	0.0	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	225	50	175	5.0	2.4	7.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	0	75	1.8	0.0	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	40	10	35	0.9	0.5	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	45	15	30	1.0	0.7	1.2
45. Social sciences	45	15	30	1.0	0.7	1.2
Business, management and public administration	465	110	355	10.2	5.2	14.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	0	55	1.2	0.0	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	410	110	305	9.0	5.2	12.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	35	15	1.1	1.7	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	60	25	1.9	2.8	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	60	20	1.8	2.8	0.8
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	415	395	20	9.1	18.6	0.8
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
14. Engineering	45	45	0	1.0	2.1	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75	65	10	1.7	3.1	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	130	130	10	2.9	6.1	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	90	0	2.0	4.2	0.0
48. Precision production	60	60	0	1.3	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	30	20	1.1	1.4	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	0	0.7	1.2	0.0
Health and related fields	445	65	380	9.8	3.1	15.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	405	50	355	8.9	2.4	14.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	255	140	115	5.6	6.6	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	140	40	105	3.1	1.9	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	15	1.4	2.4	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	50	0	1.1	2.4	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,545	2,120	2,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,240	1,120	1,120	49.3	52.8	46.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,305	1,000	1,305	50.7	47.2	53.8
Location of study inside Canada	2,155	930	1,225	47.4	43.9	50.5
Same as province or territory of residence	1,390	560	830	30.6	26.4	34.2
Different than province or territory of residence	765	370	395	16.8	17.5	16.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	145	70	80	3.2	3.3	3.3
Americas	35	10	30	0.8	0.5	1.2
United States of America	35	10	30	0.8	0.5	1.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	85	40	45	1.9	1.9	1.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	20	0.7	0.7	0.8
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	20	15	0.7	0.9	0.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,905	3,675	4,230	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,120	2,010	2,105	...	...	...
Employed	3,630	1,755	1,880	...	...	...
Unemployed	490	255	230	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,785	1,665	2,120	...	...	...
Participation rate	52.1	54.7	49.8	52.1	54.7	49.8
Employment rate	45.9	47.8	44.4	45.9	47.8	44.4
Unemployment rate	11.9	12.7	10.9	11.9	12.7	10.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,910	3,675	4,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,755	1,665	2,090	47.5	45.3	49.4
Worked	4,150	2,015	2,140	52.5	54.8	50.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,430	1,235	1,195	30.7	33.6	28.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,720	780	945	21.7	21.2	22.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.9	42.3	42.6	42.9	42.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,120	2,010	2,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	60	2.7	2.7	2.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,010	1,960	2,050	97.3	97.5	97.2
Employee	3,615	1,730	1,880	87.7	86.1	89.1
Permanent position	3,080	1,460	1,620	74.8	72.6	76.8
Temporary position	535	275	260	13.0	13.7	12.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	125	50	75	3.0	2.5	3.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	415	225	185	10.1	11.2	8.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	395	230	165	9.6	11.4	7.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,120	2,010	2,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	60	2.7	2.7	2.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,010	1,960	2,050	97.3	97.5	97.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	30	30	0	0.7	1.5	0.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	575	130	445	14.0	6.5	21.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	150	115	30	3.6	5.7	1.4
3 Health occupations	395	85	310	9.6	4.2	14.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	525	165	365	12.7	8.2	17.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	65	20	45	1.6	1.0	2.1
6 Sales and service occupations	1,295	580	710	31.4	28.9	33.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	555	525	35	13.5	26.1	1.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	75	55	25	1.8	2.7	1.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	355	265	90	8.6	13.2	4.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,120	2,010	2,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110	55	60	2.7	2.7	2.8
All industries¹⁹¹	4,010	1,960	2,050	97.3	97.5	97.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	70	60	10	1.7	3.0	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
22 Utilities	25	25	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
23 Construction	205	185	20	5.0	9.2	0.9
31-33 Manufacturing	625	435	190	15.2	21.6	9.0
41 Wholesale trade	100	70	35	2.4	3.5	1.7
44-45 Retail trade	735	340	400	17.8	16.9	19.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	95	85	0	2.3	4.2	0.0
51 Information and cultural industries	45	15	35	1.1	0.7	1.7
52 Finance and insurance	85	20	65	2.1	1.0	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	85	50	40	2.1	2.5	1.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	190	105	80	4.6	5.2	3.8
61 Educational services	280	75	205	6.8	3.7	9.7
62 Health care and social assistance	625	115	510	15.2	5.7	24.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	20	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
72 Accommodation and food services	285	110	170	6.9	5.5	8.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	150	75	75	3.6	3.7	3.6
91 Public administration	325	145	180	7.9	7.2	8.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,510	2,195	2,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,405	2,145	2,265	97.7	97.7	97.4
French	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	65	35	35	1.4	1.6	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,510	2,195	2,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,505	2,190	2,315	99.9	99.8	99.6
Official languages	4,490	2,180	2,310	99.6	99.3	99.4
English	4,475	2,180	2,300	99.2	99.3	98.9
French	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
English and French	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,510	2,195	2,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,425	2,150	2,270	98.1	97.9	97.6
English	20	15	10	0.4	0.7	0.4
French	50	25	20	1.1	1.1	0.9
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,630	1,750	1,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	435	190	245	12.0	10.9	13.1
Worked outside Canada	20	10	10	0.6	0.6	0.5
No fixed workplace address	335	225	110	9.2	12.9	5.9
Usual place of work	2,845	1,335	1,515	78.4	76.3	80.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,845	1,330	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,060	945	1,115	72.4	71.1	73.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	530	250	280	18.6	18.8	18.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	55	25	30	1.9	1.9	2.0
Commute to a different province or territory	205	115	85	7.2	8.6	5.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,180	1,555	1,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,820	1,395	1,420	88.7	89.7	87.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,460	1,205	1,250	77.4	77.5	76.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	355	190	160	11.2	12.2	9.8
Public transit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Walked	280	115	165	8.8	7.4	10.2
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	75	35	40	2.4	2.3	2.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,180	1,555	1,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,160	1,000	1,155	67.9	64.3	71.1
15 to 29 minutes	520	235	290	16.4	15.1	17.8
30 to 44 minutes	300	185	115	9.4	11.9	7.1
45 to 59 minutes	90	70	20	2.8	4.5	1.2
60 minutes and over	105	65	40	3.3	4.2	2.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,180	1,555	1,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	230	140	85	7.2	9.0	5.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	630	360	265	19.8	23.2	16.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	900	445	465	28.3	28.6	28.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	755	285	475	23.7	18.3	29.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	240	105	135	7.5	6.8	8.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	420	220	205	13.2	14.1	12.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,695	870	830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	35	45	4.7	4.0	5.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,615	830	785	95.3	95.4	94.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,310	655	650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	35	35	5.0	5.3	5.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	5	0	1.1	0.8	0.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	25	30	4.2	3.8	4.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,240	625	615	94.7	95.4	94.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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