Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	New Glasgow, Town (T)More information: Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,471	...	...
Population, 2016¹	9,075	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,782	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,445	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	951.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9.96	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,470	4,385	5,080
0 to 14 years	1,360	705	660
0 to 4 years	395	200	195
5 to 9 years	450	230	220
10 to 14 years	520	275	240
15 to 64 years	5,615	2,640	2,980
15 to 19 years	485	235	240
20 to 24 years	510	270	235
25 to 29 years	495	250	245
30 to 34 years	490	230	265
35 to 39 years	505	230	280
40 to 44 years	580	275	305
45 to 49 years	545	240	295
50 to 54 years	575	250	325
55 to 59 years	695	310	390
60 to 64 years	740	340	395
65 years and over	2,490	1,040	1,445
65 to 69 years	715	330	385
70 to 74 years	690	295	390
75 to 79 years	415	190	230
80 to 84 years	295	115	185
85 years and over	365	110	255
85 to 89 years	210	70	145
90 to 94 years	115	35	75
95 to 99 years	30	0	30
100 years and over	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	16.1	13.0
15 to 64 years	59.3	60.2	58.7
65 years and over	26.3	23.7	28.4
85 years and over	3.9	2.5	5.0
Average age of the population	45.9	43.8	47.7
Median age of the population	47.6	44.8	50.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,445	...	...
Single-detached house	2,610	...	...
Semi-detached house	270	...	...
Row house	130	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	120	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,245	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	65	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,445	...	...
1 person	1,785	...	...
2 persons	1,465	...	...
3 persons	590	...	...
4 persons	410	...	...
5 or more persons	200	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,195	4,300	4,900
Average household size	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,105	3,680	4,425
Married or living common-law	4,040	2,000	2,035
Married	3,225	1,595	1,630
Living common-law	815	405	410
Living common law - Never married	540	270	270
Living common law - Separated	65	30	35
Living common law - Divorced	190	90	95
Living common law - Widowed	25	10	15
Not married and not living common-law	4,070	1,685	2,390
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,295	1,175	1,125
Not married and not living common law - Separated	330	115	215
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	720	250	470
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	720	145	575
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,530	...	...
2 persons	1,460	...	...
3 persons	545	...	...
4 persons	365	...	...
5 or more persons	160	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,535	...	...
Total couple families	1,960	...	...
Married couples	1,550	...	...
With children⁶	680	...	...
Without children	870	...	...
Common-law couples	405	...	...
With children⁶	170	...	...
Without children	240	...	...
Total one-parent families	575	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	485	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	90	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,200	4,295	4,900
Total - Persons in census families	6,875	3,330	3,545
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,915	1,950	1,970
Parents in one-parent families	575	90	480
Children⁶	2,385	1,290	1,090
In a two-parent family	1,500	785	715
In a one-parent family	880	510	375
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,325	965	1,355
Living alone	1,780	695	1,085
Living with other relatives⁷	200	85	120
Living with non-relatives only	340	190	150
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,445	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,315	...	...
Couple-family households	1,850	...	...
With children⁶	805	...	...
Without children	1,045	...	...
One-parent-family households	465	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	95	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	170	...	...
One-person households	1,780	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,835	3,585	4,250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,590	3,470	4,115
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	39,200	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,595	3,475	4,120
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	34,800	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,290	2,905	3,385
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	36,000	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,860	2,365	2,495
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,200	32,800	26,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,435	2,810	3,620
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,200	12,900	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,010	490	520
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,280	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,970	905	1,060
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,835	3,590	4,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,585	3,430	4,155
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,280	51,700	39,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,605	3,435	4,165
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,040	33,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,275	2,865	3,410
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	50,160	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,860	2,330	2,530
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,920	45,480	34,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,380	2,735	3,645
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,880	12,300	13,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	955	430	530
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,020	7,080	6,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,920	830	1,100
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,120	9,240	9,040
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,840	3,585	4,245
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,265	1,170	1,090
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400	58,000	50,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,500	68,400	58,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,930	815	1,120
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,400	17,800	12,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	28,400	19,040
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.0	81.0	70.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.5	59.7	53.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.0	19.0	29.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.7	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.0	4.9	7.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.1	4.3	6.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,835	3,590	4,245
Without total income	250	115	135
With total income	7,585	3,470	4,115
Under $10,000 (including loss)	650	310	340
$10,000 to $19,999	1,055	415	645
$20,000 to $29,999	1,480	580	900
$30,000 to $39,999	1,020	455	560
$40,000 to $49,999	995	440	560
$50,000 to $59,999	695	325	370
$60,000 to $69,999	455	240	210
$70,000 to $79,999	310	175	140
$80,000 to $89,999	235	125	110
$90,000 to $99,999	205	90	105
$100,000 and over	480	315	165
$100,000 to $149,999	335	215	120
$150,000 and over	145	100	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,835	3,590	4,245
Without after-tax income	235	110	125
With after-tax income	7,600	3,480	4,120
Under $10,000 (including loss)	700	325	370
$10,000 to $19,999	1,110	445	665
$20,000 to $29,999	1,670	665	1,005
$30,000 to $39,999	1,345	595	750
$40,000 to $49,999	1,040	485	555
$50,000 to $59,999	625	320	305
$60,000 to $69,999	400	215	185
$70,000 to $79,999	290	150	140
$80,000 to $89,999	135	80	55
$90,000 to $99,999	80	55	25
$100,000 and over	210	150	65
$100,000 to $124,999	120	80	40
$125,000 and over	95	65	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,835	3,590	4,245
Without employment income	2,980	1,225	1,750
With employment income	4,855	2,360	2,500
Under $5,000 (including loss)	905	470	440
$5,000 to $9,999	395	175	220
$10,000 to $19,999	630	280	355
$20,000 to $29,999	535	220	320
$30,000 to $39,999	470	190	280
$40,000 to $49,999	485	220	260
$50,000 to $59,999	320	170	150
$60,000 to $69,999	260	155	110
$70,000 to $79,999	195	100	95
$80,000 to $89,999	180	90	85
$90,000 to $99,999	160	75	85
$100,000 and over	320	220	100
$100,000 to $124,999	150	100	55
$125,000 and over	165	115	50
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,835	3,585	4,250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,445	3,395	4,050
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	37,200	28,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,455	3,395	4,060
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	33,200	26,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,300	2,905	3,390
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,800	35,200	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,980	2,425	2,550
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,800	32,800	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,845	2,455	3,395
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600	9,000	9,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	820	385	435
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,840	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,835	3,590	4,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,455	3,380	4,080
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,080	50,240	37,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,465	3,380	4,085
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,760	40,640	31,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,325	2,895	3,435
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,560	50,520	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,985	2,405	2,580
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,280	45,000	33,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,785	2,385	3,400
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,090	9,900	10,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	845	400	445
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,300	7,560	7,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,840	3,585	4,245
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,255	1,170	1,090
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	53,200	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,900	65,600	53,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,840	785	1,060
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	21,800	16,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,880	32,300	21,120
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.8	86.2	77.0
Employment income (%)	60.9	63.7	57.9
Government transfers (%)	18.2	13.9	22.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.8	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,445	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,780	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,665	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,445	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,790	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,840	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,660	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,445	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	170	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	400	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	220	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	195	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	240	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	235	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	405	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	305	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	225	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,090	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	370	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	265	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	255	...	...
$200,000 and over	195	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,445	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	170	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	105	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	425	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	265	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	255	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	280	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	275	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	250	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	460	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	370	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	310	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	180	...	...
$100,000 and over	760	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	365	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	175	...	...
$150,000 and over	225	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,535	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,060	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	865	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	545	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,125	885	1,235
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,200	30,200	30,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,400	28,600	28,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,540	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,035	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	840	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	565	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,090	900	1,200
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,840	40,700	37,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,160	34,100	32,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,195	4,295	4,900
0 to 17 years	1,655	855	795
0 to 5 years	480	245	240
18 to 64 years	5,275	2,465	2,805
65 years and over	2,265	970	1,300
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,800	785	1,015
0 to 17 years	330	185	145
0 to 5 years	115	70	45
18 to 64 years	920	415	505
65 years and over	550	185	365
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.6	18.2	20.8
0 to 17 years (%)	20.0	21.4	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	24.0	29.0	19.5
18 to 64 years (%)	17.4	16.9	17.9
65 years and over (%)	24.2	18.8	28.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,200	4,295	4,900
0 to 17 years	1,655	860	800
0 to 5 years	480	245	235
18 to 64 years	5,275	2,470	2,810
65 years and over	2,265	970	1,295
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	510	255	255
0 to 17 years	85	35	50
0 to 5 years	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	405	210	190
65 years and over	20	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.5	5.9	5.3
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	3.8	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	4.5	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	8.5	6.9
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.8	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,195	4,295	4,900
In bottom half of the distribution	6,045	2,765	3,280
In bottom decile	1,510	665	840
In second decile	1,395	625	770
In third decile	1,195	540	655
In fourth decile	1,045	510	535
In fifth decile	890	415	475
In top half of the distribution	3,155	1,535	1,625
In sixth decile	800	380	415
In seventh decile	710	350	355
In eighth decile	655	315	340
In ninth decile	550	265	285
In top decile	450	220	225
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,200	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.357	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.515	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.307	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,250	4,325	4,925
English only	8,715	4,120	4,600
French only	0	0	0
English and French	520	200	320
Neither English nor French	10	5	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,250	4,325	4,925
English	9,150	4,270	4,870
French	85	40	45
English and French	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	10	5	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,250	4,325	4,925
Single responses	9,130	4,275	4,860
Official languages	8,805	4,115	4,690
English	8,710	4,070	4,635
French	90	40	50
Non-official languages	330	160	170
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	325	155	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	30
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	40	30
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	65	40	30
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	35	40
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	30	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0
Tamil	5	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	55	70
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	5	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	5	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5
Russian	10	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	5
German	10	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	30
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5
Gujarati	5	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	15
Chinese languages	20	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	120	55	70
English and French	30	15	20
English and non-official language(s)	80	40	45
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,250	4,325	4,925
English	8,785	4,105	4,680
French	15	10	5
Non-official language	90	50	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	90	50	35
English and French	65	25	40
English and non-official language(s)	290	130	165
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,250	4,325	4,925
Single responses	9,180	4,295	4,890
Official languages	9,020	4,210	4,810
English	9,000	4,200	4,805
French	20	15	5
Non-official languages	160	80	75
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	80	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	20	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	30	35
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	30	40
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	65	30	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,250	4,325	4,925
None	8,945	4,195	4,750
English	60	25	30
French	55	25	35
Non-official language	160	70	85
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	155	70	85
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,195	4,300	4,905
Official languages	9,195	4,300	4,905
English	9,195	4,290	4,905
French	440	155	285
Non-official languages	485	220	255
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	465	215	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	25	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	25	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	35	25	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	65	70
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	65	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	215	90	125
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	0	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	0	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	0
Irish	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	15	35
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	40	10	30
German	40	10	30
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	35	50
Indo-Aryan languages	85	35	45
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	60	25	30
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	30	25
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	45	30	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	10
American Sign Language	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10
Chinese languages	25	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,195	4,295	4,905
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	300	155	145
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	280	145	135
First Nations (North American Indian)	140	60	80
Métis	125	75	55
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	10
Non-Indigenous identity	8,900	4,145	4,755
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,195	4,295	4,905
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	65	20	40
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,135	4,275	4,860
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,445	...	...
Owner	2,505	...	...
Renter	1,935	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,445	...	...
Condominium	75	...	...
Not condominium	4,370	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,445	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...
1 bedroom	705	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,245	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,545	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	920	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,445	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,320	...	...
5 rooms	625	...	...
6 rooms	620	...	...
7 rooms	650	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,235	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,445	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,425	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,445	...	...
Suitable	4,285	...	...
Not suitable	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,445	...	...
1960 or before	1,965	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,180	...	...
1981 to 1990	385	...	...
1991 to 2000	390	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...
2006 to 2010	160	...	...
2011 to 2015	155	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,445	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,015	...	...
Major repairs needed	435	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,445	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,725	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,615	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	100	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,445	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...
25 to 34 years	535	...	...
35 to 44 years	590	...	...
45 to 54 years	675	...	...
55 to 64 years	895	...	...
65 to 74 years	915	...	...
75 to 84 years	475	...	...
85 years and over	225	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,445	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,425	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,020	...	...
30% to less than 100%	900	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,445	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,455	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	875	...	...
Not suitable only	130	...	...
Major repairs needed only	290	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	130	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,990	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,325	...	...
In core need	350	...	...
Not in core need	3,975	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,510	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,014	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	174,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	195,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	765	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	826	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,200	4,295	4,900
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	80	40	45
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	80	40	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	65	20	45
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	365	155	205
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	355	150	205
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	235	95	135
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	110	45	70
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,750	4,100	4,650
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,200	4,295	4,900
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,895	4,135	4,760
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,565	830	735
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,330	3,305	4,030
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	300	160	140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,200	4,295	4,900
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,650	4,035	4,615
Immigrants⁸¹	465	215	245
Before 1980	150	65	85
1980 to 1990	45	10	35
1991 to 2000	15	10	10
2001 to 2010	50	25	20
2011 to 2021⁸²	205	110	95
2011 to 2015	40	20	15
2016 to 2021	165	90	80
Non-permanent residents⁸³	80	40	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	465	220	245
Under 5 years	75	20	55
5 to 14 years	65	45	15
15 to 24 years	70	45	25
25 to 44 years	225	85	140
45 years and over	30	20	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	465	220	245
Americas	65	35	35
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	50	25	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	155	60	95
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	15	0	15
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	20	10	10
Poland	10	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	95	40	55
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	35	25	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0
Asia	205	100	105
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	10	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	100	50	55
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10
India	25	10	15
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	170	90	75
Americas	15	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	120	60	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	75	35	45
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,195	4,295	4,905
First generation¹⁰⁰	585	270	310
Second generation¹⁰¹	560	255	300
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,060	3,770	4,290
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	310	155	155
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	215	100	115
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	60	45
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	110	40	70
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	80	40	35
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	310	155	155
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	85	35	45
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	15	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	190	95	95
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,195	4,295	4,905
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	910	485	420
South Asian	100	45	60
Chinese	55	35	20
Black	510	270	235
Filipino	135	75	60
Arab	35	25	10
Latin American	15	0	10
Southeast Asian	20	15	10
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	25	15	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,290	3,810	4,480
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,195	4,300	4,900
Canadian	1,295	610	685
English	1,935	825	1,105
Irish	2,005	865	1,140
Scottish	4,235	1,900	2,340
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,020	455	555
German	455	240	215
Chinese	60	40	25
Italian	110	60	50
Indian (India)	45	20	25
Ukrainian	45	30	15
Dutch	205	75	130
Polish	95	45	50
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	225	120	105
Filipino	85	45	40
French Canadian	35	10	35
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	635	290	350
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	100	55	50
Métis	135	65	70
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	240	120	120
Russian	20	20	0
Norwegian	40	15	30
Welsh	175	95	80
Portuguese	30	10	15
American	35	20	15
Spanish	20	0	15
Swedish	25	20	0
Hungarian	30	25	0
Acadian	225	100	125
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	145	55	90
Jewish	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	65	25	40
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	35	10	25
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	0	15
Danish	30	15	15
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	0	20
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	55	40	15
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	25	0	20
Finnish	20	20	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	20	0	15
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	120	40	75
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	10	25
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	15	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	45	30	15
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	80	45	40
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	10	20
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	15	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	335	140	195
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	15
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	140	75	65
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	35	10	25
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	30	15	15
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	175	110	65
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,195	4,295	4,900
Buddhist	10	0	10
Christian	5,765	2,480	3,285
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	435	210	225
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	480	180	305
Baptist	380	190	190
Catholic	2,320	1,030	1,290
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	95	50	40
Latter Day Saints	40	15	25
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	70	30	35
Presbyterian	885	345	545
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	730	280	455
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	300	145	150
Hindu	15	10	10
Jewish	10	10	0
Muslim	90	55	40
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	60	35	30
No religion and secular perspectives	3,235	1,715	1,525
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,150	4,265	4,885
Non-movers	7,780	3,595	4,180
Movers	1,375	670	700
Non-migrants	640	290	350
Migrants	730	380	355
Internal migrants	670	345	320
Intraprovincial migrants	390	205	185
Interprovincial migrants	280	140	135
External migrants	65	30	35
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,840	4,105	4,735
Non-movers	5,190	2,340	2,845
Movers	3,650	1,765	1,890
Non-migrants	1,140	555	585
Migrants	2,510	1,205	1,300
Internal migrants	2,285	1,100	1,180
Intraprovincial migrants	1,595	730	860
Interprovincial migrants	690	375	320
External migrants	225	105	115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,835	3,585	4,245
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,550	770	785
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,285	2,820	3,460
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,610	2,145	2,460
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	535	305	225
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,075	1,840	2,240
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,835	3,590	4,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,385	680	705
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,365	1,140	1,230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,085	1,770	2,315
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,395	1,055	1,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	595	410	185
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	345	180	165
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	250	230	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,645	605	1,045
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	45	110
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,690	710	980
Bachelor's degree	1,180	475	705
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100	50	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	45	30
Master's degree	305	125	180
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	10	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,610	2,145	2,465
No certificate, diploma or degree	475	275	205
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,295	660	635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,835	1,210	1,620
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,545	715	830
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	360	260	105
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	215	120	90
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	145	135	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,115	450	670
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	10	60
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,290	500	790
Bachelor's degree	920	360	560
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	30	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	20	20
Master's degree	250	80	165
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	0	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,835	3,590	4,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,750	1,820	1,935
Education	405	95	310
13. Education	405	95	310
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	25	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	15	30
Humanities	175	75	100
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	50	15	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	15	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15
54. History	35	20	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	420	140	285
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	95
22. Legal professions and studies	50	40	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	100	25	75
45. Social sciences	125	55	75
Business, management and public administration	1,045	330	720
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	15	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	960	310	645
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	35	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	10	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	70	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	55	60
25. Library science	10	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	795	745	55
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	110	95	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	195	180	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	230	225	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	135	0
48. Precision production	125	110	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	35	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	30	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	10	10
Health and related fields	635	95	540
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	10	40
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	555	70	490
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	265	125	140
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165	40	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,610	2,150	2,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,775	935	845
Education	275	60	215
13. Education	275	60	215
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	20	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	15	25
Humanities	95	55	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	20	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	25	20	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	320	85	240
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	70
22. Legal professions and studies	25	15	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	80	15	65
45. Social sciences	115	40	70
Business, management and public administration	755	255	500
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	690	230	460
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	20	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	55	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	55	60
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	535	490	45
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	60	55	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	120	100	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	165	165	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105	105	0
48. Precision production	80	65	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	25	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	20	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	10
Health and related fields	415	65	350
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	0	35
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	365	55	305
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	175	85	85
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	95	25	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,610	2,150	2,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,775	935	845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,835	1,210	1,625
Location of study inside Canada	2,595	1,100	1,500
Same as province or territory of residence	2,140	885	1,255
Different than province or territory of residence	455	215	240
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	235	110	125
Americas	45	10	25
United States of America	35	10	20
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	25	10	0
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	150	70	75
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	100	50	45
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	25	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	15	10	10
Australia	15	10	10
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,835	3,590	4,250
In the labour force	4,280	2,050	2,230
Employed	3,775	1,825	1,950
Unemployed	510	225	280
Not in the labour force	3,555	1,535	2,020
Participation rate	54.6	57.1	52.5
Employment rate	48.2	50.8	45.9
Unemployment rate	11.9	11.0	12.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,835	3,590	4,250
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,450	1,490	1,955
Worked	4,390	2,100	2,290
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,325	1,200	1,125
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,065	900	1,170
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	41.3	40.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,285	2,055	2,230
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	45	75
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,160	2,010	2,150
Employee	3,840	1,810	2,030
Permanent position	3,065	1,500	1,570
Temporary position	780	315	460
Fixed term (1 year or more)	205	85	120
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	575	230	335
Self-employed¹⁹²	320	195	125
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,285	2,055	2,230
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	45	75
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,160	2,010	2,150
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	30	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	660	210	450
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	245	175	65
3 Health occupations	450	90	360
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	605	210	390
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	25	40
6 Sales and service occupations	1,285	530	750
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	555	520	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	70	60	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	185	155	30
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,285	2,055	2,230
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	45	75
All industries¹⁹¹	4,160	2,010	2,150
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	50	40	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0
22 Utilities	20	20	0
23 Construction	250	235	15
31-33 Manufacturing	275	215	65
41 Wholesale trade	65	50	10
44-45 Retail trade	885	410	475
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	105	95	10
51 Information and cultural industries	35	10	30
52 Finance and insurance	90	25	65
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	35	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	240	130	110
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	20	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	205	150	55
61 Educational services	320	95	220
62 Health care and social assistance	750	140	610
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80	35	45
72 Accommodation and food services	305	125	175
81 Other services (except public administration)	125	50	75
91 Public administration	235	120	110
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,670	2,215	2,450
English	4,615	2,185	2,430
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	40	30	15
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,670	2,215	2,450
Single responses	4,665	2,215	2,450
Official languages	4,665	2,215	2,450
English	4,650	2,215	2,440
French	10	0	10
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,670	2,215	2,450
None	4,630	2,190	2,435
English	10	0	10
French	30	25	0
Non-official language	10	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,775	1,830	1,950
Worked at home	600	230	370
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	405	280	125
Usual place of work	2,770	1,315	1,450
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,770	1,320	1,450
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,420	570	850
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,065	595	470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	220	105	120
Commute to a different province or territory	65	50	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,170	1,595	1,575
Car, truck or van	2,830	1,430	1,390
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,490	1,300	1,190
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	335	130	205
Public transit	15	0	10
Walked	220	105	115
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	105	45	60
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,170	1,595	1,575
Less than 15 minutes	2,075	950	1,125
15 to 29 minutes	715	395	315
30 to 44 minutes	150	100	55
45 to 59 minutes	105	60	40
60 minutes and over	135	95	40
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,170	1,595	1,575
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	225	145	75
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	580	335	240
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	830	440	390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	770	345	430
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	315	110	205
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	460	225	235
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,690	870	815
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	40	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,605	835	775
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,260	660	605
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	35	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	25	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,200	625	580

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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