Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Oromocto, Town (TV)More information: New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,045	...	...
Population, 2016¹	9,223	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,897	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,663	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	404.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22.36	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,045	4,750	4,290
0 to 14 years	1,975	1,025	945
0 to 4 years	625	325	300
5 to 9 years	740	375	360
10 to 14 years	610	330	290
15 to 64 years	6,085	3,320	2,770
15 to 19 years	440	235	210
20 to 24 years	745	465	280
25 to 29 years	980	585	395
30 to 34 years	955	525	430
35 to 39 years	740	405	340
40 to 44 years	585	295	285
45 to 49 years	445	210	235
50 to 54 years	385	195	190
55 to 59 years	425	215	210
60 to 64 years	385	185	205
65 years and over	980	400	580
65 to 69 years	275	115	155
70 to 74 years	250	105	140
75 to 79 years	175	60	110
80 to 84 years	140	60	80
85 years and over	140	55	85
85 to 89 years	100	40	60
90 to 94 years	40	15	20
95 to 99 years	5	0	5
100 years and over	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.8	21.6	22.0
15 to 64 years	67.3	69.9	64.6
65 years and over	10.8	8.4	13.5
85 years and over	1.5	1.2	2.0
Average age of the population	34.7	33.2	36.4
Median age of the population	31.8	30.6	33.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,665	...	...
Single-detached house	2,220	...	...
Semi-detached house	355	...	...
Row house	470	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	40	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,660	...	...
1 person	970	...	...
2 persons	1,295	...	...
3 persons	590	...	...
4 persons	505	...	...
5 or more persons	300	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,980	4,725	4,255
Average household size	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,070	3,720	3,350
Married or living common-law	4,315	2,155	2,155
Married	3,140	1,575	1,565
Living common-law	1,170	580	590
Living common law - Never married	945	460	485
Living common law - Separated	60	35	25
Living common law - Divorced	150	85	70
Living common law - Widowed	10	5	10
Not married and not living common-law	2,755	1,565	1,190
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,940	1,290	655
Not married and not living common law - Separated	205	100	105
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	320	115	200
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	295	55	235
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,470	...	...
2 persons	1,205	...	...
3 persons	525	...	...
4 persons	495	...	...
5 or more persons	245	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,475	...	...
Total couple families	2,130	...	...
Married couples	1,545	...	...
With children⁶	865	...	...
Without children	685	...	...
Common-law couples	585	...	...
With children⁶	265	...	...
Without children	325	...	...
Total one-parent families	340	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	250	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	90	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,980	4,725	4,255
Total - Persons in census families	7,275	3,630	3,645
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,265	2,120	2,140
Parents in one-parent families	340	90	250
Children⁶	2,675	1,415	1,255
In a two-parent family	2,150	1,135	1,020
In a one-parent family	520	280	240
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,700	1,100	605
Living alone	970	595	380
Living with other relatives⁷	115	40	70
Living with non-relatives only	620	465	155
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,660	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,260	...	...
Couple-family households	1,980	...	...
With children⁶	1,055	...	...
Without children	930	...	...
One-parent-family households	275	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	60	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	110	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	255	...	...
One-person households	970	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,005	3,695	3,310
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,755	3,590	3,165
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	64,000	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,755	3,585	3,165
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	53,600	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,270	3,495	2,780
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	63,600	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,465	3,170	2,295
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,200	63,200	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,725	2,030	2,695
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,250	1,190	9,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	635	165	470
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,640	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,095	275	815
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,005	3,700	3,305
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,750	3,580	3,170
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,450	64,200	41,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,750	3,580	3,170
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,240	53,650	35,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,335	3,510	2,825
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	61,900	36,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,465	3,155	2,310
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,880	59,200	37,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,665	1,990	2,670
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,910	6,280	10,870
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	620	165	455
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,480	6,500	6,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,085	265	820
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,940	7,200	8,180
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,005	3,700	3,310
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,260	2,170	1,095
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000	66,500	52,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,200	69,200	54,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,555	605	950
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	36,000	15,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,880	37,600	21,760
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.4	94.6	77.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	75.6	81.2	65.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.5	5.5	22.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.5	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.1	1.2	6.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.4	0.8	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,005	3,700	3,305
Without total income	250	110	140
With total income	6,755	3,590	3,170
Under $10,000 (including loss)	435	135	300
$10,000 to $19,999	565	130	435
$20,000 to $29,999	735	170	560
$30,000 to $39,999	690	190	495
$40,000 to $49,999	700	320	380
$50,000 to $59,999	775	475	300
$60,000 to $69,999	1,140	905	235
$70,000 to $79,999	700	525	180
$80,000 to $89,999	405	275	125
$90,000 to $99,999	205	145	60
$100,000 and over	415	320	95
$100,000 to $149,999	350	270	80
$150,000 and over	60	45	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,005	3,700	3,305
Without after-tax income	250	105	140
With after-tax income	6,755	3,590	3,170
Under $10,000 (including loss)	465	140	325
$10,000 to $19,999	600	140	460
$20,000 to $29,999	890	220	670
$30,000 to $39,999	845	295	550
$40,000 to $49,999	1,015	595	425
$50,000 to $59,999	1,375	1,065	305
$60,000 to $69,999	790	575	210
$70,000 to $79,999	355	245	105
$80,000 to $89,999	195	140	50
$90,000 to $99,999	105	90	20
$100,000 and over	130	95	35
$100,000 to $124,999	90	65	25
$125,000 and over	40	25	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,005	3,700	3,305
Without employment income	1,535	525	1,015
With employment income	5,465	3,170	2,295
Under $5,000 (including loss)	430	135	295
$5,000 to $9,999	295	85	205
$10,000 to $19,999	455	135	320
$20,000 to $29,999	415	135	275
$30,000 to $39,999	425	175	255
$40,000 to $49,999	510	260	250
$50,000 to $59,999	615	430	185
$60,000 to $69,999	1,030	835	195
$70,000 to $79,999	585	465	120
$80,000 to $89,999	305	220	85
$90,000 to $99,999	130	90	45
$100,000 and over	270	205	65
$100,000 to $124,999	185	145	35
$125,000 and over	85	55	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,005	3,695	3,310
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,675	3,545	3,125
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,000	63,600	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,690	3,545	3,140
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	52,400	29,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,240	3,465	2,775
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	62,800	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,460	3,160	2,300
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,000	61,600	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,120	1,655	2,465
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,320	1,500	6,850
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	660	240	425
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400	5,160	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,005	3,700	3,305
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,675	3,545	3,135
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,040	62,550	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,690	3,545	3,145
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	51,750	32,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,290	3,470	2,820
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,360	61,050	34,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,465	3,150	2,315
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,960	58,450	35,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,095	1,665	2,425
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,420	6,045	8,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	675	255	420
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,960	6,200	7,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,005	3,700	3,310
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,250	2,170	1,075
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800	65,500	46,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,900	66,600	49,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,455	565	890
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	41,200	18,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,320	42,000	24,640
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.0	95.4	83.0
Employment income (%)	78.4	83.2	69.8
Government transfers (%)	8.9	4.6	17.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	0.7	2.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,660	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	970	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,695	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,665	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	83,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	975	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,690	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,665	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	90	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	250	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	410	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	330	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	310	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	295	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,560	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	615	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	450	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	370	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,665	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	140	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	465	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	365	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	400	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	345	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	330	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,080	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	615	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	275	...	...
$150,000 and over	190	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,455	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	960	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,135	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	330	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,590	1,055	530
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,000	60,800	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,200	51,200	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,465	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	940	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,120	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,555	1,025	525
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,250	59,400	41,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,280	50,100	35,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,980	4,725	4,250
0 to 17 years	2,260	1,170	1,085
0 to 5 years	770	400	370
18 to 64 years	5,785	3,165	2,615
65 years and over	935	390	550
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	420	180	240
0 to 17 years	120	70	50
0 to 5 years	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	195	85	110
65 years and over	105	30	75
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.7	3.8	5.6
0 to 17 years (%)	5.3	6.0	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	4.8	4.5	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	2.6	4.2
65 years and over (%)	11.4	7.2	14.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,980	4,725	4,255
0 to 17 years	2,260	1,170	1,090
0 to 5 years	770	400	370
18 to 64 years	5,780	3,170	2,615
65 years and over	940	385	550
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	130	65	70
0 to 17 years	40	25	20
0 to 5 years	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	80	35	40
65 years and over	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.5	1.4	1.6
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	2.2	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.6	1.6	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	1.4	1.1	1.6
65 years and over (%)	1.2	x	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,980	4,730	4,255
In bottom half of the distribution	4,745	2,390	2,350
In bottom decile	390	155	235
In second decile	560	240	320
In third decile	1,045	495	550
In fourth decile	1,335	725	610
In fifth decile	1,415	780	640
In top half of the distribution	4,235	2,335	1,900
In sixth decile	1,330	795	535
In seventh decile	1,135	620	515
In eighth decile	880	460	420
In ninth decile	620	320	305
In top decile	270	140	130
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,980	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.223	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.285	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.200	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,980	4,725	4,255
English only	6,520	3,470	3,050
French only	175	90	85
English and French	2,270	1,160	1,110
Neither English nor French	10	0	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,980	4,725	4,255
English	7,665	4,020	3,645
French	1,260	680	580
English and French	45	25	25
Neither English nor French	10	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,980	4,725	4,255
Single responses	8,775	4,635	4,145
Official languages	8,560	4,530	4,030
English	7,315	3,860	3,455
French	1,245	670	575
Non-official languages	215	105	115
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	210	105	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	135	60	75
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	15	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	10	25
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	25	10	20
German	25	10	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5
Romanian	10	5	5
Spanish	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5
Chinese languages	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	205	95	110
English and French	150	65	85
English and non-official language(s)	40	25	15
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,980	4,725	4,255
English	7,470	3,940	3,535
French	740	400	340
Non-official language	40	15	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	15	25
English and French	525	275	255
English and non-official language(s)	165	80	85
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,980	4,725	4,255
Single responses	8,815	4,635	4,175
Official languages	8,750	4,615	4,145
English	7,880	4,130	3,750
French	875	480	390
Non-official languages	60	25	35
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	25	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	10	25
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	5	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5
Chinese languages	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	165	90	75
English and French	120	70	50
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,980	4,725	4,255
None	8,400	4,440	3,960
English	150	85	65
French	280	130	150
Non-official language	115	55	60
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	5
Non-Indigenous	100	50	50
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,980	4,730	4,250
Official languages	8,980	4,730	4,250
English	8,840	4,650	4,190
French	2,455	1,245	1,210
Non-official languages	390	150	240
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	0	15
Algonquian languages	20	0	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	375	150	225
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	30	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	30	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	240	80	160
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	10	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0
Russian	20	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	35	45
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	70	35	35
German	70	35	35
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	15	40
Indo-Aryan languages	55	15	40
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	45	10	35
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	20	60
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0
Romanian	10	0	10
Spanish	50	10	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15
American Sign Language	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10
Chinese languages	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,980	4,725	4,255
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	380	200	185
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	365	190	175
First Nations (North American Indian)	240	125	115
Métis	100	50	50
Inuk (Inuit)	30	20	10
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,595	4,525	4,070
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,980	4,725	4,255
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	155	90	70
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,825	4,640	4,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,665	...	...
Owner	1,810	...	...
Renter	1,855	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,665	...	...
Condominium	120	...	...
Not condominium	3,545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,665	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...
1 bedroom	170	...	...
2 bedrooms	815	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,455	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,665	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	585	...	...
5 rooms	635	...	...
6 rooms	635	...	...
7 rooms	530	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,275	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,665	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,645	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,665	...	...
Suitable	3,585	...	...
Not suitable	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,665	...	...
1960 or before	655	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,040	...	...
1981 to 1990	330	...	...
1991 to 2000	565	...	...
2001 to 2005	340	...	...
2006 to 2010	405	...	...
2011 to 2015	230	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,665	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,455	...	...
Major repairs needed	205	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,665	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,905	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,675	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	90	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	320	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,055	...	...
35 to 44 years	775	...	...
45 to 54 years	455	...	...
55 to 64 years	450	...	...
65 to 74 years	300	...	...
75 to 84 years	200	...	...
85 years and over	115	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,635	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,400	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	240	...	...
30% to less than 100%	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,665	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	495	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	220	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...
Major repairs needed only	185	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,170	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,625	...	...
In core need	80	...	...
Not in core need	3,550	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,810	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	67.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,216	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	257,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	20.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	934	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,980	4,725	4,255
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	155	100	60
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	150	85	60
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	115	80	30
Métis single ancestry	40	10	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	10	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	540	235	300
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	515	225	290
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	430	175	255
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	40	20
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	15
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	20	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,285	4,395	3,895
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,980	4,725	4,250
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,870	4,690	4,185
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,260	1,175	1,090
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,610	3,515	3,090
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	105	35	70
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,980	4,725	4,250
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,620	4,555	4,065
Immigrants⁸¹	310	155	155
Before 1980	95	45	45
1980 to 1990	30	10	20
1991 to 2000	40	30	0
2001 to 2010	65	30	35
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	35	50
2011 to 2015	40	20	25
2016 to 2021	40	15	25
Non-permanent residents⁸³	45	10	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	310	155	150
Under 5 years	55	45	10
5 to 14 years	85	45	35
15 to 24 years	70	20	50
25 to 44 years	95	40	60
45 years and over	10	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	310	155	150
Americas	55	20	35
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	140	70	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	50	25	25
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	10
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0
Romania	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	15	20
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	100	50	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	30	15	20
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	40	20	25
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	35	20	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	20	10	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,980	4,730	4,255
First generation¹⁰⁰	450	205	250
Second generation¹⁰¹	760	420	345
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,765	4,100	3,660
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	220	110	110
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	125	70	55
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	10	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	105	60	40
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	85	25	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	220	110	110
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	0	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	10	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	165	95	75
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,980	4,730	4,255
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	335	180	155
South Asian	85	40	50
Chinese	35	20	15
Black	80	50	30
Filipino	40	20	15
Arab	20	10	0
Latin American	20	10	20
Southeast Asian	10	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	20	15	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,645	4,545	4,100
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,980	4,725	4,250
Canadian	2,335	1,245	1,090
English	1,995	985	1,010
Irish	2,305	1,160	1,145
Scottish	1,980	1,060	920
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,310	680	630
German	785	410	375
Chinese	40	25	15
Italian	195	130	65
Indian (India)	70	25	45
Ukrainian	165	65	95
Dutch	245	130	105
Polish	95	45	55
Québécois	165	95	70
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	330	165	165
Filipino	30	15	15
French Canadian	180	105	75
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	565	310	255
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	285	110	170
Métis	110	55	60
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	240	120	120
Russian	65	40	20
Norwegian	55	35	15
Welsh	200	100	105
Portuguese	60	35	25
American	85	35	50
Spanish	70	35	30
Swedish	25	15	10
Hungarian	40	25	20
Acadian	360	165	195
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	15	20
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	10	0
Greek	45	30	15
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	35	10	20
Korean	15	10	0
Romanian	40	20	20
Lebanese	40	15	25
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	35	20	10
Danish	35	30	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	75	45	30
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	45	10	30
Belgian	70	40	30
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	20	0	15
Finnish	20	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	110	65	45
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	45	10	30
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	25	0	20
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	40	15
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	50	35	10
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	35	25	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	115	50	60
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	25	20	0
Israeli	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	10	10
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	15	10	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	15	15	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	35	15	15
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	20	10	0
Maliseet	40	25	15
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,980	4,725	4,255
Buddhist	20	10	10
Christian	4,430	2,160	2,275
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	455	240	215
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	430	220	215
Baptist	295	130	165
Catholic	2,380	1,150	1,225
Christian Orthodox	30	15	15
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	30	20	15
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	0	20
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	80	45	35
Presbyterian	55	20	35
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	405	215	195
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	205	80	125
Hindu	25	20	0
Jewish	15	0	10
Muslim	25	15	10
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	95	50	50
No religion and secular perspectives	4,325	2,455	1,875
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,845	4,665	4,180
Non-movers	7,390	3,880	3,510
Movers	1,455	785	675
Non-migrants	555	340	215
Migrants	900	445	455
Internal migrants	885	440	445
Intraprovincial migrants	290	150	145
Interprovincial migrants	595	295	295
External migrants	15	0	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,345	4,410	3,935
Non-movers	3,425	1,730	1,695
Movers	4,920	2,675	2,240
Non-migrants	895	520	375
Migrants	4,025	2,160	1,865
Internal migrants	3,950	2,135	1,820
Intraprovincial migrants	1,245	565	675
Interprovincial migrants	2,700	1,565	1,140
External migrants	70	25	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,005	3,700	3,310
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	905	470	435
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,100	3,230	2,875
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,880	2,620	2,260
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	300	180	125
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,580	2,440	2,135
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,005	3,695	3,305
No certificate, diploma or degree	825	435	395
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,845	1,815	1,030
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,330	1,450	1,885
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,065	910	1,150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	600	390	210
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	400	215	180
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	200	175	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,355	465	890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	65	45
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,270	535	730
Bachelor's degree	945	400	540
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	25	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0
Master's degree	250	105	140
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,880	2,615	2,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	255	150	100
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,835	1,245	590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,790	1,220	1,575
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,670	770	905
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	470	310	160
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	315	180	130
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	155	130	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,140	405	730
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	50	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,115	450	665
Bachelor's degree	845	355	490
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	0	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0
Master's degree	210	85	130
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,005	3,695	3,305
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,670	2,250	1,420
Education	240	50	185
13. Education	240	50	185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	20	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	15	30
Humanities	200	105	90
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	40	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	20	0
54. History	40	15	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	445	135	310
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	0	105
22. Legal professions and studies	45	25	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	10	10
42. Psychology	90	25	70
45. Social sciences	150	55	90
Business, management and public administration	545	160	390
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	480	150	330
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	40	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	15	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	10	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	45	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	45	30
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	600	510	90
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	90	65	25
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	120	100	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	145	130	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	175	160	15
48. Precision production	65	55	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	25	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0
Health and related fields	610	80	525
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	40	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	540	45	500
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	425	270	150
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	155	45	115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	60	50	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0
43. Security and protective services	135	115	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,880	2,620	2,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,090	1,400	690
Education	195	40	155
13. Education	195	40	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	25	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	15	30
Humanities	170	95	75
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	30	15	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	45	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0
54. History	30	10	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	380	105	275
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	95
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	80	25	60
45. Social sciences	130	50	85
Business, management and public administration	440	140	300
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	385	130	255
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	40	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	30	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	30	30
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	475	420	55
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	70	55	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	75	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	105	95	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	140	135	10
48. Precision production	60	55	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	20	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0
Health and related fields	510	65	440
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	35	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	445	30	415
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	370	240	130
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	125	35	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	45	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	125	100	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,880	2,620	2,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,090	1,400	690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,790	1,220	1,570
Location of study inside Canada	2,690	1,190	1,505
Same as province or territory of residence	1,180	445	735
Different than province or territory of residence	1,515	745	775
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	100	30	70
Americas	35	15	25
United States of America	35	15	25
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	20	0	15
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	30	10	25
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,005	3,695	3,305
In the labour force	4,890	2,815	2,075
Employed	4,670	2,725	1,945
Unemployed	225	90	130
Not in the labour force	2,110	880	1,230
Participation rate	69.8	76.2	62.8
Employment rate	66.7	73.7	58.9
Unemployment rate	4.6	3.2	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,005	3,695	3,305
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,085	895	1,195
Worked	4,915	2,805	2,115
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,310	2,185	1,125
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,610	615	995
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.6	46.4	42.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,890	2,815	2,075
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	20	25
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,850	2,795	2,055
Employee	4,665	2,745	1,920
Permanent position	3,695	2,170	1,530
Temporary position	970	575	390
Fixed term (1 year or more)	650	465	185
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	315	110	205
Self-employed¹⁹²	180	50	135
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,890	2,815	2,075
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	20	25
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,850	2,795	2,055
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	0	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	600	150	455
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	255	195	65
3 Health occupations	320	35	290
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,270	1,735	535
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90	25	65
6 Sales and service occupations	885	290	590
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	355	320	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	40	35	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	15	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,890	2,815	2,075
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	45	20	25
All industries¹⁹¹	4,850	2,795	2,055
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	10	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0
22 Utilities	15	0	15
23 Construction	110	85	20
31-33 Manufacturing	35	25	10
41 Wholesale trade	15	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	345	110	230
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	65	55	0
51 Information and cultural industries	40	20	20
52 Finance and insurance	75	10	65
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	130	50	75
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	145	70	75
61 Educational services	280	45	240
62 Health care and social assistance	485	50	435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	20	25
72 Accommodation and food services	280	95	185
81 Other services (except public administration)	115	20	95
91 Public administration	2,625	2,105	520
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,195	2,920	2,270
English	4,355	2,500	1,860
French	100	20	75
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	735	400	335
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,195	2,920	2,270
Single responses	5,070	2,840	2,230
Official languages	5,070	2,840	2,230
English	4,905	2,785	2,115
French	165	50	110
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	120	80	40
English and French	120	80	40
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,195	2,920	2,270
None	4,580	2,605	1,975
English	60	30	40
French	545	295	260
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,670	2,725	1,940
Worked at home	430	180	250
Worked outside Canada	35	35	0
No fixed workplace address	705	500	205
Usual place of work	3,495	2,010	1,480
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,490	2,010	1,480
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,180	1,360	820
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	495	390	105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	785	240	545
Commute to a different province or territory	35	20	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,195	2,510	1,685
Car, truck or van	4,005	2,390	1,625
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,680	2,260	1,425
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	330	130	200
Public transit	0	0	0
Walked	125	90	40
Bicycle	30	20	10
Other method	30	15	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,195	2,510	1,685
Less than 15 minutes	2,905	1,945	960
15 to 29 minutes	1,015	435	580
30 to 44 minutes	185	80	110
45 to 59 minutes	45	20	20
60 minutes and over	50	30	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,195	2,510	1,685
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	130	90	40
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	590	380	215
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,905	1,285	620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	855	400	450
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	330	160	180
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	395	205	190
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,295	1,190	1,100
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	620	315	305
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,675	875	795
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,620	845	780
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	430	225	205
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	280	145	140
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	150	80	70
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,195	615	570

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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