Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Riverview, Town (TV)More information: New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	20,584
Population, 2016¹	19,667
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.7
Total private dwellings²	8,797
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,651
Population density per square kilometre	603.7
Land area in square kilometres	34.10
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	20,585
0 to 14 years	3,125
0 to 4 years	835
5 to 9 years	1,085
10 to 14 years	1,210
15 to 64 years	12,920
15 to 19 years	1,195
20 to 24 years	1,040
25 to 29 years	1,025
30 to 34 years	1,110
35 to 39 years	1,375
40 to 44 years	1,385
45 to 49 years	1,505
50 to 54 years	1,420
55 to 59 years	1,520
60 to 64 years	1,350
65 years and over	4,540
65 to 69 years	1,275
70 to 74 years	1,275
75 to 79 years	930
80 to 84 years	535
85 years and over	535
85 to 89 years	325
90 to 94 years	160
95 to 99 years	40
100 years and over	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.2
15 to 64 years	62.8
65 years and over	22.1
85 years and over	2.6
Average age of the population	43.9
Median age of the population	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,650
Single-detached house	5,500
Semi-detached house	690
Row house	475
Apartment or flat in a duplex	160
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,365
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70
Other single-attached house	0
Movable dwelling⁴	390
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,655
1 person	2,265
2 persons	3,405
3 persons	1,375
4 persons	1,110
5 or more persons	495
Number of persons in private households	20,295
Average household size	2.4
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	17,460
Married or living common-law	10,550
Married	8,415
Living common-law	2,140
Living common law - Never married	1,475
Living common law - Separated	140
Living common law - Divorced	445
Living common law - Widowed	80
Not married and not living common-law	6,915
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,170
Not married and not living common law - Separated	535
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,050
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,155
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,160
2 persons	3,430
3 persons	1,335
4 persons	1,030
5 or more persons	360
Average size of census families	2.7
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,155
Total couple families	5,195
Married couples	4,135
With children⁶	1,915
Without children	2,220
Common-law couples	1,065
With children⁶	455
Without children	615
Total one-parent families	960
in which the parent is a woman+	745
in which the parent is a man+	215
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	20,295
Total - Persons in census families	16,905
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,395
Parents in one-parent families	965
Children⁶	5,545
In a two-parent family	4,125
In a one-parent family	1,425
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,395
Living alone	2,265
Living with other relatives⁷	385
Living with non-relatives only	740
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,650
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,610
Couple-family households	4,850
With children⁶	2,205
Without children	2,645
One-parent-family households	760
Multigenerational households⁸	170
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	245
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	325
One-person households	2,265
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	17,175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,685
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,685
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,260
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,200
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,935
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,050
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,980
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	17,170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,675
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,685
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,270
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,200
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,900
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,135
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,945
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,010
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,580
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	17,175
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,235
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,550
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,260
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	17,175
Without total income	495
With total income	16,680
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,245
$10,000 to $19,999	1,815
$20,000 to $29,999	2,505
$30,000 to $39,999	2,535
$40,000 to $49,999	2,410
$50,000 to $59,999	1,785
$60,000 to $69,999	1,280
$70,000 to $79,999	870
$80,000 to $89,999	680
$90,000 to $99,999	505
$100,000 and over	1,055
$100,000 to $149,999	750
$150,000 and over	305
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	17,175
Without after-tax income	490
With after-tax income	16,690
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,360
$10,000 to $19,999	1,875
$20,000 to $29,999	3,015
$30,000 to $39,999	3,240
$40,000 to $49,999	2,580
$50,000 to $59,999	1,750
$60,000 to $69,999	1,080
$70,000 to $79,999	765
$80,000 to $89,999	395
$90,000 to $99,999	180
$100,000 and over	435
$100,000 to $124,999	210
$125,000 and over	225
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	17,175
Without employment income	4,980
With employment income	12,195
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,645
$5,000 to $9,999	975
$10,000 to $19,999	1,315
$20,000 to $29,999	1,205
$30,000 to $39,999	1,415
$40,000 to $49,999	1,450
$50,000 to $59,999	1,050
$60,000 to $69,999	845
$70,000 to $79,999	590
$80,000 to $89,999	555
$90,000 to $99,999	360
$100,000 and over	790
$100,000 to $124,999	410
$125,000 and over	385
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	17,175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,385
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,395
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,145
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,270
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,280
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,610
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	17,170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,335
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,345
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,070
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,260
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,075
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,600
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	17,175
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,240
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,270
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,040
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	86.4
Employment income (%)	71.4
Government transfers (%)	13.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,655
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,500
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,265
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,600
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,385
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,650
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,700
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	77,900
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,270
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,400
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,360
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,380
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,800
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,300
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,655
Under $5,000	50
$5,000 to $9,999	30
$10,000 to $14,999	65
$15,000 to $19,999	80
$20,000 to $24,999	305
$25,000 to $29,999	275
$30,000 to $34,999	295
$35,000 to $39,999	375
$40,000 to $44,999	360
$45,000 to $49,999	390
$50,000 to $59,999	745
$60,000 to $69,999	715
$70,000 to $79,999	675
$80,000 to $89,999	665
$90,000 to $99,999	565
$100,000 and over	3,065
$100,000 to $124,999	1,145
$125,000 to $149,999	710
$150,000 to $199,999	755
$200,000 and over	460
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,655
Under $5,000	55
$5,000 to $9,999	35
$10,000 to $14,999	60
$15,000 to $19,999	90
$20,000 to $24,999	330
$25,000 to $29,999	345
$30,000 to $34,999	385
$35,000 to $39,999	430
$40,000 to $44,999	465
$45,000 to $49,999	430
$50,000 to $59,999	875
$60,000 to $69,999	885
$70,000 to $79,999	810
$80,000 to $89,999	730
$90,000 to $99,999	590
$100,000 and over	2,140
$100,000 to $124,999	1,010
$125,000 to $149,999	545
$150,000 and over	585
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,135
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000
Average family size of economic families	2.8
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,675
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,390
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	915
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,010
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,130
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,500
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,900
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,645
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,500
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,600
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,410
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,700
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	910
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,800
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,500
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,045
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,520
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	20,295
0 to 17 years	3,875
0 to 5 years	1,030
18 to 64 years	12,155
65 years and over	4,265
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,760
0 to 17 years	405
0 to 5 years	125
18 to 64 years	845
65 years and over	510
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.4
0 to 5 years (%)	12.2
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0
65 years and over (%)	11.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	20,295
0 to 17 years	3,880
0 to 5 years	1,030
18 to 64 years	12,150
65 years and over	4,270
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	555
0 to 17 years	125
0 to 5 years	40
18 to 64 years	370
65 years and over	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	3.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0
65 years and over (%)	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	20,295
In bottom half of the distribution	11,390
In bottom decile	1,475
In second decile	2,320
In third decile	2,525
In fourth decile	2,540
In fifth decile	2,535
In top half of the distribution	8,905
In sixth decile	2,315
In seventh decile	2,120
In eighth decile	1,850
In ninth decile	1,580
In top decile	1,045
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	20,295
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.280
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.388
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.244
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	20,440
English only	14,390
French only	60
English and French	5,960
Neither English nor French	40
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	20,440
English	18,520
French	1,755
English and French	130
Neither English nor French	35
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	20,440
Single responses	19,910
Official languages	19,120
English	17,385
French	1,735
Non-official languages	795
Indigenous languages³⁹	5
Algonquian languages	5
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5
Mi'kmaq	5
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	790
Afro-Asiatic languages	90
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	90
Amharic	0
Arabic	75
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	10
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	65
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	5
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	5
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	5
Haitian Creole	5
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	25
Kannada	0
Malayalam	5
Tamil	10
Telugu	10
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	430
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	95
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	5
Czech	5
Macedonian	0
Polish	25
Russian	45
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	65
Frisian	0
High German languages	30
German	30
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	25
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120
Indo-Aryan languages	95
Assamese	0
Bengali	5
Gujarati	10
Hindi	20
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5
Urdu	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	25
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	20
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140
Catalan	0
Italian	20
Portuguese	35
Romanian	20
Spanish	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	70
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	10
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50
Chinese languages	45
Hakka	0
Mandarin	40
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	5
S'gaw Karen	5
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	5
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	10
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	530
English and French	375
English and non-official language(s)	125
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	20,440
English	17,995
French	490
Non-official language	220
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	220
English and French	1,060
English and non-official language(s)	540
French and non-official language(s)	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	70
Multiple non-official languages	20
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	20,440
Single responses	20,075
Official languages	19,620
English	18,930
French	680
Non-official languages	460
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	460
Afro-Asiatic languages	45
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	45
Amharic	0
Arabic	40
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	5
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	40
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	15
Kannada	0
Malayalam	5
Tamil	0
Telugu	10
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	210
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	45
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	5
Russian	30
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	10
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75
Indo-Aryan languages	60
Assamese	0
Bengali	5
Gujarati	0
Hindi	15
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	15
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	10
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	25
Romanian	15
Spanish	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	70
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	10
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40
Chinese languages	35
Hakka	0
Mandarin	35
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	5
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	5
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	365
English and French	180
English and non-official language(s)	155
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	20,440
None	19,030
English	325
French	735
Non-official language	230
Indigenous³⁹	5
Non-Indigenous	225
English and French	15
English and non-official language(s)	45
French and non-official language(s)	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	25
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	20,295
Official languages	20,270
English	20,185
French	5,990
Non-official languages	1,315
Indigenous languages³⁹	10
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,305
Afro-Asiatic languages	85
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	85
Amharic	0
Arabic	65
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	15
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	180
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	10
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	25
Haitian Creole	20
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	90
Kannada	0
Malayalam	25
Tamil	55
Telugu	15
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	705
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	150
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	150
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	25
Russian	80
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	100
Frisian	0
High German languages	50
German	50
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	35
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	10
Danish	10
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	285
Indo-Aryan languages	250
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	10
Hindi	170
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20
Urdu	50
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	30
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	30
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	25
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175
Catalan	0
Italian	45
Portuguese	10
Romanian	0
Spanish	140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	15
Korean	130
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	35
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	25
American Sign Language	20
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55
Chinese languages	30
Hakka	0
Mandarin	25
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	20,300
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	395
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	385
First Nations (North American Indian)	250
Métis	130
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10
Non-Indigenous identity	19,905
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	20,300
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	100
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,200
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,650
Owner	6,580
Renter	2,070
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,650
Condominium	605
Not condominium	8,045
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,650
No bedrooms	0
1 bedroom	470
2 bedrooms	2,250
3 bedrooms	3,375
4 or more bedrooms	2,555
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,650
1 to 4 rooms	1,655
5 rooms	1,070
6 rooms	1,370
7 rooms	1,305
8 or more rooms	3,250
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,650
One person or fewer per room	8,605
More than one person per room	45
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,650
Suitable	8,495
Not suitable	155
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,650
1960 or before	1,000
1961 to 1980	3,250
1981 to 1990	960
1991 to 2000	925
2001 to 2005	630
2006 to 2010	775
2011 to 2015	675
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	440
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,650
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,265
Major repairs needed	385
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,650
One-maintainer household	4,225
Two-maintainer household	4,250
Three-or-more-maintainer household	175
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,650
15 to 24 years	155
25 to 34 years	985
35 to 44 years	1,485
45 to 54 years	1,650
55 to 64 years	1,615
65 to 74 years	1,535
75 to 84 years	965
85 years and over	255
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,625
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,355
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,270
30% to less than 100%	1,160
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,650
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,705
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,185
Not suitable only	125
Major repairs needed only	290
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	75
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	6,945
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,515
In core need	490
Not in core need	8,030
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,585
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	64.0
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.6
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,070
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,104
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	222,600
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,065
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.4
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.2
% in core housing need⁶³	16.4
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,040
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	20,295
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	135
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	135
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	110
Métis single ancestry	25
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	650
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	640
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	555
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	19,515
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	20,295
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	19,510
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,775
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,735
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	785
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	20,295
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	18,825
Immigrants⁸¹	1,215
Before 1980	290
1980 to 1990	85
1991 to 2000	85
2001 to 2010	215
2011 to 2021⁸²	540
2011 to 2015	150
2016 to 2021	385
Non-permanent residents⁸³	260
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,210
Under 5 years	170
5 to 14 years	260
15 to 24 years	155
25 to 44 years	555
45 years and over	70
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,210
Americas	260
Brazil	0
Colombia	20
El Salvador	0
Guyana	10
Haiti	15
Jamaica	30
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	120
Other places of birth in Americas	50
Europe	375
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	35
Germany	35
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	25
Poland	10
Portugal	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	30
United Kingdom⁸⁷	180
Other places of birth in Europe	40
Africa	35
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	15
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15
Asia	525
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	30
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	30
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	125
Taiwan	0
Philippines	135
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	80
Pakistan	35
Sri Lanka	25
Other places of birth in Asia	40
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	385
Americas	85
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	25
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10
Europe	55
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	20
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	25
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	10
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	225
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	75
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	80
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	25
Syria⁸⁹	30
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	20,295
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,565
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,620
Third generation or more¹⁰²	17,105
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	920
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	615
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	235
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	380
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	195
Refugees¹⁰⁸	100
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	920
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	35
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	140
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	60
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	660
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	20,300
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,310
South Asian	375
Chinese	35
Black	315
Filipino	175
Arab	40
Latin American	65
Southeast Asian	85
West Asian	30
Korean	130
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	40
Multiple visible minorities	25
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,985
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	20,295
Canadian	3,760
English	5,380
Irish	5,360
Scottish	5,325
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,240
German	1,705
Chinese	40
Italian	200
Indian (India)	170
Ukrainian	145
Dutch	420
Polish	170
Québécois	75
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	760
Filipino	165
French Canadian	305
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,000
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	315
Métis	115
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	290
Russian	80
Norwegian	130
Welsh	395
Portuguese	55
American	130
Spanish	65
Swedish	70
Hungarian	15
Acadian	2,005
Pakistani	45
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	75
Jewish	75
Punjabi	40
Vietnamese	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	40
Jamaican	45
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0
Korean	105
Romanian	35
Lebanese	35
Iranian	35
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	45
Danish	100
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	130
Sikh	0
Austrian	10
Belgian	75
Haitian	30
Hindu	15
Mexican	0
Mennonite	10
Swiss	25
Finnish	20
Sri Lankan	35
Croatian	0
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	25
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	135
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	65
Muslim	20
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	0
Colombian	25
Moroccan	10
Czech	30
Syrian	50
Guyanese	30
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	160
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	20
Persian	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	70
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	20
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	30
Lithuanian	10
South African	0
Australian	0
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	85
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15
New Brunswicker	550
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	35
Israeli	15
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	10
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	25
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	20
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	10
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	15
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	20
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	25
Maliseet	35
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	15
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	20,300
Buddhist	45
Christian	12,165
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,320
Anabaptist	45
Anglican	995
Baptist	1,885
Catholic	4,585
Christian Orthodox	65
Jehovah's Witness	115
Latter Day Saints	45
Lutheran	30
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	325
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	245
Presbyterian	285
Reformed	0
United Church	1,735
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	495
Hindu	90
Jewish	25
Muslim	165
Sikh	110
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	110
No religion and secular perspectives	7,590
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	20,150
Non-movers	17,865
Movers	2,290
Non-migrants	1,025
Migrants	1,260
Internal migrants	1,200
Intraprovincial migrants	850
Interprovincial migrants	350
External migrants	65
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	19,485
Non-movers	12,245
Movers	7,245
Non-migrants	2,335
Migrants	4,915
Internal migrants	4,345
Intraprovincial migrants	3,195
Interprovincial migrants	1,150
External migrants	565
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,175
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,220
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,955
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,620
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	545
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,075
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,170
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,020
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,550
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,070
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,080
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	525
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	555
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,680
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	315
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,470
Bachelor's degree	2,570
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	275
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60
Master's degree	525
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,615
No certificate, diploma or degree	470
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,050
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	730
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	375
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	355
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,390
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,755
Bachelor's degree	2,035
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	225
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45
Master's degree	410
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,625
Education	770
13. Education	770
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25
50. Visual and performing arts	200
Humanities	365
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	65
54. History	50
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	880
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220
22. Legal professions and studies	130
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15
42. Psychology	200
45. Social sciences	205
Business, management and public administration	2,710
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	125
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,575
Physical and life sciences and technologies	255
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25
40. Physical sciences	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	480
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	445
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,560
04. Architecture and related services	20
14. Engineering	190
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	540
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	320
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315
48. Precision production	180
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	145
03. Natural resources and conservation	20
Health and related fields	1,445
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,385
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	690
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	365
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15
43. Security and protective services	110
49. Transportation and materials moving	195
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,615
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,565
Education	465
13. Education	465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20
50. Visual and performing arts	150
Humanities	270
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	80
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	45
54. History	40
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	745
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	190
22. Legal professions and studies	105
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15
42. Psychology	175
45. Social sciences	160
Business, management and public administration	1,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	100
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,880
Physical and life sciences and technologies	180
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10
40. Physical sciences	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	450
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	425
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,130
04. Architecture and related services	20
14. Engineering	145
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	405
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	240
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	205
48. Precision production	115
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	15
Health and related fields	1,020
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	965
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	500
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	310
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10
43. Security and protective services	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	105
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,615
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,050
Location of study inside Canada	6,530
Same as province or territory of residence	4,630
Different than province or territory of residence	1,900
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	520
Americas	105
United States of America	75
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	10
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	20
Europe	100
Belgium	0
France	15
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	15
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	25
Africa	15
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	290
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	15
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	50
Philippines	95
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	10
India	70
Pakistan	15
Other locations of study in Asia	15
Oceania	10
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	17,170
In the labour force	11,010
Employed	10,155
Unemployed	855
Not in the labour force	6,160
Participation rate	64.1
Employment rate	59.1
Unemployment rate	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	17,175
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,035
Worked	11,140
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,380
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,765
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,015
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	175
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,840
Employee	9,850
Permanent position	8,520
Temporary position	1,335
Fixed term (1 year or more)	375
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	960
Self-employed¹⁹²	985
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,015
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	175
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,840
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	150
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,135
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	725
3 Health occupations	830
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,160
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	245
6 Sales and service occupations	3,585
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,630
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	145
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	240
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,015
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	175
All industries¹⁹¹	10,840
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95
22 Utilities	20
23 Construction	630
31-33 Manufacturing	495
41 Wholesale trade	435
44-45 Retail trade	1,580
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	780
51 Information and cultural industries	270
52 Finance and insurance	940
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	220
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	595
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	770
61 Educational services	740
62 Health care and social assistance	1,140
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	245
72 Accommodation and food services	675
81 Other services (except public administration)	480
91 Public administration	645
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,885
English	9,935
French	140
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	1,765
English and non-official language(s)	45
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,885
Single responses	11,590
Official languages	11,590
English	11,210
French	375
Non-official languages	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	295
English and French	285
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,885
None	10,365
English	245
French	1,245
Non-official language	35
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	35
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,155
Worked at home	2,040
Worked outside Canada	10
No fixed workplace address	1,140
Usual place of work	6,970
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,965
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,030
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,785
Commute to a different province or territory	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,105
Car, truck or van	7,475
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,705
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	770
Public transit	80
Walked	335
Bicycle	30
Other method	185
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,105
Less than 15 minutes	3,545
15 to 29 minutes	3,650
30 to 44 minutes	550
45 to 59 minutes	115
60 minutes and over	240
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,105
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	275
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,255
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,705
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,675
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	910
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,285
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,955
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	810
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,145
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,055
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	595
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	285
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	305
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,460

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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