Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Tracadie, Regional municipality (MRM)More information: New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	16,043	...	...
Population, 2016¹	16,114	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,539	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,113	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	31.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	516.55	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	16,040	7,990	8,050
0 to 14 years	1,765	920	845
0 to 4 years	480	225	250
5 to 9 years	605	330	270
10 to 14 years	680	360	325
15 to 64 years	10,130	5,100	5,035
15 to 19 years	710	355	355
20 to 24 years	720	380	340
25 to 29 years	705	375	325
30 to 34 years	730	385	350
35 to 39 years	845	405	445
40 to 44 years	940	485	455
45 to 49 years	1,120	540	575
50 to 54 years	1,310	640	670
55 to 59 years	1,540	755	785
60 to 64 years	1,525	780	745
65 years and over	4,145	1,970	2,170
65 to 69 years	1,420	665	760
70 to 74 years	1,145	590	560
75 to 79 years	785	360	425
80 to 84 years	415	205	215
85 years and over	375	155	220
85 to 89 years	245	120	130
90 to 94 years	90	30	60
95 to 99 years	35	10	25
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.0	11.5	10.5
15 to 64 years	63.2	63.8	62.5
65 years and over	25.8	24.7	27.0
85 years and over	2.3	1.9	2.7
Average age of the population	48.1	47.3	48.8
Median age of the population	52.0	51.2	52.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,115	...	...
Single-detached house	5,470	...	...
Semi-detached house	350	...	...
Row house	70	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	770	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	260	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,115	...	...
1 person	2,185	...	...
2 persons	2,760	...	...
3 persons	1,160	...	...
4 persons	710	...	...
5 or more persons	300	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,645	7,815	7,830
Average household size	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	14,280	7,070	7,210
Married or living common-law	7,560	3,780	3,780
Married	5,000	2,500	2,500
Living common-law	2,560	1,280	1,285
Living common law - Never married	2,065	1,030	1,030
Living common law - Separated	130	65	65
Living common law - Divorced	300	155	145
Living common law - Widowed	70	25	40
Not married and not living common-law	6,715	3,290	3,425
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,515	2,495	2,020
Not married and not living common law - Separated	575	255	325
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	675	320	355
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	950	225	725
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,805	...	...
2 persons	2,915	...	...
3 persons	1,110	...	...
4 persons	615	...	...
5 or more persons	170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,805	...	...
Total couple families	3,730	...	...
Married couples	2,455	...	...
With children⁶	915	...	...
Without children	1,540	...	...
Common-law couples	1,280	...	...
With children⁶	620	...	...
Without children	660	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,075	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	820	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	250	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,645	7,815	7,830
Total - Persons in census families	12,485	6,215	6,265
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,465	3,735	3,730
Parents in one-parent families	1,070	250	825
Children⁶	3,945	2,235	1,715
In a two-parent family	2,380	1,315	1,065
In a one-parent family	1,570	920	655
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,160	1,600	1,560
Living alone	2,180	1,110	1,065
Living with other relatives⁷	500	245	255
Living with non-relatives only	480	245	235
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,110	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,205	...	...
Couple-family households	3,420	...	...
With children⁶	1,405	...	...
Without children	2,015	...	...
One-parent-family households	785	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	210	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	220	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	275	...	...
One-person households	2,180	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,885	6,895	6,990
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,575	6,755	6,820
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,800	29,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,585	6,760	6,825
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	32,400	27,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,450	5,505	4,950
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,200	24,800	21,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,865	4,730	4,130
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,400	24,600	22,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,140	5,995	6,145
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,600	16,800	14,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,055	2,995	2,060
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,900	13,500	7,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,430	1,660	1,775
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,885	6,865	7,015
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,615	6,765	6,855
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,680	41,280	34,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,630	6,775	6,855
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,840	35,280	30,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,500	5,515	4,985
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,640	33,600	29,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,865	4,755	4,110
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,680	33,200	29,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,120	5,955	6,165
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,940	15,780	14,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,920	2,900	2,020
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,310	12,800	9,150
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,410	1,705	1,705
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,270	7,060	7,490
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,880	6,865	7,015
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,820	1,310	1,510
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400	51,200	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,800	58,700	51,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,015	2,835	2,175
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000	18,600	14,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,060	25,040	18,160
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	64.8	66.4	62.7
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.7	56.5	52.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	35.3	33.6	37.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	10.8	13.3	7.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.1	5.3	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.3	5.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,880	6,900	6,985
Without total income	310	140	170
With total income	13,575	6,755	6,815
Under $10,000 (including loss)	980	380	600
$10,000 to $19,999	2,140	890	1,245
$20,000 to $29,999	2,910	1,245	1,660
$30,000 to $39,999	2,615	1,335	1,280
$40,000 to $49,999	1,910	1,075	835
$50,000 to $59,999	1,050	625	430
$60,000 to $69,999	625	375	250
$70,000 to $79,999	430	275	155
$80,000 to $89,999	330	185	150
$90,000 to $99,999	205	105	100
$100,000 and over	375	270	110
$100,000 to $149,999	295	210	80
$150,000 and over	85	55	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,880	6,900	6,985
Without after-tax income	305	135	165
With after-tax income	13,580	6,760	6,820
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,025	395	630
$10,000 to $19,999	2,225	925	1,295
$20,000 to $29,999	3,580	1,620	1,960
$30,000 to $39,999	2,980	1,630	1,350
$40,000 to $49,999	1,705	970	730
$50,000 to $59,999	895	515	375
$60,000 to $69,999	515	300	220
$70,000 to $79,999	315	175	140
$80,000 to $89,999	135	80	50
$90,000 to $99,999	75	55	20
$100,000 and over	140	95	40
$100,000 to $124,999	75	60	20
$125,000 and over	60	40	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,880	6,900	6,985
Without employment income	5,025	2,165	2,860
With employment income	8,860	4,730	4,130
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,185	620	570
$5,000 to $9,999	905	365	535
$10,000 to $19,999	1,855	1,025	835
$20,000 to $29,999	1,340	725	610
$30,000 to $39,999	1,095	560	535
$40,000 to $49,999	690	395	290
$50,000 to $59,999	485	285	205
$60,000 to $69,999	365	205	160
$70,000 to $79,999	285	165	120
$80,000 to $89,999	255	120	135
$90,000 to $99,999	135	70	60
$100,000 and over	265	195	70
$100,000 to $124,999	140	95	45
$125,000 and over	120	95	20
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,885	6,895	6,990
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,385	6,655	6,730
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	36,400	25,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,395	6,655	6,740
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,200	32,400	24,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,415	5,470	4,945
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,000	27,400	22,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,930	4,760	4,170
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,200	27,400	23,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,570	5,700	5,860
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,000	14,700	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	5,010	3,005	2,005
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,800	13,300	7,650
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,885	6,865	7,015
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,390	6,615	6,775
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,680	41,480	31,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,395	6,615	6,780
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	35,280	28,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,400	5,420	4,975
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,320	36,480	29,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,950	4,745	4,200
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,320	35,840	30,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,405	5,585	5,820
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,650	13,700	11,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,795	2,825	1,970
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,310	12,960	8,950
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,880	6,865	7,015
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,825	1,310	1,515
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,000	48,000	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,700	55,350	48,560
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,795	2,720	2,080
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	23,600	17,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,760	31,520	20,540
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	70.6	72.2	68.6
Employment income (%)	60.7	62.0	59.2
Government transfers (%)	29.4	27.9	31.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	11.1	13.4	8.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,115	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,180	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,930	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,115	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	72,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,950	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,180	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,960	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,930	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,115	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	105	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	585	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	280	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	510	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	425	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	385	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	595	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	600	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	570	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	470	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	385	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,615	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	665	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	435	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	370	...	...
$200,000 and over	145	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,115	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	110	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	635	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	365	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	460	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	400	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	340	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	730	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	720	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	585	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	355	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,105	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	595	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	285	...	...
$150,000 and over	230	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,770	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,030	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,590	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	950	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,660	1,355	1,305
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,800	36,000	26,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,400	31,600	25,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,755	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,020	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,600	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	945	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,650	1,345	1,305
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,960	39,640	32,160
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,800	34,280	29,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,645	7,815	7,825
0 to 17 years	2,180	1,130	1,045
0 to 5 years	580	280	295
18 to 64 years	9,530	4,785	4,745
65 years and over	3,930	1,900	2,035
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,720	1,235	1,485
0 to 17 years	335	180	150
0 to 5 years	120	65	55
18 to 64 years	1,065	475	590
65 years and over	1,325	580	740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.4	15.8	19.0
0 to 17 years (%)	15.3	16.0	14.6
0 to 5 years (%)	20.8	22.0	19.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.2	10.0	12.4
65 years and over (%)	33.6	30.4	36.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,645	7,815	7,830
0 to 17 years	2,185	1,135	1,045
0 to 5 years	580	285	300
18 to 64 years	9,530	4,780	4,750
65 years and over	3,935	1,900	2,035
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	445	210	235
0 to 17 years	40	20	15
0 to 5 years	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	365	165	195
65 years and over	35	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.6	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	1.9	1.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.5	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	3.5	4.2
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.9	0.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,645	7,815	7,825
In bottom half of the distribution	10,780	5,305	5,470
In bottom decile	2,205	975	1,225
In second decile	2,365	1,140	1,230
In third decile	2,290	1,175	1,115
In fourth decile	2,080	1,065	1,020
In fifth decile	1,835	945	885
In top half of the distribution	4,865	2,510	2,360
In sixth decile	1,620	815	805
In seventh decile	1,240	640	605
In eighth decile	1,040	545	495
In ninth decile	645	340	300
In top decile	325	170	155
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,645	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.282	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.487	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.248	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,810	7,880	7,930
English only	140	70	75
French only	8,215	3,925	4,295
English and French	7,445	3,885	3,560
Neither English nor French	5	5	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,810	7,880	7,930
English	425	185	235
French	15,345	7,670	7,675
English and French	30	15	15
Neither English nor French	5	5	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,810	7,880	7,930
Single responses	15,625	7,785	7,835
Official languages	15,540	7,750	7,790
English	355	160	195
French	15,185	7,590	7,595
Non-official languages	85	40	40
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	80	35	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	25
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0
German	0	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	185	90	95
English and French	180	85	90
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,810	7,880	7,930
English	245	115	125
French	14,875	7,420	7,460
Non-official language	15	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	10
English and French	620	310	305
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,810	7,880	7,930
Single responses	15,695	7,835	7,865
Official languages	15,660	7,815	7,845
English	320	150	165
French	15,340	7,665	7,680
Non-official languages	35	15	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	5
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	50	70
English and French	110	45	65
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,810	7,880	7,930
None	15,245	7,585	7,660
English	460	245	215
French	70	35	35
Non-official language	25	10	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,645	7,815	7,830
Official languages	15,645	7,815	7,830
English	7,570	3,850	3,715
French	15,460	7,725	7,735
Non-official languages	200	105	95
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	105	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	25	25
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	25	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	50	35
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	0
German	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	65	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	15	0	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,645	7,815	7,830
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	465	300	170
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	450	290	160
First Nations (North American Indian)	140	80	55
Métis	310	210	105
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	0
Non-Indigenous identity	15,180	7,515	7,660
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,645	7,815	7,830
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	65	40	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,580	7,780	7,800
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,115	...	...
Owner	5,580	...	...
Renter	1,530	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,115	...	...
Condominium	555	...	...
Not condominium	6,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,115	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...
1 bedroom	650	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,305	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,745	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,115	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,750	...	...
5 rooms	1,665	...	...
6 rooms	1,350	...	...
7 rooms	870	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,480	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,115	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,095	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,115	...	...
Suitable	6,920	...	...
Not suitable	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,115	...	...
1960 or before	1,115	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,455	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,185	...	...
1991 to 2000	940	...	...
2001 to 2005	380	...	...
2006 to 2010	390	...	...
2011 to 2015	395	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,115	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,530	...	...
Major repairs needed	585	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,115	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,075	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,825	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	215	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,115	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...
25 to 34 years	550	...	...
35 to 44 years	900	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,260	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,760	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,510	...	...
75 to 84 years	765	...	...
85 years and over	265	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,085	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,200	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	880	...	...
30% to less than 100%	825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,115	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,560	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	805	...	...
Not suitable only	170	...	...
Major repairs needed only	485	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,555	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,030	...	...
In core need	125	...	...
Not in core need	6,905	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	773	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	150,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	166,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,535	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	15.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	628	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	634	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,645	7,820	7,830
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	355	175	175
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	355	175	175
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	215	105	110
Métis single ancestry	130	60	65
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	370	215	150
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	360	215	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	160	95	65
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	200	120	80
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,925	7,430	7,495
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,650	7,815	7,825
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	15,580	7,790	7,795
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,205	1,180	1,025
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,375	6,605	6,765
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	65	30	40
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,650	7,815	7,825
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	15,505	7,745	7,755
Immigrants⁸¹	135	70	70
Before 1980	55	25	30
1980 to 1990	15	10	0
1991 to 2000	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	10	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	55	25	30
2011 to 2015	25	0	20
2016 to 2021	30	25	10
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	130	70	65
Under 5 years	20	15	10
5 to 14 years	15	0	10
15 to 24 years	50	25	20
25 to 44 years	35	10	20
45 years and over	20	15	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	130	70	65
Americas	35	10	25
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	35	10	25
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	30	15	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	60	35	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	50	25	25
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35	20	10
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	35	20	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	35	20	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,645	7,815	7,830
First generation¹⁰⁰	160	80	85
Second generation¹⁰¹	145	75	70
Third generation or more¹⁰²	15,335	7,665	7,680
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	80	45	40
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	50	30	20
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	15	0	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	35	25	10
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	20	0	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	80	45	40
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	10	20
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	50	35	10
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,645	7,815	7,830
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	115	65	45
South Asian	10	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0
Black	20	10	10
Filipino	55	30	25
Arab	10	10	0
Latin American	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	15,530	7,750	7,780
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,645	7,815	7,825
Canadian	5,525	2,710	2,815
English	120	55	60
Irish	860	435	425
Scottish	265	135	130
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,235	1,170	1,060
German	15	10	0
Chinese	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	15
Indian (India)	20	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10
Polish	0	0	0
Québécois	120	60	55
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	35	15	20
Filipino	35	25	10
French Canadian	765	335	435
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	645	325	315
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	95	45	50
Métis	335	185	155
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	55	35	20
Russian	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0
Portuguese	15	0	10
American	20	15	0
Spanish	15	0	15
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Acadian	6,345	3,195	3,145
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	40	20	20
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	65	35	30
Danish	15	15	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	155	80	80
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	10	10	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	125	70	55
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	10
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	25	10	15
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	425	205	220
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35	20	15
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	15	0	15
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	20	10	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,645	7,815	7,830
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	14,690	7,345	7,345
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	340	185	150
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	10	0	0
Baptist	15	10	0
Catholic	14,280	7,120	7,160
Christian Orthodox	10	10	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	0	10
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	20	0	15
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	915	465	460
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,570	7,780	7,785
Non-movers	14,810	7,410	7,395
Movers	765	370	395
Non-migrants	450	220	230
Migrants	315	150	160
Internal migrants	300	140	160
Intraprovincial migrants	215	105	115
Interprovincial migrants	85	30	50
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	15,120	7,565	7,550
Non-movers	12,400	6,265	6,135
Movers	2,715	1,300	1,420
Non-migrants	1,290	635	660
Migrants	1,425	670	760
Internal migrants	1,395	655	740
Intraprovincial migrants	1,080	495	585
Interprovincial migrants	315	160	155
External migrants	30	15	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,880	6,865	7,015
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,575	3,070	2,500
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,315	3,795	4,515
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,510	4,240	4,275
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,625	1,595	1,035
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,885	2,645	3,235
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,885	6,870	7,015
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,075	2,700	2,370
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,935	1,455	1,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,870	2,710	3,165
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,510	2,205	2,305
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,260	760	490
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	750	385	365
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	505	375	125
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,870	1,320	1,550
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	380	125	255
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,360	500	860
Bachelor's degree	1,035	335	705
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	50	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	10	40
Master's degree	140	85	55
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	25	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,515	4,240	4,270
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,400	1,450	950
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,835	915	925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,275	1,880	2,400
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,275	1,550	1,725
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	740	430	305
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	430	210	225
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	305	225	85
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,320	1,060	1,255
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	60	160
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,000	325	670
Bachelor's degree	775	235	540
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	20	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	15	40
Master's degree	85	45	45
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,885	6,870	7,015
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,010	4,160	3,850
Education	520	150	375
13. Education	520	150	375
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	40	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	15
50. Visual and performing arts	45	30	15
Humanities	65	40	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	285	65	220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	145
22. Legal professions and studies	40	20	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	30	0	25
45. Social sciences	55	30	20
Business, management and public administration	1,190	275	910
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	30	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,090	245	840
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	25	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	10	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105	45	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	40	35
25. Library science	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,645	1,605	40
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	60	60	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	295	260	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	530	530	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	285	275	10
48. Precision production	475	470	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	60	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	20	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	35	0
Health and related fields	1,250	170	1,075
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,205	150	1,060
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	580	240	345
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	355	45	305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	105	75	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	110	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,510	4,240	4,270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,235	2,360	1,875
Education	275	50	230
13. Education	275	50	230
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	30	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	45	30	10
Humanities	40	20	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	250	45	200
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	140
22. Legal professions and studies	30	20	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25
45. Social sciences	35	20	20
Business, management and public administration	885	195	690
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	25	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	790	170	620
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	40	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	35	30
25. Library science	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,145	1,110	35
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	40	40	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	240	220	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	340	340	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	175	10
48. Precision production	335	330	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	40	25
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	10	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	30	0
Health and related fields	955	145	810
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	920	130	790
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	480	180	295
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	300	35	265
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	70	50	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	85	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,510	4,240	4,270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,235	2,360	1,875
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,280	1,880	2,395
Location of study inside Canada	4,240	1,865	2,375
Same as province or territory of residence	3,705	1,630	2,080
Different than province or territory of residence	535	240	295
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	35	15	20
Americas	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	20	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	20	15	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,885	6,870	7,015
In the labour force	7,355	3,760	3,590
Employed	6,275	3,055	3,220
Unemployed	1,075	705	375
Not in the labour force	6,530	3,105	3,425
Participation rate	53.0	54.7	51.2
Employment rate	45.2	44.5	45.9
Unemployment rate	14.6	18.8	10.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,885	6,870	7,015
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,920	2,645	3,280
Worked	7,965	4,230	3,740
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,860	1,330	1,530
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,100	2,895	2,210
Average weeks worked in reference year	34.2	31.7	37.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,350	3,755	3,595
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	110	60
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,180	3,645	3,535
Employee	6,550	3,285	3,265
Permanent position	4,030	1,725	2,300
Temporary position	2,525	1,555	965
Fixed term (1 year or more)	250	95	150
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,275	1,455	815
Self-employed¹⁹²	630	360	270
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,350	3,755	3,595
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	110	60
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,180	3,645	3,535
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	70	50	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	845	225	620
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	190	165	20
3 Health occupations	760	90	665
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	635	170	465
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	45	35
6 Sales and service occupations	2,010	680	1,330
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,565	1,480	85
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	335	300	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	695	440	255
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,350	3,755	3,595
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	110	60
All industries¹⁹¹	7,180	3,645	3,535
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	475	400	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	145	120	20
22 Utilities	45	40	0
23 Construction	760	720	40
31-33 Manufacturing	935	630	310
41 Wholesale trade	90	70	25
44-45 Retail trade	1,120	425	695
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	170	135	30
51 Information and cultural industries	50	30	20
52 Finance and insurance	175	60	120
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	25	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	180	90	95
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	160	110	45
61 Educational services	470	130	345
62 Health care and social assistance	1,080	165	910
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	40	20	20
72 Accommodation and food services	475	155	315
81 Other services (except public administration)	380	170	205
91 Public administration	370	155	215
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,540	4,515	4,025
English	410	295	110
French	6,560	3,385	3,170
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	1,570	830	740
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,540	4,515	4,025
Single responses	8,345	4,410	3,940
Official languages	8,345	4,410	3,940
English	675	450	225
French	7,675	3,960	3,715
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	195	105	85
English and French	195	105	85
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,540	4,515	4,025
None	7,150	3,780	3,370
English	1,115	570	545
French	270	160	110
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,280	3,055	3,220
Worked at home	550	250	300
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,195	890	305
Usual place of work	4,535	1,915	2,620
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,535	1,915	2,620
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,005	1,155	1,840
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,055	495	560
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	385	185	200
Commute to a different province or territory	95	75	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,725	2,810	2,920
Car, truck or van	5,475	2,635	2,840
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,090	2,450	2,640
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	390	190	200
Public transit	50	40	10
Walked	95	40	55
Bicycle	10	10	0
Other method	100	80	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,725	2,810	2,920
Less than 15 minutes	2,850	1,310	1,540
15 to 29 minutes	1,555	730	825
30 to 44 minutes	700	365	335
45 to 59 minutes	275	140	135
60 minutes and over	355	265	90
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,725	2,810	2,920
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	295	195	95
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	900	575	330
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,895	885	1,005
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,355	510	850
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	350	90	265
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	930	550	385
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,235	1,160	1,075
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,195	1,135	1,060
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	25	15
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,715	910	805
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,705	900	800
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,600	835	760
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	65	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	10	0

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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