Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Montmagny, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	10,999	...	...
Population, 2016¹	11,255	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 2.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,801	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,464	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	88.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	124.44	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,000	5,370	5,635
0 to 14 years	1,325	680	645
0 to 4 years	395	200	195
5 to 9 years	455	240	210
10 to 14 years	470	235	240
15 to 64 years	6,340	3,200	3,135
15 to 19 years	530	285	240
20 to 24 years	500	265	235
25 to 29 years	520	265	250
30 to 34 years	495	240	255
35 to 39 years	535	270	265
40 to 44 years	580	295	285
45 to 49 years	590	300	295
50 to 54 years	680	340	345
55 to 59 years	940	470	475
60 to 64 years	970	475	495
65 years and over	3,340	1,495	1,850
65 to 69 years	955	445	505
70 to 74 years	865	405	465
75 to 79 years	705	320	385
80 to 84 years	405	185	220
85 years and over	405	130	275
85 to 89 years	255	90	170
90 to 94 years	120	35	85
95 to 99 years	30	20	15
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.0	12.7	11.4
15 to 64 years	57.6	59.6	55.6
65 years and over	30.4	27.8	32.8
85 years and over	3.7	2.4	4.9
Average age of the population	48.8	47.3	50.1
Median age of the population	53.2	51.6	54.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,465	...	...
Single-detached house	2,840	...	...
Semi-detached house	285	...	...
Row house	95	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	465	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,675	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	85	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,460	...	...
1 person	2,300	...	...
2 persons	2,015	...	...
3 persons	520	...	...
4 persons	430	...	...
5 or more persons	200	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,715	5,265	5,450
Average household size	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,675	4,690	4,985
Married or living common-law	5,315	2,655	2,660
Married	2,830	1,415	1,420
Living common-law	2,480	1,240	1,240
Living common law - Never married	2,090	1,050	1,045
Living common law - Separated	30	20	10
Living common law - Divorced	310	150	155
Living common law - Widowed	55	25	30
Not married and not living common-law	4,365	2,035	2,325
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,810	1,530	1,275
Not married and not living common law - Separated	140	60	80
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	645	265	380
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	770	180	590
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,045	...	...
2 persons	1,960	...	...
3 persons	500	...	...
4 persons	410	...	...
5 or more persons	175	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,045	...	...
Total couple families	2,595	...	...
Married couples	1,355	...	...
With children⁶	320	...	...
Without children	1,025	...	...
Common-law couples	1,240	...	...
With children⁶	595	...	...
Without children	645	...	...
Total one-parent families	450	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	340	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	110	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	10,715	5,265	5,450
Total - Persons in census families	8,005	3,980	4,025
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,190	2,595	2,600
Parents in one-parent families	450	110	340
Children⁶	2,370	1,280	1,095
In a two-parent family	1,710	925	785
In a one-parent family	660	355	305
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,705	1,285	1,425
Living alone	2,300	1,070	1,235
Living with other relatives⁷	175	75	100
Living with non-relatives only	240	140	95
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,465	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,935	...	...
Couple-family households	2,520	...	...
With children⁶	895	...	...
Without children	1,630	...	...
One-parent-family households	415	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	55	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	140	...	...
One-person households	2,300	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,395	4,585	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,300	4,540	4,760
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,800	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,300	4,540	4,760
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	35,600	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,055	4,045	4,010
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	33,600	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,955	3,145	2,810
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,800	31,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,140	3,895	4,250
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,000	12,000	13,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,110	625	490
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,680	4,560	4,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,590	1,445	1,140
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,720	6,550
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,390	4,585	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,290	4,540	4,745
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,320	48,880	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,290	4,540	4,745
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,440	40,040	33,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,070	4,085	3,985
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,680	42,640	30,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,950	3,175	2,780
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,920	41,920	35,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,090	3,855	4,235
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,140	12,360	13,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,130	655	475
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,370	5,860	7,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,540	1,405	1,140
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,110	6,640	7,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,395	4,585	4,810
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,965	1,640	1,325
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,200	48,400	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,500	57,050	51,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,365	1,210	1,160
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,400	18,000	16,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,240	27,400	23,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.6	78.6	67.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.6	60.0	54.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.4	21.5	32.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.7	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	4.9	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.5	4.2	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,390	4,585	4,810
Without total income	95	45	50
With total income	9,295	4,545	4,755
Under $10,000 (including loss)	540	245	295
$10,000 to $19,999	1,370	515	860
$20,000 to $29,999	1,865	855	1,010
$30,000 to $39,999	1,320	615	705
$40,000 to $49,999	1,405	735	675
$50,000 to $59,999	1,010	540	470
$60,000 to $69,999	610	355	255
$70,000 to $79,999	380	220	165
$80,000 to $89,999	270	150	120
$90,000 to $99,999	160	90	75
$100,000 and over	355	230	130
$100,000 to $149,999	265	165	100
$150,000 and over	95	60	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,390	4,585	4,810
Without after-tax income	95	45	50
With after-tax income	9,295	4,545	4,755
Under $10,000 (including loss)	580	255	320
$10,000 to $19,999	1,450	555	895
$20,000 to $29,999	2,110	980	1,130
$30,000 to $39,999	1,805	880	920
$40,000 to $49,999	1,530	845	680
$50,000 to $59,999	805	445	360
$60,000 to $69,999	470	265	210
$70,000 to $79,999	225	105	120
$80,000 to $89,999	145	85	55
$90,000 to $99,999	70	50	20
$100,000 and over	120	75	40
$100,000 to $124,999	55	35	25
$125,000 and over	60	45	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,390	4,585	4,810
Without employment income	3,440	1,440	2,000
With employment income	5,955	3,150	2,805
Under $5,000 (including loss)	680	370	310
$5,000 to $9,999	480	210	265
$10,000 to $19,999	810	395	415
$20,000 to $29,999	690	305	385
$30,000 to $39,999	835	455	380
$40,000 to $49,999	805	415	390
$50,000 to $59,999	525	315	205
$60,000 to $69,999	350	230	120
$70,000 to $79,999	215	120	100
$80,000 to $89,999	215	115	95
$90,000 to $99,999	95	50	45
$100,000 and over	250	160	85
$100,000 to $124,999	125	80	45
$125,000 and over	120	80	40
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,395	4,585	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,225	4,500	4,725
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,400	30,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,225	4,500	4,725
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	34,000	28,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,035	4,045	3,990
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	35,600	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,140	3,235	2,905
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	37,600	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,415	3,470	3,950
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,400	9,200	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	990	570	415
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,200	4,040	4,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,390	4,585	4,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,195	4,515	4,685
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,080	48,720	35,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,195	4,515	4,685
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,400	39,720	31,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,005	4,090	3,915
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	45,400	31,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,085	3,235	2,850
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,440	43,120	35,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,305	3,375	3,925
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,870	10,120	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	970	590	385
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,940	5,360	6,840
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,395	4,585	4,810
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,955	1,650	1,310
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,600	47,600	44,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,050	56,250	49,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,305	1,180	1,130
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	26,800	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,200	32,000	26,300
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.4	84.4	73.0
Employment income (%)	62.0	63.5	60.0
Government transfers (%)	20.5	15.6	27.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.4	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,460	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,300	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,165	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,465	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,950	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,305	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,360	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,165	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,460	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	535	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	270	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	250	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	360	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	335	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	520	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	375	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	375	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	250	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,220	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	485	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	285	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	280	...	...
$200,000 and over	170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,460	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	560	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	310	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	355	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	465	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	390	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	360	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	500	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	470	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	375	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	285	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	250	...	...
$100,000 and over	815	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	395	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...
$150,000 and over	210	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,070	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,640	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	930	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	435	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,540	1,210	1,330
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	36,000	29,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,200	32,400	28,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,085	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,640	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	935	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,495	1,160	1,335
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,680	45,200	34,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	37,100	31,360
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	10,720	5,265	5,450
0 to 17 years	1,625	835	790
0 to 5 years	480	245	235
18 to 64 years	6,005	3,020	2,980
65 years and over	3,090	1,410	1,685
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,730	795	940
0 to 17 years	160	75	80
0 to 5 years	45	25	25
18 to 64 years	720	370	345
65 years and over	855	345	515
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.2	15.1	17.2
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6	9.6	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	10.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	12.3	11.6
65 years and over (%)	27.8	24.4	30.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	10,715	5,265	5,455
0 to 17 years	1,625	835	785
0 to 5 years	480	240	240
18 to 64 years	6,000	3,020	2,980
65 years and over	3,090	1,405	1,685
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	325	165	160
0 to 17 years	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	275	145	135
65 years and over	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.1	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.0	x	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.7	4.5
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.8	0.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	10,715	5,265	5,450
In bottom half of the distribution	7,005	3,350	3,650
In bottom decile	1,355	610	740
In second decile	1,490	705	785
In third decile	1,510	735	775
In fourth decile	1,320	660	660
In fifth decile	1,330	640	685
In top half of the distribution	3,710	1,910	1,800
In sixth decile	1,125	560	560
In seventh decile	910	485	420
In eighth decile	825	415	400
In ninth decile	545	280	260
In top decile	315	165	150
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	10,715	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.298	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.461	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.256	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	10,770	5,280	5,485
English only	30	20	10
French only	8,525	4,040	4,485
English and French	2,205	1,220	985
Neither English nor French	10	10	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	10,770	5,280	5,485
English	65	35	30
French	10,665	5,225	5,440
English and French	25	15	10
Neither English nor French	10	10	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	10,770	5,280	5,485
Single responses	10,715	5,255	5,460
Official languages	10,605	5,185	5,420
English	50	25	25
French	10,560	5,165	5,390
Non-official languages	110	65	40
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	110	65	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	30	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	30	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	35	25	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	25	20
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	30	25
English and French	30	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	10,770	5,280	5,485
English	20	10	10
French	10,490	5,120	5,370
Non-official language	25	15	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	10
English and French	120	75	50
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	75	40	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	10,770	5,280	5,485
Single responses	10,730	5,265	5,465
Official languages	10,685	5,240	5,445
English	40	25	15
French	10,640	5,215	5,425
Non-official languages	45	25	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	20	20
English and French	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	10,770	5,285	5,485
None	10,570	5,165	5,405
English	90	60	30
French	25	10	10
Non-official language	45	25	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	25	15
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	10,715	5,265	5,450
Official languages	10,680	5,235	5,440
English	2,235	1,305	935
French	10,645	5,210	5,430
Non-official languages	365	180	185
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	360	180	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	55	30
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	55	30
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	70	50	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	240	100	140
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	35	15	15
German	35	15	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	205	90	115
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	185	70	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	15	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	15	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,715	5,265	5,455
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	130	70	60
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	125	70	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	100	50	50
Métis	20	20	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	10,585	5,195	5,395
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,715	5,265	5,455
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	30	10	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,685	5,255	5,430
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,465	...	...
Owner	3,120	...	...
Renter	2,345	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,465	...	...
Condominium	510	...	...
Not condominium	4,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,465	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...
1 bedroom	870	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,880	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,735	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	935	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,465	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,065	...	...
5 rooms	985	...	...
6 rooms	680	...	...
7 rooms	490	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,250	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,465	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,445	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,465	...	...
Suitable	5,360	...	...
Not suitable	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,465	...	...
1960 or before	2,060	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,655	...	...
1981 to 1990	560	...	...
1991 to 2000	415	...	...
2001 to 2005	160	...	...
2006 to 2010	180	...	...
2011 to 2015	200	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,465	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,195	...	...
Major repairs needed	265	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,465	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,445	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,945	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	75	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,465	...	...
15 to 24 years	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	560	...	...
35 to 44 years	680	...	...
45 to 54 years	800	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,155	...	...
75 to 84 years	725	...	...
85 years and over	200	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,430	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,725	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	705	...	...
30% to less than 100%	660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,465	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,015	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	660	...	...
Not suitable only	80	...	...
Major repairs needed only	220	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,445	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,380	...	...
In core need	190	...	...
Not in core need	5,185	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,085	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	898	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	212,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,345	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	604	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	633	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	10,715	5,265	5,450
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	160	85	80
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	160	85	80
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	150	80	75
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	160	80	80
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	160	80	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	145	75	70
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,395	5,095	5,295
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	10,715	5,260	5,450
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,525	5,165	5,360
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,580	815	770
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,945	4,355	4,590
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	190	95	90
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	10,715	5,260	5,450
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,435	5,125	5,310
Immigrants⁸¹	165	70	85
Before 1980	20	0	15
1980 to 1990	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	15	0	15
2001 to 2010	20	10	15
2011 to 2021⁸²	105	55	50
2011 to 2015	50	30	20
2016 to 2021	60	25	30
Non-permanent residents⁸³	115	65	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	165	75	90
Under 5 years	30	10	20
5 to 14 years	20	15	0
15 to 24 years	15	0	15
25 to 44 years	95	50	50
45 years and over	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	165	75	90
Americas	40	10	25
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	0	15
Europe	55	20	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	50	20	25
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	55	30	20
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	15
Asia	15	0	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	30	30
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	25	15	15
France	25	15	15
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	10,715	5,265	5,455
First generation¹⁰⁰	345	160	185
Second generation¹⁰¹	150	80	70
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,225	5,020	5,200
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	140	65	75
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	90	50	40
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	35	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	15	20
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	50	15	30
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	140	65	75
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	10	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	105	45	60
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	10,715	5,265	5,455
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	220	105	110
South Asian	10	0	0
Chinese	15	0	10
Black	95	45	50
Filipino	0	0	0
Arab	70	45	30
Latin American	15	10	10
Southeast Asian	10	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,495	5,155	5,345
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	10,715	5,265	5,450
Canadian	5,000	2,360	2,640
English	70	40	30
Irish	170	100	65
Scottish	60	35	25
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,360	1,195	1,170
German	110	65	45
Chinese	10	0	10
Italian	50	25	25
Indian (India)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0
Québécois	1,325	675	650
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0
French Canadian	1,350	660	690
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	170	85	85
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	140	80	65
Métis	25	10	15
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	120	35	80
Russian	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
American	35	15	20
Spanish	35	30	10
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Acadian	60	30	30
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35	20	15
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	255	105	150
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	60	35	25
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	30	15	15
Haitian	35	20	15
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	10	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	20	0	20
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	10	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	60	40	20
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	0	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	20	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	15	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	15	0	15
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	30	20	15
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	10,715	5,265	5,455
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	9,170	4,450	4,725
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	780	420	360
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	8,265	3,985	4,285
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	50	15	35
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	10	10
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	50	15	35
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	80	50	30
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,445	760	685
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	10,655	5,230	5,430
Non-movers	9,565	4,735	4,830
Movers	1,085	490	600
Non-migrants	520	220	300
Migrants	570	270	295
Internal migrants	515	245	270
Intraprovincial migrants	500	240	260
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	10
External migrants	55	25	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,335	5,055	5,280
Non-movers	6,760	3,345	3,410
Movers	3,580	1,710	1,870
Non-migrants	1,640	775	865
Migrants	1,940	935	1,000
Internal migrants	1,755	840	915
Intraprovincial migrants	1,740	835	910
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	0
External migrants	180	95	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,395	4,585	4,805
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,640	1,345	1,295
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,750	3,240	3,510
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,275	2,640	2,635
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,105	680	430
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,165	1,965	2,205
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,390	4,585	4,805
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,395	1,150	1,240
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,135	1,025	1,110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,865	2,410	2,455
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,715	1,930	1,785
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,915	1,195	715
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,415	810	605
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	500	385	115
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,570	620	955
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	230	110	115
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,150	480	670
Bachelor's degree	820	335	485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	50	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	10
Master's degree	175	85	85
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	0	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,275	2,640	2,635
No certificate, diploma or degree	965	570	395
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	975	465	510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,340	1,610	1,725
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,540	1,310	1,225
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,370	840	535
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,015	570	445
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	360	270	90
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,060	425	640
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	45	60
Bachelor's degree or higher	800	300	500
Bachelor's degree	575	225	350
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	25	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	15
Master's degree	110	45	65
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	0	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,395	4,585	4,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,525	2,175	2,350
Education	435	130	300
13. Education	435	130	300
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	60	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	30	50
Humanities	195	120	75
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	70	60
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	15	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	325	65	260
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	0	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	20	100
22. Legal professions and studies	45	20	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	40	0	40
45. Social sciences	55	20	35
Business, management and public administration	1,060	325	735
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	0	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	985	320	670
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	40	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25	0	20
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	90	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	70	30
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,125	1,060	65
04. Architecture and related services	45	35	10
14. Engineering	70	65	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	170	150	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	225	205	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	280	270	10
48. Precision production	345	335	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	110	45
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	65	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	45	0
Health and related fields	725	130	595
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	15	35
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	655	115	540
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	495	280	220
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	300	100	200
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	55	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	125	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,275	2,645	2,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,935	1,030	900
Education	230	35	195
13. Education	230	35	195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	35	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	25	40
Humanities	110	75	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	45	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	15	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	235	40	200
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	0	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	10	85
22. Legal professions and studies	45	20	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	30	10	25
Business, management and public administration	785	230	555
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	745	230	515
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	25	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	70	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	60	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	760	710	45
04. Architecture and related services	20	20	0
14. Engineering	60	55	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	80	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	155	145	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	200	190	10
48. Precision production	230	220	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	70	40
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	40	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	30	0
Health and related fields	490	105	385
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	15	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	430	90	340
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	390	205	185
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	235	65	160
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	50	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	90	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,275	2,645	2,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,935	1,030	900
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,335	1,605	1,730
Location of study inside Canada	3,205	1,535	1,670
Same as province or territory of residence	3,170	1,510	1,665
Different than province or territory of residence	35	25	10
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	135	80	60
Americas	25	20	10
United States of America	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	10	0
Europe	60	30	30
Belgium	0	0	0
France	50	30	25
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	40	25	20
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0
Tunisia	35	20	15
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,390	4,585	4,805
In the labour force	5,360	2,850	2,505
Employed	5,015	2,715	2,295
Unemployed	350	135	215
Not in the labour force	4,035	1,730	2,300
Participation rate	57.1	62.2	52.1
Employment rate	53.4	59.2	47.8
Unemployment rate	6.5	4.7	8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,390	4,585	4,810
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,870	1,600	2,270
Worked	5,525	2,985	2,540
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,050	1,710	1,345
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,475	1,280	1,195
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	42.9	42.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,360	2,855	2,505
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	15	75
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,275	2,835	2,435
Employee	4,775	2,510	2,265
Permanent position	4,085	2,135	1,945
Temporary position	690	370	325
Fixed term (1 year or more)	240	110	130
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	455	260	195
Self-employed¹⁹²	500	330	170
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,360	2,855	2,505
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	15	75
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,275	2,835	2,435
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	100	85	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	905	280	630
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	255	185	70
3 Health occupations	435	45	390
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	490	115	375
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	85	40	45
6 Sales and service occupations	1,320	645	675
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	925	855	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	125	100	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	640	500	145
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,360	2,855	2,505
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	15	75
All industries¹⁹¹	5,275	2,835	2,435
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	120	105	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	280	240	45
31-33 Manufacturing	1,240	885	355
41 Wholesale trade	190	140	50
44-45 Retail trade	740	375	360
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	235	195	35
51 Information and cultural industries	25	20	10
52 Finance and insurance	130	45	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	50	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	210	120	85
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	115	55	55
61 Educational services	280	55	225
62 Health care and social assistance	815	140	675
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	25	0
72 Accommodation and food services	345	165	180
81 Other services (except public administration)	230	105	120
91 Public administration	215	95	120
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,800	3,115	2,690
English	20	10	10
French	5,335	2,805	2,530
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	430	285	145
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,800	3,115	2,690
Single responses	5,715	3,070	2,645
Official languages	5,710	3,070	2,640
English	75	45	25
French	5,635	3,025	2,610
Non-official languages	10	0	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	85	45	45
English and French	85	40	45
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,800	3,115	2,690
None	5,440	2,855	2,585
English	295	215	85
French	60	35	20
Non-official language	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,010	2,715	2,295
Worked at home	470	250	220
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	370	285	90
Usual place of work	4,155	2,170	1,985
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,155	2,175	1,985
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,980	1,450	1,530
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	430	255	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	750	470	280
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,530	2,460	2,070
Car, truck or van	4,055	2,205	1,845
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,900	2,140	1,760
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	150	70	80
Public transit	15	10	0
Walked	360	160	200
Bicycle	50	50	0
Other method	55	30	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,530	2,460	2,070
Less than 15 minutes	3,030	1,510	1,515
15 to 29 minutes	870	535	335
30 to 44 minutes	305	185	125
45 to 59 minutes	175	120	55
60 minutes and over	150	100	55
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,530	2,460	2,070
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	275	200	80
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,025	715	310
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,390	725	665
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	830	290	535
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	225	115	110
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	785	410	375
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,660	850	805
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	25	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,590	825	770
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,240	640	605
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	25	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,185	615	565

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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