Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	McMasterville, Municipalité (MÉ)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts	Rates
	Total	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,936	...
Population, 2016¹	5,698	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.2	4.2
Total private dwellings²	2,459	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,408	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,904.0	1,904.0
Land area in square kilometres	3.12	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,935	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,135	19.1
0 to 4 years	300	5.1
5 to 9 years	395	6.7
10 to 14 years	435	7.3
15 to 64 years	3,600	60.7
15 to 19 years	290	4.9
20 to 24 years	240	4.0
25 to 29 years	350	5.9
30 to 34 years	390	6.6
35 to 39 years	400	6.7
40 to 44 years	475	8.0
45 to 49 years	385	6.5
50 to 54 years	345	5.8
55 to 59 years	370	6.2
60 to 64 years	355	6.0
65 years and over	1,205	20.3
65 to 69 years	285	4.8
70 to 74 years	250	4.2
75 to 79 years	190	3.2
80 to 84 years	160	2.7
85 years and over	320	5.4
85 to 89 years	305	5.1
90 to 94 years	10	0.2
95 to 99 years	5	0.1
100 years and over	0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.1	19.1
15 to 64 years	60.7	60.7
65 years and over	20.3	20.3
85 years and over	5.4	5.4
Average age of the population	42.1	42.1
Median age of the population	41.6	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,410	100.0
Single-detached house	1,255	52.1
Semi-detached house	150	6.2
Row house	5	0.2
Apartment or flat in a duplex	435	18.0
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	545	22.6
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	0.0
Other single-attached house	15	0.6
Movable dwelling⁴	0	0.0
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,405	100.0
1 person	710	29.5
2 persons	860	35.8
3 persons	355	14.8
4 persons	355	14.8
5 or more persons	125	5.2
Number of persons in private households	5,585	100.0
Average household size	2.3	2.3
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,805	100.0
Married or living common-law	2,685	55.9
Married	1,215	25.3
Living common-law	1,470	30.6
Living common law - Never married	1,240	25.8
Living common law - Separated	10	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	185	3.9
Living common law - Widowed	30	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	2,120	44.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,375	28.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	330	6.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	355	7.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,660	100.0
2 persons	860	51.8
3 persons	355	21.4
4 persons	335	20.2
5 or more persons	110	6.6
Average size of census families	2.8	2.8
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	1.7
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,660	100.0
Total couple families	1,335	80.4
Married couples	600	36.1
With children⁶	245	14.8
Without children	360	21.7
Common-law couples	735	44.3
With children⁶	425	25.6
Without children	310	18.7
Total one-parent families	325	19.6
in which the parent is a woman+	230	13.9
in which the parent is a man+	95	5.7
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,585	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	4,705	84.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,670	47.8
Parents in one-parent families	325	5.8
Children⁶	1,710	30.6
In a two-parent family	1,225	21.9
In a one-parent family	490	8.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	885	15.8
Living alone	710	12.7
Living with other relatives⁷	70	1.3
Living with non-relatives only	100	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,410	100.0
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,565	64.9
Couple-family households	1,275	52.9
With children⁶	640	26.6
Without children	630	26.1
One-parent-family households	290	12.0
Multigenerational households⁸	20	0.8
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	0.4
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	40	1.7
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	55	2.3
One-person households	715	29.7
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,450	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,370	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	47,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,370	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,110	92.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	39,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,495	78.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	42,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,520	79.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,700	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	615	13.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,840	5,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,365	30.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,450	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,370	98.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,750	52,750
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,370	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,840	43,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,085	91.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	46,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,495	78.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,560	47,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,520	79.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,040	12,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	660	14.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,020	7,020
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,360	30.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,740	7,740
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,450	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,750	39.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,000	62,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,400	67,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,445	32.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	22,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,120	30,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.6	81.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.2	72.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.4	18.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.2	5.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,455	100.0
Without total income	85	1.9
With total income	4,370	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	235	5.4
$10,000 to $19,999	410	9.4
$20,000 to $29,999	570	13.0
$30,000 to $39,999	555	12.7
$40,000 to $49,999	545	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	535	12.2
$60,000 to $69,999	410	9.4
$70,000 to $79,999	290	6.6
$80,000 to $89,999	255	5.8
$90,000 to $99,999	190	4.3
$100,000 and over	365	8.4
$100,000 to $149,999	305	7.0
$150,000 and over	65	1.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,455	100.0
Without after-tax income	85	1.9
With after-tax income	4,370	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	255	5.8
$10,000 to $19,999	445	10.2
$20,000 to $29,999	685	15.7
$30,000 to $39,999	710	16.2
$40,000 to $49,999	725	16.6
$50,000 to $59,999	530	12.1
$60,000 to $69,999	420	9.6
$70,000 to $79,999	265	6.1
$80,000 to $89,999	165	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	65	1.5
$100,000 and over	100	2.3
$100,000 to $124,999	65	1.5
$125,000 and over	35	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,455	100.0
Without employment income	960	21.5
With employment income	3,495	78.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	345	9.9
$5,000 to $9,999	240	6.9
$10,000 to $19,999	400	11.4
$20,000 to $29,999	330	9.4
$30,000 to $39,999	340	9.7
$40,000 to $49,999	360	10.3
$50,000 to $59,999	340	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	275	7.9
$70,000 to $79,999	230	6.6
$80,000 to $89,999	200	5.7
$90,000 to $99,999	125	3.6
$100,000 and over	305	8.7
$100,000 to $124,999	195	5.6
$125,000 and over	110	3.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,450	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,295	96.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,295	96.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,060	91.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,490	78.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	42,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,145	70.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,050	7,050
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	550	12.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,640	4,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,450	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,275	96.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,920	50,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,275	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,960	41,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,070	91.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,720	46,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,505	78.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,520	48,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,130	70.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,850	8,850
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	580	13.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,450	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,740	39.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,200	59,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,100	65,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,370	30.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,600	30,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,440	35,440
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.2	87.2
Employment income (%)	78.0	78.0
Government transfers (%)	12.7	12.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,405	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	86,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	72,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	715	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	46,400
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	40,000
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,695	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	104,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	88,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,410	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,700	95,700
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,500	79,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	720	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,200	56,200
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,900	45,900
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,685	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,600	112,600
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	94,000
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,405	100.0
Under $5,000	5	0.2
$5,000 to $9,999	5	0.2
$10,000 to $14,999	15	0.6
$15,000 to $19,999	25	1.0
$20,000 to $24,999	80	3.3
$25,000 to $29,999	80	3.3
$30,000 to $34,999	60	2.5
$35,000 to $39,999	75	3.1
$40,000 to $44,999	90	3.7
$45,000 to $49,999	85	3.5
$50,000 to $59,999	200	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	195	8.1
$70,000 to $79,999	185	7.7
$80,000 to $89,999	195	8.1
$90,000 to $99,999	160	6.7
$100,000 and over	955	39.7
$100,000 to $124,999	325	13.5
$125,000 to $149,999	235	9.8
$150,000 to $199,999	275	11.4
$200,000 and over	120	5.0
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,405	100.0
Under $5,000	10	0.4
$5,000 to $9,999	5	0.2
$10,000 to $14,999	15	0.6
$15,000 to $19,999	30	1.2
$20,000 to $24,999	90	3.7
$25,000 to $29,999	90	3.7
$30,000 to $34,999	80	3.3
$35,000 to $39,999	105	4.4
$40,000 to $44,999	115	4.8
$45,000 to $49,999	110	4.6
$50,000 to $59,999	240	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	260	10.8
$70,000 to $79,999	210	8.7
$80,000 to $89,999	210	8.7
$90,000 to $99,999	155	6.4
$100,000 and over	685	28.5
$100,000 to $124,999	325	13.5
$125,000 to $149,999	200	8.3
$150,000 and over	155	6.4
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,660	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,000	104,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	87,000
Average family size of economic families	2.9	2.9
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	640	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	87,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	74,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	670	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	138,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	114,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	3.9
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	315	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	79,500
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	69,000
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	2.5
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	815	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,600	45,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	39,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,655	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,400	112,400
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,800	93,800
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	650	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,400	101,400
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	85,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	665	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,800	138,800
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,600	114,600
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	305	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	82,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	69,500
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	810	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,700	54,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,900	44,900
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,590	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,325	23.7
0 to 5 years	395	7.1
18 to 64 years	3,405	60.9
65 years and over	855	15.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	320	...
0 to 17 years	50	...
0 to 5 years	10	...
18 to 64 years	165	...
65 years and over	100	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.7	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	4.8
65 years and over (%)	12.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,585	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,325	23.7
0 to 5 years	395	7.1
18 to 64 years	3,410	61.1
65 years and over	855	15.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	90	...
0 to 17 years	15	...
0 to 5 years	5	...
18 to 64 years	70	...
65 years and over	5	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.6	1.6
0 to 17 years (%)	1.2	1.2
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.0	2.0
65 years and over (%)	0.6	0.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,590	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,730	48.8
In bottom decile	265	4.7
In second decile	405	7.2
In third decile	615	11.0
In fourth decile	695	12.4
In fifth decile	750	13.4
In top half of the distribution	2,860	51.2
In sixth decile	775	13.9
In seventh decile	695	12.4
In eighth decile	710	12.7
In ninth decile	465	8.3
In top decile	220	3.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,585	5,585
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.244	0.244
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.348	0.348
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.211	0.211
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.6	2.6
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,935	100.0
English only	35	0.6
French only	3,030	51.1
English and French	2,865	48.3
Neither English nor French	10	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,935	100.0
English	235	4.0
French	5,620	94.7
English and French	75	1.3
Neither English nor French	10	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,935	100.0
Single responses	5,810	97.9
Official languages	5,645	95.1
English	195	3.3
French	5,445	91.7
Non-official languages	165	2.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	165	2.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	0.3
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	0.3
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	15	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Merina	0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0.0
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	130	2.2
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	0.3
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	15	0.3
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	0.2
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	10	0.2
German	5	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0.0
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	1.6
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	10	0.2
Portuguese	15	0.3
Romanian	5	0.1
Spanish	65	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0.1
Chinese languages	5	0.1
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0.1
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	130	2.2
English and French	105	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,935	100.0
English	105	1.8
French	5,240	88.3
Non-official language	30	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	0.5
English and French	380	6.4
English and non-official language(s)	5	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	105	1.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	1.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,935	100.0
Single responses	5,815	98.0
Official languages	5,725	96.5
English	195	3.3
French	5,535	93.3
Non-official languages	90	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	90	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0.0
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Merina	0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0.0
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	75	1.3
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	0.3
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	10	0.2
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0.0
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	0	0.0
German	0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0.0
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	1.0
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0.2
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	45	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0.1
Chinese languages	5	0.1
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0.1
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	125	2.1
English and French	90	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,935	100.0
None	5,475	92.2
English	230	3.9
French	115	1.9
Non-official language	70	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	70	1.2
English and French	10	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	20	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,585	100.0
Official languages	5,580	99.9
English	2,715	48.6
French	5,560	99.6
Non-official languages	270	4.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	4.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	0.6
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Hausa	0	0.0
Mina	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	0.6
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	35	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Harari	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Merina	0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Krio	0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0.0
Sango	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Tulu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	210	3.8
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Irish	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	0.4
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	25	0.4
German	25	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0.0
Assamese	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Konkani	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0.0
Odia	0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Parsi	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	3.5
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	25	0.4
Portuguese	0	0.0
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	180	3.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Éwé	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0.0
Mwani	0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Soninke	0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nuer	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0.3
Chinese languages	15	0.3
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	15	0.3
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,590	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	55	1.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	55	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	55	1.0
Métis	0	0.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	5,530	98.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,590	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,575	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,405	100.0
Owner	1,590	66.1
Renter	825	34.3
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	0.0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,405	100.0
Condominium	250	10.4
Not condominium	2,155	89.6
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,405	100.0
No bedrooms	0	0.0
1 bedroom	205	8.5
2 bedrooms	785	32.6
3 bedrooms	875	36.4
4 or more bedrooms	545	22.7
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,405	100.0
1 to 4 rooms	685	28.5
5 rooms	370	15.4
6 rooms	285	11.9
7 rooms	310	12.9
8 or more rooms	760	31.6
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	6.3
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,405	100.0
One person or fewer per room	2,400	99.8
More than one person per room	10	0.4
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,405	100.0
Suitable	2,375	98.8
Not suitable	30	1.2
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,405	100.0
1960 or before	380	15.8
1961 to 1980	685	28.5
1981 to 1990	180	7.5
1991 to 2000	235	9.8
2001 to 2005	500	20.8
2006 to 2010	220	9.1
2011 to 2015	95	4.0
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	105	4.4
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,405	100.0
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,300	95.6
Major repairs needed	115	4.8
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,405	100.0
One-maintainer household	1,240	51.6
Two-maintainer household	1,150	47.8
Three-or-more-maintainer household	20	0.8
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,405	100.0
15 to 24 years	50	2.1
25 to 34 years	355	14.8
35 to 44 years	605	25.2
45 to 54 years	390	16.2
55 to 64 years	455	18.9
65 to 74 years	315	13.1
75 to 84 years	210	8.7
85 years and over	30	1.2
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,410	100.0
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,100	87.1
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	310	12.9
30% to less than 100%	305	12.7
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,405	100.0
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	420	17.5
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	285	11.9
Not suitable only	25	1.0
Major repairs needed only	85	3.5
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	0.0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	0.8
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	0.0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	0.0
Acceptable housing	1,985	82.5
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,405	100.0
In core need	100	4.2
Not in core need	2,300	95.6
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,585	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.7	70.7
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.8	9.8
% in core housing need⁶³	1.9	1.9
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,370	1,370
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,267	1,267
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	348,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	356,400	356,400
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	820	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	2.4	2.4
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.9	18.9
% in core housing need⁶³	8.5	8.5
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	970
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	976	976
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,585	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	90	1.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	90	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	90	1.6
Métis single ancestry	0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	170	3.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	165	3.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	155	2.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	5,330	95.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,585	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	5,515	98.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,330	23.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,185	74.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	70	1.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,585	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	5,375	96.2
Immigrants⁸¹	215	3.8
Before 1980	45	0.8
1980 to 1990	30	0.5
1991 to 2000	20	0.4
2001 to 2010	65	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	60	1.1
2011 to 2015	45	0.8
2016 to 2021	15	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	210	100.0
Under 5 years	35	16.7
5 to 14 years	60	28.6
15 to 24 years	10	4.8
25 to 44 years	95	45.2
45 years and over	10	4.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	210	100.0
Americas	65	31.0
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	20	9.5
El Salvador	0	0.0
Guyana	0	0.0
Haiti	0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0.0
Mexico	0	0.0
Peru	0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0.0
United States of America	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	9.5
Europe	115	54.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0.0
Croatia	0	0.0
France	85	40.5
Germany	0	0.0
Greece	0	0.0
Hungary	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0.0
Poland	0	0.0
Portugal	0	0.0
Romania	0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	4.8
Other places of birth in Europe	10	4.8
Africa	15	7.1
Algeria	0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0.0
Egypt	0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0.0
Morocco	0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0.0
Somalia	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0.0
Asia	20	9.5
Afghanistan	0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	4.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0.0
Philippines	0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
India	0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	100.0
Americas	0	0.0
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	0	0.0
Haiti	0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0.0
Mexico	0	0.0
United States of America	0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0.0
Europe	0	0.0
France	0	0.0
Germany	0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0.0
Africa	0	0.0
Algeria	0	0.0
Burundi	0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0.0
Egypt	0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0.0
Morocco	0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0.0
Somalia	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0.0
Asia	0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
India	0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Israel	0	0.0
Japan	0	0.0
Jordan	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0.0
Nepal	0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0.0
Philippines	0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0.0
Australia	0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,590	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	225	4.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	255	4.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,110	91.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	165	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	140	84.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	40	24.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	100	60.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	20	12.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	6.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	165	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	9.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	6.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	130	78.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,590	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	115	2.1
South Asian	0	0.0
Chinese	20	0.4
Black	20	0.4
Filipino	0	0.0
Arab	0	0.0
Latin American	35	0.6
Southeast Asian	0	0.0
West Asian	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	5,465	97.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,585	100.0
Canadian	1,970	35.3
English	85	1.5
Irish	330	5.9
Scottish	80	1.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,860	33.3
German	55	1.0
Chinese	20	0.4
Italian	115	2.1
Indian (India)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Dutch	15	0.3
Polish	20	0.4
Québécois	820	14.7
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	65	1.2
Filipino	0	0.0
French Canadian	650	11.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	110	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	90	1.6
Métis	15	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	75	1.3
Russian	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Welsh	0	0.0
Portuguese	15	0.3
American	25	0.4
Spanish	20	0.4
Swedish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Acadian	80	1.4
Pakistani	0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0.0
Jewish	0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0.0
Greek	35	0.6
Jamaican	0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Romanian	0	0.0
Lebanese	10	0.2
Iranian	0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	0.2
Danish	0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	35	0.6
Sikh	0	0.0
Austrian	0	0.0
Belgian	80	1.4
Haitian	0	0.0
Hindu	0	0.0
Mexican	0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0.0
Swiss	35	0.6
Finnish	0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	0.6
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0.0
Muslim	0	0.0
Egyptian	10	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Colombian	20	0.4
Moroccan	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Syrian	0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0.0
Afghan	0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0.0
Persian	0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0.0
Algerian	0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0.0
Algonquin	20	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
South African	0	0.0
Australian	0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0.0
Chilean	0	0.0
Congolese	0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0.0
Berber	0	0.0
Albanian	0	0.0
Maltese	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0.0
Israeli	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Albertan	0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0.0
African American	0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0.0
Tunisian	35	0.6
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0.0
Cuban	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Laotian	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Fijian	0	0.0
Jatt	0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Dominican	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0.0
Abenaki	40	0.7
Moldovan	0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0.0
Breton	10	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0.0
Norman	0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0.0
Burundian	0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0.0
Malayali	0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0.0
Mayan	0	0.0
Honduran	0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0.2
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0.0
Flemish	0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Goan	0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Azorean	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0.0
Central African	0	0.0
Libyan	0	0.0
Basque	0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0.0
Igorot	0	0.0
Fulani	0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0.0
Guinean	0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0.0
Maliseet	10	0.2
Beninese	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Roma	0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0.0
Karen	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Tajik	0	0.0
Amhara	0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,590	100.0
Buddhist	0	0.0
Christian	3,525	63.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	360	6.4
Anabaptist	0	0.0
Anglican	0	0.0
Baptist	0	0.0
Catholic	3,065	54.8
Christian Orthodox	20	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	30	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0.0
Presbyterian	10	0.2
Reformed	0	0.0
United Church	10	0.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	10	0.2
Hindu	0	0.0
Jewish	0	0.0
Muslim	40	0.7
Sikh	0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	2,000	35.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,510	100.0
Non-movers	5,025	91.2
Movers	490	8.9
Non-migrants	120	2.2
Migrants	365	6.6
Internal migrants	360	6.5
Intraprovincial migrants	360	6.5
Interprovincial migrants	0	0.0
External migrants	0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	5,300	100.0
Non-movers	3,355	63.3
Movers	1,945	36.7
Non-migrants	350	6.6
Migrants	1,595	30.1
Internal migrants	1,565	29.5
Intraprovincial migrants	1,540	29.1
Interprovincial migrants	25	0.5
External migrants	30	0.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,450	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	790	17.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,660	82.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,050	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	365	12.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,690	88.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,455	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	670	15.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	990	22.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,790	62.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,945	43.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	790	17.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	560	12.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	230	5.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	965	21.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	185	4.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	850	19.1
Bachelor's degree	640	14.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0.0
Master's degree	135	3.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,050	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	275	9.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	540	17.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,235	73.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,505	49.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	615	20.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	430	14.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	180	5.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	750	24.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	725	23.8
Bachelor's degree	540	17.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0.0
Master's degree	120	3.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,455	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,660	37.3
Education	225	5.1
13. Education	225	5.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	150	3.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	0.6
50. Visual and performing arts	125	2.8
Humanities	125	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0.0
54. History	10	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	280	6.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	55	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0.3
42. Psychology	50	1.1
45. Social sciences	15	0.3
Business, management and public administration	700	15.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	670	15.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	2.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	1.8
25. Library science	0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	610	13.7
04. Architecture and related services	15	0.3
14. Engineering	85	1.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	100	2.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0.0
46. Construction trades	175	3.9
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	2.5
48. Precision production	115	2.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	30	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0.3
Health and related fields	315	7.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	300	6.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	200	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	90	2.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	70	1.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	0.9
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,055	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	815	26.7
Education	160	5.2
13. Education	160	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	3.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	0.7
50. Visual and performing arts	90	2.9
Humanities	95	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0.0
54. History	10	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	250	8.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	3.4
22. Legal professions and studies	45	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0.3
42. Psychology	40	1.3
45. Social sciences	20	0.7
Business, management and public administration	580	19.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	555	18.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	2.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	2.1
25. Library science	0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	505	16.5
04. Architecture and related services	20	0.7
14. Engineering	70	2.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	90	2.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0.0
46. Construction trades	155	5.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	2.5
48. Precision production	95	3.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0.5
Health and related fields	240	7.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	230	7.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	145	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	1.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	2.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	1.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,055	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	815	26.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,235	73.2
Location of study inside Canada	2,175	71.2
Same as province or territory of residence	2,135	69.9
Different than province or territory of residence	40	1.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	65	2.1
Americas	25	0.8
United States of America	0	0.0
Mexico	0	0.0
Cuba	0	0.0
Haiti	0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0.0
Brazil	0	0.0
Colombia	0	0.0
Peru	0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0.0
Europe	20	0.7
Belgium	0	0.0
France	20	0.7
Germany	0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0.0
Hungary	0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0.0
Poland	0	0.0
Romania	0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0.0
Italy	0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0.0
Africa	10	0.3
Nigeria	0	0.0
Algeria	0	0.0
Morocco	0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0.0
Egypt	0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0.0
Asia	0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0.0
Iraq	0	0.0
Israel	0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0.0
Turkey	0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0.0
Japan	0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0.0
Philippines	0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0.0
India	0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0.0
Oceania	0	0.0
Australia	0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,455	...
In the labour force	3,250	...
Employed	3,095	...
Unemployed	160	...
Not in the labour force	1,200	...
Participation rate	73.0	73.0
Employment rate	69.5	69.5
Unemployment rate	4.9	4.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,455	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,205	27.0
Worked	3,250	73.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,760	39.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,485	33.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,255	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,200	98.3
Employee	2,920	89.7
Permanent position	2,515	77.3
Temporary position	400	12.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	120	3.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	280	8.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	285	8.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,255	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,200	98.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	40	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	645	19.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	225	6.9
3 Health occupations	230	7.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	470	14.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	750	23.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	605	18.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	0.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	115	3.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,255	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	3,200	98.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	0.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0.0
22 Utilities	55	1.7
23 Construction	305	9.4
31-33 Manufacturing	290	8.9
41 Wholesale trade	130	4.0
44-45 Retail trade	400	12.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	165	5.1
51 Information and cultural industries	45	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	185	5.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	1.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	250	7.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	55	1.7
61 Educational services	265	8.1
62 Health care and social assistance	340	10.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	50	1.5
72 Accommodation and food services	180	5.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	155	4.8
91 Public administration	250	7.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,405	100.0
English	45	1.3
French	2,540	74.6
Non-official language	0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0.0
English and French	805	23.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,405	100.0
Single responses	3,310	97.2
Official languages	3,310	97.2
English	160	4.7
French	3,150	92.5
Non-official languages	0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Haida	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0.0
Oneida	0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0.0
Michif	0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0.0
Squamish	0	0.0
Straits	0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0.0
Dakota	0	0.0
Stoney	0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0.0
Haisla	0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0.0
Coptic	0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0.0
Bilen	0	0.0
Oromo	0	0.0
Somali	0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0.0
Amharic	0	0.0
Arabic	0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0.0
Bikol	0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0.0
Malay	0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0.0
Kannada	0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0.0
Tamil	0	0.0
Telugu	0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Georgian	0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0.0
Albanian	0	0.0
Armenian	0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0.0
Latvian	0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0.0
Czech	0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0.0
Polish	0	0.0
Russian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0.0
Croatian	0	0.0
Serbian	0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Slovak	0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0.0
Frisian	0	0.0
High German languages	0	0.0
German	0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0.0
Dutch	0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0.0
Danish	0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0.0
Swedish	0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Greek	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0.0
Bengali	0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0.0
Hindi	0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0.0
Marathi	0	0.0
Nepali	0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0.0
Urdu	0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0.0
Pashto	0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0.0
Dari	0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0.0
Catalan	0	0.0
Italian	0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0.0
Romanian	0	0.0
Spanish	0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Japanese	0	0.0
Korean	0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0.0
Edo	0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0.0
Ga	0	0.0
Ganda	0	0.0
Igbo	0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0.0
Lingala	0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0.0
Shona	0	0.0
Swahili	0	0.0
Wolof	0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0.0
Dinka	0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0.0
Hakka	0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0.0
Burmese	0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0.0
Lao	0	0.0
Thai	0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0.0
Turkish	0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0.0
Estonian	0	0.0
Finnish	0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0.0
Multiple responses	95	2.8
English and French	95	2.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,405	100.0
None	2,675	78.6
English	610	17.9
French	100	2.9
Non-official language	0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0.0
English and French	0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,095	100.0
Worked at home	605	19.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	365	11.8
Usual place of work	2,125	68.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,125	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	265	12.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	565	26.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,290	60.7
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,490	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,270	91.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,140	85.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	130	5.2
Public transit	120	4.8
Walked	65	2.6
Bicycle	30	1.2
Other method	10	0.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,490	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	625	25.1
15 to 29 minutes	850	34.1
30 to 44 minutes	575	23.1
45 to 59 minutes	220	8.8
60 minutes and over	220	8.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,490	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	260	10.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	450	18.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	815	32.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	405	16.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	265	10.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	295	11.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,350	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155	11.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,195	88.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,020	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	120	11.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	7.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	900	88.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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