Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Longueuil, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	254,483
Population, 2016¹	239,897^r
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.1
Total private dwellings²	117,006
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	113,086
Population density per square kilometre	2,198.2
Land area in square kilometres	115.77
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	254,480
0 to 14 years	42,645
0 to 4 years	13,740
5 to 9 years	14,755
10 to 14 years	14,150
15 to 64 years	163,570
15 to 19 years	12,475
20 to 24 years	13,995
25 to 29 years	16,690
30 to 34 years	17,350
35 to 39 years	18,170
40 to 44 years	18,450
45 to 49 years	16,165
50 to 54 years	15,145
55 to 59 years	17,610
60 to 64 years	17,525
65 years and over	48,270
65 to 69 years	15,250
70 to 74 years	12,780
75 to 79 years	9,440
80 to 84 years	5,820
85 years and over	4,980
85 to 89 years	3,235
90 to 94 years	1,355
95 to 99 years	340
100 years and over	55
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.8
15 to 64 years	64.3
65 years and over	19.0
85 years and over	2.0
Average age of the population	41.7
Median age of the population	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	113,085
Single-detached house	36,095
Semi-detached house	5,790
Row house	3,490
Apartment or flat in a duplex	6,210
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	55,555
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	4,840
Other single-attached house	555
Movable dwelling⁴	555
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	113,085
1 person	40,730
2 persons	37,340
3 persons	15,250
4 persons	12,750
5 or more persons	7,020
Number of persons in private households	250,425
Average household size	2.2
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	211,840
Married or living common-law	112,640
Married	68,655
Living common-law	43,985
Living common law - Never married	36,060
Living common law - Separated	510
Living common law - Divorced	6,710
Living common law - Widowed	705
Not married and not living common-law	99,195
Not married and not living common law - Never married	68,015
Not married and not living common law - Separated	3,735
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	16,775
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	10,670
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	68,760
2 persons	36,470
3 persons	14,440
4 persons	12,200
5 or more persons	5,655
Average size of census families	2.8
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	68,765
Total couple families	55,090
Married couples	33,110
With children⁶	17,055
Without children	16,055
Common-law couples	21,980
With children⁶	10,095
Without children	11,885
Total one-parent families	13,670
in which the parent is a woman+	10,460
in which the parent is a man+	3,215
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	250,425
Total - Persons in census families	195,245
Married spouses or common-law partners	110,180
Parents in one-parent families	13,675
Children⁶	71,390
In a two-parent family	50,865
In a one-parent family	20,525
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	55,185
Living alone	40,730
Living with other relatives⁷	5,955
Living with non-relatives only	8,500
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	113,085
One-census-family households without additional persons	63,140
Couple-family households	51,550
With children⁶	25,375
Without children	26,180
One-parent-family households	11,590
Multigenerational households⁸	1,755
Multiple-census-family households⁹	320
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	2,510
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	4,630
One-person households	40,735
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	207,820
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	201,875
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	201,960
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	180,125
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	147,805
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	167,965
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,895
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	59,680
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	207,820
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	201,855
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	201,905
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	180,240
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	147,805
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	168,115
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,845
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,850
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	59,045
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,390
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	207,820
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	69,945
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	60,855
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,040
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	207,820
Without total income	5,945
With total income	201,875
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,810
$10,000 to $19,999	23,330
$20,000 to $29,999	33,235
$30,000 to $39,999	27,725
$40,000 to $49,999	26,765
$50,000 to $59,999	21,610
$60,000 to $69,999	15,435
$70,000 to $79,999	11,030
$80,000 to $89,999	8,485
$90,000 to $99,999	5,745
$100,000 and over	14,705
$100,000 to $149,999	10,880
$150,000 and over	3,825
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	207,820
Without after-tax income	5,860
With after-tax income	201,960
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,700
$10,000 to $19,999	24,600
$20,000 to $29,999	39,445
$30,000 to $39,999	34,905
$40,000 to $49,999	31,390
$50,000 to $59,999	21,150
$60,000 to $69,999	13,915
$70,000 to $79,999	8,520
$80,000 to $89,999	4,940
$90,000 to $99,999	2,910
$100,000 and over	5,490
$100,000 to $124,999	3,205
$125,000 and over	2,285
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	207,820
Without employment income	60,010
With employment income	147,810
Under $5,000 (including loss)	19,240
$5,000 to $9,999	11,980
$10,000 to $19,999	17,800
$20,000 to $29,999	15,020
$30,000 to $39,999	15,095
$40,000 to $49,999	15,540
$50,000 to $59,999	13,155
$60,000 to $69,999	9,895
$70,000 to $79,999	7,750
$80,000 to $89,999	6,455
$90,000 to $99,999	4,255
$100,000 and over	11,625
$100,000 to $124,999	6,075
$125,000 and over	5,555
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	207,820
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	197,930
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	198,010
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	177,265
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	146,920
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	153,165
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	19,295
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,760
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	207,820
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	197,935
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	198,030
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	177,180
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	146,745
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	153,375
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,235
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,840
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	207,820
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	69,530
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	56,715
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	84.6
Employment income (%)	71.6
Government transfers (%)	15.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	113,085
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	71,500
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	40,735
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	72,355
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	113,085
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	87,800
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	40,720
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,360
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	72,365
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,500
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	113,085
Under $5,000	900
$5,000 to $9,999	675
$10,000 to $14,999	1,515
$15,000 to $19,999	2,610
$20,000 to $24,999	6,200
$25,000 to $29,999	4,215
$30,000 to $34,999	4,405
$35,000 to $39,999	4,815
$40,000 to $44,999	5,420
$45,000 to $49,999	5,450
$50,000 to $59,999	10,045
$60,000 to $69,999	8,955
$70,000 to $79,999	8,045
$80,000 to $89,999	7,390
$90,000 to $99,999	6,510
$100,000 and over	35,930
$100,000 to $124,999	12,625
$125,000 to $149,999	8,605
$150,000 to $199,999	8,795
$200,000 and over	5,910
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	113,085
Under $5,000	1,015
$5,000 to $9,999	715
$10,000 to $14,999	1,550
$15,000 to $19,999	2,725
$20,000 to $24,999	6,740
$25,000 to $29,999	5,330
$30,000 to $34,999	5,470
$35,000 to $39,999	6,390
$40,000 to $44,999	6,675
$45,000 to $49,999	6,290
$50,000 to $59,999	11,350
$60,000 to $69,999	10,065
$70,000 to $79,999	8,995
$80,000 to $89,999	7,820
$90,000 to $99,999	6,590
$100,000 and over	25,345
$100,000 to $124,999	11,700
$125,000 to $149,999	6,515
$150,000 and over	7,135
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	69,125
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000
Average family size of economic families	2.9
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	26,440
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	27,260
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	13,150
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	49,235
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	69,230
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,100
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,300
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	26,550
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,400
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,800
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	27,225
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,400
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,500
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	13,180
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,300
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,300
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	49,035
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,560
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	250,430
0 to 17 years	50,180
0 to 5 years	16,670
18 to 64 years	155,385
65 years and over	44,860
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	29,755
0 to 17 years	5,825
0 to 5 years	1,985
18 to 64 years	15,625
65 years and over	8,305
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.9
0 to 17 years (%)	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	11.9
18 to 64 years (%)	10.1
65 years and over (%)	18.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	250,430
0 to 17 years	50,180
0 to 5 years	16,670
18 to 64 years	155,385
65 years and over	44,865
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	17,200
0 to 17 years	3,090
0 to 5 years	1,040
18 to 64 years	11,170
65 years and over	2,940
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.2
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2
65 years and over (%)	6.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	250,430
In bottom half of the distribution	145,435
In bottom decile	26,010
In second decile	27,585
In third decile	31,335
In fourth decile	31,165
In fifth decile	29,335
In top half of the distribution	104,995
In sixth decile	27,380
In seventh decile	25,620
In eighth decile	21,820
In ninth decile	17,785
In top decile	12,390
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	250,430
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.307
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.437
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.263
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	251,825
English only	8,635
French only	108,890
English and French	131,555
Neither English nor French	2,750
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	251,825
English	23,575
French	211,740
English and French	13,860
Neither English nor French	2,650
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	251,825
Single responses	240,445
Official languages	195,640
English	14,565
French	181,075
Non-official languages	44,810
Indigenous languages³⁹	15
Algonquian languages	15
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	15
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	10
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	44,790
Afro-Asiatic languages	8,695
Berber languages	1,225
Kabyle	1,115
Tamazight	100
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10
Chadic languages	65
Hausa	25
Mina	35
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	25
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	7,380
Amharic	15
Arabic	7,340
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	20
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,365
Khmer (Cambodian)	295
Vietnamese	1,065
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	605
Bikol	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10
Cebuano	25
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	15
Ilocano	25
Indonesian	30
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	195
Merina	135
Malagasy, n.o.s.	60
Malay	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	275
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15
Creole languages	3,120
Haitian Creole	2,195
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	395
Sango	20
Creole, n.o.s.	490
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20
Dravidian languages	290
Kannada	30
Malayalam	45
Tamil	105
Telugu	120
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	24,225
Albanian	80
Armenian	80
Balto-Slavic languages	3,100
Baltic languages	20
Latvian	5
Lithuanian	15
Slavic languages	3,080
Belarusian	10
Bulgarian	375
Czech	30
Macedonian	10
Polish	350
Russian	1,800
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	170
Bosnian	10
Croatian	65
Serbian	90
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	5
Slovak	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	75
Ukrainian	235
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	10
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	410
Frisian	0
High German languages	315
German	300
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	10
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	60
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10
Scandinavian languages	20
Danish	5
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	485
Indo-Iranian languages	3,580
Indo-Aryan languages	1,005
Assamese	0
Bengali	220
Gujarati	70
Hindi	195
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	5
Marathi	40
Nepali	5
Oriya languages	5
Odia	5
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	175
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10
Urdu	260
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10
Iranian languages	2,570
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	30
Parsi	0
Pashto	65
Persian languages	2,470
Dari	1,660
Iranian Persian	640
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	175
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	16,485
Catalan	5
Italian	985
Portuguese	1,950
Romanian	2,235
Spanish	11,300
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	60
Korean	230
Mongolian	5
Niger-Congo languages	2,175
Akan (Twi)	10
Bamanankan	115
Edo	0
Éwé	50
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	215
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	160
Lingala	195
Luba-Kasai	20
Mòoré	50
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	340
Shona	0
Soninke	5
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	145
Wojenaka	35
Wolof	430
Yoruba	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	360
Nilo-Saharan languages	55
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	45
African, n.o.s.	5
Sign languages	65
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	55
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,195
Chinese languages	3,150
Hakka	20
Mandarin	1,910
Min Dong	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	105
Wu (Shanghainese)	40
Yue (Cantonese)	1,005
Chinese, n.o.s.	75
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	45
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	45
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	370
Lao	335
Thai	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	190
Azerbaijani	5
Kazakh	0
Turkish	155
Uyghur	20
Uzbek	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5
Uralic languages	135
Estonian	0
Finnish	5
Hungarian	130
Other languages, n.i.e.	5
Multiple responses	11,375
English and French	4,460
English and non-official language(s)	1,025
French and non-official language(s)	4,585
English, French and non-official language(s)	975
Multiple non-official languages	340
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	251,825
English	13,075
French	172,310
Non-official language	13,795
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	13,795
English and French	17,190
English and non-official language(s)	3,940
French and non-official language(s)	19,950
English, French and non-official language(s)	10,900
Multiple non-official languages	670
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	251,825
Single responses	237,735
Official languages	212,080
English	18,875
French	193,210
Non-official languages	25,650
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	25,645
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,760
Berber languages	480
Kabyle	425
Tamazight	45
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10
Chadic languages	25
Hausa	10
Mina	15
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	10
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	3,245
Amharic	0
Arabic	3,230
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	10
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	770
Khmer (Cambodian)	135
Vietnamese	630
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	205
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	10
Indonesian	15
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	65
Merina	30
Malagasy, n.o.s.	30
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	1,340
Haitian Creole	890
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	210
Sango	15
Creole, n.o.s.	220
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10
Dravidian languages	180
Kannada	10
Malayalam	20
Tamil	70
Telugu	70
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	15,630
Albanian	50
Armenian	35
Balto-Slavic languages	2,130
Baltic languages	5
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	5
Slavic languages	2,125
Belarusian	10
Bulgarian	285
Czech	10
Macedonian	0
Polish	115
Russian	1,455
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	55
Bosnian	0
Croatian	25
Serbian	30
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	25
Ukrainian	155
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	50
Frisian	0
High German languages	35
German	35
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	215
Indo-Iranian languages	2,505
Indo-Aryan languages	605
Assamese	0
Bengali	135
Gujarati	25
Hindi	115
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	30
Nepali	5
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	115
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5
Urdu	170
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	1,895
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	20
Parsi	0
Pashto	40
Persian languages	1,835
Dari	1,175
Iranian Persian	535
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	120
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10,645
Catalan	0
Italian	215
Portuguese	1,105
Romanian	1,500
Spanish	7,820
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	20
Korean	170
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	645
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	35
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	50
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	55
Lingala	65
Luba-Kasai	5
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	150
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	50
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	175
Yoruba	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	20
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	95
American Sign Language	15
Quebec Sign Language	60
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,465
Chinese languages	2,435
Hakka	10
Mandarin	1,565
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65
Wu (Shanghainese)	25
Yue (Cantonese)	715
Chinese, n.o.s.	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	25
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	200
Lao	195
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	110
Azerbaijani	5
Kazakh	0
Turkish	95
Uyghur	10
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	50
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	50
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	14,090
English and French	5,060
English and non-official language(s)	1,375
French and non-official language(s)	6,075
English, French and non-official language(s)	1,460
Multiple non-official languages	110
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	251,825
None	210,225
English	12,185
French	10,275
Non-official language	10,835
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	10,830
English and French	2,500
English and non-official language(s)	3,360
French and non-official language(s)	1,485
English, French and non-official language(s)	275
Multiple non-official languages	685
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	250,430
Official languages	247,625
English	139,450
French	239,190
Non-official languages	69,775
Indigenous languages³⁹	50
Algonquian languages	30
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	30
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	10
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	10
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	10
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	15
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	69,730
Afro-Asiatic languages	13,900
Berber languages	2,180
Kabyle	1,915
Tamazight	230
Berber languages, n.i.e.	45
Chadic languages	190
Hausa	60
Mina	130
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	30
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	12,750
Amharic	15
Arabic	12,535
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	200
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,705
Khmer (Cambodian)	410
Vietnamese	1,340
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	965
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10
Cebuano	20
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	20
Ilocano	40
Indonesian	55
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	325
Merina	225
Malagasy, n.o.s.	105
Malay	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	530
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	50
Creole languages	7,175
Haitian Creole	5,975
Jamaican English Creole	25
Krio	0
Morisyen	685
Sango	40
Creole, n.o.s.	785
Creole languages, n.i.e.	125
Dravidian languages	460
Kannada	50
Malayalam	80
Tamil	215
Telugu	160
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	37,910
Albanian	95
Armenian	140
Balto-Slavic languages	4,395
Baltic languages	30
Latvian	10
Lithuanian	25
Slavic languages	4,380
Belarusian	40
Bulgarian	505
Czech	50
Macedonian	40
Polish	385
Russian	3,225
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	255
Bosnian	0
Croatian	145
Serbian	130
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	10
Slovak	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	50
Ukrainian	470
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	30
Irish	20
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	1,225
Frisian	0
High German languages	1,030
German	1,015
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	15
Yiddish	10
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	160
Afrikaans	35
Dutch	105
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25
Scandinavian languages	80
Danish	15
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	20
Swedish	55
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	740
Indo-Iranian languages	4,760
Indo-Aryan languages	1,900
Assamese	0
Bengali	200
Gujarati	115
Hindi	950
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	25
Konkani	10
Marathi	45
Nepali	25
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	385
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20
Urdu	700
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	50
Iranian languages	3,225
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	65
Parsi	0
Pashto	155
Persian languages	3,065
Dari	1,960
Iranian Persian	850
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	315
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	27,890
Catalan	25
Italian	2,485
Portuguese	3,075
Romanian	2,760
Spanish	21,015
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	10
Japanese	295
Korean	420
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	4,770
Akan (Twi)	70
Bamanankan	295
Edo	0
Éwé	120
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	300
Ga	0
Ganda	25
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	320
Lingala	835
Luba-Kasai	90
Mòoré	180
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	490
Shona	0
Soninke	10
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	540
Wojenaka	135
Wolof	875
Yoruba	205
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,240
Nilo-Saharan languages	85
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	85
African, n.o.s.	70
Sign languages	260
American Sign Language	45
Quebec Sign Language	215
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,960
Chinese languages	3,905
Hakka	20
Mandarin	2,625
Min Dong	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	195
Wu (Shanghainese)	50
Yue (Cantonese)	1,455
Chinese, n.o.s.	45
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	65
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	55
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	10
Tai-Kadai languages	355
Lao	325
Thai	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	430
Azerbaijani	15
Kazakh	0
Turkish	340
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	45
Uralic languages	195
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	190
Other languages, n.i.e.	70
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	250,430
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,255
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,100
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,780
Métis	1,250
Inuk (Inuit)	70
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	120
Non-Indigenous identity	247,175
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	250,430
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	505
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	249,925
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	113,085
Owner	59,155
Renter	53,925
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	113,085
Condominium	21,540
Not condominium	91,545
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	113,085
No bedrooms	640
1 bedroom	20,290
2 bedrooms	39,105
3 bedrooms	35,395
4 or more bedrooms	17,655
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	113,085
1 to 4 rooms	49,205
5 rooms	20,885
6 rooms	10,825
7 rooms	10,800
8 or more rooms	21,370
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.4
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	113,085
One person or fewer per room	111,425
More than one person per room	1,660
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	113,085
Suitable	108,045
Not suitable	5,040
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	113,085
1960 or before	18,450
1961 to 1980	44,100
1981 to 1990	18,275
1991 to 2000	10,130
2001 to 2005	4,065
2006 to 2010	4,945
2011 to 2015	5,540
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	7,575
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	113,085
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	105,425
Major repairs needed	7,655
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	113,085
One-maintainer household	63,700
Two-maintainer household	46,440
Three-or-more-maintainer household	2,945
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	113,085
15 to 24 years	3,190
25 to 34 years	16,720
35 to 44 years	21,240
45 to 54 years	19,460
55 to 64 years	22,160
65 to 74 years	17,850
75 to 84 years	9,760
85 years and over	2,700
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	112,735
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	93,215
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	19,520
30% to less than 100%	18,150
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	113,090
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	29,880
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	17,745
Not suitable only	4,025
Major repairs needed only	5,800
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	455
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	1,295
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	540
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25
Acceptable housing	83,205
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	111,365
In core need	9,170
Not in core need	102,190
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	59,160
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.4
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.5
% in core housing need⁶³	2.3
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,210
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,261
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	376,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	399,200
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	53,930
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.6
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.9
% in core housing need⁶³	14.9
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	907
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	250,430
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,725
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,700
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,365
Métis single ancestry	305
Inuit single ancestry	30
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	5,795
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	5,755
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	5,340
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	365
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	241,905
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	250,425
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	228,950
Canadian citizens aged under 18	45,700
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	183,245
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	21,480
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	250,425
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	190,085
Immigrants⁸¹	53,070
Before 1980	5,620
1980 to 1990	4,445
1991 to 2000	6,560
2001 to 2010	15,360
2011 to 2021⁸²	21,085
2011 to 2015	11,000
2016 to 2021	10,085
Non-permanent residents⁸³	7,275
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	53,070
Under 5 years	5,490
5 to 14 years	9,120
15 to 24 years	8,040
25 to 44 years	26,920
45 years and over	3,500
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	53,070
Americas	14,025
Brazil	640
Colombia	2,340
El Salvador	390
Guyana	135
Haiti	4,465
Jamaica	100
Mexico	960
Peru	1,020
Trinidad and Tobago	165
United States of America	540
Other places of birth in Americas	3,270
Europe	11,005
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45
Croatia	80
France	3,725
Germany	215
Greece	275
Hungary	70
Italy	525
Netherlands	40
Poland	210
Portugal	680
Romania	1,720
Russian Federation	575
Serbia⁸⁶	55
Ukraine	565
United Kingdom⁸⁷	295
Other places of birth in Europe	1,930
Africa	18,100
Algeria	3,800
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	865
Egypt	535
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	25
Morocco	3,760
Nigeria	60
Somalia	10
South Africa, Republic of	15
Other places of birth in Africa	9,035
Asia	9,875
Afghanistan	1,410
Iran⁸⁸	645
Iraq	80
Lebanon	640
Syria⁸⁹	265
Turkey	155
China⁹⁰	1,835
Hong Kong⁹¹	220
Korea, South⁹²	210
Taiwan	110
Philippines	505
Viet Nam	1,000
Bangladesh	115
India	635
Pakistan	380
Sri Lanka	115
Other places of birth in Asia	1,555
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	60
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	10,085
Americas	1,705
Brazil	120
Colombia	465
Haiti	370
Jamaica	0
Mexico	135
United States of America	35
Venezuela⁹⁵	175
Other places of birth in Americas	390
Europe	1,300
France	765
Germany	20
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	10
Russian Federation	95
Ukraine	90
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10
Other places of birth in Europe	295
Africa	5,005
Algeria	675
Burundi	215
Cameroon	1,040
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	180
Côte d'Ivoire	830
Egypt	55
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	10
Morocco	575
Nigeria	25
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	305
Other places of birth in Africa	1,090
Asia	2,065
Afghanistan	370
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	370
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	320
Iran⁸⁸	120
Iraq	25
Israel	20
Japan	20
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	85
Lebanon	60
Nepal	0
Pakistan	115
Philippines	50
Saudi Arabia	20
Sri Lanka	10
Syria⁸⁹	170
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	10
Viet Nam	80
Other places of birth in Asia	205
Oceania and other⁹³	20
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	20
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	250,430
First generation¹⁰⁰	61,990
Second generation¹⁰¹	32,690
Third generation or more¹⁰²	155,750
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	47,450
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	28,485
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	12,850
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	15,635
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	10,825
Refugees¹⁰⁸	7,495
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	640
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	47,450
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	4,060
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	3,225
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	1,065
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	2,170
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	480
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	36,445
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	250,430
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	63,240
South Asian	2,605
Chinese	4,300
Black	24,910
Filipino	820
Arab	11,025
Latin American	11,400
Southeast Asian	2,730
West Asian	2,855
Korean	425
Japanese	145
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	605
Multiple visible minorities	1,430
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	187,190
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	250,430
Canadian	60,585
English	4,825
Irish	11,950
Scottish	5,380
French, n.o.s.¹²²	54,350
German	3,585
Chinese	4,710
Italian	7,930
Indian (India)	1,995
Ukrainian	1,530
Dutch	595
Polish	1,700
Québécois	27,500
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	990
Filipino	780
French Canadian	14,095
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	3,580
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	3,830
Métis	740
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	2,675
Russian	1,925
Norwegian	185
Welsh	315
Portuguese	2,550
American	1,260
Spanish	2,940
Swedish	155
Hungarian	640
Acadian	2,435
Pakistani	445
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	4,245
Jewish	455
Punjabi	20
Vietnamese	1,720
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	4,805
Greek	1,285
Jamaican	445
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	505
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	190
Korean	395
Romanian	2,465
Lebanese	1,310
Iranian	745
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,575
Danish	130
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	910
Sikh	40
Austrian	255
Belgian	1,935
Haitian	8,780
Hindu	285
Mexican	1,865
Mennonite	0
Swiss	650
Finnish	45
Sri Lankan	100
Croatian	250
Japanese	250
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	50
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	420
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	120
Muslim	825
Egyptian	935
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	1,630
Tamil	125
Icelandic	45
Colombian	3,280
Moroccan	3,595
Czech	140
Syrian	350
Guyanese	150
Afghan	1,910
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	725
Serbian	185
Ojibway	30
Newfoundlander	50
Hong Konger	45
Ontarian	90
Persian	280
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	245
Turkish	250
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	75
Bangladeshi	105
Algerian	2,955
Brazilian	1,100
Nigerian	170
Armenian	335
Slovak	105
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	190
Somali	10
Taiwanese	125
Iraqi	115
Salvadorean	675
African Caribbean	390
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	115
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	40
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	335
Algonquin	405
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	115
Lithuanian	165
South African	25
Australian	30
Palestinian	60
Chilean	1,350
Congolese	1,340
Nova Scotian	50
Ethiopian	60
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	350
Peruvian	1,440
Yoruba	165
Cambodian (Khmer)	585
Berber	2,225
Albanian	90
Maltese	20
Macedonian	50
Slovenian	140
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	200
New Brunswicker	160
Gujarati	20
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	135
Israeli	75
Mohawk	155
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	30
Bulgarian	555
Albertan	10
Ghanaian	100
Barbadian	220
African American	165
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	65
Tunisian	965
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	160
Cuban	715
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	770
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	440
Latvian	30
Bengali	80
Cameroonian	1,600
Guatemalan	400
Indonesian	30
Laotian	490
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	55
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	70
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	70
Franco Ontarian	170
Argentinian	215
Estonian	10
Kurdish	110
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	170
Coptic	110
Thai	85
Dominican	735
Nepali	30
Kabyle	1,015
Assyrian	0
Igbo	30
Byelorussian	185
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15
Abenaki	475
Moldovan	625
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	355
New Zealander	15
Sudanese	45
Breton	585
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	75
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	580
Huron (Wendat)	415
Saskatchewanian	10
Buddhist	25
Gaspesian	470
Norman	285
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	955
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	420
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	140
Mauritian	520
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	55
Jordanian	50
Manitoban	10
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	340
Grenadian	30
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	90
Honduran	110
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	10
Flemish	40
United Empire Loyalist	15
Senegalese	510
Azerbaijani	40
Sicilian	100
Pashtun	65
Malay	10
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	250
Tibetan	55
Zimbabwean	10
Burmese	20
Mongolian	55
Azorean	70
Atikamekw	115
Bamileke	790
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	10
Central African	375
Libyan	70
Basque	125
Uruguayan	115
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	235
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	95
Igorot	0
Fulani	415
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	300
St. Lucian	20
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	115
Beninese	385
Telugu	30
Roma	25
Costa Rican	45
African Nova Scotian	30
Malagasy	410
Kashmiri	25
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	50
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	250,430
Buddhist	1,710
Christian	151,155
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	16,035
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	1,040
Baptist	1,345
Catholic	118,865
Christian Orthodox	5,060
Jehovah's Witness	1,275
Latter Day Saints	595
Lutheran	125
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	75
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	1,620
Presbyterian	300
Reformed	40
United Church	390
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	4,395
Hindu	1,180
Jewish	320
Muslim	20,530
Sikh	135
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	940
No religion and secular perspectives	74,445
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	247,845
Non-movers	218,125
Movers	29,725
Non-migrants	15,865
Migrants	13,860
Internal migrants	12,330
Intraprovincial migrants	11,580
Interprovincial migrants	745
External migrants	1,535
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	236,765
Non-movers	133,085
Movers	103,680
Non-migrants	42,590
Migrants	61,090
Internal migrants	47,500
Intraprovincial migrants	45,655
Interprovincial migrants	1,845
External migrants	13,595
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	207,820
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	42,340
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	165,485
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	136,620
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	19,705
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	116,915
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	207,820
No certificate, diploma or degree	37,150
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	44,825
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	125,850
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	74,245
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	29,680
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	21,710
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	7,975
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	35,405
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,160
Bachelor's degree or higher	51,610
Bachelor's degree	32,000
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	5,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	885
Master's degree	11,490
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	1,660
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	136,620
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,015
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	23,295
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	97,305
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	54,135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	22,620
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	16,635
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	5,990
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	24,770
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,750
Bachelor's degree or higher	43,165
Bachelor's degree	26,255
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,795
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	700
Master's degree	10,060
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	1,350
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	207,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	81,965
Education	7,445
13. Education	7,445
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,720
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,025
50. Visual and performing arts	4,700
Humanities	7,275
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	1,240
23. English language and literature/letters	395
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	3,400
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	35
38. Philosophy and religious studies	325
39. Theology and religious vocations	390
54. History	500
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	995
Social and behavioural sciences and law	13,435
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	205
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,460
22. Legal professions and studies	2,600
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	345
42. Psychology	1,860
45. Social sciences	3,810
Business, management and public administration	30,475
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,375
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	29,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,610
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,530
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	770
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	450
40. Physical sciences	1,560
41. Science technologies/technicians	300
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	6,965
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	6,020
25. Library science	315
27. Mathematics and statistics	520
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	100
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	25,145
04. Architecture and related services	1,155
14. Engineering	7,060
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	4,825
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	5,185
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,100
48. Precision production	2,815
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,630
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,160
03. Natural resources and conservation	470
Health and related fields	15,370
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	840
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	14,210
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	25
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	295
Personal, protective and transportation services	7,770
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	4,455
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25
43. Security and protective services	1,375
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,910
Other¹⁷⁹	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	136,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	39,315
Education	5,020
13. Education	5,020
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,480
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	790
50. Visual and performing arts	3,695
Humanities	4,780
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	935
23. English language and literature/letters	305
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,025
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	185
39. Theology and religious vocations	225
54. History	370
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	710
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10,740
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	160
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,785
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,085
22. Legal professions and studies	2,075
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	240
42. Psychology	1,390
45. Social sciences	3,000
Business, management and public administration	24,345
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,080
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	23,245
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,265
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	375
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	150
40. Physical sciences	1,180
41. Science technologies/technicians	250
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,945
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	5,300
25. Library science	210
27. Mathematics and statistics	355
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	80
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	19,690
04. Architecture and related services	940
14. Engineering	6,295
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	3,575
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	3,850
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,055
48. Precision production	1,980
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,420
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	990
03. Natural resources and conservation	430
Health and related fields	11,595
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	705
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10,630
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	25
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	235
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,060
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	3,390
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15
43. Security and protective services	1,095
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,555
Other¹⁷⁹	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	136,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,315
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	97,310
Location of study inside Canada	79,390
Same as province or territory of residence	77,610
Different than province or territory of residence	1,775
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	17,920
Americas	4,635
United States of America	530
Mexico	440
Cuba	240
Haiti	565
Jamaica	0
Brazil	560
Colombia	1,205
Peru	330
Venezuela⁹⁵	295
Other locations of study in Americas	465
Europe	5,410
Belgium	195
France	2,640
Germany	65
Netherlands	30
Switzerland	40
Hungary	15
Moldova¹⁸³	315
Poland	35
Romania	735
Russian Federation	340
Ukraine	255
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	215
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	50
Serbia⁸⁶	15
Other locations of study in Europe	440
Africa	5,310
Nigeria	65
Algeria	1,475
Morocco	1,070
Tunisia	355
Egypt	190
South Africa, Republic of	20
Other locations of study in Africa	2,135
Asia	2,510
Iran⁸⁸	290
Iraq	0
Israel	40
Lebanon	140
Syria⁸⁹	30
Turkey	10
China⁹⁰	755
Taiwan	25
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	45
Korea, South⁹²	110
Philippines	155
Viet Nam	45
Bangladesh	15
Sri Lanka	20
India	395
Pakistan	60
Other locations of study in Asia	385
Oceania	45
Australia	30
New Zealand	15
Other locations of study in Oceania	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	207,820
In the labour force	135,540
Employed	125,030
Unemployed	10,510
Not in the labour force	72,280
Participation rate	65.2
Employment rate	60.2
Unemployment rate	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	207,825
Did not work¹⁸⁶	72,585
Worked	135,240
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	71,450
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	63,790
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	135,545
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	3,225
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	132,315
Employee	119,350
Permanent position	101,580
Temporary position	17,765
Fixed term (1 year or more)	6,755
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	11,005
Self-employed¹⁹²	12,965
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	135,545
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	3,225
All occupations¹⁹¹	132,315
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	1,795
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	27,075
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	13,115
3 Health occupations	10,935
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15,385
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,785
6 Sales and service occupations	33,460
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	19,830
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	845
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,080
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	135,545
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	3,225
All industries¹⁹¹	132,315
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	330
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	210
22 Utilities	1,280
23 Construction	7,750
31-33 Manufacturing	11,635
41 Wholesale trade	4,605
44-45 Retail trade	16,750
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	7,215
51 Information and cultural industries	4,525
52 Finance and insurance	6,930
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	12,045
55 Management of companies and enterprises	235
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	6,510
61 Educational services	9,405
62 Health care and social assistance	19,315
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,155
72 Accommodation and food services	6,745
81 Other services (except public administration)	5,205
91 Public administration	7,505
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	143,715
English	6,845
French	88,475
Non-official language	440
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	440
English and French	45,165
English and non-official language(s)	385
French and non-official language(s)	705
English, French and non-official language(s)	1,680
Multiple non-official languages	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	143,715
Single responses	134,875
Official languages	134,120
English	14,900
French	119,220
Non-official languages	755
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	755
Afro-Asiatic languages	30
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	25
Amharic	0
Arabic	25
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	15
Vietnamese	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	10
Haitian Creole	10
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	420
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	40
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	35
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	15
Indo-Iranian languages	60
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	50
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	50
Dari	45
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	300
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	10
Romanian	30
Spanish	255
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	15
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	10
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	230
Chinese languages	230
Hakka	0
Mandarin	150
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	75
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	8,845
English and French	8,305
English and non-official language(s)	140
French and non-official language(s)	240
English, French and non-official language(s)	160
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	143,715
None	104,070
English	29,750
French	7,815
Non-official language	985
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	985
English and French	55
English and non-official language(s)	755
French and non-official language(s)	225
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	55
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	125,030
Worked at home	30,435
Worked outside Canada	195
No fixed workplace address	13,010
Usual place of work	81,390
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	81,390
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	33,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	16,195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	31,295
Commute to a different province or territory	90
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	94,400
Car, truck or van	72,765
Car, truck or van - as a driver	68,115
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	4,655
Public transit	14,695
Walked	4,320
Bicycle	1,305
Other method	1,315
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	94,400
Less than 15 minutes	21,755
15 to 29 minutes	37,075
30 to 44 minutes	20,810
45 to 59 minutes	8,325
60 minutes and over	6,430
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	94,400
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	7,160
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	16,430
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	25,330
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	17,690
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	11,025
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	16,765
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	50,995
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,885
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	43,110
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	36,290
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,880
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	4,635
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,245
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30,405

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 3, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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