Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sainte-Julienne, Municipalité (MÉ)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,173
Population, 2016¹	9,953
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	12.3
Total private dwellings²	4,930
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,573
Population density per square kilometre	112.4
Land area in square kilometres	99.42
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,170
0 to 14 years	2,075
0 to 4 years	715
5 to 9 years	710
10 to 14 years	655
15 to 64 years	7,240
15 to 19 years	465
20 to 24 years	440
25 to 29 years	715
30 to 34 years	840
35 to 39 years	745
40 to 44 years	700
45 to 49 years	595
50 to 54 years	760
55 to 59 years	1,025
60 to 64 years	960
65 years and over	1,860
65 to 69 years	710
70 to 74 years	525
75 to 79 years	355
80 to 84 years	165
85 years and over	100
85 to 89 years	70
90 to 94 years	25
95 to 99 years	10
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.6
15 to 64 years	64.8
65 years and over	16.7
85 years and over	0.9
Average age of the population	41.2
Median age of the population	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,570
Single-detached house	4,175
Semi-detached house	25
Row house	10
Apartment or flat in a duplex	115
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	225
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	10
Movable dwelling⁴	10
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,575
1 person	1,250
2 persons	1,730
3 persons	685
4 persons	570
5 or more persons	330
Number of persons in private households	10,905
Average household size	2.4
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,100
Married or living common-law	5,545
Married	2,500
Living common-law	3,040
Living common law - Never married	2,510
Living common law - Separated	35
Living common law - Divorced	440
Living common law - Widowed	55
Not married and not living common-law	3,550
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,500
Not married and not living common law - Separated	125
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	580
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	355
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,230
2 persons	1,825
3 persons	645
4 persons	525
5 or more persons	235
Average size of census families	2.8
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,230
Total couple families	2,700
Married couples	1,185
With children⁶	410
Without children	770
Common-law couples	1,525
With children⁶	795
Without children	725
Total one-parent families	525
in which the parent is a woman+	365
in which the parent is a man+	160
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	10,905
Total - Persons in census families	8,955
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,410
Parents in one-parent families	525
Children⁶	3,025
In a two-parent family	2,230
In a one-parent family	800
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,950
Living alone	1,255
Living with other relatives⁷	265
Living with non-relatives only	425
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,575
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,810
Couple-family households	2,430
With children⁶	1,085
Without children	1,340
One-parent-family households	380
Multigenerational households⁸	135
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	175
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	180
One-person households	1,255
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	8,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,655
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,660
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,490
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,260
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,525
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,545
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,845
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	8,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,650
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,665
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,560
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,260
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,440
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,460
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,870
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,810
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,810
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	8,840
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,800
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,735
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	8,840
Without total income	185
With total income	8,650
Under $10,000 (including loss)	570
$10,000 to $19,999	1,085
$20,000 to $29,999	1,535
$30,000 to $39,999	1,260
$40,000 to $49,999	1,220
$50,000 to $59,999	975
$60,000 to $69,999	720
$70,000 to $79,999	450
$80,000 to $89,999	315
$90,000 to $99,999	170
$100,000 and over	350
$100,000 to $149,999	295
$150,000 and over	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	8,840
Without after-tax income	180
With after-tax income	8,665
Under $10,000 (including loss)	610
$10,000 to $19,999	1,150
$20,000 to $29,999	1,815
$30,000 to $39,999	1,575
$40,000 to $49,999	1,430
$50,000 to $59,999	980
$60,000 to $69,999	515
$70,000 to $79,999	295
$80,000 to $89,999	130
$90,000 to $99,999	70
$100,000 and over	90
$100,000 to $124,999	60
$125,000 and over	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	8,840
Without employment income	2,580
With employment income	6,260
Under $5,000 (including loss)	770
$5,000 to $9,999	485
$10,000 to $19,999	800
$20,000 to $29,999	765
$30,000 to $39,999	730
$40,000 to $49,999	760
$50,000 to $59,999	585
$60,000 to $69,999	470
$70,000 to $79,999	275
$80,000 to $89,999	240
$90,000 to $99,999	120
$100,000 and over	250
$100,000 to $124,999	160
$125,000 and over	90
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	8,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,550
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,555
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,395
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,330
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,800
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,500
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	8,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,520
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,535
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,365
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,235
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,745
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,385
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,325
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	8,840
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,795
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	52,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,620
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,880
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	80.2
Employment income (%)	70.8
Government transfers (%)	19.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,575
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,255
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,320
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,570
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,500
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,700
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,255
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,700
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,320
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,800
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,100
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,575
Under $5,000	30
$5,000 to $9,999	15
$10,000 to $14,999	50
$15,000 to $19,999	80
$20,000 to $24,999	225
$25,000 to $29,999	160
$30,000 to $34,999	165
$35,000 to $39,999	205
$40,000 to $44,999	210
$45,000 to $49,999	230
$50,000 to $59,999	420
$60,000 to $69,999	365
$70,000 to $79,999	350
$80,000 to $89,999	345
$90,000 to $99,999	325
$100,000 and over	1,405
$100,000 to $124,999	590
$125,000 to $149,999	390
$150,000 to $199,999	305
$200,000 and over	120
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,575
Under $5,000	30
$5,000 to $9,999	10
$10,000 to $14,999	55
$15,000 to $19,999	90
$20,000 to $24,999	230
$25,000 to $29,999	205
$30,000 to $34,999	200
$35,000 to $39,999	245
$40,000 to $44,999	290
$45,000 to $49,999	235
$50,000 to $59,999	490
$60,000 to $69,999	435
$70,000 to $79,999	445
$80,000 to $89,999	415
$90,000 to $99,999	280
$100,000 and over	915
$100,000 to $124,999	520
$125,000 to $149,999	235
$150,000 and over	165
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,180
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,500
Average family size of economic families	2.9
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,370
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,220
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	480
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,680
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,175
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,200
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,350
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,100
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,230
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,600
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,400
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	480
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,600
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,000
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,650
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,280
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	10,900
0 to 17 years	2,365
0 to 5 years	855
18 to 64 years	6,760
65 years and over	1,780
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,145
0 to 17 years	200
0 to 5 years	70
18 to 64 years	560
65 years and over	380
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	8.5
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3
65 years and over (%)	21.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	10,905
0 to 17 years	2,360
0 to 5 years	855
18 to 64 years	6,760
65 years and over	1,780
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	230
0 to 17 years	20
0 to 5 years	5
18 to 64 years	185
65 years and over	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1
0 to 17 years (%)	0.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.7
65 years and over (%)	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	10,900
In bottom half of the distribution	7,015
In bottom decile	1,005
In second decile	1,325
In third decile	1,580
In fourth decile	1,655
In fifth decile	1,450
In top half of the distribution	3,880
In sixth decile	1,285
In seventh decile	1,010
In eighth decile	865
In ninth decile	505
In top decile	220
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	10,905
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.254
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.402
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.220
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,135
English only	45
French only	7,500
English and French	3,575
Neither English nor French	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,135
English	270
French	10,795
English and French	60
Neither English nor French	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,135
Single responses	11,005
Official languages	10,815
English	220
French	10,600
Non-official languages	185
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	15
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	15
Amharic	0
Arabic	15
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	5
Haitian Creole	5
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	140
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	15
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	5
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	5
Frisian	0
High German languages	5
German	5
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115
Catalan	0
Italian	35
Portuguese	15
Romanian	0
Spanish	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	5
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	5
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	135
English and French	100
English and non-official language(s)	5
French and non-official language(s)	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,135
English	105
French	10,460
Non-official language	40
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	40
English and French	395
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	65
English, French and non-official language(s)	55
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,135
Single responses	11,030
Official languages	10,965
English	175
French	10,790
Non-official languages	65
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	10
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	10
Amharic	0
Arabic	10
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	40
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	10
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30
Catalan	0
Italian	10
Portuguese	5
Romanian	0
Spanish	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	5
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	5
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	100
English and French	75
English and non-official language(s)	5
French and non-official language(s)	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,130
None	10,705
English	280
French	65
Non-official language	40
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	40
English and French	5
English and non-official language(s)	30
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	10,905
Official languages	10,895
English	3,605
French	10,830
Non-official languages	460
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	460
Afro-Asiatic languages	25
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	25
Amharic	0
Arabic	25
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	30
Haitian Creole	15
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	350
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	30
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	20
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	25
Frisian	0
High German languages	25
German	25
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	305
Catalan	0
Italian	50
Portuguese	15
Romanian	10
Spanish	235
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	10
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	10
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,905
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	190
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	160
First Nations (North American Indian)	70
Métis	85
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	10,710
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,905
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,875
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,575
Owner	3,825
Renter	745
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,575
Condominium	70
Not condominium	4,500
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,575
No bedrooms	0
1 bedroom	420
2 bedrooms	1,690
3 bedrooms	1,630
4 or more bedrooms	835
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,575
1 to 4 rooms	1,055
5 rooms	915
6 rooms	745
7 rooms	655
8 or more rooms	1,200
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,575
One person or fewer per room	4,540
More than one person per room	35
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,575
Suitable	4,405
Not suitable	170
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,575
1960 or before	695
1961 to 1980	1,510
1981 to 1990	440
1991 to 2000	445
2001 to 2005	225
2006 to 2010	500
2011 to 2015	385
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	380
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,575
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,250
Major repairs needed	320
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,575
One-maintainer household	2,355
Two-maintainer household	2,060
Three-or-more-maintainer household	155
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,575
15 to 24 years	75
25 to 34 years	735
35 to 44 years	800
45 to 54 years	720
55 to 64 years	1,100
65 to 74 years	745
75 to 84 years	340
85 years and over	55
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,555
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,020
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	530
30% to less than 100%	480
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,575
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	965
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	495
Not suitable only	145
Major repairs needed only	270
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	3,610
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,505
In core need	95
Not in core need	4,410
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,810
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	72.6
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.4
% in core housing need⁶³	1.6
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	990
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,037
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	267,600
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	745
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.7
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.8
% in core housing need⁶³	4.8
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	846
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	10,900
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	150
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	150
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	140
Métis single ancestry	0
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	390
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	385
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	375
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,365
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	10,900
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,840
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,395
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,440
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	65
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	10,900
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,610
Immigrants⁸¹	285
Before 1980	90
1980 to 1990	50
1991 to 2000	65
2001 to 2010	45
2011 to 2021⁸²	40
2011 to 2015	15
2016 to 2021	20
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	290
Under 5 years	35
5 to 14 years	50
15 to 24 years	65
25 to 44 years	115
45 years and over	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	290
Americas	60
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	10
Peru	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25
Europe	130
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	65
Germany	0
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	25
Netherlands	0
Poland	0
Portugal	10
Romania	15
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	40
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	10
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20
Asia	65
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	10
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	10
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20
Americas	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	10
France	10
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	0
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	10,905
First generation¹⁰⁰	320
Second generation¹⁰¹	290
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,295
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	195
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	115
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	45
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	65
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	195
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	135
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	10,905
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	225
South Asian	0
Chinese	10
Black	100
Filipino	25
Arab	20
Latin American	35
Southeast Asian	35
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,680
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	10,900
Canadian	4,345
English	100
Irish	545
Scottish	215
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,980
German	125
Chinese	20
Italian	375
Indian (India)	15
Ukrainian	40
Dutch	25
Polish	25
Québécois	2,505
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20
Filipino	0
French Canadian	800
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	305
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	240
Métis	20
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	40
Russian	20
Norwegian	0
Welsh	0
Portuguese	50
American	35
Spanish	95
Swedish	15
Hungarian	0
Acadian	295
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10
Jewish	0
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	0
Jamaican	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0
Korean	0
Romanian	15
Lebanese	25
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	110
Danish	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	30
Sikh	0
Austrian	10
Belgian	15
Haitian	70
Hindu	0
Mexican	10
Mennonite	0
Swiss	0
Finnish	0
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	60
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0
Muslim	0
Egyptian	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	0
Colombian	0
Moroccan	15
Czech	0
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	0
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	10
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	20
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	65
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	0
Australian	0
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	25
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	20
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	50
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	15
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	15
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	25
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	50
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	20
Norman	20
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	20
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	10,905
Buddhist	40
Christian	7,170
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	490
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	0
Baptist	40
Catholic	6,420
Christian Orthodox	25
Jehovah's Witness	90
Latter Day Saints	0
Lutheran	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0
Presbyterian	0
Reformed	0
United Church	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	90
Hindu	0
Jewish	0
Muslim	10
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20
No religion and secular perspectives	3,660
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	10,785
Non-movers	9,385
Movers	1,405
Non-migrants	460
Migrants	945
Internal migrants	940
Intraprovincial migrants	930
Interprovincial migrants	0
External migrants	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,195
Non-movers	5,975
Movers	4,225
Non-migrants	850
Migrants	3,375
Internal migrants	3,355
Intraprovincial migrants	3,330
Interprovincial migrants	25
External migrants	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,840
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,725
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,115
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,110
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,600
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,510
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,840
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,250
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,055
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,535
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,865
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,425
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,715
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	710
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205
Bachelor's degree or higher	665
Bachelor's degree	525
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15
Master's degree	75
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,200
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,695
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,165
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,020
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,425
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	600
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	970
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175
Bachelor's degree or higher	525
Bachelor's degree	405
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10
Master's degree	65
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,305
Education	225
13. Education	225
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	135
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20
50. Visual and performing arts	110
Humanities	160
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15
54. History	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	255
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90
22. Legal professions and studies	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	40
45. Social sciences	35
Business, management and public administration	840
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	790
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10
40. Physical sciences	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,375
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	180
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	480
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	390
48. Precision production	275
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	50
Health and related fields	595
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	575
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	640
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	280
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	110
49. Transportation and materials moving	240
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,420
Education	180
13. Education	180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20
50. Visual and performing arts	90
Humanities	95
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10
54. History	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	215
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80
22. Legal professions and studies	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	20
45. Social sciences	30
Business, management and public administration	705
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	670
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,135
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	410
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	290
48. Precision production	230
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100
03. Natural resources and conservation	45
Health and related fields	480
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	470
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	515
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	240
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	185
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,690
Location of study inside Canada	3,645
Same as province or territory of residence	3,600
Different than province or territory of residence	45
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	45
Americas	0
United States of America	0
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	15
Belgium	0
France	15
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	15
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	15
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	0
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	8,840
In the labour force	5,670
Employed	5,265
Unemployed	405
Not in the labour force	3,175
Participation rate	64.1
Employment rate	59.6
Unemployment rate	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	8,840
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,070
Worked	5,770
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,895
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,880
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,665
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,580
Employee	4,855
Permanent position	4,200
Temporary position	660
Fixed term (1 year or more)	160
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	500
Self-employed¹⁹²	725
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,665
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,580
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	85
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	765
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	210
3 Health occupations	400
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	525
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	115
6 Sales and service occupations	1,445
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,615
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	120
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	300
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,665
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All industries¹⁹¹	5,580
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15
22 Utilities	40
23 Construction	860
31-33 Manufacturing	595
41 Wholesale trade	215
44-45 Retail trade	830
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	305
51 Information and cultural industries	55
52 Finance and insurance	90
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	300
61 Educational services	225
62 Health care and social assistance	770
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60
72 Accommodation and food services	275
81 Other services (except public administration)	265
91 Public administration	265
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,120
English	70
French	5,180
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	835
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	15
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,120
Single responses	6,005
Official languages	5,995
English	175
French	5,820
Non-official languages	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	15
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	10
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	110
English and French	110
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,120
None	5,355
English	630
French	110
Non-official language	10
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	10
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,265
Worked at home	650
Worked outside Canada	20
No fixed workplace address	1,090
Usual place of work	3,505
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,505
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	775
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	565
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,165
Commute to a different province or territory	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,595
Car, truck or van	4,405
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,175
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	225
Public transit	25
Walked	80
Bicycle	15
Other method	70
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,595
Less than 15 minutes	850
15 to 29 minutes	920
30 to 44 minutes	1,335
45 to 59 minutes	725
60 minutes and over	760
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,595
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	745
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	920
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,100
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	580
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	335
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	920
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,395
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	265
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,130
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,630
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	190
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	130
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,440

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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