Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Montréal-Est, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	4,394
Population, 2016¹	3,850
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	14.1
Total private dwellings²	2,124
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,018
Population density per square kilometre	361.6
Land area in square kilometres	12.15
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	4,395
0 to 14 years	710
0 to 4 years	235
5 to 9 years	255
10 to 14 years	220
15 to 64 years	3,010
15 to 19 years	175
20 to 24 years	260
25 to 29 years	345
30 to 34 years	365
35 to 39 years	310
40 to 44 years	320
45 to 49 years	280
50 to 54 years	285
55 to 59 years	320
60 to 64 years	350
65 years and over	675
65 to 69 years	265
70 to 74 years	180
75 to 79 years	95
80 to 84 years	60
85 years and over	75
85 to 89 years	45
90 to 94 years	25
95 to 99 years	5
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2
15 to 64 years	68.5
65 years and over	15.4
85 years and over	1.7
Average age of the population	40.7
Median age of the population	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,020
Single-detached house	430
Semi-detached house	25
Row house	20
Apartment or flat in a duplex	300
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	995
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	235
Other single-attached house	15
Movable dwelling⁴	0
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,015
1 person	780
2 persons	690
3 persons	280
4 persons	170
5 or more persons	105
Number of persons in private households	4,255
Average household size	2.1
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	3,685
Married or living common-law	1,590
Married	755
Living common-law	835
Living common law - Never married	685
Living common law - Separated	10
Living common law - Divorced	125
Living common law - Widowed	20
Not married and not living common-law	2,090
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,535
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	330
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	165
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,105
2 persons	630
3 persons	245
4 persons	155
5 or more persons	75
Average size of census families	2.7
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,105
Total couple families	775
Married couples	355
With children⁶	160
Without children	200
Common-law couples	420
With children⁶	190
Without children	230
Total one-parent families	330
in which the parent is a woman+	250
in which the parent is a man+	85
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	4,255
Total - Persons in census families	3,030
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,550
Parents in one-parent families	330
Children⁶	1,145
In a two-parent family	645
In a one-parent family	500
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,230
Living alone	775
Living with other relatives⁷	160
Living with non-relatives only	290
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,020
One-census-family households without additional persons	990
Couple-family households	730
With children⁶	325
Without children	400
One-parent-family households	260
Multigenerational households⁸	35
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	60
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	150
One-person households	775
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,460
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,460
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,985
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,545
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,970
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	495
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,190
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,455
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,455
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,990
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,550
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,995
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,820
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	470
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,115
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,780
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,215
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	935
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,450
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,550
Without total income	85
With total income	3,460
Under $10,000 (including loss)	210
$10,000 to $19,999	390
$20,000 to $29,999	605
$30,000 to $39,999	560
$40,000 to $49,999	510
$50,000 to $59,999	385
$60,000 to $69,999	275
$70,000 to $79,999	185
$80,000 to $89,999	125
$90,000 to $99,999	60
$100,000 and over	155
$100,000 to $149,999	120
$150,000 and over	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,550
Without after-tax income	85
With after-tax income	3,460
Under $10,000 (including loss)	225
$10,000 to $19,999	405
$20,000 to $29,999	770
$30,000 to $39,999	680
$40,000 to $49,999	590
$50,000 to $59,999	350
$60,000 to $69,999	205
$70,000 to $79,999	110
$80,000 to $89,999	45
$90,000 to $99,999	35
$100,000 and over	50
$100,000 to $124,999	30
$125,000 and over	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,550
Without employment income	1,000
With employment income	2,545
Under $5,000 (including loss)	305
$5,000 to $9,999	200
$10,000 to $19,999	290
$20,000 to $29,999	320
$30,000 to $39,999	320
$40,000 to $49,999	270
$50,000 to $59,999	275
$60,000 to $69,999	175
$70,000 to $79,999	130
$80,000 to $89,999	80
$90,000 to $99,999	55
$100,000 and over	120
$100,000 to $124,999	70
$125,000 and over	50
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,365
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,370
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,940
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,555
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,720
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	420
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,760
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,405
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,405
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,970
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,545
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,785
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,010
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	455
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,960
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,195
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	920
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	82.2
Employment income (%)	72.4
Government transfers (%)	17.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,015
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,600
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	775
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,240
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,020
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	765
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,900
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,250
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,200
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,015
Under $5,000	20
$5,000 to $9,999	15
$10,000 to $14,999	35
$15,000 to $19,999	50
$20,000 to $24,999	125
$25,000 to $29,999	80
$30,000 to $34,999	85
$35,000 to $39,999	95
$40,000 to $44,999	110
$45,000 to $49,999	105
$50,000 to $59,999	195
$60,000 to $69,999	165
$70,000 to $79,999	160
$80,000 to $89,999	140
$90,000 to $99,999	130
$100,000 and over	510
$100,000 to $124,999	235
$125,000 to $149,999	125
$150,000 to $199,999	90
$200,000 and over	65
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,015
Under $5,000	20
$5,000 to $9,999	15
$10,000 to $14,999	35
$15,000 to $19,999	55
$20,000 to $24,999	135
$25,000 to $29,999	110
$30,000 to $34,999	110
$35,000 to $39,999	125
$40,000 to $44,999	130
$45,000 to $49,999	130
$50,000 to $59,999	205
$60,000 to $69,999	200
$70,000 to $79,999	165
$80,000 to $89,999	145
$90,000 to $99,999	120
$100,000 and over	315
$100,000 to $124,999	175
$125,000 to $149,999	70
$150,000 and over	75
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,130
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,500
Average family size of economic families	2.8
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	405
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	360
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	315
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,065
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,155
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,600
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,200
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	430
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,200
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,600
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	335
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,400
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,200
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	335
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,400
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,800
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,040
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	4,255
0 to 17 years	810
0 to 5 years	275
18 to 64 years	2,855
65 years and over	590
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	675
0 to 17 years	170
0 to 5 years	70
18 to 64 years	375
65 years and over	130
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.9
0 to 17 years (%)	21.0
0 to 5 years (%)	24.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2
65 years and over (%)	22.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	4,255
0 to 17 years	815
0 to 5 years	275
18 to 64 years	2,850
65 years and over	590
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	380
0 to 17 years	80
0 to 5 years	25
18 to 64 years	255
65 years and over	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.9
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.9
65 years and over (%)	8.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	4,255
In bottom half of the distribution	2,870
In bottom decile	600
In second decile	585
In third decile	590
In fourth decile	600
In fifth decile	495
In top half of the distribution	1,385
In sixth decile	445
In seventh decile	365
In eighth decile	265
In ninth decile	175
In top decile	135
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	4,255
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.290
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.444
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.254
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	4,260
English only	55
French only	2,405
English and French	1,775
Neither English nor French	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	4,260
English	255
French	3,870
English and French	110
Neither English nor French	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	4,260
Single responses	4,080
Official languages	3,640
English	180
French	3,460
Non-official languages	435
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	435
Afro-Asiatic languages	65
Berber languages	15
Kabyle	10
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	5
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	50
Amharic	0
Arabic	50
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	5
Vietnamese	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	5
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	75
Haitian Creole	45
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	220
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	10
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	5
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	5
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	5
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	195
Catalan	0
Italian	30
Portuguese	15
Romanian	10
Spanish	140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	45
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	5
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	15
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	5
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	5
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5
Chinese languages	5
Hakka	0
Mandarin	5
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	5
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	180
English and French	75
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	80
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	4,260
English	125
French	3,320
Non-official language	100
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	100
English and French	280
English and non-official language(s)	30
French and non-official language(s)	270
English, French and non-official language(s)	130
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	4,260
Single responses	4,090
Official languages	3,895
English	215
French	3,685
Non-official languages	195
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	195
Afro-Asiatic languages	35
Berber languages	5
Kabyle	5
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	25
Amharic	0
Arabic	25
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	20
Haitian Creole	20
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	110
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	5
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100
Catalan	0
Italian	10
Portuguese	0
Romanian	5
Spanish	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	10
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	5
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5
Chinese languages	5
Hakka	0
Mandarin	5
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	170
English and French	75
English and non-official language(s)	5
French and non-official language(s)	75
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	4,260
None	3,680
English	180
French	115
Non-official language	175
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	175
English and French	15
English and non-official language(s)	60
French and non-official language(s)	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	4,255
Official languages	4,255
English	1,845
French	4,210
Non-official languages	785
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	785
Afro-Asiatic languages	110
Berber languages	45
Kabyle	40
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	100
Amharic	0
Arabic	100
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	10
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	240
Haitian Creole	215
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	80
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	325
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	15
Frisian	0
High German languages	15
German	15
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	315
Catalan	0
Italian	40
Portuguese	35
Romanian	0
Spanish	270
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	105
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	30
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	25
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15
Chinese languages	15
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,260
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	90
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	90
First Nations (North American Indian)	40
Métis	50
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,170
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,260
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,245
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,020
Owner	755
Renter	1,260
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,020
Condominium	340
Not condominium	1,680
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,020
No bedrooms	10
1 bedroom	395
2 bedrooms	905
3 bedrooms	545
4 or more bedrooms	160
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,020
1 to 4 rooms	1,065
5 rooms	485
6 rooms	180
7 rooms	100
8 or more rooms	180
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,020
One person or fewer per room	2,005
More than one person per room	10
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,020
Suitable	1,890
Not suitable	130
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,020
1960 or before	940
1961 to 1980	340
1981 to 1990	190
1991 to 2000	100
2001 to 2005	95
2006 to 2010	50
2011 to 2015	75
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	235
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,020
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,790
Major repairs needed	230
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,020
One-maintainer household	1,230
Two-maintainer household	720
Three-or-more-maintainer household	75
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,020
15 to 24 years	90
25 to 34 years	345
35 to 44 years	395
45 to 54 years	340
55 to 64 years	445
65 to 74 years	260
75 to 84 years	110
85 years and over	40
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,005
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,630
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	380
30% to less than 100%	350
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,020
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	665
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	335
Not suitable only	90
Major repairs needed only	160
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	1,355
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,980
In core need	225
Not in core need	1,755
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	760
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	69.7
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.1
% in core housing need⁶³	2.0
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,250
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,246
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	363,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,260
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.5
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.1
% in core housing need⁶³	16.5
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	4,255
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	70
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	70
Métis single ancestry	0
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	125
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	120
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,060
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	4,255
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,975
Canadian citizens aged under 18	715
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,260
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	280
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	4,255
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,630
Immigrants⁸¹	515
Before 1980	50
1980 to 1990	90
1991 to 2000	65
2001 to 2010	105
2011 to 2021⁸²	210
2011 to 2015	90
2016 to 2021	120
Non-permanent residents⁸³	110
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	520
Under 5 years	65
5 to 14 years	115
15 to 24 years	80
25 to 44 years	225
45 years and over	30
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	520
Americas	270
Brazil	0
Colombia	15
El Salvador	25
Guyana	0
Haiti	125
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	35
Other places of birth in Americas	65
Europe	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	20
Germany	0
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	0
Poland	0
Portugal	10
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10
Africa	175
Algeria	45
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	40
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70
Asia	25
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	10
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	125
Americas	60
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	10
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	25
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25
Europe	0
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	50
Algeria	25
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10
Asia	0
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	4,260
First generation¹⁰⁰	650
Second generation¹⁰¹	450
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,160
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	470
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	145
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	75
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	205
Refugees¹⁰⁸	85
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	40
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	470
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	65
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	325
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	4,260
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	805
South Asian	10
Chinese	15
Black	520
Filipino	35
Arab	80
Latin American	125
Southeast Asian	10
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,445
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	4,255
Canadian	1,420
English	55
Irish	130
Scottish	55
French, n.o.s.¹²²	620
German	15
Chinese	15
Italian	125
Indian (India)	10
Ukrainian	0
Dutch	0
Polish	25
Québécois	720
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15
Filipino	35
French Canadian	495
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	105
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	80
Métis	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10
Russian	0
Norwegian	0
Welsh	0
Portuguese	20
American	15
Spanish	85
Swedish	0
Hungarian	0
Acadian	45
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	165
Jewish	0
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	60
Greek	10
Jamaican	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0
Korean	0
Romanian	0
Lebanese	15
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0
Danish	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25
Sikh	0
Austrian	0
Belgian	10
Haitian	295
Hindu	0
Mexican	0
Mennonite	0
Swiss	0
Finnish	0
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40
Tamil	0
Icelandic	0
Colombian	0
Moroccan	25
Czech	0
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	0
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	0
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	25
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	10
African Caribbean	25
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	10
South African	0
Australian	0
Palestinian	0
Chilean	10
Congolese	15
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	10
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	45
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	15
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	35
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	4,260
Buddhist	0
Christian	2,690
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	365
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	0
Baptist	0
Catholic	2,230
Christian Orthodox	0
Jehovah's Witness	0
Latter Day Saints	0
Lutheran	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0
Presbyterian	0
Reformed	0
United Church	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	85
Hindu	0
Jewish	0
Muslim	160
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25
No religion and secular perspectives	1,375
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	4,205
Non-movers	3,545
Movers	660
Non-migrants	440
Migrants	220
Internal migrants	215
Intraprovincial migrants	200
Interprovincial migrants	15
External migrants	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,025
Non-movers	1,845
Movers	2,185
Non-migrants	370
Migrants	1,810
Internal migrants	1,650
Intraprovincial migrants	1,600
Interprovincial migrants	55
External migrants	160
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,550
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,015
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,535
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,540
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	645
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,895
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,545
No certificate, diploma or degree	875
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,810
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	735
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	565
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	170
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	585
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120
Bachelor's degree or higher	370
Bachelor's degree	225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0
Master's degree	80
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,545
No certificate, diploma or degree	530
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,520
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,200
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	625
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	485
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	480
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95
Bachelor's degree or higher	320
Bachelor's degree	200
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0
Master's degree	80
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,545
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,740
Education	75
13. Education	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	65
Humanities	55
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40
22. Legal professions and studies	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15
42. Psychology	0
45. Social sciences	40
Business, management and public administration	400
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	380
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	435
04. Architecture and related services	0
14. Engineering	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	145
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110
48. Precision production	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	0
Health and related fields	235
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	235
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	230
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	70
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,020
Education	70
13. Education	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55
Humanities	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40
22. Legal professions and studies	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	0
45. Social sciences	30
Business, management and public administration	325
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	310
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	360
04. Architecture and related services	0
14. Engineering	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	120
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105
48. Precision production	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	0
Health and related fields	205
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	205
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	205
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	100
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	60
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,520
Location of study inside Canada	1,335
Same as province or territory of residence	1,325
Different than province or territory of residence	10
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	185
Americas	70
United States of America	15
Mexico	0
Cuba	15
Haiti	20
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	45
Belgium	0
France	35
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	55
Nigeria	0
Algeria	25
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	20
Asia	15
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	10
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	0
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,545
In the labour force	2,290
Employed	2,095
Unemployed	195
Not in the labour force	1,255
Participation rate	64.6
Employment rate	59.1
Unemployment rate	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,545
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,295
Worked	2,250
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,230
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,015
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,290
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,260
Employee	2,090
Permanent position	1,815
Temporary position	270
Fixed term (1 year or more)	110
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	165
Self-employed¹⁹²	175
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,290
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,260
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	430
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	110
3 Health occupations	170
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	185
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30
6 Sales and service occupations	620
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	480
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	155
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,290
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35
All industries¹⁹¹	2,260
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0
22 Utilities	10
23 Construction	165
31-33 Manufacturing	250
41 Wholesale trade	125
44-45 Retail trade	245
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	165
51 Information and cultural industries	15
52 Finance and insurance	115
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	110
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	160
61 Educational services	130
62 Health care and social assistance	320
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20
72 Accommodation and food services	135
81 Other services (except public administration)	110
91 Public administration	140
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,445
English	40
French	1,865
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	515
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,445
Single responses	2,325
Official languages	2,320
English	95
French	2,230
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	125
English and French	115
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,445
None	2,015
English	355
French	60
Non-official language	10
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	10
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,095
Worked at home	285
Worked outside Canada	0
No fixed workplace address	270
Usual place of work	1,540
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,535
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	150
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	175
Commute to a different province or territory	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,810
Car, truck or van	1,435
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,335
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	100
Public transit	265
Walked	85
Bicycle	20
Other method	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,810
Less than 15 minutes	400
15 to 29 minutes	635
30 to 44 minutes	410
45 to 59 minutes	210
60 minutes and over	150
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,810
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	200
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	425
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	460
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	235
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	175
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	310
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	825
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	730
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	575
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	505

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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