Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Pointe-Claire, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision] Remove			24663171More information: Quebec [Dissemination area] Remove
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	33,488	...	...	593	...	...
Population, 2016¹	31,380	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.7	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	13,823	...	...	344	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	13,313	...	...	329	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,770.9	...	...	16,657.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18.91	...	...	0.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	33,485	15,790	17,700	595	290	305
0 to 14 years	4,885	2,580	2,305	80	40	40
0 to 4 years	1,285	680	605	15	10	5
5 to 9 years	1,730	900	830	25	10	10
10 to 14 years	1,870	1,005	865	40	15	20
15 to 64 years	19,295	9,390	9,905	350	175	170
15 to 19 years	1,875	940	935	30	10	20
20 to 24 years	1,685	925	760	30	15	20
25 to 29 years	1,395	745	655	40	20	15
30 to 34 years	1,435	695	740	35	20	15
35 to 39 years	1,775	870	910	20	10	5
40 to 44 years	2,070	920	1,140	50	20	25
45 to 49 years	2,000	950	1,050	45	20	25
50 to 54 years	2,125	990	1,140	30	20	10
55 to 59 years	2,505	1,225	1,280	35	20	15
60 to 64 years	2,430	1,130	1,295	30	15	20
65 years and over	9,310	3,820	5,490	170	70	95
65 to 69 years	2,105	960	1,145	35	25	15
70 to 74 years	1,955	875	1,085	40	20	25
75 to 79 years	1,535	660	870	40	10	25
80 to 84 years	1,220	430	790	25	15	15
85 years and over	2,490	895	1,600	25	10	15
85 to 89 years	1,300	305	995	20	10	10
90 to 94 years	1,020	550	460	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	150	35	120	5	0	5
100 years and over	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	16.3	13.0	13.4	13.8	13.1
15 to 64 years	57.6	59.5	56.0	58.8	60.3	55.7
65 years and over	27.8	24.2	31.0	28.6	24.1	31.1
85 years and over	7.4	5.7	9.0	4.2	3.4	4.9
Average age of the population	47.2	44.8	49.3	46.5	45.2	47.6
Median age of the population	49.2	46.0	51.6	46.4	46.8	46.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	13,310	...	...	330	...	...
Single-detached house	6,645	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	910	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	1,350	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	110	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,515	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,780	...	...	270	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	13,315	...	...	330	...	...
1 person	4,080	...	...	180	...	...
2 persons	4,285	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	2,030	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	2,085	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	830	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	31,560	15,180	16,380	595	290	305
Average household size	2.4	...	...	1.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	28,605	13,205	15,395	510	250	265
Married or living common-law	15,820	7,855	7,965	190	90	100
Married	13,260	6,585	6,675	155	70	85
Living common-law	2,560	1,265	1,290	35	20	20
Living common law - Never married	1,810	895	915	25	10	10
Living common law - Separated	40	20	20	0	0	0
Living common law - Divorced	650	325	330	10	5	5
Living common law - Widowed	60	30	35	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	12,785	5,355	7,430	320	160	165
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,030	3,665	3,365	175	100	75
Not married and not living common law - Separated	505	230	275	20	10	10
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,205	845	1,360	75	30	40
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,050	615	2,435	50	20	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	9,105	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	4,350	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	2,015	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	2,085	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	645	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	9,100	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	7,725	...	...	90	...	...
Married couples	6,445	...	...	70	...	...
With children⁶	3,615	...	...	30	...	...
Without children	2,835	...	...	40	...	...
Common-law couples	1,280	...	...	15	...	...
With children⁶	595	...	...	10	...	...
Without children	685	...	...	10	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,380	...	...	55	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,075	...	...	40	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	305	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	31,560	15,180	16,380	590	290	305
Total - Persons in census families	26,525	13,190	13,335	385	175	210
Married spouses or common-law partners	15,450	7,690	7,760	175	90	90
Parents in one-parent families	1,375	305	1,075	55	15	45
Children⁶	9,700	5,195	4,500	155	75	75
In a two-parent family	7,605	4,085	3,515	75	40	35
In a one-parent family	2,090	1,105	985	80	35	45
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,035	1,985	3,045	210	110	95
Living alone	4,080	1,535	2,540	175	95	80
Living with other relatives⁷	515	185	330	10	0	0
Living with non-relatives only	445	265	180	25	20	10
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	13,315	...	...	325	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	8,520	...	...	130	...	...
Couple-family households	7,290	...	...	85	...	...
With children⁶	3,965	...	...	40	...	...
Without children	3,325	...	...	45	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,230	...	...	50	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	245	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	185	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	260	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	4,080	...	...	180	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	26,675	12,600	14,080	515	245	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,665	12,115	13,545	495	240	255
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	49,200	41,200	38,800	40,000	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,675	12,125	13,555	495	240	255
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	42,400	36,400	35,200	35,600	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,670	11,270	12,400	440	220	225
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,400	31,400	29,000	30,800	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,135	9,165	8,960	325	165	160
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	44,800	36,000	30,000	33,200	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,070	8,665	11,405	430	195	230
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	11,200	12,600	14,100	14,700	13,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,025	865	1,160	50	30	20
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	5,480	6,000	5,920	5,960	x
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,905	3,510	3,405	145	75	65
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,500	12,000	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	26,680	12,600	14,080	535	250	285
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,660	12,135	13,520	510	240	270
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,300	69,200	56,050	47,400	48,000	47,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,665	12,140	13,525	510	240	270
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,040	52,300	46,120	39,400	40,400	38,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,760	11,295	12,465	470	220	250
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,900	65,400	49,200	38,800	38,400	39,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,130	9,120	9,015	320	155	165
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,950	63,650	48,160	43,600	43,000	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,885	8,595	11,285	440	200	245
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,350	11,790	12,780	13,450	14,800	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,045	890	1,155	50	35	25
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,770	6,280	8,920	5,800	6,000	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,830	3,535	3,295	125	50	80
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,710	8,470	8,960	8,000	10,800	6,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	26,675	12,595	14,080	535	250	285
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,905	4,750	4,155	155	80	75
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,000	80,000	66,000	54,800	65,000	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	89,500	99,200	78,400	59,000	63,000	54,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,980	3,180	3,795	115	50	65
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,500	15,900	15,300	18,800	29,400	18,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,760	29,680	24,300	32,500	28,000	36,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.6	88.0	81.0	75.5	74.0	76.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	63.5	69.0	57.3	57.0	58.0	57.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.4	12.1	19.0	24.6	25.6	23.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.4	1.3	1.6	0.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.2	3.9	4.6	5.0	5.5	4.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	3.6	3.9	4.2	4.8	3.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	26,675	12,595	14,080	510	250	265
Without total income	1,010	480	530	25	10	10
With total income	25,665	12,120	13,550	490	235	255
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,210	990	1,220	30	10	25
$10,000 to $19,999	2,785	1,200	1,585	60	30	25
$20,000 to $29,999	3,665	1,530	2,140	80	35	45
$30,000 to $39,999	2,885	1,235	1,645	90	45	40
$40,000 to $49,999	2,670	1,185	1,485	65	30	40
$50,000 to $59,999	2,245	960	1,290	45	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	1,800	805	995	40	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,450	710	740	20	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,290	660	625	20	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	965	490	470	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	3,700	2,355	1,345	30	15	20
$100,000 to $149,999	2,315	1,380	935	25	5	15
$150,000 and over	1,385	975	415	10	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	26,675	12,595	14,080	510	250	265
Without after-tax income	1,000	470	525	25	10	10
With after-tax income	25,675	12,125	13,550	490	235	255
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,370	1,030	1,335	30	10	25
$10,000 to $19,999	3,000	1,295	1,705	65	35	35
$20,000 to $29,999	4,210	1,800	2,410	100	45	60
$30,000 to $39,999	3,625	1,570	2,055	105	55	55
$40,000 to $49,999	3,175	1,420	1,750	65	35	35
$50,000 to $59,999	2,530	1,150	1,375	35	20	15
$60,000 to $69,999	1,900	950	950	30	20	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,425	715	705	20	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	970	535	435	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	635	390	245	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,830	1,255	570	20	5	10
$100,000 to $124,999	915	600	315	10	5	10
$125,000 and over	915	655	255	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	26,675	12,595	14,080	510	250	265
Without employment income	8,545	3,430	5,115	190	85	105
With employment income	18,130	9,170	8,965	325	165	155
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,050	1,530	1,520	40	25	20
$5,000 to $9,999	1,420	640	780	35	20	15
$10,000 to $19,999	1,875	880	1,000	50	20	35
$20,000 to $29,999	1,380	640	740	35	15	25
$30,000 to $39,999	1,275	585	690	25	15	10
$40,000 to $49,999	1,360	575	780	35	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	1,240	555	685	25	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	1,090	525	560	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	960	485	475	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	970	505	465	15	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	675	370	310	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	2,835	1,885	950	20	10	10
$100,000 to $124,999	1,150	710	445	10	5	5
$125,000 and over	1,680	1,180	505	15	5	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	26,675	12,600	14,080	515	245	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	25,065	11,805	13,265	480	235	250
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	49,600	40,000	34,400	36,800	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	25,085	11,805	13,270	480	235	250
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,000	35,200	31,600	33,200	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,395	11,125	12,270	435	220	215
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	46,400	32,800	29,600	30,600	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,145	9,125	9,015	330	175	155
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	47,200	37,200	31,000	32,400	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,100	7,595	10,515	395	180	210
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,850	4,600	9,000	8,900	4,240	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,465	640	825	25	10	15
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,560	4,320	7,200	4,320	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	26,680	12,600	14,080	535	250	285
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25,065	11,800	13,260	505	240	265
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,300	69,300	50,400	46,200	46,400	46,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25,085	11,805	13,275	505	240	265
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,080	52,350	40,520	37,800	39,200	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,370	11,125	12,245	465	230	235
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,500	67,800	46,200	41,000	38,800	42,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,010	9,035	8,975	350	175	175
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,150	65,600	48,600	44,000	43,200	44,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,960	7,495	10,465	405	195	215
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,280	8,520	9,830	10,680	10,900	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,335	560	775	0	0	0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,040	6,440	10,920	...	...	...
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	26,675	12,595	14,080	535	250	285
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,800	4,695	4,100	165	90	75
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,500	78,000	60,400	51,600	53,200	45,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	85,200	96,500	72,200	54,000	57,000	50,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,555	3,020	3,530	125	55	65
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,200	23,800	21,400	25,200	27,200	8,100
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,040	37,160	31,400	38,500	34,000	42,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.8	92.2	84.6	81.0	80.0	82.0
Employment income (%)	69.2	72.4	65.2	65.0	67.0	63.0
Government transfers (%)	11.2	7.8	15.4	18.6	19.2	18.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.4	1.3	x	x	...
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	13,315	...	...	330	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	57,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	48,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,080	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,200	...	...	40,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	9,235	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	13,315	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	68,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,500	...	...	57,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,110	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,300	...	...	45,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,200	...	...	38,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	9,205	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	146,800	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,200	...	...	77,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	13,315	...	...	330	...	...
Under $5,000	135	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	505	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	415	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	405	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	435	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	485	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	455	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	880	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	800	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	825	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	805	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	750	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,100	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,525	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,240	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,645	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,690	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	13,315	...	...	330	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	560	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	500	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	495	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	595	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	585	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	530	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,045	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,045	...	...	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	975	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	915	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	820	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,735	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,695	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,170	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,875	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,080	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,350	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,220	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,325	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,525	1,805	2,715	200	110	90
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	44,800	43,200	39,200	39,200	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	38,800	38,400	34,400	36,400	33,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,070	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	147,200	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,500	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,335	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	122,300	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,230	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	175,200	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,800	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,310	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	124,600	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	108,800	...	...	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,525	1,875	2,650	200	105	90
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	58,100	62,700	54,800	44,800	49,000	41,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,560	48,520	45,160	37,600	41,000	33,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	31,560	15,175	16,385	595	290	300
0 to 17 years	6,025	3,155	2,875	95	50	45
0 to 5 years	1,645	875	775	15	15	5
18 to 64 years	18,095	8,800	9,295	325	165	160
65 years and over	7,435	3,225	4,210	170	70	95
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,565	1,130	1,435	90	50	40
0 to 17 years	460	245	220	20	10	5
0 to 5 years	95	40	50	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	1,205	580	625	45	25	15
65 years and over	900	310	595	30	10	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.1	7.4	8.8	15.0	16.5	14.0
0 to 17 years (%)	7.6	7.8	7.6	18.0	28.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.7	4.6	6.8	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.6	6.8	12.4	15.0	10.0
65 years and over (%)	12.1	9.6	14.1	18.0	14.0	22.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	31,560	15,180	16,380	590	290	305
0 to 17 years	6,025	3,155	2,875	100	50	50
0 to 5 years	1,650	875	775	15	15	5
18 to 64 years	18,100	8,800	9,295	325	165	160
65 years and over	7,435	3,225	4,210	165	75	95
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,495	715	785	60	35	25
0 to 17 years	285	155	125	20	15	5
0 to 5 years	50	25	30	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	835	425	410	35	25	15
65 years and over	375	125	245	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	4.7	4.8	10.8	12.0	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.7	4.9	4.5	16.0	24.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	2.8	3.6	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.9	4.4	10.0	13.0	8.0
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.0	5.9	8.0	5.0	10.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	31,560	15,175	16,385	595	290	305
In bottom half of the distribution	13,450	6,195	7,260	365	180	185
In bottom decile	2,220	1,020	1,200	80	45	40
In second decile	2,250	995	1,250	100	55	45
In third decile	2,750	1,235	1,520	70	25	45
In fourth decile	3,080	1,445	1,635	75	35	35
In fifth decile	3,150	1,490	1,660	40	15	25
In top half of the distribution	18,110	8,985	9,125	230	110	120
In sixth decile	3,410	1,625	1,790	90	40	45
In seventh decile	3,645	1,815	1,830	65	35	35
In eighth decile	3,560	1,760	1,800	50	25	25
In ninth decile	3,795	1,890	1,905	10	5	5
In top decile	3,700	1,900	1,805	10	5	5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	31,560	...	...	590	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.352	...	...	0.298	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.450	...	...	0.442	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.297	...	...	0.258	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	33,005	15,640	17,370	590	290	305
English only	8,555	4,075	4,475	185	95	85
French only	1,100	445	655	15	5	10
English and French	22,810	10,890	11,920	380	185	200
Neither English nor French	540	220	315	10	0	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	33,005	15,640	17,370	590	290	305
English	22,135	10,595	11,535	405	205	200
French	7,765	3,560	4,200	120	55	60
English and French	2,585	1,260	1,325	65	25	40
Neither English nor French	525	215	310	10	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	33,005	15,640	17,370	590	290	305
Single responses	30,915	14,580	16,330	550	270	275
Official languages	22,350	10,605	11,740	380	195	190
English	15,595	7,500	8,095	275	140	140
French	6,750	3,105	3,650	105	55	55
Non-official languages	8,565	3,975	4,590	165	80	85
Indigenous languages³⁹	40	15	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	8,525	3,965	4,560	165	80	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	625	325	305	25	15	10
Berber languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	585	300	285	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	555	290	270	25	10	10
Aramaic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	15	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	35	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	330	125	210	0	0	0
Bikol	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	280	105	170	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	5	5	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	40	25	20	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	15	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	115	50	65	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	70	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,730	2,200	2,530	60	30	30
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	920	415	510	15	5	10
Baltic languages	30	5	25	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	885	405	480	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	295	135	160	0	0	0
Russian	285	135	145	0	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Serbian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	25	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	455	180	275	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	350	135	215	5	5	0
German	335	125	210	5	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	70	30	40	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	215	105	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	960	490	470	10	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	590	315	275	10	5	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	205	95	110	0	0	0
Hindi	85	45	40	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Odia	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	80	55	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	95	55	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	370	175	195	5	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	365	175	190	5	5	0
Dari	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	310	150	165	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	50	20	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,060	950	1,110	30	10	20
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	760	355	405	5	5	0
Portuguese	225	100	125	10	5	5
Romanian	340	160	180	5	0	0
Spanish	735	330	405	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	15	35	0	0	0
Korean	210	95	115	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,970	910	1,060	40	25	20
Chinese languages	1,970	910	1,060	40	25	20
Hakka	15	5	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,615	755	860	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	290	125	165	0	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	105	45	55	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	80	35	40	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	105	55	55	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,090	1,055	1,035	45	20	25
English and French	1,085	560	525	25	5	15
English and non-official language(s)	585	285	295	20	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	160	85	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	180	90	90	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	80	35	45	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	33,005	15,640	17,370	590	290	305
English	16,620	7,910	8,710	295	150	145
French	4,145	1,915	2,235	45	20	25
Non-official language	2,745	1,295	1,450	60	30	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	2,740	1,295	1,450	60	30	35
English and French	3,990	1,945	2,040	75	40	35
English and non-official language(s)	2,935	1,385	1,545	60	25	35
French and non-official language(s)	515	225	290	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	1,930	905	1,025	55	25	30
Multiple non-official languages	120	55	70	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	33,005	15,640	17,370	590	290	305
Single responses	30,855	14,605	16,245	535	265	275
Official languages	26,195	12,380	13,810	435	215	220
English	20,705	9,865	10,845	370	185	185
French	5,485	2,520	2,970	70	25	40
Non-official languages	4,660	2,230	2,430	100	50	50
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,655	2,220	2,430	100	50	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	145	145	10	5	0
Berber languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	280	140	135	10	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	270	135	135	10	5	0
Aramaic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	70	85	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	65	75	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	50	20	30	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,170	1,055	1,120	25	15	15
Albanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	465	235	225	5	5	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	460	235	225	5	5	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	135	65	65	0	0	0
Russian	215	115	100	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	15	15	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	650	325	325	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	370	190	180	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	120	55	65	0	0	0
Hindi	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	55	40	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	65	35	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	280	135	145	0	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	275	135	145	0	5	0
Dari	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	235	115	125	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	905	430	480	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	125	60	70	0	0	0
Portuguese	115	55	60	10	5	5
Romanian	215	105	110	0	0	0
Spanish	445	205	240	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	10	0	0	0
Korean	155	70	90	20	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,555	735	820	40	20	20
Chinese languages	1,555	735	820	40	20	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,365	650	715	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	160	70	85	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	35	40	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	60	30	35	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,150	1,030	1,125	60	20	35
English and French	980	480	495	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	755	355	405	20	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	145	65	80	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	240	115	125	15	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	33,005	15,640	17,370	590	290	305
None	25,170	11,915	13,260	440	220	220
English	1,995	945	1,050	35	15	20
French	2,550	1,275	1,275	55	25	25
Non-official language	1,715	770	945	40	15	25
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,700	765	940	40	15	25
English and French	470	225	245	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	275	140	135	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	655	275	375	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	31,560	15,180	16,385	620	275	345
Official languages	31,010	14,970	16,040	610	275	335
English	29,865	14,495	15,370	610	275	335
French	23,295	11,140	12,155	385	170	220
Non-official languages	11,795	5,620	6,175	195	70	125
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	0	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	11,770	5,615	6,155	195	70	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,165	605	565	30	10	25
Berber languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,145	590	555	30	10	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,015	525	490	30	10	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	145	70	70	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	50	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	45	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	390	160	240	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	365	145	225	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	180	95	85	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	75	45	30	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	100	45	55	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	125	55	70	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	75	30	50	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,330	3,485	3,845	125	55	70
Albanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	125	55	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,225	570	660	10	0	0
Baltic languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,180	550	630	10	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	440	185	255	0	0	0
Russian	475	250	225	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Serbian	70	40	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	140	60	80	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	760	350	415	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	630	285	345	10	10	0
German	620	285	335	10	10	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	130	65	65	0	0	0
Afrikaans	35	15	15	0	0	0
Dutch	90	40	50	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	140	200	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,555	810	745	40	10	30
Indo-Aryan languages	1,050	570	480	30	0	20
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	100	50	50	0	0	0
Gujarati	315	150	165	0	0	0
Hindi	455	235	220	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	315	210	105	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Urdu	190	105	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	510	245	265	10	0	10
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	510	245	265	10	0	10
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	425	200	225	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	65	30	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,640	1,725	1,915	70	35	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,340	635	705	25	20	10
Portuguese	285	170	120	0	0	0
Romanian	350	185	165	0	0	0
Spanish	1,950	885	1,070	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	115	65	50	0	0	0
Korean	200	95	105	15	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	120	65	50	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	10	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,190	1,060	1,130	25	10	20
Chinese languages	2,190	1,060	1,130	25	10	20
Hakka	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,950	955	995	25	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	385	175	215	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	20	0	0	0
Lao	15	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	155	70	85	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	140	65	80	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	135	80	60	0	0	0
Estonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	115	65	55	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	31,560	15,180	16,380	620	275	345
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	340	160	180	10	10	0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	325	150	175	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	175	85	90	10	10	0
Métis	95	45	50	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	50	20	25	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	31,215	15,015	16,200	610	265	345
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	31,560	15,180	16,380	620	275	345
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	95	30	60	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,465	15,145	16,320	620	275	345
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
Owner	9,220	...	...	0	...	...
Renter	4,095	...	...	355	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
Condominium	1,820	...	...	20	...	...
Not condominium	11,490	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,640	...	...	165	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,955	...	...	70	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,205	...	...	100	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,415	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,620	...	...	235	...	...
5 rooms	1,855	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	1,715	...	...	30	...	...
7 rooms	1,835	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,285	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,170	...	...	345	...	...
More than one person per room	145	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
Suitable	12,865	...	...	330	...	...
Not suitable	450	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
1960 or before	4,835	...	...	30	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,415	...	...	285	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,905	...	...	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	875	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	490	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	340	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2015	335	...	...	0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,115	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	12,550	...	...	340	...	...
Major repairs needed	765	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,000	...	...	255	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,985	...	...	90	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	325	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
15 to 24 years	110	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	980	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,990	...	...	30	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,265	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,015	...	...	70	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,415	...	...	85	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,765	...	...	75	...	...
85 years and over	765	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	13,265	...	...	350	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,585	...	...	200	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,685	...	...	145	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,395	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	13,310	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,655	...	...	165	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,485	...	...	130	...	...
Not suitable only	335	...	...	20	...	...
Major repairs needed only	590	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	70	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	125	...	...	10	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,660	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	12,980	...	...	335	...	...
In core need	645	...	...	30	...	...
Not in core need	12,335	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,220	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.8	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.0	...	...	...	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.8	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,406	...	...	...	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	628,000	...	...	...	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,090	...	...	355	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	43.4	...	...	43.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.3	...	...	9.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,340	...	...	1,410	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,386	...	...	1,440	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	31,560	15,175	16,380	620	275	345
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	110	40	65	0	0	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	85	30	55	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	50	15	35	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	25	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	25	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	25	10	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	445	230	210	20	20	0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	435	230	210	20	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	350	195	155	15	15	0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	85	35	50	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	31,005	14,905	16,105	600	255	345
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	31,560	15,180	16,385	625	275	345
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	28,925	13,920	15,000	545	245	300
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,500	2,865	2,635	85	20	60
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	23,425	11,060	12,370	460	225	235
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	2,635	1,260	1,380	75	30	45
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	31,560	15,180	16,385	625	275	345
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	22,270	10,730	11,535	435	195	245
Immigrants⁸¹	8,515	4,050	4,465	135	65	75
Before 1980	2,105	1,015	1,085	55	40	20
1980 to 1990	1,095	530	570	15	0	10
1991 to 2000	1,275	595	675	15	10	0
2001 to 2010	1,980	915	1,055	30	0	25
2011 to 2021⁸²	2,055	990	1,065	25	10	15
2011 to 2015	1,005	500	505	20	10	15
2016 to 2021	1,050	490	565	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	780	400	385	45	15	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	8,510	4,050	4,460	135	60	75
Under 5 years	850	425	425	20	0	10
5 to 14 years	1,385	720	665	20	20	0
15 to 24 years	1,350	585	760	25	15	10
25 to 44 years	4,120	1,950	2,170	65	20	45
45 years and over	810	370	445	15	0	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	8,510	4,050	4,460	135	60	75
Americas	1,215	515	705	45	20	25
Brazil	65	20	40	0	0	0
Colombia	85	25	60	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	50	30	20	0	0	0
Haiti	30	20	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	10	30	0	0	0
Mexico	175	75	95	0	0	0
Peru	60	25	35	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	40	10	35	0	0	0
United States of America	310	135	170	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	340	155	185	0	0	0
Europe	2,785	1,370	1,415	30	30	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	25	15	10	0	0	0
France	325	185	135	0	0	0
Germany	180	80	105	0	0	0
Greece	70	25	40	0	0	0
Hungary	70	30	35	0	0	0
Italy	230	125	100	10	10	0
Netherlands	50	30	25	0	0	0
Poland	245	110	130	0	0	0
Portugal	75	40	35	0	0	0
Romania	250	115	130	0	0	0
Russian Federation	115	40	80	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	40	20	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	70	25	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	590	280	305	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	445	230	210	0	0	0
Africa	760	390	370	20	0	15
Algeria	70	35	35	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	255	130	125	15	0	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	165	80	80	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	230	120	105	0	0	0
Asia	3,740	1,770	1,970	45	15	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	390	195	190	0	0	0
Iraq	30	20	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	150	90	60	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	70	35	35	0	0	0
Turkey	85	30	50	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	1,280	620	660	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	75	35	45	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	120	60	65	0	0	0
Taiwan	40	10	30	0	0	0
Philippines	340	120	220	10	0	10
Viet Nam	85	35	55	0	0	0
Bangladesh	45	20	30	0	0	0
India	515	260	255	0	0	0
Pakistan	90	40	50	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	55	25	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	355	180	175	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	10	0	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,050	490	565	0	0	0
Americas	155	65	95	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
United States of America	65	30	30	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	15	30	0	0	0
Europe	165	85	80	0	0	0
France	55	30	25	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	20	25	0	0	0
Africa	80	25	50	0	0	0
Algeria	25	10	15	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	650	315	340	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	230	115	115	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	105	60	50	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	60	30	25	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	30	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	20	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	25	10	20	0	0	0
Turkey	25	0	20	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	31,560	15,180	16,385	620	275	345
First generation¹⁰⁰	9,640	4,610	5,030	190	90	105
Second generation¹⁰¹	7,455	3,760	3,690	140	55	85
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,465	6,805	7,660	290	135	155
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	6,410	3,035	3,375	80	25	55
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	4,195	2,070	2,125	60	20	35
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,870	1,120	750	35	20	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	2,325	955	1,370	20	0	20
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,600	620	975	20	0	15
Refugees¹⁰⁸	570	325	245	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	40	20	20	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	6,410	3,035	3,375	80	25	55
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	280	145	140	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	725	315	410	0	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	220	145	75	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	395	190	195	10	0	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	45	15	25	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	4,745	2,225	2,520	60	25	35
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	31,560	15,180	16,380	620	275	345
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	8,015	3,975	4,045	220	60	160
South Asian	1,410	760	645	45	15	30
Chinese	2,415	1,150	1,265	40	10	25
Black	875	450	420	30	0	15
Filipino	530	240	285	20	0	20
Arab	720	360	360	20	10	15
Latin American	695	325	365	20	0	15
Southeast Asian	210	100	115	0	0	0
West Asian	405	195	210	15	0	0
Korean	220	110	105	15	0	10
Japanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	110	65	40	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	285	130	160	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	23,545	11,200	12,335	400	210	190
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	31,560	15,180	16,385	620	275	345
Canadian	3,735	1,840	1,885	50	20	35
English	4,105	2,045	2,060	105	60	50
Irish	5,050	2,390	2,665	105	55	50
Scottish	4,170	2,040	2,130	60	45	20
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,110	2,425	2,690	155	80	75
German	1,555	745	815	20	15	10
Chinese	2,495	1,170	1,330	40	10	30
Italian	3,005	1,450	1,555	35	25	10
Indian (India)	870	480	385	20	0	10
Ukrainian	725	385	335	0	0	0
Dutch	390	175	215	0	0	0
Polish	1,120	510	610	0	0	0
Québécois	885	405	480	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,185	570	620	20	15	0
Filipino	510	235	275	15	0	15
French Canadian	1,325	550	775	30	25	10
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	335	135	205	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	165	95	75	15	15	0
Métis	100	35	55	0	0	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	380	210	170	0	0	0
Russian	625	290	335	0	0	0
Norwegian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Welsh	515	235	275	20	20	0
Portuguese	360	215	145	15	0	15
American	395	225	170	0	0	0
Spanish	530	245	290	15	0	0
Swedish	155	90	70	0	0	0
Hungarian	385	170	215	0	0	0
Acadian	200	80	125	0	0	0
Pakistani	165	85	80	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	250	140	110	10	0	0
Jewish	500	255	240	0	0	0
Punjabi	85	50	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	145	60	85	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	425	200	220	20	10	15
Greek	550	245	300	0	0	0
Jamaican	110	45	70	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	150	70	80	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	15	0	0	0	0
Korean	205	110	95	15	0	10
Romanian	555	310	240	0	0	0
Lebanese	430	200	230	0	0	0
Iranian	425	215	210	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	200	75	125	0	0	0
Danish	110	50	65	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sikh	45	35	15	0	0	0
Austrian	165	75	95	0	0	0
Belgian	250	155	95	10	10	0
Haitian	125	70	55	0	0	0
Hindu	185	100	85	0	0	0
Mexican	305	125	175	0	0	0
Mennonite	20	15	0	0	0	0
Swiss	185	90	90	0	0	0
Finnish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	80	45	40	0	0	0
Croatian	110	40	65	0	0	0
Japanese	200	105	90	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	75	35	35	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	15	0	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	45	20	30	0	0	0
Muslim	60	35	30	0	0	0
Egyptian	290	125	165	10	0	10
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	190	110	85	0	0	0
Tamil	40	15	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	130	45	85	0	0	0
Moroccan	195	105	90	0	0	0
Czech	95	40	50	0	0	0
Syrian	160	80	80	0	0	0
Guyanese	85	30	50	0	0	0
Afghan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	85	45	35	0	0	0
Serbian	95	50	40	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	10	45	0	0	0
Hong Konger	20	0	20	0	0	0
Ontarian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Persian	180	100	80	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	160	85	70	0	0	0
Turkish	150	70	85	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	50	20	30	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	55	30	25	0	0	0
Algerian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Brazilian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Armenian	280	140	140	0	0	0
Slovak	105	45	60	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	105	60	45	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	30	15	20	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	50	25	25	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	35	25	10	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	35	20	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	30	10	20	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	135	65	70	0	0	0
South African	20	10	0	0	0	0
Australian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Palestinian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chilean	40	15	20	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	50	20	30	0	0	0
Peruvian	70	25	40	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Berber	70	30	40	0	0	0
Albanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Maltese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	20	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	20	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	20	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Canadian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Israeli	75	45	30	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	15	20	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25	0	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	60	65	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	65	35	35	0	0	0
African American	25	10	15	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tunisian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	45	25	25	0	0	0
Cuban	30	10	25	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	65	30	35	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	85	25	50	0	0	0
Bengali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Irish	50	20	30	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25	10	10	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Argentinian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Estonian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	70	35	35	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	85	35	50	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	0	20	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	25	10	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	10	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	25	15	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	70	25	45	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	40	25	20	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Mauritian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	10	10	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	15	10	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	0	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	15	15	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	20	15	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	31,560	15,180	16,380	620	280	345
Buddhist	205	85	125	0	0	0
Christian	18,310	8,335	9,975	340	150	190
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,245	560	690	25	10	20
Anabaptist	15	0	0	0	0	0
Anglican	1,255	545	710	45	20	20
Baptist	250	140	120	0	0	0
Catholic	11,565	5,230	6,335	225	100	125
Christian Orthodox	1,135	500	635	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	110	45	65	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lutheran	110	60	50	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	170	65	110	0	0	0
Presbyterian	300	150	150	0	0	0
Reformed	35	20	20	0	0	0
United Church	920	425	490	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,155	560	595	35	15	20
Hindu	630	310	320	0	0	0
Jewish	685	335	355	0	0	0
Muslim	1,285	680	605	35	0	35
Sikh	240	170	75	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	155	40	120	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	10,040	5,230	4,810	215	105	105
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	31,295	15,020	16,270	625	275	345
Non-movers	28,430	13,630	14,795	505	225	285
Movers	2,865	1,390	1,475	115	55	60
Non-migrants	1,505	745	760	70	30	45
Migrants	1,355	640	720	45	25	20
Internal migrants	1,105	520	590	45	25	20
Intraprovincial migrants	935	440	495	45	25	20
Interprovincial migrants	170	80	95	0	0	0
External migrants	255	125	130	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	30,250	14,475	15,780	620	275	345
Non-movers	19,950	9,600	10,345	225	105	120
Movers	10,300	4,870	5,435	395	175	225
Non-migrants	2,225	1,005	1,220	135	40	90
Migrants	8,080	3,870	4,210	260	130	135
Internal migrants	6,540	3,130	3,410	225	115	105
Intraprovincial migrants	6,065	2,890	3,175	200	105	95
Interprovincial migrants	480	240	240	20	15	10
External migrants	1,540	740	795	40	15	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,680	12,595	14,080	535	250	285
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,730	1,335	1,390	85	45	40
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	23,950	11,260	12,685	455	205	245
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,700	7,550	8,150	265	130	135
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	635	400	235	10	0	0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	15,060	7,150	7,910	250	120	125
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,675	12,600	14,080	535	250	285
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,550	1,215	1,335	80	35	40
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,675	2,805	2,865	145	70	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,455	8,570	9,875	320	145	175
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,735	3,585	4,150	190	90	100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,530	875	650	40	30	15
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,020	520	495	20	10	10
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	510	355	155	20	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,160	2,235	2,920	130	45	85
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,050	475	575	15	15	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	10,715	4,985	5,730	130	55	75
Bachelor's degree	6,800	3,130	3,665	90	30	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	895	360	540	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	165	45	125	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,355	1,140	1,215	30	20	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	500	315	185	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,695	7,550	8,145	260	130	130
No certificate, diploma or degree	570	350	220	15	10	0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,620	1,360	1,255	55	40	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,510	5,835	6,680	190	80	110
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,550	2,215	2,330	120	55	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	940	550	395	20	20	0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	655	330	325	15	10	0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	290	225	65	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,960	1,365	1,600	80	30	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	640	300	340	15	10	0
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,965	3,620	4,345	75	30	45
Bachelor's degree	5,095	2,345	2,745	55	15	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	665	245	425	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	135	35	100	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,725	805	925	25	10	10
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	345	200	145	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	26,675	12,595	14,080	540	250	285
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,220	4,025	4,200	220	110	115
Education	1,290	285	1,010	10	0	10
13. Education	1,290	285	1,010	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	865	320	540	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	65	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	775	260	515	15	10	0
Humanities	1,265	400	865	20	0	10
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	255	35	210	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	255	60	195	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	380	135	240	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	35	10	25	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	25	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	15	0	0	0
54. History	140	60	80	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	100	35	65	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,580	1,035	1,550	45	20	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	265	130	135	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	325	45	280	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	310	110	200	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	15	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	350	75	270	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	1,280	650	635	15	10	0
Business, management and public administration	4,580	1,935	2,640	60	25	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	25	105	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,445	1,915	2,530	55	20	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,300	745	560	20	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	410	155	255	20	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	330	190	140	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	90	35	55	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	440	345	100	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	970	645	330	20	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	705	540	165	10	10	0
25. Library science	95	10	85	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	150	80	70	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,965	2,470	490	70	55	20
04. Architecture and related services	190	115	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,580	1,230	350	20	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	500	440	60	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	205	205	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	335	330	0	15	15	0
48. Precision production	160	150	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	230	95	135	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	150	45	105	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	50	35	0	0	0
Health and related fields	1,830	370	1,465	45	0	45
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	185	85	95	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,595	260	1,335	45	0	45
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	25	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	570	280	290	10	0	10
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	345	95	250	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	80	50	25	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	125	15	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,700	7,550	8,150	260	130	130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,185	1,715	1,470	70	45	20
Education	730	160	570	10	0	10
13. Education	730	160	570	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	605	245	360	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	45	20	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	540	205	340	10	10	0
Humanities	790	240	550	15	10	0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	180	30	150	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	155	30	120	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	220	80	135	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0	0	0
54. History	95	50	55	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	50	15	40	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,870	700	1,170	25	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	95	100	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	245	30	220	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	235	70	160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	15	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	275	50	230	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	890	440	450	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	3,330	1,390	1,940	40	15	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	15	85	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,230	1,375	1,855	35	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	690	390	290	20	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	305	125	180	20	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	80	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	230	180	60	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	720	505	215	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	585	445	140	15	15	0
25. Library science	35	0	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	55	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,090	1,680	410	30	20	15
04. Architecture and related services	135	80	55	10	0	10
14. Engineering	1,190	890	300	10	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	300	255	40	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	135	135	0	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	220	220	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	100	100	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	55	110	0	0	0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	20	90	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	35	20	0	0	0
Health and related fields	1,140	275	870	30	0	30
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	155	75	80	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	945	175	775	30	0	30
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	25	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	380	180	200	0	0	0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	250	70	175	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	50	40	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	70	0	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	15,700	7,550	8,150	260	130	130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,185	1,715	1,470	70	45	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	12,510	5,830	6,675	195	80	110
Location of study inside Canada	9,765	4,515	5,250	145	65	85
Same as province or territory of residence	8,815	4,010	4,810	125	45	85
Different than province or territory of residence	950	505	445	25	25	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	2,750	1,320	1,425	45	15	25
Americas	530	250	275	15	10	0
United States of America	240	130	100	0	0	0
Mexico	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazil	30	10	20	0	0	0
Colombia	30	0	25	0	0	0
Peru	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	65	25	40	0	0	0
Europe	765	385	385	0	0	0
Belgium	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	205	100	105	0	0	0
Germany	25	10	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	20	15	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	45	20	25	0	0	0
Romania	105	50	55	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	170	85	80	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	15	10	0	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	80	45	35	0	0	0
Africa	185	75	105	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	35	20	20	0	0	0
Morocco	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	65	25	40	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	40	15	20	0	0	0
Asia	1,250	600	650	25	0	20
Iran⁸⁸	135	70	70	10	0	0
Iraq	20	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	15	15	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	20	0	10	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	560	275	280	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	60	25	40	0	0	0
Philippines	130	60	70	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	175	90	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	0	25	0	0	0
Oceania	15	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealand	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	26,675	12,600	14,080	535	250	285
In the labour force	16,330	8,240	8,090	285	145	145
Employed	14,965	7,560	7,405	275	145	130
Unemployed	1,365	680	685	10	0	10
Not in the labour force	10,350	4,355	5,990	255	105	140
Participation rate	61.2	65.4	57.5	53.3	58.0	50.9
Employment rate	56.1	60.0	52.6	51.4	58.0	45.6
Unemployment rate	8.4	8.3	8.5	3.5	0.0	6.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	26,675	12,595	14,080	540	250	285
Did not work¹⁸⁶	10,005	4,185	5,820	230	100	125
Worked	16,670	8,415	8,260	305	145	160
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	9,125	4,900	4,225	165	90	75
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,550	3,515	4,035	140	60	85
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	41.6	40.0	40.8	42.0	39.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	16,330	8,240	8,090	285	140	145
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	305	150	155	0	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	16,025	8,090	7,935	285	140	145
Employee	13,500	6,580	6,915	240	115	125
Permanent position	11,480	5,775	5,710	220	105	120
Temporary position	2,015	805	1,205	20	15	10
Fixed term (1 year or more)	720	275	445	10	10	0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,290	530	760	10	0	0
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,530	1,515	1,015	45	25	20
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	16,330	8,240	8,090	285	140	145
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	305	150	155	0	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	16,025	8,090	7,935	285	140	145
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	350	235	115	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,590	1,240	2,350	55	30	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,140	1,580	555	30	20	0
3 Health occupations	995	185	805	20	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,120	735	1,390	40	25	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	880	410	475	25	0	20
6 Sales and service occupations	3,700	1,825	1,875	75	25	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,635	1,475	155	35	30	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	110	95	15	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	510	310	200	0	0	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	16,330	8,240	8,090	285	140	145
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	305	150	155	0	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	16,025	8,090	7,935	285	140	145
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65	40	30	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	55	30	25	15	0	10
23 Construction	645	550	95	25	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,610	1,080	530	15	0	15
41 Wholesale trade	1,145	660	490	15	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,640	775	865	25	10	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,035	685	345	15	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	495	340	150	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	725	355	370	15	15	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	320	170	150	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,200	1,230	970	40	25	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	20	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	460	260	200	10	0	10
61 Educational services	1,770	590	1,185	25	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	1,545	325	1,225	40	10	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	475	220	260	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	745	320	425	10	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	520	210	310	0	0	0
91 Public administration	505	230	275	0	0	0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	17,565	8,830	8,730	320	160	160
English	5,605	2,935	2,670	125	65	55
French	1,860	895	960	20	10	10
Non-official language	95	40	50	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	95	40	50	0	0	0
English and French	9,500	4,665	4,835	170	80	90
English and non-official language(s)	215	120	95	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	285	165	125	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	17,565	8,830	8,730	320	160	160
Single responses	15,230	7,670	7,560	270	140	130
Official languages	15,040	7,575	7,460	270	140	130
English	10,855	5,420	5,435	225	115	105
French	4,185	2,155	2,025	45	25	25
Non-official languages	195	95	100	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	185	95	90	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	25	45	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	0	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	0	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	65	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages	100	65	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	50	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,330	1,160	1,170	45	15	30
English and French	2,265	1,120	1,145	45	15	30
English and non-official language(s)	55	30	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	17,565	8,830	8,730	320	160	160
None	9,805	4,985	4,820	190	95	95
English	2,320	1,255	1,070	25	15	15
French	5,060	2,370	2,690	100	55	50
Non-official language	175	100	70	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	170	100	65	0	0	0
English and French	25	10	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	65	40	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	100	70	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	14,965	7,560	7,405	275	145	130
Worked at home	5,385	2,600	2,780	80	40	40
Worked outside Canada	60	35	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,025	720	305	30	20	15
Usual place of work	8,495	4,200	4,290	160	80	75
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,495	4,205	4,295	160	80	75
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,720	1,155	1,570	45	20	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,155	2,605	2,550	110	50	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	550	390	160	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	65	50	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	9,515	4,920	4,595	195	105	90
Car, truck or van	7,780	4,105	3,675	160	100	65
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,140	3,910	3,230	135	100	35
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	645	195	445	25	0	25
Public transit	900	420	475	15	0	10
Walked	485	240	245	10	0	10
Bicycle	140	60	75	0	0	0
Other method	215	95	120	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	9,515	4,920	4,595	195	105	90
Less than 15 minutes	3,065	1,380	1,685	55	20	40
15 to 29 minutes	3,680	1,960	1,720	60	30	30
30 to 44 minutes	1,760	1,035	720	35	25	15
45 to 59 minutes	535	290	240	20	20	0
60 minutes and over	480	255	230	20	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	9,515	4,920	4,595	195	105	90
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	425	330	100	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,275	790	485	15	10	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,730	1,330	1,400	70	55	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,325	1,070	1,255	40	0	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,555	705	845	40	20	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,210	700	510	30	15	15
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,170	3,230	2,940	100	50	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,805	1,985	1,820	60	30	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,365	1,245	1,120	40	20	25
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,775	2,495	2,285	85	40	45
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,005	1,565	1,440	50	20	25
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	2,530	1,325	1,205	45	20	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	475	240	235	5	5	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,770	930	840	35	15	20

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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