Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saint-Colomban, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	17,740
Population, 2016¹	16,019
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	10.7
Total private dwellings²	6,807
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,632
Population density per square kilometre	191.4
Land area in square kilometres	92.71
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	17,740
0 to 14 years	4,075
0 to 4 years	1,305
5 to 9 years	1,420
10 to 14 years	1,350
15 to 64 years	11,835
15 to 19 years	945
20 to 24 years	710
25 to 29 years	975
30 to 34 years	1,305
35 to 39 years	1,425
40 to 44 years	1,395
45 to 49 years	1,300
50 to 54 years	1,190
55 to 59 years	1,370
60 to 64 years	1,220
65 years and over	1,830
65 to 69 years	835
70 to 74 years	485
75 to 79 years	295
80 to 84 years	145
85 years and over	65
85 to 89 years	50
90 to 94 years	20
95 to 99 years	0
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.0
15 to 64 years	66.7
65 years and over	10.3
85 years and over	0.4
Average age of the population	37.0
Median age of the population	38.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,635
Single-detached house	5,595
Semi-detached house	175
Row house	30
Apartment or flat in a duplex	695
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	95
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	5
Movable dwelling⁴	35
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,635
1 person	1,325
2 persons	2,290
3 persons	1,170
4 persons	1,225
5 or more persons	620
Number of persons in private households	17,725
Average household size	2.7
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	13,665
Married or living common-law	9,350
Married	3,930
Living common-law	5,420
Living common law - Never married	4,590
Living common law - Separated	50
Living common law - Divorced	700
Living common law - Widowed	75
Not married and not living common-law	4,315
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,330
Not married and not living common law - Separated	105
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	570
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	310
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,240
2 persons	2,400
3 persons	1,160
4 persons	1,185
5 or more persons	500
Average size of census families	3.0
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,245
Total couple families	4,650
Married couples	1,940
With children⁶	915
Without children	1,030
Common-law couples	2,710
With children⁶	1,660
Without children	1,045
Total one-parent families	590
in which the parent is a woman+	340
in which the parent is a man+	255
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	17,725
Total - Persons in census families	15,680
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,300
Parents in one-parent families	595
Children⁶	5,785
In a two-parent family	4,860
In a one-parent family	920
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,050
Living alone	1,325
Living with other relatives⁷	330
Living with non-relatives only	395
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,630
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,775
Couple-family households	4,280
With children⁶	2,395
Without children	1,885
One-parent-family households	495
Multigenerational households⁸	150
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	190
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	160
One-person households	1,325
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,320
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,320
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,390
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,855
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,635
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,175
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,590
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,320
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,320
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,420
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,855
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,675
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,790
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,170
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,150
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,675
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,240
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,650
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,335
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,565
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,280
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,645
Without total income	325
With total income	13,320
Under $10,000 (including loss)	860
$10,000 to $19,999	1,325
$20,000 to $29,999	1,665
$30,000 to $39,999	1,665
$40,000 to $49,999	1,690
$50,000 to $59,999	1,385
$60,000 to $69,999	1,205
$70,000 to $79,999	965
$80,000 to $89,999	775
$90,000 to $99,999	570
$100,000 and over	1,220
$100,000 to $149,999	955
$150,000 and over	260
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,645
Without after-tax income	325
With after-tax income	13,320
Under $10,000 (including loss)	915
$10,000 to $19,999	1,405
$20,000 to $29,999	2,015
$30,000 to $39,999	2,185
$40,000 to $49,999	2,035
$50,000 to $59,999	1,645
$60,000 to $69,999	1,255
$70,000 to $79,999	815
$80,000 to $89,999	435
$90,000 to $99,999	245
$100,000 and over	375
$100,000 to $124,999	220
$125,000 and over	150
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,645
Without employment income	2,790
With employment income	10,860
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,195
$5,000 to $9,999	800
$10,000 to $19,999	1,210
$20,000 to $29,999	1,060
$30,000 to $39,999	1,035
$40,000 to $49,999	1,070
$50,000 to $59,999	925
$60,000 to $69,999	845
$70,000 to $79,999	720
$80,000 to $89,999	640
$90,000 to $99,999	415
$100,000 and over	935
$100,000 to $124,999	545
$125,000 and over	395
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,075
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,080
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,170
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,830
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,125
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,850
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,015
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,920
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,070
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,085
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,145
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,765
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,000
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,280
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,035
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,380
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,650
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,295
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,370
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	87.8
Employment income (%)	76.8
Government transfers (%)	12.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,635
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	100,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,325
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,305
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,630
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,400
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,200
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,325
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,650
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,600
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,310
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,800
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,400
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,635
Under $5,000	35
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	50
$15,000 to $19,999	60
$20,000 to $24,999	160
$25,000 to $29,999	120
$30,000 to $34,999	145
$35,000 to $39,999	170
$40,000 to $44,999	220
$45,000 to $49,999	185
$50,000 to $59,999	420
$60,000 to $69,999	435
$70,000 to $79,999	430
$80,000 to $89,999	430
$90,000 to $99,999	450
$100,000 and over	3,315
$100,000 to $124,999	1,150
$125,000 to $149,999	795
$150,000 to $199,999	890
$200,000 and over	490
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,635
Under $5,000	35
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	55
$15,000 to $19,999	70
$20,000 to $24,999	185
$25,000 to $29,999	150
$30,000 to $34,999	175
$35,000 to $39,999	235
$40,000 to $44,999	255
$45,000 to $49,999	250
$50,000 to $59,999	515
$60,000 to $69,999	565
$70,000 to $79,999	565
$80,000 to $89,999	645
$90,000 to $99,999	555
$100,000 and over	2,360
$100,000 to $124,999	1,150
$125,000 to $149,999	615
$150,000 and over	595
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,190
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000
Average family size of economic families	3.1
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,910
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,595
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	555
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,715
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,185
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,600
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,930
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,700
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,900
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,600
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,200
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,200
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	560
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,600
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,720
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,520
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	17,725
0 to 17 years	4,665
0 to 5 years	1,610
18 to 64 years	11,230
65 years and over	1,830
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,095
0 to 17 years	250
0 to 5 years	75
18 to 64 years	610
65 years and over	235
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4
65 years and over (%)	12.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	17,725
0 to 17 years	4,665
0 to 5 years	1,610
18 to 64 years	11,230
65 years and over	1,830
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	300
0 to 17 years	55
0 to 5 years	10
18 to 64 years	230
65 years and over	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	1.1
0 to 5 years (%)	0.7
18 to 64 years (%)	2.1
65 years and over (%)	0.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	17,725
In bottom half of the distribution	8,360
In bottom decile	950
In second decile	1,310
In third decile	1,775
In fourth decile	2,010
In fifth decile	2,315
In top half of the distribution	9,365
In sixth decile	2,465
In seventh decile	2,365
In eighth decile	2,110
In ninth decile	1,580
In top decile	845
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	17,725
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.253
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.352
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.219
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.7
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	17,740
English only	125
French only	9,840
English and French	7,745
Neither English nor French	30
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	17,740
English	615
French	16,930
English and French	170
Neither English nor French	20
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	17,740
Single responses	17,420
Official languages	16,995
English	445
French	16,545
Non-official languages	425
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	425
Afro-Asiatic languages	35
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	30
Amharic	0
Arabic	30
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	15
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	5
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	15
Haitian Creole	10
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	5
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	310
Albanian	0
Armenian	5
Balto-Slavic languages	95
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	95
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	10
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	30
Russian	50
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	10
Frisian	0
High German languages	10
German	10
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	180
Catalan	0
Italian	35
Portuguese	25
Romanian	20
Spanish	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	10
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15
Chinese languages	15
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	0
Thai	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	5
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	5
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	320
English and French	240
English and non-official language(s)	25
French and non-official language(s)	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	15
Multiple non-official languages	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	17,740
English	315
French	16,075
Non-official language	85
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	85
English and French	885
English and non-official language(s)	60
French and non-official language(s)	155
English, French and non-official language(s)	165
Multiple non-official languages	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	17,740
Single responses	17,405
Official languages	17,250
English	485
French	16,760
Non-official languages	155
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	155
Afro-Asiatic languages	5
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	5
Amharic	0
Arabic	5
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	5
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	115
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	50
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	10
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	5
Russian	40
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	10
Spanish	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	10
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10
Chinese languages	10
Hakka	0
Mandarin	10
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	340
English and French	265
English and non-official language(s)	25
French and non-official language(s)	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	15
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	17,740
None	16,775
English	560
French	145
Non-official language	125
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	125
English and French	20
English and non-official language(s)	60
French and non-official language(s)	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	17,725
Official languages	17,715
English	7,885
French	17,605
Non-official languages	880
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	880
Afro-Asiatic languages	40
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	40
Amharic	0
Arabic	40
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	10
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	25
Haitian Creole	25
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	725
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	85
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	25
Russian	30
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	10
Bosnian	0
Croatian	10
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	50
Frisian	0
High German languages	50
German	50
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	620
Catalan	0
Italian	110
Portuguese	40
Romanian	20
Spanish	510
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	10
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45
Chinese languages	45
Hakka	0
Mandarin	45
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10
Lao	0
Thai	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,725
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	265
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	240
First Nations (North American Indian)	135
Métis	110
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20
Non-Indigenous identity	17,460
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,725
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	17,665
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,630
Owner	5,775
Renter	855
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,630
Condominium	95
Not condominium	6,540
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,630
No bedrooms	15
1 bedroom	595
2 bedrooms	1,540
3 bedrooms	2,775
4 or more bedrooms	1,700
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,630
1 to 4 rooms	1,095
5 rooms	790
6 rooms	1,050
7 rooms	1,110
8 or more rooms	2,580
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,630
One person or fewer per room	6,605
More than one person per room	30
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,630
Suitable	6,440
Not suitable	190
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,630
1960 or before	325
1961 to 1980	775
1981 to 1990	385
1991 to 2000	1,445
2001 to 2005	760
2006 to 2010	1,165
2011 to 2015	1,075
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	695
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,630
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,375
Major repairs needed	255
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,630
One-maintainer household	2,670
Two-maintainer household	3,790
Three-or-more-maintainer household	175
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,630
15 to 24 years	115
25 to 34 years	1,045
35 to 44 years	1,530
45 to 54 years	1,445
55 to 64 years	1,420
65 to 74 years	780
75 to 84 years	265
85 years and over	35
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,615
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,900
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	715
30% to less than 100%	660
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,630
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,120
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	685
Not suitable only	165
Major repairs needed only	225
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	5,505
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,555
In core need	200
Not in core need	6,360
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,775
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	79.5
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.5
% in core housing need⁶³	1.9
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,340
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	378,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	860
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	2.9
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.9
% in core housing need⁶³	9.5
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	848
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	17,725
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	355
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	345
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	255
Métis single ancestry	75
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	585
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	585
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	565
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	16,785
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	17,725
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,560
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,615
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	12,945
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	165
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	17,725
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,110
Immigrants⁸¹	600
Before 1980	125
1980 to 1990	60
1991 to 2000	70
2001 to 2010	195
2011 to 2021⁸²	145
2011 to 2015	55
2016 to 2021	85
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	600
Under 5 years	105
5 to 14 years	115
15 to 24 years	85
25 to 44 years	245
45 years and over	45
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	600
Americas	165
Brazil	0
Colombia	15
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	25
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	25
Other places of birth in Americas	85
Europe	330
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	165
Germany	0
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	25
Netherlands	0
Poland	20
Portugal	15
Romania	15
Russian Federation	15
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50
Africa	30
Algeria	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15
Asia	75
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	10
Taiwan	10
Philippines	10
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	90
Americas	30
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	10
United States of America	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	55
France	40
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	0
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	17,725
First generation¹⁰⁰	690
Second generation¹⁰¹	815
Third generation or more¹⁰²	16,215
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	475
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	280
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	120
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	165
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	165
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	475
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	35
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	60
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	335
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	17,725
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	375
South Asian	10
Chinese	65
Black	60
Filipino	15
Arab	40
Latin American	135
Southeast Asian	25
West Asian	0
Korean	10
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	17,350
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	17,725
Canadian	6,925
English	225
Irish	990
Scottish	475
French, n.o.s.¹²²	4,325
German	420
Chinese	50
Italian	520
Indian (India)	20
Ukrainian	140
Dutch	40
Polish	235
Québécois	2,860
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20
Filipino	20
French Canadian	1,175
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	275
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	400
Métis	110
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	290
Russian	35
Norwegian	10
Welsh	10
Portuguese	95
American	110
Spanish	80
Swedish	10
Hungarian	45
Acadian	260
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0
Jewish	0
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35
Greek	35
Jamaican	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10
Korean	0
Romanian	25
Lebanese	75
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	155
Danish	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	155
Sikh	0
Austrian	60
Belgian	165
Haitian	60
Hindu	0
Mexican	30
Mennonite	0
Swiss	60
Finnish	0
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	10
Japanese	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	30
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0
Muslim	0
Egyptian	20
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40
Tamil	0
Icelandic	0
Colombian	15
Moroccan	0
Czech	0
Syrian	30
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	15
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	0
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	10
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0
Somali	0
Taiwanese	25
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	85
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	0
Australian	0
Palestinian	0
Chilean	25
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	25
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	25
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	20
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	45
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	40
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	65
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	40
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	30
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	75
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	10
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	10
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	17,725
Buddhist	0
Christian	10,545
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	675
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	60
Baptist	0
Catholic	9,575
Christian Orthodox	30
Jehovah's Witness	40
Latter Day Saints	0
Lutheran	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0
Presbyterian	15
Reformed	0
United Church	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	130
Hindu	0
Jewish	0
Muslim	50
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20
No religion and secular perspectives	7,100
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	17,475
Non-movers	15,730
Movers	1,750
Non-migrants	400
Migrants	1,345
Internal migrants	1,315
Intraprovincial migrants	1,290
Interprovincial migrants	25
External migrants	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	16,420
Non-movers	10,300
Movers	6,120
Non-migrants	905
Migrants	5,210
Internal migrants	5,135
Intraprovincial migrants	5,055
Interprovincial migrants	80
External migrants	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,650
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,890
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,760
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,170
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,630
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,540
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,650
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,310
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,890
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,450
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,650
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,590
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,560
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,030
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,610
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	445
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,800
Bachelor's degree	1,345
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20
Master's degree	235
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,170
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,145
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,165
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,540
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,020
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,150
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	870
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	385
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,625
Bachelor's degree	1,225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20
Master's degree	210
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,645
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,205
Education	580
13. Education	580
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	225
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35
50. Visual and performing arts	195
Humanities	290
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	230
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	615
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180
22. Legal professions and studies	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	135
45. Social sciences	170
Business, management and public administration	1,690
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,565
Physical and life sciences and technologies	195
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	30
40. Physical sciences	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210
25. Library science	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,470
04. Architecture and related services	60
14. Engineering	155
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	480
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	675
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	675
48. Precision production	420
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	60
Health and related fields	970
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	900
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	970
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	355
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	220
49. Transportation and materials moving	395
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,005
Education	480
13. Education	480
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	195
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30
50. Visual and performing arts	160
Humanities	200
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	160
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	520
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	165
22. Legal professions and studies	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	130
45. Social sciences	135
Business, management and public administration	1,455
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,355
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10
40. Physical sciences	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	195
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,125
04. Architecture and related services	55
14. Engineering	155
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	415
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	585
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	570
48. Precision production	350
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	120
03. Natural resources and conservation	45
Health and related fields	900
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	830
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	800
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	275
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	180
49. Transportation and materials moving	335
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,170
Location of study inside Canada	6,970
Same as province or territory of residence	6,840
Different than province or territory of residence	135
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	190
Americas	45
United States of America	20
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	15
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10
Europe	120
Belgium	0
France	70
Germany	15
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	15
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	0
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	25
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	0
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,650
In the labour force	10,060
Employed	9,520
Unemployed	540
Not in the labour force	3,590
Participation rate	73.7
Employment rate	69.7
Unemployment rate	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,645
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,425
Worked	10,225
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,460
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,760
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,055
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,950
Employee	8,560
Permanent position	7,395
Temporary position	1,165
Fixed term (1 year or more)	325
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	840
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,390
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,055
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,950
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	255
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,600
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	730
3 Health occupations	775
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,190
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175
6 Sales and service occupations	1,965
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,645
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	150
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	465
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,055
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105
All industries¹⁹¹	9,950
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	80
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40
22 Utilities	90
23 Construction	1,405
31-33 Manufacturing	1,220
41 Wholesale trade	400
44-45 Retail trade	1,160
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	575
51 Information and cultural industries	90
52 Finance and insurance	225
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	95
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	585
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	410
61 Educational services	630
62 Health care and social assistance	1,335
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	150
72 Accommodation and food services	465
81 Other services (except public administration)	430
91 Public administration	565
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,665
English	240
French	8,000
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	2,355
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	45
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,665
Single responses	10,310
Official languages	10,295
English	595
French	9,695
Non-official languages	15
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	10
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	360
English and French	330
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	15
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,665
None	8,585
English	1,690
French	350
Non-official language	15
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	15
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,515
Worked at home	1,585
Worked outside Canada	20
No fixed workplace address	1,495
Usual place of work	6,415
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,415
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,045
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,890
Commute to a different province or territory	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,910
Car, truck or van	7,720
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,395
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	320
Public transit	60
Walked	45
Bicycle	0
Other method	75
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,910
Less than 15 minutes	1,005
15 to 29 minutes	2,885
30 to 44 minutes	1,995
45 to 59 minutes	1,155
60 minutes and over	865
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,910
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,150
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,575
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,990
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,230
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	575
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,385
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,745
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	485
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,260
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,340
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	340
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	150
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	190
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,000

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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