Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Lachute, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	14,100	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,862^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,862	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,531	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	129.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	108.66	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	14,100	6,835	7,265
0 to 14 years	1,995	1,040	955
0 to 4 years	665	345	325
5 to 9 years	645	340	300
10 to 14 years	690	355	330
15 to 64 years	8,125	4,065	4,060
15 to 19 years	650	340	310
20 to 24 years	600	310	295
25 to 29 years	745	400	345
30 to 34 years	790	390	405
35 to 39 years	725	370	360
40 to 44 years	765	375	390
45 to 49 years	675	335	340
50 to 54 years	790	370	420
55 to 59 years	1,180	615	570
60 to 64 years	1,180	570	620
65 years and over	3,980	1,730	2,250
65 to 69 years	1,110	540	575
70 to 74 years	920	435	490
75 to 79 years	855	385	465
80 to 84 years	510	175	335
85 years and over	580	195	385
85 to 89 years	345	155	190
90 to 94 years	185	35	150
95 to 99 years	45	10	35
100 years and over	5	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	15.2	13.1
15 to 64 years	57.6	59.5	55.9
65 years and over	28.2	25.3	31.0
85 years and over	4.1	2.9	5.3
Average age of the population	47.1	45.3	48.8
Median age of the population	50.4	48.0	52.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,535	...	...
Single-detached house	3,230	...	...
Semi-detached house	195	...	...
Row house	120	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	675	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,250	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	60	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,530	...	...
1 person	2,555	...	...
2 persons	2,370	...	...
3 persons	825	...	...
4 persons	485	...	...
5 or more persons	295	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,365	6,570	6,795
Average household size	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,105	5,795	6,310
Married or living common-law	6,005	2,975	3,025
Married	3,220	1,585	1,640
Living common-law	2,785	1,395	1,390
Living common law - Never married	2,125	1,050	1,080
Living common law - Separated	55	35	20
Living common law - Divorced	530	280	250
Living common law - Widowed	75	30	45
Not married and not living common-law	6,095	2,815	3,280
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,515	1,935	1,580
Not married and not living common law - Separated	230	130	100
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,160	470	695
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,190	285	910
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,770	...	...
2 persons	2,360	...	...
3 persons	735	...	...
4 persons	450	...	...
5 or more persons	230	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,775	...	...
Total couple families	2,930	...	...
Married couples	1,535	...	...
With children⁶	455	...	...
Without children	1,085	...	...
Common-law couples	1,390	...	...
With children⁶	665	...	...
Without children	725	...	...
Total one-parent families	840	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	640	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	205	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,360	6,570	6,790
Total - Persons in census families	9,960	4,905	5,050
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,860	2,925	2,935
Parents in one-parent families	840	200	640
Children⁶	3,260	1,780	1,475
In a two-parent family	2,025	1,125	900
In a one-parent family	1,230	655	580
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,400	1,660	1,740
Living alone	2,555	1,210	1,345
Living with other relatives⁷	335	160	170
Living with non-relatives only	510	285	225
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,530	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,430	...	...
Couple-family households	2,730	...	...
With children⁶	1,050	...	...
Without children	1,680	...	...
One-parent-family households	700	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	90	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	185	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	255	...	...
One-person households	2,555	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,360	5,530	5,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,115	5,390	5,725
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,400	30,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,115	5,390	5,725
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	34,000	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,205	4,615	4,590
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,000	32,400	22,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,040	3,680	3,360
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	33,600	26,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,760	4,600	5,165
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,200	13,500	14,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,535	840	695
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,520	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,060	1,630	1,430
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,450	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,365	5,525	5,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,065	5,365	5,700
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,760	46,120	37,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,065	5,365	5,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,680	38,560	32,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,220	4,600	4,615
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,960	40,240	29,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,045	3,720	3,325
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,000	40,600	32,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,710	4,570	5,140
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,400	13,620	15,080
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,580	870	710
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,460	6,560	6,350
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,170	1,715	1,455
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,290	8,170	8,430
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,360	5,530	5,835
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,215	1,670	1,545
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400	54,400	43,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,900	60,850	48,480
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,805	1,410	1,395
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,600	21,000	15,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,880	28,200	21,540
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	69.8	74.8	63.9
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.3	61.1	50.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	30.3	25.2	36.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.3	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.8	6.5	7.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.7	5.7	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,365	5,525	5,835
Without total income	250	140	115
With total income	11,115	5,390	5,720
Under $10,000 (including loss)	680	275	405
$10,000 to $19,999	1,685	695	995
$20,000 to $29,999	2,405	1,035	1,370
$30,000 to $39,999	1,760	825	935
$40,000 to $49,999	1,400	690	715
$50,000 to $59,999	1,065	560	510
$60,000 to $69,999	745	435	315
$70,000 to $79,999	425	265	160
$80,000 to $89,999	325	195	130
$90,000 to $99,999	210	130	80
$100,000 and over	405	295	115
$100,000 to $149,999	305	220	90
$150,000 and over	100	75	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,365	5,525	5,835
Without after-tax income	250	140	115
With after-tax income	11,115	5,390	5,720
Under $10,000 (including loss)	735	285	450
$10,000 to $19,999	1,750	730	1,015
$20,000 to $29,999	2,835	1,265	1,570
$30,000 to $39,999	2,030	980	1,045
$40,000 to $49,999	1,585	835	755
$50,000 to $59,999	990	555	440
$60,000 to $69,999	530	320	210
$70,000 to $79,999	305	175	125
$80,000 to $89,999	130	90	40
$90,000 to $99,999	90	60	30
$100,000 and over	135	95	45
$100,000 to $124,999	70	50	25
$125,000 and over	65	40	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,365	5,525	5,835
Without employment income	4,320	1,845	2,475
With employment income	7,040	3,680	3,360
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,100	560	540
$5,000 to $9,999	575	250	320
$10,000 to $19,999	990	460	535
$20,000 to $29,999	905	430	475
$30,000 to $39,999	885	430	455
$40,000 to $49,999	705	345	355
$50,000 to $59,999	525	295	225
$60,000 to $69,999	440	295	145
$70,000 to $79,999	245	150	100
$80,000 to $89,999	260	155	105
$90,000 to $99,999	130	95	35
$100,000 and over	285	210	80
$100,000 to $124,999	170	120	45
$125,000 and over	115	85	30
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,360	5,530	5,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,980	5,340	5,640
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	36,000	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,980	5,345	5,645
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	32,400	25,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,125	4,590	4,535
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,800	34,000	23,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,135	3,735	3,400
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	34,800	25,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,035	4,195	4,830
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,700	9,200	11,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,315	725	590
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,520	4,840	4,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,365	5,525	5,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,930	5,300	5,625
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,880	43,800	34,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,935	5,305	5,625
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,160	36,520	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,090	4,540	4,555
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,480	41,720	29,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,135	3,760	3,375
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,000	41,520	31,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,940	4,105	4,835
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,420	10,470	12,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,305	735	570
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,385	5,850	7,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,360	5,530	5,835
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,210	1,665	1,545
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	43,600	52,400	39,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,200	57,550	44,360
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,620	1,340	1,285
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	28,000	20,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,280	33,960	24,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	76.0	81.4	69.2
Employment income (%)	62.1	67.2	55.9
Government transfers (%)	24.0	18.5	30.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.9	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,530	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,555	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,975	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,530	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,450	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,555	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,320	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,975	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,530	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	230	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	610	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	375	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	350	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	380	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	375	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	335	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	580	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	500	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	440	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	380	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	355	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,400	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	630	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	335	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	280	...	...
$200,000 and over	155	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,530	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	235	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	635	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	480	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	385	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	440	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	430	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	350	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	645	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	585	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	470	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	435	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	340	...	...
$100,000 and over	855	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	440	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	220	...	...
$150,000 and over	195	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,790	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,700	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,135	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	815	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,065	1,495	1,570
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,600	32,800	27,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,800	29,800	26,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,810	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,715	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,125	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	830	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,010	1,505	1,505
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,680	40,400	34,920
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,760	34,520	31,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,360	6,570	6,790
0 to 17 years	2,405	1,265	1,140
0 to 5 years	785	410	375
18 to 64 years	7,615	3,770	3,840
65 years and over	3,345	1,535	1,815
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,440	1,060	1,380
0 to 17 years	425	215	210
0 to 5 years	155	70	80
18 to 64 years	1,105	500	600
65 years and over	910	345	565
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.3	16.2	20.3
0 to 17 years (%)	17.8	17.2	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	19.2	17.5	21.2
18 to 64 years (%)	14.5	13.3	15.7
65 years and over (%)	27.3	22.4	31.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,360	6,570	6,790
0 to 17 years	2,405	1,260	1,140
0 to 5 years	785	410	375
18 to 64 years	7,610	3,775	3,840
65 years and over	3,345	1,535	1,810
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	600	310	290
0 to 17 years	85	45	40
0 to 5 years	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	460	240	220
65 years and over	60	20	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.5	4.7	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.9	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	3.6	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	6.4	5.8
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	1.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,360	6,570	6,790
In bottom half of the distribution	9,485	4,540	4,940
In bottom decile	2,085	930	1,150
In second decile	2,210	1,025	1,180
In third decile	1,910	940	975
In fourth decile	1,755	880	875
In fifth decile	1,520	760	760
In top half of the distribution	3,880	2,030	1,850
In sixth decile	1,160	585	575
In seventh decile	1,075	570	500
In eighth decile	785	410	375
In ninth decile	520	280	245
In top decile	345	185	155
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,360	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.487	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.256	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	13,820	6,730	7,090
English only	425	180	240
French only	7,200	3,305	3,900
English and French	6,185	3,245	2,945
Neither English nor French	10	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	13,820	6,730	7,090
English	1,455	710	740
French	12,195	5,935	6,260
English and French	165	85	80
Neither English nor French	10	5	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	13,820	6,730	7,090
Single responses	13,360	6,505	6,855
Official languages	13,130	6,395	6,740
English	1,275	615	660
French	11,855	5,775	6,075
Non-official languages	230	110	120
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	230	110	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	10	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	80	75
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	20	5	5
German	15	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	25	20	10
Portuguese	10	5	5
Romanian	15	5	10
Spanish	45	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	460	225	235
English and French	410	190	215
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	13,820	6,730	7,090
English	1,075	525	550
French	11,460	5,590	5,870
Non-official language	60	30	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	60	30	30
English and French	1,020	490	530
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	70	30	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	90	50	45
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	13,820	6,730	7,090
Single responses	13,465	6,560	6,910
Official languages	13,380	6,520	6,860
English	1,375	675	695
French	12,010	5,840	6,165
Non-official languages	85	40	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	40	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	30	30
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	15	0	10
Spanish	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	350	170	185
English and French	295	140	150
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	15
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	13,820	6,730	7,090
None	12,925	6,305	6,620
English	490	225	260
French	280	145	135
Non-official language	55	25	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	35
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,360	6,570	6,790
Official languages	13,345	6,560	6,785
English	6,390	3,325	3,070
French	12,945	6,365	6,580
Non-official languages	400	210	190
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	400	210	190
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	25	10	15
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	335	180	155
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	30	15	15
German	30	15	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	235	125	115
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	10
Portuguese	10	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10
Spanish	165	80	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	15
Chinese languages	20	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,360	6,570	6,790
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	300	145	150
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	270	125	140
First Nations (North American Indian)	185	90	95
Métis	65	30	35
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	15
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	20	0
Non-Indigenous identity	13,060	6,425	6,640
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,360	6,570	6,790
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	65	35	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,295	6,535	6,760
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,530	...	...
Owner	3,350	...	...
Renter	3,180	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,530	...	...
Condominium	540	...	...
Not condominium	5,990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,530	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...
1 bedroom	985	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,710	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,790	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,025	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,530	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,640	...	...
5 rooms	1,060	...	...
6 rooms	765	...	...
7 rooms	755	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,310	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,530	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,485	...	...
More than one person per room	50	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,530	...	...
Suitable	6,315	...	...
Not suitable	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,530	...	...
1960 or before	2,165	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,770	...	...
1981 to 1990	615	...	...
1991 to 2000	325	...	...
2001 to 2005	175	...	...
2006 to 2010	535	...	...
2011 to 2015	370	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	575	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,530	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,070	...	...
Major repairs needed	460	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,530	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,910	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,500	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	115	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,530	...	...
15 to 24 years	205	...	...
25 to 34 years	730	...	...
35 to 44 years	895	...	...
45 to 54 years	910	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,480	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,325	...	...
75 to 84 years	780	...	...
85 years and over	195	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,490	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,335	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,150	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,095	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,535	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,705	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,045	...	...
Not suitable only	185	...	...
Major repairs needed only	350	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,830	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,435	...	...
In core need	380	...	...
Not in core need	6,055	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	989	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	265,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,180	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	710	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	738	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,360	6,570	6,795
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	225	105	120
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	225	105	120
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	190	100	90
Métis single ancestry	20	0	15
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	520	235	285
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	520	235	285
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	480	220	265
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	10	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	12,625	6,235	6,385
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,360	6,570	6,790
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	13,270	6,530	6,740
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,400	1,265	1,135
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,865	5,260	5,605
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	90	40	55
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,360	6,570	6,790
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,030	6,400	6,625
Immigrants⁸¹	320	155	165
Before 1980	130	70	60
1980 to 1990	50	30	25
1991 to 2000	30	25	10
2001 to 2010	60	20	45
2011 to 2021⁸²	50	20	30
2011 to 2015	25	10	10
2016 to 2021	30	15	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	15	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	320	155	165
Under 5 years	45	30	15
5 to 14 years	50	30	25
15 to 24 years	85	25	60
25 to 44 years	120	70	45
45 years and over	15	0	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	320	155	165
Americas	65	30	35
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	20	0	15
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0
United States of America	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	175	95	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	65	20	40
Germany	25	15	10
Greece	15	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	20	10	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	0
Africa	25	0	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0
Asia	55	25	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30	15	15
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	25	10	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,360	6,570	6,790
First generation¹⁰⁰	350	180	175
Second generation¹⁰¹	425	225	195
Third generation or more¹⁰²	12,585	6,165	6,420
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	190	90	100
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	105	55	45
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	30	20
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	55	30	30
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	50	20	30
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	15	25
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	190	90	100
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	0	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	10	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	140	65	75
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,360	6,570	6,790
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	205	90	110
South Asian	25	0	20
Chinese	25	10	10
Black	85	40	45
Filipino	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	25	20	15
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	13,155	6,480	6,680
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,365	6,570	6,790
Canadian	5,230	2,530	2,700
English	445	230	215
Irish	980	570	410
Scottish	430	200	225
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,050	1,435	1,615
German	235	120	115
Chinese	20	10	15
Italian	270	155	110
Indian (India)	40	20	20
Ukrainian	60	40	15
Dutch	40	20	20
Polish	35	20	15
Québécois	1,975	995	980
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	35	25	10
Filipino	0	0	0
French Canadian	1,035	480	550
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	380	210	170
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	315	135	180
Métis	40	15	25
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	150	65	80
Russian	40	15	30
Norwegian	10	10	0
Welsh	40	0	30
Portuguese	30	10	20
American	80	25	55
Spanish	35	0	25
Swedish	10	0	0
Hungarian	40	15	25
Acadian	65	20	50
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	20	10
Jewish	10	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	55	35	25
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	10	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	35	15	20
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	170	95	70
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	130	75	60
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	95	60	35
Haitian	45	15	30
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	20	15	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	40	20	15
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	55	15	40
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0
Czech	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	55	20	35
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	0	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	70	30	40
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	0	15
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	25	15	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	35	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	45	30	15
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	25	15	10
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	20	0	15
Norman	25	10	10
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,360	6,570	6,790
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	9,625	4,540	5,085
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	425	215	215
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	100	35	65
Baptist	55	20	35
Catholic	8,570	4,060	4,515
Christian Orthodox	60	30	30
Jehovah's Witness	70	35	35
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0
Presbyterian	45	20	25
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	95	35	60
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	190	85	105
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	80	40	40
No religion and secular perspectives	3,630	1,980	1,645
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,190	6,500	6,685
Non-movers	11,165	5,500	5,660
Movers	2,030	1,000	1,030
Non-migrants	895	435	460
Migrants	1,130	565	565
Internal migrants	1,125	560	565
Intraprovincial migrants	1,045	525	525
Interprovincial migrants	85	35	45
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	12,695	6,225	6,465
Non-movers	6,595	3,310	3,280
Movers	6,100	2,915	3,185
Non-migrants	2,355	1,115	1,245
Migrants	3,745	1,805	1,940
Internal migrants	3,705	1,785	1,915
Intraprovincial migrants	3,525	1,700	1,825
Interprovincial migrants	180	85	95
External migrants	35	15	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,365	5,525	5,835
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,830	2,095	1,730
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,535	3,435	4,105
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,785	3,430	3,360
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,925	1,215	715
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,865	2,215	2,645
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,365	5,525	5,835
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,410	1,775	1,625
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,975	1,370	1,605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,980	2,385	2,600
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,075	2,025	2,045
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,340	1,335	1,005
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,800	935	865
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	540	400	140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,475	605	870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	255	85	170
Bachelor's degree or higher	905	355	555
Bachelor's degree	690	270	420
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	10	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	15	15
Master's degree	130	55	75
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,790	3,430	3,355
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,620	980	640
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,590	780	815
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,580	1,680	1,905
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,940	1,470	1,470
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,780	1,000	780
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,410	705	700
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	370	290	85
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,015	420	595
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150	50	95
Bachelor's degree or higher	640	205	435
Bachelor's degree	490	165	330
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	0	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10
Master's degree	100	35	60
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,365	5,530	5,840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,385	3,145	3,240
Education	370	95	280
13. Education	370	95	280
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	150	70	80
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	125	45	80
Humanities	200	65	135
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	35	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10
54. History	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	0	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	315	90	225
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	0	110
22. Legal professions and studies	65	35	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20
42. Psychology	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	80	35	40
Business, management and public administration	1,025	255	765
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	15	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	955	245	710
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	50	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	25	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	10	15
40. Physical sciences	30	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	90	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	75	30
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,235	1,165	70
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	0
14. Engineering	75	70	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	180	180	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	300	285	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	395	375	15
48. Precision production	265	240	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	95	65
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130	70	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	0
Health and related fields	730	100	625
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	685	80	605
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	560	300	260
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	270	80	190
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	115	65	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	180	155	25
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,785	3,430	3,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,205	1,755	1,450
Education	240	55	180
13. Education	240	55	180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	40	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	25	60
Humanities	140	50	90
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	25	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	230	35	195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15
42. Psychology	25	10	20
45. Social sciences	60	15	40
Business, management and public administration	710	150	555
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	655	145	510
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	20	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	65	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	65	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	930	875	55
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10
14. Engineering	55	50	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	155	145	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	210	200	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	310	300	15
48. Precision production	185	175	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	70	55
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100	50	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	20	0
Health and related fields	530	65	470
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	15	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	505	50	460
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	440	250	195
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	205	60	150
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	90	65	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	130	20
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,785	3,430	3,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,205	1,755	1,450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,585	1,675	1,905
Location of study inside Canada	3,500	1,640	1,860
Same as province or territory of residence	3,325	1,555	1,770
Different than province or territory of residence	180	90	90
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	80	35	45
Americas	20	15	10
United States of America	20	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	35	15	20
Belgium	0	0	0
France	20	0	15
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	25	0	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,365	5,525	5,835
In the labour force	6,085	3,200	2,890
Employed	5,600	2,925	2,680
Unemployed	485	275	210
Not in the labour force	5,280	2,325	2,945
Participation rate	53.5	57.9	49.5
Employment rate	49.3	52.9	45.9
Unemployment rate	8.0	8.6	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,365	5,530	5,840
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,085	2,295	2,785
Worked	6,285	3,235	3,050
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,345	1,740	1,605
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,940	1,495	1,445
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.7	42.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,085	3,195	2,885
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	60	65
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,965	3,135	2,825
Employee	5,240	2,755	2,490
Permanent position	4,600	2,425	2,180
Temporary position	640	330	305
Fixed term (1 year or more)	155	65	90
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	480	265	215
Self-employed¹⁹²	720	385	340
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,085	3,195	2,885
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	60	65
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,965	3,135	2,825
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	100	80	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	770	230	540
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	215	175	35
3 Health occupations	430	60	370
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	635	155	485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	50	50
6 Sales and service occupations	1,550	595	955
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,425	1,280	150
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	155	105	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	570	405	170
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,085	3,195	2,885
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	120	60	65
All industries¹⁹¹	5,965	3,135	2,825
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	85	40	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	45	10
22 Utilities	45	45	0
23 Construction	605	510	100
31-33 Manufacturing	995	750	245
41 Wholesale trade	170	120	55
44-45 Retail trade	825	380	450
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	390	245	150
51 Information and cultural industries	40	30	0
52 Finance and insurance	85	40	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60	35	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	240	85	150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	245	160	90
61 Educational services	345	80	265
62 Health care and social assistance	765	100	665
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110	85	25
72 Accommodation and food services	375	115	265
81 Other services (except public administration)	280	145	135
91 Public administration	225	120	110
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,600	3,400	3,195
English	230	150	80
French	4,580	2,350	2,230
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	1,775	900	875
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,600	3,400	3,195
Single responses	6,285	3,250	3,040
Official languages	6,285	3,250	3,040
English	525	300	220
French	5,760	2,945	2,815
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	315	155	165
English and French	315	155	165
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,600	3,400	3,195
None	5,130	2,655	2,475
English	1,175	595	585
French	280	150	130
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,605	2,925	2,680
Worked at home	665	265	395
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	710	555	155
Usual place of work	4,220	2,100	2,120
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,220	2,100	2,120
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,975	845	1,135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	460	250	215
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,645	955	690
Commute to a different province or territory	135	50	85
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,935	2,655	2,280
Car, truck or van	4,590	2,495	2,100
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,265	2,305	1,965
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	330	195	135
Public transit	25	15	10
Walked	210	75	130
Bicycle	15	15	0
Other method	95	55	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,935	2,655	2,280
Less than 15 minutes	2,220	1,040	1,175
15 to 29 minutes	870	450	420
30 to 44 minutes	885	515	375
45 to 59 minutes	515	295	215
60 minutes and over	445	350	95
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,935	2,655	2,280
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	605	435	175
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,130	710	410
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,265	590	680
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	715	260	460
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	450	160	290
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	770	495	275
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,450	1,285	1,165
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	505	270	235
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,945	1,015	930
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,740	915	830
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	360	190	165
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	290	160	135
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	70	35	35
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,380	725	660

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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