Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saint-Sauveur, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,580
Population, 2016¹	10,231
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	13.2
Total private dwellings²	7,267
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,936
Population density per square kilometre	243.2
Land area in square kilometres	47.62
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,580
0 to 14 years	1,145
0 to 4 years	335
5 to 9 years	375
10 to 14 years	435
15 to 64 years	6,340
15 to 19 years	455
20 to 24 years	350
25 to 29 years	385
30 to 34 years	410
35 to 39 years	485
40 to 44 years	515
45 to 49 years	565
50 to 54 years	785
55 to 59 years	1,020
60 to 64 years	1,355
65 years and over	4,095
65 to 69 years	1,220
70 to 74 years	1,060
75 to 79 years	770
80 to 84 years	480
85 years and over	560
85 to 89 years	370
90 to 94 years	150
95 to 99 years	30
100 years and over	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.9
15 to 64 years	54.7
65 years and over	35.4
85 years and over	4.8
Average age of the population	52.7
Median age of the population	58.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,935
Single-detached house	3,395
Semi-detached house	450
Row house	135
Apartment or flat in a duplex	830
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	945
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	35
Movable dwelling⁴	150
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,940
1 person	2,310
2 persons	2,535
3 persons	540
4 persons	395
5 or more persons	155
Number of persons in private households	11,405
Average household size	1.9
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	10,435
Married or living common-law	6,160
Married	3,545
Living common-law	2,620
Living common law - Never married	1,710
Living common law - Separated	40
Living common law - Divorced	775
Living common law - Widowed	95
Not married and not living common-law	4,270
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,280
Not married and not living common law - Separated	155
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,055
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	780
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,485
2 persons	2,490
3 persons	500
4 persons	370
5 or more persons	130
Average size of census families	2.5
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,485
Total couple families	3,045
Married couples	1,735
With children⁶	410
Without children	1,330
Common-law couples	1,310
With children⁶	440
Without children	870
Total one-parent families	440
in which the parent is a woman+	315
in which the parent is a man+	130
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,405
Total - Persons in census families	8,635
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,090
Parents in one-parent families	440
Children⁶	2,105
In a two-parent family	1,480
In a one-parent family	620
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,775
Living alone	2,315
Living with other relatives⁷	150
Living with non-relatives only	310
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,935
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,320
Couple-family households	2,930
With children⁶	810
Without children	2,130
One-parent-family households	385
Multigenerational households⁸	45
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	85
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	165
One-person households	2,315
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,115
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,115
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,305
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,285
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,470
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	935
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,885
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,140
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,140
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,330
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,285
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,495
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	840
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,865
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,385
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	84,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,935
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	52.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,260
Without total income	145
With total income	10,120
Under $10,000 (including loss)	645
$10,000 to $19,999	1,080
$20,000 to $29,999	1,780
$30,000 to $39,999	1,325
$40,000 to $49,999	1,285
$50,000 to $59,999	950
$60,000 to $69,999	710
$70,000 to $79,999	510
$80,000 to $89,999	375
$90,000 to $99,999	310
$100,000 and over	1,145
$100,000 to $149,999	665
$150,000 and over	475
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,260
Without after-tax income	140
With after-tax income	10,120
Under $10,000 (including loss)	755
$10,000 to $19,999	1,160
$20,000 to $29,999	2,040
$30,000 to $39,999	1,695
$40,000 to $49,999	1,380
$50,000 to $59,999	990
$60,000 to $69,999	635
$70,000 to $79,999	390
$80,000 to $89,999	295
$90,000 to $99,999	180
$100,000 and over	590
$100,000 to $124,999	255
$125,000 and over	335
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,260
Without employment income	3,975
With employment income	6,285
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,260
$5,000 to $9,999	585
$10,000 to $19,999	745
$20,000 to $29,999	575
$30,000 to $39,999	520
$40,000 to $49,999	475
$50,000 to $59,999	385
$60,000 to $69,999	345
$70,000 to $79,999	240
$80,000 to $89,999	240
$90,000 to $99,999	170
$100,000 and over	740
$100,000 to $124,999	275
$125,000 and over	465
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,985
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,000
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,210
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,405
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,635
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	715
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,015
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,025
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,235
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,370
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,610
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	705
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,260
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,355
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,770
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	84.6
Employment income (%)	55.8
Government transfers (%)	15.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,940
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	71,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,315
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,620
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,940
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,700
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,315
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,900
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,760
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,620
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,300
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,900
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,940
Under $5,000	60
$5,000 to $9,999	30
$10,000 to $14,999	45
$15,000 to $19,999	100
$20,000 to $24,999	340
$25,000 to $29,999	270
$30,000 to $34,999	225
$35,000 to $39,999	280
$40,000 to $44,999	295
$45,000 to $49,999	305
$50,000 to $59,999	500
$60,000 to $69,999	475
$70,000 to $79,999	385
$80,000 to $89,999	360
$90,000 to $99,999	355
$100,000 and over	1,910
$100,000 to $124,999	605
$125,000 to $149,999	355
$150,000 to $199,999	490
$200,000 and over	465
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,940
Under $5,000	80
$5,000 to $9,999	40
$10,000 to $14,999	55
$15,000 to $19,999	115
$20,000 to $24,999	370
$25,000 to $29,999	325
$30,000 to $34,999	275
$35,000 to $39,999	365
$40,000 to $44,999	380
$45,000 to $49,999	315
$50,000 to $59,999	580
$60,000 to $69,999	570
$70,000 to $79,999	420
$80,000 to $89,999	415
$90,000 to $99,999	325
$100,000 and over	1,325
$100,000 to $124,999	490
$125,000 to $149,999	350
$150,000 and over	485
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,495
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000
Average family size of economic families	2.5
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,145
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	850
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	430
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,620
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,500
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,300
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,400
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,135
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	115,100
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,800
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	850
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	181,200
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,600
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	425
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,200
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,800
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,595
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,405
0 to 17 years	1,425
0 to 5 years	405
18 to 64 years	6,055
65 years and over	3,925
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,270
0 to 17 years	125
0 to 5 years	40
18 to 64 years	565
65 years and over	580
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.1
0 to 17 years (%)	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4
65 years and over (%)	14.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,405
0 to 17 years	1,425
0 to 5 years	400
18 to 64 years	6,055
65 years and over	3,925
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	315
0 to 17 years	35
0 to 5 years	5
18 to 64 years	225
65 years and over	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.7
65 years and over (%)	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,405
In bottom half of the distribution	6,170
In bottom decile	1,020
In second decile	1,310
In third decile	1,300
In fourth decile	1,245
In fifth decile	1,290
In top half of the distribution	5,240
In sixth decile	1,085
In seventh decile	1,105
In eighth decile	935
In ninth decile	930
In top decile	1,180
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,405
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.382
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.515
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.323
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.8
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,520
English only	255
French only	3,940
English and French	7,315
Neither English nor French	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,520
English	1,010
French	10,345
English and French	150
Neither English nor French	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,520
Single responses	11,220
Official languages	10,815
English	815
French	10,005
Non-official languages	400
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	400
Afro-Asiatic languages	30
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	30
Amharic	0
Arabic	30
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	5
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	320
Albanian	0
Armenian	10
Balto-Slavic languages	35
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	35
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	10
Russian	10
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	60
Frisian	0
High German languages	50
German	40
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	5
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15
Afrikaans	5
Dutch	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	10
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	10
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	10
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	200
Catalan	0
Italian	75
Portuguese	15
Romanian	35
Spanish	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	5
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10
Chinese languages	10
Hakka	0
Mandarin	5
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	5
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	300
English and French	225
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,520
English	705
French	9,550
Non-official language	60
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	60
English and French	945
English and non-official language(s)	40
French and non-official language(s)	100
English, French and non-official language(s)	120
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,520
Single responses	11,245
Official languages	11,135
English	960
French	10,175
Non-official languages	110
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	85
Albanian	0
Armenian	10
Balto-Slavic languages	10
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	10
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	5
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	10
Frisian	0
High German languages	10
German	10
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	5
Romanian	20
Spanish	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	5
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5
Chinese languages	5
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	275
English and French	230
English and non-official language(s)	5
French and non-official language(s)	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,520
None	10,560
English	540
French	220
Non-official language	95
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	90
English and French	15
English and non-official language(s)	45
French and non-official language(s)	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,410
Official languages	11,400
English	7,555
French	11,095
Non-official languages	1,170
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	85
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	85
Amharic	0
Arabic	80
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	1,030
Albanian	0
Armenian	10
Balto-Slavic languages	50
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	50
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	15
Russian	20
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	15
Bosnian	0
Croatian	15
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	160
Frisian	0
High German languages	120
German	90
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	35
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	35
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	10
Indo-Iranian languages	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	15
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	15
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	15
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	810
Catalan	0
Italian	165
Portuguese	35
Romanian	25
Spanish	630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	10
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	15
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	15
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	20
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	20
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,405
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	160
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	160
First Nations (North American Indian)	100
Métis	60
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	11,245
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,405
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,395
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,935
Owner	4,150
Renter	1,785
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,935
Condominium	725
Not condominium	5,210
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,935
No bedrooms	30
1 bedroom	760
2 bedrooms	1,905
3 bedrooms	2,205
4 or more bedrooms	1,040
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,935
1 to 4 rooms	1,610
5 rooms	1,030
6 rooms	815
7 rooms	845
8 or more rooms	1,635
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,935
One person or fewer per room	5,920
More than one person per room	15
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,935
Suitable	5,855
Not suitable	85
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,935
1960 or before	545
1961 to 1980	1,560
1981 to 1990	1,050
1991 to 2000	765
2001 to 2005	650
2006 to 2010	555
2011 to 2015	340
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	475
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,935
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,615
Major repairs needed	320
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,935
One-maintainer household	3,490
Two-maintainer household	2,370
Three-or-more-maintainer household	75
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,935
15 to 24 years	40
25 to 34 years	355
35 to 44 years	590
45 to 54 years	835
55 to 64 years	1,475
65 to 74 years	1,435
75 to 84 years	895
85 years and over	305
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,915
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,580
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,335
30% to less than 100%	1,265
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,935
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,640
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,255
Not suitable only	70
Major repairs needed only	220
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	90
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	4,295
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,845
In core need	500
Not in core need	5,355
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,150
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.9
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.8
% in core housing need⁶³	2.9
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	990
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,170
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	449,200
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,790
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.3
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	45.1
% in core housing need⁶³	21.7
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,040
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,129
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,405
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	70
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	55
Métis single ancestry	10
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	275
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	265
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	220
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	11,065
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,405
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,145
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,415
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,730
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	265
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,405
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,500
Immigrants⁸¹	825
Before 1980	325
1980 to 1990	65
1991 to 2000	100
2001 to 2010	195
2011 to 2021⁸²	140
2011 to 2015	65
2016 to 2021	75
Non-permanent residents⁸³	80
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	825
Under 5 years	105
5 to 14 years	95
15 to 24 years	200
25 to 44 years	310
45 years and over	110
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	825
Americas	85
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	10
Jamaica	0
Mexico	15
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	25
Other places of birth in Americas	20
Europe	550
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	255
Germany	20
Greece	0
Hungary	20
Italy	40
Netherlands	0
Poland	15
Portugal	10
Romania	25
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45
Other places of birth in Europe	100
Africa	85
Algeria	40
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	15
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	15
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	105
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	20
Iraq	0
Lebanon	20
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	10
Viet Nam	15
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	75
Americas	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	45
France	45
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	10
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,405
First generation¹⁰⁰	960
Second generation¹⁰¹	745
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,695
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	505
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	355
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	185
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	170
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	105
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	505
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	30
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	110
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	320
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,405
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	215
South Asian	0
Chinese	30
Black	35
Filipino	10
Arab	60
Latin American	30
Southeast Asian	25
West Asian	15
Korean	0
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,190
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,405
Canadian	3,540
English	330
Irish	845
Scottish	310
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,740
German	265
Chinese	45
Italian	445
Indian (India)	0
Ukrainian	70
Dutch	80
Polish	90
Québécois	1,230
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	105
Filipino	10
French Canadian	965
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	60
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	145
Métis	65
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	145
Russian	40
Norwegian	15
Welsh	20
Portuguese	60
American	70
Spanish	80
Swedish	15
Hungarian	85
Acadian	140
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0
Jewish	85
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	15
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40
Greek	35
Jamaican	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10
Korean	10
Romanian	45
Lebanese	40
Iranian	20
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	130
Danish	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	35
Sikh	0
Austrian	20
Belgian	160
Haitian	30
Hindu	0
Mexican	15
Mennonite	0
Swiss	35
Finnish	10
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20
Muslim	0
Egyptian	25
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15
Tamil	0
Icelandic	0
Colombian	0
Moroccan	30
Czech	0
Syrian	15
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	0
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	0
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	15
Brazilian	20
Nigerian	0
Armenian	10
Slovak	40
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	15
Algonquin	30
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	0
Australian	0
Palestinian	10
Chilean	10
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	25
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	15
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	15
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	10
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	20
Norman	35
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	10
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,405
Buddhist	0
Christian	7,995
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	470
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	65
Baptist	20
Catholic	7,130
Christian Orthodox	85
Jehovah's Witness	60
Latter Day Saints	0
Lutheran	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	10
Presbyterian	0
Reformed	0
United Church	25
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	115
Hindu	0
Jewish	135
Muslim	60
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15
No religion and secular perspectives	3,205
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,345
Non-movers	9,535
Movers	1,820
Non-migrants	495
Migrants	1,320
Internal migrants	1,315
Intraprovincial migrants	1,290
Interprovincial migrants	25
External migrants	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,070
Non-movers	5,675
Movers	5,390
Non-migrants	980
Migrants	4,415
Internal migrants	4,300
Intraprovincial migrants	4,200
Interprovincial migrants	100
External migrants	115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,260
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,495
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,770
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,530
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	530
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,000
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,305
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,475
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,005
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,230
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	850
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	380
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	645
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,475
Bachelor's degree	1,600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	220
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105
Master's degree	480
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,530
No certificate, diploma or degree	435
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,060
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,495
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	835
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	590
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	250
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,300
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	365
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,560
Bachelor's degree	1,075
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65
Master's degree	260
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,785
Education	505
13. Education	505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	285
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40
50. Visual and performing arts	250
Humanities	410
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50
23. English language and literature/letters	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	235
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	10
54. History	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	695
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90
22. Legal professions and studies	135
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20
42. Psychology	175
45. Social sciences	155
Business, management and public administration	1,750
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,660
Physical and life sciences and technologies	220
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15
40. Physical sciences	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,045
04. Architecture and related services	85
14. Engineering	240
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	235
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	210
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145
48. Precision production	135
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	40
Health and related fields	800
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	690
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	55
Personal, protective and transportation services	520
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	145
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,470
Education	305
13. Education	305
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	200
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30
50. Visual and performing arts	170
Humanities	220
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20
23. English language and literature/letters	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	435
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50
22. Legal professions and studies	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15
42. Psychology	110
45. Social sciences	105
Business, management and public administration	1,100
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,040
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	660
04. Architecture and related services	40
14. Engineering	165
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	140
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	140
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105
48. Precision production	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	30
Health and related fields	465
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	390
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	380
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	185
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	75
49. Transportation and materials moving	115
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,055
Location of study inside Canada	3,770
Same as province or territory of residence	3,630
Different than province or territory of residence	145
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	285
Americas	55
United States of America	40
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	190
Belgium	20
France	125
Germany	10
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	25
Nigeria	0
Algeria	10
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	10
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	15
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	15
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,260
In the labour force	5,315
Employed	4,835
Unemployed	485
Not in the labour force	4,945
Participation rate	51.8
Employment rate	47.1
Unemployment rate	9.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,260
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,615
Worked	5,645
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,480
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,165
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,320
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	115
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,200
Employee	3,790
Permanent position	3,075
Temporary position	715
Fixed term (1 year or more)	165
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	550
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,410
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,320
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	115
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,200
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	885
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	405
3 Health occupations	455
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	615
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	220
6 Sales and service occupations	1,470
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	770
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	75
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	105
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,320
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	115
All industries¹⁹¹	5,200
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20
22 Utilities	35
23 Construction	475
31-33 Manufacturing	380
41 Wholesale trade	175
44-45 Retail trade	745
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	280
51 Information and cultural industries	80
52 Finance and insurance	180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	505
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	265
61 Educational services	345
62 Health care and social assistance	690
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	145
72 Accommodation and food services	285
81 Other services (except public administration)	210
91 Public administration	205
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,965
English	380
French	3,715
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	1,835
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,965
Single responses	5,720
Official languages	5,720
English	715
French	5,005
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	250
English and French	250
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,965
None	4,345
English	1,270
French	315
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	20
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,835
Worked at home	1,195
Worked outside Canada	10
No fixed workplace address	640
Usual place of work	2,990
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,985
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,040
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	385
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,550
Commute to a different province or territory	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,625
Car, truck or van	3,330
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,210
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	115
Public transit	20
Walked	155
Bicycle	15
Other method	110
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,625
Less than 15 minutes	1,115
15 to 29 minutes	930
30 to 44 minutes	815
45 to 59 minutes	350
60 minutes and over	425
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,625
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	230
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	450
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,005
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	820
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	705
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	420
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,455
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	235
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,215
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,095
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	165
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	125
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	925

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not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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