Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Val-des-Monts, Municipalité (MÉ)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,328
Population, 2016¹	11,582
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	15.1
Total private dwellings²	7,002
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,350
Population density per square kilometre	30.7
Land area in square kilometres	434.77
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,330
0 to 14 years	2,575
0 to 4 years	795
5 to 9 years	900
10 to 14 years	880
15 to 64 years	9,005
15 to 19 years	660
20 to 24 years	490
25 to 29 years	815
30 to 34 years	990
35 to 39 years	1,020
40 to 44 years	955
45 to 49 years	875
50 to 54 years	1,025
55 to 59 years	1,150
60 to 64 years	1,035
65 years and over	1,745
65 to 69 years	720
70 to 74 years	490
75 to 79 years	300
80 to 84 years	135
85 years and over	105
85 to 89 years	70
90 to 94 years	30
95 to 99 years	0
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.3
15 to 64 years	67.6
65 years and over	13.1
85 years and over	0.8
Average age of the population	39.7
Median age of the population	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,350
Single-detached house	4,465
Semi-detached house	285
Row house	35
Apartment or flat in a duplex	310
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	225
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10
Other single-attached house	15
Movable dwelling⁴	5
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,350
1 person	1,290
2 persons	1,955
3 persons	870
4 persons	840
5 or more persons	395
Number of persons in private households	13,325
Average household size	2.5
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	10,755
Married or living common-law	7,080
Married	3,830
Living common-law	3,250
Living common law - Never married	2,705
Living common law - Separated	40
Living common law - Divorced	480
Living common law - Widowed	35
Not married and not living common-law	3,670
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,570
Not married and not living common law - Separated	155
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	590
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	355
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,025
2 persons	2,095
3 persons	855
4 persons	790
5 or more persons	290
Average size of census families	2.8
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,030
Total couple families	3,510
Married couples	1,885
With children⁶	830
Without children	1,060
Common-law couples	1,625
With children⁶	890
Without children	735
Total one-parent families	510
in which the parent is a woman+	335
in which the parent is a man+	180
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,325
Total - Persons in census families	11,440
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,025
Parents in one-parent families	515
Children⁶	3,900
In a two-parent family	3,110
In a one-parent family	800
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,885
Living alone	1,290
Living with other relatives⁷	270
Living with non-relatives only	320
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,350
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,570
Couple-family households	3,175
With children⁶	1,580
Without children	1,595
One-parent-family households	400
Multigenerational households⁸	135
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	175
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	145
One-person households	1,290
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,490
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,505
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,670
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,200
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,945
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,235
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,730
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,495
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,050
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,505
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,640
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,450
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,200
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,905
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,790
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,290
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,675
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,480
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,865
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,750
Without total income	255
With total income	10,490
Under $10,000 (including loss)	640
$10,000 to $19,999	985
$20,000 to $29,999	1,200
$30,000 to $39,999	1,075
$40,000 to $49,999	1,205
$50,000 to $59,999	1,175
$60,000 to $69,999	1,060
$70,000 to $79,999	810
$80,000 to $89,999	690
$90,000 to $99,999	480
$100,000 and over	1,170
$100,000 to $149,999	920
$150,000 and over	250
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,750
Without after-tax income	245
With after-tax income	10,505
Under $10,000 (including loss)	710
$10,000 to $19,999	1,040
$20,000 to $29,999	1,435
$30,000 to $39,999	1,475
$40,000 to $49,999	1,605
$50,000 to $59,999	1,475
$60,000 to $69,999	1,075
$70,000 to $79,999	660
$80,000 to $89,999	440
$90,000 to $99,999	230
$100,000 and over	360
$100,000 to $124,999	230
$125,000 and over	130
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,750
Without employment income	2,550
With employment income	8,200
Under $5,000 (including loss)	865
$5,000 to $9,999	525
$10,000 to $19,999	790
$20,000 to $29,999	650
$30,000 to $39,999	685
$40,000 to $49,999	760
$50,000 to $59,999	800
$60,000 to $69,999	780
$70,000 to $79,999	595
$80,000 to $89,999	540
$90,000 to $99,999	310
$100,000 and over	900
$100,000 to $124,999	540
$125,000 and over	360
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,300
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,315
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,520
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,135
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,060
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,230
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,255
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,450
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,260
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,460
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,025
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,700
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,920
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,030
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,275
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,760
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,420
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,685
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	88.8
Employment income (%)	75.8
Government transfers (%)	11.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,350
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,290
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,000
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,060
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,350
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	111,900
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	90,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,290
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,600
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,480
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,060
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	129,400
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,800
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,350
Under $5,000	35
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	50
$15,000 to $19,999	55
$20,000 to $24,999	145
$25,000 to $29,999	120
$30,000 to $34,999	95
$35,000 to $39,999	145
$40,000 to $44,999	165
$45,000 to $49,999	165
$50,000 to $59,999	320
$60,000 to $69,999	315
$70,000 to $79,999	310
$80,000 to $89,999	330
$90,000 to $99,999	330
$100,000 and over	2,730
$100,000 to $124,999	770
$125,000 to $149,999	630
$150,000 to $199,999	785
$200,000 and over	540
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,350
Under $5,000	45
$5,000 to $9,999	30
$10,000 to $14,999	55
$15,000 to $19,999	65
$20,000 to $24,999	165
$25,000 to $29,999	135
$30,000 to $34,999	145
$35,000 to $39,999	210
$40,000 to $44,999	190
$45,000 to $49,999	200
$50,000 to $59,999	435
$60,000 to $69,999	405
$70,000 to $79,999	415
$80,000 to $89,999	445
$90,000 to $99,999	365
$100,000 and over	2,055
$100,000 to $124,999	885
$125,000 to $149,999	545
$150,000 and over	625
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,960
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000
Average family size of economic families	3.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,620
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,740
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	475
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,610
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,950
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	128,800
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,300
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,620
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,500
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,600
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,755
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,600
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	465
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,200
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,615
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,720
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,320
0 to 17 years	2,990
0 to 5 years	990
18 to 64 years	8,580
65 years and over	1,745
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	915
0 to 17 years	205
0 to 5 years	60
18 to 64 years	485
65 years and over	220
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.2
18 to 64 years (%)	5.7
65 years and over (%)	12.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,325
0 to 17 years	2,995
0 to 5 years	995
18 to 64 years	8,585
65 years and over	1,745
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	220
0 to 17 years	30
0 to 5 years	5
18 to 64 years	170
65 years and over	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	0.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.0
65 years and over (%)	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,325
In bottom half of the distribution	5,450
In bottom decile	805
In second decile	840
In third decile	1,035
In fourth decile	1,280
In fifth decile	1,485
In top half of the distribution	7,875
In sixth decile	1,670
In seventh decile	1,740
In eighth decile	1,800
In ninth decile	1,615
In top decile	1,050
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,325
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.268
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.355
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.236
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	13,325
English only	765
French only	4,235
English and French	8,315
Neither English nor French	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	13,325
English	1,725
French	11,445
English and French	145
Neither English nor French	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	13,325
Single responses	12,895
Official languages	12,630
English	1,485
French	11,150
Non-official languages	265
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	265
Afro-Asiatic languages	30
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	30
Amharic	0
Arabic	25
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	5
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	5
Haitian Creole	5
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	195
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50
Baltic languages	5
Latvian	5
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	50
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	5
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	20
Russian	15
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	10
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	30
Frisian	0
High German languages	25
German	20
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	5
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	5
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	5
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100
Catalan	0
Italian	5
Portuguese	35
Romanian	10
Spanish	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	5
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10
Chinese languages	10
Hakka	0
Mandarin	10
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	435
English and French	375
English and non-official language(s)	20
French and non-official language(s)	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	13,325
English	1,390
French	10,335
Non-official language	20
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	20
English and French	1,345
English and non-official language(s)	75
French and non-official language(s)	55
English, French and non-official language(s)	105
Multiple non-official languages	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	13,325
Single responses	12,970
Official languages	12,905
English	1,785
French	11,120
Non-official languages	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	5
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	5
Amharic	0
Arabic	5
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	45
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	20
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	5
Russian	10
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	5
Romanian	0
Spanish	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	360
English and French	300
English and non-official language(s)	20
French and non-official language(s)	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	13,325
None	12,090
English	740
French	345
Non-official language	75
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	70
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	45
French and non-official language(s)	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,325
Official languages	13,300
English	9,080
French	12,540
Non-official languages	870
Indigenous languages³⁹	15
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	860
Afro-Asiatic languages	100
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	90
Amharic	0
Arabic	80
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	30
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	10
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	685
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	85
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	20
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	30
Russian	40
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	10
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	80
Frisian	0
High German languages	70
German	70
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	535
Catalan	0
Italian	45
Portuguese	75
Romanian	0
Spanish	445
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	10
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	25
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	15
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	25
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	20
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10
Lao	0
Thai	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,325
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	695
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	665
First Nations (North American Indian)	300
Métis	340
Inuk (Inuit)	30
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	12,635
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,325
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	80
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,240
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,350
Owner	4,635
Renter	715
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,350
Condominium	160
Not condominium	5,190
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,350
No bedrooms	0
1 bedroom	465
2 bedrooms	1,325
3 bedrooms	2,315
4 or more bedrooms	1,240
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,350
1 to 4 rooms	880
5 rooms	875
6 rooms	960
7 rooms	885
8 or more rooms	1,750
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,350
One person or fewer per room	5,335
More than one person per room	15
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,350
Suitable	5,225
Not suitable	125
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,350
1960 or before	455
1961 to 1980	1,110
1981 to 1990	845
1991 to 2000	825
2001 to 2005	485
2006 to 2010	600
2011 to 2015	605
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	430
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,350
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,005
Major repairs needed	345
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,350
One-maintainer household	2,315
Two-maintainer household	2,880
Three-or-more-maintainer household	150
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,350
15 to 24 years	65
25 to 34 years	845
35 to 44 years	1,105
45 to 54 years	1,065
55 to 64 years	1,220
65 to 74 years	760
75 to 84 years	235
85 years and over	55
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,330
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,660
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	670
30% to less than 100%	600
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,350
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,065
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	595
Not suitable only	120
Major repairs needed only	280
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	4,280
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,255
In core need	205
Not in core need	5,055
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,630
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	74.6
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.8
% in core housing need⁶³	2.6
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,378
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	381,200
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	710
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.7
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.9
% in core housing need⁶³	12.5
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,320
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	720
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	705
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	590
Métis single ancestry	110
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	890
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	880
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	740
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	11,705
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,325
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	13,205
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,000
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,210
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	115
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,325
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	12,845
Immigrants⁸¹	455
Before 1980	100
1980 to 1990	70
1991 to 2000	75
2001 to 2010	105
2011 to 2021⁸²	100
2011 to 2015	50
2016 to 2021	45
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	455
Under 5 years	60
5 to 14 years	50
15 to 24 years	85
25 to 44 years	245
45 years and over	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	455
Americas	95
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	25
Other places of birth in Americas	55
Europe	220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	70
Germany	0
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	0
Poland	15
Portugal	40
Romania	0
Russian Federation	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25
Other places of birth in Europe	25
Africa	90
Algeria	25
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	15
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40
Asia	50
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	15
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50
Americas	10
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	15
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	15
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	0
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,325
First generation¹⁰⁰	595
Second generation¹⁰¹	630
Third generation or more¹⁰²	12,105
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	355
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	165
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	80
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	80
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	140
Refugees¹⁰⁸	50
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	355
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	85
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	215
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,325
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	360
South Asian	0
Chinese	15
Black	95
Filipino	25
Arab	50
Latin American	55
Southeast Asian	35
West Asian	0
Korean	35
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	12,970
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,325
Canadian	4,320
English	535
Irish	1,335
Scottish	540
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,020
German	575
Chinese	45
Italian	260
Indian (India)	25
Ukrainian	65
Dutch	60
Polish	80
Québécois	1,305
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	135
Filipino	25
French Canadian	1,620
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	375
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	645
Métis	260
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	190
Russian	50
Norwegian	25
Welsh	15
Portuguese	130
American	80
Spanish	105
Swedish	10
Hungarian	0
Acadian	175
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0
Jewish	25
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	20
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	35
Greek	40
Jamaican	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	35
Korean	40
Romanian	0
Lebanese	60
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	145
Danish	35
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	160
Sikh	0
Austrian	0
Belgian	80
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	0
Mennonite	0
Swiss	30
Finnish	0
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	45
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	0
Colombian	10
Moroccan	45
Czech	0
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	0
Ojibway	0
Newfoundlander	0
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	65
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	10
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	315
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	0
Australian	30
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	10
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	10
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	35
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10
Bulgarian	15
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	20
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	15
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	15
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	10
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	100
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	35
Norman	10
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	20
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	10
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,325
Buddhist	10
Christian	8,500
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	605
Anabaptist	0
Anglican	110
Baptist	80
Catholic	7,355
Christian Orthodox	25
Jehovah's Witness	50
Latter Day Saints	0
Lutheran	65
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35
Presbyterian	15
Reformed	0
United Church	90
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	60
Hindu	0
Jewish	25
Muslim	100
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	25
Other religions and spiritual traditions	90
No religion and secular perspectives	4,570
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,120
Non-movers	11,580
Movers	1,545
Non-migrants	530
Migrants	1,020
Internal migrants	985
Intraprovincial migrants	830
Interprovincial migrants	155
External migrants	30
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	12,530
Non-movers	7,585
Movers	4,945
Non-migrants	920
Migrants	4,025
Internal migrants	3,885
Intraprovincial migrants	3,315
Interprovincial migrants	575
External migrants	130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,745
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,610
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,140
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,855
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,555
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,295
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,750
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,225
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,125
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,950
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,230
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	720
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	280
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,750
Bachelor's degree	1,140
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25
Master's degree	390
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,855
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,245
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,540
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,070
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,640
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,640
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,025
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	615
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,795
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,430
Bachelor's degree	935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15
Master's degree	325
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,625
Education	380
13. Education	380
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	245
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50
50. Visual and performing arts	195
Humanities	275
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45
23. English language and literature/letters	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	15
54. History	30
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	570
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80
22. Legal professions and studies	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	100
45. Social sciences	220
Business, management and public administration	1,365
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,260
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	40
40. Physical sciences	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220
25. Library science	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,495
04. Architecture and related services	65
14. Engineering	140
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	235
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	620
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	290
48. Precision production	140
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	65
Health and related fields	655
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	600
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	535
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	190
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	285
49. Transportation and materials moving	55
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,785
Education	275
13. Education	275
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25
50. Visual and performing arts	145
Humanities	175
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	10
54. History	30
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	470
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75
22. Legal professions and studies	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	80
45. Social sciences	180
Business, management and public administration	1,175
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,085
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	225
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,275
04. Architecture and related services	60
14. Engineering	120
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	210
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	530
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	250
48. Precision production	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	115
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	55
Health and related fields	560
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	515
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	465
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	260
49. Transportation and materials moving	45
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,070
Location of study inside Canada	4,910
Same as province or territory of residence	3,495
Different than province or territory of residence	1,410
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	165
Americas	25
United States of America	0
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10
Europe	75
Belgium	0
France	55
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10
Africa	20
Nigeria	0
Algeria	10
Morocco	10
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	30
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	0
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,750
In the labour force	7,465
Employed	7,020
Unemployed	450
Not in the labour force	3,280
Participation rate	69.4
Employment rate	65.3
Unemployment rate	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,750
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,125
Worked	7,625
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,620
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,005
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,470
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,380
Employee	6,395
Permanent position	5,475
Temporary position	920
Fixed term (1 year or more)	350
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	570
Self-employed¹⁹²	980
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,470
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,380
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	110
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,610
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	510
3 Health occupations	385
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,130
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	180
6 Sales and service occupations	1,300
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,890
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,470
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All industries¹⁹¹	7,380
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	70
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35
22 Utilities	75
23 Construction	1,280
31-33 Manufacturing	315
41 Wholesale trade	80
44-45 Retail trade	715
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	250
51 Information and cultural industries	75
52 Finance and insurance	110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	110
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	360
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	305
61 Educational services	480
62 Health care and social assistance	800
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	120
72 Accommodation and food services	210
81 Other services (except public administration)	305
91 Public administration	1,705
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,985
English	1,000
French	3,765
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	3,180
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	20
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,985
Single responses	7,485
Official languages	7,485
English	2,125
French	5,360
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	500
English and French	500
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,985
None	5,255
English	1,580
French	1,115
Non-official language	20
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	20
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,015
Worked at home	1,740
Worked outside Canada	10
No fixed workplace address	1,320
Usual place of work	3,940
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,940
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	730
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	235
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,285
Commute to a different province or territory	690
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,265
Car, truck or van	4,965
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,705
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	260
Public transit	120
Walked	80
Bicycle	0
Other method	100
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,265
Less than 15 minutes	590
15 to 29 minutes	1,670
30 to 44 minutes	1,820
45 to 59 minutes	675
60 minutes and over	510
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,265
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	785
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,610
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,285
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	840
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	270
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	475
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,040
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	550
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,485
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,170
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	405
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	250
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	160
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,760

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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