Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Brighton, Municipality (MU)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	12,108	...	...
Population, 2016¹	11,844	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,392	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,014	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	54.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	223.24	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	12,110	6,175	5,935
0 to 14 years	1,365	715	645
0 to 4 years	395	200	190
5 to 9 years	470	245	230
10 to 14 years	495	270	225
15 to 64 years	6,740	3,545	3,195
15 to 19 years	485	255	230
20 to 24 years	490	265	220
25 to 29 years	515	290	225
30 to 34 years	615	370	240
35 to 39 years	595	340	260
40 to 44 years	540	280	260
45 to 49 years	610	330	280
50 to 54 years	685	345	340
55 to 59 years	1,000	485	515
60 to 64 years	1,205	585	625
65 years and over	4,005	1,915	2,090
65 to 69 years	1,170	570	605
70 to 74 years	1,215	570	645
75 to 79 years	735	360	375
80 to 84 years	480	255	235
85 years and over	405	160	240
85 to 89 years	275	115	160
90 to 94 years	90	40	55
95 to 99 years	30	10	20
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.3	11.6	10.9
15 to 64 years	55.7	57.4	53.8
65 years and over	33.1	31.0	35.2
85 years and over	3.3	2.6	4.0
Average age of the population	50.2	48.9	51.5
Median age of the population	56.0	53.6	58.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,015	...	...
Single-detached house	4,415	...	...
Semi-detached house	95	...	...
Row house	105	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	90	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	215	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	25	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	50	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,015	...	...
1 person	1,220	...	...
2 persons	2,385	...	...
3 persons	600	...	...
4 persons	510	...	...
5 or more persons	300	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,500	5,650	5,845
Average household size	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	10,750	5,460	5,290
Married or living common-law	6,800	3,415	3,390
Married	5,615	2,820	2,795
Living common-law	1,190	590	595
Living common law - Never married	685	345	335
Living common law - Separated	75	40	35
Living common law - Divorced	360	175	180
Living common law - Widowed	75	35	40
Not married and not living common-law	3,945	2,045	1,900
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,020	1,225	790
Not married and not living common law - Separated	310	175	135
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	675	310	365
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	945	340	605
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,800	...	...
2 persons	2,560	...	...
3 persons	575	...	...
4 persons	480	...	...
5 or more persons	185	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,805	...	...
Total couple families	3,345	...	...
Married couples	2,755	...	...
With children⁶	875	...	...
Without children	1,875	...	...
Common-law couples	595	...	...
With children⁶	215	...	...
Without children	375	...	...
Total one-parent families	455	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	335	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	125	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,495	5,650	5,845
Total - Persons in census families	9,770	4,905	4,870
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,690	3,345	3,350
Parents in one-parent families	460	120	335
Children⁶	2,620	1,435	1,185
In a two-parent family	1,960	1,045	915
In a one-parent family	665	395	270
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,725	750	975
Living alone	1,215	515	705
Living with other relatives⁷	260	105	155
Living with non-relatives only	250	135	115
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,010	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,350	...	...
Couple-family households	3,010	...	...
With children⁶	950	...	...
Without children	2,060	...	...
One-parent-family households	345	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	145	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	150	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	115	...	...
One-person households	1,215	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,135	4,935	5,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,885	4,825	5,060
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	48,000	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,900	4,835	5,065
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,800	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,775	4,415	4,360
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	40,400	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,950	3,205	2,740
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	35,600	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,160	4,435	4,725
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,200	12,600	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	755	340	405
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	6,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,965	885	1,075
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,135	4,935	5,195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,900	4,840	5,055
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,920	56,850	41,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,910	4,850	5,055
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,680	48,000	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,770	4,445	4,325
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	50,400	34,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,950	3,230	2,720
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	46,400	35,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,155	4,480	4,675
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,250	11,430	13,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	710	310	400
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,540	6,240	6,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,980	885	1,095
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,360	8,260	8,440
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,135	4,935	5,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,495	1,505	990
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	66,500	52,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,100	74,400	63,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,235	1,010	1,225
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,600	20,600	14,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,500	29,300	22,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.8	81.4	70.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	50.6	54.4	45.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.2	18.6	29.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.2	3.2	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4	2.7	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,135	4,940	5,200
Without total income	250	115	135
With total income	9,885	4,820	5,060
Under $10,000 (including loss)	715	280	440
$10,000 to $19,999	1,345	450	895
$20,000 to $29,999	1,620	640	975
$30,000 to $39,999	1,295	550	745
$40,000 to $49,999	1,230	625	605
$50,000 to $59,999	965	505	460
$60,000 to $69,999	740	450	290
$70,000 to $79,999	555	370	185
$80,000 to $89,999	380	250	130
$90,000 to $99,999	280	180	105
$100,000 and over	760	525	235
$100,000 to $149,999	545	380	165
$150,000 and over	215	145	70
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,135	4,940	5,200
Without after-tax income	240	105	135
With after-tax income	9,900	4,830	5,065
Under $10,000 (including loss)	795	300	500
$10,000 to $19,999	1,405	475	925
$20,000 to $29,999	1,840	735	1,100
$30,000 to $39,999	1,520	685	835
$40,000 to $49,999	1,370	725	645
$50,000 to $59,999	980	565	415
$60,000 to $69,999	715	485	225
$70,000 to $79,999	445	295	145
$80,000 to $89,999	305	180	125
$90,000 to $99,999	160	125	35
$100,000 and over	365	255	105
$100,000 to $124,999	190	145	45
$125,000 and over	175	115	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,135	4,940	5,200
Without employment income	4,185	1,725	2,455
With employment income	5,945	3,210	2,740
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,275	720	550
$5,000 to $9,999	490	210	275
$10,000 to $19,999	630	270	365
$20,000 to $29,999	570	245	320
$30,000 to $39,999	525	255	275
$40,000 to $49,999	550	265	280
$50,000 to $59,999	400	225	175
$60,000 to $69,999	350	225	130
$70,000 to $79,999	295	205	95
$80,000 to $89,999	210	140	75
$90,000 to $99,999	165	105	60
$100,000 and over	485	340	145
$100,000 to $124,999	265	180	85
$125,000 and over	220	165	60
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,135	4,935	5,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,770	4,755	5,015
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	48,000	30,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,780	4,760	5,025
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,400	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,790	4,390	4,400
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	42,000	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,075	3,250	2,830
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	38,800	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,795	4,255	4,535
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,800	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	610	280	335
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	5,080	4,720
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,135	4,935	5,195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,770	4,780	4,995
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,760	55,300	38,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,790	4,780	5,005
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,760	46,680	33,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,770	4,435	4,325
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,280	50,560	33,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,005	3,240	2,765
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,360	47,000	34,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,730	4,260	4,475
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,860	9,370	10,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	600	275	325
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,600	6,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,135	4,935	5,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,455	1,470	990
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	64,000	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,100	72,000	57,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,160	985	1,175
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	26,200	19,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,440	35,300	26,350
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.2	85.0	76.0
Employment income (%)	54.3	57.6	49.8
Government transfers (%)	18.8	15.1	24.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.7	1.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,015	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,215	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,800	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,015	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,220	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,790	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,015	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	145	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	195	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	185	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	215	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	415	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	420	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	380	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	340	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,835	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	680	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	425	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	420	...	...
$200,000 and over	310	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,015	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	155	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	200	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	155	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	225	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	235	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	485	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	535	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	475	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	425	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	360	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,370	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	625	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...
$150,000 and over	420	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,720	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,080	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,115	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	405	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,465	645	820
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	44,800	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	39,600	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,705	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,090	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,125	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	385	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,460	645	815
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,000	51,600	46,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,880	43,400	40,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,495	5,650	5,840
0 to 17 years	1,655	870	785
0 to 5 years	500	250	250
18 to 64 years	5,965	2,920	3,050
65 years and over	3,875	1,865	2,010
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	875	410	465
0 to 17 years	110	60	55
0 to 5 years	35	20	15
18 to 64 years	450	230	220
65 years and over	315	125	195
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.6	7.2	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	6.6	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.8	7.0	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	7.8	7.2
65 years and over (%)	8.2	6.7	9.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,495	5,655	5,845
0 to 17 years	1,660	865	790
0 to 5 years	500	250	250
18 to 64 years	5,965	2,915	3,050
65 years and over	3,875	1,865	2,005
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	205	115	90
0 to 17 years	25	20	10
0 to 5 years	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	155	85	70
65 years and over	25	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.8	2.0	1.6
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6	1.8	1.2
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.7	3.0	2.4
65 years and over (%)	0.6	0.6	0.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,495	5,650	5,845
In bottom half of the distribution	5,870	2,820	3,055
In bottom decile	730	350	375
In second decile	1,070	490	575
In third decile	1,310	635	680
In fourth decile	1,395	670	725
In fifth decile	1,370	665	705
In top half of the distribution	5,620	2,835	2,785
In sixth decile	1,310	645	665
In seventh decile	1,195	595	595
In eighth decile	1,300	680	615
In ninth decile	1,100	545	560
In top decile	725	370	350
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,495	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.291	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.423	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.254	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,550	5,665	5,890
English only	10,785	5,315	5,475
French only	5	5	5
English and French	745	345	400
Neither English nor French	15	10	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,550	5,665	5,890
English	11,285	5,540	5,750
French	240	115	120
English and French	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	15	5	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,550	5,665	5,890
Single responses	11,440	5,625	5,825
Official languages	10,825	5,325	5,505
English	10,580	5,205	5,375
French	250	120	130
Non-official languages	615	300	315
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	615	300	315
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	10
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	460	220	245
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	50	50
Baltic languages	5	0	5
Latvian	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	45	50
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5
Macedonian	5	5	0
Polish	45	20	25
Russian	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	220	95	120
Frisian	5	0	0
High German languages	95	35	55
German	90	35	50
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	110	50	60
Afrikaans	5	0	5
Dutch	100	50	55
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5
Danish	10	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	15
Portuguese	20	15	10
Romanian	5	5	0
Spanish	35	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	15
Chinese languages	30	20	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	10
Estonian	5	5	0
Finnish	5	5	5
Hungarian	15	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	40	65
English and French	45	15	30
English and non-official language(s)	50	20	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,550	5,665	5,890
English	10,995	5,420	5,575
French	65	30	35
Non-official language	60	30	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	60	30	30
English and French	100	45	55
English and non-official language(s)	300	125	175
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,550	5,665	5,890
Single responses	11,490	5,640	5,855
Official languages	11,370	5,575	5,790
English	11,290	5,545	5,750
French	80	35	40
Non-official languages	125	65	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	125	65	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	30	35
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	10
German	10	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	25	35
English and French	10	10	5
English and non-official language(s)	45	15	25
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,550	5,665	5,890
None	11,170	5,495	5,670
English	60	30	35
French	80	35	50
Non-official language	195	85	115
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	195	85	115
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,495	5,650	5,840
Official languages	11,495	5,650	5,840
English	11,490	5,645	5,840
French	755	365	390
Non-official languages	835	405	425
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	835	405	425
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	25	40
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	25	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	45	25	20
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	575	270	300
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	55	55
Baltic languages	10	0	10
Latvian	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	50	55
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	20	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	45	25	25
Russian	15	0	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	295	135	160
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	145	55	95
German	145	55	95
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	135	75	60
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	125	70	55
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	30	10	25
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	75	75
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	15
Portuguese	20	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	90	50	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	15	15	0
Korean	15	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	10
American Sign Language	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	40
Chinese languages	80	40	40
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	30
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	15	15
Estonian	10	10	0
Finnish	10	0	10
Hungarian	15	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,495	5,655	5,845
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	460	255	200
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	420	245	170
First Nations (North American Indian)	225	115	105
Métis	190	125	65
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0	20
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	10
Non-Indigenous identity	11,040	5,400	5,640
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,495	5,655	5,845
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	105	55	50
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,390	5,600	5,795
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,015	...	...
Owner	4,300	...	...
Renter	715	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,015	...	...
Condominium	100	...	...
Not condominium	4,910	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,015	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...
1 bedroom	255	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,315	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,890	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,015	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	650	...	...
5 rooms	700	...	...
6 rooms	935	...	...
7 rooms	820	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,915	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,015	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,985	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,015	...	...
Suitable	4,915	...	...
Not suitable	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,015	...	...
1960 or before	980	...	...
1961 to 1980	945	...	...
1981 to 1990	770	...	...
1991 to 2000	590	...	...
2001 to 2005	440	...	...
2006 to 2010	520	...	...
2011 to 2015	375	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,015	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,740	...	...
Major repairs needed	280	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,015	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,300	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,570	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	140	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,015	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...
25 to 34 years	390	...	...
35 to 44 years	480	...	...
45 to 54 years	620	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,135	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,385	...	...
75 to 84 years	775	...	...
85 years and over	200	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,940	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,200	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	735	...	...
30% to less than 100%	660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,015	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,015	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	660	...	...
Not suitable only	70	...	...
Major repairs needed only	195	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,995	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,865	...	...
In core need	195	...	...
Not in core need	4,675	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,240	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	47.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,179	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	558,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	41.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,040	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,174	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,495	5,655	5,845
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	115	50	70
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	115	45	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	110	40	70
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	455	260	190
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	450	260	190
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	275	160	115
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	175	100	75
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,920	5,340	5,585
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,500	5,650	5,845
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,275	5,545	5,735
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,650	840	810
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,625	4,700	4,930
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	220	110	110
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,500	5,650	5,845
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,010	4,925	5,085
Immigrants⁸¹	1,465	715	750
Before 1980	915	440	480
1980 to 1990	165	95	70
1991 to 2000	140	60	80
2001 to 2010	120	50	75
2011 to 2021⁸²	120	60	60
2011 to 2015	50	20	30
2016 to 2021	70	40	30
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,465	715	755
Under 5 years	165	85	80
5 to 14 years	375	185	190
15 to 24 years	280	135	140
25 to 44 years	565	270	295
45 years and over	80	40	40
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,465	715	755
Americas	225	105	125
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	0	10
Guyana	35	15	20
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	20	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	15	0
United States of America	110	30	80
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10
Europe	995	485	510
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	10	0	10
Germany	90	40	45
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	15	0	10
Netherlands	120	65	50
Poland	45	20	20
Portugal	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	15	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	580	285	295
Other places of birth in Europe	85	40	50
Africa	25	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10
Asia	205	100	105
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	40	25	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	75	40	35
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	75	45	30
Americas	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	10	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	20	10	15
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	40	30	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	35	25	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,495	5,650	5,845
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,595	765	825
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,705	895	810
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,195	3,990	4,205
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	550	275	275
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	275	140	135
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	150	90	55
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	125	45	80
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	220	100	120
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55	35	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	550	275	275
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	20	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	95	40	55
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	15	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	10	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	385	190	200
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,495	5,650	5,845
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	540	285	255
South Asian	115	60	60
Chinese	100	50	50
Black	120	60	60
Filipino	90	40	50
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	50	30	20
Southeast Asian	25	10	15
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	10	10	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,960	5,370	5,590
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,500	5,650	5,840
Canadian	2,250	1,115	1,140
English	3,855	1,840	2,020
Irish	2,905	1,285	1,615
Scottish	2,640	1,220	1,425
French, n.o.s.¹²²	895	425	470
German	1,110	525	580
Chinese	90	50	40
Italian	305	150	155
Indian (India)	55	25	30
Ukrainian	285	140	145
Dutch	900	465	435
Polish	315	115	195
Québécois	35	15	20
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	800	375	425
Filipino	70	35	35
French Canadian	175	95	80
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	230	110	120
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	125	60	65
Métis	185	105	80
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	220	105	120
Russian	85	45	45
Norwegian	50	20	30
Welsh	260	105	155
Portuguese	55	20	35
American	155	100	55
Spanish	80	40	35
Swedish	70	30	40
Hungarian	120	35	85
Acadian	40	25	20
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	15	0
Jewish	20	0	15
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	30
Jamaican	45	25	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	15	15
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	55	35	20
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	30	10	15
Lebanese	10	10	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20	15	10
Danish	75	15	60
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	45	10	30
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	65	20	45
Belgian	35	0	40
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	15	10	10
Finnish	60	25	35
Sri Lankan	30	10	20
Croatian	15	10	10
Japanese	10	10	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	30	25	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	50	30	25
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	0	15
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	40	30	10
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	65	45	20
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	20	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	35	10	25
Serbian	15	0	10
Ojibway	55	50	0
Newfoundlander	65	15	55
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	85	45	45
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	15
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	35	20	15
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	10	10
Algonquin	10	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	10
Lithuanian	20	0	15
South African	20	10	10
Australian	40	20	20
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	40	25	15
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	40	15	25
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	15	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	50	30	20
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	20	0	20
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	30	15	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	0	10
Bulgarian	35	20	15
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	15	15	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	25	10	20
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	10	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	20	15	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	15	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	10	10
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	25	10	20
Malaysian	15	0	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	10	0	10
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	25	10	15
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,495	5,655	5,845
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	6,385	2,995	3,390
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	720	370	350
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	875	385	495
Baptist	150	80	70
Catholic	1,845	900	950
Christian Orthodox	75	20	50
Jehovah's Witness	65	35	35
Latter Day Saints	25	10	10
Lutheran	85	45	40
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	85	40	45
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	110	45	65
Presbyterian	310	125	185
Reformed	195	95	100
United Church	1,405	660	740
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	440	190	245
Hindu	65	35	25
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	15	10	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	60	20	40
No religion and secular perspectives	4,960	2,590	2,380
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,445	5,630	5,815
Non-movers	10,385	5,130	5,255
Movers	1,055	495	565
Non-migrants	290	140	150
Migrants	770	355	415
Internal migrants	770	355	415
Intraprovincial migrants	750	350	405
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	10
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,115	5,450	5,660
Non-movers	7,025	3,470	3,555
Movers	4,090	1,980	2,105
Non-migrants	660	305	365
Migrants	3,425	1,675	1,750
Internal migrants	3,380	1,660	1,725
Intraprovincial migrants	3,170	1,545	1,630
Interprovincial migrants	210	115	100
External migrants	40	20	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,135	4,935	5,195
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,845	935	910
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,290	4,005	4,290
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,250	2,535	2,715
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	575	330	245
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,680	2,210	2,470
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,135	4,935	5,200
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,610	780	830
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,415	1,690	1,725
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,110	2,465	2,645
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,565	1,745	1,820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	785	605	180
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	325	200	125
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	460	400	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,610	1,060	1,550
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	85	90
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,540	720	820
Bachelor's degree	1,090	485	605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	50	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	15
Master's degree	270	140	130
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	25	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,250	2,535	2,715
No certificate, diploma or degree	460	255	205
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,725	895	835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,065	1,390	1,680
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,190	1,040	1,155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	460	355	110
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	200	130	70
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	265	225	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,660	640	1,015
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	40	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	880	350	525
Bachelor's degree	645	245	400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	20	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10
Master's degree	145	55	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	25	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,135	4,935	5,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,025	2,470	2,555
Education	350	90	260
13. Education	350	90	260
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	70	95
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	145	50	95
Humanities	265	120	140
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	75	30	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	20	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10
54. History	55	40	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	590	170	425
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180	20	165
22. Legal professions and studies	90	30	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	10
42. Psychology	110	35	75
45. Social sciences	150	65	85
Business, management and public administration	945	325	615
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	20	115
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	810	305	505
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	75	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	15	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	55	40	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	70	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	55	40
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	15	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,195	1,110	85
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	155	130	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	280	240	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	295	295	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	305	10
48. Precision production	150	140	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190	100	85
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	150	70	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	25	10
Health and related fields	735	85	655
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	20	30
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	690	65	625
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	395	250	145
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	135	30	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	145	105	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	105	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,250	2,535	2,720
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,185	1,150	1,035
Education	160	50	110
13. Education	160	50	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	50	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	110	40	70
Humanities	120	50	70
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10
54. History	25	20	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	405	105	305
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	10	135
22. Legal professions and studies	60	15	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	10	0
42. Psychology	70	25	45
45. Social sciences	90	35	55
Business, management and public administration	530	180	350
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	20	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	425	160	270
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	35	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	55	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	50	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	670	600	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	85	60	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	160	135	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	170	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	165	160	10
48. Precision production	95	80	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	55	55
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75	30	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	20	10
Health and related fields	505	50	460
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	480	45	435
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	280	170	110
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	100	20	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	125	80	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	65	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,250	2,535	2,720
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,185	1,150	1,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,070	1,385	1,680
Location of study inside Canada	2,830	1,265	1,565
Same as province or territory of residence	2,595	1,160	1,440
Different than province or territory of residence	235	105	125
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	240	125	115
Americas	80	40	35
United States of America	70	40	30
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	75	45	30
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	35	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	55	20	35
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0
Philippines	20	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	20	10	15
Australia	20	10	15
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,135	4,935	5,200
In the labour force	4,815	2,520	2,295
Employed	4,320	2,275	2,045
Unemployed	490	250	245
Not in the labour force	5,325	2,415	2,905
Participation rate	47.5	51.1	44.1
Employment rate	42.6	46.1	39.3
Unemployment rate	10.2	9.9	10.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,135	4,935	5,200
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,210	2,330	2,875
Worked	4,925	2,610	2,320
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,550	1,530	1,025
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,375	1,080	1,300
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	42.0	39.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,815	2,520	2,290
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	40	65
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,705	2,480	2,230
Employee	3,880	2,025	1,855
Permanent position	3,355	1,755	1,600
Temporary position	525	275	255
Fixed term (1 year or more)	130	90	40
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	395	185	215
Self-employed¹⁹²	825	455	375
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,815	2,520	2,290
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	40	65
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,705	2,480	2,230
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	35	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	560	160	400
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	210	170	45
3 Health occupations	375	45	330
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	665	270	395
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	50	50
6 Sales and service occupations	1,090	385	710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,040	965	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	220	140	80
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	400	260	140
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,815	2,520	2,290
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	105	40	65
All industries¹⁹¹	4,705	2,480	2,230
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	175	100	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	70	70	0
23 Construction	530	450	75
31-33 Manufacturing	580	390	190
41 Wholesale trade	105	70	30
44-45 Retail trade	510	215	300
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	200	170	35
51 Information and cultural industries	50	20	30
52 Finance and insurance	105	35	70
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	30	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	230	120	110
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	205	110	100
61 Educational services	245	80	165
62 Health care and social assistance	695	95	600
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	100	70	30
72 Accommodation and food services	240	90	150
81 Other services (except public administration)	215	120	100
91 Public administration	360	250	110
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,305	2,770	2,535
English	5,195	2,710	2,480
French	10	10	10
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	75	40	35
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,305	2,770	2,535
Single responses	5,295	2,760	2,535
Official languages	5,285	2,755	2,535
English	5,265	2,745	2,515
French	25	10	15
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	15	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,305	2,770	2,535
None	5,220	2,730	2,490
English	15	0	10
French	55	30	25
Non-official language	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,325	2,275	2,050
Worked at home	875	390	485
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	575	420	150
Usual place of work	2,875	1,460	1,415
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,875	1,460	1,415
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	845	375	470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	555	305	250
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,475	785	690
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,445	1,880	1,570
Car, truck or van	3,315	1,820	1,495
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,130	1,740	1,395
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	185	80	105
Public transit	0	0	0
Walked	75	20	50
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	60	40	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,445	1,880	1,570
Less than 15 minutes	925	465	465
15 to 29 minutes	1,165	665	500
30 to 44 minutes	810	425	385
45 to 59 minutes	175	75	100
60 minutes and over	375	255	120
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,445	1,880	1,570
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	365	260	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	800	465	335
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	850	485	365
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	610	265	345
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	335	120	220
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	490	285	205
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,685	890	795
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135	70	65
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,545	820	730
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,250	665	590
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	50	55
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	25	30
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,150	610	530

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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