Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cobourg, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	20,519	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	19,440	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,520	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,134	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	915.7	...	...	915.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22.41	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	20,520	9,510	11,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,535	1,310	1,225	12.4	13.8	11.1
0 to 4 years	765	385	375	3.7	4.0	3.4
5 to 9 years	845	450	395	4.1	4.7	3.6
10 to 14 years	930	480	455	4.5	5.0	4.1
15 to 64 years	10,995	5,230	5,765	53.6	55.0	52.4
15 to 19 years	965	500	465	4.7	5.3	4.2
20 to 24 years	840	460	380	4.1	4.8	3.5
25 to 29 years	900	430	470	4.4	4.5	4.3
30 to 34 years	1,015	485	525	4.9	5.1	4.8
35 to 39 years	1,085	505	580	5.3	5.3	5.3
40 to 44 years	960	445	520	4.7	4.7	4.7
45 to 49 years	990	480	505	4.8	5.0	4.6
50 to 54 years	1,055	500	550	5.1	5.3	5.0
55 to 59 years	1,505	670	840	7.3	7.0	7.6
60 to 64 years	1,685	760	925	8.2	8.0	8.4
65 years and over	6,985	2,965	4,020	34.0	31.2	36.5
65 to 69 years	1,735	780	950	8.5	8.2	8.6
70 to 74 years	1,810	780	1,025	8.8	8.2	9.3
75 to 79 years	1,295	565	730	6.3	5.9	6.6
80 to 84 years	1,010	400	610	4.9	4.2	5.5
85 years and over	1,140	440	700	5.6	4.6	6.4
85 to 89 years	690	290	395	3.4	3.0	3.6
90 to 94 years	320	115	210	1.6	1.2	1.9
95 to 99 years	125	40	80	0.6	0.4	0.7
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.4	13.8	11.1	12.4	13.8	11.1
15 to 64 years	53.6	55.0	52.4	53.6	55.0	52.4
65 years and over	34.0	31.2	36.5	34.0	31.2	36.5
85 years and over	5.6	4.6	6.4	5.6	4.6	6.4
Average age of the population	49.9	47.8	51.6	49.9	47.8	51.6
Median age of the population	54.8	51.2	56.8	54.8	51.2	56.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,255	...	...	57.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	405	...	...	4.4	...	...
Row house	1,120	...	...	12.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	170	...	...	1.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,785	...	...	19.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	360	...	...	3.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,955	...	...	32.3	...	...
2 persons	3,700	...	...	40.5	...	...
3 persons	1,140	...	...	12.5	...	...
4 persons	875	...	...	9.6	...	...
5 or more persons	465	...	...	5.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,780	9,245	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	17,985	8,195	9,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	10,200	5,075	5,125	56.7	61.9	52.4
Married	8,250	4,100	4,155	45.9	50.0	42.5
Living common-law	1,945	975	975	10.8	11.9	10.0
Living common law - Never married	1,170	585	580	6.5	7.1	5.9
Living common law - Separated	140	65	70	0.8	0.8	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	550	275	275	3.1	3.4	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	85	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	7,785	3,125	4,655	43.3	38.1	47.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,870	2,025	1,840	21.5	24.7	18.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	600	215	390	3.3	2.6	4.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,445	490	960	8.0	6.0	9.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,865	395	1,470	10.4	4.8	15.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,860	...	...	63.6	...	...
3 persons	1,085	...	...	17.9	...	...
4 persons	795	...	...	13.1	...	...
5 or more persons	330	...	...	5.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,995	...	...	82.3	...	...
Married couples	4,020	...	...	66.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,455	...	...	24.0	...	...
Without children	2,565	...	...	42.3	...	...
Common-law couples	975	...	...	16.1	...	...
With children⁶	365	...	...	6.0	...	...
Without children	610	...	...	10.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,080	...	...	17.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	880	...	...	14.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	195	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	19,780	9,245	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,890	7,770	8,115	80.3	84.0	77.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,980	4,970	5,010	50.5	53.8	47.6
Parents in one-parent families	1,075	200	880	5.4	2.2	8.4
Children⁶	4,825	2,605	2,220	24.4	28.2	21.1
In a two-parent family	3,230	1,765	1,460	16.3	19.1	13.9
In a one-parent family	1,595	835	760	8.1	9.0	7.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,895	1,470	2,420	19.7	15.9	23.0
Living alone	2,955	1,005	1,950	14.9	10.9	18.5
Living with other relatives⁷	360	140	220	1.8	1.5	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	575	325	250	2.9	3.5	2.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,470	...	...	59.9	...	...
Couple-family households	4,605	...	...	50.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,660	...	...	18.2	...	...
Without children	2,945	...	...	32.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	860	...	...	9.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	185	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	235	...	...	2.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	245	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	2,955	...	...	32.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	17,245	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,790	7,695	9,095	97.4	97.0	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	46,400	36,800	40,800	46,400	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,805	7,705	9,095	97.4	97.1	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	41,600	33,600	36,800	41,600	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,995	6,955	8,045	87.0	87.6	86.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	39,600	25,800	31,800	39,600	25,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,355	5,225	5,125	60.0	65.8	55.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	36,000	27,800	31,200	36,000	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,545	7,030	8,515	90.1	88.6	91.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,500	12,200	14,300	13,500	12,200	14,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,335	570	770	7.7	7.2	8.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,520	5,520	5,520	5,520	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,805	1,785	2,025	22.1	22.5	21.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	17,245	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,825	7,700	9,125	97.6	97.0	98.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,000	60,550	44,800	52,000	60,550	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,835	7,700	9,125	97.6	97.0	98.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,040	50,120	38,920	44,040	50,120	38,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,005	6,980	8,030	87.0	88.0	86.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,240	55,150	36,600	45,240	55,150	36,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,355	5,240	5,115	60.0	66.0	54.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,600	51,600	37,400	44,600	51,600	37,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,580	7,080	8,500	90.3	89.2	91.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,610	11,470	13,560	12,610	11,470	13,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,330	555	775	7.7	7.0	8.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,295	5,720	6,700	6,295	5,720	6,700
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,860	1,855	2,010	22.4	23.4	21.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,950	8,850	9,040	8,950	8,850	9,040
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	17,240	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,445	2,435	2,015	25.8	30.7	21.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	67,000	54,000	61,200	67,000	54,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	73,900	82,400	63,650	73,900	82,400	63,650
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,095	1,775	2,320	23.8	22.4	24.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,300	16,000	15,100	15,300	16,000	15,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,840	30,120	22,580	25,840	30,120	22,580
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.6	82.6	71.8	77.6	82.6	71.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	52.7	58.0	46.7	52.7	58.0	46.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.4	17.4	28.2	22.4	17.4	28.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.3	1.0	0.7	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	4.0	5.5	4.7	4.0	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.5	4.4	4.0	3.5	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	17,240	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	450	235	215	2.6	3.0	2.3
With total income	16,795	7,695	9,095	97.4	97.0	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,060	430	625	6.3	5.6	6.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,120	795	1,330	12.6	10.3	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,690	1,050	1,645	16.0	13.6	18.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,360	960	1,395	14.1	12.5	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,085	930	1,160	12.4	12.1	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,630	795	835	9.7	10.3	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,215	610	610	7.2	7.9	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	925	510	415	5.5	6.6	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	635	350	285	3.8	4.5	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	515	275	235	3.1	3.6	2.6
$100,000 and over	1,555	1,000	555	9.3	13.0	6.1
$100,000 to $149,999	1,065	645	425	6.3	8.4	4.7
$150,000 and over	490	350	135	2.9	4.5	1.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	17,240	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	445	225	215	2.6	2.8	2.3
With after-tax income	16,800	7,705	9,100	97.4	97.1	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,180	465	715	7.0	6.0	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,235	845	1,390	13.3	11.0	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	3,025	1,195	1,830	18.0	15.5	20.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,805	1,185	1,620	16.7	15.4	17.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,305	1,075	1,235	13.7	14.0	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,655	835	820	9.9	10.8	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,095	600	495	6.5	7.8	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	795	455	340	4.7	5.9	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	625	325	300	3.7	4.2	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	315	200	110	1.9	2.6	1.2
$100,000 and over	755	525	225	4.5	6.8	2.5
$100,000 to $124,999	380	260	120	2.3	3.4	1.3
$125,000 and over	375	270	105	2.2	3.5	1.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	17,240	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,895	2,710	4,180	40.0	34.2	44.9
With employment income	10,355	5,230	5,125	60.1	65.9	55.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,065	1,100	965	19.9	21.0	18.8
$5,000 to $9,999	860	390	470	8.3	7.5	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,180	470	705	11.4	9.0	13.8
$20,000 to $29,999	950	390	560	9.2	7.5	10.9
$30,000 to $39,999	965	425	540	9.3	8.1	10.5
$40,000 to $49,999	815	385	435	7.9	7.4	8.5
$50,000 to $59,999	730	365	370	7.0	7.0	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	595	315	280	5.7	6.0	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	425	260	165	4.1	5.0	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	370	220	150	3.6	4.2	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	360	200	165	3.5	3.8	3.2
$100,000 and over	1,035	710	320	10.0	13.6	6.2
$100,000 to $124,999	525	335	190	5.1	6.4	3.7
$125,000 and over	510	380	130	4.9	7.3	2.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	17,245	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,580	7,575	9,005	96.1	95.5	96.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,600	34,000	38,800	45,600	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,580	7,575	9,010	96.1	95.5	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,400	31,400	35,200	40,400	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,920	6,900	8,020	86.5	87.0	86.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	41,200	27,800	33,200	41,200	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,520	5,270	5,245	61.0	66.4	56.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,800	29,800	33,200	38,800	29,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,885	6,675	8,210	86.3	84.1	88.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,500	7,050	10,800	9,500	7,050	10,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,040	430	605	6.0	5.4	6.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	4,520	5,240	4,880	4,520	5,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	17,245	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,675	7,605	9,070	96.7	95.8	97.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,280	57,350	42,560	49,280	57,350	42,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,685	7,615	9,075	96.8	96.0	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,680	47,600	36,720	41,680	47,600	36,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,990	6,945	8,045	86.9	87.5	86.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,880	54,100	36,880	44,880	54,100	36,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,450	5,240	5,205	60.6	66.0	55.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	51,850	38,520	45,200	51,850	38,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,040	6,765	8,280	87.2	85.3	88.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,930	8,900	10,760	9,930	8,900	10,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,100	505	595	6.4	6.4	6.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,800	6,520	7,000	6,800	6,520	7,000
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	17,240	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,405	2,415	1,995	25.6	30.4	21.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,000	65,000	50,400	58,000	65,000	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,000	77,100	61,400	70,000	77,100	61,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,865	1,680	2,185	22.4	21.2	23.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,200	22,600	20,800	21,200	22,600	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,280	35,760	27,800	31,280	35,760	27,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.8	86.2	77.0	81.8	86.2	77.0
Employment income (%)	57.4	62.3	51.9	57.4	62.3	51.9
Government transfers (%)	18.2	13.8	23.1	18.2	13.8	23.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.8	1.1	0.9	0.8	1.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,135	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,955	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	42,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,175	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,135	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,800	...	...	95,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,200	...	...	81,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,945	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,750	...	...	53,750	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,080	...	...	46,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,185	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,900	...	...	115,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,900	...	...	97,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	345	...	...	3.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	375	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	305	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	420	...	...	4.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	415	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	385	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	755	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	700	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	715	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	625	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	560	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,185	...	...	34.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,090	...	...	11.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	705	...	...	7.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	785	...	...	8.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	610	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	370	...	...	4.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	430	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	400	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	465	...	...	5.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	470	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	430	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	855	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	875	...	...	9.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	820	...	...	9.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	670	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	565	...	...	6.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,415	...	...	26.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,005	...	...	11.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	605	...	...	6.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	805	...	...	8.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,980	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,855	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,005	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,525	1,330	2,195	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	40,400	40,000	40,000	40,400	40,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	36,400	36,400	36,400	36,400	36,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,995	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,300	...	...	115,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,300	...	...	97,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,975	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,800	...	...	108,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,700	...	...	90,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,865	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,200	...	...	146,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,600	...	...	122,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,020	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,200	...	...	76,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,570	1,335	2,230	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,550	55,350	49,280	51,550	55,350	49,280
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,320	46,000	43,320	44,320	46,000	43,320
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	19,780	9,240	10,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,110	1,595	1,520	15.7	17.3	14.4
0 to 5 years	930	480	455	4.7	5.2	4.3
18 to 64 years	10,360	4,920	5,440	52.4	53.2	51.6
65 years and over	6,315	2,735	3,580	31.9	29.6	34.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,930	830	1,095	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	390	195	190	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	120	65	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	965	445	525	...	...	...
65 years and over	575	195	380	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.7	9.0	10.4	9.7	9.0	10.4
0 to 17 years (%)	12.5	12.3	12.6	12.5	12.3	12.6
0 to 5 years (%)	12.8	13.2	12.4	12.8	13.2	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	9.0	9.6	9.3	9.0	9.6
65 years and over (%)	9.1	7.1	10.7	9.1	7.1	10.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	19,780	9,245	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,115	1,595	1,515	15.7	17.3	14.4
0 to 5 years	935	480	455	4.7	5.2	4.3
18 to 64 years	10,355	4,915	5,435	52.4	53.2	51.6
65 years and over	6,310	2,730	3,580	31.9	29.5	34.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	545	270	275	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	105	50	55	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	390	205	185	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	15	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.9	2.6	2.8	2.9	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.4	3.2	3.5	3.4	3.2	3.5
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.4	2.0	2.4	2.4	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.7	4.1	3.4	3.7	4.1	3.4
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.6	1.1	0.9	0.6	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	19,780	9,240	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,200	4,580	5,620	51.6	49.6	53.3
In bottom decile	1,705	780	930	8.6	8.4	8.8
In second decile	2,085	860	1,220	10.5	9.3	11.6
In third decile	2,035	900	1,135	10.3	9.7	10.8
In fourth decile	2,225	1,025	1,205	11.2	11.1	11.4
In fifth decile	2,150	1,020	1,135	10.9	11.0	10.8
In top half of the distribution	9,575	4,660	4,915	48.4	50.4	46.7
In sixth decile	2,200	1,055	1,145	11.1	11.4	10.9
In seventh decile	2,025	955	1,070	10.2	10.3	10.2
In eighth decile	1,820	880	935	9.2	9.5	8.9
In ninth decile	1,920	950	970	9.7	10.3	9.2
In top decile	1,615	825	795	8.2	8.9	7.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	19,780	...	...	19,780	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.324	...	...	0.324	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.458	...	...	0.458	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.281	...	...	0.281	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	20,070	9,365	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	18,545	8,715	9,835	92.4	93.1	91.9
French only	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,470	635	840	7.3	6.8	7.8
Neither English nor French	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	20,070	9,365	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	19,750	9,235	10,510	98.4	98.6	98.2
French	265	110	155	1.3	1.2	1.4
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Neither English nor French	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	20,070	9,365	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,850	9,260	10,585	98.9	98.9	98.9
Official languages	18,600	8,685	9,920	92.7	92.7	92.7
English	18,310	8,565	9,745	91.2	91.5	91.0
French	295	115	175	1.5	1.2	1.6
Non-official languages	1,245	580	665	6.2	6.2	6.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,245	580	665	6.2	6.2	6.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	55	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	105	55	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	90	55	40	0.4	0.6	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	85	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	815	385	430	4.1	4.1	4.0
Albanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	80	90	0.8	0.9	0.8
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	75	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Polish	60	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	300	125	175	1.5	1.3	1.6
Frisian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	160	65	90	0.8	0.7	0.8
German	150	60	85	0.7	0.6	0.8
Pennsylvania German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	125	50	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dutch	110	45	70	0.5	0.5	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	90	55	40	0.4	0.6	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	70	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hindi	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dari	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	105	105	1.0	1.1	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	90	50	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
Portuguese	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Estonian	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Finnish	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	30	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	220	105	120	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and French	70	35	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	120	55	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	20,070	9,365	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,895	8,845	10,055	94.1	94.4	93.9
French	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	200	90	105	1.0	1.0	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	200	90	105	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	170	60	110	0.8	0.6	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	705	330	380	3.5	3.5	3.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	20,070	9,365	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,880	9,275	10,605	99.1	99.0	99.1
Official languages	19,505	9,095	10,410	97.2	97.1	97.2
English	19,465	9,080	10,385	97.0	97.0	97.0
French	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	375	180	195	1.9	1.9	1.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	375	180	195	1.9	1.9	1.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	70	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	175	80	90	0.9	0.9	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	10	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	185	85	100	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and French	10	5	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	165	80	85	0.8	0.9	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	20,070	9,360	10,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	19,280	9,025	10,260	96.1	96.4	95.8
English	165	80	85	0.8	0.9	0.8
French	160	55	105	0.8	0.6	1.0
Non-official language	375	165	215	1.9	1.8	2.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	375	165	215	1.9	1.8	2.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	19,780	9,245	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	19,755	9,235	10,520	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	19,750	9,235	10,515	99.8	99.9	99.8
French	1,475	605	865	7.5	6.5	8.2
Non-official languages	1,630	755	870	8.2	8.2	8.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,630	755	870	8.2	8.2	8.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	125	50	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	45	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,240	590	650	6.3	6.4	6.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	185	95	90	0.9	1.0	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	185	95	90	0.9	1.0	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Russian	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	455	235	220	2.3	2.5	2.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	260	130	130	1.3	1.4	1.2
German	255	125	130	1.3	1.4	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	150	75	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Afrikaans	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dutch	130	60	75	0.7	0.6	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	65	50	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
Danish	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	100	55	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	55	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	500	225	275	2.5	2.4	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	150	70	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Portuguese	110	50	55	0.6	0.5	0.5
Romanian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	265	115	150	1.3	1.2	1.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Korean	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	45	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,780	9,245	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	525	235	290	2.7	2.5	2.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	510	225	285	2.6	2.4	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	335	155	180	1.7	1.7	1.7
Métis	160	60	100	0.8	0.6	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	19,255	9,010	10,245	97.3	97.5	97.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,780	9,245	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	150	70	90	0.8	0.8	0.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,625	9,180	10,450	99.2	99.3	99.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,275	...	...	68.7	...	...
Renter	2,860	...	...	31.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,275	...	...	14.0	...	...
Not condominium	7,860	...	...	86.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
1 bedroom	1,040	...	...	11.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,860	...	...	31.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,380	...	...	37.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,790	...	...	19.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,180	...	...	23.9	...	...
5 rooms	1,295	...	...	14.2	...	...
6 rooms	1,620	...	...	17.7	...	...
7 rooms	1,320	...	...	14.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,715	...	...	29.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,085	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,815	...	...	96.5	...	...
Not suitable	320	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,555	...	...	28.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,200	...	...	24.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	975	...	...	10.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,110	...	...	12.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	515	...	...	5.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	665	...	...	7.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	640	...	...	7.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	475	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,635	...	...	94.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	495	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,745	...	...	51.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,115	...	...	45.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	270	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	90	...	...	1.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	780	...	...	8.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,130	...	...	12.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,075	...	...	11.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,880	...	...	20.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,105	...	...	23.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,455	...	...	15.9	...	...
85 years and over	620	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,045	...	...	77.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,075	...	...	22.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,885	...	...	20.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,625	...	...	28.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,865	...	...	20.4	...	...
Not suitable only	225	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	275	...	...	3.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	160	...	...	1.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,505	...	...	71.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	975	...	...	10.9	...	...
Not in core need	7,955	...	...	89.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,270	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	47.3	...	...	47.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.7	...	...	13.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,292	...	...	1,292	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	616,500	...	...	616,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,855	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.8	...	...	13.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	42.7	...	...	42.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	23.8	...	...	23.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,220	...	...	1,220	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,334	...	...	1,334	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	19,780	9,240	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	185	85	105	0.9	0.9	1.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	160	75	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	145	65	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	590	260	335	3.0	2.8	3.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	590	260	335	3.0	2.8	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	425	185	240	2.1	2.0	2.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	145	70	70	0.7	0.8	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	19,005	8,905	10,100	96.1	96.4	95.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	19,780	9,245	10,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	19,295	9,035	10,260	97.5	97.7	97.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,015	1,545	1,470	15.2	16.7	13.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,280	7,490	8,790	82.3	81.0	83.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	485	205	275	2.5	2.2	2.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	19,780	9,245	10,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,190	8,035	9,160	86.9	86.9	86.9
Immigrants⁸¹	2,550	1,195	1,345	12.9	12.9	12.8
Before 1980	1,610	750	860	8.1	8.1	8.2
1980 to 1990	290	140	150	1.5	1.5	1.4
1991 to 2000	180	100	75	0.9	1.1	0.7
2001 to 2010	170	70	100	0.9	0.8	0.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	300	135	165	1.5	1.5	1.6
2011 to 2015	105	35	70	0.5	0.4	0.7
2016 to 2021	195	100	95	1.0	1.1	0.9
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,550	1,200	1,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	315	125	190	12.4	10.4	14.1
5 to 14 years	560	305	250	22.0	25.4	18.5
15 to 24 years	745	315	435	29.2	26.3	32.2
25 to 44 years	780	385	395	30.6	32.1	29.3
45 years and over	145	65	85	5.7	5.4	6.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,550	1,200	1,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	390	160	230	15.3	13.3	17.0
Brazil	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
Colombia	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	50	15	35	2.0	1.3	2.6
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	70	30	40	2.7	2.5	3.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	10	15	1.0	0.8	1.1
United States of America	145	65	85	5.7	5.4	6.3
Other places of birth in Americas	65	35	30	2.5	2.9	2.2
Europe	1,715	835	885	67.3	69.6	65.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.1
France	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Germany	135	65	65	5.3	5.4	4.8
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	30	10	15	1.2	0.8	1.1
Italy	85	50	40	3.3	4.2	3.0
Netherlands	125	55	70	4.9	4.6	5.2
Poland	20	15	0	0.8	1.3	0.0
Portugal	55	30	30	2.2	2.5	2.2
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	25	15	10	1.0	1.3	0.7
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	1,030	485	545	40.4	40.4	40.4
Other places of birth in Europe	165	100	70	6.5	8.3	5.2
Africa	60	35	25	2.4	2.9	1.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	15	1.2	1.3	1.1
Asia	350	160	190	13.7	13.3	14.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	35	20	20	1.4	1.7	1.5
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	15	25	1.6	1.3	1.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	0	10	0.8	0.0	0.7
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	115	35	75	4.5	2.9	5.6
Viet Nam	20	10	10	0.8	0.8	0.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	25	10	1.2	2.1	0.7
Pakistan	20	10	10	0.8	0.8	0.7
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	30	1.6	1.3	2.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	10	20	1.2	0.8	1.5
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	195	100	90	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	10	10	12.8	10.0	11.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	0	5.1	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	5.1	0.0	0.0
Europe	40	25	15	20.5	25.0	16.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	7.7	10.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	7.7	10.0	0.0
Africa	30	10	15	15.4	10.0	16.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	5.1	0.0	11.1
Asia	95	55	45	48.7	55.0	50.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	10	10.3	15.0	11.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	10	10	10.3	10.0	11.1
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	35	15	15	17.9	15.0	16.7
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	19,780	9,245	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,810	1,325	1,480	14.2	14.3	14.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,300	1,505	1,800	16.7	16.3	17.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	13,670	6,410	7,255	69.1	69.3	68.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	935	445	485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	470	240	235	50.3	53.9	48.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	175	110	70	18.7	24.7	14.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	295	130	165	31.6	29.2	34.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	380	160	220	40.6	36.0	45.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	75	45	30	8.0	10.1	6.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	2.1
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	935	445	485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	50	45	0	5.3	10.1	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	100	60	40	10.7	13.5	8.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	2.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	25	15	4.3	5.6	3.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	10	15	2.1	2.2	3.1
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	715	315	405	76.5	70.8	83.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	19,780	9,245	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	990	430	560	5.0	4.7	5.3
South Asian	160	70	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
Chinese	75	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Black	225	95	130	1.1	1.0	1.2
Filipino	130	60	70	0.7	0.6	0.7
Arab	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Latin American	70	20	55	0.4	0.2	0.5
Southeast Asian	65	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
West Asian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Korean	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Japanese	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,785	8,815	9,975	95.0	95.3	94.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	19,780	9,245	10,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,315	1,535	1,785	16.8	16.6	16.9
English	6,565	2,995	3,570	33.2	32.4	33.9
Irish	5,200	2,340	2,850	26.3	25.3	27.0
Scottish	5,435	2,585	2,855	27.5	28.0	27.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,570	635	935	7.9	6.9	8.9
German	1,700	750	950	8.6	8.1	9.0
Chinese	95	30	65	0.5	0.3	0.6
Italian	690	345	345	3.5	3.7	3.3
Indian (India)	150	60	90	0.8	0.6	0.9
Ukrainian	415	210	200	2.1	2.3	1.9
Dutch	990	515	480	5.0	5.6	4.6
Polish	585	295	290	3.0	3.2	2.8
Québécois	40	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,390	695	695	7.0	7.5	6.6
Filipino	145	65	80	0.7	0.7	0.8
French Canadian	250	110	135	1.3	1.2	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	450	235	225	2.3	2.5	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	280	120	160	1.4	1.3	1.5
Métis	185	90	95	0.9	1.0	0.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	230	130	100	1.2	1.4	0.9
Russian	135	65	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
Norwegian	125	70	55	0.6	0.8	0.5
Welsh	520	235	280	2.6	2.5	2.7
Portuguese	205	85	120	1.0	0.9	1.1
American	210	75	135	1.1	0.8	1.3
Spanish	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Swedish	100	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hungarian	205	95	115	1.0	1.0	1.1
Acadian	75	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Pakistani	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	90	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	225	110	115	1.1	1.2	1.1
Jamaican	95	65	30	0.5	0.7	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Romanian	75	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Lebanese	30	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.1
Iranian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	115	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
Danish	130	65	60	0.7	0.7	0.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	140	70	65	0.7	0.8	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	100	65	30	0.5	0.7	0.3
Belgian	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mennonite	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Swiss	120	50	80	0.6	0.5	0.8
Finnish	105	45	65	0.5	0.5	0.6
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Japanese	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	50	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	80	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Colombian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Moroccan	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czech	40	35	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Syrian	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Guyanese	50	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.3
Afghan	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ojibway	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Newfoundlander	70	50	20	0.4	0.5	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	170	90	75	0.9	1.0	0.7
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovak	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Algonquin	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
South African	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Australian	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Macedonian	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Slovenian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	45	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
African American	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	65	45	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	19,780	9,245	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	65	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Christian	10,940	4,825	6,120	55.3	52.2	58.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	940	385	560	4.8	4.2	5.3
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Anglican	1,890	795	1,100	9.6	8.6	10.4
Baptist	365	180	180	1.8	1.9	1.7
Catholic	3,735	1,755	1,980	18.9	19.0	18.8
Christian Orthodox	165	70	95	0.8	0.8	0.9
Jehovah's Witness	80	25	60	0.4	0.3	0.6
Latter Day Saints	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	160	75	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	235	105	130	1.2	1.1	1.2
Presbyterian	730	325	400	3.7	3.5	3.8
Reformed	85	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
United Church	1,870	765	1,105	9.5	8.3	10.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	620	280	340	3.1	3.0	3.2
Hindu	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jewish	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Muslim	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	155	55	100	0.8	0.6	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	8,450	4,260	4,185	42.7	46.1	39.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	19,660	9,185	10,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,270	8,065	9,205	87.8	87.8	87.9
Movers	2,390	1,125	1,265	12.2	12.2	12.1
Non-migrants	965	470	495	4.9	5.1	4.7
Migrants	1,425	655	775	7.2	7.1	7.4
Internal migrants	1,370	625	740	7.0	6.8	7.1
Intraprovincial migrants	1,320	610	715	6.7	6.6	6.8
Interprovincial migrants	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
External migrants	55	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	19,070	8,885	10,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,160	5,175	5,985	58.5	58.2	58.8
Movers	7,910	3,710	4,200	41.5	41.8	41.2
Non-migrants	2,290	1,070	1,225	12.0	12.0	12.0
Migrants	5,615	2,640	2,975	29.4	29.7	29.2
Internal migrants	5,385	2,550	2,835	28.2	28.7	27.8
Intraprovincial migrants	5,230	2,470	2,760	27.4	27.8	27.1
Interprovincial migrants	155	85	70	0.8	1.0	0.7
External migrants	235	90	145	1.2	1.0	1.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,245	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,885	1,440	1,440	16.7	18.1	15.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,355	6,490	7,870	83.2	81.8	84.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,155	4,255	4,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	955	560	390	10.4	13.2	8.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,205	3,690	4,515	89.6	86.7	92.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,245	7,935	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,540	1,225	1,315	14.7	15.4	14.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,550	2,535	3,010	32.2	31.9	32.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,155	4,175	4,985	53.1	52.6	53.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,675	2,630	3,050	32.9	33.1	32.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,095	825	270	6.3	10.4	2.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	480	325	155	2.8	4.1	1.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	615	505	115	3.6	6.4	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,315	1,700	2,615	25.0	21.4	28.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	105	165	1.6	1.3	1.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,480	1,545	1,930	20.2	19.5	20.7
Bachelor's degree	2,390	1,030	1,360	13.9	13.0	14.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	255	110	145	1.5	1.4	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	40	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Master's degree	625	275	350	3.6	3.5	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	150	85	65	0.9	1.1	0.7
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,160	4,255	4,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	795	460	335	8.7	10.8	6.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,705	1,345	1,355	29.5	31.6	27.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,660	2,450	3,215	61.8	57.6	65.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,540	1,565	1,980	38.6	36.8	40.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	580	445	130	6.3	10.5	2.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	245	175	75	2.7	4.1	1.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	330	275	60	3.6	6.5	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,815	1,055	1,765	30.7	24.8	36.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	60	85	1.6	1.4	1.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,115	885	1,235	23.1	20.8	25.2
Bachelor's degree	1,470	620	850	16.0	14.6	17.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	75	105	2.0	1.8	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	25	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Master's degree	345	135	210	3.8	3.2	4.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	30	50	0.8	0.7	1.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,245	7,930	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,085	3,765	4,325	46.9	47.5	46.5
Education	625	175	450	3.6	2.2	4.8
13. Education	625	175	450	3.6	2.2	4.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	355	155	210	2.1	2.0	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	45	15	0.3	0.6	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	295	105	195	1.7	1.3	2.1
Humanities	610	205	410	3.5	2.6	4.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	0	45	0.3	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	170	50	125	1.0	0.6	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	25	90	0.7	0.3	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	30	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
54. History	125	65	60	0.7	0.8	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,230	385	840	7.1	4.9	9.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	55	70	0.8	0.7	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	245	15	225	1.4	0.2	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	145	55	90	0.8	0.7	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
42. Psychology	245	55	185	1.4	0.7	2.0
45. Social sciences	405	180	225	2.3	2.3	2.4
Business, management and public administration	1,735	720	1,010	10.1	9.1	10.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	235	50	185	1.4	0.6	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,495	670	820	8.7	8.4	8.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	325	185	135	1.9	2.3	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	45	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	40	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	95	85	10	0.6	1.1	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	180	70	1.4	2.3	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200	150	45	1.2	1.9	0.5
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,560	1,480	75	9.0	18.7	0.8
04. Architecture and related services	60	55	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
14. Engineering	205	200	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	410	360	45	2.4	4.5	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	380	370	10	2.2	4.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	315	0	1.8	4.0	0.0
48. Precision production	185	180	0	1.1	2.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	105	100	1.2	1.3	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	125	60	65	0.7	0.8	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	45	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
Health and related fields	1,590	235	1,350	9.2	3.0	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	185	80	105	1.1	1.0	1.1
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,380	145	1,230	8.0	1.8	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	675	345	335	3.9	4.4	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	345	85	255	2.0	1.1	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	245	170	75	1.4	2.1	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	80	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,155	4,255	4,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,500	1,805	1,690	38.2	42.4	34.5
Education	290	80	210	3.2	1.9	4.3
13. Education	290	80	210	3.2	1.9	4.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	230	85	140	2.5	2.0	2.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	205	75	135	2.2	1.8	2.8
Humanities	300	85	215	3.3	2.0	4.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	95	35	60	1.0	0.8	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	10	45	0.6	0.2	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
54. History	40	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	820	235	585	9.0	5.5	11.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	45	60	1.1	1.1	1.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	0	155	1.7	0.0	3.2
22. Legal professions and studies	110	25	85	1.2	0.6	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
42. Psychology	155	25	130	1.7	0.6	2.7
45. Social sciences	245	105	135	2.7	2.5	2.8
Business, management and public administration	1,110	395	710	12.1	9.3	14.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	175	25	145	1.9	0.6	3.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	930	370	560	10.2	8.7	11.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	180	100	85	2.0	2.4	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	45	0.7	0.6	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	50	40	10	0.5	0.9	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	170	135	35	1.9	3.2	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	145	120	25	1.6	2.8	0.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	905	850	55	9.9	20.0	1.1
04. Architecture and related services	35	30	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
14. Engineering	115	115	0	1.3	2.7	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	240	210	35	2.6	4.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	215	205	10	2.3	4.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	185	185	0	2.0	4.3	0.0
48. Precision production	105	105	0	1.1	2.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	70	70	1.5	1.6	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	90	40	45	1.0	0.9	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	30	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
Health and related fields	1,040	160	880	11.4	3.8	17.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	155	65	85	1.7	1.5	1.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	880	95	785	9.6	2.2	16.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	480	255	225	5.2	6.0	4.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	230	80	155	2.5	1.9	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	195	130	65	2.1	3.1	1.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,155	4,255	4,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,500	1,805	1,690	38.2	42.4	34.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,660	2,445	3,215	61.8	57.5	65.5
Location of study inside Canada	5,230	2,280	2,955	57.1	53.6	60.2
Same as province or territory of residence	4,915	2,110	2,805	53.7	49.6	57.2
Different than province or territory of residence	315	175	145	3.4	4.1	3.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	430	170	260	4.7	4.0	5.3
Americas	140	55	85	1.5	1.3	1.7
United States of America	100	45	55	1.1	1.1	1.1
Mexico	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Brazil	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	155	80	70	1.7	1.9	1.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	80	45	35	0.9	1.1	0.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	35	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Africa	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	95	20	75	1.0	0.5	1.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Oceania	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Australia	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	17,245	7,935	9,310	...	...	...
In the labour force	8,765	4,395	4,370	...	...	...
Employed	7,680	3,860	3,820	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,090	535	550	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,480	3,540	4,940	...	...	...
Participation rate	50.8	55.4	46.9	50.8	55.4	46.9
Employment rate	44.5	48.6	41.0	44.5	48.6	41.0
Unemployment rate	12.4	12.2	12.6	12.4	12.2	12.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	17,245	7,930	9,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,320	3,495	4,825	48.2	44.1	51.8
Worked	8,920	4,440	4,485	51.7	56.0	48.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,585	2,520	2,065	26.6	31.8	22.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,340	1,920	2,420	25.2	24.2	26.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	41.6	40.0	40.8	41.6	40.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,765	4,395	4,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	230	120	110	2.6	2.7	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,540	4,275	4,260	97.4	97.3	97.5
Employee	7,315	3,595	3,725	83.5	81.8	85.2
Permanent position	6,345	3,105	3,235	72.4	70.6	74.0
Temporary position	975	485	485	11.1	11.0	11.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	325	155	165	3.7	3.5	3.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	650	330	320	7.4	7.5	7.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,220	680	540	13.9	15.5	12.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,765	4,395	4,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	230	120	110	2.6	2.7	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,540	4,275	4,260	97.4	97.3	97.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	80	45	35	0.9	1.0	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,185	395	795	13.5	9.0	18.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	445	370	75	5.1	8.4	1.7
3 Health occupations	755	100	655	8.6	2.3	15.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,170	355	810	13.3	8.1	18.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	285	120	165	3.3	2.7	3.8
6 Sales and service occupations	2,420	990	1,430	27.6	22.5	32.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,405	1,290	115	16.0	29.4	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	180	140	40	2.1	3.2	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	620	475	145	7.1	10.8	3.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,765	4,395	4,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	230	120	110	2.6	2.7	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	8,540	4,275	4,260	97.4	97.3	97.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
22 Utilities	165	135	25	1.9	3.1	0.6
23 Construction	675	600	75	7.7	13.7	1.7
31-33 Manufacturing	1,015	770	250	11.6	17.5	5.7
41 Wholesale trade	210	140	80	2.4	3.2	1.8
44-45 Retail trade	1,185	515	670	13.5	11.7	15.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	265	210	60	3.0	4.8	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	120	70	50	1.4	1.6	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	255	115	140	2.9	2.6	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	90	85	2.0	2.0	1.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	485	260	230	5.5	5.9	5.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	390	270	120	4.4	6.1	2.7
61 Educational services	570	180	385	6.5	4.1	8.8
62 Health care and social assistance	1,285	160	1,125	14.7	3.6	25.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	250	125	125	2.9	2.8	2.9
72 Accommodation and food services	585	175	410	6.7	4.0	9.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	310	130	180	3.5	3.0	4.1
91 Public administration	500	275	220	5.7	6.3	5.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,495	4,725	4,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,345	4,670	4,680	98.4	98.8	98.0
French	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	90	40	50	0.9	0.8	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,495	4,725	4,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,475	4,720	4,760	99.8	99.9	99.7
Official languages	9,475	4,720	4,760	99.8	99.9	99.7
English	9,435	4,705	4,725	99.4	99.6	99.0
French	40	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.7
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
English and French	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,495	4,725	4,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,380	4,675	4,710	98.8	98.9	98.6
English	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
French	60	30	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official language	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,680	3,860	3,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,460	655	810	19.0	17.0	21.2
Worked outside Canada	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
No fixed workplace address	855	625	230	11.1	16.2	6.0
Usual place of work	5,330	2,565	2,765	69.4	66.5	72.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,330	2,565	2,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,220	1,350	1,870	60.4	52.6	67.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	965	520	445	18.1	20.3	16.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,130	680	450	21.2	26.5	16.3
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,185	3,190	3,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,480	2,905	2,575	88.6	91.1	85.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,995	2,665	2,330	80.8	83.5	77.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	480	235	245	7.8	7.4	8.2
Public transit	70	40	25	1.1	1.3	0.8
Walked	490	185	305	7.9	5.8	10.2
Bicycle	55	20	35	0.9	0.6	1.2
Other method	95	35	60	1.5	1.1	2.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,185	3,190	3,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,365	1,565	1,800	54.4	49.1	60.0
15 to 29 minutes	1,265	645	620	20.5	20.2	20.7
30 to 44 minutes	655	385	270	10.6	12.1	9.0
45 to 59 minutes	455	275	175	7.4	8.6	5.8
60 minutes and over	455	325	130	7.4	10.2	4.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,185	3,190	3,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	525	360	165	8.5	11.3	5.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,235	830	405	20.0	26.0	13.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,305	660	645	21.1	20.7	21.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,255	475	780	20.3	14.9	26.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	735	295	445	11.9	9.2	14.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,135	570	565	18.4	17.9	18.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,185	1,640	1,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	185	100	85	5.8	6.1	5.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,000	1,540	1,460	94.2	93.9	94.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,375	1,220	1,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	140	75	60	5.9	6.1	5.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	15	1.9	2.0	1.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	95	55	40	4.0	4.5	3.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,230	1,145	1,085	93.9	93.9	94.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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