Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Cavan Monaghan, Township (TP)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	10,016	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	8,829	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	13.4	...	...	13.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,704	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,553	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	32.7	...	...	32.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	306.39	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	10,015	4,970	5,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,780	925	855	17.8	18.6	17.0
0 to 4 years	585	305	275	5.8	6.1	5.5
5 to 9 years	605	315	290	6.0	6.3	5.8
10 to 14 years	595	305	290	5.9	6.1	5.8
15 to 64 years	6,125	3,045	3,085	61.2	61.3	61.2
15 to 19 years	495	270	225	4.9	5.4	4.5
20 to 24 years	440	230	210	4.4	4.6	4.2
25 to 29 years	465	235	235	4.6	4.7	4.7
30 to 34 years	635	295	335	6.3	5.9	6.6
35 to 39 years	650	330	325	6.5	6.6	6.4
40 to 44 years	575	275	305	5.7	5.5	6.1
45 to 49 years	575	285	290	5.7	5.7	5.8
50 to 54 years	595	290	305	5.9	5.8	6.1
55 to 59 years	820	400	420	8.2	8.0	8.3
60 to 64 years	870	430	445	8.7	8.7	8.8
65 years and over	2,110	1,005	1,100	21.1	20.2	21.8
65 to 69 years	640	315	330	6.4	6.3	6.5
70 to 74 years	600	300	300	6.0	6.0	6.0
75 to 79 years	365	190	180	3.6	3.8	3.6
80 to 84 years	230	110	125	2.3	2.2	2.5
85 years and over	265	100	170	2.6	2.0	3.4
85 to 89 years	130	50	80	1.3	1.0	1.6
90 to 94 years	95	40	50	0.9	0.8	1.0
95 to 99 years	35	5	35	0.3	0.1	0.7
100 years and over	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.8	18.6	17.0	17.8	18.6	17.0
15 to 64 years	61.2	61.3	61.2	61.2	61.3	61.2
65 years and over	21.1	20.2	21.8	21.1	20.2	21.8
85 years and over	2.6	2.0	3.4	2.6	2.0	3.4
Average age of the population	43.2	42.4	44.0	43.2	42.4	44.0
Median age of the population	44.8	43.6	45.6	44.8	43.6	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,360	...	...	94.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	25	...	...	0.7	...	...
Row house	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	110	...	...	3.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	555	...	...	15.6	...	...
2 persons	1,370	...	...	38.6	...	...
3 persons	635	...	...	17.9	...	...
4 persons	615	...	...	17.3	...	...
5 or more persons	390	...	...	11.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,765	4,885	4,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,230	4,045	4,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,495	2,745	2,750	66.8	67.9	65.7
Married	4,565	2,280	2,285	55.5	56.4	54.6
Living common-law	925	465	465	11.2	11.5	11.1
Living common law - Never married	590	290	295	7.2	7.2	7.0
Living common law - Separated	55	30	25	0.7	0.7	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	260	135	130	3.2	3.3	3.1
Living common law - Widowed	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	2,735	1,305	1,435	33.2	32.3	34.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,675	915	765	20.4	22.6	18.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	195	80	115	2.4	2.0	2.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	380	190	185	4.6	4.7	4.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	485	115	370	5.9	2.8	8.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,530	...	...	50.4	...	...
3 persons	630	...	...	20.8	...	...
4 persons	605	...	...	19.9	...	...
5 or more persons	270	...	...	8.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,715	...	...	89.5	...	...
Married couples	2,250	...	...	74.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,165	...	...	38.4	...	...
Without children	1,090	...	...	35.9	...	...
Common-law couples	460	...	...	15.2	...	...
With children⁶	210	...	...	6.9	...	...
Without children	250	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	320	...	...	10.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	235	...	...	7.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	85	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,815	4,455	4,360	90.2	91.1	89.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,430	2,715	2,720	55.6	55.5	55.7
Parents in one-parent families	320	90	230	3.3	1.8	4.7
Children⁶	3,065	1,660	1,410	31.4	33.9	28.9
In a two-parent family	2,565	1,375	1,190	26.3	28.1	24.4
In a one-parent family	500	280	215	5.1	5.7	4.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	955	435	520	9.8	8.9	10.7
Living alone	550	260	295	5.6	5.3	6.0
Living with other relatives⁷	185	70	115	1.9	1.4	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	215	105	110	2.2	2.1	2.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,640	...	...	74.3	...	...
Couple-family households	2,430	...	...	68.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,245	...	...	35.0	...	...
Without children	1,190	...	...	33.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	215	...	...	6.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	150	...	...	4.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	1.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	100	...	...	2.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	75	...	...	2.1	...	...
One-person households	550	...	...	15.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,985	3,965	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,750	3,820	3,930	97.1	96.3	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	54,400	39,200	46,000	54,400	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,755	3,820	3,930	97.1	96.3	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	47,600	34,800	40,800	47,600	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,150	3,595	3,555	89.5	90.7	88.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	49,200	30,600	40,000	49,200	30,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,780	3,035	2,745	72.4	76.5	68.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	47,200	34,400	39,600	47,200	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,880	3,345	3,540	86.2	84.4	88.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,700	7,400	9,900	8,700	7,400	9,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	695	305	385	8.7	7.7	9.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,960	5,480	6,120	5,960	5,480	6,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,800	865	935	22.5	21.8	23.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,980	3,965	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,685	3,775	3,905	96.3	95.2	97.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,200	72,000	48,720	60,200	72,000	48,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,685	3,775	3,905	96.3	95.2	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,360	57,850	41,120	49,360	57,850	41,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,110	3,610	3,505	89.1	91.0	87.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,300	67,200	43,000	55,300	67,200	43,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,775	3,055	2,725	72.4	77.0	67.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,100	61,250	41,800	52,100	61,250	41,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,805	3,245	3,555	85.3	81.8	88.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,150	9,060	11,150	10,150	9,060	11,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	655	335	320	8.2	8.4	8.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,280	6,480	8,100	7,280	6,480	8,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,670	825	845	20.9	20.8	21.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,580	8,260	8,880	8,580	8,260	8,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,985	3,965	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,860	1,625	1,240	35.8	41.0	30.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	78,500	57,200	67,500	78,500	57,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,200	91,900	65,000	80,200	91,900	65,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,025	910	1,115	25.4	23.0	27.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,600	17,400	16,200	16,600	17,400	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,120	35,600	25,650	30,120	35,600	25,650
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.0	89.2	79.2	85.0	89.2	79.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	65.0	68.8	59.9	65.0	68.8	59.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.0	10.8	20.8	15.0	10.8	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.8	1.4	1.0	0.8	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.6	2.8	4.9	3.6	2.8	4.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.1	2.5	4.0	3.1	2.5	4.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,980	3,965	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	235	140	90	2.9	3.5	2.2
With total income	7,750	3,825	3,925	97.1	96.5	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	600	240	360	7.7	6.3	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	885	320	560	11.4	8.4	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	985	400	585	12.7	10.5	14.9
$30,000 to $39,999	870	370	500	11.2	9.7	12.7
$40,000 to $49,999	890	430	465	11.5	11.2	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	730	360	370	9.4	9.4	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	560	295	270	7.2	7.7	6.9
$70,000 to $79,999	475	265	210	6.1	6.9	5.4
$80,000 to $89,999	360	215	140	4.6	5.6	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	325	185	140	4.2	4.8	3.6
$100,000 and over	1,080	745	330	13.9	19.5	8.4
$100,000 to $149,999	735	485	255	9.5	12.7	6.5
$150,000 and over	340	265	80	4.4	6.9	2.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,980	3,965	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	230	140	90	2.9	3.5	2.2
With after-tax income	7,750	3,825	3,930	97.1	96.5	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	650	250	395	8.4	6.5	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	930	340	585	12.0	8.9	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,105	450	655	14.3	11.8	16.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,070	465	600	13.8	12.2	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	1,025	520	510	13.2	13.6	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	800	425	370	10.3	11.1	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	600	345	250	7.7	9.0	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	435	265	170	5.6	6.9	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	385	205	180	5.0	5.4	4.6
$90,000 to $99,999	240	165	75	3.1	4.3	1.9
$100,000 and over	525	390	130	6.8	10.2	3.3
$100,000 to $124,999	270	195	75	3.5	5.1	1.9
$125,000 and over	255	200	55	3.3	5.2	1.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,980	3,965	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,205	930	1,275	27.6	23.5	31.8
With employment income	5,780	3,035	2,740	72.4	76.5	68.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,040	590	450	18.0	19.4	16.4
$5,000 to $9,999	385	170	215	6.7	5.6	7.8
$10,000 to $19,999	600	250	350	10.4	8.2	12.8
$20,000 to $29,999	445	190	255	7.7	6.3	9.3
$30,000 to $39,999	440	180	260	7.6	5.9	9.5
$40,000 to $49,999	445	210	240	7.7	6.9	8.8
$50,000 to $59,999	440	210	225	7.6	6.9	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	375	200	175	6.5	6.6	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	295	170	130	5.1	5.6	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	260	165	95	4.5	5.4	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	280	155	125	4.8	5.1	4.6
$100,000 and over	785	565	215	13.6	18.6	7.8
$100,000 to $124,999	390	265	130	6.7	8.7	4.7
$125,000 and over	390	300	90	6.7	9.9	3.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,985	3,965	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,585	3,750	3,835	95.0	94.6	95.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	54,800	38,000	46,000	54,800	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,590	3,750	3,840	95.1	94.6	95.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	47,600	34,400	40,800	47,600	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,080	3,555	3,525	88.7	89.7	87.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	51,600	33,200	42,000	51,600	33,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,890	3,085	2,800	73.8	77.8	69.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	51,200	36,400	42,000	51,200	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,525	3,180	3,340	81.7	80.2	83.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,960	1,340	6,280	3,960	1,340	6,280
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	635	275	360	8.0	6.9	9.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,280	6,160	5,520	5,280	6,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,980	3,965	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,560	3,725	3,835	94.7	93.9	95.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,850	73,900	46,160	59,850	73,900	46,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,575	3,730	3,840	94.9	94.1	95.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,560	58,650	38,760	48,560	58,650	38,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,085	3,595	3,490	88.8	90.7	86.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,950	71,000	42,440	56,950	71,000	42,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,915	3,125	2,795	74.1	78.8	69.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,800	64,500	41,800	53,800	64,500	41,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,525	3,195	3,330	81.8	80.6	82.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,480	6,315	8,600	7,480	6,315	8,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	625	280	345	7.8	7.1	8.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,360	5,720	8,680	7,360	5,720	8,680
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,985	3,965	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,880	1,630	1,250	36.1	41.1	31.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000	79,000	53,200	64,000	79,000	53,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,500	91,000	59,900	77,500	91,000	59,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,940	895	1,050	24.3	22.6	26.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800	28,000	23,000	25,800	28,000	23,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	38,840	46,200	32,600	38,840	46,200	32,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.2	92.6	83.8	89.2	92.6	83.8
Employment income (%)	70.4	73.2	66.0	70.4	73.2	66.0
Government transfers (%)	10.8	7.3	16.2	10.8	7.3	16.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.6	1.7	1.0	0.6	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,550	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	550	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...	48,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,800	...	...	42,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,000	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	130,200	...	...	130,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	106,700	...	...	106,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,200	...	...	60,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...	50,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,005	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	143,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	2.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	1.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	1.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	80	...	...	2.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	80	...	...	2.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...	2.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	190	...	...	5.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	220	...	...	6.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	220	...	...	6.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	225	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	200	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,970	...	...	55.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	505	...	...	14.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	405	...	...	11.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	560	...	...	15.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	505	...	...	14.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	2.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	1.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	75	...	...	2.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	2.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	2.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	245	...	...	6.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	295	...	...	8.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	260	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	260	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	7.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,620	...	...	45.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	560	...	...	15.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	415	...	...	11.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	640	...	...	18.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,945	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,215	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	151,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	770	365	405	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	49,600	38,800	43,200	49,600	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	44,000	35,200	38,800	44,000	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,955	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	142,400	...	...	142,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,400	...	...	116,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,185	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,800	...	...	98,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,380	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	172,800	...	...	172,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	300	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	730	365	360	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,300	68,400	45,800	57,300	68,400	45,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,300	56,000	40,400	48,300	56,000	40,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,765	4,890	4,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,105	1,105	1,000	21.6	22.6	20.5
0 to 5 years	720	390	330	7.4	8.0	6.8
18 to 64 years	5,775	2,845	2,930	59.1	58.2	60.1
65 years and over	1,885	940	950	19.3	19.2	19.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	535	245	295	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	95	45	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	300	135	165	...	...	...
65 years and over	145	65	85	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.5	5.0	6.0	5.5	5.0	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.3	4.4	4.2	4.3	4.4	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	4.6	5.7	5.2	4.6	5.7
65 years and over (%)	7.9	7.0	8.8	7.9	7.0	8.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,110	1,105	1,005	21.6	22.6	20.6
0 to 5 years	720	390	325	7.4	8.0	6.7
18 to 64 years	5,770	2,845	2,930	59.1	58.2	60.0
65 years and over	1,890	940	945	19.3	19.2	19.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	160	75	80	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	20	10	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	120	60	60	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	10	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	0.9	0.5	1.2	0.9	0.5	1.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1
65 years and over (%)	0.9	1.0	0.8	0.9	1.0	0.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,765	4,890	4,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	3,715	1,805	1,905	38.0	36.9	39.1
In bottom decile	500	230	265	5.1	4.7	5.4
In second decile	555	255	300	5.7	5.2	6.2
In third decile	665	305	360	6.8	6.2	7.4
In fourth decile	905	470	435	9.3	9.6	8.9
In fifth decile	1,090	550	540	11.2	11.2	11.1
In top half of the distribution	6,055	3,080	2,970	62.0	63.0	60.9
In sixth decile	1,135	570	565	11.6	11.7	11.6
In seventh decile	1,055	505	550	10.8	10.3	11.3
In eighth decile	1,345	695	650	13.8	14.2	13.3
In ninth decile	1,255	655	600	12.9	13.4	12.3
In top decile	1,270	660	610	13.0	13.5	12.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,770	...	...	9,770	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.294	...	...	0.294	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.387	...	...	0.387	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.260	...	...	0.260	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	9,120	4,630	4,495	93.3	94.7	92.1
French only	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and French	610	250	360	6.2	5.1	7.4
Neither English nor French	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,630	4,840	4,790	98.6	99.0	98.2
French	90	35	55	0.9	0.7	1.1
English and French	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Neither English nor French	30	5	25	0.3	0.1	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,640	4,835	4,800	98.7	98.9	98.4
Official languages	9,230	4,640	4,585	94.5	94.9	94.0
English	9,135	4,600	4,535	93.5	94.1	92.9
French	90	40	50	0.9	0.8	1.0
Non-official languages	415	200	215	4.2	4.1	4.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	415	200	215	4.2	4.1	4.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	270	135	130	2.8	2.8	2.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Polish	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	95	50	50	1.0	1.0	1.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
German	50	25	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	35	20	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Spanish	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Chinese languages	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	125	50	75	1.3	1.0	1.5
English and French	70	20	50	0.7	0.4	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,340	4,700	4,640	95.6	96.1	95.1
French	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-official language	70	30	45	0.7	0.6	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	70	30	45	0.7	0.6	0.9
English and French	100	40	60	1.0	0.8	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	215	105	105	2.2	2.1	2.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,710	4,865	4,845	99.4	99.5	99.3
Official languages	9,590	4,810	4,775	98.2	98.4	97.8
English	9,555	4,795	4,755	97.8	98.1	97.4
French	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Non-official languages	125	50	75	1.3	1.0	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	125	50	75	1.3	1.0	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
German	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
Chinese languages	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	55	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
English and French	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,765	4,890	4,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,490	4,765	4,725	97.2	97.4	96.9
English	55	20	30	0.6	0.4	0.6
French	75	30	40	0.8	0.6	0.8
Non-official language	130	65	65	1.3	1.3	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	130	65	65	1.3	1.3	1.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,765	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	9,745	4,880	4,865	99.8	99.8	99.7
English	9,745	4,880	4,865	99.8	99.8	99.7
French	610	240	365	6.2	4.9	7.5
Non-official languages	695	350	340	7.1	7.2	7.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	690	345	340	7.1	7.1	7.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	30	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	515	245	270	5.3	5.0	5.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	65	55	1.2	1.3	1.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	65	55	1.2	1.3	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	80	35	40	0.8	0.7	0.8
Russian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	180	80	100	1.8	1.6	2.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	105	55	50	1.1	1.1	1.0
German	80	45	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	25	40	0.7	0.5	0.8
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dutch	55	20	35	0.6	0.4	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	45	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	35	0.8	0.8	0.7
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	55	35	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	60	80	1.4	1.2	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Portuguese	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Romanian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	60	15	50	0.6	0.3	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Chinese languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	295	130	170	3.0	2.7	3.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	280	125	160	2.9	2.6	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	190	80	105	1.9	1.6	2.2
Métis	90	45	50	0.9	0.9	1.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	9,475	4,765	4,710	97.0	97.4	96.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	95	50	45	1.0	1.0	0.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,675	4,840	4,835	99.0	99.0	99.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,240	...	...	91.1	...	...
Renter	310	...	...	8.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	0.6	...	...
Not condominium	3,535	...	...	99.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	105	...	...	3.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	335	...	...	9.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,605	...	...	45.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,505	...	...	42.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	245	...	...	6.9	...	...
5 rooms	325	...	...	9.1	...	...
6 rooms	600	...	...	16.9	...	...
7 rooms	645	...	...	18.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,735	...	...	48.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,540	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,470	...	...	97.6	...	...
Not suitable	85	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	850	...	...	23.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	895	...	...	25.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	710	...	...	20.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	280	...	...	7.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	185	...	...	5.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	160	...	...	4.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	85	...	...	2.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	380	...	...	10.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,355	...	...	94.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	195	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,335	...	...	37.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,080	...	...	58.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	140	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	0.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	380	...	...	10.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	545	...	...	15.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	630	...	...	17.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	905	...	...	25.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	690	...	...	19.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	335	...	...	9.4	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,930	...	...	86.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	465	...	...	13.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	430	...	...	12.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	700	...	...	19.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	430	...	...	12.1	...	...
Not suitable only	75	...	...	2.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	155	...	...	4.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,850	...	...	80.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,365	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	155	...	...	4.6	...	...
Not in core need	3,210	...	...	95.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,105	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.9	...	...	60.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.8	...	...	11.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,420	...	...	1,420	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,578	...	...	1,578	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	700,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	740,000	...	...	740,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	300	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.7	...	...	11.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.7	...	...	36.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.2	...	...	17.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,190	...	...	1,190	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300	...	...	1,300	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,765	4,885	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	80	45	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	80	45	40	0.8	0.9	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	60	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
Métis single ancestry	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	285	125	165	2.9	2.6	3.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	280	120	165	2.9	2.5	3.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	195	70	125	2.0	1.4	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	45	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	9,400	4,725	4,680	96.3	96.7	95.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,765	4,890	4,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,645	4,830	4,815	98.8	98.8	98.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,140	1,135	1,000	21.9	23.2	20.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,505	3,695	3,815	76.9	75.6	78.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	115	55	60	1.2	1.1	1.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,765	4,890	4,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	9,000	4,510	4,490	92.2	92.2	92.1
Immigrants⁸¹	755	365	385	7.7	7.5	7.9
Before 1980	370	190	175	3.8	3.9	3.6
1980 to 1990	115	55	60	1.2	1.1	1.2
1991 to 2000	90	40	55	0.9	0.8	1.1
2001 to 2010	90	45	50	0.9	0.9	1.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	80	35	50	0.8	0.7	1.0
2011 to 2015	55	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.6
2016 to 2021	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	755	365	390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	120	60	65	15.9	16.4	16.7
5 to 14 years	195	115	85	25.8	31.5	21.8
15 to 24 years	130	55	75	17.2	15.1	19.2
25 to 44 years	240	115	125	31.8	31.5	32.1
45 years and over	60	20	40	7.9	5.5	10.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	755	365	390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	115	45	70	15.2	12.3	17.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	15	15	0	2.0	4.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	20	0	2.6	5.5	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.6
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	0	35	5.3	0.0	9.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.6
Europe	430	210	225	57.0	57.5	57.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	70	40	30	9.3	11.0	7.7
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	25	15	15	3.3	4.1	3.8
Netherlands	40	15	20	5.3	4.1	5.1
Poland	35	15	20	4.6	4.1	5.1
Portugal	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.6
Romania	15	10	10	2.0	2.7	2.6
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	160	75	90	21.2	20.5	23.1
Other places of birth in Europe	60	30	30	7.9	8.2	7.7
Africa	35	25	15	4.6	6.8	3.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	0	2.6	2.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	1.3	2.7	0.0
Asia	165	85	80	21.9	23.3	20.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	0	15	2.6	0.0	3.8
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	35	10	20	4.6	2.7	5.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	25	20	6.0	6.8	5.1
Pakistan	15	15	0	2.0	4.1	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	15	0	2.6	4.1	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30	0	20	100.0	0.0	100.0
Americas	10	0	10	33.3	0.0	50.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	0	10	66.7	0.0	50.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,765	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	825	400	425	8.4	8.2	8.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,475	755	720	15.1	15.4	14.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,470	3,735	3,735	76.5	76.4	76.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	380	170	210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	215	95	125	56.6	55.9	59.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	100	55	40	26.3	32.4	19.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	115	35	80	30.3	20.6	38.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	95	35	70	25.0	20.6	33.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55	40	20	14.5	23.5	9.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	10	0	3.9	5.9	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	380	170	210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	15	10	6.6	8.8	4.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	0	15	6.6	0.0	7.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	0	20	5.3	0.0	9.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	10	3.9	5.9	4.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	290	135	160	76.3	79.4	76.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	520	285	230	5.3	5.8	4.7
South Asian	175	125	50	1.8	2.6	1.0
Chinese	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Black	185	100	90	1.9	2.0	1.8
Filipino	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
Arab	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latin American	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Southeast Asian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,250	4,605	4,645	94.7	94.2	95.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,765	4,890	4,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,685	870	815	17.3	17.8	16.7
English	3,405	1,660	1,745	34.9	33.9	35.8
Irish	2,835	1,350	1,485	29.0	27.6	30.5
Scottish	2,560	1,225	1,335	26.2	25.1	27.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	830	400	425	8.5	8.2	8.7
German	945	485	460	9.7	9.9	9.4
Chinese	40	30	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Italian	415	235	185	4.2	4.8	3.8
Indian (India)	55	40	15	0.6	0.8	0.3
Ukrainian	285	140	145	2.9	2.9	3.0
Dutch	805	440	365	8.2	9.0	7.5
Polish	340	150	190	3.5	3.1	3.9
Québécois	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	440	225	220	4.5	4.6	4.5
Filipino	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.7
French Canadian	75	30	45	0.8	0.6	0.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	290	140	155	3.0	2.9	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	160	55	105	1.6	1.1	2.2
Métis	115	60	55	1.2	1.2	1.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	230	135	100	2.4	2.8	2.1
Russian	25	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Norwegian	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
Welsh	160	80	80	1.6	1.6	1.6
Portuguese	135	60	75	1.4	1.2	1.5
American	130	55	70	1.3	1.1	1.4
Spanish	45	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Swedish	60	35	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Hungarian	140	75	70	1.4	1.5	1.4
Acadian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Pakistani	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Jamaican	75	45	25	0.8	0.9	0.5
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	85	45	30	0.9	0.9	0.6
Danish	125	75	55	1.3	1.5	1.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Belgian	50	30	10	0.5	0.6	0.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	75	25	55	0.8	0.5	1.1
Finnish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	65	35	30	0.7	0.7	0.6
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	70	55	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Newfoundlander	90	55	40	0.9	1.1	0.8
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	120	65	55	1.2	1.3	1.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Algonquin	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,770	4,890	4,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Christian	5,255	2,485	2,770	53.8	50.8	56.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	535	250	285	5.5	5.1	5.8
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	685	300	390	7.0	6.1	8.0
Baptist	90	60	35	0.9	1.2	0.7
Catholic	1,735	830	905	17.8	17.0	18.5
Christian Orthodox	55	35	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	75	30	40	0.8	0.6	0.8
Latter Day Saints	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Lutheran	65	40	30	0.7	0.8	0.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	185	85	100	1.9	1.7	2.0
Presbyterian	250	110	140	2.6	2.2	2.9
Reformed	50	10	35	0.5	0.2	0.7
United Church	1,095	515	585	11.2	10.5	12.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	395	215	180	4.0	4.4	3.7
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	55	20	30	0.6	0.4	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	4,345	2,325	2,020	44.5	47.5	41.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,660	4,840	4,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,605	4,315	4,285	89.1	89.2	88.8
Movers	1,060	525	535	11.0	10.8	11.1
Non-migrants	235	125	110	2.4	2.6	2.3
Migrants	825	400	430	8.5	8.3	8.9
Internal migrants	825	400	430	8.5	8.3	8.9
Intraprovincial migrants	810	390	425	8.4	8.1	8.8
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	9,230	4,590	4,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,065	3,060	3,000	65.7	66.7	64.7
Movers	3,165	1,535	1,630	34.3	33.4	35.2
Non-migrants	430	215	215	4.7	4.7	4.6
Migrants	2,735	1,315	1,420	29.6	28.6	30.6
Internal migrants	2,685	1,300	1,390	29.1	28.3	30.0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,610	1,265	1,345	28.3	27.6	29.0
Interprovincial migrants	75	35	45	0.8	0.8	1.0
External migrants	50	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,985	3,965	4,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,365	795	570	17.1	20.1	14.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,620	3,170	3,450	82.9	79.9	85.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,170	2,540	2,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	490	300	195	9.5	11.8	7.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,680	2,245	2,435	90.5	88.4	92.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,985	3,965	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,235	710	525	15.5	17.9	13.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,110	1,080	1,030	26.4	27.2	25.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,635	2,170	2,465	58.0	54.7	61.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,115	1,555	1,550	39.0	39.2	38.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	600	480	120	7.5	12.1	3.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	175	105	75	2.2	2.6	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	425	380	45	5.3	9.6	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,410	1,030	1,375	30.2	26.0	34.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	45	60	1.3	1.1	1.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,530	610	915	19.2	15.4	22.8
Bachelor's degree	1,080	410	670	13.5	10.3	16.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	45	65	1.4	1.1	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	40	25	0.8	1.0	0.6
Master's degree	245	105	135	3.1	2.6	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,165	2,540	2,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	420	250	165	8.1	9.8	6.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,270	710	555	24.6	28.0	21.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,475	1,570	1,905	67.3	61.8	72.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,315	1,140	1,180	44.8	44.9	44.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	410	325	90	7.9	12.8	3.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	115	70	50	2.2	2.8	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	290	260	35	5.6	10.2	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,835	785	1,055	35.5	30.9	40.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	35	40	1.4	1.4	1.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,160	430	725	22.5	16.9	27.6
Bachelor's degree	830	290	545	16.1	11.4	20.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	35	60	1.8	1.4	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	25	1.1	1.2	1.0
Master's degree	165	65	105	3.2	2.6	4.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,985	3,965	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,345	1,795	1,555	41.9	45.3	38.7
Education	305	65	235	3.8	1.6	5.8
13. Education	305	65	235	3.8	1.6	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	65	50	1.4	1.6	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	50	50	1.2	1.3	1.2
Humanities	170	40	130	2.1	1.0	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	50	10	40	0.6	0.3	1.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	555	120	435	7.0	3.0	10.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	15	35	0.6	0.4	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	140	0	135	1.8	0.0	3.4
22. Legal professions and studies	95	15	80	1.2	0.4	2.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	85	30	55	1.1	0.8	1.4
45. Social sciences	180	60	115	2.3	1.5	2.9
Business, management and public administration	750	240	510	9.4	6.1	12.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	0	55	0.8	0.0	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	680	235	450	8.5	5.9	11.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	75	95	2.1	1.9	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	35	65	1.2	0.9	1.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	30	25	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	80	15	1.3	2.0	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	70	15	1.1	1.8	0.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,160	1,100	65	14.5	27.7	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	20	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
14. Engineering	120	105	15	1.5	2.6	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	295	255	40	3.7	6.4	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	280	270	10	3.5	6.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	325	325	0	4.1	8.2	0.0
48. Precision production	125	125	0	1.6	3.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	180	100	80	2.3	2.5	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	120	65	50	1.5	1.6	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	40	25	0.8	1.0	0.6
Health and related fields	785	105	685	9.8	2.6	17.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	110	45	60	1.4	1.1	1.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	655	45	610	8.2	1.1	15.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	340	175	160	4.3	4.4	4.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	135	15	120	1.7	0.4	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	95	40	1.8	2.4	1.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	60	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,165	2,540	2,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,695	965	725	32.8	38.0	27.6
Education	200	25	170	3.9	1.0	6.5
13. Education	200	25	170	3.9	1.0	6.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	55	30	1.5	2.2	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	40	25	1.3	1.6	1.0
Humanities	100	15	85	1.9	0.6	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	30	0.7	0.4	1.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	25	0.5	0.0	1.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	445	90	355	8.6	3.5	13.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	30	0.8	0.6	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	0	110	2.2	0.0	4.2
22. Legal professions and studies	90	15	70	1.7	0.6	2.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	10	50	1.2	0.4	1.9
45. Social sciences	135	45	85	2.6	1.8	3.2
Business, management and public administration	605	190	415	11.7	7.5	15.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	565	190	380	10.9	7.5	14.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	55	75	2.5	2.2	2.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	35	55	1.6	1.4	2.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	70	10	1.5	2.8	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	65	10	1.5	2.6	0.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	825	770	55	16.0	30.3	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
14. Engineering	95	80	15	1.8	3.1	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	195	170	25	3.8	6.7	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	215	205	10	4.2	8.1	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	225	225	0	4.4	8.9	0.0
48. Precision production	85	85	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	80	75	3.0	3.1	2.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	45	45	1.8	1.8	1.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	35	25	1.3	1.4	1.0
Health and related fields	595	80	515	11.5	3.1	19.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	40	50	1.7	1.6	1.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	485	30	455	9.4	1.2	17.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	255	140	115	4.9	5.5	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	90	10	80	1.7	0.4	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	110	80	30	2.1	3.1	1.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	50	0	1.0	2.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,165	2,540	2,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,695	965	725	32.8	38.0	27.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,480	1,570	1,905	67.4	61.8	72.6
Location of study inside Canada	3,310	1,510	1,800	64.1	59.4	68.6
Same as province or territory of residence	3,185	1,450	1,730	61.7	57.1	65.9
Different than province or territory of residence	125	60	70	2.4	2.4	2.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	160	60	100	3.1	2.4	3.8
Americas	80	25	50	1.5	1.0	1.9
United States of America	65	20	40	1.3	0.8	1.5
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	15	25	0.9	0.6	1.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Australia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,985	3,965	4,020	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,120	2,710	2,415	...	...	...
Employed	4,650	2,470	2,185	...	...	...
Unemployed	470	240	235	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,860	1,255	1,605	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.1	68.3	60.1	64.1	68.3	60.1
Employment rate	58.2	62.3	54.4	58.2	62.3	54.4
Unemployment rate	9.2	8.9	9.7	9.2	8.9	9.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,985	3,965	4,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,825	1,280	1,540	35.4	32.3	38.3
Worked	5,160	2,680	2,480	64.6	67.6	61.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,950	1,670	1,280	36.9	42.1	31.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,210	1,010	1,200	27.7	25.5	29.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	43.1	41.9	42.5	43.1	41.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,120	2,710	2,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	75	60	2.6	2.8	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,990	2,635	2,350	97.5	97.2	97.3
Employee	4,015	2,040	1,975	78.4	75.3	81.8
Permanent position	3,495	1,740	1,755	68.3	64.2	72.7
Temporary position	520	305	220	10.2	11.3	9.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	130	50	80	2.5	1.8	3.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	390	255	140	7.6	9.4	5.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	970	590	375	18.9	21.8	15.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,120	2,710	2,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	75	60	2.6	2.8	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,990	2,635	2,350	97.5	97.2	97.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	30	20	1.0	1.1	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	830	220	605	16.2	8.1	25.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	330	265	60	6.4	9.8	2.5
3 Health occupations	420	55	365	8.2	2.0	15.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	580	150	430	11.3	5.5	17.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	150	85	65	2.9	3.1	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	990	405	585	19.3	14.9	24.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,130	1,055	75	22.1	38.9	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	255	180	80	5.0	6.6	3.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	250	185	65	4.9	6.8	2.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,120	2,710	2,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	75	60	2.6	2.8	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	4,990	2,635	2,350	97.5	97.2	97.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	210	130	80	4.1	4.8	3.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
22 Utilities	185	155	30	3.6	5.7	1.2
23 Construction	635	575	60	12.4	21.2	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	395	290	105	7.7	10.7	4.3
41 Wholesale trade	190	140	45	3.7	5.2	1.9
44-45 Retail trade	440	175	265	8.6	6.5	11.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	220	165	60	4.3	6.1	2.5
51 Information and cultural industries	95	65	35	1.9	2.4	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	185	70	115	3.6	2.6	4.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80	35	45	1.6	1.3	1.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	355	150	210	6.9	5.5	8.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	210	140	75	4.1	5.2	3.1
61 Educational services	370	100	270	7.2	3.7	11.2
62 Health care and social assistance	710	85	620	13.9	3.1	25.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80	45	35	1.6	1.7	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	130	40	90	2.5	1.5	3.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	210	125	90	4.1	4.6	3.7
91 Public administration	270	140	130	5.3	5.2	5.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,475	2,865	2,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,350	2,825	2,525	97.7	98.6	96.7
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	85	20	65	1.6	0.7	2.5
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.5	0.5	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,475	2,865	2,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,440	2,850	2,590	99.4	99.5	99.2
Official languages	5,430	2,845	2,590	99.2	99.3	99.2
English	5,415	2,845	2,570	98.9	99.3	98.5
French	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	35	15	20	0.6	0.5	0.8
English and French	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,475	2,865	2,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	5,400	2,845	2,560	98.6	99.3	98.1
English	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
French	45	10	35	0.8	0.3	1.3
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,655	2,470	2,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,175	515	660	25.2	20.9	30.2
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	640	540	100	13.7	21.9	4.6
Usual place of work	2,835	1,415	1,425	60.9	57.3	65.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,840	1,415	1,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	550	195	355	19.4	13.8	24.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,160	490	665	40.8	34.6	46.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,125	720	400	39.6	50.9	28.1
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,475	1,955	1,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,290	1,885	1,410	94.7	96.4	92.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,110	1,785	1,325	89.5	91.3	86.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	180	100	80	5.2	5.1	5.2
Public transit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Walked	110	45	65	3.2	2.3	4.3
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	70	25	40	2.0	1.3	2.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,475	1,955	1,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	835	355	485	24.0	18.2	31.8
15 to 29 minutes	1,190	555	635	34.2	28.4	41.6
30 to 44 minutes	750	490	260	21.6	25.1	17.0
45 to 59 minutes	295	205	95	8.5	10.5	6.2
60 minutes and over	400	345	55	11.5	17.6	3.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,475	1,955	1,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	435	355	80	12.5	18.2	5.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	755	465	290	21.7	23.8	19.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	870	455	415	25.0	23.3	27.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	650	300	355	18.7	15.3	23.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	330	115	215	9.5	5.9	14.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	435	265	165	12.5	13.6	10.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,135	1,120	1,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	155	65	90	7.3	5.8	8.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,980	1,055	925	92.7	94.2	91.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,490	775	715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	50	65	7.7	6.5	9.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	25	35	4.0	3.2	4.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	25	30	3.7	3.2	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,380	725	655	92.6	93.5	91.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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