Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Scugog, Township (TP)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	21,581	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	21,617	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.2	...	...	- 0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,734	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,243	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	45.5	...	...	45.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	474.38	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	21,580	10,680	10,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,020	1,540	1,480	14.0	14.4	13.6
0 to 4 years	895	460	435	4.1	4.3	4.0
5 to 9 years	990	500	495	4.6	4.7	4.5
10 to 14 years	1,135	580	555	5.3	5.4	5.1
15 to 64 years	13,325	6,655	6,670	61.7	62.3	61.2
15 to 19 years	1,205	620	585	5.6	5.8	5.4
20 to 24 years	1,120	610	505	5.2	5.7	4.6
25 to 29 years	1,035	540	490	4.8	5.1	4.5
30 to 34 years	1,055	520	530	4.9	4.9	4.9
35 to 39 years	1,155	560	595	5.4	5.2	5.5
40 to 44 years	1,200	595	605	5.6	5.6	5.5
45 to 49 years	1,225	600	625	5.7	5.6	5.7
50 to 54 years	1,445	695	745	6.7	6.5	6.8
55 to 59 years	1,980	960	1,025	9.2	9.0	9.4
60 to 64 years	1,910	940	970	8.9	8.8	8.9
65 years and over	5,230	2,480	2,755	24.2	23.2	25.3
65 to 69 years	1,605	790	815	7.4	7.4	7.5
70 to 74 years	1,410	670	735	6.5	6.3	6.7
75 to 79 years	935	465	470	4.3	4.4	4.3
80 to 84 years	630	290	340	2.9	2.7	3.1
85 years and over	655	260	390	3.0	2.4	3.6
85 to 89 years	390	170	220	1.8	1.6	2.0
90 to 94 years	200	75	125	0.9	0.7	1.1
95 to 99 years	55	15	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	14.4	13.6	14.0	14.4	13.6
15 to 64 years	61.7	62.3	61.2	61.7	62.3	61.2
65 years and over	24.2	23.2	25.3	24.2	23.2	25.3
85 years and over	3.0	2.4	3.6	3.0	2.4	3.6
Average age of the population	45.8	44.9	46.6	45.8	44.9	46.6
Median age of the population	49.2	48.0	50.4	49.2	48.0	50.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,360	...	...	89.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	155	...	...	1.9	...	...
Row house	80	...	...	1.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	135	...	...	1.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	445	...	...	5.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,610	...	...	19.5	...	...
2 persons	3,260	...	...	39.6	...	...
3 persons	1,360	...	...	16.5	...	...
4 persons	1,305	...	...	15.8	...	...
5 or more persons	710	...	...	8.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,285	10,545	10,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	18,560	9,140	9,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,765	5,890	5,880	63.4	64.4	62.4
Married	9,800	4,915	4,890	52.8	53.8	51.9
Living common-law	1,965	980	990	10.6	10.7	10.5
Living common law - Never married	1,170	600	565	6.3	6.6	6.0
Living common law - Separated	120	60	65	0.6	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Divorced	595	285	310	3.2	3.1	3.3
Living common law - Widowed	80	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	6,795	3,250	3,545	36.6	35.6	37.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,105	2,265	1,845	22.1	24.8	19.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	480	220	260	2.6	2.4	2.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,070	490	585	5.8	5.4	6.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,140	285	855	6.1	3.1	9.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,635	...	...	54.5	...	...
3 persons	1,340	...	...	20.1	...	...
4 persons	1,245	...	...	18.7	...	...
5 or more persons	450	...	...	6.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,810	...	...	87.2	...	...
Married couples	4,830	...	...	72.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,320	...	...	34.8	...	...
Without children	2,510	...	...	37.7	...	...
Common-law couples	985	...	...	14.8	...	...
With children⁶	370	...	...	5.6	...	...
Without children	610	...	...	9.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	860	...	...	12.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	610	...	...	9.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	245	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	21,285	10,545	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	18,640	9,360	9,280	87.6	88.8	86.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	11,625	5,810	5,815	54.6	55.1	54.1
Parents in one-parent families	855	245	610	4.0	2.3	5.7
Children⁶	6,155	3,310	2,850	28.9	31.4	26.5
In a two-parent family	4,875	2,605	2,270	22.9	24.7	21.1
In a one-parent family	1,285	705	575	6.0	6.7	5.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,645	1,180	1,465	12.4	11.2	13.6
Living alone	1,610	740	870	7.6	7.0	8.1
Living with other relatives⁷	425	150	280	2.0	1.4	2.6
Living with non-relatives only	605	295	315	2.8	2.8	2.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,705	...	...	69.2	...	...
Couple-family households	5,085	...	...	61.7	...	...
With children⁶	2,385	...	...	28.9	...	...
Without children	2,700	...	...	32.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	620	...	...	7.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	325	...	...	3.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	85	...	...	1.0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	290	...	...	3.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	225	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	1,610	...	...	19.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,265	9,005	9,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,765	8,760	9,005	97.3	97.3	97.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	53,600	38,400	45,200	53,600	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,765	8,760	9,005	97.3	97.3	97.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	47,200	34,800	40,400	47,200	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,505	8,260	8,240	90.4	91.7	89.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,400	28,800	38,000	46,400	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,010	6,885	6,125	71.2	76.5	66.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,400	29,800	36,000	42,400	29,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,850	7,715	8,135	86.8	85.7	87.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	8,100	11,000	9,600	8,100	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,470	665	800	8.0	7.4	8.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000	6,000	6,000	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,420	2,130	2,290	24.2	23.7	24.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,265	9,005	9,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,710	8,725	8,985	97.0	96.9	97.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,200	71,400	49,320	60,200	71,400	49,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,710	8,730	8,985	97.0	96.9	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,120	57,000	41,480	49,120	57,000	41,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,435	8,245	8,190	90.0	91.6	88.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,600	66,400	42,720	54,600	66,400	42,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,005	6,930	6,080	71.2	77.0	65.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200	59,150	42,120	51,200	59,150	42,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,840	7,705	8,140	86.7	85.6	88.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,600	9,700	11,460	10,600	9,700	11,460
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,400	600	800	7.7	6.7	8.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,100	7,760	8,380	8,100	7,760	8,380
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,335	2,010	2,330	23.7	22.3	25.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,680	8,180	9,120	8,680	8,180	9,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,265	9,005	9,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,010	3,430	2,575	32.9	38.1	27.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,500	82,000	66,000	74,500	82,000	66,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	82,900	91,200	71,900	82,900	91,200	71,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,815	2,255	2,555	26.4	25.0	27.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	21,000	14,700	16,800	21,000	14,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,520	35,120	22,700	28,520	35,120	22,700
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.2	88.0	79.0	84.2	88.0	79.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.5	65.8	57.8	62.5	65.8	57.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.8	12.0	21.0	15.8	12.0	21.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.8	1.5	1.1	0.8	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.1	2.9	5.6	4.1	2.9	5.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	2.6	4.8	3.5	2.6	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,265	9,010	9,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	500	250	255	2.7	2.8	2.8
With total income	17,765	8,760	9,005	97.3	97.2	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,410	570	840	7.9	6.5	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,100	830	1,265	11.8	9.5	14.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,310	935	1,375	13.0	10.7	15.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,075	845	1,230	11.7	9.6	13.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,835	895	940	10.3	10.2	10.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,475	755	725	8.3	8.6	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,235	645	590	7.0	7.4	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,030	560	470	5.8	6.4	5.2
$80,000 to $89,999	870	540	335	4.9	6.2	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	715	420	300	4.0	4.8	3.3
$100,000 and over	2,705	1,765	940	15.2	20.1	10.4
$100,000 to $149,999	1,805	1,115	695	10.2	12.7	7.7
$150,000 and over	900	645	250	5.1	7.4	2.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,265	9,010	9,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	500	250	250	2.7	2.8	2.7
With after-tax income	17,765	8,760	9,005	97.3	97.2	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,515	605	910	8.5	6.9	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	2,215	875	1,345	12.5	10.0	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	2,640	1,085	1,560	14.9	12.4	17.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,420	1,040	1,375	13.6	11.9	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,105	1,080	1,020	11.8	12.3	11.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,655	855	800	9.3	9.8	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,325	760	565	7.5	8.7	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,035	625	410	5.8	7.1	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	920	480	440	5.2	5.5	4.9
$90,000 to $99,999	560	375	185	3.2	4.3	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,380	985	395	7.8	11.2	4.4
$100,000 to $124,999	725	505	220	4.1	5.8	2.4
$125,000 and over	660	485	175	3.7	5.5	1.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,265	9,010	9,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,260	2,125	3,130	28.8	23.6	33.8
With employment income	13,005	6,880	6,120	71.2	76.4	66.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,590	1,380	1,210	19.9	20.1	19.8
$5,000 to $9,999	1,010	445	565	7.8	6.5	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,415	635	780	10.9	9.2	12.7
$20,000 to $29,999	975	455	525	7.5	6.6	8.6
$30,000 to $39,999	890	420	465	6.8	6.1	7.6
$40,000 to $49,999	895	420	480	6.9	6.1	7.8
$50,000 to $59,999	740	345	400	5.7	5.0	6.5
$60,000 to $69,999	685	365	320	5.3	5.3	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	625	365	260	4.8	5.3	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	565	345	215	4.3	5.0	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	625	315	310	4.8	4.6	5.1
$100,000 and over	1,990	1,390	600	15.3	20.2	9.8
$100,000 to $124,999	925	585	340	7.1	8.5	5.6
$125,000 and over	1,060	810	255	8.2	11.8	4.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,265	9,005	9,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,505	8,600	8,900	95.8	95.5	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,800	54,800	37,200	44,800	54,800	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,505	8,600	8,905	95.8	95.5	96.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	47,200	33,600	39,600	47,200	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,325	8,140	8,185	89.4	90.4	88.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	50,400	32,400	40,400	50,400	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,035	6,855	6,180	71.4	76.1	66.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	47,600	34,400	40,000	47,600	34,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,940	7,230	7,710	81.8	80.3	83.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,840	1,460	6,040	3,840	1,460	6,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,190	525	665	6.5	5.8	7.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,200	5,680	5,480	5,200	5,680
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,265	9,005	9,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,490	8,595	8,895	95.8	95.4	96.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,850	69,100	47,000	57,850	69,100	47,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,495	8,595	8,900	95.8	95.4	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,160	55,200	39,440	47,160	55,200	39,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,285	8,105	8,180	89.2	90.0	88.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,150	67,100	43,320	55,150	67,100	43,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,100	6,910	6,190	71.7	76.7	66.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,550	61,400	42,680	52,550	61,400	42,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,040	7,200	7,830	82.3	80.0	84.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,560	6,920	8,160	7,560	6,920	8,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,155	465	690	6.3	5.2	7.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,160	6,160	7,840	7,160	6,160	7,840
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,265	9,005	9,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,985	3,430	2,560	32.8	38.1	27.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,000	79,000	60,800	70,000	79,000	60,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	79,500	88,100	67,900	79,500	88,100	67,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,535	2,110	2,420	24.8	23.4	26.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	28,000	21,200	22,800	28,000	21,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,800	45,000	27,760	35,800	45,000	27,760
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.8	91.6	84.8	88.8	91.6	84.8
Employment income (%)	68.0	71.4	63.2	68.0	71.4	63.2
Government transfers (%)	11.2	8.4	15.3	11.2	8.4	15.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.5	1.3	0.8	0.5	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,240	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	46,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	42,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,635	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	129,200	...	...	129,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	105,500	...	...	105,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	61,300	...	...	61,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,600	...	...	50,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,630	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	145,800	...	...	145,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,900	...	...	118,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	175	...	...	2.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	180	...	...	2.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	180	...	...	2.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	210	...	...	2.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	255	...	...	3.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	490	...	...	5.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	465	...	...	5.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	525	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	465	...	...	5.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	455	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,445	...	...	53.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,080	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	830	...	...	10.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,160	...	...	14.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,375	...	...	16.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...	2.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	210	...	...	2.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	215	...	...	2.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	205	...	...	2.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	275	...	...	3.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	285	...	...	3.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	590	...	...	7.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	595	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	605	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	570	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	550	...	...	6.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,710	...	...	45.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,210	...	...	14.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	810	...	...	9.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,685	...	...	20.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,465	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,760	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,730	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	162,000	...	...	162,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	765	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,215	1,030	1,185	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,800	48,800	40,800	44,800	48,800	40,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600	42,800	37,600	39,600	42,800	37,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,495	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	144,600	...	...	144,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	117,800	...	...	117,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,785	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	120,300	...	...	120,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,900	...	...	98,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,750	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	183,000	...	...	183,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,600	...	...	146,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	740	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	93,800	...	...	93,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,400	...	...	81,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,195	1,040	1,150	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	57,750	60,100	55,600	57,750	60,100	55,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,800	48,900	46,800	47,800	48,900	46,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	21,285	10,545	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,740	1,895	1,845	17.6	18.0	17.2
0 to 5 years	1,115	565	550	5.2	5.4	5.1
18 to 64 years	12,540	6,255	6,280	58.9	59.3	58.5
65 years and over	5,010	2,395	2,615	23.5	22.7	24.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,300	625	675	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	230	125	105	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	85	50	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	715	360	360	...	...	...
65 years and over	355	145	210	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.1	5.9	6.3	6.1	5.9	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	6.1	6.4	5.8	6.1	6.4	5.8
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	8.8	6.4	7.6	8.8	6.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7
65 years and over (%)	7.1	6.1	8.1	7.1	6.1	8.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	21,285	10,545	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,735	1,895	1,840	17.5	18.0	17.1
0 to 5 years	1,120	565	550	5.3	5.4	5.1
18 to 64 years	12,535	6,255	6,285	58.9	59.3	58.5
65 years and over	5,010	2,395	2,615	23.5	22.7	24.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	425	220	205	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	70	30	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	300	165	135	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	25	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.0	2.1	1.9	2.0	2.1	1.9
0 to 17 years (%)	1.8	1.4	2.2	1.8	1.4	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.2	1.2	1.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.4	2.6	2.2	2.4	2.6	2.2
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	21,285	10,545	10,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,645	3,670	3,975	35.9	34.8	37.0
In bottom decile	1,180	580	600	5.5	5.5	5.6
In second decile	1,310	570	740	6.2	5.4	6.9
In third decile	1,455	690	760	6.8	6.5	7.1
In fourth decile	1,710	840	875	8.0	8.0	8.1
In fifth decile	1,990	985	1,005	9.3	9.3	9.4
In top half of the distribution	13,640	6,875	6,765	64.1	65.2	63.0
In sixth decile	2,030	1,010	1,020	9.5	9.6	9.5
In seventh decile	2,440	1,200	1,240	11.5	11.4	11.5
In eighth decile	2,495	1,255	1,240	11.7	11.9	11.5
In ninth decile	3,305	1,675	1,635	15.5	15.9	15.2
In top decile	3,370	1,740	1,635	15.8	16.5	15.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	21,285	...	...	21,285	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.317	...	...	0.317	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.409	...	...	0.409	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.276	...	...	0.276	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	21,395	10,595	10,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	19,905	9,990	9,910	93.0	94.3	91.8
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,440	580	860	6.7	5.5	8.0
Neither English nor French	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	21,395	10,595	10,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	21,140	10,480	10,660	98.8	98.9	98.7
French	190	80	105	0.9	0.8	1.0
English and French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	21,395	10,595	10,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,185	10,490	10,695	99.0	99.0	99.0
Official languages	20,040	9,945	10,090	93.7	93.9	93.4
English	19,830	9,850	9,975	92.7	93.0	92.4
French	210	90	115	1.0	0.8	1.1
Non-official languages	1,145	540	605	5.4	5.1	5.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,140	540	600	5.3	5.1	5.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	800	380	420	3.7	3.6	3.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	75	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
Baltic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	165	75	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Russian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	330	145	180	1.5	1.4	1.7
Frisian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	175	75	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
German	170	75	90	0.8	0.7	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	140	70	70	0.7	0.7	0.6
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	130	60	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	100	85	0.9	0.9	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	85	55	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Portuguese	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	45	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Chinese languages	105	45	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Estonian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Finnish	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	210	105	105	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	120	65	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	21,395	10,595	10,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	20,415	10,145	10,270	95.4	95.8	95.1
French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	160	80	80	0.7	0.8	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	160	80	80	0.7	0.8	0.7
English and French	180	75	105	0.8	0.7	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	585	275	310	2.7	2.6	2.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	21,395	10,595	10,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,280	10,535	10,745	99.5	99.4	99.5
Official languages	20,980	10,395	10,590	98.1	98.1	98.1
English	20,940	10,375	10,565	97.9	97.9	97.8
French	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	300	145	160	1.4	1.4	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	300	145	160	1.4	1.4	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	135	65	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dari	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	110	55	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	21,395	10,590	10,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	20,700	10,280	10,415	96.8	97.1	96.4
English	120	55	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
French	140	50	90	0.7	0.5	0.8
Non-official language	395	185	205	1.8	1.7	1.9
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	390	185	205	1.8	1.7	1.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	21,285	10,545	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	21,225	10,515	10,710	99.7	99.7	99.7
English	21,225	10,515	10,710	99.7	99.7	99.7
French	1,400	555	845	6.6	5.3	7.9
Non-official languages	1,660	790	870	7.8	7.5	8.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,660	790	870	7.8	7.5	8.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	65	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	65	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	90	60	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	105	50	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,205	575	625	5.7	5.5	5.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	125	95	1.0	1.2	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	220	125	95	1.0	1.2	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Macedonian	55	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Polish	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	510	215	295	2.4	2.0	2.7
Frisian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
High German languages	295	130	160	1.4	1.2	1.5
German	295	130	160	1.4	1.2	1.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	205	90	115	1.0	0.9	1.1
Afrikaans	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	200	80	115	0.9	0.8	1.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Swedish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	140	75	65	0.7	0.7	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	75	45	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	60	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	315	150	170	1.5	1.4	1.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	45	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
Portuguese	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	165	75	90	0.8	0.7	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	65	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
Chinese languages	125	65	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	40	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	75	50	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	110	40	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
Estonian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,285	10,545	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	500	255	245	2.3	2.4	2.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	465	230	225	2.2	2.2	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	270	145	130	1.3	1.4	1.2
Métis	185	85	105	0.9	0.8	1.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	20,780	10,290	10,495	97.6	97.6	97.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,285	10,545	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	175	95	80	0.8	0.9	0.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,110	10,450	10,660	99.2	99.1	99.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,170	...	...	87.0	...	...
Renter	1,070	...	...	13.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	125	...	...	1.5	...	...
Not condominium	8,115	...	...	98.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	390	...	...	4.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,240	...	...	15.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,545	...	...	43.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,045	...	...	36.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	875	...	...	10.6	...	...
5 rooms	870	...	...	10.6	...	...
6 rooms	1,220	...	...	14.8	...	...
7 rooms	1,510	...	...	18.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,760	...	...	45.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,205	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,070	...	...	97.9	...	...
Not suitable	175	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,080	...	...	25.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,310	...	...	28.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,385	...	...	16.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,070	...	...	13.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	690	...	...	8.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	290	...	...	3.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	180	...	...	2.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	235	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,805	...	...	94.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	440	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,410	...	...	41.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,545	...	...	55.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	290	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	655	...	...	7.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,105	...	...	13.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,395	...	...	16.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,085	...	...	25.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,715	...	...	20.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	975	...	...	11.8	...	...
85 years and over	300	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,650	...	...	83.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,335	...	...	16.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,180	...	...	14.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,770	...	...	21.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,175	...	...	14.3	...	...
Not suitable only	110	...	...	1.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	310	...	...	3.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	105	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,475	...	...	78.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,830	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	420	...	...	5.4	...	...
Not in core need	7,410	...	...	94.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,955	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.9	...	...	55.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.5	...	...	13.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,380	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,620	...	...	1,620	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	800,000	...	...	800,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	848,000	...	...	848,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,060	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.2	...	...	13.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.5	...	...	37.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.3	...	...	16.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,280	...	...	1,280	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,304	...	...	1,304	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	21,285	10,540	10,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	125	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	125	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Métis single ancestry	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	515	255	265	2.4	2.4	2.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	500	250	250	2.3	2.4	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	330	180	155	1.6	1.7	1.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	170	70	100	0.8	0.7	0.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	20,640	10,230	10,410	97.0	97.1	96.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	21,280	10,540	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	20,860	10,360	10,500	98.0	98.3	97.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,680	1,875	1,810	17.3	17.8	16.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,180	8,485	8,695	80.7	80.5	81.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	425	185	240	2.0	1.8	2.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	21,280	10,540	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	19,030	9,475	9,555	89.4	89.9	89.0
Immigrants⁸¹	2,240	1,060	1,185	10.5	10.1	11.0
Before 1980	1,160	555	600	5.5	5.3	5.6
1980 to 1990	275	130	145	1.3	1.2	1.4
1991 to 2000	300	130	175	1.4	1.2	1.6
2001 to 2010	290	150	145	1.4	1.4	1.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	215	90	125	1.0	0.9	1.2
2011 to 2015	75	25	45	0.4	0.2	0.4
2016 to 2021	140	60	75	0.7	0.6	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,240	1,055	1,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	315	150	165	14.1	14.2	13.9
5 to 14 years	540	310	230	24.1	29.4	19.4
15 to 24 years	480	230	255	21.4	21.8	21.5
25 to 44 years	740	305	440	33.0	28.9	37.1
45 years and over	165	60	100	7.4	5.7	8.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,240	1,055	1,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	250	105	140	11.2	10.0	11.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
United States of America	140	65	75	6.3	6.2	6.3
Other places of birth in Americas	65	35	30	2.9	3.3	2.5
Europe	1,450	675	775	64.7	64.0	65.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Germany	170	80	90	7.6	7.6	7.6
Greece	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.3
Hungary	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.3
Italy	40	25	15	1.8	2.4	1.3
Netherlands	150	75	80	6.7	7.1	6.8
Poland	40	15	20	1.8	1.4	1.7
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.8
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	15	15	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.8
United Kingdom⁸⁷	795	365	430	35.5	34.6	36.3
Other places of birth in Europe	150	60	85	6.7	5.7	7.2
Africa	65	40	25	2.9	3.8	2.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	30	20	10	1.3	1.9	0.8
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	10	1.1	0.9	0.8
Asia	455	215	240	20.3	20.4	20.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	40	20	15	1.8	1.9	1.3
Iraq	10	10	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	40	25	10	1.8	2.4	0.8
Turkey	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	75	30	45	3.3	2.8	3.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	20	1.1	0.9	1.7
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	0	20	1.1	0.0	1.7
Viet Nam	20	10	0	0.9	0.9	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	20	30	2.0	1.9	2.5
Pakistan	20	10	10	0.9	0.9	0.8
Sri Lanka	45	15	30	2.0	1.4	2.5
Other places of birth in Asia	85	50	35	3.8	4.7	3.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	20	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	140	60	80	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	10	15	17.9	16.7	18.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	15	14.3	16.7	18.8
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	10	10	10.7	16.7	12.5
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	7.1	0.0	12.5
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	95	45	50	67.9	75.0	62.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	7.1	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	10	15	21.4	16.7	18.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	30	15	15	21.4	25.0	18.8
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	21,285	10,545	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,440	1,130	1,310	11.5	10.7	12.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,090	1,955	2,125	19.2	18.5	19.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,755	7,455	7,305	69.3	70.7	68.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,085	495	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	535	285	250	49.3	57.6	43.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	210	155	50	19.4	31.3	8.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	325	130	195	30.0	26.3	33.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	415	140	270	38.2	28.3	46.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	130	65	60	12.0	13.1	10.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,085	495	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	40	25	15	3.7	5.1	2.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	70	40	30	6.5	8.1	5.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	20	25	4.1	4.0	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	25	25	4.6	5.1	4.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0	0.9	2.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	860	380	485	79.3	76.8	83.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	21,285	10,545	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,115	505	605	5.2	4.8	5.6
South Asian	295	145	150	1.4	1.4	1.4
Chinese	215	90	120	1.0	0.9	1.1
Black	155	50	100	0.7	0.5	0.9
Filipino	40	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
Arab	55	35	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Latin American	85	35	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Southeast Asian	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
West Asian	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Japanese	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	50	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	20,170	10,040	10,135	94.8	95.2	94.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	21,285	10,540	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,915	1,950	1,965	18.4	18.5	18.3
English	7,350	3,585	3,770	34.5	34.0	35.1
Irish	5,150	2,405	2,750	24.2	22.8	25.6
Scottish	5,140	2,600	2,540	24.1	24.7	23.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,785	800	980	8.4	7.6	9.1
German	2,260	1,135	1,115	10.6	10.8	10.4
Chinese	230	100	130	1.1	0.9	1.2
Italian	915	495	420	4.3	4.7	3.9
Indian (India)	125	50	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Ukrainian	575	305	270	2.7	2.9	2.5
Dutch	1,545	770	780	7.3	7.3	7.3
Polish	550	240	305	2.6	2.3	2.8
Québécois	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,500	750	750	7.0	7.1	7.0
Filipino	65	15	50	0.3	0.1	0.5
French Canadian	275	155	120	1.3	1.5	1.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	380	175	205	1.8	1.7	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	170	85	80	0.8	0.8	0.7
Métis	220	95	125	1.0	0.9	1.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	260	130	130	1.2	1.2	1.2
Russian	110	85	25	0.5	0.8	0.2
Norwegian	165	105	60	0.8	1.0	0.6
Welsh	575	305	270	2.7	2.9	2.5
Portuguese	140	80	60	0.7	0.8	0.6
American	220	80	140	1.0	0.8	1.3
Spanish	120	40	85	0.6	0.4	0.8
Swedish	100	55	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hungarian	210	105	105	1.0	1.0	1.0
Acadian	85	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pakistani	45	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	50	10	40	0.2	0.1	0.4
Jewish	80	25	55	0.4	0.2	0.5
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	170	90	80	0.8	0.9	0.7
Jamaican	115	40	70	0.5	0.4	0.7
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Romanian	60	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Lebanese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	75	45	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Danish	120	55	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	75	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	215	135	80	1.0	1.3	0.7
Belgian	55	35	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swiss	135	50	80	0.6	0.5	0.7
Finnish	105	45	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Sri Lankan	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Japanese	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	135	85	50	0.6	0.8	0.5
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	65	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Icelandic	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	70	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Syrian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Newfoundlander	130	55	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	125	70	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Turkish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	40	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
South African	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Australian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Macedonian	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Slovenian	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	35	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	45	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African American	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	50	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	30	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	21,285	10,545	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	75	35	35	0.4	0.3	0.3
Christian	11,305	5,225	6,075	53.1	49.5	56.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,530	720	805	7.2	6.8	7.5
Anabaptist	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Anglican	1,185	510	670	5.6	4.8	6.2
Baptist	280	145	130	1.3	1.4	1.2
Catholic	3,660	1,705	1,950	17.2	16.2	18.2
Christian Orthodox	165	90	70	0.8	0.9	0.7
Jehovah's Witness	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Latter Day Saints	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Lutheran	185	85	95	0.9	0.8	0.9
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	210	85	125	1.0	0.8	1.2
Presbyterian	350	170	175	1.6	1.6	1.6
Reformed	115	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
United Church	2,915	1,335	1,580	13.7	12.7	14.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	600	255	345	2.8	2.4	3.2
Hindu	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jewish	50	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Muslim	135	60	70	0.6	0.6	0.7
Sikh	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	110	40	75	0.5	0.4	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	9,510	5,110	4,400	44.7	48.5	41.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	21,175	10,485	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	19,300	9,550	9,750	91.1	91.1	91.2
Movers	1,875	930	940	8.9	8.9	8.8
Non-migrants	565	285	275	2.7	2.7	2.6
Migrants	1,310	645	665	6.2	6.2	6.2
Internal migrants	1,290	635	650	6.1	6.1	6.1
Intraprovincial migrants	1,250	615	635	5.9	5.9	5.9
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
External migrants	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	20,345	10,085	10,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,095	7,050	7,045	69.3	69.9	68.7
Movers	6,250	3,035	3,215	30.7	30.1	31.3
Non-migrants	1,335	630	705	6.6	6.2	6.9
Migrants	4,920	2,410	2,510	24.2	23.9	24.5
Internal migrants	4,720	2,310	2,410	23.2	22.9	23.5
Intraprovincial migrants	4,645	2,275	2,375	22.8	22.6	23.1
Interprovincial migrants	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
External migrants	200	95	100	1.0	0.9	1.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,265	9,005	9,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,950	1,625	1,325	16.2	18.0	14.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	15,315	7,380	7,930	83.8	82.0	85.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,935	5,365	5,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	955	545	410	8.7	10.2	7.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,985	4,815	5,165	91.3	89.7	92.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,265	9,005	9,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,620	1,395	1,225	14.3	15.5	13.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,750	2,860	2,890	31.5	31.8	31.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,895	4,750	5,145	54.2	52.7	55.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,165	3,225	2,940	33.8	35.8	31.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,355	1,100	255	7.4	12.2	2.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	490	310	180	2.7	3.4	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	865	790	75	4.7	8.8	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,500	2,010	2,495	24.6	22.3	27.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	315	115	190	1.7	1.3	2.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,735	1,525	2,205	20.4	16.9	23.8
Bachelor's degree	2,665	1,055	1,610	14.6	11.7	17.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	270	85	180	1.5	0.9	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	620	275	340	3.4	3.1	3.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	60	30	0.5	0.7	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,940	5,365	5,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	760	420	340	6.9	7.8	6.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,175	1,655	1,515	29.0	30.8	27.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,005	3,285	3,715	64.0	61.2	66.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,390	2,295	2,095	40.1	42.8	37.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	895	730	160	8.2	13.6	2.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	305	190	115	2.8	3.5	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	590	535	50	5.4	10.0	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,320	1,510	1,810	30.3	28.1	32.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	55	120	1.6	1.0	2.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,610	985	1,625	23.9	18.4	29.1
Bachelor's degree	1,880	685	1,195	17.2	12.8	21.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	55	135	1.7	1.0	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	30	45	0.6	0.6	0.8
Master's degree	425	195	230	3.9	3.6	4.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,265	9,010	9,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,370	4,260	4,110	45.8	47.3	44.4
Education	760	165	595	4.2	1.8	6.4
13. Education	760	165	595	4.2	1.8	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	395	160	230	2.2	1.8	2.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	350	130	220	1.9	1.4	2.4
Humanities	500	200	305	2.7	2.2	3.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	160	45	115	0.9	0.5	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	55	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	35	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
54. History	80	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,175	305	870	6.4	3.4	9.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	20	90	0.6	0.2	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	240	10	235	1.3	0.1	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	205	35	165	1.1	0.4	1.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	230	50	175	1.3	0.6	1.9
45. Social sciences	345	180	165	1.9	2.0	1.8
Business, management and public administration	1,775	630	1,145	9.7	7.0	12.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	0	170	0.9	0.0	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,595	630	965	8.7	7.0	10.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	280	105	175	1.5	1.2	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	140	45	95	0.8	0.5	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	20	45	0.4	0.2	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	60	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	185	120	1.6	2.1	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	230	160	75	1.3	1.8	0.8
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,325	2,215	110	12.7	24.6	1.2
04. Architecture and related services	95	95	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
14. Engineering	290	250	40	1.6	2.8	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	570	525	50	3.1	5.8	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	605	595	10	3.3	6.6	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	525	515	10	2.9	5.7	0.1
48. Precision production	245	235	10	1.3	2.6	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	310	155	150	1.7	1.7	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	225	110	110	1.2	1.2	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Health and related fields	1,380	215	1,160	7.6	2.4	12.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	180	75	110	1.0	0.8	1.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,160	120	1,035	6.4	1.3	11.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	700	405	290	3.8	4.5	3.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	295	75	225	1.6	0.8	2.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	260	195	65	1.4	2.2	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	125	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,935	5,365	5,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,935	2,075	1,860	36.0	38.7	33.4
Education	535	135	400	4.9	2.5	7.2
13. Education	535	135	400	4.9	2.5	7.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	315	130	185	2.9	2.4	3.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	290	105	185	2.7	2.0	3.3
Humanities	295	115	190	2.7	2.1	3.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	100	35	65	0.9	0.7	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	30	30	0.5	0.6	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
54. History	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	915	220	690	8.4	4.1	12.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	20	75	0.9	0.4	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	10	190	1.8	0.2	3.4
22. Legal professions and studies	175	25	150	1.6	0.5	2.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	165	35	125	1.5	0.7	2.2
45. Social sciences	265	135	135	2.4	2.5	2.4
Business, management and public administration	1,215	395	825	11.1	7.4	14.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	0	125	1.2	0.0	2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,085	390	695	9.9	7.3	12.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	30	115	1.4	0.6	2.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	15	65	0.8	0.3	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	230	155	75	2.1	2.9	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	205	150	55	1.9	2.8	1.0
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,620	1,515	95	14.8	28.2	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	60	60	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
14. Engineering	180	145	35	1.6	2.7	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	430	390	40	3.9	7.3	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	425	415	10	3.9	7.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	345	340	0	3.2	6.3	0.0
48. Precision production	180	175	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	240	120	120	2.2	2.2	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	175	80	95	1.6	1.5	1.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	40	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
Health and related fields	940	155	785	8.6	2.9	14.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	135	55	80	1.2	1.0	1.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	780	90	690	7.1	1.7	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	540	310	235	4.9	5.8	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	230	45	185	2.1	0.8	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	205	155	50	1.9	2.9	0.9
49. Transportation and materials moving	100	100	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,935	5,365	5,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,935	2,075	1,860	36.0	38.7	33.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,000	3,285	3,720	64.0	61.2	66.7
Location of study inside Canada	6,505	3,055	3,450	59.5	56.9	61.9
Same as province or territory of residence	6,230	2,935	3,300	57.0	54.7	59.2
Different than province or territory of residence	270	120	150	2.5	2.2	2.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	495	230	265	4.5	4.3	4.8
Americas	215	105	110	2.0	2.0	2.0
United States of America	205	105	100	1.9	2.0	1.8
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Europe	160	70	90	1.5	1.3	1.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	115	50	60	1.1	0.9	1.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	85	35	55	0.8	0.7	1.0
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pakistan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Australia	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,265	9,005	9,255	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,300	5,960	5,345	...	...	...
Employed	10,340	5,505	4,835	...	...	...
Unemployed	960	450	510	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,965	3,050	3,915	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.9	66.2	57.8	61.9	66.2	57.8
Employment rate	56.6	61.1	52.2	56.6	61.1	52.2
Unemployment rate	8.5	7.6	9.5	8.5	7.6	9.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,265	9,005	9,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,905	2,965	3,935	37.8	32.9	42.5
Worked	11,360	6,040	5,325	62.2	67.1	57.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,240	3,595	2,640	34.2	39.9	28.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,125	2,445	2,680	28.1	27.2	29.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	42.7	41.0	41.9	42.7	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,300	5,955	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	225	110	110	2.0	1.8	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	11,075	5,845	5,230	98.0	98.2	97.8
Employee	8,935	4,565	4,370	79.1	76.7	81.8
Permanent position	7,755	4,025	3,730	68.6	67.6	69.8
Temporary position	1,185	540	640	10.5	9.1	12.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	290	120	170	2.6	2.0	3.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	895	420	470	7.9	7.1	8.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,140	1,280	860	18.9	21.5	16.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,300	5,955	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	225	110	110	2.0	1.8	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	11,075	5,845	5,230	98.0	98.2	97.8
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	180	115	60	1.6	1.9	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,840	535	1,310	16.3	9.0	24.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	635	510	130	5.6	8.6	2.4
3 Health occupations	755	110	645	6.7	1.8	12.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,395	480	915	12.3	8.1	17.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	305	115	190	2.7	1.9	3.6
6 Sales and service occupations	2,665	1,080	1,590	23.6	18.1	29.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,295	2,155	140	20.3	36.2	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	610	435	175	5.4	7.3	3.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	400	320	85	3.5	5.4	1.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,300	5,955	5,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	225	110	110	2.0	1.8	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	11,075	5,845	5,230	98.0	98.2	97.8
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	510	325	190	4.5	5.5	3.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
22 Utilities	305	210	90	2.7	3.5	1.7
23 Construction	1,270	1,120	155	11.2	18.8	2.9
31-33 Manufacturing	810	580	235	7.2	9.7	4.4
41 Wholesale trade	445	305	140	3.9	5.1	2.6
44-45 Retail trade	1,330	620	705	11.8	10.4	13.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	330	255	75	2.9	4.3	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	185	125	65	1.6	2.1	1.2
52 Finance and insurance	360	145	215	3.2	2.4	4.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	220	90	130	1.9	1.5	2.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	640	275	365	5.7	4.6	6.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	555	345	205	4.9	5.8	3.8
61 Educational services	975	290	690	8.6	4.9	12.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,150	155	990	10.2	2.6	18.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	310	150	155	2.7	2.5	2.9
72 Accommodation and food services	445	160	285	3.9	2.7	5.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	510	275	240	4.5	4.6	4.5
91 Public administration	670	375	295	5.9	6.3	5.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,125	6,385	5,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	11,860	6,240	5,620	97.8	97.7	97.8
French	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Non-official language	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
English and French	140	70	75	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	65	45	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,125	6,385	5,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,110	6,375	5,735	99.9	99.8	99.8
Official languages	12,080	6,345	5,735	99.6	99.4	99.8
English	12,010	6,335	5,675	99.1	99.2	98.8
French	65	10	55	0.5	0.2	1.0
Non-official languages	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Chinese languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,125	6,385	5,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,940	6,280	5,655	98.5	98.4	98.4
English	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
French	95	55	45	0.8	0.9	0.8
Non-official language	45	35	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	35	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,340	5,505	4,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,670	1,240	1,435	25.8	22.5	29.7
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,415	1,155	260	13.7	21.0	5.4
Usual place of work	6,250	3,110	3,140	60.4	56.5	64.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,250	3,115	3,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,635	1,075	1,565	42.2	34.5	49.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,115	1,110	1,005	33.8	35.6	32.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,495	920	570	23.9	29.5	18.2
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,660	4,265	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,135	4,060	3,075	93.1	95.2	90.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,745	3,865	2,880	88.1	90.6	84.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	395	195	195	5.2	4.6	5.7
Public transit	55	15	40	0.7	0.4	1.2
Walked	335	140	200	4.4	3.3	5.9
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	125	40	80	1.6	0.9	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,660	4,265	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,970	855	1,120	25.7	20.0	32.9
15 to 29 minutes	1,585	755	825	20.7	17.7	24.3
30 to 44 minutes	1,755	980	770	22.9	23.0	22.6
45 to 59 minutes	1,095	685	410	14.3	16.1	12.1
60 minutes and over	1,255	990	275	16.4	23.2	8.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,660	4,265	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	865	665	205	11.3	15.6	6.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,500	1,000	495	19.6	23.4	14.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,885	1,015	865	24.6	23.8	25.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,400	585	820	18.3	13.7	24.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	865	330	535	11.3	7.7	15.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,140	665	475	14.9	15.6	14.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,830	1,945	1,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	190	100	90	5.0	5.1	4.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,640	1,845	1,795	95.0	94.9	95.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,860	1,445	1,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145	75	70	5.1	5.2	4.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	20	20	1.4	1.4	1.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	55	50	3.7	3.8	3.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,720	1,370	1,350	95.1	94.8	95.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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