Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Grand Valley, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,851	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	2,956	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	30.3	...	...	30.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,445	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,397	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	24.3	...	...	24.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	158.60	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,850	1,955	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	775	395	375	20.1	20.2	19.8
0 to 4 years	310	165	150	8.1	8.4	7.9
5 to 9 years	245	120	125	6.4	6.1	6.6
10 to 14 years	215	115	105	5.6	5.9	5.5
15 to 64 years	2,605	1,320	1,290	67.7	67.5	68.1
15 to 19 years	200	105	95	5.2	5.4	5.0
20 to 24 years	200	110	85	5.2	5.6	4.5
25 to 29 years	255	120	140	6.6	6.1	7.4
30 to 34 years	365	180	180	9.5	9.2	9.5
35 to 39 years	280	145	130	7.3	7.4	6.9
40 to 44 years	245	125	125	6.4	6.4	6.6
45 to 49 years	240	115	120	6.2	5.9	6.3
50 to 54 years	245	125	120	6.4	6.4	6.3
55 to 59 years	335	160	170	8.7	8.2	9.0
60 to 64 years	240	120	120	6.2	6.1	6.3
65 years and over	475	240	230	12.3	12.3	12.1
65 to 69 years	155	75	80	4.0	3.8	4.2
70 to 74 years	155	80	75	4.0	4.1	4.0
75 to 79 years	90	50	35	2.3	2.6	1.8
80 to 84 years	45	20	25	1.2	1.0	1.3
85 years and over	30	15	20	0.8	0.8	1.1
85 to 89 years	15	5	10	0.4	0.3	0.5
90 to 94 years	15	10	5	0.4	0.5	0.3
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.1	20.2	19.8	20.1	20.2	19.8
15 to 64 years	67.7	67.5	68.1	67.7	67.5	68.1
65 years and over	12.3	12.3	12.1	12.3	12.3	12.1
85 years and over	0.8	0.8	1.1	0.8	0.8	1.1
Average age of the population	38.0	37.8	38.3	38.0	37.8	38.3
Median age of the population	36.8	36.4	37.2	36.8	36.4	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,230	...	...	88.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	0.4	...	...
Row house	35	...	...	2.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	0.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	110	...	...	7.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	290	...	...	20.8	...	...
2 persons	405	...	...	29.0	...	...
3 persons	300	...	...	21.5	...	...
4 persons	255	...	...	18.3	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...	11.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,845	1,955	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	3,075	1,560	1,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	1,935	960	970	62.9	61.5	63.8
Married	1,540	770	775	50.1	49.4	51.0
Living common-law	390	195	195	12.7	12.5	12.8
Living common law - Never married	280	135	140	9.1	8.7	9.2
Living common law - Separated	35	15	15	1.1	1.0	1.0
Living common law - Divorced	75	35	35	2.4	2.2	2.3
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	1,145	595	550	37.2	38.1	36.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	750	440	310	24.4	28.2	20.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	105	50	55	3.4	3.2	3.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	165	70	90	5.4	4.5	5.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	130	35	95	4.2	2.2	6.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	480	...	...	42.7	...	...
3 persons	300	...	...	26.7	...	...
4 persons	235	...	...	20.9	...	...
5 or more persons	105	...	...	9.3	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	960	...	...	85.7	...	...
Married couples	765	...	...	68.3	...	...
With children⁶	465	...	...	41.5	...	...
Without children	300	...	...	26.8	...	...
Common-law couples	195	...	...	17.4	...	...
With children⁶	105	...	...	9.4	...	...
Without children	90	...	...	8.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	160	...	...	14.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	125	...	...	11.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	40	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,850	1,950	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	3,365	1,700	1,665	87.4	87.2	87.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,920	955	965	49.9	49.0	50.9
Parents in one-parent families	165	40	125	4.3	2.1	6.6
Children⁶	1,285	705	580	33.4	36.2	30.6
In a two-parent family	1,035	565	470	26.9	29.0	24.8
In a one-parent family	255	140	110	6.6	7.2	5.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	480	255	225	12.5	13.1	11.9
Living alone	285	150	135	7.4	7.7	7.1
Living with other relatives⁷	80	35	45	2.1	1.8	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	115	65	50	3.0	3.3	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	945	...	...	67.5	...	...
Couple-family households	845	...	...	60.4	...	...
With children⁶	515	...	...	36.8	...	...
Without children	325	...	...	23.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	105	...	...	7.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	60	...	...	4.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	1.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	60	...	...	4.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...	2.9	...	...
One-person households	285	...	...	20.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,075	1,555	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,980	1,500	1,480	96.9	96.5	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	52,800	36,400	43,200	52,800	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,980	1,500	1,480	96.9	96.5	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,200	32,800	38,800	45,200	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,720	1,405	1,320	88.5	90.4	87.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	50,000	28,200	37,600	50,000	28,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,355	1,245	1,110	76.6	80.1	73.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	54,000	30,200	41,200	54,000	30,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,655	1,310	1,345	86.3	84.2	88.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	4,080	10,200	7,600	4,080	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	340	130	210	11.1	8.4	13.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	4,800	5,480	5,200	4,800	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	875	405	475	28.5	26.0	31.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	6,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,110	1,560	1,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,030	1,505	1,525	97.4	96.5	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,280	58,900	41,760	50,280	58,900	41,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,030	1,505	1,525	97.4	96.5	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	48,760	36,160	42,400	48,760	36,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,720	1,370	1,350	87.5	87.8	87.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,600	57,450	35,560	46,600	57,450	35,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,420	1,270	1,140	77.8	81.4	73.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,440	56,300	35,500	46,440	56,300	35,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,655	1,315	1,340	85.4	84.3	86.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,600	7,480	11,680	9,600	7,480	11,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	315	120	200	10.1	7.7	12.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,950	7,200	6,800	6,950	7,200	6,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	855	360	495	27.5	23.1	31.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,760	8,880	8,640	8,760	8,880	8,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,110	1,565	1,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,285	800	485	41.3	51.1	31.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,500	70,000	55,200	64,500	70,000	55,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,000	71,600	56,800	66,000	71,600	56,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	820	340	485	26.4	21.7	31.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200	31,200	15,000	18,200	31,200	15,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,400	36,200	22,900	28,400	36,200	22,900
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2	89.0	75.4	83.2	89.0	75.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.8	80.8	63.8	73.8	80.8	63.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.7	11.1	24.6	16.7	11.1	24.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.0	2.1	1.5	1.0	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.6	4.0	7.8	5.6	4.0	7.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	3.6	6.8	4.9	3.6	6.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,075	1,555	1,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	95	55	40	3.1	3.5	2.6
With total income	2,975	1,500	1,475	96.7	96.5	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	220	95	125	7.4	6.3	8.5
$10,000 to $19,999	370	160	215	12.4	10.7	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	405	170	235	13.6	11.3	15.9
$30,000 to $39,999	380	145	240	12.8	9.7	16.3
$40,000 to $49,999	340	150	190	11.4	10.0	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	275	135	135	9.2	9.0	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	245	140	105	8.2	9.3	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	185	120	65	6.2	8.0	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	160	110	50	5.4	7.3	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	110	85	25	3.7	5.7	1.7
$100,000 and over	285	205	80	9.6	13.7	5.4
$100,000 to $149,999	225	160	65	7.6	10.7	4.4
$150,000 and over	60	45	15	2.0	3.0	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,075	1,555	1,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	95	55	40	3.1	3.5	2.6
With after-tax income	2,975	1,500	1,475	96.7	96.5	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	230	95	130	7.7	6.3	8.8
$10,000 to $19,999	380	155	220	12.8	10.3	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	475	190	285	16.0	12.7	19.3
$30,000 to $39,999	455	195	260	15.3	13.0	17.6
$40,000 to $49,999	405	190	210	13.6	12.7	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	320	185	130	10.8	12.3	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	240	155	90	8.1	10.3	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	185	130	55	6.2	8.7	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	125	90	40	4.2	6.0	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	70	45	20	2.4	3.0	1.4
$100,000 and over	95	70	25	3.2	4.7	1.7
$100,000 to $124,999	60	45	20	2.0	3.0	1.4
$125,000 and over	35	30	10	1.2	2.0	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,075	1,555	1,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	715	310	405	23.3	19.9	26.6
With employment income	2,360	1,245	1,110	76.7	80.1	73.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	315	150	165	13.3	12.0	14.9
$5,000 to $9,999	170	60	110	7.2	4.8	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	265	105	160	11.2	8.4	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	190	75	120	8.1	6.0	10.8
$30,000 to $39,999	215	90	120	9.1	7.2	10.8
$40,000 to $49,999	200	90	110	8.5	7.2	9.9
$50,000 to $59,999	200	110	95	8.5	8.8	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	170	105	70	7.2	8.4	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	150	110	40	6.4	8.8	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	155	110	45	6.6	8.8	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	90	70	20	3.8	5.6	1.8
$100,000 and over	240	180	60	10.2	14.5	5.4
$100,000 to $124,999	155	120	40	6.6	9.6	3.6
$125,000 and over	80	55	20	3.4	4.4	1.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,075	1,555	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,915	1,460	1,460	94.8	93.9	96.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	51,600	34,400	42,400	51,600	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,915	1,460	1,460	94.8	93.9	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	45,200	31,600	38,400	45,200	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,685	1,375	1,310	87.3	88.4	86.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	51,600	30,800	40,400	51,600	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,340	1,225	1,115	76.1	78.8	73.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	54,800	33,200	43,200	54,800	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,470	1,210	1,255	80.3	77.8	82.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,260	720	6,000	2,260	720	6,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	285	95	185	9.3	6.1	12.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	4,600	5,120	5,000	4,600	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,110	1,560	1,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,925	1,450	1,480	94.1	92.9	95.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,000	58,250	39,960	49,000	58,250	39,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,925	1,450	1,480	94.1	92.9	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,520	48,080	35,120	41,520	48,080	35,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,685	1,360	1,325	86.3	87.2	85.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,240	57,650	36,600	47,240	57,650	36,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,385	1,255	1,130	76.7	80.4	72.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,960	57,800	37,000	47,960	57,800	37,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,450	1,185	1,265	78.8	76.0	81.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,750	4,940	8,440	6,750	4,940	8,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	290	110	180	9.3	7.1	11.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,400	6,300	9,700	8,400	6,300	9,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,110	1,565	1,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,270	785	485	40.8	50.2	31.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	69,000	52,000	61,200	69,000	52,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,400	71,000	54,000	64,400	71,000	54,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	800	340	460	25.7	21.7	29.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,600	35,200	19,600	27,600	35,200	19,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,300	40,200	26,500	32,300	40,200	26,500
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.4	93.0	82.0	88.4	93.0	82.0
Employment income (%)	80.0	86.4	70.8	80.0	86.4	70.8
Government transfers (%)	11.5	7.0	18.1	11.5	7.0	18.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	0.8	3.0	1.7	0.8	3.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	285	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,400	...	...	44,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,395	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	280	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	50,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,200	...	...	102,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	3.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	2.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	2.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	2.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	2.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	3.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80	...	...	5.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	75	...	...	5.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...	6.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	705	...	...	50.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	225	...	...	16.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	190	...	...	13.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	170	...	...	12.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	120	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	3.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	2.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...	3.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	2.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	100	...	...	7.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	110	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	100	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...	8.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...	9.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	535	...	...	38.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	245	...	...	17.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	120	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	175	...	...	12.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,085	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	340	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	580	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	400	220	180	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	46,800	37,600	42,800	46,800	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	40,800	34,000	38,400	40,800	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,090	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,400	...	...	118,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	350	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,600	...	...	103,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	560	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,500	...	...	137,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,400	...	...	116,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	415	220	195	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,000	57,200	54,800	56,000	57,200	54,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,800	47,200	46,400	46,800	47,200	46,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,845	1,955	1,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	905	470	435	23.5	24.0	23.0
0 to 5 years	360	190	175	9.4	9.7	9.3
18 to 64 years	2,470	1,240	1,230	64.2	63.4	65.1
65 years and over	475	240	230	12.4	12.3	12.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	330	165	165	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	75	40	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	175	80	95	...	...	...
65 years and over	75	45	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.5	8.3	8.8	8.5	8.3	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	8.4	8.0	8.4	8.4	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	10.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.1	6.4	7.7	7.1	6.4	7.7
65 years and over (%)	16.5	18.0	16.0	16.5	18.0	16.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,850	1,950	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	905	470	435	23.5	24.1	23.0
0 to 5 years	360	185	175	9.4	9.5	9.2
18 to 64 years	2,470	1,245	1,225	64.2	63.8	64.6
65 years and over	470	245	230	12.2	12.6	12.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	110	60	50	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	25	15	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	80	40	35	...	...	...
65 years and over	10	5	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	3.0	2.7	2.8	3.0	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.8	2.4	2.6	2.8	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	4.0	x	2.8	4.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.2	3.0	3.1	3.2	3.0
65 years and over (%)	2.0	2.0	1.6	2.0	2.0	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,845	1,955	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	1,735	870	860	45.1	44.5	45.4
In bottom decile	295	150	145	7.7	7.7	7.7
In second decile	325	150	170	8.5	7.7	9.0
In third decile	335	160	175	8.7	8.2	9.2
In fourth decile	350	195	155	9.1	10.0	8.2
In fifth decile	435	220	210	11.3	11.3	11.1
In top half of the distribution	2,110	1,080	1,035	54.9	55.2	54.6
In sixth decile	475	245	230	12.4	12.5	12.1
In seventh decile	490	250	240	12.7	12.8	12.7
In eighth decile	460	235	225	12.0	12.0	11.9
In ninth decile	420	210	215	10.9	10.7	11.3
In top decile	270	140	125	7.0	7.2	6.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,850	...	...	3,850	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.364	...	...	0.364	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.242	...	...	0.242	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,850	1,950	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	3,675	1,890	1,785	95.5	96.9	94.2
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	160	60	100	4.2	3.1	5.3
Neither English nor French	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,850	1,950	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,800	1,940	1,865	98.7	99.5	98.4
French	25	10	20	0.6	0.5	1.1
English and French	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,850	1,950	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	3,765	1,920	1,850	97.8	98.5	97.6
Official languages	3,360	1,705	1,660	87.3	87.4	87.6
English	3,330	1,690	1,640	86.5	86.7	86.5
French	35	15	25	0.9	0.8	1.3
Non-official languages	405	210	190	10.5	10.8	10.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	405	210	190	10.5	10.8	10.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	5	5	0.1	0.3	0.3
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	0.4	0.3	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0.4	0.3	0.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	325	170	155	8.4	8.7	8.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	20	1.2	1.3	1.1
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Slavic languages	40	25	20	1.0	1.3	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.8
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0.4	0.5	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	85	50	35	2.2	2.6	1.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	20	20	1.0	1.0	1.1
German	25	10	20	0.6	0.5	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	5	0.4	0.5	0.3
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	25	15	1.2	1.3	0.8
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	25	15	1.0	1.3	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	25	1.6	1.8	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	55	35	25	1.4	1.8	1.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	10	0.8	1.0	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Urdu	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	55	65	3.2	2.8	3.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	15	20	0.8	0.8	1.1
Portuguese	60	25	30	1.6	1.3	1.6
Romanian	10	0	5	0.3	0.0	0.3
Spanish	30	15	20	0.8	0.8	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	10	0.6	0.5	0.5
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0.1	0.3	0.3
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	5	0	0.0	0.3	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	80	35	45	2.1	1.8	2.4
English and French	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	70	25	40	1.8	1.3	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,850	1,950	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,440	1,760	1,680	89.4	90.3	88.7
French	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	50	20	25	1.3	1.0	1.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	20	25	1.3	1.0	1.3
English and French	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	320	160	155	8.3	8.2	8.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	10	0	0.1	0.5	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,850	1,950	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	3,790	1,925	1,870	98.4	98.7	98.7
Official languages	3,670	1,860	1,810	95.3	95.4	95.5
English	3,660	1,860	1,800	95.1	95.4	95.0
French	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	120	60	60	3.1	3.1	3.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	120	60	60	3.1	3.1	3.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	5	0.1	0.3	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	95	45	50	2.5	2.3	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	5	0.5	0.5	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.3	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.1	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	15	10	0.9	0.8	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	10	0.9	1.0	0.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	5	0.5	0.5	0.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0.1	0.3	0.3
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	0.9	0.8	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.1	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.5
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	55	30	25	1.4	1.5	1.3
English and French	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	30	25	1.3	1.5	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,845	1,955	1,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	3,550	1,810	1,740	92.3	92.6	91.8
English	60	35	25	1.6	1.8	1.3
French	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.8
Non-official language	195	95	105	5.1	4.9	5.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	195	95	105	5.1	4.9	5.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.4	0.5	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,850	1,930	1,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	3,835	1,925	1,910	99.6	99.7	99.7
English	3,835	1,925	1,910	99.6	99.7	99.7
French	145	60	85	3.8	3.1	4.4
Non-official languages	615	300	320	16.0	15.5	16.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	615	300	320	16.0	15.5	16.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	20	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	20	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	535	260	280	13.9	13.5	14.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	35	1.6	1.6	1.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	30	35	1.6	1.6	1.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	20	20	1.0	1.0	1.0
Russian	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	140	85	55	3.6	4.4	2.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	100	50	50	2.6	2.6	2.6
German	90	40	50	2.3	2.1	2.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	40	15	1.4	2.1	0.8
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	55	40	15	1.4	2.1	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	40	1.9	2.1	2.1
Indo-Aryan languages	55	30	20	1.4	1.6	1.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	10	0.9	0.8	0.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.8
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	100	145	6.4	5.2	7.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	50	25	25	1.3	1.3	1.3
Portuguese	110	45	60	2.9	2.3	3.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	85	30	55	2.2	1.6	2.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	50	20	35	1.3	1.0	1.8
Akan (Twi)	45	15	30	1.2	0.8	1.6
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.8
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.8
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,845	1,930	1,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	45	20	25	1.2	1.0	1.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	35	15	25	0.9	0.8	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	30	15	20	0.8	0.8	1.0
Métis	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,805	1,910	1,890	99.0	99.0	98.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,845	1,930	1,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,835	1,920	1,910	99.7	99.5	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,195	...	...	85.7	...	...
Renter	200	...	...	14.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	90	...	...	6.5	...	...
Not condominium	1,305	...	...	93.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	100	...	...	7.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	155	...	...	11.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	750	...	...	53.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	390	...	...	28.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	175	...	...	12.5	...	...
5 rooms	185	...	...	13.3	...	...
6 rooms	300	...	...	21.5	...	...
7 rooms	280	...	...	20.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	460	...	...	33.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,390	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	1,325	...	...	95.0	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	325	...	...	23.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	280	...	...	20.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	175	...	...	12.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	85	...	...	6.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	50	...	...	3.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	45	...	...	3.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	135	...	...	9.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	300	...	...	21.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,330	...	...	95.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	65	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	595	...	...	42.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	745	...	...	53.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	55	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	1.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	260	...	...	18.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	225	...	...	16.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	280	...	...	20.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	345	...	...	24.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	180	...	...	12.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	85	...	...	6.1	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,325	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,015	...	...	76.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	310	...	...	23.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	290	...	...	21.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	400	...	...	28.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	270	...	...	19.3	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	3.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	40	...	...	2.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	995	...	...	71.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	75	...	...	5.7	...	...
Not in core need	1,235	...	...	94.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,135	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	75.3	...	...	75.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.6	...	...	22.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.9	...	...	4.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,920	...	...	1,920	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,876	...	...	1,876	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	700,000	...	...	700,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	752,000	...	...	752,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	195	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.8	...	...	12.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.2	...	...	28.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.2	...	...	13.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,110	...	...	1,110	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,440	...	...	1,440	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,845	1,930	1,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	60	15	40	1.6	0.8	2.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	60	15	40	1.6	0.8	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	15	35	1.4	0.8	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,785	1,905	1,875	98.4	98.7	97.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,850	1,930	1,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,710	1,845	1,865	96.4	95.6	97.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	880	450	430	22.9	23.3	22.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,830	1,395	1,435	73.5	72.3	74.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	135	85	50	3.5	4.4	2.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,850	1,930	1,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,225	1,605	1,615	83.8	83.2	84.3
Immigrants⁸¹	625	320	300	16.2	16.6	15.7
Before 1980	195	95	95	5.1	4.9	5.0
1980 to 1990	100	45	60	2.6	2.3	3.1
1991 to 2000	135	65	70	3.5	3.4	3.7
2001 to 2010	110	60	50	2.9	3.1	2.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	85	60	30	2.2	3.1	1.6
2011 to 2015	25	15	15	0.6	0.8	0.8
2016 to 2021	65	50	10	1.7	2.6	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	620	320	300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	95	45	55	15.3	14.1	18.3
5 to 14 years	155	80	70	25.0	25.0	23.3
15 to 24 years	130	60	70	21.0	18.8	23.3
25 to 44 years	210	120	90	33.9	37.5	30.0
45 years and over	30	15	10	4.8	4.7	3.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	620	320	300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	165	70	95	26.6	21.9	31.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	15	0	15	2.4	0.0	5.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	45	15	25	7.3	4.7	8.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	2.4	0.0	3.3
United States of America	25	10	10	4.0	3.1	3.3
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	0	3.2	4.7	0.0
Europe	310	160	155	50.0	50.0	51.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	25	10	15	4.0	3.1	5.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	25	10	10	4.0	3.1	3.3
Netherlands	50	40	10	8.1	12.5	3.3
Poland	20	10	15	3.2	3.1	5.0
Portugal	35	25	10	5.6	7.8	3.3
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	90	20	70	14.5	6.3	23.3
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	15	5.6	6.3	5.0
Africa	55	25	30	8.9	7.8	10.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	3.3
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	20	7.3	7.8	6.7
Asia	85	60	20	13.7	18.8	6.7
Afghanistan	15	10	0	2.4	3.1	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	10	0	1.6	3.1	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	0	2.4	3.1	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	20	0	4.0	6.3	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	50	15	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	20	0	41.7	40.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	16.7	20.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	25	0	41.7	50.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	25	0	41.7	50.0	0.0
Africa	10	0	0	16.7	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	16.7	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	10	0	16.7	20.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,850	1,930	1,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	655	350	300	17.0	18.1	15.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	975	420	555	25.3	21.8	28.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	2,225	1,155	1,060	57.8	59.8	55.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	430	225	205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	135	80	50	31.4	35.6	24.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	40	30	15	9.3	13.3	7.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	90	55	35	20.9	24.4	17.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	170	85	85	39.5	37.8	41.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	100	40	60	23.3	17.8	29.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	30	15	10	7.0	6.7	4.9
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	430	225	205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	95	50	45	22.1	22.2	22.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	60	40	20	14.0	17.8	9.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	15	15	5.8	6.7	7.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	245	125	120	57.0	55.6	58.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,845	1,930	1,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	605	275	335	15.7	14.2	17.4
South Asian	115	65	50	3.0	3.4	2.6
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black	255	115	145	6.6	6.0	7.6
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	105	40	65	2.7	2.1	3.4
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	55	15	35	1.4	0.8	1.8
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	15	15	0.8	0.8	0.8
Multiple visible minorities	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.8
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,245	1,660	1,585	84.4	86.0	82.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,850	1,930	1,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	680	360	315	17.7	18.7	16.4
English	965	485	480	25.1	25.1	25.1
Irish	860	410	450	22.3	21.2	23.5
Scottish	745	370	380	19.4	19.2	19.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	180	85	95	4.7	4.4	5.0
German	405	195	210	10.5	10.1	11.0
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	270	135	135	7.0	7.0	7.0
Indian (India)	60	35	25	1.6	1.8	1.3
Ukrainian	75	40	35	1.9	2.1	1.8
Dutch	255	165	90	6.6	8.5	4.7
Polish	145	70	70	3.8	3.6	3.7
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	155	60	95	4.0	3.1	5.0
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	30	15	20	0.8	0.8	1.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	90	55	35	2.3	2.8	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	25	0	25	0.6	0.0	1.3
Métis	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	40	30	15	1.0	1.6	0.8
Russian	25	20	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Welsh	65	25	45	1.7	1.3	2.3
Portuguese	165	95	80	4.3	4.9	4.2
American	25	0	20	0.6	0.0	1.0
Spanish	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Swedish	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.8
Hungarian	40	20	15	1.0	1.0	0.8
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	20	20	1.0	1.0	1.0
Jewish	25	15	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	0	25	0.6	0.0	1.3
Jamaican	70	25	40	1.8	1.3	2.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	35	25	10	0.9	1.3	0.5
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	20	15	10	0.5	0.8	0.5
Swiss	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	15	10	0.5	0.8	0.5
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	55	25	30	1.4	1.3	1.6
Afghan	50	15	40	1.3	0.8	2.1
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	35	10	25	0.9	0.5	1.3
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	30	10	25	0.8	0.5	1.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	55	35	20	1.4	1.8	1.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	30	20	15	0.8	1.0	0.8
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Slovenian	20	0	20	0.5	0.0	1.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	40	15	25	1.0	0.8	1.3
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,845	1,930	1,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	2,105	1,000	1,105	54.7	51.8	57.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	410	190	220	10.7	9.8	11.5
Anabaptist	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Anglican	145	45	100	3.8	2.3	5.2
Baptist	65	30	30	1.7	1.6	1.6
Catholic	690	355	340	17.9	18.4	17.7
Christian Orthodox	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	40	15	25	1.0	0.8	1.3
Latter Day Saints	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Lutheran	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.8
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.8
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	125	50	75	3.3	2.6	3.9
Presbyterian	55	25	35	1.4	1.3	1.8
Reformed	70	30	40	1.8	1.6	2.1
United Church	300	160	140	7.8	8.3	7.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	115	50	60	3.0	2.6	3.1
Hindu	60	30	30	1.6	1.6	1.6
Jewish	20	15	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Muslim	70	20	45	1.8	1.0	2.3
Sikh	30	15	15	0.8	0.8	0.8
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
No religion and secular perspectives	1,545	840	710	40.2	43.5	37.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,770	1,910	1,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	3,235	1,645	1,590	85.8	86.1	85.3
Movers	535	260	275	14.2	13.6	14.7
Non-migrants	100	45	60	2.7	2.4	3.2
Migrants	435	215	215	11.5	11.3	11.5
Internal migrants	435	215	215	11.5	11.3	11.5
Intraprovincial migrants	430	215	215	11.4	11.3	11.5
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,510	1,770	1,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	1,835	970	870	52.3	54.8	50.0
Movers	1,670	800	870	47.6	45.2	50.0
Non-migrants	185	90	100	5.3	5.1	5.7
Migrants	1,485	715	775	42.3	40.4	44.5
Internal migrants	1,425	675	745	40.6	38.1	42.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,395	660	735	39.7	37.3	42.2
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	10	0.7	0.6	0.6
External migrants	65	40	25	1.9	2.3	1.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,110	1,565	1,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	620	390	230	19.9	24.9	14.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,495	1,175	1,315	80.2	75.1	84.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,235	1,100	1,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	320	205	115	14.3	18.6	10.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,915	900	1,015	85.7	81.8	89.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,110	1,565	1,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	570	360	210	18.3	23.0	13.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,060	570	490	34.1	36.4	31.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,480	630	850	47.6	40.3	54.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,045	490	550	33.6	31.3	35.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	195	155	30	6.3	9.9	1.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	65	45	20	2.1	2.9	1.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	130	120	15	4.2	7.7	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	795	310	480	25.6	19.8	31.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	15	35	1.9	1.0	2.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	435	140	295	14.0	8.9	19.0
Bachelor's degree	355	120	240	11.4	7.7	15.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	20	0.6	0.0	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	55	15	40	1.8	1.0	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,235	1,105	1,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	285	190	95	12.8	17.2	8.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	710	380	330	31.8	34.4	29.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,235	530	705	55.3	48.0	62.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	890	420	470	39.8	38.0	41.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	155	135	25	6.9	12.2	2.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	50	30	15	2.2	2.7	1.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	105	100	10	4.7	9.0	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	685	285	405	30.6	25.8	35.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	0	40	2.2	0.0	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	345	110	235	15.4	10.0	20.7
Bachelor's degree	265	85	175	11.9	7.7	15.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	60	15	40	2.7	1.4	3.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,115	1,565	1,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,635	935	705	52.5	59.7	45.6
Education	115	20	90	3.7	1.3	5.8
13. Education	115	20	90	3.7	1.3	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	10	30	1.3	0.6	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	10	30	1.3	0.6	1.9
Humanities	45	25	25	1.4	1.6	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150	20	130	4.8	1.3	8.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	0.5	0.0	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55	1.8	0.0	3.6
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	20	0.6	0.0	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	30	0	25	1.0	0.0	1.6
45. Social sciences	25	15	15	0.8	1.0	1.0
Business, management and public administration	225	60	170	7.2	3.8	11.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	35	1.3	0.0	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	190	55	135	6.1	3.5	8.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	15	40	1.6	1.0	2.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	0.5	0.0	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	0	1.0	1.3	0.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	0	1.0	1.3	0.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	320	305	15	10.3	19.5	1.0
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
14. Engineering	20	20	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60	55	0	1.9	3.5	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	90	90	0	2.9	5.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	100	100	0	3.2	6.4	0.0
48. Precision production	35	25	0	1.1	1.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	25	60	2.9	1.6	3.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	15	55	2.2	1.0	3.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	0.5	0.6	0.6
Health and related fields	270	50	220	8.7	3.2	14.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	20	1.1	1.0	1.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	235	30	200	7.5	1.9	12.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	90	55	4.5	5.8	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	50	10	35	1.6	0.6	2.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	75	55	15	2.4	3.5	1.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,235	1,105	1,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	995	570	430	44.5	51.6	38.1
Education	100	20	75	4.5	1.8	6.6
13. Education	100	20	75	4.5	1.8	6.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	10	30	1.8	0.9	2.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	10	30	1.8	0.9	2.7
Humanities	45	20	20	2.0	1.8	1.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.7	0.0	0.9
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	115	15	100	5.1	1.4	8.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	50	2.2	0.0	4.4
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.9
45. Social sciences	20	15	10	0.9	1.4	0.9
Business, management and public administration	185	50	135	8.3	4.5	11.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	165	50	115	7.4	4.5	10.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	10	25	1.6	0.9	2.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	0	0.9	1.4	0.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	0	0.9	1.4	0.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	280	265	15	12.5	24.0	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	0	0.9	0.9	0.0
14. Engineering	15	15	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	50	45	0	2.2	4.1	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	80	80	0	3.6	7.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	90	0	4.0	8.1	0.0
48. Precision production	25	20	0	1.1	1.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	10	60	3.1	0.9	5.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	0	50	2.5	0.0	4.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Health and related fields	235	45	190	10.5	4.1	16.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	10	20	1.3	0.9	1.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	205	30	170	9.2	2.7	15.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	75	40	5.1	6.8	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	10	30	1.8	0.9	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	55	15	2.9	5.0	1.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,235	1,105	1,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	995	570	430	44.5	51.6	38.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,235	530	700	55.3	48.0	61.9
Location of study inside Canada	1,125	470	650	50.3	42.5	57.5
Same as province or territory of residence	1,110	470	640	49.7	42.5	56.6
Different than province or territory of residence	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	110	60	50	4.9	5.4	4.4
Americas	60	30	30	2.7	2.7	2.7
United States of America	35	20	15	1.6	1.8	1.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	15	15	1.1	1.4	1.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	10	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,110	1,565	1,550	...	...	...
In the labour force	2,240	1,230	1,010	...	...	...
Employed	2,070	1,165	905	...	...	...
Unemployed	175	65	105	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	870	335	540	...	...	...
Participation rate	72.0	78.6	65.2	72.0	78.6	65.2
Employment rate	66.6	74.4	58.4	66.6	74.4	58.4
Unemployment rate	7.8	5.3	10.4	7.8	5.3	10.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,115	1,565	1,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	895	370	520	28.7	23.6	33.5
Worked	2,220	1,195	1,025	71.3	76.4	66.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,325	815	505	42.5	52.1	32.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	895	375	515	28.7	24.0	33.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	45.5	41.0	43.4	45.5	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,240	1,225	1,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	10	10	1.1	0.8	1.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,215	1,220	1,000	98.9	99.6	98.5
Employee	1,845	995	855	82.4	81.2	84.2
Permanent position	1,620	905	720	72.3	73.9	70.9
Temporary position	220	90	130	9.8	7.3	12.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	85	25	60	3.8	2.0	5.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	140	60	75	6.3	4.9	7.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	375	225	150	16.7	18.4	14.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,240	1,225	1,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	10	10	1.1	0.8	1.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,215	1,220	1,000	98.9	99.6	98.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	340	80	260	15.2	6.5	25.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	125	95	35	5.6	7.8	3.4
3 Health occupations	110	20	95	4.9	1.6	9.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	230	55	175	10.3	4.5	17.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	25	15	2.0	2.0	1.5
6 Sales and service occupations	440	160	280	19.6	13.1	27.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	655	590	60	29.2	48.2	5.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	145	90	55	6.5	7.3	5.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	120	90	30	5.4	7.3	3.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,240	1,225	1,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	10	10	1.1	0.8	1.0
All industries¹⁹¹	2,215	1,220	1,000	98.9	99.6	98.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135	95	40	6.0	7.8	3.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
23 Construction	305	260	40	13.6	21.2	3.9
31-33 Manufacturing	210	155	55	9.4	12.7	5.4
41 Wholesale trade	120	90	20	5.4	7.3	2.0
44-45 Retail trade	255	110	145	11.4	9.0	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	170	120	45	7.6	9.8	4.4
51 Information and cultural industries	25	10	20	1.1	0.8	2.0
52 Finance and insurance	80	15	60	3.6	1.2	5.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	20	30	2.5	1.6	3.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	85	30	55	3.8	2.4	5.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	130	70	65	5.8	5.7	6.4
61 Educational services	140	30	115	6.3	2.4	11.3
62 Health care and social assistance	195	20	175	8.7	1.6	17.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	10	20	1.3	0.8	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	65	25	40	2.9	2.0	3.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	95	65	35	4.2	5.3	3.4
91 Public administration	100	60	40	4.5	4.9	3.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,375	1,270	1,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,285	1,225	1,065	96.2	96.5	96.4
French	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.9
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	35	20	20	1.5	1.6	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	45	30	10	1.9	2.4	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,375	1,270	1,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,375	1,270	1,100	100.0	100.0	99.5
Official languages	2,345	1,255	1,090	98.7	98.8	98.6
English	2,340	1,255	1,085	98.5	98.8	98.2
French	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.9
Non-official languages	30	20	10	1.3	1.6	0.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	20	10	1.3	1.6	0.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	20	10	1.3	1.6	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,375	1,270	1,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	2,300	1,225	1,080	96.8	96.5	97.7
English	25	20	10	1.1	1.6	0.9
French	30	20	15	1.3	1.6	1.4
Non-official language	15	15	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	15	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,070	1,165	905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	455	180	275	22.0	15.5	30.4
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
No fixed workplace address	355	275	75	17.1	23.6	8.3
Usual place of work	1,250	700	550	60.4	60.1	60.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,250	700	550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	180	70	110	14.4	10.0	20.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	330	130	200	26.4	18.6	36.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	730	485	240	58.4	69.3	43.6
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.8	1.4	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,610	975	630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,520	945	575	94.4	96.9	91.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,445	915	530	89.8	93.8	84.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	75	30	45	4.7	3.1	7.1
Public transit	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.6
Walked	40	10	25	2.5	1.0	4.0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	40	25	15	2.5	2.6	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,610	975	630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	190	95	100	11.8	9.7	15.9
15 to 29 minutes	485	235	245	30.1	24.1	38.9
30 to 44 minutes	250	125	125	15.5	12.8	19.8
45 to 59 minutes	260	190	70	16.1	19.5	11.1
60 minutes and over	415	330	85	25.8	33.8	13.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,610	975	630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	230	170	60	14.3	17.4	9.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	355	250	100	22.0	25.6	15.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	355	200	160	22.0	20.5	25.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	205	70	135	12.7	7.2	21.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	160	65	90	9.9	6.7	14.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	305	215	95	18.9	22.1	15.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	915	475	440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	20	20	4.4	4.2	4.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	880	460	420	96.2	96.8	95.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	585	305	280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	20	15	5.1	6.6	5.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	0	1.7	1.6	0.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10	3.4	3.3	3.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	550	285	265	94.0	93.4	94.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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