Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Oakville, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision] Remove						OntarioMore information: [Province] Remove
	Counts			Rates			Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	213,759	...	...	...	...	...	14,223,942	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	193,832	...	...	...	...	...	13,448,494	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	10.3	...	...	10.3	...	...	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	76,179	...	...	...	...	...	5,929,250	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	73,558	...	...	...	...	...	5,491,201	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,538.5	...	...	1,538.5	...	...	15.9	...	...	15.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	138.94	...	...	...	...	...	892,411.76	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	213,760	103,480	110,280	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,223,945	6,970,855	7,253,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	38,435	19,540	18,895	18.0	18.9	17.1	2,251,795	1,155,630	1,096,160	15.8	16.6	15.1
0 to 4 years	9,280	4,710	4,570	4.3	4.6	4.1	683,515	350,035	333,480	4.8	5.0	4.6
5 to 9 years	12,875	6,535	6,345	6.0	6.3	5.8	764,430	392,380	372,050	5.4	5.6	5.1
10 to 14 years	16,285	8,300	7,985	7.6	8.0	7.2	803,850	413,215	390,635	5.7	5.9	5.4
15 to 64 years	141,725	68,860	72,865	66.3	66.5	66.1	9,334,440	4,616,340	4,718,100	65.6	66.2	65.0
15 to 19 years	16,665	8,535	8,135	7.8	8.2	7.4	801,455	413,485	387,970	5.6	5.9	5.3
20 to 24 years	13,375	6,875	6,500	6.3	6.6	5.9	895,600	465,525	430,075	6.3	6.7	5.9
25 to 29 years	10,175	5,175	5,000	4.8	5.0	4.5	975,400	497,185	478,215	6.9	7.1	6.6
30 to 34 years	10,315	4,865	5,445	4.8	4.7	4.9	981,210	487,465	493,745	6.9	7.0	6.8
35 to 39 years	12,755	5,870	6,885	6.0	5.7	6.2	948,030	463,170	484,860	6.7	6.6	6.7
40 to 44 years	15,105	6,805	8,295	7.1	6.6	7.5	890,160	427,860	462,295	6.3	6.1	6.4
45 to 49 years	17,780	8,410	9,370	8.3	8.1	8.5	894,580	430,580	464,005	6.3	6.2	6.4
50 to 54 years	17,615	8,595	9,015	8.2	8.3	8.2	941,270	455,420	485,845	6.6	6.5	6.7
55 to 59 years	15,255	7,545	7,705	7.1	7.3	7.0	1,040,160	507,700	532,465	7.3	7.3	7.3
60 to 64 years	12,680	6,175	6,510	5.9	6.0	5.9	966,575	467,955	498,625	6.8	6.7	6.9
65 years and over	33,595	15,080	18,520	15.7	14.6	16.8	2,637,710	1,198,880	1,438,825	18.5	17.2	19.8
65 to 69 years	9,665	4,490	5,170	4.5	4.3	4.7	813,215	386,325	426,890	5.7	5.5	5.9
70 to 74 years	8,345	3,760	4,580	3.9	3.6	4.2	691,280	325,435	365,840	4.9	4.7	5.0
75 to 79 years	6,300	2,915	3,385	2.9	2.8	3.1	469,485	217,485	252,000	3.3	3.1	3.5
80 to 84 years	4,530	2,070	2,465	2.1	2.0	2.2	325,110	143,070	182,045	2.3	2.1	2.5
85 years and over	4,760	1,845	2,915	2.2	1.8	2.6	338,620	126,565	212,050	2.4	1.8	2.9
85 to 89 years	2,910	1,215	1,695	1.4	1.2	1.5	205,480	83,875	121,605	1.4	1.2	1.7
90 to 94 years	1,455	515	940	0.7	0.5	0.9	101,430	34,715	66,710	0.7	0.5	0.9
95 to 99 years	360	100	255	0.2	0.1	0.2	28,000	7,235	20,770	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,705	745	2,965	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.0	18.9	17.1	18.0	18.9	17.1	15.8	16.6	15.1	15.8	16.6	15.1
15 to 64 years	66.3	66.5	66.1	66.3	66.5	66.1	65.6	66.2	65.0	65.6	66.2	65.0
65 years and over	15.7	14.6	16.8	15.7	14.6	16.8	18.5	17.2	19.8	18.5	17.2	19.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.8	2.6	2.2	1.8	2.6	2.4	1.8	2.9	2.4	1.8	2.9
Average age of the population	40.4	39.5	41.2	40.4	39.5	41.2	41.8	40.7	42.8	41.8	40.7	42.8
Median age of the population	41.6	40.8	42.8	41.6	40.8	42.8	41.6	40.0	42.8	41.6	40.0	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	73,555	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	43,130	...	...	58.6	...	...	2,942,990	...	...	53.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,310	...	...	4.5	...	...	303,260	...	...	5.5	...	...
Row house	12,470	...	...	17.0	...	...	505,265	...	...	9.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	950	...	...	1.3	...	...	181,030	...	...	3.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,680	...	...	6.4	...	...	548,785	...	...	10.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	8,955	...	...	12.2	...	...	984,665	...	...	17.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	60	...	...	0.1	...	...	10,220	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	14,985	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	13,425	...	...	18.3	...	...	1,452,540	...	...	26.5	...	...
2 persons	20,490	...	...	27.9	...	...	1,798,040	...	...	32.7	...	...
3 persons	14,040	...	...	19.1	...	...	872,480	...	...	15.9	...	...
4 persons	16,660	...	...	22.6	...	...	825,445	...	...	15.0	...	...
5 or more persons	8,950	...	...	12.2	...	...	542,700	...	...	9.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	212,055	102,875	109,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,760	7,143,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	175,320	83,935	91,380	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,972,145	5,815,220	6,156,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	107,775	53,535	54,240	61.5	63.8	59.4	6,769,725	3,384,485	3,385,240	56.5	58.2	55.0
Married	99,815	49,545	50,265	56.9	59.0	55.0	5,738,390	2,866,825	2,871,565	47.9	49.3	46.6
Living common-law	7,965	3,985	3,975	4.5	4.7	4.3	1,031,340	517,665	513,670	8.6	8.9	8.3
Living common law - Never married	5,140	2,560	2,580	2.9	3.0	2.8	727,825	366,175	361,650	6.1	6.3	5.9
Living common law - Separated	380	215	165	0.2	0.3	0.2	55,440	29,445	25,995	0.5	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	2,205	1,095	1,110	1.3	1.3	1.2	220,445	110,510	109,935	1.8	1.9	1.8
Living common law - Widowed	240	120	125	0.1	0.1	0.1	27,625	11,535	16,095	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	67,540	30,405	37,140	38.5	36.2	40.6	5,202,420	2,430,735	2,771,690	43.5	41.8	45.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	48,125	25,020	23,100	27.4	29.8	25.3	3,515,215	1,885,705	1,629,515	29.4	32.4	26.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	3,710	1,380	2,330	2.1	1.6	2.5	333,775	139,675	194,100	2.8	2.4	3.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	7,855	2,490	5,360	4.5	3.0	5.9	695,630	266,865	428,765	5.8	4.6	7.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	7,860	1,510	6,350	4.5	1.8	6.9	657,800	138,495	519,305	5.5	2.4	8.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	60,680	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,969,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	22,795	...	...	37.6	...	...	1,936,595	...	...	48.8	...	...
3 persons	14,555	...	...	24.0	...	...	877,660	...	...	22.1	...	...
4 persons	17,150	...	...	28.3	...	...	811,380	...	...	20.4	...	...
5 or more persons	6,180	...	...	10.2	...	...	344,035	...	...	8.7	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	60,680	...	...	100.0	...	...	3,969,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	52,555	...	...	86.6	...	...	3,291,560	...	...	82.9	...	...
Married couples	48,575	...	...	80.1	...	...	2,776,165	...	...	69.9	...	...
With children⁶	32,900	...	...	54.2	...	...	1,571,480	...	...	39.6	...	...
Without children	15,675	...	...	25.8	...	...	1,204,680	...	...	30.3	...	...
Common-law couples	3,980	...	...	6.6	...	...	515,395	...	...	13.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,485	...	...	2.4	...	...	189,835	...	...	4.8	...	...
Without children	2,495	...	...	4.1	...	...	325,560	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	8,125	...	...	13.4	...	...	678,110	...	...	17.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	6,545	...	...	10.8	...	...	538,450	...	...	13.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	1,575	...	...	2.6	...	...	139,660	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	212,060	102,875	109,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,760	7,143,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	190,240	94,195	96,050	89.7	91.6	88.0	11,601,460	5,741,475	5,859,990	82.7	83.4	82.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	105,110	52,570	52,545	49.6	51.1	48.1	6,583,120	3,292,585	3,290,525	46.9	47.8	46.1
Parents in one-parent families	8,120	1,580	6,545	3.8	1.5	6.0	678,110	139,660	538,450	4.8	2.0	7.5
Children⁶	77,010	40,050	36,960	36.3	38.9	33.9	4,340,235	2,309,225	2,031,005	30.9	33.5	28.4
In a two-parent family	64,310	33,360	30,955	30.3	32.4	28.4	3,281,460	1,736,630	1,544,825	23.4	25.2	21.6
In a one-parent family	12,705	6,695	6,010	6.0	6.5	5.5	1,058,775	572,595	486,185	7.5	8.3	6.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	21,815	8,680	13,135	10.3	8.4	12.0	2,430,295	1,146,280	1,284,010	17.3	16.6	18.0
Living alone	13,420	5,050	8,370	6.3	4.9	7.7	1,452,540	651,180	801,365	10.4	9.5	11.2
Living with other relatives⁷	4,175	1,420	2,755	2.0	1.4	2.5	388,780	155,465	233,320	2.8	2.3	3.3
Living with non-relatives only	4,220	2,210	2,010	2.0	2.1	1.8	588,970	339,640	249,325	4.2	4.9	3.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	52,835	...	...	71.8	...	...	3,347,195	...	...	61.0	...	...
Couple-family households	46,285	...	...	62.9	...	...	2,841,660	...	...	51.7	...	...
With children⁶	30,675	...	...	41.7	...	...	1,517,365	...	...	27.6	...	...
Without children	15,610	...	...	21.2	...	...	1,324,295	...	...	24.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	6,555	...	...	8.9	...	...	505,535	...	...	9.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	3,270	...	...	4.4	...	...	221,120	...	...	4.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	480	...	...	0.7	...	...	45,215	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	1,875	...	...	2.5	...	...	184,430	...	...	3.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,675	...	...	2.3	...	...	240,700	...	...	4.4	...	...
One-person households	13,420	...	...	18.2	...	...	1,452,540	...	...	26.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	173,625	83,340	90,290	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,845	5,733,680	6,049,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	164,380	78,840	85,535	94.7	94.6	94.7	11,294,815	5,485,375	5,809,440	95.9	95.7	96.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,200	57,600	40,400	47,200	57,600	40,400	41,200	46,000	37,200	41,200	46,000	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	164,495	78,890	85,605	94.7	94.7	94.8	11,300,805	5,488,490	5,812,320	95.9	95.7	96.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	49,600	36,800	42,000	49,600	36,800	37,200	41,200	34,000	37,200	41,200	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	151,800	74,060	77,740	87.4	88.9	86.1	10,010,415	4,968,685	5,041,730	85.0	86.7	83.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	56,000	34,400	43,600	56,000	34,400	36,000	43,200	29,800	36,000	43,200	29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	121,885	62,080	59,800	70.2	74.5	66.2	8,153,180	4,198,670	3,954,510	69.2	73.2	65.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	58,000	38,400	46,800	58,000	38,400	38,000	43,600	32,800	38,000	43,600	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	142,625	67,465	75,160	82.1	81.0	83.2	10,239,835	4,910,535	5,329,295	86.9	85.6	88.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	3,680	7,200	5,880	3,680	7,200	8,900	6,850	10,400	8,900	6,850	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,765	4,405	6,365	6.2	5.3	7.0	1,054,225	467,500	586,725	8.9	8.2	9.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,480	5,840	5,600	5,480	5,840	5,600	5,520	5,640	5,600	5,520	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	45,055	21,440	23,610	25.9	25.7	26.1	3,327,770	1,623,900	1,703,870	28.2	28.3	28.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,500	8,000	8,000	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	173,625	83,340	90,290	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	164,420	78,760	85,660	94.7	94.5	94.9	11,296,770	5,486,720	5,810,050	95.9	95.7	96.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	81,800	104,700	60,800	81,800	104,700	60,800	56,350	64,900	48,280	56,350	64,900	48,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	164,560	78,825	85,740	94.8	94.6	95.0	11,302,690	5,489,710	5,812,980	95.9	95.8	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	61,000	74,700	48,400	61,000	74,700	48,400	46,280	51,900	41,000	46,280	51,900	41,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	151,890	73,990	77,900	87.5	88.8	86.3	10,011,345	4,970,240	5,041,105	85.0	86.7	83.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	80,400	104,500	57,400	80,400	104,500	57,400	52,700	62,350	43,240	52,700	62,350	43,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	121,885	61,865	60,015	70.2	74.2	66.5	8,153,185	4,198,665	3,954,515	69.2	73.2	65.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	81,500	103,400	58,900	81,500	103,400	58,900	52,600	60,500	44,200	52,600	60,500	44,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	142,425	67,080	75,345	82.0	80.5	83.4	10,242,610	4,912,020	5,330,580	86.9	85.7	88.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,760	7,640	9,760	8,760	7,640	9,760	10,640	9,440	11,740	10,640	9,440	11,740
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,720	4,240	6,485	6.2	5.1	7.2	1,052,985	466,380	586,605	8.9	8.1	9.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,890	6,045	7,440	6,890	6,045	7,440	6,640	6,120	7,060	6,640	6,120	7,060
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45,015	21,150	23,865	25.9	25.4	26.4	3,321,155	1,619,825	1,701,335	28.2	28.3	28.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,050	8,930	9,150	9,050	8,930	9,150	9,300	9,150	9,450	9,300	9,150	9,450
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	173,625	83,335	90,290	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,825	5,733,365	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	60,755	33,915	26,840	35.0	40.7	29.7	3,865,695	2,145,810	1,719,885	32.8	37.4	28.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	91,000	103,000	78,500	91,000	103,000	78,500	67,000	72,000	61,600	67,000	72,000	61,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	127,300	152,000	96,100	127,300	152,000	96,100	82,400	90,700	72,000	82,400	90,700	72,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	45,015	20,115	24,905	25.9	24.1	27.6	3,112,160	1,451,440	1,660,720	26.4	25.3	27.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	17,800	15,000	16,200	17,800	15,000	17,400	19,400	16,000	17,400	19,400	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	40,880	53,200	30,920	40,880	53,200	30,920	28,520	32,760	24,820	28,520	32,760	24,820
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.8	93.8	85.8	90.8	93.8	85.8	82.8	87.0	77.8	82.8	87.0	77.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.8	77.6	68.0	73.8	77.6	68.0	67.4	71.4	62.3	67.4	71.4	62.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	9.3	6.2	14.1	9.3	6.2	14.1	17.1	13.0	22.3	17.1	13.0	22.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.3	0.9	0.6	0.3	0.9	1.1	0.8	1.5	1.1	0.8	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.4	2.5	4.8	3.4	2.5	4.8	5.5	4.5	6.7	5.5	4.5	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.0	2.3	4.2	3.0	2.3	4.2	4.9	4.2	5.7	4.9	4.2	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	173,625	83,335	90,285	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,845	5,733,685	6,049,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	9,245	4,495	4,750	5.3	5.4	5.3	488,030	248,310	239,725	4.1	4.3	4.0
With total income	164,375	78,840	85,540	94.7	94.6	94.7	11,294,815	5,485,375	5,809,440	95.9	95.7	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	19,070	7,950	11,120	11.6	10.1	13.0	977,950	423,650	554,300	8.7	7.7	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	18,710	7,905	10,805	11.4	10.0	12.6	1,383,475	596,755	786,720	12.2	10.9	13.5
$20,000 to $29,999	20,090	8,470	11,620	12.2	10.7	13.6	1,752,040	763,295	988,745	15.5	13.9	17.0
$30,000 to $39,999	14,975	6,200	8,780	9.1	7.9	10.3	1,388,215	609,735	778,480	12.3	11.1	13.4
$40,000 to $49,999	12,640	5,345	7,295	7.7	6.8	8.5	1,190,885	547,655	643,230	10.5	10.0	11.1
$50,000 to $59,999	10,785	4,625	6,160	6.6	5.9	7.2	985,270	468,060	517,205	8.7	8.5	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	9,270	4,195	5,075	5.6	5.3	5.9	782,980	396,770	386,210	6.9	7.2	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	8,150	3,895	4,260	5.0	4.9	5.0	612,620	331,080	281,545	5.4	6.0	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	6,945	3,455	3,485	4.2	4.4	4.1	477,445	271,290	206,150	4.2	4.9	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	6,135	3,100	3,035	3.7	3.9	3.5	385,830	218,395	167,435	3.4	4.0	2.9
$100,000 and over	37,610	23,705	13,910	22.9	30.1	16.3	1,358,115	858,695	499,415	12.0	15.7	8.6
$100,000 to $149,999	19,385	10,765	8,620	11.8	13.7	10.1	897,615	538,590	359,025	7.9	9.8	6.2
$150,000 and over	18,225	12,935	5,285	11.1	16.4	6.2	460,495	320,105	140,395	4.1	5.8	2.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	173,625	83,335	90,285	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,845	5,733,685	6,049,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	9,130	4,450	4,680	5.3	5.3	5.2	482,035	245,195	236,845	4.1	4.3	3.9
With after-tax income	164,495	78,885	85,605	94.7	94.7	94.8	11,300,805	5,488,490	5,812,315	95.9	95.7	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20,155	8,335	11,820	12.3	10.6	13.8	1,025,995	440,280	585,715	9.1	8.0	10.1
$10,000 to $19,999	19,565	8,295	11,270	11.9	10.5	13.2	1,442,850	625,100	817,750	12.8	11.4	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	22,230	9,340	12,885	13.5	11.8	15.1	1,967,040	859,195	1,107,840	17.4	15.7	19.1
$30,000 to $39,999	17,225	7,285	9,940	10.5	9.2	11.6	1,621,120	733,430	887,690	14.3	13.4	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	14,835	6,355	8,480	9.0	8.1	9.9	1,384,490	655,400	729,090	12.3	11.9	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	12,565	5,685	6,880	7.6	7.2	8.0	1,068,365	535,895	532,470	9.5	9.8	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	10,385	4,960	5,430	6.3	6.3	6.3	782,135	422,645	359,495	6.9	7.7	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	8,885	4,520	4,370	5.4	5.7	5.1	572,210	325,895	246,315	5.1	5.9	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	8,365	4,155	4,210	5.1	5.3	4.9	457,650	249,665	207,980	4.0	4.5	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	6,100	3,425	2,670	3.7	4.3	3.1	280,640	169,480	111,160	2.5	3.1	1.9
$100,000 and over	24,180	16,530	7,645	14.7	21.0	8.9	698,310	471,495	226,815	6.2	8.6	3.9
$100,000 to $124,999	9,385	5,805	3,575	5.7	7.4	4.2	344,450	223,970	120,480	3.0	4.1	2.1
$125,000 and over	14,795	10,720	4,070	9.0	13.6	4.8	353,860	247,525	106,335	3.1	4.5	1.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	173,625	83,335	90,285	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,845	5,733,685	6,049,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	51,740	21,255	30,485	29.8	25.5	33.8	3,629,670	1,535,015	2,094,650	30.8	26.8	34.6
With employment income	121,885	62,085	59,805	70.2	74.5	66.2	8,153,175	4,198,665	3,954,510	69.2	73.2	65.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	19,170	9,105	10,070	15.7	14.7	16.8	1,218,885	604,555	614,330	14.9	14.4	15.5
$5,000 to $9,999	10,090	4,500	5,595	8.3	7.2	9.4	688,670	304,845	383,825	8.4	7.3	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	11,700	5,235	6,460	9.6	8.4	10.8	928,840	424,990	503,850	11.4	10.1	12.7
$20,000 to $29,999	8,080	3,670	4,410	6.6	5.9	7.4	696,570	325,510	371,065	8.5	7.8	9.4
$30,000 to $39,999	7,055	3,090	3,965	5.8	5.0	6.6	677,110	320,720	356,390	8.3	7.6	9.0
$40,000 to $49,999	6,880	3,065	3,825	5.6	4.9	6.4	672,005	320,925	351,080	8.2	7.6	8.9
$50,000 to $59,999	6,775	3,050	3,720	5.6	4.9	6.2	611,665	307,370	304,290	7.5	7.3	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	6,275	2,920	3,355	5.1	4.7	5.6	519,955	278,350	241,605	6.4	6.6	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	5,495	2,635	2,865	4.5	4.2	4.8	419,875	237,375	182,500	5.1	5.7	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	4,940	2,485	2,455	4.1	4.0	4.1	352,235	207,090	145,150	4.3	4.9	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	4,955	2,450	2,505	4.1	3.9	4.2	316,750	176,135	140,615	3.9	4.2	3.6
$100,000 and over	30,470	19,885	10,580	25.0	32.0	17.7	1,050,620	690,800	359,820	12.9	16.5	9.1
$100,000 to $124,999	9,980	5,415	4,560	8.2	8.7	7.6	489,720	295,720	194,005	6.0	7.0	4.9
$125,000 and over	20,490	14,465	6,025	16.8	23.3	10.1	560,895	395,080	165,810	6.9	9.4	4.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	173,625	83,340	90,290	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,845	5,733,680	6,049,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	159,170	76,155	83,015	91.7	91.4	91.9	11,051,405	5,357,685	5,693,725	93.8	93.4	94.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	58,000	38,400	46,400	58,000	38,400	39,200	44,800	34,400	39,200	44,800	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	159,235	76,175	83,060	91.7	91.4	92.0	11,055,345	5,358,275	5,697,070	93.8	93.5	94.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	50,000	34,800	40,800	50,000	34,800	35,600	40,000	31,600	35,600	40,000	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	148,345	72,315	76,035	85.4	86.8	84.2	9,877,245	4,895,500	4,981,740	83.8	85.4	82.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	57,600	36,400	45,200	57,600	36,400	37,600	44,400	31,800	37,600	44,400	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	120,925	61,575	59,355	69.6	73.9	65.7	8,159,090	4,190,670	3,968,420	69.2	73.1	65.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,200	58,400	39,200	47,200	58,400	39,200	38,800	44,400	34,000	38,800	44,400	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	131,360	62,750	68,605	75.7	75.3	76.0	9,643,335	4,616,005	5,027,335	81.8	80.5	83.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,070	660	2,320	1,070	660	2,320	2,200	1,010	4,920	2,200	1,010	4,920
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	6,830	2,345	4,485	3.9	2.8	5.0	723,990	308,550	415,450	6.1	5.4	6.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,320	5,160	7,150	6,320	5,160	7,150	5,640	5,360	5,960	5,640	5,360	5,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	173,625	83,340	90,290	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	159,170	76,130	83,035	91.7	91.3	92.0	11,053,285	5,358,015	5,695,270	93.8	93.5	94.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	80,600	105,600	57,700	80,600	105,600	57,700	53,800	62,850	45,320	53,800	62,850	45,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	159,250	76,165	83,080	91.7	91.4	92.0	11,057,080	5,358,540	5,698,545	93.8	93.5	94.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,100	75,500	45,920	60,100	75,500	45,920	44,080	50,120	38,400	44,080	50,120	38,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	147,990	72,160	75,835	85.2	86.6	84.0	9,878,270	4,896,015	4,982,255	83.8	85.4	82.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	81,700	107,500	57,150	81,700	107,500	57,150	53,250	63,150	43,520	53,250	63,150	43,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	120,880	61,625	59,255	69.6	73.9	65.6	8,160,870	4,191,675	3,969,185	69.3	73.1	65.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	80,900	102,900	58,000	80,900	102,900	58,000	52,700	60,850	44,120	52,700	60,850	44,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	131,020	62,375	68,645	75.5	74.8	76.0	9,644,415	4,616,310	5,028,100	81.9	80.5	83.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,610	4,504	6,620	5,610	4,504	6,620	7,150	5,990	8,210	7,150	5,990	8,210
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,805	2,255	4,545	3.9	2.7	5.0	725,250	308,485	416,760	6.2	5.4	6.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,930	6,450	8,670	7,930	6,450	8,670	7,340	6,410	8,030	7,340	6,410	8,030
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	173,625	83,335	90,290	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,825	5,733,365	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	59,955	33,495	26,455	34.5	40.2	29.3	3,830,200	2,124,710	1,705,495	32.5	37.1	28.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	86,000	98,000	73,000	86,000	98,000	73,000	62,800	68,500	56,800	62,800	68,500	56,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	121,900	147,800	89,100	121,900	147,800	89,100	77,800	86,600	66,800	77,800	86,600	66,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	41,640	18,830	22,815	24.0	22.6	25.3	2,925,680	1,365,355	1,560,325	24.8	23.8	25.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,200	23,600	21,000	22,200	23,600	21,000	23,600	26,200	21,800	23,600	26,200	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	46,920	59,500	36,560	46,920	59,500	36,560	34,640	39,840	30,040	34,640	39,840	30,040
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.2	96.6	90.6	94.2	96.6	90.6	88.4	91.8	84.0	88.4	91.8	84.0
Employment income (%)	76.2	78.8	71.8	76.2	78.8	71.8	72.4	75.8	67.8	72.4	75.8	67.8
Government transfers (%)	5.7	3.5	9.5	5.7	3.5	9.5	11.6	8.2	16.0	11.6	8.2	16.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	0.2	0.8	0.4	0.2	0.8	0.9	0.6	1.3	0.9	0.6	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	73,560	...	...	...	...	...	5,491,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	13,420	...	...	...	...	...	1,452,540	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...	43,600	...	...	43,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	47,600	...	...	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	60,135	...	...	...	...	...	4,038,660	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	73,560	...	...	...	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	182,800	...	...	182,800	...	...	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	136,600	...	...	136,600	...	...	95,300	...	...	95,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,430	...	...	...	...	...	1,451,915	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	75,900	...	...	75,900	...	...	57,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,400	...	...	59,400	...	...	47,320	...	...	47,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	60,130	...	...	...	...	...	4,039,285	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	206,800	...	...	206,800	...	...	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	153,800	...	...	153,800	...	...	112,500	...	...	112,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	940	...	...	1.3	...	...	61,515	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	410	...	...	0.6	...	...	30,860	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	590	...	...	0.8	...	...	63,360	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	765	...	...	1.0	...	...	96,980	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,430	...	...	1.9	...	...	186,250	...	...	3.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,460	...	...	2.0	...	...	168,345	...	...	3.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,325	...	...	1.8	...	...	158,810	...	...	2.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,505	...	...	2.0	...	...	175,890	...	...	3.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,570	...	...	2.1	...	...	182,900	...	...	3.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,625	...	...	2.2	...	...	182,945	...	...	3.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,330	...	...	4.5	...	...	370,350	...	...	6.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,475	...	...	4.7	...	...	364,585	...	...	6.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,455	...	...	4.7	...	...	350,520	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,230	...	...	4.4	...	...	332,395	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,205	...	...	4.4	...	...	310,400	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	45,250	...	...	61.5	...	...	2,455,095	...	...	44.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,515	...	...	10.2	...	...	662,625	...	...	12.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	6,580	...	...	8.9	...	...	500,495	...	...	9.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10,540	...	...	14.3	...	...	630,420	...	...	11.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	20,615	...	...	28.0	...	...	661,550	...	...	12.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	1,200	...	...	1.6	...	...	69,645	...	...	1.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	430	...	...	0.6	...	...	32,100	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	605	...	...	0.8	...	...	65,025	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	815	...	...	1.1	...	...	101,865	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,535	...	...	2.1	...	...	197,995	...	...	3.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,630	...	...	2.2	...	...	190,225	...	...	3.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,505	...	...	2.0	...	...	183,505	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,755	...	...	2.4	...	...	204,300	...	...	3.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,870	...	...	2.5	...	...	215,785	...	...	3.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,985	...	...	2.7	...	...	217,105	...	...	4.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,155	...	...	5.6	...	...	440,280	...	...	8.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,120	...	...	5.6	...	...	430,860	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,095	...	...	5.6	...	...	409,865	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,175	...	...	5.7	...	...	385,295	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,945	...	...	5.4	...	...	343,595	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	39,740	...	...	54.0	...	...	2,003,770	...	...	36.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	8,875	...	...	12.1	...	...	685,485	...	...	12.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	7,505	...	...	10.2	...	...	472,130	...	...	8.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	23,360	...	...	31.8	...	...	846,155	...	...	15.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	59,055	...	...	...	...	...	3,875,790	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	15,865	...	...	...	...	...	1,361,615	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	34,460	...	...	...	...	...	1,770,030	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	184,000	...	...	184,000	...	...	141,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,505	...	...	...	...	...	610,815	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	17,640	7,260	10,380	...	...	...	2,041,505	990,815	1,050,690	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800	50,800	47,200	48,800	50,800	47,200	38,800	40,000	38,000	38,800	40,000	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	44,800	42,000	43,200	44,800	42,000	35,600	36,000	35,200	35,600	36,000	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	59,035	...	...	...	...	...	3,873,665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	207,400	...	...	207,400	...	...	137,200	...	...	137,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	153,800	...	...	153,800	...	...	112,200	...	...	112,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15,820	...	...	...	...	...	1,359,275	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	171,800	...	...	171,800	...	...	119,500	...	...	119,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	128,600	...	...	128,600	...	...	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	34,540	...	...	...	...	...	1,773,005	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	245,600	...	...	245,600	...	...	168,800	...	...	168,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	180,000	...	...	180,000	...	...	136,600	...	...	136,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,450	...	...	...	...	...	607,780	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	114,500	...	...	114,500	...	...	87,100	...	...	87,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	91,400	...	...	91,400	...	...	76,100	...	...	76,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	17,650	7,270	10,385	...	...	...	2,039,230	985,390	1,053,840	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	68,700	78,100	62,100	68,700	78,100	62,100	51,800	54,250	49,480	51,800	54,250	49,480
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,350	59,100	51,040	54,350	59,100	51,040	43,440	44,880	42,120	43,440	44,880	42,120
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	212,055	102,870	109,185	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,755	7,143,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	48,740	24,755	23,985	23.0	24.1	22.0	2,726,265	1,400,695	1,325,570	19.4	20.3	18.6
0 to 5 years	11,610	5,900	5,710	5.5	5.7	5.2	831,185	425,620	405,560	5.9	6.2	5.7
18 to 64 years	131,205	63,510	67,700	61.9	61.7	62.0	8,795,220	4,328,780	4,466,440	62.7	62.8	62.5
65 years and over	32,110	14,610	17,505	15.1	14.2	16.0	2,510,270	1,158,280	1,351,985	17.9	16.8	18.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	18,135	8,270	9,870	...	...	...	1,420,525	664,975	755,550	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	5,135	2,580	2,555	...	...	...	314,150	161,695	152,455	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	1,135	590	545	...	...	...	102,930	52,570	50,360	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	10,185	4,635	5,550	...	...	...	803,215	385,100	418,120	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,820	1,050	1,765	...	...	...	303,160	118,180	184,980	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.6	8.0	9.0	8.6	8.0	9.0	10.1	9.7	10.6	10.1	9.7	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.5	10.4	10.7	10.5	10.4	10.7	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	10.0	9.6	9.8	10.0	9.6	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	7.3	8.2	7.8	7.3	8.2	9.1	8.9	9.4	9.1	8.9	9.4
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.2	10.1	8.8	7.2	10.1	12.1	10.2	13.7	12.1	10.2	13.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	212,060	102,875	109,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,977,120	6,860,325	7,116,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	48,735	24,750	23,980	23.0	24.1	22.0	2,709,120	1,391,825	1,317,290	19.4	20.3	18.5
0 to 5 years	11,610	5,895	5,715	5.5	5.7	5.2	825,865	422,885	402,980	5.9	6.2	5.7
18 to 64 years	131,210	63,510	67,700	61.9	61.7	62.0	8,763,785	4,313,030	4,450,755	62.7	62.9	62.5
65 years and over	32,110	14,610	17,500	15.1	14.2	16.0	2,504,220	1,155,470	1,348,745	17.9	16.8	19.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	12,100	5,740	6,355	...	...	...	738,795	379,035	359,760	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	3,320	1,685	1,635	...	...	...	126,035	64,885	61,150	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	675	365	315	...	...	...	39,415	20,100	19,315	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	7,595	3,565	4,030	...	...	...	541,410	283,705	257,710	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,180	490	690	...	...	...	71,350	30,450	40,900	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.7	5.6	5.8	5.7	5.6	5.8	5.3	5.5	5.1	5.3	5.5	5.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	6.8	6.8	6.8	6.8	6.8	4.7	4.7	4.6	4.7	4.7	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.8	6.1	5.6	5.8	6.1	5.6	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.6	6.0	5.8	5.6	6.0	6.2	6.6	5.8	6.2	6.6	5.8
65 years and over (%)	3.7	3.4	3.9	3.7	3.4	3.9	2.9	2.6	3.0	2.9	2.6	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	212,055	102,875	109,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,760	7,143,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	67,910	31,610	36,305	32.0	30.7	33.3	6,516,085	3,131,205	3,384,880	46.4	45.5	47.4
In bottom decile	16,415	7,655	8,755	7.7	7.4	8.0	1,318,120	643,165	674,955	9.4	9.3	9.4
In second decile	12,380	5,510	6,870	5.8	5.4	6.3	1,283,940	594,495	689,440	9.2	8.6	9.7
In third decile	12,435	5,765	6,665	5.9	5.6	6.1	1,292,030	618,405	673,625	9.2	9.0	9.4
In fourth decile	12,620	5,975	6,645	6.0	5.8	6.1	1,296,710	628,155	668,555	9.2	9.1	9.4
In fifth decile	14,070	6,705	7,360	6.6	6.5	6.7	1,325,280	646,975	678,300	9.4	9.4	9.5
In top half of the distribution	144,145	71,265	72,885	68.0	69.3	66.8	7,515,670	3,756,555	3,759,115	53.6	54.5	52.6
In sixth decile	15,740	7,570	8,170	7.4	7.4	7.5	1,365,960	672,380	693,580	9.7	9.8	9.7
In seventh decile	18,535	8,950	9,585	8.7	8.7	8.8	1,415,070	700,525	714,550	10.1	10.2	10.0
In eighth decile	22,440	11,020	11,425	10.6	10.7	10.5	1,482,300	739,210	743,095	10.6	10.7	10.4
In ninth decile	31,320	15,430	15,890	14.8	15.0	14.6	1,581,535	794,505	787,030	11.3	11.5	11.0
In top decile	56,110	28,295	27,815	26.5	27.5	25.5	1,670,800	849,940	820,865	11.9	12.3	11.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	212,060	...	...	212,060	...	...	14,031,755	...	...	14,031,755	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.433	...	...	0.433	...	...	0.357	...	...	0.357	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.499	...	...	0.499	...	...	0.470	...	...	0.470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.366	...	...	0.366	...	...	0.308	...	...	0.308	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	212,915	103,130	109,790	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,920	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	184,520	91,060	93,465	86.7	88.3	85.1	12,196,575	6,083,990	6,112,590	86.5	87.9	85.1
French only	150	50	95	0.1	0.0	0.1	39,310	17,190	22,125	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and French	23,390	10,100	13,285	11.0	9.8	12.1	1,519,365	678,385	840,975	10.8	9.8	11.7
Neither English nor French	4,855	1,915	2,940	2.3	1.9	2.7	344,545	138,355	206,185	2.4	2.0	2.9
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	212,915	103,130	109,790	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,920	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	202,470	98,730	103,740	95.1	95.7	94.5	13,179,535	6,510,015	6,669,520	93.5	94.1	92.9
French	3,270	1,445	1,830	1.5	1.4	1.7	484,425	227,550	256,875	3.4	3.3	3.6
English and French	2,410	1,085	1,330	1.1	1.1	1.2	98,270	45,480	52,790	0.7	0.7	0.7
Neither English nor French	4,760	1,880	2,880	2.2	1.8	2.6	337,560	134,870	202,685	2.4	1.9	2.8
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	212,915	103,130	109,790	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,920	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	199,910	96,890	103,020	93.9	93.9	93.8	13,430,605	6,594,620	6,835,990	95.3	95.3	95.2
Official languages	125,220	61,800	63,425	58.8	59.9	57.8	9,642,770	4,785,140	4,857,635	68.4	69.2	67.6
English	122,255	60,480	61,770	57.4	58.6	56.3	9,179,655	4,566,580	4,613,080	65.1	66.0	64.2
French	2,970	1,315	1,650	1.4	1.3	1.5	463,120	218,560	244,550	3.3	3.2	3.4
Non-official languages	74,685	35,090	39,600	35.1	34.0	36.1	3,787,835	1,809,480	1,978,355	26.9	26.2	27.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,475	6,735	7,740	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,545	6,360	7,185	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,815	1,365	1,455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,800	1,360	1,440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	550	240	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,975	985	990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,645	4,955	5,690	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,240	2,015	2,225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,365	2,920	3,445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	280	130	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,000	2,745	3,250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	200	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	505	195	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	100	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	75	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	74,680	35,090	39,595	35.1	34.0	36.1	3,773,365	1,802,745	1,970,620	26.8	26.1	27.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,920	3,965	3,955	3.7	3.8	3.6	310,765	156,145	154,620	2.2	2.3	2.2
Berber languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	480	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	315	265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	130	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	635	350	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	315	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	265	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	70	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,575	12,405	15,170	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	930	495	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,540	760	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	24,700	10,945	13,755	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	405	215	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	7,800	3,910	3,885	3.7	3.8	3.5	281,160	142,645	138,515	2.0	2.1	1.9
Amharic	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,490	5,745	6,740	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arabic	7,350	3,690	3,655	3.5	3.6	3.3	214,230	109,870	104,360	1.5	1.6	1.5
Aramaic languages	275	130	140	0.1	0.1	0.1	24,105	11,685	12,420	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	125	60	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,665	7,535	8,125	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	120	60	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,480	3,655	3,820	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic, n.o.s.	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	960	485	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	430	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	70	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,630	6,255	5,375	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,120	1,950	2,175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,360	6,585	6,775	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	130	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	560	240	315	0.3	0.2	0.3	84,300	37,815	46,485	0.6	0.5	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,065	3,170	3,900	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	550	240	310	0.3	0.2	0.3	77,085	34,585	42,505	0.5	0.5	0.6
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	60	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	2,300	855	1,445	1.1	0.8	1.3	208,395	83,860	124,535	1.5	1.2	1.7
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	685	300	385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,735	1,115	1,625	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	55	15	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,900	2,290	3,615	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,775	1,460	2,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	120	50	75	0.1	0.0	0.1	14,680	5,995	8,680	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	130	60	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,440	2,345	3,095	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	375	160	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	115	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	540	220	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,910	875	1,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	750	320	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,840	665	1,175	0.9	0.6	1.1	168,845	67,675	101,175	1.2	1.0	1.4
Waray-Waray	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	590	240	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,710	690	1,020	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	80	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,690	5,335	6,355	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,160	2,260	2,905	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	435	220	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	115	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,990	955	1,035	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,690	1,255	1,435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	500	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	1,630	825	805	0.8	0.8	0.7	185,145	93,855	91,285	1.3	1.4	1.3
Kannada	145	70	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,335	2,215	2,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	345	175	170	0.2	0.2	0.2	32,805	17,970	14,835	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tamil	685	340	345	0.3	0.3	0.3	126,640	61,665	64,970	0.9	0.9	0.9
Telugu	440	230	210	0.2	0.2	0.2	20,715	11,690	9,030	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tulu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	205	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	105	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,650	890	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	225	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	39,695	18,750	20,945	18.6	18.2	19.1	2,119,610	1,032,375	1,087,230	15.0	14.9	15.1
Albanian	345	175	170	0.2	0.2	0.2	20,720	10,295	10,425	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	175	90	90	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,680	7,060	7,620	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	10,505	4,775	5,725	4.9	4.6	5.2	377,895	172,690	205,205	2.7	2.5	2.9
Baltic languages	230	95	135	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,425	3,050	4,370	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	70	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,050	1,250	1,800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	160	60	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,370	1,800	2,570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10,270	4,690	5,585	4.8	4.5	5.1	370,475	169,640	200,840	2.6	2.5	2.8
Belarusian	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	200	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	295	145	155	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,565	4,050	4,520	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	190	80	110	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,060	4,035	5,025	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	365	175	195	0.2	0.2	0.2	13,620	6,490	7,130	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	2,910	1,305	1,605	1.4	1.3	1.5	106,275	47,780	58,495	0.8	0.7	0.8
Russian	2,100	925	1,170	1.0	0.9	1.1	104,310	46,870	57,440	0.7	0.7	0.8
Rusyn	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	105	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	3,105	1,470	1,635	1.5	1.4	1.5	77,145	37,410	39,740	0.5	0.5	0.6
Bosnian	145	70	75	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,140	3,495	3,650	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	1,635	760	875	0.8	0.7	0.8	28,385	13,465	14,925	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbian	1,295	620	670	0.6	0.6	0.6	40,465	19,915	20,555	0.3	0.3	0.3
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,160	545	610	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	335	160	175	0.2	0.2	0.2	8,675	3,910	4,765	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	145	55	90	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,520	2,350	3,175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	800	365	435	0.4	0.4	0.4	36,340	16,285	20,055	0.3	0.2	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	150	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	390	405	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	120	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	140	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	45	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	2,230	1,010	1,225	1.0	1.0	1.1	167,265	78,455	88,810	1.2	1.1	1.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	465	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	1,255	560	700	0.6	0.5	0.6	102,915	47,630	55,285	0.7	0.7	0.8
German	1,220	540	680	0.6	0.5	0.6	89,075	40,865	48,205	0.6	0.6	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,895	4,435	4,460	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swiss German	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,390	1,125	1,265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,555	1,200	1,350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	800	375	425	0.4	0.4	0.4	56,725	27,350	29,375	0.4	0.4	0.4
Afrikaans	325	160	165	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,865	1,460	1,405	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	450	205	245	0.2	0.2	0.2	41,240	19,735	21,505	0.3	0.3	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,930	965	970	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	210	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,610	4,275	4,340	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,630	700	930	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	165	70	95	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,440	2,905	3,530	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	75	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,370	1,545	1,830	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	80	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	350	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,090	930	1,160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	105	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	565	275	285	0.3	0.3	0.3	47,970	23,270	24,700	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	13,650	6,695	6,950	6.4	6.5	6.3	884,995	452,190	432,805	6.3	6.5	6.0
Indo-Aryan languages	11,610	5,690	5,920	5.5	5.5	5.4	715,085	367,815	347,270	5.1	5.3	4.8
Assamese	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	150	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	485	230	250	0.2	0.2	0.2	54,990	27,905	27,085	0.4	0.4	0.4
Gujarati	790	380	415	0.4	0.4	0.4	95,785	50,450	45,340	0.7	0.7	0.6
Hindi	2,285	1,145	1,140	1.1	1.1	1.0	87,035	45,590	41,445	0.6	0.7	0.6
Kacchi	50	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,880	1,760	2,120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	230	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,595	1,260	1,340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	260	125	135	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,460	4,875	4,585	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,430	6,280	6,155	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,325	690	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	830	445	380	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	245	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,540	1,225	1,315	1.2	1.2	1.2	260,075	135,000	125,075	1.8	2.0	1.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	145	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	130	70	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,670	1,375	1,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	215	105	110	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,040	5,400	5,645	0.1	0.1	0.1
Urdu	4,605	2,260	2,340	2.2	2.2	2.1	170,955	85,745	85,210	1.2	1.2	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,760	955	805	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	2,040	1,010	1,030	1.0	1.0	0.9	169,765	84,295	85,470	1.2	1.2	1.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	185	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	85	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,120	4,850	4,275	0.1	0.1	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	180	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	305	150	155	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,780	6,585	6,195	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian languages	1,640	815	825	0.8	0.8	0.8	146,700	72,240	74,460	1.0	1.0	1.0
Dari	300	150	155	0.1	0.1	0.1	34,340	16,650	17,685	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	1,195	600	600	0.6	0.6	0.5	97,135	47,970	49,165	0.7	0.7	0.7
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	140	70	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,230	7,615	7,615	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	495	260	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	85	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	12,210	5,720	6,485	5.7	5.5	5.9	605,070	287,915	317,155	4.3	4.2	4.4
Catalan	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	140	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	2,800	1,370	1,430	1.3	1.3	1.3	194,125	92,875	101,255	1.4	1.3	1.4
Portuguese	3,500	1,635	1,860	1.6	1.6	1.7	153,750	73,670	80,080	1.1	1.1	1.1
Romanian	1,025	480	540	0.5	0.5	0.5	38,955	18,100	20,850	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	4,875	2,225	2,650	2.3	2.2	2.4	217,245	102,760	114,490	1.5	1.5	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	710	370	345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	205	105	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	235	75	160	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,880	4,245	8,635	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	2,475	1,120	1,360	1.2	1.1	1.2	75,220	34,160	41,065	0.5	0.5	0.6
Mongolian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	235	305	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	350	155	195	0.2	0.2	0.2	42,470	19,960	22,515	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,325	4,405	4,915	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	100	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	475	685	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	235	245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	245	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	510	235	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,195	560	635	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	180	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,385	1,220	1,170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,920	845	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	350	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	55	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	180	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	155	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,705	1,225	1,480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,580	710	875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	115	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	85	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,445	3,010	3,440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	240	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	120	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,335	3,560	3,775	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,655	1,710	1,940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,935	955	985	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	165	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	150	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,125	555	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,775	1,480	1,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,360	1,235	1,125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	385	225	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	17,820	8,270	9,550	8.4	8.0	8.7	632,250	291,600	340,655	4.5	4.2	4.7
Chinese languages	17,790	8,255	9,530	8.4	8.0	8.7	621,980	286,570	335,410	4.4	4.1	4.7
Hakka	55	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,215	2,860	3,350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	14,815	6,890	7,930	7.0	6.7	7.2	327,470	150,700	176,770	2.3	2.2	2.5
Min Dong	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	525	495	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	160	65	95	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,290	4,630	5,660	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	155	70	90	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,190	1,890	2,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	2,530	1,170	1,355	1.2	1.1	1.2	267,425	123,440	143,990	1.9	1.8	2.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,080	2,385	2,690	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	140	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,000	4,905	5,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,540	755	790	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	200	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	875	895	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	755	775	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	115	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,785	2,845	2,940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	230	230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	130	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	30	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,265	3,360	4,905	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,570	2,175	2,390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	50	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,535	1,120	2,420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	65	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	800	420	380	0.4	0.4	0.3	32,270	17,020	15,250	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,870	1,545	1,325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	740	390	355	0.3	0.4	0.3	26,740	14,190	12,550	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	30	20	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	720	360	360	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	520	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	610	290	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	685	315	370	0.3	0.3	0.3	42,270	19,005	23,265	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,450	1,510	1,940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	110	50	55	0.1	0.0	0.1	7,650	3,210	4,445	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	520	235	285	0.2	0.2	0.3	31,170	14,290	16,875	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	220	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	13,010	6,245	6,770	6.1	6.1	6.2	669,185	323,300	345,885	4.7	4.7	4.8
English and French	1,085	515	570	0.5	0.5	0.5	96,260	45,030	51,235	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	10,375	5,055	5,315	4.9	4.9	4.8	494,610	242,470	252,140	3.5	3.5	3.5
French and non-official language(s)	290	130	160	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,710	7,085	8,620	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	480	195	285	0.2	0.2	0.3	16,770	7,725	9,045	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	785	345	440	0.4	0.3	0.4	45,835	20,990	24,845	0.3	0.3	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	212,915	103,130	109,790	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,920	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	129,805	63,785	66,020	61.0	61.8	60.1	9,630,975	4,782,040	4,848,935	68.3	69.1	67.5
French	750	345	405	0.4	0.3	0.4	188,560	89,335	99,230	1.3	1.3	1.4
Non-official language	19,890	9,230	10,660	9.3	8.9	9.7	1,124,950	528,060	596,895	8.0	7.6	8.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,630	1,260	1,375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	19,890	9,230	10,660	9.3	8.9	9.7	1,122,315	526,805	595,515	8.0	7.6	8.3
English and French	2,815	1,240	1,575	1.3	1.2	1.4	274,675	124,275	150,400	1.9	1.8	2.1
English and non-official language(s)	55,620	26,750	28,870	26.1	25.9	26.3	2,647,980	1,289,510	1,358,470	18.8	18.6	18.9
French and non-official language(s)	115	50	70	0.1	0.0	0.1	14,065	6,055	8,010	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	2,685	1,160	1,525	1.3	1.1	1.4	117,430	51,870	65,565	0.8	0.7	0.9
Multiple non-official languages	1,245	570	675	0.6	0.6	0.6	101,145	46,775	54,370	0.7	0.7	0.8
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	212,915	103,130	109,790	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,920	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	199,035	96,435	102,600	93.5	93.5	93.5	13,384,695	6,573,230	6,811,465	94.9	95.0	94.8
Official languages	157,985	76,980	81,005	74.2	74.6	73.8	11,165,425	5,509,035	5,656,395	79.2	79.6	78.8
English	156,750	76,410	80,340	73.6	74.1	73.2	10,910,560	5,389,445	5,521,125	77.4	77.9	76.9
French	1,235	565	665	0.6	0.5	0.6	254,870	119,590	135,275	1.8	1.7	1.9
Non-official languages	41,050	19,455	21,595	19.3	18.9	19.7	2,219,265	1,064,195	1,155,070	15.7	15.4	16.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,710	2,820	2,890	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,430	2,695	2,735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,230	620	605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	620	605	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	50	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,015	530	485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,185	2,060	2,120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,985	995	985	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,195	1,065	1,125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,070	1,005	1,065	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	65	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	65	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	41,050	19,455	21,595	19.3	18.9	19.7	2,213,555	1,061,375	1,152,180	15.7	15.3	16.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,200	2,040	2,165	2.0	2.0	2.0	181,660	88,245	93,420	1.3	1.3	1.3
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	195	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	115	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100	55	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	180	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	325	165	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	125	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	16,105	7,125	8,980	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	800	440	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	840	385	455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,230	6,180	8,050	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	115	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	4,165	2,020	2,145	2.0	2.0	2.0	164,590	80,620	83,970	1.2	1.2	1.2
Amharic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,405	2,865	3,545	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	3,950	1,920	2,030	1.9	1.9	1.8	124,865	61,605	63,260	0.9	0.9	0.9
Aramaic languages	170	75	90	0.1	0.1	0.1	18,120	8,680	9,440	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	65	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,870	5,645	6,225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	90	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,550	2,685	2,865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	705	345	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	225	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,925	2,505	2,415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	350	420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,870	4,335	4,535	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	60	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	260	120	135	0.1	0.1	0.1	55,990	25,430	30,560	0.4	0.4	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,855	1,705	2,150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	255	120	130	0.1	0.1	0.1	52,080	23,700	28,380	0.4	0.3	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,130	490	640	0.5	0.5	0.6	115,225	50,755	64,470	0.8	0.7	0.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	255	115	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,355	600	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,140	1,380	1,760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,960	860	1,100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	55	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,105	3,635	4,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,990	930	1,055	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	100	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	130	65	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	990	455	535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	115	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	930	400	530	0.4	0.4	0.5	95,635	41,970	53,660	0.7	0.6	0.7
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	90	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	785	355	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,165	2,705	3,460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,640	1,115	1,525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	75	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	60	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,425	685	735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,325	565	760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	195	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	825	395	430	0.4	0.4	0.4	129,245	64,385	64,855	0.9	0.9	0.9
Kannada	75	35	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,165	1,110	1,055	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	155	75	85	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,855	11,325	9,535	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamil	350	170	180	0.2	0.2	0.2	93,165	44,735	48,425	0.7	0.6	0.7
Telugu	235	115	120	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,805	7,095	5,710	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	65	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	570	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	85	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	18,555	8,800	9,760	8.7	8.5	8.9	1,136,460	553,970	582,490	8.1	8.0	8.1
Albanian	135	65	75	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,880	4,875	5,005	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,590	4,035	4,545	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	4,670	2,200	2,475	2.2	2.1	2.3	181,290	84,870	96,420	1.3	1.2	1.3
Baltic languages	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,640	700	940	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	225	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,105	470	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	4,615	2,175	2,440	2.2	2.1	2.2	179,650	84,175	95,475	1.3	1.2	1.3
Belarusian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	135	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,100	1,955	2,140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,555	1,180	1,375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	155	80	75	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,535	2,590	2,945	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	1,160	540	620	0.5	0.5	0.6	45,800	21,280	24,515	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	1,400	645	750	0.7	0.6	0.7	66,045	30,625	35,420	0.5	0.4	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	70	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	1,310	620	685	0.6	0.6	0.6	35,980	17,375	18,610	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bosnian	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,450	1,670	1,780	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	570	265	305	0.3	0.3	0.3	9,990	4,660	5,335	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	675	325	350	0.3	0.3	0.3	22,145	10,850	11,295	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	400	195	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	105	55	55	0.0	0.1	0.1	3,070	1,470	1,600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	420	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	280	125	150	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,235	7,100	8,135	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	75	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	440	220	220	0.2	0.2	0.2	40,600	19,895	20,700	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	155	80	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	28,670	14,000	14,665	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	155	80	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,680	10,015	10,670	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,180	3,590	3,590	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	280	280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	115	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	255	125	125	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,190	5,540	5,650	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	185	90	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,175	595	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,055	2,000	2,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,265	630	640	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	85	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,415	2,185	2,235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	620	300	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	90	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	160	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	115	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	19,065	8,615	10,455	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	7,365	3,525	3,840	3.5	3.4	3.5	601,605	304,195	297,410	4.3	4.4	4.1
Indo-Aryan languages	6,165	2,970	3,200	2.9	2.9	2.9	487,535	248,975	238,560	3.5	3.6	3.3
Assamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	75	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	245	115	130	0.1	0.1	0.1	34,830	17,260	17,570	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	360	175	185	0.2	0.2	0.2	63,145	32,735	30,405	0.4	0.5	0.4
Hindi	1,140	540	600	0.5	0.5	0.5	52,420	27,250	25,175	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kacchi	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,655	725	925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	65	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	640	295	345	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	160	75	85	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,975	2,540	2,440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,910	4,555	4,355	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	655	345	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	420	220	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	125	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,440	700	745	0.7	0.7	0.7	198,670	103,170	95,495	1.4	1.5	1.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	85	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,390	700	690	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	100	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,795	2,870	2,925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	2,565	1,230	1,330	1.2	1.2	1.2	113,020	55,810	57,215	0.8	0.8	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	930	470	455	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	1,200	560	640	0.6	0.5	0.6	114,005	55,190	58,815	0.8	0.8	0.8
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	105	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,560	2,815	2,740	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	80	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	195	95	105	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,670	4,315	4,360	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian languages	965	450	520	0.5	0.4	0.5	99,095	47,705	51,395	0.7	0.7	0.7
Dari	170	80	90	0.1	0.1	0.1	21,150	10,030	11,120	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iranian Persian	740	345	390	0.3	0.3	0.4	67,320	32,510	34,810	0.5	0.5	0.5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,625	5,160	5,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	170	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,780	2,710	3,070	2.7	2.6	2.8	275,210	127,365	147,850	2.0	1.8	2.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	50	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	530	225	305	0.2	0.2	0.3	58,670	24,180	34,495	0.4	0.3	0.5
Portuguese	1,705	785	915	0.8	0.8	0.8	74,745	35,620	39,120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Romanian	485	230	250	0.2	0.2	0.2	17,755	8,280	9,480	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	3,060	1,465	1,595	1.4	1.4	1.5	123,690	59,125	64,570	0.9	0.9	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	240	110	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	95	40	55	0.0	0.0	0.1	5,875	2,485	3,390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	1,785	825	960	0.8	0.8	0.9	53,585	24,865	28,720	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mongolian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	145	145	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	90	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.1	16,065	7,275	8,785	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,370	1,945	2,425	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	105	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	120	50	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	220	110	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	70	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	345	160	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	660	330	330	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	775	330	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	135	190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,375	630	750	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	450	195	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	60	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,775	1,250	1,525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	80	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,640	1,200	1,435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	400	435	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	380	440	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	55	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	80	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	460	220	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	65	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,010	2,900	2,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,920	2,240	1,680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,035	625	410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	13,285	6,285	7,000	6.2	6.1	6.4	469,325	219,365	249,965	3.3	3.2	3.5
Chinese languages	13,270	6,280	6,990	6.2	6.1	6.4	461,870	215,705	246,165	3.3	3.1	3.4
Hakka	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,540	1,170	1,370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	11,690	5,530	6,165	5.5	5.4	5.6	253,860	120,260	133,600	1.8	1.7	1.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	650	310	340	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,890	2,195	2,700	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	140	70	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,765	1,300	1,465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	1,340	635	700	0.6	0.6	0.6	193,955	88,915	105,040	1.4	1.3	1.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,090	1,495	1,595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	110	55	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,310	3,585	3,720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	960	460	505	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	140	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,275	640	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,105	555	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	85	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,540	2,245	2,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	225	110	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	70	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,995	1,875	2,120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,395	1,145	1,245	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,520	700	820	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	485	255	235	0.2	0.2	0.2	19,965	10,165	9,800	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,445	715	730	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	455	230	225	0.2	0.2	0.2	17,160	8,770	8,390	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	490	250	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	580	285	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	125	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	180	85	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,465	5,690	6,780	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	485	180	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,140	500	640	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	145	65	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,835	5,000	5,835	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	90	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	13,880	6,695	7,185	6.5	6.5	6.5	715,095	344,690	370,405	5.1	5.0	5.2
English and French	615	270	340	0.3	0.3	0.3	59,725	27,005	32,720	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	12,760	6,200	6,555	6.0	6.0	6.0	624,265	303,790	320,480	4.4	4.4	4.5
French and non-official language(s)	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,475	2,810	3,665	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	280	130	155	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,185	5,465	6,715	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	165	70	90	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,445	5,620	6,825	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	212,920	103,130	109,790	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,099,790	6,917,915	7,181,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	161,910	78,910	83,000	76.0	76.5	75.6	11,528,735	5,680,910	5,847,825	81.8	82.1	81.4
English	18,095	8,750	9,340	8.5	8.5	8.5	903,960	442,585	461,380	6.4	6.4	6.4
French	2,480	1,065	1,410	1.2	1.0	1.3	189,420	84,900	104,520	1.3	1.2	1.5
Non-official language	24,280	11,470	12,810	11.4	11.1	11.7	1,136,770	544,150	592,620	8.1	7.9	8.3
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,310	4,115	5,190	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	24,270	11,470	12,800	11.4	11.1	11.7	1,127,465	540,035	587,425	8.0	7.8	8.2
English and French	355	150	210	0.2	0.1	0.2	16,580	7,565	9,020	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	2,010	990	1,020	0.9	1.0	0.9	140,865	70,400	70,470	1.0	1.0	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	1,275	550	720	0.6	0.5	0.7	52,565	22,740	29,820	0.4	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	35	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,920	1,450	1,465	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	2,455	1,205	1,250	1.2	1.2	1.1	127,975	63,220	64,755	0.9	0.9	0.9
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	212,060	102,875	109,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	207,205	100,935	106,270	97.7	98.1	97.3	13,688,615	6,750,410	6,938,210	97.6	98.0	97.1
English	207,080	100,880	106,200	97.7	98.1	97.3	13,650,230	6,733,550	6,916,680	97.3	97.8	96.8
French	23,355	10,100	13,255	11.0	9.8	12.1	1,550,545	690,530	860,020	11.1	10.0	12.0
Non-official languages	100,415	47,665	52,755	47.4	46.3	48.3	5,058,180	2,428,200	2,629,980	36.0	35.3	36.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	29,850	13,765	16,080	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	26,775	12,415	14,355	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,205	2,540	2,670	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,155	2,520	2,640	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	180	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	70	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	510	655	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	50	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	60	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,340	1,685	1,650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	120	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	105	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,560	9,880	11,680	0.2	0.1	0.2
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,260	2,945	3,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,530	7,035	8,500	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,295	510	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	80	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	65	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,155	6,465	7,690	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	95	55	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	65	50	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	105	60	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,000	445	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	425	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,625	650	980	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	85	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,220	465	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	105	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	45	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	45	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	50	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	25	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	30	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	245	125	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	100,405	47,660	52,740	47.3	46.3	48.3	5,029,345	2,414,910	2,614,440	35.8	35.1	36.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	12,340	6,240	6,105	5.8	6.1	5.6	481,620	242,565	239,050	3.4	3.5	3.3
Berber languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,570	845	725	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	950	490	460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	475	270	205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	125	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,210	1,060	1,140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,005	955	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	105	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	115	50	65	0.1	0.0	0.1	2,130	1,000	1,130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	140	60	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	41,520	19,095	22,425	0.3	0.3	0.3
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,335	750	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,950	1,400	1,550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	120	50	70	0.1	0.0	0.1	36,825	16,695	20,135	0.3	0.2	0.3
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	815	445	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	12,180	6,165	6,015	5.7	6.0	5.5	443,215	225,035	218,175	3.2	3.3	3.1
Amharic	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	22,815	11,015	11,800	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arabic	11,495	5,800	5,695	5.4	5.6	5.2	342,860	175,790	167,075	2.4	2.6	2.3
Aramaic languages	295	145	150	0.1	0.1	0.1	33,950	16,770	17,175	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	85	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	21,640	10,590	11,045	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	185	95	90	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,170	5,565	5,605	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,685	860	820	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,610	720	890	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	405	230	175	0.2	0.2	0.2	47,380	24,020	23,360	0.3	0.3	0.3
Maltese	130	70	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,055	2,840	3,210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	19,755	9,645	10,105	0.1	0.1	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	685	410	270	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	875	370	505	0.4	0.4	0.5	115,355	52,805	62,550	0.8	0.8	0.9
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,085	4,540	5,535	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	865	370	495	0.4	0.4	0.5	105,800	48,475	57,325	0.8	0.7	0.8
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	100	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	3,265	1,160	2,105	1.5	1.1	1.9	292,100	117,695	174,400	2.1	1.7	2.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,345	565	785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,410	1,370	2,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	120	35	80	0.1	0.0	0.1	11,100	4,270	6,835	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	110	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,435	2,535	3,900	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	260	95	165	0.1	0.1	0.2	26,205	10,300	15,905	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	185	80	110	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,175	3,680	4,495	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	620	255	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	310	130	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	115	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	110	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	90	35	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,370	1,965	2,410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	80	30	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,390	1,395	1,990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,610	650	960	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,900	1,005	1,895	1.4	1.0	1.7	271,450	108,415	163,035	1.9	1.6	2.3
Waray-Waray	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,810	705	1,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,850	2,845	4,005	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages	205	85	120	0.1	0.1	0.1	36,585	16,590	19,990	0.3	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,220	6,345	7,875	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,385	1,515	1,870	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	650	240	410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	80	35	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,645	2,735	2,910	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	105	165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	80	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,235	4,450	5,785	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,065	1,960	2,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	2,600	1,300	1,300	1.2	1.3	1.2	272,060	139,105	132,950	1.9	2.0	1.9
Kannada	315	155	160	0.1	0.2	0.1	12,930	6,720	6,215	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malayalam	490	230	265	0.2	0.2	0.2	48,025	26,105	21,915	0.3	0.4	0.3
Tamil	1,265	630	645	0.6	0.6	0.6	192,890	96,245	96,645	1.4	1.4	1.4
Telugu	870	460	410	0.4	0.4	0.4	38,190	21,290	16,905	0.3	0.3	0.2
Tulu	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,225	655	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	685	285	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,170	1,110	1,060	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	280	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	57,110	27,600	29,515	26.9	26.8	27.0	2,941,400	1,441,975	1,499,430	21.0	20.9	21.0
Albanian	435	205	230	0.2	0.2	0.2	26,725	13,445	13,275	0.2	0.2	0.2
Armenian	225	90	135	0.1	0.1	0.1	19,610	9,460	10,150	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	13,020	6,085	6,945	6.1	5.9	6.4	470,080	219,210	250,870	3.4	3.2	3.5
Baltic languages	325	110	215	0.2	0.1	0.2	9,715	4,055	5,665	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	90	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,215	1,830	2,385	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	240	80	160	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,520	2,240	3,280	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	12,760	5,990	6,770	6.0	5.8	6.2	462,520	216,100	246,420	3.3	3.1	3.4
Belarusian	80	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,630	685	950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	405	205	200	0.2	0.2	0.2	11,310	5,545	5,765	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	290	140	150	0.1	0.1	0.1	13,130	6,040	7,090	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	440	205	235	0.2	0.2	0.2	21,070	10,020	11,045	0.2	0.1	0.2
Polish	3,635	1,705	1,935	1.7	1.7	1.8	134,980	61,800	73,180	1.0	0.9	1.0
Russian	3,015	1,420	1,600	1.4	1.4	1.5	155,340	72,230	83,115	1.1	1.0	1.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	295	155	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	4,365	2,055	2,315	2.1	2.0	2.1	102,885	50,515	52,365	0.7	0.7	0.7
Bosnian	390	200	190	0.2	0.2	0.2	13,895	6,925	6,970	0.1	0.1	0.1
Croatian	2,735	1,260	1,470	1.3	1.2	1.3	48,075	23,410	24,670	0.3	0.3	0.3
Serbian	1,825	880	945	0.9	0.9	0.9	58,045	28,685	29,355	0.4	0.4	0.4
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,850	950	905	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	435	250	180	0.2	0.2	0.2	11,725	5,340	6,385	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	150	60	90	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,235	3,205	4,025	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	1,275	590	685	0.6	0.6	0.6	58,355	26,140	32,215	0.4	0.4	0.5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	500	255	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	50	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,115	2,125	1,990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,345	1,300	1,045	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	715	330	375	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	810	360	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	160	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	4,385	2,130	2,250	2.1	2.1	2.1	257,270	123,000	134,270	1.8	1.8	1.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,750	895	855	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	2,870	1,385	1,490	1.4	1.3	1.4	175,485	84,625	90,855	1.3	1.2	1.3
German	2,845	1,375	1,470	1.3	1.3	1.3	158,120	75,990	82,125	1.1	1.1	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,370	5,150	5,220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swiss German	30	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,485	1,670	1,815	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,100	2,995	3,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	1,385	695	690	0.7	0.7	0.6	78,435	37,515	40,920	0.6	0.5	0.6
Afrikaans	755	405	350	0.4	0.4	0.3	9,255	4,785	4,470	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	650	305	345	0.3	0.3	0.3	55,040	25,820	29,215	0.4	0.4	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,185	1,095	1,095	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	595	275	310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,245	5,150	5,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,040	910	1,135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	295	125	175	0.1	0.1	0.2	12,565	5,670	6,895	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	115	50	65	0.1	0.0	0.1	5,175	2,265	2,905	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	390	165	220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,385	1,175	1,210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	155	55	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,340	2,460	2,885	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	480	255	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	1,030	520	510	0.5	0.5	0.5	76,320	37,385	38,945	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indo-Iranian languages	21,870	10,840	11,035	10.3	10.5	10.1	1,244,895	639,965	604,930	8.9	9.3	8.5
Indo-Aryan languages	19,605	9,720	9,880	9.2	9.4	9.0	1,049,480	542,040	507,440	7.5	7.9	7.1
Assamese	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	725	355	370	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	680	345	335	0.3	0.3	0.3	76,980	39,455	37,525	0.5	0.6	0.5
Gujarati	1,405	660	740	0.7	0.6	0.7	143,240	75,090	68,150	1.0	1.1	1.0
Hindi	8,305	4,175	4,125	3.9	4.1	3.8	436,125	227,165	208,965	3.1	3.3	2.9
Kacchi	135	65	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,140	3,695	4,450	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,085	570	515	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	215	110	105	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,745	3,165	3,585	0.0	0.0	0.1
Marathi	585	320	265	0.3	0.3	0.2	24,775	12,710	12,065	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nepali	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,110	8,645	8,465	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,545	1,320	1,225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,430	775	655	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,130	560	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,570	2,775	2,795	2.6	2.7	2.6	397,865	208,905	188,955	2.8	3.0	2.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	370	155	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	255	150	105	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,595	2,940	2,655	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	415	225	190	0.2	0.2	0.2	21,630	10,975	10,655	0.2	0.2	0.1
Urdu	8,195	4,040	4,155	3.9	3.9	3.8	295,175	149,300	145,875	2.1	2.2	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	85	40	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,965	3,315	2,650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	2,545	1,240	1,300	1.2	1.2	1.2	210,370	105,605	104,765	1.5	1.5	1.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	285	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	120	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	13,870	7,530	6,340	0.1	0.1	0.1
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	525	310	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	485	210	280	0.2	0.2	0.3	20,790	10,880	9,910	0.1	0.2	0.1
Persian languages	2,130	1,055	1,075	1.0	1.0	1.0	183,830	91,790	92,040	1.3	1.3	1.3
Dari	475	240	235	0.2	0.2	0.2	47,640	23,410	24,235	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iranian Persian	1,575	790	785	0.7	0.8	0.7	122,305	61,280	61,015	0.9	0.9	0.9
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	105	40	65	0.0	0.0	0.1	16,615	8,475	8,140	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,040	510	535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,300	715	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	17,615	8,410	9,200	8.3	8.2	8.4	922,975	437,590	485,385	6.6	6.4	6.8
Catalan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	770	415	355	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	4,670	2,280	2,390	2.2	2.2	2.2	312,800	149,440	163,360	2.2	2.2	2.3
Portuguese	4,630	2,250	2,375	2.2	2.2	2.2	208,575	101,175	107,390	1.5	1.5	1.5
Romanian	1,280	620	660	0.6	0.6	0.6	48,315	22,450	25,865	0.3	0.3	0.4
Spanish	8,115	3,850	4,265	3.8	3.7	3.9	401,205	187,785	213,425	2.9	2.7	3.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,355	1,325	1,030	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	510	405	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	610	270	345	0.3	0.3	0.3	30,705	13,895	16,810	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	2,975	1,345	1,635	1.4	1.3	1.5	90,475	41,165	49,310	0.6	0.6	0.7
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	745	315	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	1,280	560	720	0.6	0.5	0.7	106,850	50,070	56,780	0.8	0.7	0.8
Akan (Twi)	115	40	80	0.1	0.0	0.1	17,570	8,065	9,510	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	760	395	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,210	1,370	1,835	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,195	610	580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	530	480	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,870	785	1,080	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,760	1,145	1,615	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,080	420	660	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	170	70	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,115	3,985	4,130	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,020	1,705	2,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	80	35	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,315	3,255	4,065	0.1	0.0	0.1
Luba-Kasai	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,050	480	570	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	235	135	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	520	265	255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	380	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,895	2,250	2,650	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,040	1,345	1,695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	290	185	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	630	265	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	245	105	140	0.1	0.1	0.1	24,360	11,850	12,510	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	260	130	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,495	740	755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	490	240	245	0.2	0.2	0.2	24,375	11,775	12,600	0.2	0.2	0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,825	6,130	6,695	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,210	1,560	1,645	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	470	255	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	585	260	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,155	1,040	1,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	835	415	415	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	200	70	135	0.1	0.1	0.1	18,990	7,515	11,475	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	190	60	125	0.1	0.1	0.1	16,685	6,460	10,225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	380	155	225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,600	1,185	1,420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20,735	9,655	11,075	9.8	9.4	10.1	747,160	348,570	398,590	5.3	5.1	5.6
Chinese languages	20,690	9,640	11,050	9.8	9.4	10.1	734,190	342,245	391,950	5.2	5.0	5.5
Hakka	85	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,760	4,120	4,640	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mandarin	18,140	8,480	9,660	8.6	8.2	8.8	467,415	214,895	252,520	3.3	3.1	3.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,450	690	765	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	365	160	205	0.2	0.2	0.2	18,020	8,040	9,985	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	325	145	180	0.2	0.1	0.2	6,720	3,010	3,710	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yue (Cantonese)	3,700	1,650	2,050	1.7	1.6	1.9	352,135	163,575	188,560	2.5	2.4	2.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,200	2,505	2,690	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	245	275	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	13,135	6,410	6,735	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burmese	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,570	1,255	1,315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	600	265	330	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,255	1,120	1,135	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,970	1,005	965	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	385	170	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,475	3,675	3,800	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	980	445	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	565	250	315	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	95	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,655	5,555	7,105	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,370	3,450	3,915	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	65	25	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,200	2,485	3,720	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	335	135	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	1,070	560	510	0.5	0.5	0.5	52,195	27,335	24,860	0.4	0.4	0.3
Azerbaijani	45	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,910	3,215	2,695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	710	320	395	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	975	510	465	0.5	0.5	0.4	44,815	23,570	21,245	0.3	0.3	0.3
Uyghur	45	30	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	825	430	400	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,095	1,040	1,055	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,075	465	610	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	795	355	440	0.4	0.3	0.4	52,025	23,840	28,185	0.4	0.3	0.4
Estonian	80	35	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,010	1,745	2,260	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	90	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,455	4,035	5,420	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	625	280	345	0.3	0.3	0.3	38,690	18,095	20,600	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,145	990	1,155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	212,060	102,875	109,185	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,415	610	805	0.7	0.6	0.7	406,585	195,100	211,495	2.9	2.8	3.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,300	570	730	0.6	0.6	0.7	389,955	187,485	202,470	2.8	2.7	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	750	350	400	0.4	0.3	0.4	251,030	120,545	130,485	1.8	1.8	1.8
Métis	540	220	320	0.3	0.2	0.3	134,615	64,850	69,765	1.0	0.9	1.0
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,310	2,090	2,220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,115	3,225	3,890	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	95	45	55	0.0	0.0	0.1	9,515	4,385	5,130	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	210,645	102,265	108,380	99.3	99.4	99.3	13,625,165	6,692,470	6,932,695	97.1	97.2	97.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	212,060	102,875	109,185	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	440	205	240	0.2	0.2	0.2	172,535	82,960	89,580	1.2	1.2	1.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	211,620	102,675	108,945	99.8	99.8	99.8	13,859,215	6,804,610	7,054,605	98.8	98.8	98.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	57,025	...	...	77.5	...	...	3,755,720	...	...	68.4	...	...
Renter	16,530	...	...	22.5	...	...	1,724,970	...	...	31.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...	10,510	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	12,435	...	...	16.9	...	...	822,780	...	...	15.0	...	...
Not condominium	61,120	...	...	83.1	...	...	4,668,425	...	...	85.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	295	...	...	0.4	...	...	48,740	...	...	0.9	...	...
1 bedroom	5,095	...	...	6.9	...	...	769,570	...	...	14.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,885	...	...	14.8	...	...	1,205,540	...	...	22.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	23,715	...	...	32.2	...	...	1,918,935	...	...	34.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	33,565	...	...	45.6	...	...	1,548,420	...	...	28.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	14,020	...	...	19.1	...	...	1,579,320	...	...	28.8	...	...
5 rooms	8,980	...	...	12.2	...	...	775,580	...	...	14.1	...	...
6 rooms	10,215	...	...	13.9	...	...	791,100	...	...	14.4	...	...
7 rooms	9,490	...	...	12.9	...	...	708,205	...	...	12.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	30,855	...	...	41.9	...	...	1,636,990	...	...	29.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	7.1	...	...	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	72,055	...	...	98.0	...	...	5,328,575	...	...	97.0	...	...
More than one person per room	1,500	...	...	2.0	...	...	162,625	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	70,615	...	...	96.0	...	...	5,122,185	...	...	93.3	...	...
Not suitable	2,945	...	...	4.0	...	...	369,015	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,950	...	...	8.1	...	...	1,247,430	...	...	22.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,935	...	...	18.9	...	...	1,456,110	...	...	26.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	13,600	...	...	18.5	...	...	711,940	...	...	13.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	11,910	...	...	16.2	...	...	644,080	...	...	11.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	8,055	...	...	11.0	...	...	385,045	...	...	7.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,480	...	...	8.8	...	...	348,760	...	...	6.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	5,310	...	...	7.2	...	...	328,735	...	...	6.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	8,320	...	...	11.3	...	...	369,095	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	71,140	...	...	96.7	...	...	5,177,155	...	...	94.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,420	...	...	3.3	...	...	314,050	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	32,085	...	...	43.6	...	...	2,677,880	...	...	48.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	38,490	...	...	52.3	...	...	2,506,110	...	...	45.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	2,980	...	...	4.1	...	...	307,210	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	700	...	...	1.0	...	...	126,385	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,795	...	...	7.9	...	...	727,305	...	...	13.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	13,370	...	...	18.2	...	...	930,410	...	...	16.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	19,345	...	...	26.3	...	...	1,013,210	...	...	18.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	15,745	...	...	21.4	...	...	1,149,345	...	...	20.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,810	...	...	13.3	...	...	876,960	...	...	16.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	6,310	...	...	8.6	...	...	481,250	...	...	8.8	...	...
85 years and over	2,485	...	...	3.4	...	...	186,330	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	73,110	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,415,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	53,810	...	...	73.6	...	...	4,103,320	...	...	75.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	19,295	...	...	26.4	...	...	1,312,095	...	...	24.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	15,945	...	...	21.8	...	...	1,169,040	...	...	21.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	73,560	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,491,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	22,990	...	...	31.3	...	...	1,802,285	...	...	32.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	17,815	...	...	24.2	...	...	1,150,405	...	...	20.9	...	...
Not suitable only	1,970	...	...	2.7	...	...	262,900	...	...	4.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,565	...	...	2.1	...	...	201,870	...	...	3.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	790	...	...	1.1	...	...	74,930	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	670	...	...	0.9	...	...	80,990	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	155	...	...	0.2	...	...	25,420	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.0	...	...	5,765	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	50,565	...	...	68.7	...	...	3,688,915	...	...	67.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	69,760	...	...	100.0	...	...	5,272,360	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	6,985	...	...	10.0	...	...	639,805	...	...	12.1	...	...
Not in core need	62,780	...	...	90.0	...	...	4,632,550	...	...	87.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	57,025	...	...	...	...	...	3,718,255	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.1	...	...	61.1	...	...	59.7	...	...	59.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.8	...	...	20.8	...	...	17.7	...	...	17.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,080	...	...	2,080	...	...	1,440	...	...	1,440	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,384	...	...	2,384	...	...	1,700	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,200,000	...	...	1,200,000	...	...	700,000	...	...	700,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,388,000	...	...	1,388,000	...	...	807,000	...	...	807,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,530	...	...	...	...	...	1,722,000	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.7	...	...	11.7	...	...	13.7	...	...	13.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	45.8	...	...	45.8	...	...	38.4	...	...	38.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	24.2	...	...	24.2	...	...	24.9	...	...	24.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,040	...	...	2,040	...	...	1,300	...	...	1,300	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,146	...	...	2,146	...	...	1,408	...	...	1,408	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...	10,510	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	324	...	...	324	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...	380	...	...	380	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	212,055	102,875	109,185	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	295	115	180	0.1	0.1	0.2	169,090	81,790	87,305	1.2	1.2	1.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	290	110	180	0.1	0.1	0.2	166,095	80,470	85,625	1.2	1.2	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	205	80	130	0.1	0.1	0.1	136,445	65,890	70,555	1.0	1.0	1.0
Métis single ancestry	80	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	27,835	13,715	14,120	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,810	860	955	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,000	1,320	1,675	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,660	1,165	1,495	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	175	75	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	115	55	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,835	865	965	0.9	0.8	0.9	351,395	168,170	183,220	2.5	2.4	2.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,800	850	955	0.8	0.8	0.9	342,985	164,410	178,575	2.4	2.4	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,275	625	650	0.6	0.6	0.6	246,415	118,170	128,245	1.8	1.7	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	520	220	295	0.2	0.2	0.3	93,245	44,675	48,575	0.7	0.6	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,325	1,570	1,755	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,405	3,760	4,640	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,595	3,465	4,125	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	205	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215	80	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	10	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	209,930	101,890	108,035	99.0	99.0	98.9	13,511,270	6,637,605	6,873,660	96.3	96.4	96.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	212,055	102,875	109,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,565	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	181,815	88,400	93,410	85.7	85.9	85.6	12,633,260	6,196,980	6,436,280	90.0	90.0	90.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	42,140	21,355	20,785	19.9	20.8	19.0	2,554,125	1,312,480	1,241,645	18.2	19.1	17.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	139,670	67,050	72,625	65.9	65.2	66.5	10,079,140	4,884,505	5,194,635	71.8	70.9	72.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	30,245	14,470	15,775	14.3	14.1	14.4	1,398,490	690,590	707,905	10.0	10.0	9.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	212,055	102,875	109,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,565	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	119,590	59,155	60,440	56.4	57.5	55.4	9,437,320	4,691,825	4,745,495	67.3	68.1	66.4
Immigrants⁸¹	87,340	41,190	46,150	41.2	40.0	42.3	4,206,585	1,984,980	2,221,605	30.0	28.8	31.1
Before 1980	15,260	7,145	8,110	7.2	6.9	7.4	860,305	403,270	457,030	6.1	5.9	6.4
1980 to 1990	8,250	3,915	4,335	3.9	3.8	4.0	506,195	241,800	264,390	3.6	3.5	3.7
1991 to 2000	14,245	6,570	7,680	6.7	6.4	7.0	852,765	399,470	453,295	6.1	5.8	6.3
2001 to 2010	21,195	9,970	11,225	10.0	9.7	10.3	941,630	439,390	502,240	6.7	6.4	7.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	28,390	13,585	14,805	13.4	13.2	13.6	1,045,695	501,050	544,645	7.5	7.3	7.6
2011 to 2015	12,900	5,995	6,905	6.1	5.8	6.3	461,010	216,545	244,470	3.3	3.1	3.4
2016 to 2021	15,490	7,590	7,900	7.3	7.4	7.2	584,680	284,505	300,175	4.2	4.1	4.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	5,120	2,530	2,595	2.4	2.5	2.4	387,850	210,765	177,085	2.8	3.1	2.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	87,345	41,195	46,155	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,206,585	1,984,980	2,221,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	9,080	4,445	4,635	10.4	10.8	10.0	375,395	188,360	187,030	8.9	9.5	8.4
5 to 14 years	16,115	8,160	7,955	18.4	19.8	17.2	734,680	369,755	364,925	17.5	18.6	16.4
15 to 24 years	13,045	5,715	7,330	14.9	13.9	15.9	840,165	375,990	464,175	20.0	18.9	20.9
25 to 44 years	40,985	18,975	22,005	46.9	46.1	47.7	1,851,675	869,160	982,515	44.0	43.8	44.2
45 years and over	8,125	3,895	4,230	9.3	9.5	9.2	404,670	181,710	222,955	9.6	9.2	10.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	87,345	41,195	46,155	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,206,585	1,984,980	2,221,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10,630	4,825	5,810	12.2	11.7	12.6	629,550	280,635	348,910	15.0	14.1	15.7
Brazil	920	410	505	1.1	1.0	1.1	23,125	10,700	12,420	0.5	0.5	0.6
Colombia	760	320	440	0.9	0.8	1.0	32,520	14,630	17,890	0.8	0.7	0.8
El Salvador	105	35	65	0.1	0.1	0.1	21,780	10,575	11,200	0.5	0.5	0.5
Guyana	410	190	220	0.5	0.5	0.5	77,635	34,275	43,360	1.8	1.7	2.0
Haiti	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,375	5,000	6,380	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaica	1,090	500	590	1.2	1.2	1.3	122,770	52,770	70,000	2.9	2.7	3.2
Mexico	660	335	325	0.8	0.8	0.7	33,380	15,340	18,040	0.8	0.8	0.8
Peru	650	285	365	0.7	0.7	0.8	11,455	5,025	6,435	0.3	0.3	0.3
Trinidad and Tobago	830	325	505	1.0	0.8	1.1	52,750	23,490	29,260	1.3	1.2	1.3
United States of America	2,770	1,320	1,455	3.2	3.2	3.2	111,390	49,035	62,355	2.6	2.5	2.8
Other places of birth in Americas	2,415	1,070	1,340	2.8	2.6	2.9	131,370	59,810	71,560	3.1	3.0	3.2
Europe	22,605	10,665	11,940	25.9	25.9	25.9	1,049,725	500,520	549,205	25.0	25.2	24.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	640	320	320	0.7	0.8	0.7	21,150	10,365	10,780	0.5	0.5	0.5
Croatia	1,155	505	645	1.3	1.2	1.4	24,270	11,860	12,405	0.6	0.6	0.6
France	275	115	160	0.3	0.3	0.3	15,240	7,305	7,930	0.4	0.4	0.4
Germany	950	445	505	1.1	1.1	1.1	54,275	25,665	28,610	1.3	1.3	1.3
Greece	310	155	155	0.4	0.4	0.3	31,650	15,385	16,265	0.8	0.8	0.7
Hungary	295	130	165	0.3	0.3	0.4	18,530	8,555	9,975	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italy	1,530	815	720	1.8	2.0	1.6	135,640	66,885	68,750	3.2	3.4	3.1
Netherlands	380	175	205	0.4	0.4	0.4	39,490	20,295	19,195	0.9	1.0	0.9
Poland	2,350	1,025	1,330	2.7	2.5	2.9	88,785	39,620	49,160	2.1	2.0	2.2
Portugal	1,830	880	955	2.1	2.1	2.1	95,490	46,635	48,855	2.3	2.3	2.2
Romania	1,020	485	530	1.2	1.2	1.1	40,475	18,690	21,780	1.0	0.9	1.0
Russian Federation	940	395	545	1.1	1.0	1.2	44,165	19,010	25,155	1.0	1.0	1.1
Serbia⁸⁶	515	250	265	0.6	0.6	0.6	22,295	10,790	11,505	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ukraine	815	355	455	0.9	0.9	1.0	43,070	19,255	23,820	1.0	1.0	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	6,470	3,085	3,385	7.4	7.5	7.3	239,485	115,580	123,910	5.7	5.8	5.6
Other places of birth in Europe	3,145	1,535	1,610	3.6	3.7	3.5	135,725	64,620	71,100	3.2	3.3	3.2
Africa	7,270	3,660	3,610	8.3	8.9	7.8	287,920	140,080	147,840	6.8	7.1	6.7
Algeria	70	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,355	2,160	2,195	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,220	4,585	5,640	0.2	0.2	0.3
Egypt	2,880	1,505	1,380	3.3	3.7	3.0	39,345	20,480	18,865	0.9	1.0	0.8
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14,200	7,255	6,950	0.3	0.4	0.3
Ethiopia	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0	19,415	9,050	10,365	0.5	0.5	0.5
Morocco	130	65	60	0.1	0.2	0.1	8,105	3,805	4,300	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigeria	990	495	500	1.1	1.2	1.1	37,420	18,840	18,580	0.9	0.9	0.8
Somalia	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,335	8,590	11,745	0.5	0.4	0.5
South Africa, Republic of	1,300	660	640	1.5	1.6	1.4	21,540	10,620	10,915	0.5	0.5	0.5
Other places of birth in Africa	1,725	820	905	2.0	2.0	2.0	112,985	54,690	58,290	2.7	2.8	2.6
Asia	46,460	21,815	24,645	53.2	53.0	53.4	2,225,590	1,056,605	1,168,985	52.9	53.2	52.6
Afghanistan	460	195	260	0.5	0.5	0.6	38,580	19,100	19,480	0.9	1.0	0.9
Iran⁸⁸	1,385	685	695	1.6	1.7	1.5	103,795	52,260	51,535	2.5	2.6	2.3
Iraq	1,515	720	790	1.7	1.7	1.7	63,255	31,725	31,525	1.5	1.6	1.4
Lebanon	675	340	335	0.8	0.8	0.7	38,170	19,650	18,515	0.9	1.0	0.8
Syria⁸⁹	1,135	565	575	1.3	1.4	1.2	45,685	22,995	22,695	1.1	1.2	1.0
Turkey	535	295	240	0.6	0.7	0.5	20,795	11,105	9,690	0.5	0.6	0.4
China⁹⁰	13,330	6,140	7,190	15.3	14.9	15.6	355,955	159,035	196,925	8.5	8.0	8.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	1,205	550	655	1.4	1.3	1.4	108,480	50,730	57,750	2.6	2.6	2.6
Korea, South⁹²	2,180	975	1,210	2.5	2.4	2.6	62,750	28,690	34,060	1.5	1.4	1.5
Taiwan	380	170	205	0.4	0.4	0.4	18,105	7,825	10,275	0.4	0.4	0.5
Philippines	2,935	1,070	1,865	3.4	2.6	4.0	268,580	109,035	159,545	6.4	5.5	7.2
Viet Nam	740	315	425	0.8	0.8	0.9	86,315	39,175	47,140	2.1	2.0	2.1
Bangladesh	240	110	125	0.3	0.3	0.3	46,260	23,520	22,740	1.1	1.2	1.0
India	8,875	4,360	4,510	10.2	10.6	9.8	495,750	249,975	245,780	11.8	12.6	11.1
Pakistan	4,980	2,495	2,480	5.7	6.1	5.4	165,530	83,050	82,475	3.9	4.2	3.7
Sri Lanka	595	300	295	0.7	0.7	0.6	112,730	54,625	58,100	2.7	2.8	2.6
Other places of birth in Asia	5,295	2,520	2,775	6.1	6.1	6.0	194,855	94,100	100,750	4.6	4.7	4.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	380	230	155	0.4	0.6	0.3	13,810	7,140	6,670	0.3	0.4	0.3
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15,495	7,595	7,895	100.0	100.0	100.0	584,680	284,500	300,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	2,090	1,040	1,045	13.5	13.7	13.2	68,450	32,815	35,635	11.7	11.5	11.9
Brazil	485	225	260	3.1	3.0	3.3	8,725	4,095	4,625	1.5	1.4	1.5
Colombia	160	85	70	1.0	1.1	0.9	4,260	1,825	2,440	0.7	0.6	0.8
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550	705	845	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jamaica	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3	9,970	5,205	4,770	1.7	1.8	1.6
Mexico	180	90	95	1.2	1.2	1.2	5,810	2,740	3,065	1.0	1.0	1.0
United States of America	715	395	320	4.6	5.2	4.1	17,945	8,895	9,045	3.1	3.1	3.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	170	70	100	1.1	0.9	1.3	3,400	1,500	1,900	0.6	0.5	0.6
Other places of birth in Americas	330	150	175	2.1	2.0	2.2	16,795	7,840	8,955	2.9	2.8	3.0
Europe	1,420	745	670	9.2	9.8	8.5	47,295	23,945	23,345	8.1	8.4	7.8
France	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4	3,225	1,665	1,560	0.6	0.6	0.5
Germany	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1	1,685	885	795	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	60	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.3	2,225	1,465	760	0.4	0.5	0.3
Italy	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0	1,770	1,040	730	0.3	0.4	0.2
Russian Federation	175	85	90	1.1	1.1	1.1	5,150	2,010	3,135	0.9	0.7	1.0
Ukraine	95	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6	6,035	2,675	3,360	1.0	0.9	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	545	300	245	3.5	3.9	3.1	8,000	4,820	3,180	1.4	1.7	1.1
Other places of birth in Europe	450	230	220	2.9	3.0	2.8	19,200	9,375	9,830	3.3	3.3	3.3
Africa	1,685	855	825	10.9	11.3	10.4	64,910	32,295	32,615	11.1	11.4	10.9
Algeria	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1	1,130	545	585	0.2	0.2	0.2
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,790	815	970	0.3	0.3	0.3
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,585	750	830	0.3	0.3	0.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,275	1,020	1,260	0.4	0.4	0.4
Côte d'Ivoire	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1	1,085	495	595	0.2	0.2	0.2
Egypt	595	305	290	3.8	4.0	3.7	6,370	3,230	3,145	1.1	1.1	1.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,145	3,795	3,350	1.2	1.3	1.1
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,480	1,595	1,880	0.6	0.6	0.6
Morocco	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2	1,890	910	980	0.3	0.3	0.3
Nigeria	410	200	210	2.6	2.6	2.7	16,570	8,335	8,230	2.8	2.9	2.7
Somalia	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0	3,345	1,775	1,570	0.6	0.6	0.5
South Africa, Republic of	475	240	230	3.1	3.2	2.9	2,915	1,455	1,460	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,095	1,075	1,015	0.4	0.4	0.3
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	820	390	430	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other places of birth in Africa	95	55	45	0.6	0.7	0.6	12,405	6,105	6,305	2.1	2.1	2.1
Asia	10,250	4,925	5,325	66.2	64.8	67.4	401,940	194,220	207,725	68.7	68.3	69.2
Afghanistan	90	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.6	7,225	3,550	3,675	1.2	1.2	1.2
Bangladesh	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1	7,710	3,970	3,735	1.3	1.4	1.2
China⁹⁰	3,695	1,735	1,960	23.8	22.8	24.8	54,645	22,895	31,750	9.3	8.0	10.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	100	50	50	0.6	0.7	0.6	2,620	1,095	1,525	0.4	0.4	0.5
India	2,200	1,075	1,120	14.2	14.2	14.2	139,660	73,185	66,470	23.9	25.7	22.1
Iran⁸⁸	140	50	90	0.9	0.7	1.1	13,215	6,335	6,880	2.3	2.2	2.3
Iraq	195	115	90	1.3	1.5	1.1	12,940	6,415	6,525	2.2	2.3	2.2
Israel	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3	2,270	1,175	1,100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Japan	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4	1,460	345	1,115	0.2	0.1	0.4
Jordan	145	75	65	0.9	1.0	0.8	2,610	1,340	1,270	0.4	0.5	0.4
Korea, South⁹²	170	95	80	1.1	1.3	1.0	6,935	2,855	4,075	1.2	1.0	1.4
Lebanon	135	65	70	0.9	0.9	0.9	4,365	2,185	2,175	0.7	0.8	0.7
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,445	1,240	1,200	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pakistan	795	435	365	5.1	5.7	4.6	23,970	11,805	12,170	4.1	4.1	4.1
Philippines	540	205	335	3.5	2.7	4.2	45,235	19,170	26,070	7.7	6.7	8.7
Saudi Arabia	260	130	125	1.7	1.7	1.6	6,110	3,300	2,805	1.0	1.2	0.9
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0	5,895	2,770	3,120	1.0	1.0	1.0
Syria⁸⁹	700	325	375	4.5	4.3	4.7	30,180	15,370	14,805	5.2	5.4	4.9
Turkey	235	125	115	1.5	1.6	1.5	7,060	3,835	3,225	1.2	1.3	1.1
United Arab Emirates	380	215	165	2.5	2.8	2.1	5,310	2,785	2,520	0.9	1.0	0.8
Viet Nam	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3	6,020	2,205	3,815	1.0	0.8	1.3
Other places of birth in Asia	330	130	200	2.1	1.7	2.5	14,075	6,380	7,700	2.4	2.2	2.6
Oceania and other⁹³	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3	2,090	1,230	855	0.4	0.4	0.3
Australia	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3	1,620	985	640	0.3	0.3	0.2
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	470	250	220	0.1	0.1	0.1
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	212,060	102,875	109,185	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	95,450	45,145	50,305	45.0	43.9	46.1	4,725,795	2,259,845	2,465,955	33.7	32.8	34.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	57,375	28,760	28,615	27.1	28.0	26.2	3,180,170	1,594,980	1,585,195	22.7	23.2	22.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	59,230	28,970	30,265	27.9	28.2	27.7	6,125,785	3,032,745	3,093,040	43.7	44.0	43.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	72,085	34,040	38,045	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,346,285	1,581,710	1,764,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	50,485	25,090	25,395	70.0	73.7	66.7	1,669,195	831,060	838,135	49.9	52.5	47.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	18,870	12,490	6,380	26.2	36.7	16.8	697,905	424,975	272,930	20.9	26.9	15.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	31,610	12,600	19,010	43.9	37.0	50.0	971,295	406,090	565,205	29.0	25.7	32.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	14,840	5,540	9,290	20.6	16.3	24.4	1,037,680	420,725	616,955	31.0	26.6	35.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	6,340	3,200	3,140	8.8	9.4	8.3	587,735	306,430	281,310	17.6	19.4	15.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	425	205	215	0.6	0.6	0.6	51,675	23,490	28,180	1.5	1.5	1.6
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	72,085	34,040	38,045	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,346,285	1,581,710	1,764,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	2,515	1,320	1,195	3.5	3.9	3.1	262,835	139,045	123,790	7.9	8.8	7.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	6,095	2,750	3,345	8.5	8.1	8.8	289,330	131,810	157,520	8.6	8.3	8.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	2,245	1,165	1,080	3.1	3.4	2.8	79,320	39,275	40,050	2.4	2.5	2.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	3,530	1,740	1,790	4.9	5.1	4.7	179,715	85,115	94,595	5.4	5.4	5.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	300	145	150	0.4	0.4	0.4	19,030	7,670	11,360	0.6	0.5	0.6
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	57,400	26,915	30,485	79.6	79.1	80.1	2,516,055	1,178,800	1,337,255	75.2	74.5	75.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	212,060	102,875	109,185	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	90,130	43,230	46,895	42.5	42.0	43.0	4,817,360	2,350,135	2,467,230	34.3	34.1	34.5
South Asian	28,685	14,310	14,375	13.5	13.9	13.2	1,515,295	779,270	736,020	10.8	11.3	10.3
Chinese	23,055	10,870	12,185	10.9	10.6	11.2	820,245	388,310	431,935	5.8	5.6	6.0
Black	7,020	3,335	3,680	3.3	3.2	3.4	768,740	365,800	402,940	5.5	5.3	5.6
Filipino	4,170	1,655	2,515	2.0	1.6	2.3	363,650	157,580	206,070	2.6	2.3	2.9
Arab	10,020	5,045	4,975	4.7	4.9	4.6	284,215	146,815	137,395	2.0	2.1	1.9
Latin American	4,265	1,925	2,340	2.0	1.9	2.1	249,190	119,360	129,830	1.8	1.7	1.8
Southeast Asian	1,600	705	900	0.8	0.7	0.8	167,845	79,270	88,580	1.2	1.2	1.2
West Asian	2,480	1,240	1,240	1.2	1.2	1.1	212,185	106,670	105,520	1.5	1.5	1.5
Korean	3,440	1,620	1,820	1.6	1.6	1.7	99,425	46,800	52,625	0.7	0.7	0.7
Japanese	660	310	350	0.3	0.3	0.3	31,420	13,690	17,730	0.2	0.2	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	1,290	595	695	0.6	0.6	0.6	124,120	59,280	64,835	0.9	0.9	0.9
Multiple visible minorities	3,445	1,620	1,825	1.6	1.6	1.7	181,025	87,280	93,750	1.3	1.3	1.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	121,930	59,640	62,285	57.5	58.0	57.0	9,214,395	4,537,435	4,676,955	65.7	65.9	65.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	212,055	102,875	109,180	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,755	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	17,040	8,485	8,555	8.0	8.2	7.8	1,621,655	815,240	806,415	11.6	11.8	11.3
English	30,610	14,950	15,660	14.4	14.5	14.3	2,347,685	1,145,055	1,202,630	16.7	16.6	16.8
Irish	24,840	11,740	13,100	11.7	11.4	12.0	1,999,985	952,395	1,047,595	14.3	13.8	14.7
Scottish	24,210	11,840	12,370	11.4	11.5	11.3	1,937,010	938,335	998,680	13.8	13.6	14.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	9,570	4,505	5,065	4.5	4.4	4.6	1,039,385	500,570	538,815	7.4	7.3	7.5
German	11,935	5,830	6,105	5.6	5.7	5.6	1,058,075	517,665	540,410	7.5	7.5	7.6
Chinese	22,720	10,650	12,070	10.7	10.4	11.1	821,835	388,045	433,795	5.9	5.6	6.1
Italian	15,315	7,790	7,525	7.2	7.6	6.9	905,105	453,765	451,335	6.5	6.6	6.3
Indian (India)	15,700	7,805	7,895	7.4	7.6	7.2	764,435	392,845	371,585	5.4	5.7	5.2
Ukrainian	6,060	2,950	3,115	2.9	2.9	2.9	342,260	164,565	177,690	2.4	2.4	2.5
Dutch	4,645	2,405	2,245	2.2	2.3	2.1	478,860	236,645	242,210	3.4	3.4	3.4
Polish	8,660	4,140	4,520	4.1	4.0	4.1	461,090	221,095	240,000	3.3	3.2	3.4
Québécois	285	130	160	0.1	0.1	0.1	28,035	13,475	14,555	0.2	0.2	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	8,190	3,900	4,290	3.9	3.8	3.9	462,995	225,610	237,385	3.3	3.3	3.3
Filipino	4,250	1,710	2,540	2.0	1.7	2.3	355,680	154,820	200,860	2.5	2.2	2.8
French Canadian	1,750	790	965	0.8	0.8	0.9	199,845	94,210	105,630	1.4	1.4	1.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	2,475	1,245	1,230	1.2	1.2	1.1	221,315	110,260	111,055	1.6	1.6	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	625	295	325	0.3	0.3	0.3	160,660	76,990	83,670	1.1	1.1	1.2
Métis	635	280	355	0.3	0.3	0.3	131,780	63,205	68,580	0.9	0.9	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	2,715	1,395	1,330	1.3	1.4	1.2	182,785	90,865	91,920	1.3	1.3	1.3
Russian	3,055	1,415	1,640	1.4	1.4	1.5	187,460	87,560	99,900	1.3	1.3	1.4
Norwegian	865	435	435	0.4	0.4	0.4	62,840	30,300	32,535	0.4	0.4	0.5
Welsh	2,620	1,260	1,360	1.2	1.2	1.2	188,980	89,555	99,425	1.3	1.3	1.4
Portuguese	6,720	3,240	3,480	3.2	3.1	3.2	300,600	149,460	151,145	2.1	2.2	2.1
American	2,415	1,185	1,235	1.1	1.2	1.1	129,750	62,895	66,855	0.9	0.9	0.9
Spanish	2,995	1,315	1,685	1.4	1.3	1.5	143,840	66,950	76,890	1.0	1.0	1.1
Swedish	1,095	475	615	0.5	0.5	0.6	68,260	31,655	36,600	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hungarian	2,290	1,090	1,195	1.1	1.1	1.1	149,040	72,070	76,970	1.1	1.0	1.1
Acadian	305	140	165	0.1	0.1	0.2	34,125	16,055	18,070	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pakistani	6,975	3,425	3,550	3.3	3.3	3.3	212,650	107,640	105,015	1.5	1.6	1.5
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	1,870	955	915	0.9	0.9	0.8	149,265	72,095	77,175	1.1	1.0	1.1
Jewish	1,285	635	640	0.6	0.6	0.6	155,180	77,755	77,425	1.1	1.1	1.1
Punjabi	2,155	1,035	1,120	1.0	1.0	1.0	119,085	62,110	56,985	0.8	0.9	0.8
Vietnamese	1,210	535	685	0.6	0.5	0.6	122,735	58,135	64,590	0.9	0.8	0.9
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	3,910	1,965	1,940	1.8	1.9	1.8	110,250	56,985	53,270	0.8	0.8	0.7
Greek	2,620	1,410	1,210	1.2	1.4	1.1	143,065	72,455	70,605	1.0	1.1	1.0
Jamaican	2,110	1,065	1,040	1.0	1.0	1.0	201,945	95,525	106,420	1.4	1.4	1.5
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	2,305	1,075	1,230	1.1	1.0	1.1	110,750	53,190	57,565	0.8	0.8	0.8
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	110	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,025	9,580	10,445	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	3,440	1,590	1,850	1.6	1.5	1.7	100,025	47,215	52,810	0.7	0.7	0.7
Romanian	1,855	975	885	0.9	0.9	0.8	86,435	41,425	45,005	0.6	0.6	0.6
Lebanese	1,560	775	785	0.7	0.8	0.7	80,345	40,555	39,790	0.6	0.6	0.6
Iranian	1,540	770	770	0.7	0.7	0.7	109,410	55,025	54,385	0.8	0.8	0.8
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,390	665	730	0.7	0.6	0.7	73,665	35,960	37,705	0.5	0.5	0.5
Danish	895	415	480	0.4	0.4	0.4	52,170	25,415	26,755	0.4	0.4	0.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	180	80	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	61,790	29,610	32,175	0.4	0.4	0.5
Sikh	1,060	525	535	0.5	0.5	0.5	77,805	40,720	37,085	0.6	0.6	0.5
Austrian	1,190	600	595	0.6	0.6	0.5	63,920	31,280	32,640	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belgian	565	310	250	0.3	0.3	0.2	56,860	28,120	28,745	0.4	0.4	0.4
Haitian	55	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,930	8,440	9,495	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindu	2,225	1,155	1,070	1.0	1.1	1.0	106,970	56,425	50,545	0.8	0.8	0.7
Mexican	935	485	450	0.4	0.5	0.4	54,725	27,070	27,655	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mennonite	160	60	105	0.1	0.1	0.1	38,095	19,075	19,025	0.3	0.3	0.3
Swiss	750	415	335	0.4	0.4	0.3	56,510	27,790	28,720	0.4	0.4	0.4
Finnish	880	470	415	0.4	0.5	0.4	76,275	36,805	39,465	0.5	0.5	0.6
Sri Lankan	635	310	330	0.3	0.3	0.3	105,765	51,825	53,940	0.8	0.8	0.8
Croatian	3,865	1,815	2,050	1.8	1.8	1.9	79,240	39,340	39,900	0.6	0.6	0.6
Japanese	915	440	480	0.4	0.4	0.4	42,250	18,715	23,530	0.3	0.3	0.3
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	1,810	920	885	0.9	0.9	0.8	83,435	42,105	41,335	0.6	0.6	0.6
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	195	100	95	0.1	0.1	0.1	21,650	10,225	11,420	0.2	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	560	280	280	0.3	0.3	0.3	31,395	15,385	16,005	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	1,245	615	630	0.6	0.6	0.6	62,780	31,910	30,865	0.4	0.5	0.4
Egyptian	3,830	2,005	1,825	1.8	1.9	1.7	54,210	28,345	25,855	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	925	470	455	0.4	0.5	0.4	48,595	23,670	24,920	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamil	485	235	255	0.2	0.2	0.2	86,580	43,270	43,310	0.6	0.6	0.6
Icelandic	305	155	145	0.1	0.2	0.1	13,915	6,875	7,045	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombian	1,000	485	520	0.5	0.5	0.5	39,420	18,730	20,690	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moroccan	125	60	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,300	5,935	6,365	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	730	380	345	0.3	0.4	0.3	39,400	18,745	20,655	0.3	0.3	0.3
Syrian	1,375	680	695	0.6	0.7	0.6	42,525	21,170	21,365	0.3	0.3	0.3
Guyanese	605	250	355	0.3	0.2	0.3	85,455	40,520	44,935	0.6	0.6	0.6
Afghan	890	375	515	0.4	0.4	0.5	61,255	30,315	30,940	0.4	0.4	0.4
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	390	180	215	0.2	0.2	0.2	59,655	27,150	32,505	0.4	0.4	0.5
Serbian	2,065	1,025	1,040	1.0	1.0	1.0	64,415	32,230	32,175	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ojibway	130	40	90	0.1	0.0	0.1	52,770	25,660	27,110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Newfoundlander	300	145	150	0.1	0.1	0.1	29,950	14,735	15,215	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	535	255	275	0.3	0.2	0.3	41,120	19,885	21,235	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ontarian	555	285	270	0.3	0.3	0.2	64,245	31,915	32,335	0.5	0.5	0.5
Persian	845	450	395	0.4	0.4	0.4	46,445	23,795	22,650	0.3	0.3	0.3
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,085	490	590	0.5	0.5	0.5	59,110	28,445	30,670	0.4	0.4	0.4
Turkish	1,205	670	535	0.6	0.7	0.5	43,555	22,580	20,970	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,160	2,810	3,350	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	335	165	170	0.2	0.2	0.2	47,195	24,190	23,000	0.3	0.4	0.3
Algerian	85	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,970	2,450	2,510	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	960	440	520	0.5	0.4	0.5	33,905	16,455	17,450	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigerian	725	365	360	0.3	0.4	0.3	36,750	17,890	18,865	0.3	0.3	0.3
Armenian	485	240	245	0.2	0.2	0.2	30,860	15,245	15,610	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slovak	875	455	420	0.4	0.4	0.4	37,165	18,390	18,780	0.3	0.3	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	510	255	260	0.2	0.2	0.2	32,880	15,745	17,135	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	200	95	105	0.1	0.1	0.1	41,640	19,575	22,070	0.3	0.3	0.3
Taiwanese	330	150	180	0.2	0.1	0.2	17,960	8,150	9,810	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	1,025	500	525	0.5	0.5	0.5	42,980	21,520	21,460	0.3	0.3	0.3
Salvadorean	95	35	65	0.0	0.0	0.1	24,740	11,925	12,815	0.2	0.2	0.2
African Caribbean	425	175	255	0.2	0.2	0.2	43,475	19,070	24,405	0.3	0.3	0.3
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	680	345	335	0.3	0.3	0.3	32,785	15,515	17,265	0.2	0.2	0.2
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	1,310	680	630	0.6	0.7	0.6	38,000	19,570	18,430	0.3	0.3	0.3
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	470	215	250	0.2	0.2	0.2	39,165	17,615	21,555	0.3	0.3	0.3
Algonquin	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,910	9,815	11,090	0.1	0.1	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	465	195	265	0.2	0.2	0.2	42,575	19,380	23,200	0.3	0.3	0.3
Lithuanian	660	275	385	0.3	0.3	0.4	29,870	14,165	15,705	0.2	0.2	0.2
South African	985	460	530	0.5	0.4	0.5	21,965	11,055	10,910	0.2	0.2	0.2
Australian	435	240	195	0.2	0.2	0.2	14,775	7,780	6,995	0.1	0.1	0.1
Palestinian	1,310	660	650	0.6	0.6	0.6	30,365	15,605	14,755	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chilean	175	75	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,370	6,800	7,570	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	90	45	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,815	5,870	6,945	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	165	75	95	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,195	5,000	5,190	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	85	50	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,625	9,970	10,665	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	390	170	220	0.2	0.2	0.2	22,825	10,645	12,180	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peruvian	655	260	395	0.3	0.3	0.4	15,260	7,295	7,965	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	500	255	240	0.2	0.2	0.2	19,350	9,870	9,475	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cambodian (Khmer)	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,155	7,065	8,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	45	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,055	1,585	1,470	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	640	315	325	0.3	0.3	0.3	29,575	14,865	14,715	0.2	0.2	0.2
Maltese	860	420	440	0.4	0.4	0.4	33,825	16,710	17,110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Macedonian	710	340	370	0.3	0.3	0.3	35,925	17,810	18,115	0.3	0.3	0.3
Slovenian	730	365	370	0.3	0.4	0.3	25,085	12,325	12,760	0.2	0.2	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	230	100	130	0.1	0.1	0.1	13,170	6,310	6,855	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,865	2,750	3,115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	405	195	200	0.2	0.2	0.2	25,995	13,705	12,285	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,165	8,390	8,770	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Canadian	195	75	120	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,025	9,540	10,485	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	240	150	95	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,570	10,745	9,825	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mohawk	85	50	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	20,595	10,170	10,425	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	120	65	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	12,115	5,600	6,505	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	475	265	215	0.2	0.3	0.2	15,900	7,810	8,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,185	580	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	200	90	110	0.1	0.1	0.1	20,935	10,015	10,915	0.1	0.1	0.2
Barbadian	255	105	150	0.1	0.1	0.1	21,205	10,175	11,035	0.2	0.1	0.2
African American	135	70	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	16,380	7,985	8,395	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	170	95	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	16,400	7,800	8,605	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	60	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,430	1,240	1,190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	445	205	245	0.2	0.2	0.2	15,800	7,910	7,890	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuban	185	80	100	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,785	7,185	7,600	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	580	280	300	0.3	0.3	0.3	16,065	8,070	7,995	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	845	420	425	0.4	0.4	0.4	12,885	6,015	6,865	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,010	440	575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	265	120	140	0.1	0.1	0.1	16,070	7,545	8,525	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	140	95	40	0.1	0.1	0.0	16,665	8,635	8,030	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,295	2,060	2,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	80	25	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,175	5,045	5,130	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	265	120	150	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,645	4,835	5,820	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	125	55	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,870	5,165	5,695	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	150	70	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,560	4,790	5,775	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern Irish	340	155	180	0.2	0.2	0.2	14,875	7,390	7,480	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	140	60	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,135	5,135	5,005	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,020	460	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	180	60	125	0.1	0.1	0.1	18,835	8,955	9,880	0.1	0.1	0.1
Franco Ontarian	75	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	18,755	8,900	9,855	0.1	0.1	0.1
Argentinian	250	125	120	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,950	5,935	6,015	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	295	145	150	0.1	0.1	0.1	14,025	6,585	7,440	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	125	75	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	13,495	7,445	6,050	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,345	1,080	1,265	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	130	70	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,195	4,725	4,470	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	110	40	60	0.1	0.0	0.1	8,040	4,020	4,025	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	865	450	420	0.4	0.4	0.4	14,845	7,400	7,440	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	130	40	90	0.1	0.0	0.1	7,850	3,215	4,640	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dominican	175	65	110	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,585	4,185	4,400	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	11,585	5,890	5,690	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	570	255	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	75	40	40	0.0	0.0	0.0	17,080	8,360	8,720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Igbo	255	135	115	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,595	4,175	4,420	0.1	0.1	0.1
Byelorussian	275	140	135	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,730	4,630	5,095	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	285	110	175	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,445	1,675	1,760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,300	590	710	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	80	20	60	0.0	0.0	0.1	4,295	2,065	2,225	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,550	2,640	2,910	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	175	95	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,865	2,645	2,220	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	130	55	75	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,200	4,570	4,630	0.1	0.1	0.1
Breton	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	650	325	325	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	90	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	12,085	5,180	6,900	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malaysian	175	60	115	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,360	3,380	3,990	0.1	0.0	0.1
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	365	180	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	100	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,660	1,850	1,810	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,070	1,000	1,075	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,755	720	1,040	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	110	45	70	0.1	0.0	0.1	8,440	4,045	4,400	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	700	335	365	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,250	1,330	925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	100	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,250	4,355	4,895	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ivorian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,270	1,040	1,230	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	735	340	390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,980	3,250	3,735	0.0	0.0	0.1
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,105	1,940	2,165	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,290	2,750	2,535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	60	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,575	3,055	3,520	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	95	45	45	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,050	2,540	2,510	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	105	60	45	0.0	0.1	0.0	6,970	3,290	3,680	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,300	3,560	3,745	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vincentian	90	40	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	9,080	4,010	5,070	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jordanian	490	260	225	0.2	0.3	0.2	9,040	4,825	4,215	0.1	0.1	0.1
Manitoban	45	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,505	700	800	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,040	1,440	1,595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,450	1,580	1,865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	135	80	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,250	4,820	5,430	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malayali	75	40	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	8,100	4,245	3,860	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chaldean	250	120	130	0.1	0.1	0.1	10,280	5,185	5,090	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sinhalese	225	140	85	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,060	3,985	4,075	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,085	2,065	2,025	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	55	30	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,735	1,870	1,865	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,555	1,630	1,920	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,350	585	765	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	110	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	8,830	3,915	4,920	0.1	0.1	0.1
Flemish	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,565	1,770	1,790	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,730	3,345	3,390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,155	610	550	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	95	50	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	6,235	3,235	3,005	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,840	3,075	2,760	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	110	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,385	3,395	2,990	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	165	80	90	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,910	1,930	1,980	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	225	85	140	0.1	0.1	0.1	7,930	3,830	4,100	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,150	1,535	1,615	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	55	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,380	3,630	3,745	0.1	0.1	0.1
Zimbabwean	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,780	1,780	2,005	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	70	40	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,290	1,980	2,310	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	65	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,585	1,635	1,950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	165	85	75	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,085	2,875	3,210	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,100	570	530	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	95	30	65	0.0	0.0	0.1	7,605	3,425	4,180	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ugandan	55	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,685	2,225	2,460	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,015	1,570	1,445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	70	20	50	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,865	2,285	2,580	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	125	55	75	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,300	2,585	2,715	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,630	770	860	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	60	30	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,200	2,155	2,050	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	35	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,515	835	680	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	105	30	75	0.0	0.0	0.1	4,720	2,335	2,390	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,055	2,045	2,010	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,605	1,650	1,955	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,245	950	1,300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,165	605	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	150	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,120	530	590	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,850	2,660	3,190	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,900	890	1,010	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	615	285	335	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	45	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,325	630	695	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	190	115	80	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,755	2,665	2,090	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,470	1,735	1,735	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	45	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,735	1,390	1,345	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,650	725	925	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	555	265	290	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	185	75	105	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,905	1,900	2,000	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,320	1,070	1,250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,365	1,185	1,180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,515	1,705	1,810	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,150	2,065	2,080	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,135	1,560	1,575	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	855	365	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	212,060	102,875	109,185	100.0	100.0	100.0	14,031,750	6,887,570	7,144,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	2,390	1,080	1,310	1.1	1.0	1.2	164,215	73,715	90,500	1.2	1.1	1.3
Christian	111,530	52,170	59,360	52.6	50.7	54.4	7,315,810	3,410,290	3,905,520	52.1	49.5	54.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	14,520	6,630	7,890	6.8	6.4	7.2	1,070,190	503,135	567,055	7.6	7.3	7.9
Anabaptist	460	200	260	0.2	0.2	0.2	57,795	28,065	29,725	0.4	0.4	0.4
Anglican	7,990	3,755	4,235	3.8	3.7	3.9	525,425	236,080	289,345	3.7	3.4	4.1
Baptist	1,525	655	875	0.7	0.6	0.8	165,400	75,170	90,230	1.2	1.1	1.3
Catholic	61,055	28,805	32,250	28.8	28.0	29.5	3,654,825	1,729,760	1,925,070	26.0	25.1	26.9
Christian Orthodox	8,405	4,200	4,205	4.0	4.1	3.9	329,850	158,655	171,200	2.4	2.3	2.4
Jehovah's Witness	470	200	270	0.2	0.2	0.2	48,290	20,680	27,610	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	110	35	75	0.1	0.0	0.1	16,420	7,710	8,710	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	1,320	625	690	0.6	0.6	0.6	114,810	52,600	62,215	0.8	0.8	0.9
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	415	210	205	0.2	0.2	0.2	35,320	15,890	19,430	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	1,265	590	675	0.6	0.6	0.6	174,605	77,250	97,360	1.2	1.1	1.4
Presbyterian	3,080	1,385	1,690	1.5	1.3	1.5	202,275	91,710	110,560	1.4	1.3	1.5
Reformed	370	205	155	0.2	0.2	0.1	47,400	23,275	24,120	0.3	0.3	0.3
United Church	6,910	3,040	3,870	3.3	3.0	3.5	570,830	251,315	319,520	4.1	3.6	4.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	3,650	1,625	2,025	1.7	1.6	1.9	302,375	138,995	163,385	2.2	2.0	2.3
Hindu	9,510	4,775	4,735	4.5	4.6	4.3	573,700	295,980	277,720	4.1	4.3	3.9
Jewish	1,340	655	680	0.6	0.6	0.6	196,100	96,075	100,020	1.4	1.4	1.4
Muslim	22,015	10,895	11,120	10.4	10.6	10.2	942,990	474,965	468,025	6.7	6.9	6.6
Sikh	4,045	1,935	2,110	1.9	1.9	1.9	300,435	155,390	145,040	2.1	2.3	2.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	15,985	7,400	8,580	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	1,140	535	600	0.5	0.5	0.5	88,845	37,840	51,000	0.6	0.5	0.7
No religion and secular perspectives	60,075	30,815	29,260	28.3	30.0	26.8	4,433,675	2,335,900	2,097,770	31.6	33.9	29.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	210,570	102,135	108,435	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,904,805	6,823,190	7,081,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	185,150	89,745	95,400	87.9	87.9	88.0	12,295,685	6,023,840	6,271,855	88.4	88.3	88.6
Movers	25,415	12,380	13,030	12.1	12.1	12.0	1,609,120	799,355	809,765	11.6	11.7	11.4
Non-migrants	10,240	4,820	5,410	4.9	4.7	5.0	914,170	454,180	459,990	6.6	6.7	6.5
Migrants	15,180	7,560	7,620	7.2	7.4	7.0	694,950	345,175	349,775	5.0	5.1	4.9
Internal migrants	11,865	5,820	6,045	5.6	5.7	5.6	570,275	282,115	288,165	4.1	4.1	4.1
Intraprovincial migrants	10,950	5,405	5,540	5.2	5.3	5.1	516,425	255,130	261,300	3.7	3.7	3.7
Interprovincial migrants	920	420	500	0.4	0.4	0.5	53,850	26,985	26,865	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	3,310	1,735	1,575	1.6	1.7	1.5	124,670	63,060	61,610	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	202,780	98,245	104,530	100.0	100.0	100.0	13,349,180	6,539,010	6,810,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	122,625	59,410	63,220	60.5	60.5	60.5	8,361,770	4,077,100	4,284,665	62.6	62.4	62.9
Movers	80,155	38,840	41,315	39.5	39.5	39.5	4,987,410	2,461,910	2,525,505	37.4	37.6	37.1
Non-migrants	23,860	11,525	12,340	11.8	11.7	11.8	2,087,055	1,023,085	1,063,965	15.6	15.6	15.6
Migrants	56,295	27,320	28,975	27.8	27.8	27.7	2,900,355	1,438,815	1,461,540	21.7	22.0	21.5
Internal migrants	37,985	18,305	19,680	18.7	18.6	18.8	2,167,365	1,064,190	1,103,170	16.2	16.3	16.2
Intraprovincial migrants	33,815	16,305	17,510	16.7	16.6	16.8	1,938,720	949,475	989,250	14.5	14.5	14.5
Interprovincial migrants	4,175	2,005	2,170	2.1	2.0	2.1	228,640	114,715	113,925	1.7	1.8	1.7
External migrants	18,305	9,010	9,290	9.0	9.2	8.9	732,990	374,630	358,365	5.5	5.7	5.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	173,625	83,340	90,290	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,825	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	19,360	9,470	9,890	11.2	11.4	11.0	1,969,920	1,007,805	962,115	16.7	17.6	15.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	154,265	73,865	80,395	88.8	88.6	89.0	9,812,905	4,725,555	5,087,350	83.3	82.4	84.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	111,485	53,175	58,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,584,645	3,700,540	3,884,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,790	2,025	1,770	3.4	3.8	3.0	757,455	418,970	338,485	10.0	11.3	8.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	107,695	51,155	56,545	96.6	96.2	97.0	6,827,190	3,281,570	3,545,615	90.0	88.7	91.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	173,625	83,340	90,285	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,145	8,770	9,375	10.5	10.5	10.4	1,799,890	904,590	895,300	15.3	15.8	14.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	36,890	17,965	18,925	21.2	21.6	21.0	3,204,170	1,608,155	1,596,015	27.2	28.0	26.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	118,590	56,600	61,985	68.3	67.9	68.7	6,778,765	3,220,615	3,558,155	57.5	56.2	58.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35,355	16,295	19,055	20.4	19.6	21.1	3,250,175	1,592,945	1,657,230	27.6	27.8	27.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,910	3,215	1,690	2.8	3.9	1.9	592,485	426,550	165,935	5.0	7.4	2.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,535	1,420	1,110	1.5	1.7	1.2	287,155	178,555	108,605	2.4	3.1	1.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,375	1,795	575	1.4	2.2	0.6	305,330	248,000	57,325	2.6	4.3	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	25,865	11,145	14,720	14.9	13.4	16.3	2,389,205	1,046,345	1,342,855	20.3	18.3	22.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,580	1,935	2,645	2.6	2.3	2.9	268,480	120,040	148,440	2.3	2.1	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	83,230	40,305	42,925	47.9	48.4	47.5	3,528,600	1,627,675	1,900,925	29.9	28.4	31.4
Bachelor's degree	51,400	23,935	27,465	29.6	28.7	30.4	2,307,685	1,034,000	1,273,685	19.6	18.0	21.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	5,225	2,365	2,865	3.0	2.8	3.2	224,820	99,320	125,500	1.9	1.7	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,380	1,125	1,260	1.4	1.3	1.4	90,530	45,085	45,445	0.8	0.8	0.8
Master's degree	21,565	11,275	10,290	12.4	13.5	11.4	786,440	377,795	408,640	6.7	6.6	6.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	2,660	1,605	1,055	1.5	1.9	1.2	119,125	71,465	47,655	1.0	1.2	0.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	111,485	53,175	58,315	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,584,645	3,700,540	3,884,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,190	1,690	1,505	2.9	3.2	2.6	667,665	367,715	299,945	8.8	9.9	7.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	15,200	7,670	7,530	13.6	14.4	12.9	1,770,810	938,035	832,775	23.3	25.3	21.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	93,095	43,815	49,280	83.5	82.4	84.5	5,146,170	2,394,785	2,751,385	67.8	64.7	70.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25,120	11,685	13,435	22.5	22.0	23.0	2,356,375	1,142,180	1,214,195	31.1	30.9	31.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,070	2,015	1,055	2.8	3.8	1.8	384,770	276,165	108,600	5.1	7.5	2.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,555	845	710	1.4	1.6	1.2	184,665	114,510	70,155	2.4	3.1	1.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,515	1,165	355	1.4	2.2	0.6	200,110	161,655	38,450	2.6	4.4	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	18,915	8,395	10,520	17.0	15.8	18.0	1,787,580	784,340	1,003,235	23.6	21.2	25.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,135	1,280	1,860	2.8	2.4	3.2	184,030	81,665	102,360	2.4	2.2	2.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	67,975	32,130	35,845	61.0	60.4	61.5	2,789,795	1,252,610	1,537,190	36.8	33.8	39.6
Bachelor's degree	40,765	18,605	22,160	36.6	35.0	38.0	1,798,010	793,045	1,004,965	23.7	21.4	25.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,170	1,810	2,360	3.7	3.4	4.0	173,205	72,790	100,420	2.3	2.0	2.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,020	860	1,155	1.8	1.6	2.0	71,055	31,530	39,525	0.9	0.9	1.0
Master's degree	18,885	9,645	9,240	16.9	18.1	15.8	658,060	305,270	352,785	8.7	8.2	9.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	2,135	1,205	930	1.9	2.3	1.6	89,470	49,975	39,490	1.2	1.4	1.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	173,625	83,340	90,285	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	55,035	26,735	28,305	31.7	32.1	31.4	5,004,055	2,512,745	2,491,305	42.5	43.8	41.2
Education	5,675	950	4,725	3.3	1.1	5.2	358,255	79,480	278,775	3.0	1.4	4.6
13. Education	5,675	950	4,725	3.3	1.1	5.2	358,255	79,480	278,775	3.0	1.4	4.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,615	1,570	3,045	2.7	1.9	3.4	258,480	110,905	147,580	2.2	1.9	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	430	270	160	0.2	0.3	0.2	26,160	18,830	7,330	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	4,185	1,300	2,885	2.4	1.6	3.2	232,325	92,080	140,250	2.0	1.6	2.3
Humanities	7,085	2,110	4,970	4.1	2.5	5.5	388,160	139,895	248,265	3.3	2.4	4.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	835	160	670	0.5	0.2	0.7	40,335	8,230	32,110	0.3	0.1	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	1,925	420	1,505	1.1	0.5	1.7	99,000	27,245	71,755	0.8	0.5	1.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,250	650	1,600	1.3	0.8	1.8	112,250	37,775	74,470	1.0	0.7	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	150	40	110	0.1	0.0	0.1	10,520	3,610	6,915	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	385	180	205	0.2	0.2	0.2	26,705	14,590	12,115	0.2	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	295	170	125	0.2	0.2	0.1	28,715	17,275	11,440	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	920	460	460	0.5	0.6	0.5	54,415	28,500	25,910	0.5	0.5	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	325	35	290	0.2	0.0	0.3	16,220	2,670	13,555	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	17,395	6,415	10,980	10.0	7.7	12.2	928,970	308,755	620,210	7.9	5.4	10.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	125	30	95	0.1	0.0	0.1	12,940	2,725	10,220	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,155	730	1,420	1.2	0.9	1.6	106,350	42,040	64,305	0.9	0.7	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,580	100	1,475	0.9	0.1	1.6	154,370	12,575	141,795	1.3	0.2	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	2,810	1,125	1,680	1.6	1.3	1.9	144,535	50,355	94,180	1.2	0.9	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	330	130	195	0.2	0.2	0.2	24,040	7,835	16,205	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	2,520	530	1,995	1.5	0.6	2.2	142,265	33,385	108,885	1.2	0.6	1.8
45. Social sciences	7,880	3,765	4,120	4.5	4.5	4.6	344,465	159,850	184,620	2.9	2.8	3.1
Business, management and public administration	34,080	17,040	17,040	19.6	20.4	18.9	1,472,490	630,535	841,955	12.5	11.0	13.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,340	850	1,490	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,235	280	960	0.7	0.3	1.1	123,510	24,630	98,885	1.0	0.4	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	32,815	16,750	16,065	18.9	20.1	17.8	1,346,635	605,055	741,585	11.4	10.6	12.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	5,790	2,760	3,025	3.3	3.3	3.4	303,310	141,260	162,050	2.6	2.5	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,255	890	1,365	1.3	1.1	1.5	133,895	52,610	81,285	1.1	0.9	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,550	630	920	0.9	0.8	1.0	69,195	30,195	38,995	0.6	0.5	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	105	15	95	0.1	0.0	0.1	6,440	1,795	4,640	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	1,750	1,170	580	1.0	1.4	0.6	80,200	51,680	28,525	0.7	0.9	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	130	60	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	13,585	4,980	8,605	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	7,580	4,680	2,905	4.4	5.6	3.2	367,845	240,245	127,600	3.1	4.2	2.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	5,680	3,805	1,880	3.3	4.6	2.1	284,925	198,705	86,220	2.4	3.5	1.4
25. Library science	280	40	245	0.2	0.0	0.3	16,090	2,620	13,475	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,365	655	710	0.8	0.8	0.8	56,120	31,880	24,245	0.5	0.6	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	255	180	75	0.1	0.2	0.1	10,705	7,040	3,660	0.1	0.1	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	19,280	15,700	3,575	11.1	18.8	4.0	1,274,815	1,122,875	151,940	10.8	19.6	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	1,295	780	515	0.7	0.9	0.6	61,850	39,075	22,780	0.5	0.7	0.4
14. Engineering	11,110	8,555	2,555	6.4	10.3	2.8	414,085	329,125	84,960	3.5	5.7	1.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	3,155	2,765	390	1.8	3.3	0.4	278,410	247,630	30,775	2.4	4.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	185	35	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,450	1,400	50	0.8	1.7	0.1	197,795	193,595	4,205	1.7	3.4	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,475	1,435	35	0.8	1.7	0.0	208,980	204,525	4,450	1.8	3.6	0.1
48. Precision production	795	765	35	0.5	0.9	0.0	113,510	108,890	4,625	1.0	1.9	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,425	740	685	0.8	0.9	0.8	132,765	73,065	59,705	1.1	1.3	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	855	445	415	0.5	0.5	0.5	86,885	46,085	40,795	0.7	0.8	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	570	300	275	0.3	0.4	0.3	45,885	26,975	18,910	0.4	0.5	0.3
Health and related fields	12,565	3,215	9,345	7.2	3.9	10.4	939,610	194,715	744,900	8.0	3.4	12.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	1,465	725	735	0.8	0.9	0.8	84,485	41,350	43,135	0.7	0.7	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	10,455	2,150	8,310	6.0	2.6	9.2	828,240	139,360	688,880	7.0	2.4	11.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,335	585	1,750	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	610	330	280	0.4	0.4	0.3	24,520	13,410	11,110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,080	1,415	1,670	1.8	1.7	1.8	351,505	178,155	173,350	3.0	3.1	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,705	395	1,315	1.0	0.5	1.5	181,985	49,755	132,230	1.5	0.9	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	35	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,135	1,895	240	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,200	2,010	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	890	590	305	0.5	0.7	0.3	110,890	75,460	35,430	0.9	1.3	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	430	390	45	0.2	0.5	0.0	54,295	49,040	5,255	0.5	0.9	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,555	725	1,830	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	111,485	53,175	58,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,584,650	3,700,540	3,884,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	18,390	9,360	9,030	16.5	17.6	15.5	2,438,475	1,305,750	1,132,720	32.2	35.3	29.2
Education	3,990	595	3,390	3.6	1.1	5.8	242,725	50,715	192,005	3.2	1.4	4.9
13. Education	3,990	595	3,390	3.6	1.1	5.8	242,725	50,715	192,005	3.2	1.4	4.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,455	1,170	2,285	3.1	2.2	3.9	199,945	84,310	115,635	2.6	2.3	3.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	335	215	115	0.3	0.4	0.2	18,425	12,920	5,505	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	3,120	955	2,165	2.8	1.8	3.7	181,520	71,390	110,130	2.4	1.9	2.8
Humanities	5,090	1,465	3,625	4.6	2.8	6.2	279,505	97,835	181,670	3.7	2.6	4.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	670	115	550	0.6	0.2	0.9	29,620	5,455	24,165	0.4	0.1	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	1,385	285	1,100	1.2	0.5	1.9	71,745	19,350	52,390	0.9	0.5	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,605	465	1,135	1.4	0.9	1.9	83,455	27,595	55,860	1.1	0.7	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	80	20	60	0.1	0.0	0.1	7,195	2,395	4,805	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	260	135	120	0.2	0.3	0.2	19,380	10,610	8,765	0.3	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	185	95	95	0.2	0.2	0.2	18,420	11,085	7,335	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	665	325	340	0.6	0.6	0.6	39,275	19,895	19,380	0.5	0.5	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	250	20	230	0.2	0.0	0.4	10,415	1,445	8,970	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	13,875	4,880	8,995	12.4	9.2	15.4	729,685	232,410	497,275	9.6	6.3	12.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	110	25	80	0.1	0.0	0.1	10,515	2,085	8,430	0.1	0.1	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,750	550	1,205	1.6	1.0	2.1	88,895	34,255	54,645	1.2	0.9	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,235	70	1,160	1.1	0.1	2.0	119,090	8,825	110,265	1.6	0.2	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	2,300	830	1,470	2.1	1.6	2.5	117,900	37,130	80,775	1.6	1.0	2.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	230	105	125	0.2	0.2	0.2	18,585	6,035	12,555	0.2	0.2	0.3
42. Psychology	1,940	405	1,545	1.7	0.8	2.6	107,035	23,715	83,320	1.4	0.6	2.1
45. Social sciences	6,310	2,900	3,410	5.7	5.5	5.8	267,660	120,375	147,285	3.5	3.3	3.8
Business, management and public administration	28,140	13,885	14,260	25.2	26.1	24.5	1,161,875	487,235	674,650	15.3	13.2	17.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,785	655	1,130	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	905	190	715	0.8	0.4	1.2	98,675	18,325	80,355	1.3	0.5	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	27,215	13,690	13,525	24.4	25.7	23.2	1,061,420	468,255	593,165	14.0	12.7	15.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,200	1,905	2,295	3.8	3.6	3.9	220,805	97,905	122,895	2.9	2.6	3.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,675	670	1,005	1.5	1.3	1.7	100,550	38,595	61,955	1.3	1.0	1.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,185	465	720	1.1	0.9	1.2	50,505	21,085	29,425	0.7	0.6	0.8
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	95	15	85	0.1	0.0	0.1	5,100	1,410	3,690	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	1,165	730	440	1.0	1.4	0.8	55,565	33,765	21,800	0.7	0.9	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,090	3,055	6,035	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	6,540	4,100	2,445	5.9	7.7	4.2	304,045	200,360	103,685	4.0	5.4	2.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	5,040	3,400	1,640	4.5	6.4	2.8	244,700	170,900	73,800	3.2	4.6	1.9
25. Library science	170	30	140	0.2	0.1	0.2	9,860	1,740	8,120	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,115	515	605	1.0	1.0	1.0	40,875	22,115	18,760	0.5	0.6	0.5
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	210	155	55	0.2	0.3	0.1	8,610	5,605	3,005	0.1	0.2	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	14,805	11,670	3,135	13.3	21.9	5.4	932,505	805,990	126,515	12.3	21.8	3.3
04. Architecture and related services	1,040	595	435	0.9	1.1	0.7	48,030	29,245	18,785	0.6	0.8	0.5
14. Engineering	8,980	6,665	2,315	8.1	12.5	4.0	326,190	252,675	73,515	4.3	6.8	1.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,280	1,965	315	2.0	3.7	0.5	202,375	178,135	24,240	2.7	4.8	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	165	35	130	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,025	990	40	0.9	1.9	0.1	137,150	133,905	3,240	1.8	3.6	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,005	985	20	0.9	1.9	0.0	143,480	140,190	3,290	1.9	3.8	0.1
48. Precision production	485	470	15	0.4	0.9	0.0	75,115	71,805	3,310	1.0	1.9	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,155	575	580	1.0	1.1	1.0	100,525	52,065	48,460	1.3	1.4	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	665	330	340	0.6	0.6	0.6	64,365	31,780	32,585	0.8	0.9	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	490	245	240	0.4	0.5	0.4	36,155	20,290	15,875	0.5	0.5	0.4
Health and related fields	9,455	2,485	6,970	8.5	4.7	12.0	703,890	148,295	555,600	9.3	4.0	14.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	1,040	510	525	0.9	1.0	0.9	64,360	31,305	33,055	0.8	0.8	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	7,870	1,705	6,165	7.1	3.2	10.6	619,520	107,760	511,760	8.2	2.9	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,960	375	1,580	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	515	260	260	0.5	0.5	0.4	18,030	8,855	9,175	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,385	1,085	1,305	2.1	2.0	2.2	268,815	137,235	131,575	3.5	3.7	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,315	285	1,030	1.2	0.5	1.8	136,310	37,500	98,810	1.8	1.0	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,600	1,400	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,180	1,070	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	720	485	235	0.6	0.9	0.4	89,470	60,610	28,855	1.2	1.6	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	315	285	30	0.3	0.5	0.1	40,255	36,655	3,600	0.5	1.0	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,860	435	1,420	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	111,485	53,175	58,310	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,584,650	3,700,540	3,884,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,390	9,360	9,030	16.5	17.6	15.5	2,438,475	1,305,750	1,132,720	32.2	35.3	29.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	93,095	43,815	49,275	83.5	82.4	84.5	5,146,175	2,394,790	2,751,385	67.8	64.7	70.8
Location of study inside Canada	59,365	28,245	31,120	53.2	53.1	53.4	3,921,795	1,818,550	2,103,240	51.7	49.1	54.1
Same as province or territory of residence	53,085	25,195	27,895	47.6	47.4	47.8	3,634,290	1,680,865	1,953,420	47.9	45.4	50.3
Different than province or territory of residence	6,280	3,050	3,230	5.6	5.7	5.5	287,505	137,685	149,820	3.8	3.7	3.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	33,730	15,570	18,155	30.3	29.3	31.1	1,224,380	576,235	648,140	16.1	15.6	16.7
Americas	6,775	3,240	3,540	6.1	6.1	6.1	229,280	113,350	115,930	3.0	3.1	3.0
United States of America	4,285	2,210	2,070	3.8	4.2	3.5	140,770	72,740	68,035	1.9	2.0	1.8
Mexico	345	150	195	0.3	0.3	0.3	11,625	5,075	6,545	0.2	0.1	0.2
Cuba	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,715	1,875	1,840	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,250	620	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	110	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	9,200	4,480	4,720	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazil	590	255	335	0.5	0.5	0.6	17,755	8,105	9,645	0.2	0.2	0.2
Colombia	295	100	195	0.3	0.2	0.3	12,705	5,495	7,205	0.2	0.1	0.2
Peru	240	95	145	0.2	0.2	0.2	2,750	1,050	1,700	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	420	175	250	0.4	0.3	0.4	5,530	2,340	3,190	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Americas	455	190	260	0.4	0.4	0.4	23,985	11,560	12,425	0.3	0.3	0.3
Europe	6,940	3,520	3,415	6.2	6.6	5.9	224,050	113,485	110,560	3.0	3.1	2.8
Belgium	50	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,650	885	765	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	230	130	100	0.2	0.2	0.2	11,580	6,190	5,390	0.2	0.2	0.1
Germany	185	95	90	0.2	0.2	0.2	7,115	3,880	3,240	0.1	0.1	0.1
Netherlands	85	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,345	2,410	1,935	0.1	0.1	0.0
Switzerland	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,525	1,265	1,255	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0	2,960	1,425	1,535	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,080	880	1,205	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	505	220	285	0.5	0.4	0.5	16,450	7,365	9,090	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romania	510	245	265	0.5	0.5	0.5	14,985	7,380	7,605	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian Federation	485	225	265	0.4	0.4	0.5	19,185	8,720	10,460	0.3	0.2	0.3
Ukraine	415	185	225	0.4	0.3	0.4	18,225	8,245	9,985	0.2	0.2	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	170	95	85	0.2	0.2	0.1	6,925	3,920	3,000	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	2,795	1,540	1,255	2.5	2.9	2.2	72,655	39,105	33,550	1.0	1.1	0.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	115	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,415	1,600	1,820	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	65	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0	3,895	2,230	1,660	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	190	90	105	0.2	0.2	0.2	5,750	2,910	2,840	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Europe	980	460	525	0.9	0.9	0.9	30,300	15,075	15,225	0.4	0.4	0.4
Africa	2,680	1,310	1,375	2.4	2.5	2.4	65,145	31,940	33,205	0.9	0.9	0.9
Nigeria	325	160	165	0.3	0.3	0.3	15,165	7,355	7,810	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algeria	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,550	685	860	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,180	960	1,215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	805	375	430	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	1,435	690	745	1.3	1.3	1.3	17,195	8,445	8,755	0.2	0.2	0.2
South Africa, Republic of	635	335	305	0.6	0.6	0.5	6,770	3,545	3,225	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Africa	205	105	95	0.2	0.2	0.2	21,480	10,570	10,905	0.3	0.3	0.3
Asia	16,735	7,170	9,565	15.0	13.5	16.4	686,295	308,075	378,220	9.0	8.3	9.7
Iran⁸⁸	365	145	220	0.3	0.3	0.4	35,535	16,145	19,390	0.5	0.4	0.5
Iraq	530	265	265	0.5	0.5	0.5	12,270	6,020	6,250	0.2	0.2	0.2
Israel	140	75	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,675	3,365	3,310	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanon	215	65	150	0.2	0.1	0.3	7,235	3,350	3,885	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	280	130	150	0.3	0.2	0.3	7,515	3,610	3,905	0.1	0.1	0.1
Turkey	270	140	130	0.2	0.3	0.2	7,585	4,105	3,475	0.1	0.1	0.1
China⁹⁰	5,530	2,470	3,055	5.0	4.6	5.2	92,585	41,055	51,530	1.2	1.1	1.3
Taiwan	60	25	40	0.1	0.0	0.1	3,535	1,125	2,410	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	120	30	95	0.1	0.1	0.2	8,875	3,660	5,210	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japan	140	50	90	0.1	0.1	0.2	6,310	2,145	4,160	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korea, South⁹²	895	310	580	0.8	0.6	1.0	21,145	8,075	13,070	0.3	0.2	0.3
Philippines	1,255	330	925	1.1	0.6	1.6	109,885	38,390	71,495	1.4	1.0	1.8
Viet Nam	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,120	1,845	3,280	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladesh	70	25	45	0.1	0.0	0.1	16,250	7,315	8,945	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sri Lanka	95	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	11,075	5,125	5,950	0.1	0.1	0.2
India	3,905	1,800	2,110	3.5	3.4	3.6	245,655	121,625	124,035	3.2	3.3	3.2
Pakistan	1,690	725	965	1.5	1.4	1.7	53,750	24,970	28,780	0.7	0.7	0.7
Other locations of study in Asia	1,140	515	620	1.0	1.0	1.1	35,295	16,145	19,150	0.5	0.4	0.5
Oceania	590	330	260	0.5	0.6	0.4	19,605	9,380	10,220	0.3	0.3	0.3
Australia	520	300	225	0.5	0.6	0.4	16,965	8,040	8,925	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealand	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	2,445	1,240	1,200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	200	100	95	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	173,625	83,340	90,290	...	...	...	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	...	...	...
In the labour force	113,195	58,365	54,830	...	...	...	7,399,200	3,847,325	3,551,880	...	...	...
Employed	99,950	52,465	47,485	...	...	...	6,492,895	3,416,955	3,075,940	...	...	...
Unemployed	13,245	5,900	7,345	...	...	...	906,310	430,365	475,940	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	60,435	24,975	35,460	...	...	...	4,383,620	1,886,035	2,497,580	...	...	...
Participation rate	65.2	70.0	60.7	65.2	70.0	60.7	62.8	67.1	58.7	62.8	67.1	58.7
Employment rate	57.6	63.0	52.6	57.6	63.0	52.6	55.1	59.6	50.8	55.1	59.6	50.8
Unemployment rate	11.7	10.1	13.4	11.7	10.1	13.4	12.2	11.2	13.4	12.2	11.2	13.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	173,625	83,340	90,285	100.0	100.0	100.0	11,782,820	5,733,360	6,049,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	61,575	25,635	35,935	35.5	30.8	39.8	4,469,170	1,946,590	2,522,580	37.9	34.0	41.7
Worked	112,050	57,700	54,350	64.5	69.2	60.2	7,313,650	3,786,770	3,526,880	62.1	66.0	58.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	63,085	35,465	27,625	36.3	42.6	30.6	3,982,300	2,219,290	1,763,015	33.8	38.7	29.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	48,965	22,240	26,730	28.2	26.7	29.6	3,331,350	1,567,480	1,763,870	28.3	27.3	29.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.1	42.2	39.9	41.1	42.2	39.9	41.1	41.9	40.1	41.1	41.9	40.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	113,190	58,360	54,830	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,399,205	3,847,325	3,551,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	3,660	1,685	1,975	3.2	2.9	3.6	212,505	102,580	109,925	2.9	2.7	3.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	109,530	56,680	52,850	96.8	97.1	96.4	7,186,695	3,744,745	3,441,950	97.1	97.3	96.9
Employee	88,730	43,930	44,800	78.4	75.3	81.7	6,109,070	3,071,915	3,037,155	82.6	79.8	85.5
Permanent position	73,970	37,335	36,640	65.4	64.0	66.8	5,166,275	2,627,415	2,538,865	69.8	68.3	71.5
Temporary position	14,760	6,595	8,160	13.0	11.3	14.9	942,795	444,505	498,290	12.7	11.6	14.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	4,580	1,955	2,625	4.0	3.3	4.8	324,250	147,125	177,125	4.4	3.8	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	10,180	4,650	5,535	9.0	8.0	10.1	618,540	297,380	321,160	8.4	7.7	9.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	20,800	12,745	8,055	18.4	21.8	14.7	1,077,625	672,825	404,800	14.6	17.5	11.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	113,190	58,360	54,830	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,399,205	3,847,325	3,551,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	3,660	1,685	1,975	3.2	2.9	3.6	212,505	102,580	109,925	2.9	2.7	3.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	109,530	56,680	52,850	96.8	97.1	96.4	7,186,695	3,744,745	3,441,950	97.1	97.3	96.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	3,535	2,645	895	3.1	4.5	1.6	95,240	66,160	29,080	1.3	1.7	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	27,150	10,825	16,320	24.0	18.5	29.8	1,328,155	449,705	878,445	17.9	11.7	24.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	14,760	10,840	3,925	13.0	18.6	7.2	685,390	513,025	172,365	9.3	13.3	4.9
3 Health occupations	7,450	2,035	5,415	6.6	3.5	9.9	543,565	110,185	433,380	7.3	2.9	12.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	12,590	4,185	8,400	11.1	7.2	15.3	871,260	289,220	582,035	11.8	7.5	16.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,190	1,840	2,355	3.7	3.2	4.3	232,200	105,695	126,505	3.1	2.7	3.6
6 Sales and service occupations	25,870	12,605	13,260	22.9	21.6	24.2	1,735,930	782,170	953,760	23.5	20.3	26.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,235	9,045	1,190	9.0	15.5	2.2	1,175,410	1,063,670	111,740	15.9	27.6	3.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	990	705	285	0.9	1.2	0.5	148,055	111,985	36,075	2.0	2.9	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,765	1,955	805	2.4	3.3	1.5	371,490	252,930	118,560	5.0	6.6	3.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	113,190	58,360	54,830	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,399,205	3,847,325	3,551,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	3,660	1,685	1,975	3.2	2.9	3.6	212,505	102,580	109,925	2.9	2.7	3.1
All industries¹⁹¹	109,530	56,680	52,850	96.8	97.1	96.4	7,186,695	3,744,745	3,441,950	97.1	97.3	96.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	305	130	175	0.3	0.2	0.3	104,895	66,330	38,565	1.4	1.7	1.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	465	310	160	0.4	0.5	0.3	34,360	29,285	5,080	0.5	0.8	0.1
22 Utilities	780	555	225	0.7	1.0	0.4	55,230	41,785	13,445	0.7	1.1	0.4
23 Construction	5,540	4,590	945	4.9	7.9	1.7	538,340	466,825	71,515	7.3	12.1	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	7,425	4,890	2,535	6.6	8.4	4.6	655,935	457,795	198,135	8.9	11.9	5.6
41 Wholesale trade	5,790	3,520	2,270	5.1	6.0	4.1	244,910	157,760	87,155	3.3	4.1	2.5
44-45 Retail trade	11,620	5,730	5,895	10.3	9.8	10.8	798,090	383,965	414,135	10.8	10.0	11.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,195	2,955	1,240	3.7	5.1	2.3	379,485	282,295	97,190	5.1	7.3	2.7
51 Information and cultural industries	3,195	2,005	1,190	2.8	3.4	2.2	169,120	98,930	70,190	2.3	2.6	2.0
52 Finance and insurance	11,800	6,495	5,305	10.4	11.1	9.7	399,030	185,100	213,935	5.4	4.8	6.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	3,460	1,780	1,685	3.1	3.1	3.1	152,050	80,630	71,420	2.1	2.1	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	17,005	10,140	6,865	15.0	17.4	12.5	681,235	384,400	296,835	9.2	10.0	8.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,020	445	570	0.9	0.8	1.0	26,240	12,465	13,780	0.4	0.3	0.4
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,685	1,985	1,695	3.3	3.4	3.1	324,285	183,445	140,835	4.4	4.8	4.0
61 Educational services	8,135	2,275	5,860	7.2	3.9	10.7	531,260	165,080	366,175	7.2	4.3	10.3
62 Health care and social assistance	10,655	2,475	8,175	9.4	4.2	14.9	859,910	163,580	696,335	11.6	4.3	19.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,020	990	1,035	1.8	1.7	1.9	130,490	67,705	62,785	1.8	1.8	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	4,970	2,175	2,795	4.4	3.7	5.1	390,675	171,925	218,745	5.3	4.5	6.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,430	1,340	2,095	3.0	2.3	3.8	283,115	131,210	151,905	3.8	3.4	4.3
91 Public administration	4,035	1,905	2,130	3.6	3.3	3.9	428,030	214,245	213,785	5.8	5.6	6.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	120,275	61,705	58,570	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,885,710	4,072,735	3,812,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	111,145	57,360	53,785	92.4	93.0	91.8	7,181,805	3,743,490	3,438,320	91.1	91.9	90.2
French	260	40	220	0.2	0.1	0.4	52,565	18,880	33,680	0.7	0.5	0.9
Non-official language	1,180	665	515	1.0	1.1	0.9	74,365	39,275	35,090	0.9	1.0	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	305	160	150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,180	665	515	1.0	1.1	0.9	74,060	39,120	34,940	0.9	1.0	0.9
English and French	2,320	890	1,430	1.9	1.4	2.4	285,005	121,875	163,125	3.6	3.0	4.3
English and non-official language(s)	5,135	2,645	2,495	4.3	4.3	4.3	275,330	141,295	134,035	3.5	3.5	3.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	150	210	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	215	100	115	0.2	0.2	0.2	10,820	4,890	5,925	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,475	2,885	2,585	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	120,275	61,705	58,570	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,885,710	4,072,735	3,812,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	119,040	61,120	57,925	99.0	99.1	98.9	7,783,760	4,024,730	3,759,025	98.7	98.8	98.6
Official languages	116,855	59,985	56,870	97.2	97.2	97.1	7,649,065	3,955,095	3,693,975	97.0	97.1	96.9
English	116,365	59,895	56,475	96.7	97.1	96.4	7,555,160	3,920,680	3,634,480	95.8	96.3	95.3
French	490	85	400	0.4	0.1	0.7	93,910	34,410	59,495	1.2	0.8	1.6
Non-official languages	2,185	1,135	1,050	1.8	1.8	1.8	134,690	69,640	65,050	1.7	1.7	1.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,240	610	630	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,185	590	595	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	75	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	75	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	145	75	70	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,030	515	510	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	465	250	215	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	560	265	300	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	535	250	285	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,180	1,135	1,045	1.8	1.8	1.8	133,450	69,030	64,420	1.7	1.7	1.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	55	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,830	2,800	2,035	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	210	90	120	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	190	80	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	55	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	4,615	2,700	1,915	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	100	55	40	0.1	0.1	0.1	3,735	2,195	1,540	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	410	305	110	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	320	235	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	65	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	315	130	185	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,365	1,510	1,855	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	140	60	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,225	1,450	1,775	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,530	655	875	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	40	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,330	555	780	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,660	1,255	1,410	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	160	95	65	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,440	1,150	1,295	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	10	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	70	35	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	555	270	285	0.5	0.4	0.5	50,205	27,580	22,620	0.6	0.7	0.6
Albanian	20	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	155	115	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	195	90	105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	80	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,865	3,075	3,790	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	15	60	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	0	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	130	80	55	0.1	0.1	0.1	6,790	3,065	3,730	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	60	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,765	815	950	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,295	1,335	1,965	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian	35	30	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	605	360	250	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	65	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	80	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	395	220	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	910	435	475	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	7,320	3,975	3,345	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	5,945	3,185	2,760	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,210	1,685	1,525	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,555	1,400	1,150	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	65	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,275	735	540	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	680	360	320	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	40	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	515	320	195	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	90	45	40	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	30	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	355	200	155	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	70	60	0.1	0.1	0.1	19,460	11,125	8,335	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	110	65	50	0.1	0.1	0.1	15,015	8,755	6,260	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	440	205	235	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	850	410	445	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,145	545	600	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	70	75	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0	10,235	6,485	3,755	0.1	0.2	0.1
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	75	60	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,080	975	1,105	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,435	2,360	2,075	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	125	100	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	85	50	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	4,210	2,200	2,005	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	415	220	200	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	3,415	1,735	1,675	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	380	250	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	110	130	0.2	0.2	0.2	15,735	8,955	6,780	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,005	420	585	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,645	3,510	2,140	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	300	155	140	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	155	65	90	0.1	0.1	0.2	8,765	4,860	3,910	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,075	400	675	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	135	65	70	0.1	0.1	0.1	5,460	2,620	2,835	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	170	75	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	60	35	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	845	320	525	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	795	300	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	40	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,310	715	600	1.1	1.2	1.0	61,525	30,930	30,595	0.8	0.8	0.8
Chinese languages	1,310	715	600	1.1	1.2	1.0	61,360	30,840	30,520	0.8	0.8	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	1,245	665	580	1.0	1.1	1.0	37,260	18,740	18,525	0.5	0.5	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	150	60	90	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	70	50	15	0.1	0.1	0.0	23,610	11,880	11,730	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	250	115	135	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	135	80	55	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	45	35	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	30	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	80	35	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	330	170	160	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	275	150	125	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	970	480	490	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	35	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	905	455	450	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	350	165	180	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	65	15	45	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	55	20	35	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	230	130	100	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,235	585	650	1.0	0.9	1.1	101,955	48,010	53,945	1.3	1.2	1.4
English and French	320	95	225	0.3	0.2	0.4	46,525	19,475	27,055	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	910	485	420	0.8	0.8	0.7	53,330	27,575	25,755	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	155	70	85	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	880	395	485	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1,060	490	565	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	120,275	61,705	58,570	100.0	100.0	100.0	7,885,710	4,072,735	3,812,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	113,700	58,590	55,105	94.5	95.0	94.1	7,400,850	3,844,820	3,556,035	93.9	94.4	93.3
English	1,120	450	665	0.9	0.7	1.1	89,345	39,850	49,495	1.1	1.0	1.3
French	1,805	760	1,045	1.5	1.2	1.8	199,430	87,785	111,645	2.5	2.2	2.9
Non-official language	3,050	1,580	1,470	2.5	2.6	2.5	154,150	79,615	74,535	2.0	2.0	2.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2,895	1,115	1,785	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	3,050	1,580	1,470	2.5	2.6	2.5	151,255	78,510	72,750	1.9	1.9	1.9
English and French	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0	270	100	170	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	75	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.0	7,395	3,425	3,970	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	165	70	90	0.1	0.1	0.2	7,510	3,515	3,995	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	50	45	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	340	195	150	0.3	0.3	0.3	26,705	13,575	13,125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	99,945	52,465	47,480	100.0	100.0	100.0	6,492,895	3,416,955	3,075,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	44,885	22,580	22,315	44.9	43.0	47.0	1,929,760	904,345	1,025,415	29.7	26.5	33.3
Worked outside Canada	740	520	220	0.7	1.0	0.5	29,740	19,860	9,875	0.5	0.6	0.3
No fixed workplace address	7,760	5,580	2,185	7.8	10.6	4.6	765,180	576,300	188,880	11.8	16.9	6.1
Usual place of work	46,555	23,790	22,765	46.6	45.3	47.9	3,768,210	1,916,445	1,851,765	58.0	56.1	60.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	46,555	23,790	22,765	100.0	100.0	100.0	3,768,210	1,916,445	1,851,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	21,685	9,755	11,930	46.6	41.0	52.4	2,212,620	1,041,890	1,170,730	58.7	54.4	63.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,900	2,420	2,480	10.5	10.2	10.9	653,055	340,750	312,310	17.3	17.8	16.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	19,840	11,540	8,300	42.6	48.5	36.5	885,485	523,590	361,890	23.5	27.3	19.5
Commute to a different province or territory	130	70	60	0.3	0.3	0.3	17,050	10,215	6,835	0.5	0.5	0.4
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	54,320	29,365	24,950	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,533,390	2,492,745	2,040,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	46,305	25,545	20,760	85.2	87.0	83.2	3,790,545	2,161,945	1,628,600	83.6	86.7	79.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	42,375	24,015	18,350	78.0	81.8	73.5	3,451,650	2,022,010	1,429,635	76.1	81.1	70.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	3,930	1,525	2,405	7.2	5.2	9.6	338,895	139,935	198,960	7.5	5.6	9.7
Public transit	3,850	1,880	1,980	7.1	6.4	7.9	390,140	163,395	226,745	8.6	6.6	11.1
Walked	2,020	925	1,095	3.7	3.2	4.4	208,380	94,020	114,370	4.6	3.8	5.6
Bicycle	250	175	75	0.5	0.6	0.3	37,665	26,230	11,440	0.8	1.1	0.6
Other method	1,890	845	1,045	3.5	2.9	4.2	106,655	47,160	59,495	2.4	1.9	2.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	54,320	29,365	24,950	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,533,390	2,492,745	2,040,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	14,895	7,005	7,890	27.4	23.9	31.6	1,283,185	621,485	661,700	28.3	24.9	32.4
15 to 29 minutes	17,515	8,925	8,595	32.2	30.4	34.4	1,527,580	823,940	703,640	33.7	33.1	34.5
30 to 44 minutes	11,985	7,395	4,590	22.1	25.2	18.4	934,230	555,195	379,030	20.6	22.3	18.6
45 to 59 minutes	5,055	2,995	2,060	9.3	10.2	8.3	375,215	226,980	148,230	8.3	9.1	7.3
60 minutes and over	4,860	3,045	1,815	8.9	10.4	7.3	413,180	265,140	148,040	9.1	10.6	7.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	54,320	29,365	24,950	100.0	100.0	100.0	4,533,390	2,492,745	2,040,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,430	1,885	545	4.5	6.4	2.2	351,800	257,455	94,350	7.8	10.3	4.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,920	4,390	2,540	12.7	14.9	10.2	797,475	512,385	285,090	17.6	20.6	14.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,250	7,235	6,010	24.4	24.6	24.1	1,066,580	572,020	494,565	23.5	22.9	24.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,275	7,005	7,275	26.3	23.9	29.2	938,175	426,175	511,995	20.7	17.1	25.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10,130	4,970	5,160	18.6	16.9	20.7	632,825	298,665	334,160	14.0	12.0	16.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,315	3,885	3,420	13.5	13.2	13.7	746,530	426,045	320,485	16.5	17.1	15.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	49,935	25,400	24,535	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,781,415	1,429,175	1,352,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,710	2,370	2,340	9.4	9.3	9.5	349,875	176,750	173,120	12.6	12.4	12.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45,225	23,025	22,195	90.6	90.6	90.5	2,431,540	1,252,420	1,179,120	87.4	87.6	87.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	39,840	20,290	19,550	100.0	100.0	100.0	2,047,210	1,053,155	994,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,965	1,980	1,990	10.0	9.8	10.2	268,250	135,205	133,045	13.1	12.8	13.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	2,305	1,140	1,165	5.8	5.6	6.0	179,995	88,815	91,175	8.8	8.4	9.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,665	840	825	4.2	4.1	4.2	88,260	46,390	41,870	4.3	4.4	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35,875	18,320	17,560	90.0	90.3	89.8	1,778,960	917,950	861,010	86.9	87.2	86.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 10, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table