Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Port Colborne, City (CY)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	20,033	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,306	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.4	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,219	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,710	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	164.2	...	...	164.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	121.99	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	20,030	9,720	10,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,635	1,355	1,280	13.2	13.9	12.4
0 to 4 years	870	445	425	4.3	4.6	4.1
5 to 9 years	825	440	385	4.1	4.5	3.7
10 to 14 years	940	470	465	4.7	4.8	4.5
15 to 64 years	12,020	5,985	6,040	60.0	61.6	58.6
15 to 19 years	980	495	485	4.9	5.1	4.7
20 to 24 years	920	485	435	4.6	5.0	4.2
25 to 29 years	1,085	550	540	5.4	5.7	5.2
30 to 34 years	1,090	540	550	5.4	5.6	5.3
35 to 39 years	1,000	500	505	5.0	5.1	4.9
40 to 44 years	1,065	520	540	5.3	5.3	5.2
45 to 49 years	1,105	565	545	5.5	5.8	5.3
50 to 54 years	1,305	645	665	6.5	6.6	6.4
55 to 59 years	1,690	835	855	8.4	8.6	8.3
60 to 64 years	1,780	865	915	8.9	8.9	8.9
65 years and over	5,380	2,380	2,995	26.9	24.5	29.0
65 to 69 years	1,540	730	815	7.7	7.5	7.9
70 to 74 years	1,340	670	670	6.7	6.9	6.5
75 to 79 years	890	435	455	4.4	4.5	4.4
80 to 84 years	710	255	455	3.5	2.6	4.4
85 years and over	900	300	600	4.5	3.1	5.8
85 to 89 years	470	190	280	2.3	2.0	2.7
90 to 94 years	370	90	275	1.8	0.9	2.7
95 to 99 years	50	15	40	0.2	0.2	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.2	13.9	12.4	13.2	13.9	12.4
15 to 64 years	60.0	61.6	58.6	60.0	61.6	58.6
65 years and over	26.9	24.5	29.0	26.9	24.5	29.0
85 years and over	4.5	3.1	5.8	4.5	3.1	5.8
Average age of the population	47.2	45.7	48.6	47.2	45.7	48.6
Median age of the population	50.4	48.8	52.0	50.4	48.8	52.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,145	...	...	70.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	150	...	...	1.7	...	...
Row house	175	...	...	2.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	510	...	...	5.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,090	...	...	12.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	190	...	...	2.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	90	...	...	1.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	360	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,755	...	...	31.6	...	...
2 persons	3,305	...	...	37.9	...	...
3 persons	1,285	...	...	14.8	...	...
4 persons	890	...	...	10.2	...	...
5 or more persons	475	...	...	5.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,405	9,525	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	17,400	8,365	9,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,780	4,875	4,905	56.2	58.3	54.3
Married	7,825	3,900	3,930	45.0	46.6	43.5
Living common-law	1,955	975	980	11.2	11.7	10.9
Living common law - Never married	1,200	590	610	6.9	7.1	6.8
Living common law - Separated	180	105	75	1.0	1.3	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	495	245	250	2.8	2.9	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	75	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	7,620	3,495	4,125	43.8	41.8	45.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,190	2,335	1,850	24.1	27.9	20.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	645	310	335	3.7	3.7	3.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,250	535	720	7.2	6.4	8.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,535	315	1,220	8.8	3.8	13.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,450	...	...	59.0	...	...
3 persons	1,235	...	...	21.1	...	...
4 persons	830	...	...	14.2	...	...
5 or more persons	335	...	...	5.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,785	...	...	81.8	...	...
Married couples	3,810	...	...	65.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,605	...	...	27.4	...	...
Without children	2,205	...	...	37.7	...	...
Common-law couples	975	...	...	16.7	...	...
With children⁶	415	...	...	7.1	...	...
Without children	565	...	...	9.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,060	...	...	18.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	815	...	...	13.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	245	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	19,405	9,525	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,735	7,795	7,945	81.1	81.8	80.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,570	4,780	4,795	49.3	50.2	48.5
Parents in one-parent families	1,065	245	815	5.5	2.6	8.2
Children⁶	5,100	2,770	2,335	26.3	29.1	23.6
In a two-parent family	3,505	1,905	1,605	18.1	20.0	16.2
In a one-parent family	1,600	870	730	8.2	9.1	7.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,670	1,730	1,940	18.9	18.2	19.6
Living alone	2,755	1,275	1,475	14.2	13.4	14.9
Living with other relatives⁷	395	170	220	2.0	1.8	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	520	280	240	2.7	2.9	2.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,245	...	...	60.2	...	...
Couple-family households	4,415	...	...	50.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,855	...	...	21.3	...	...
Without children	2,560	...	...	29.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	835	...	...	9.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	210	...	...	2.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	220	...	...	2.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	250	...	...	2.9	...	...
One-person households	2,755	...	...	31.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	16,780	8,170	8,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,260	7,920	8,340	96.9	96.9	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	44,000	33,200	38,000	44,000	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,265	7,920	8,340	96.9	96.9	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,600	30,800	34,800	39,600	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,110	7,060	7,045	84.1	86.4	81.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,000	37,200	22,600	29,000	37,200	22,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,765	5,730	5,040	64.2	70.1	58.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	38,400	26,800	32,000	38,400	26,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,020	7,265	7,755	89.5	88.9	90.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,300	10,800	13,100	12,300	10,800	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,785	895	895	10.6	11.0	10.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,440	5,160	5,480	5,440	5,160	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,180	1,960	2,220	24.9	24.0	25.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	16,775	8,175	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,225	7,935	8,300	96.7	97.1	96.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,560	52,550	38,920	45,560	52,550	38,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,230	7,935	8,305	96.8	97.1	96.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,440	44,720	34,440	39,440	44,720	34,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,950	7,040	6,915	83.2	86.1	80.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,520	47,120	31,800	39,520	47,120	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,770	5,840	4,925	64.2	71.4	57.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,880	44,760	34,120	39,880	44,760	34,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,995	7,320	7,670	89.4	89.5	89.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,540	11,600	13,440	12,540	11,600	13,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,850	965	885	11.0	11.8	10.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,580	6,400	6,500	6,580	6,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,185	2,025	2,160	24.9	24.8	25.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,900	8,420	9,360	8,900	8,420	9,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	16,775	8,175	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,580	2,645	1,935	27.3	32.4	22.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,000	63,600	52,800	58,000	63,600	52,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,200	70,300	58,250	65,200	70,300	58,250
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,320	2,010	2,310	25.8	24.6	26.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,200	23,400	15,100	18,200	23,400	15,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,640	31,040	20,960	25,640	31,040	20,960
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.6	79.6	68.0	74.6	79.6	68.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.1	62.8	52.0	58.1	62.8	52.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.4	20.4	32.0	25.4	20.4	32.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.5	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	4.7	7.5	5.9	4.7	7.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.0	4.1	6.3	5.0	4.1	6.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	16,775	8,175	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	515	255	265	3.1	3.1	3.1
With total income	16,260	7,920	8,340	96.9	96.9	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,135	435	700	7.0	5.5	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	2,215	835	1,385	13.6	10.5	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,865	1,185	1,680	17.6	15.0	20.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,405	1,085	1,315	14.8	13.7	15.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,070	1,050	1,015	12.7	13.3	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,615	840	775	9.9	10.6	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,210	695	510	7.4	8.8	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	770	505	265	4.7	6.4	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	550	360	190	3.4	4.5	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	400	240	165	2.5	3.0	2.0
$100,000 and over	1,035	685	350	6.4	8.6	4.2
$100,000 to $149,999	765	490	270	4.7	6.2	3.2
$150,000 and over	270	195	80	1.7	2.5	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	16,775	8,175	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	515	255	260	3.1	3.1	3.0
With after-tax income	16,265	7,925	8,345	97.0	96.9	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,195	445	745	7.3	5.6	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,315	870	1,445	14.2	11.0	17.3
$20,000 to $29,999	3,225	1,350	1,875	19.8	17.0	22.5
$30,000 to $39,999	2,825	1,325	1,500	17.4	16.7	18.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,360	1,265	1,095	14.5	16.0	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,600	885	715	9.8	11.2	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,020	675	345	6.3	8.5	4.1
$70,000 to $79,999	625	390	230	3.8	4.9	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	415	225	190	2.6	2.8	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	230	160	75	1.4	2.0	0.9
$100,000 and over	455	315	135	2.8	4.0	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	255	185	70	1.6	2.3	0.8
$125,000 and over	195	135	65	1.2	1.7	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	16,775	8,175	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,010	2,445	3,565	35.8	29.9	41.4
With employment income	10,770	5,730	5,040	64.2	70.1	58.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,965	1,075	885	18.2	18.8	17.6
$5,000 to $9,999	920	390	530	8.5	6.8	10.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,295	565	730	12.0	9.9	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,000	450	550	9.3	7.9	10.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,005	460	545	9.3	8.0	10.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,010	495	520	9.4	8.6	10.3
$50,000 to $59,999	945	530	415	8.8	9.2	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	710	445	265	6.6	7.8	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	480	330	145	4.5	5.8	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	370	265	100	3.4	4.6	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	330	195	135	3.1	3.4	2.7
$100,000 and over	750	520	230	7.0	9.1	4.6
$100,000 to $124,999	390	265	130	3.6	4.6	2.6
$125,000 and over	355	255	100	3.3	4.5	2.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	16,780	8,170	8,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,110	7,845	8,265	96.0	96.0	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	43,200	30,400	36,000	43,200	30,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,115	7,845	8,270	96.0	96.0	96.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,800	28,600	33,200	38,800	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,110	7,040	7,075	84.1	86.2	82.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	40,000	25,200	32,000	40,000	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,905	5,780	5,130	65.0	70.7	59.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	41,200	29,000	34,400	41,200	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,400	6,955	7,440	85.8	85.1	86.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,850	4,840	9,100	7,850	4,840	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,380	665	705	8.2	8.1	8.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,960	5,160	4,760	4,960	5,160	4,760
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	16,775	8,175	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,095	7,845	8,250	95.9	96.0	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,440	51,120	36,120	43,440	51,120	36,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,095	7,845	8,250	95.9	96.0	95.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,320	43,000	31,920	37,320	43,000	31,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,020	7,020	7,000	83.6	85.9	81.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,200	48,480	31,840	40,200	48,480	31,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,950	5,885	5,060	65.3	72.0	58.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,040	46,760	34,360	41,040	46,760	34,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,470	7,070	7,400	86.3	86.5	86.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,380	8,580	10,140	9,380	8,580	10,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,415	755	665	8.4	9.2	7.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,720	6,140	7,380	6,720	6,140	7,380
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	16,775	8,175	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,550	2,625	1,925	27.1	32.1	22.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,400	60,800	47,600	54,400	60,800	47,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,800	67,300	54,300	61,800	67,300	54,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,200	1,955	2,240	25.0	23.9	26.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	29,200	20,400	24,000	29,200	20,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,680	38,640	25,600	31,680	38,640	25,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.6	84.8	74.8	80.6	84.8	74.8
Employment income (%)	64.2	68.6	58.4	64.2	68.6	58.4
Government transfers (%)	19.4	15.1	25.2	19.4	15.1	25.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,755	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	37,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,955	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,710	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,900	...	...	84,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,755	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,040	...	...	43,040	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,760	...	...	37,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,955	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,300	...	...	104,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	275	...	...	3.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	395	...	...	4.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	400	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	340	...	...	3.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	420	...	...	4.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	420	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	395	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	795	...	...	9.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	765	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	565	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	565	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	505	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,710	...	...	31.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,005	...	...	11.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	620	...	...	7.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	645	...	...	7.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	440	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	275	...	...	3.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	430	...	...	4.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	445	...	...	5.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	395	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	505	...	...	5.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	430	...	...	4.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	485	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	935	...	...	10.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	755	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	715	...	...	8.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	590	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	540	...	...	6.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,020	...	...	23.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	910	...	...	10.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	525	...	...	6.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	585	...	...	6.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,790	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,605	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,045	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	995	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,275	1,560	1,715	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	39,200	33,600	36,000	39,200	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	35,600	31,400	33,200	35,600	31,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,775	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,300	...	...	104,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,900	...	...	89,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,600	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,900	...	...	91,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,900	...	...	78,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,075	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,500	...	...	115,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	970	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	65,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,305	1,630	1,680	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,440	44,480	38,560	41,440	44,480	38,560
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,440	38,440	34,560	36,440	38,440	34,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	19,410	9,530	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,210	1,660	1,550	16.5	17.4	15.7
0 to 5 years	1,045	535	505	5.4	5.6	5.1
18 to 64 years	11,315	5,595	5,720	58.3	58.7	57.9
65 years and over	4,880	2,270	2,605	25.1	23.8	26.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,345	1,060	1,285	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	450	215	235	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	160	70	90	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,255	600	655	...	...	...
65 years and over	645	240	400	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.1	11.1	13.0	12.1	11.1	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	13.0	15.1	14.0	13.0	15.1
0 to 5 years (%)	15.0	12.8	17.6	15.0	12.8	17.6
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	10.7	11.4	11.1	10.7	11.4
65 years and over (%)	13.2	10.6	15.4	13.2	10.6	15.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	19,405	9,525	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,210	1,655	1,555	16.5	17.4	15.7
0 to 5 years	1,040	535	510	5.4	5.6	5.2
18 to 64 years	11,320	5,595	5,720	58.3	58.7	57.9
65 years and over	4,880	2,275	2,610	25.1	23.9	26.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	540	250	285	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	65	25	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	395	200	190	...	...	...
65 years and over	75	25	50	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.6	2.9	2.8	2.6	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.1	1.4	2.8	2.1	1.4	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	1.2	3.2	2.4	1.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.6	3.3	3.5	3.6	3.3
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.1	2.0	1.6	1.1	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	19,405	9,530	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	11,010	5,220	5,790	56.7	54.8	58.6
In bottom decile	1,955	880	1,075	10.1	9.2	10.9
In second decile	2,355	1,075	1,280	12.1	11.3	13.0
In third decile	2,420	1,165	1,260	12.5	12.2	12.8
In fourth decile	2,235	1,090	1,145	11.5	11.4	11.6
In fifth decile	2,045	1,015	1,030	10.5	10.7	10.4
In top half of the distribution	8,400	4,305	4,095	43.3	45.2	41.4
In sixth decile	2,145	1,110	1,035	11.1	11.6	10.5
In seventh decile	1,825	940	890	9.4	9.9	9.0
In eighth decile	1,815	935	880	9.4	9.8	8.9
In ninth decile	1,560	800	760	8.0	8.4	7.7
In top decile	1,055	520	535	5.4	5.5	5.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	19,405	...	...	19,405	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.303	...	...	0.303	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.452	...	...	0.452	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.268	...	...	0.268	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	19,695	9,660	10,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	18,035	8,925	9,110	91.6	92.4	90.8
French only	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	1,570	705	870	8.0	7.3	8.7
Neither English nor French	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	19,695	9,660	10,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,970	9,335	9,630	96.3	96.6	96.0
French	625	280	345	3.2	2.9	3.4
English and French	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Neither English nor French	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	19,695	9,660	10,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,370	9,505	9,865	98.3	98.4	98.3
Official languages	18,020	8,885	9,135	91.5	92.0	91.0
English	17,345	8,580	8,765	88.1	88.8	87.3
French	680	310	370	3.5	3.2	3.7
Non-official languages	1,350	620	730	6.9	6.4	7.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,345	615	730	6.8	6.4	7.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,130	520	605	5.7	5.4	6.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	75	100	0.9	0.8	1.0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	175	75	95	0.9	0.8	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Russian	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Serbian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	290	135	155	1.5	1.4	1.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	55	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
German	120	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	165	75	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	150	70	80	0.8	0.7	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindi	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	610	285	325	3.1	3.0	3.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	410	190	215	2.1	2.0	2.1
Portuguese	105	50	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	85	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese languages	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Estonian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Finnish	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	325	155	170	1.7	1.6	1.7
English and French	150	75	75	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	155	70	90	0.8	0.7	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	19,695	9,660	10,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	18,360	9,060	9,295	93.2	93.8	92.6
French	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	260	110	145	1.3	1.1	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	260	110	145	1.3	1.1	1.4
English and French	305	130	175	1.5	1.3	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	675	310	360	3.4	3.2	3.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	19,695	9,660	10,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,545	9,595	9,950	99.2	99.3	99.2
Official languages	19,145	9,420	9,725	97.2	97.5	96.9
English	19,035	9,380	9,660	96.6	97.1	96.3
French	110	40	65	0.6	0.4	0.6
Non-official languages	400	175	225	2.0	1.8	2.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	400	175	225	2.0	1.8	2.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	315	145	175	1.6	1.5	1.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	230	105	125	1.2	1.1	1.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	145	60	85	0.7	0.6	0.8
Portuguese	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	30	5	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	150	65	85	0.8	0.7	0.8
English and French	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	100	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	19,695	9,660	10,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,825	9,265	9,565	95.6	95.9	95.3
English	160	65	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
French	235	110	125	1.2	1.1	1.2
Non-official language	430	195	230	2.2	2.0	2.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	425	195	230	2.2	2.0	2.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	19,405	9,525	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	19,350	9,515	9,835	99.7	99.9	99.5
English	19,350	9,515	9,835	99.7	99.9	99.5
French	1,675	745	930	8.6	7.8	9.4
Non-official languages	1,615	715	900	8.3	7.5	9.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,615	715	900	8.3	7.5	9.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	90	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	60	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,340	600	740	6.9	6.3	7.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	215	110	105	1.1	1.2	1.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	215	110	105	1.1	1.2	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Polish	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.5
Russian	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	60	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Serbian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	360	160	205	1.9	1.7	2.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	210	100	110	1.1	1.0	1.1
German	205	95	110	1.1	1.0	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	160	55	100	0.8	0.6	1.0
Afrikaans	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	150	55	90	0.8	0.6	0.9
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	740	315	425	3.8	3.3	4.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	535	240	300	2.8	2.5	3.0
Portuguese	120	55	70	0.6	0.6	0.7
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	105	30	75	0.5	0.3	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Chinese languages	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	80	50	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	75	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,410	9,525	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,050	515	535	5.4	5.4	5.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,040	510	530	5.4	5.4	5.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	415	180	240	2.1	1.9	2.4
Métis	610	325	290	3.1	3.4	2.9
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	18,350	9,010	9,345	94.5	94.6	94.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,410	9,525	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	265	140	125	1.4	1.5	1.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,140	9,390	9,755	98.6	98.6	98.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,335	...	...	72.7	...	...
Renter	2,380	...	...	27.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	130	...	...	1.5	...	...
Not condominium	8,585	...	...	98.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	910	...	...	10.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,425	...	...	27.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,810	...	...	43.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,550	...	...	17.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,875	...	...	21.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,460	...	...	16.8	...	...
6 rooms	1,475	...	...	16.9	...	...
7 rooms	1,370	...	...	15.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,525	...	...	29.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,640	...	...	99.2	...	...
More than one person per room	70	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,410	...	...	96.6	...	...
Not suitable	305	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,785	...	...	54.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,225	...	...	25.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	610	...	...	7.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	405	...	...	4.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	220	...	...	2.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	180	...	...	2.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	70	...	...	0.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	210	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,105	...	...	93.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	605	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,675	...	...	53.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,805	...	...	43.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	230	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	1.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	900	...	...	10.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,085	...	...	12.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,345	...	...	15.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,970	...	...	22.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,785	...	...	20.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	975	...	...	11.2	...	...
85 years and over	510	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,885	...	...	79.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,765	...	...	20.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,640	...	...	19.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,710	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,420	...	...	27.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,560	...	...	17.9	...	...
Not suitable only	250	...	...	2.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	370	...	...	4.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	190	...	...	2.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,290	...	...	72.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,035	...	...	12.1	...	...
Not in core need	7,500	...	...	87.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,295	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.9	...	...	55.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.1	...	...	14.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,060	...	...	1,060	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,216	...	...	1,216	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	502,400	...	...	502,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,370	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.3	...	...	13.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.3	...	...	37.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	28.8	...	...	28.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	982	...	...	982	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	19,405	9,530	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	325	135	190	1.7	1.4	1.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	325	135	190	1.7	1.4	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	155	70	85	0.8	0.7	0.9
Métis single ancestry	170	70	105	0.9	0.7	1.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	925	490	435	4.8	5.1	4.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	890	470	425	4.6	4.9	4.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	590	295	290	3.0	3.1	2.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	290	170	120	1.5	1.8	1.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	18,160	8,905	9,255	93.6	93.4	93.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	19,405	9,530	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	19,020	9,345	9,675	98.0	98.1	97.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,200	1,620	1,580	16.5	17.0	16.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,825	7,725	8,095	81.6	81.1	81.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	385	180	205	2.0	1.9	2.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	19,405	9,530	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,660	8,690	8,980	91.0	91.2	90.9
Immigrants⁸¹	1,715	830	885	8.8	8.7	9.0
Before 1980	1,060	535	525	5.5	5.6	5.3
1980 to 1990	260	120	140	1.3	1.3	1.4
1991 to 2000	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
2001 to 2010	150	45	100	0.8	0.5	1.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	145	75	65	0.7	0.8	0.7
2011 to 2015	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
2016 to 2021	90	60	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,715	830	880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	235	145	90	13.7	17.5	10.2
5 to 14 years	410	215	200	23.9	25.9	22.7
15 to 24 years	470	220	250	27.4	26.5	28.4
25 to 44 years	505	215	295	29.4	25.9	33.5
45 years and over	95	45	55	5.5	5.4	6.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,715	830	880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	340	135	205	19.8	16.3	23.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	15	15	1.5	1.8	1.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
United States of America	240	100	140	14.0	12.0	15.9
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	20	1.5	0.0	2.3
Europe	1,185	615	575	69.1	74.1	65.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	30	25	10	1.7	3.0	1.1
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	85	45	45	5.0	5.4	5.1
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	35	10	20	2.0	1.2	2.3
Italy	340	185	155	19.8	22.3	17.6
Netherlands	105	50	55	6.1	6.0	6.3
Poland	50	30	25	2.9	3.6	2.8
Portugal	70	30	40	4.1	3.6	4.5
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	325	180	145	19.0	21.7	16.5
Other places of birth in Europe	105	45	60	6.1	5.4	6.8
Africa	20	10	15	1.2	1.2	1.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	145	65	75	8.5	7.8	8.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	40	0	30	2.3	0.0	3.4
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	0	1.2	1.8	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	20	15	2.0	2.4	1.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25	10	15	1.5	1.2	1.7
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	90	60	30	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	15	0	22.2	25.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	15	0	22.2	25.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	20	15	33.3	33.3	50.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	0	22.2	16.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	11.1	0.0	33.3
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	25	0	33.3	41.7	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	19,410	9,525	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,900	920	985	9.8	9.7	10.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,260	1,655	1,605	16.8	17.4	16.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,240	6,945	7,295	73.4	72.9	73.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	660	300	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	255	125	135	38.6	41.7	37.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	125	75	55	18.9	25.0	15.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	125	50	75	18.9	16.7	20.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	305	115	190	46.2	38.3	52.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	75	50	30	11.4	16.7	8.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	0	15	3.8	0.0	4.2
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	660	300	360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	45	20	20	6.8	6.7	5.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	80	35	50	12.1	11.7	13.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	10	2.3	0.0	2.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	1.5	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	15	2.3	0.0	4.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	500	235	265	75.8	78.3	73.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	19,410	9,525	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	535	270	260	2.8	2.8	2.6
South Asian	105	65	35	0.5	0.7	0.4
Chinese	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Black	195	110	85	1.0	1.2	0.9
Filipino	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Arab	45	35	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Latin American	55	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Southeast Asian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,875	9,255	9,620	97.2	97.2	97.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	19,405	9,525	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,030	1,490	1,540	15.6	15.6	15.6
English	5,610	2,680	2,930	28.9	28.1	29.7
Irish	3,665	1,755	1,915	18.9	18.4	19.4
Scottish	3,885	1,820	2,070	20.0	19.1	21.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,035	1,490	1,545	15.6	15.6	15.6
German	3,420	1,620	1,805	17.6	17.0	18.3
Chinese	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
Italian	2,325	1,120	1,205	12.0	11.8	12.2
Indian (India)	105	65	45	0.5	0.7	0.5
Ukrainian	735	330	410	3.8	3.5	4.1
Dutch	1,360	760	600	7.0	8.0	6.1
Polish	765	370	395	3.9	3.9	4.0
Québécois	125	80	45	0.6	0.8	0.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	750	320	430	3.9	3.4	4.4
Filipino	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
French Canadian	395	210	185	2.0	2.2	1.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	270	140	130	1.4	1.5	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	325	185	145	1.7	1.9	1.5
Métis	495	255	235	2.6	2.7	2.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	290	145	145	1.5	1.5	1.5
Russian	190	75	110	1.0	0.8	1.1
Norwegian	100	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Welsh	445	210	240	2.3	2.2	2.4
Portuguese	265	145	120	1.4	1.5	1.2
American	310	155	160	1.6	1.6	1.6
Spanish	85	45	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Swedish	105	45	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
Hungarian	1,235	640	600	6.4	6.7	6.1
Acadian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jewish	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jamaican	100	60	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	190	90	100	1.0	0.9	1.0
Lebanese	85	65	20	0.4	0.7	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Danish	105	45	65	0.5	0.5	0.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	160	80	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	45	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.4
Belgian	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swiss	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Finnish	115	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	155	95	60	0.8	1.0	0.6
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	55	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Syrian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.4
Ojibway	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Newfoundlander	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	150	80	70	0.8	0.8	0.7
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	85	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.6
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	50	30	10	0.3	0.3	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	125	45	75	0.6	0.5	0.8
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
South African	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Australian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	175	80	95	0.9	0.8	1.0
Macedonian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Albertan	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	50	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.4
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	105	45	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	19,410	9,525	9,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Christian	12,155	5,720	6,440	62.6	60.1	65.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,365	660	700	7.0	6.9	7.1
Anabaptist	190	95	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
Anglican	1,095	470	625	5.6	4.9	6.3
Baptist	310	145	170	1.6	1.5	1.7
Catholic	6,230	3,010	3,220	32.1	31.6	32.6
Christian Orthodox	105	40	65	0.5	0.4	0.7
Jehovah's Witness	110	60	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Latter Day Saints	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Lutheran	480	225	255	2.5	2.4	2.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	140	50	90	0.7	0.5	0.9
Presbyterian	460	215	245	2.4	2.3	2.5
Reformed	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
United Church	810	370	440	4.2	3.9	4.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	725	320	405	3.7	3.4	4.1
Hindu	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Jewish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
No religion and secular perspectives	7,100	3,735	3,360	36.6	39.2	34.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	19,250	9,450	9,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,490	8,555	8,935	90.9	90.5	91.2
Movers	1,765	900	870	9.2	9.5	8.9
Non-migrants	715	375	335	3.7	4.0	3.4
Migrants	1,050	520	530	5.5	5.5	5.4
Internal migrants	1,000	495	505	5.2	5.2	5.2
Intraprovincial migrants	970	475	495	5.0	5.0	5.1
Interprovincial migrants	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
External migrants	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	18,505	9,075	9,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,990	5,825	6,170	64.8	64.2	65.4
Movers	6,515	3,250	3,265	35.2	35.8	34.6
Non-migrants	2,005	1,020	985	10.8	11.2	10.4
Migrants	4,505	2,235	2,280	24.3	24.6	24.2
Internal migrants	4,375	2,160	2,215	23.6	23.8	23.5
Intraprovincial migrants	4,175	2,055	2,120	22.6	22.6	22.5
Interprovincial migrants	205	105	100	1.1	1.2	1.1
External migrants	130	75	60	0.7	0.8	0.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,775	8,175	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,570	1,875	1,705	21.3	22.9	19.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,200	6,305	6,900	78.7	77.1	80.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,010	5,035	4,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,130	695	435	11.3	13.8	8.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,880	4,335	4,540	88.7	86.1	91.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,775	8,175	8,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,180	1,595	1,585	19.0	19.5	18.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,865	2,935	2,930	35.0	35.9	34.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,730	3,640	4,090	46.1	44.5	47.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,750	2,795	2,955	34.3	34.2	34.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,420	1,080	340	8.5	13.2	4.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	620	435	190	3.7	5.3	2.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	800	650	150	4.8	8.0	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,105	1,640	2,470	24.5	20.1	28.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	220	75	145	1.3	0.9	1.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,985	845	1,135	11.8	10.3	13.2
Bachelor's degree	1,490	645	845	8.9	7.9	9.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	30	60	0.6	0.4	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Master's degree	330	125	200	2.0	1.5	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,005	5,035	4,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	975	595	380	9.7	11.8	7.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,545	1,865	1,680	35.4	37.0	33.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,490	2,575	2,920	54.9	51.1	58.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,095	2,000	2,090	40.9	39.7	42.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	885	675	215	8.8	13.4	4.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	365	265	105	3.6	5.3	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	515	415	105	5.1	8.2	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,065	1,275	1,785	30.6	25.3	35.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150	55	90	1.5	1.1	1.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,395	570	825	13.9	11.3	16.6
Bachelor's degree	1,085	470	615	10.8	9.3	12.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	235	75	160	2.3	1.5	3.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,780	8,170	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,045	4,530	4,515	53.9	55.4	52.5
Education	520	110	410	3.1	1.3	4.8
13. Education	520	110	410	3.1	1.3	4.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	285	110	170	1.7	1.3	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	255	90	165	1.5	1.1	1.9
Humanities	375	140	240	2.2	1.7	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	75	20	55	0.4	0.2	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	45	75	0.7	0.6	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
54. History	60	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	795	260	540	4.7	3.2	6.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	20	40	0.4	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	270	20	245	1.6	0.2	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	70	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	150	55	100	0.9	0.7	1.2
45. Social sciences	205	115	90	1.2	1.4	1.0
Business, management and public administration	1,255	435	815	7.5	5.3	9.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	45	170	1.3	0.6	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,035	395	645	6.2	4.8	7.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	95	70	1.0	1.2	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	60	55	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	50	60	0.7	0.6	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
25. Library science	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,775	1,685	85	10.6	20.6	1.0
04. Architecture and related services	35	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
14. Engineering	85	75	10	0.5	0.9	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	395	350	40	2.4	4.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	345	345	0	2.1	4.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	510	500	15	3.0	6.1	0.2
48. Precision production	405	385	15	2.4	4.7	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165	75	85	1.0	0.9	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130	65	60	0.8	0.8	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Health and related fields	1,415	190	1,225	8.4	2.3	14.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	30	65	0.5	0.4	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,305	150	1,155	7.8	1.8	13.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	875	490	380	5.2	6.0	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	365	80	285	2.2	1.0	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	320	235	90	1.9	2.9	1.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	190	175	10	1.1	2.1	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,010	5,035	4,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,520	2,460	2,055	45.2	48.9	41.3
Education	320	65	255	3.2	1.3	5.1
13. Education	320	65	255	3.2	1.3	5.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	225	90	135	2.2	1.8	2.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	210	80	135	2.1	1.6	2.7
Humanities	250	100	155	2.5	2.0	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	40	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	40	70	1.1	0.8	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
54. History	45	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	615	195	420	6.1	3.9	8.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	20	185	2.0	0.4	3.7
22. Legal professions and studies	60	25	35	0.6	0.5	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	115	35	85	1.1	0.7	1.7
45. Social sciences	160	100	70	1.6	2.0	1.4
Business, management and public administration	950	310	640	9.5	6.2	12.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	180	30	145	1.8	0.6	2.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	775	280	495	7.7	5.6	10.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	60	40	1.0	1.2	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	35	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	35	40	0.7	0.7	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,215	1,165	55	12.1	23.1	1.1
04. Architecture and related services	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
14. Engineering	40	35	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	290	270	25	2.9	5.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	250	250	0	2.5	5.0	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	345	335	0	3.4	6.7	0.0
48. Precision production	275	260	15	2.7	5.2	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	45	65	1.1	0.9	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	90	45	50	0.9	0.9	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Health and related fields	960	120	840	9.6	2.4	16.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	15	50	0.6	0.3	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	885	105	785	8.8	2.1	15.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	660	395	275	6.6	7.8	5.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	245	55	190	2.4	1.1	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	275	210	70	2.7	4.2	1.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	135	0	1.4	2.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,010	5,035	4,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,520	2,460	2,055	45.2	48.9	41.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,490	2,575	2,915	54.8	51.1	58.7
Location of study inside Canada	5,150	2,445	2,710	51.4	48.6	54.5
Same as province or territory of residence	5,035	2,380	2,650	50.3	47.3	53.3
Different than province or territory of residence	115	55	55	1.1	1.1	1.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	340	130	210	3.4	2.6	4.2
Americas	225	75	145	2.2	1.5	2.9
United States of America	200	65	135	2.0	1.3	2.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	75	40	35	0.7	0.8	0.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	35	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	16,775	8,175	8,600	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,100	4,760	4,345	...	...	...
Employed	7,945	4,250	3,695	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,160	510	650	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,675	3,410	4,265	...	...	...
Participation rate	54.2	58.2	50.5	54.2	58.2	50.5
Employment rate	47.4	52.0	43.0	47.4	52.0	43.0
Unemployment rate	12.7	10.7	15.0	12.7	10.7	15.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	16,780	8,170	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,530	3,330	4,205	44.9	40.8	48.9
Worked	9,245	4,845	4,400	55.1	59.3	51.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,670	2,715	1,960	27.8	33.2	22.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,570	2,135	2,445	27.2	26.1	28.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	41.7	39.9	40.8	41.7	39.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,105	4,760	4,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	195	60	135	2.1	1.3	3.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,905	4,695	4,205	97.8	98.6	96.9
Employee	7,745	4,020	3,730	85.1	84.5	85.9
Permanent position	6,720	3,490	3,235	73.8	73.3	74.5
Temporary position	1,025	530	490	11.3	11.1	11.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	325	160	170	3.6	3.4	3.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	695	375	320	7.6	7.9	7.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,155	680	475	12.7	14.3	10.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,105	4,760	4,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	195	60	135	2.1	1.3	3.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,905	4,695	4,205	97.8	98.6	96.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	70	45	25	0.8	0.9	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,250	280	970	13.7	5.9	22.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	305	215	90	3.3	4.5	2.1
3 Health occupations	780	115	670	8.6	2.4	15.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	990	360	625	10.9	7.6	14.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	165	60	105	1.8	1.3	2.4
6 Sales and service occupations	2,265	840	1,425	24.9	17.6	32.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,135	2,015	115	23.4	42.3	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	225	185	40	2.5	3.9	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	715	585	135	7.9	12.3	3.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,105	4,760	4,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	195	60	135	2.1	1.3	3.1
All industries¹⁹¹	8,905	4,695	4,205	97.8	98.6	96.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	140	100	45	1.5	2.1	1.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	55	10	0.7	1.2	0.2
22 Utilities	45	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
23 Construction	970	840	135	10.7	17.6	3.1
31-33 Manufacturing	1,235	1,005	235	13.6	21.1	5.4
41 Wholesale trade	265	210	60	2.9	4.4	1.4
44-45 Retail trade	1,085	465	620	11.9	9.8	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	450	335	115	4.9	7.0	2.6
51 Information and cultural industries	85	35	50	0.9	0.7	1.2
52 Finance and insurance	215	65	150	2.4	1.4	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	50	45	0.9	1.1	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	345	120	225	3.8	2.5	5.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	380	195	180	4.2	4.1	4.1
61 Educational services	580	195	385	6.4	4.1	8.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,360	185	1,175	14.9	3.9	27.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	165	75	85	1.8	1.6	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	590	245	340	6.5	5.1	7.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	415	240	175	4.6	5.0	4.0
91 Public administration	425	250	170	4.7	5.3	3.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,885	5,180	4,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	9,630	5,130	4,500	97.4	99.0	95.6
French	50	0	50	0.5	0.0	1.1
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	170	35	135	1.7	0.7	2.9
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,885	5,180	4,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,865	5,180	4,690	99.8	100.0	99.7
Official languages	9,860	5,180	4,685	99.7	100.0	99.6
English	9,805	5,180	4,630	99.2	100.0	98.4
French	55	0	55	0.6	0.0	1.2
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
English and French	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,885	5,180	4,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,705	5,130	4,575	98.2	99.0	97.2
English	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French	145	35	115	1.5	0.7	2.4
Non-official language	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,945	4,250	3,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,105	430	680	13.9	10.1	18.4
Worked outside Canada	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
No fixed workplace address	1,080	825	250	13.6	19.4	6.8
Usual place of work	5,730	2,970	2,755	72.1	69.9	74.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,730	2,970	2,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,395	1,210	1,190	41.8	40.7	43.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,725	1,340	1,385	47.6	45.1	50.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	595	410	185	10.4	13.8	6.7
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,810	3,800	3,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,320	3,560	2,755	92.8	93.7	91.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,855	3,340	2,515	86.0	87.9	83.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	465	220	240	6.8	5.8	8.0
Public transit	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.7
Walked	260	120	140	3.8	3.2	4.7
Bicycle	60	55	0	0.9	1.4	0.0
Other method	140	55	85	2.1	1.4	2.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,810	3,800	3,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,560	1,310	1,250	37.6	34.5	41.6
15 to 29 minutes	1,915	1,035	875	28.1	27.2	29.1
30 to 44 minutes	1,520	845	675	22.3	22.2	22.5
45 to 59 minutes	340	230	105	5.0	6.1	3.5
60 minutes and over	480	375	105	7.0	9.9	3.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,810	3,800	3,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	720	505	215	10.6	13.3	7.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,465	1,025	440	21.5	27.0	14.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,665	910	755	24.4	23.9	25.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,220	470	750	17.9	12.4	25.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	700	260	440	10.3	6.8	14.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,035	625	410	15.2	16.4	13.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,280	1,695	1,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	410	205	205	12.5	12.1	13.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,865	1,490	1,375	87.3	87.9	87.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,360	1,225	1,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	300	155	145	12.7	12.7	12.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	185	85	95	7.8	6.9	8.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	125	75	45	5.3	6.1	4.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,050	1,065	990	86.9	86.9	87.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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