Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Perth East, Township (TP)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	12,595	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,277^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,266	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,112	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	17.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	711.93	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	12,595	6,345	6,250
0 to 14 years	2,910	1,500	1,410
0 to 4 years	980	500	475
5 to 9 years	975	520	455
10 to 14 years	955	480	480
15 to 64 years	7,690	3,870	3,820
15 to 19 years	925	465	460
20 to 24 years	800	425	370
25 to 29 years	755	385	370
30 to 34 years	705	335	370
35 to 39 years	735	375	355
40 to 44 years	710	340	375
45 to 49 years	645	325	315
50 to 54 years	755	375	385
55 to 59 years	840	440	405
60 to 64 years	815	405	410
65 years and over	1,990	970	1,020
65 to 69 years	685	360	330
70 to 74 years	485	230	250
75 to 79 years	370	180	185
80 to 84 years	200	100	95
85 years and over	250	95	160
85 to 89 years	150	60	90
90 to 94 years	75	30	45
95 to 99 years	20	0	20
100 years and over	5	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.1	23.6	22.6
15 to 64 years	61.1	61.0	61.1
65 years and over	15.8	15.3	16.3
85 years and over	2.0	1.5	2.6
Average age of the population	37.8	37.3	38.3
Median age of the population	36.4	35.6	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,115	...	...
Single-detached house	3,625	...	...
Semi-detached house	115	...	...
Row house	65	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	160	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	100	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,110	...	...
1 person	720	...	...
2 persons	1,510	...	...
3 persons	550	...	...
4 persons	575	...	...
5 or more persons	765	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,390	6,265	6,130
Average household size	3.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,685	4,840	4,840
Married or living common-law	6,405	3,205	3,200
Married	5,765	2,890	2,880
Living common-law	640	320	320
Living common law - Never married	420	210	210
Living common law - Separated	30	20	15
Living common law - Divorced	155	80	80
Living common law - Widowed	30	15	20
Not married and not living common-law	3,275	1,640	1,640
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,465	1,335	1,125
Not married and not living common law - Separated	110	55	50
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	260	145	115
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	450	100	345
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,385	...	...
2 persons	1,565	...	...
3 persons	565	...	...
4 persons	570	...	...
5 or more persons	685	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,385	...	...
Total couple families	3,155	...	...
Married couples	2,835	...	...
With children⁶	1,610	...	...
Without children	1,225	...	...
Common-law couples	320	...	...
With children⁶	120	...	...
Without children	200	...	...
Total one-parent families	230	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	165	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	65	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	12,390	6,265	6,130
Total - Persons in census families	11,325	5,705	5,620
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,315	3,155	3,160
Parents in one-parent families	230	65	160
Children⁶	4,785	2,485	2,295
In a two-parent family	4,415	2,305	2,110
In a one-parent family	370	180	185
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,065	555	510
Living alone	720	380	335
Living with other relatives⁷	180	70	110
Living with non-relatives only	170	110	65
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,110	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,100	...	...
Couple-family households	2,920	...	...
With children⁶	1,590	...	...
Without children	1,330	...	...
One-parent-family households	180	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	85	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	95	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	85	...	...
One-person households	720	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,480	4,760	4,715
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,245	4,655	4,590
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	49,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,255	4,660	4,595
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,000	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,720	4,535	4,180
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	45,600	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,545	4,065	3,475
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	43,600	24,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,875	3,945	3,930
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,120	2,600	8,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	540	230	310
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320	5,080	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,625	800	825
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,480	4,760	4,720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,180	4,630	4,550
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,840	58,350	43,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,195	4,630	4,565
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,040	48,360	37,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,705	4,515	4,190
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,920	54,000	37,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,540	4,050	3,490
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,040	50,320	34,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,760	3,835	3,925
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,630	6,830	10,390
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	490	235	250
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,960	5,200	8,700
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,560	765	795
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,370	6,460	8,240
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,480	4,760	4,720
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,065	2,585	1,480
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	55,200	44,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,850	63,000	54,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,575	1,095	1,475
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	24,800	19,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,440	31,000	23,020
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	85.6	90.4	79.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.6	75.4	61.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	14.4	9.7	20.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.5	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.1	2.2	4.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.5	1.8	3.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,480	4,760	4,720
Without total income	235	100	130
With total income	9,245	4,660	4,585
Under $10,000 (including loss)	850	315	535
$10,000 to $19,999	1,180	450	730
$20,000 to $29,999	1,345	565	780
$30,000 to $39,999	1,120	470	655
$40,000 to $49,999	1,075	545	535
$50,000 to $59,999	940	535	410
$60,000 to $69,999	735	435	300
$70,000 to $79,999	565	370	195
$80,000 to $89,999	395	275	120
$90,000 to $99,999	270	175	95
$100,000 and over	760	530	235
$100,000 to $149,999	555	380	175
$150,000 and over	205	150	60
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,480	4,760	4,720
Without after-tax income	225	100	125
With after-tax income	9,255	4,660	4,595
Under $10,000 (including loss)	895	330	565
$10,000 to $19,999	1,235	475	755
$20,000 to $29,999	1,500	610	890
$30,000 to $39,999	1,365	625	745
$40,000 to $49,999	1,300	725	570
$50,000 to $59,999	1,005	590	415
$60,000 to $69,999	705	465	235
$70,000 to $79,999	455	300	155
$80,000 to $89,999	275	160	115
$90,000 to $99,999	170	125	45
$100,000 and over	355	260	95
$100,000 to $124,999	205	150	55
$125,000 and over	150	110	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,480	4,760	4,720
Without employment income	1,940	695	1,245
With employment income	7,540	4,065	3,475
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,075	470	610
$5,000 to $9,999	610	250	365
$10,000 to $19,999	1,085	490	595
$20,000 to $29,999	735	340	395
$30,000 to $39,999	700	350	350
$40,000 to $49,999	740	420	325
$50,000 to $59,999	640	395	250
$60,000 to $69,999	510	330	180
$70,000 to $79,999	375	270	105
$80,000 to $89,999	280	200	85
$90,000 to $99,999	230	150	75
$100,000 and over	555	410	145
$100,000 to $124,999	320	225	95
$125,000 and over	235	185	50
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,480	4,760	4,715
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,980	4,530	4,450
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	48,400	31,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,980	4,530	4,450
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,800	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,470	4,410	4,060
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	46,000	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,395	4,000	3,395
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	43,200	25,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,550	3,790	3,760
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,740	800	5,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	490	215	275
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,240	4,640	7,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,480	4,760	4,720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,955	4,535	4,425
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,920	57,400	40,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,965	4,535	4,430
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	46,520	34,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,490	4,430	4,060
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,800	54,550	36,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,440	4,045	3,395
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,680	50,080	33,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,545	3,770	3,770
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,530	4,920	8,130
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	515	250	260
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,160	5,320	8,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,480	4,760	4,720
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,990	2,570	1,420
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,200	54,400	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,900	61,050	49,360
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,455	1,055	1,400
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	27,600	21,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,760	34,200	26,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.8	92.8	82.8
Employment income (%)	72.4	77.8	64.6
Government transfers (%)	11.2	7.1	17.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.5	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,110	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	720	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,395	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,110	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	113,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	96,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	720	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,395	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,110	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	115	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	140	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	140	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	285	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	250	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	270	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	260	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,950	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	570	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	460	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	515	...	...
$200,000 and over	405	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,110	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	130	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	155	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	155	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	330	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	325	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	295	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,585	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	610	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	420	...	...
$150,000 and over	555	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,350	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,345	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,725	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	890	490	405
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	47,600	39,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	41,200	36,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,375	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	126,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,370	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,745	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	815	460	355
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,600	49,400	50,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	41,600	44,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	12,390	6,260	6,130
0 to 17 years	3,470	1,785	1,690
0 to 5 years	1,160	595	565
18 to 64 years	7,095	3,575	3,525
65 years and over	1,825	905	915
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,275	635	640
0 to 17 years	490	250	245
0 to 5 years	220	115	110
18 to 64 years	590	300	290
65 years and over	190	85	110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.3	10.1	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	14.1	13.9	14.3
0 to 5 years (%)	19.0	19.2	19.2
18 to 64 years (%)	8.4	8.4	8.3
65 years and over (%)	10.6	9.4	11.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	12,390	6,265	6,130
0 to 17 years	3,470	1,780	1,690
0 to 5 years	1,160	600	560
18 to 64 years	7,095	3,575	3,520
65 years and over	1,825	905	920
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	355	180	170
0 to 17 years	125	65	60
0 to 5 years	45	30	20
18 to 64 years	185	100	90
65 years and over	45	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.9	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.5	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	4.2	4.4	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	2.7	2.5
65 years and over (%)	2.3	2.4	2.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	12,390	6,265	6,130
In bottom half of the distribution	6,275	3,130	3,145
In bottom decile	1,100	545	560
In second decile	1,175	585	590
In third decile	1,460	710	745
In fourth decile	1,295	670	625
In fifth decile	1,245	615	625
In top half of the distribution	6,120	3,135	2,985
In sixth decile	1,305	665	640
In seventh decile	1,360	690	665
In eighth decile	1,270	645	620
In ninth decile	1,210	625	585
In top decile	975	505	470
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	12,390	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.307	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.387	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.276	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,415	6,275	6,140
English only	11,960	6,075	5,885
French only	0	0	0
English and French	255	90	165
Neither English nor French	195	105	95
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,415	6,275	6,140
English	12,175	6,145	6,025
French	40	20	15
English and French	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	195	105	90
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,415	6,275	6,140
Single responses	12,250	6,200	6,055
Official languages	9,605	4,860	4,745
English	9,570	4,840	4,730
French	30	20	15
Non-official languages	2,645	1,340	1,305
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,645	1,340	1,305
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	5	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,600	1,315	1,280
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	20	30
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10
Russian	5	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,465	1,255	1,215
Frisian	5	5	0
High German languages	1,945	975	970
German	1,500	750	755
Pennsylvania German	415	215	200
Swiss German	30	20	10
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	505	265	245
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	165	90	75
Low German, n.o.s.	45	20	25
Low Saxon	20	15	5
Plautdietsch	275	140	135
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0
Danish	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0
Portuguese	15	5	5
Romanian	25	10	15
Spanish	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0
Lao	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	165	80	85
English and French	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	125	60	65
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,415	6,275	6,140
English	10,080	5,080	4,995
French	10	5	5
Non-official language	1,120	570	550
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	1,120	570	555
English and French	25	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	1,155	600	555
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,415	6,275	6,140
Single responses	12,180	6,155	6,025
Official languages	10,640	5,375	5,265
English	10,625	5,365	5,260
French	15	10	5
Non-official languages	1,540	780	755
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,535	780	760
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,510	765	745
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,470	745	720
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	1,170	590	580
German	870	440	435
Pennsylvania German	295	150	140
Swiss German	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	290	155	140
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	30	15	15
Low German, n.o.s.	45	25	20
Low Saxon	20	10	5
Plautdietsch	200	100	100
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10
Spanish	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5
Chinese languages	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5
Lao	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	235	120	115
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	230	120	115
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,415	6,275	6,140
None	11,440	5,775	5,665
English	400	195	200
French	20	5	15
Non-official language	525	280	250
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	525	280	250
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,395	6,265	6,130
Official languages	12,195	6,135	6,060
English	12,195	6,135	6,060
French	235	75	160
Non-official languages	3,085	1,555	1,530
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,085	1,555	1,530
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,035	1,530	1,500
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10
Bosnian	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,940	1,500	1,440
Frisian	15	10	0
High German languages	2,330	1,175	1,155
German	1,695	870	830
Pennsylvania German	645	310	340
Swiss German	15	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	785	405	380
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	435	225	210
Low German, n.o.s.	80	35	40
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	230	120	105
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10
Scandinavian languages	10	10	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	55	55
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0
Portuguese	15	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	95	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10
Lao	20	10	10
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,395	6,265	6,130
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	115	50	60
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	110	50	60
First Nations (North American Indian)	55	25	35
Métis	50	30	25
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	12,275	6,215	6,070
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,395	6,265	6,130
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	40	25	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,350	6,240	6,115
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,110	...	...
Owner	3,370	...	...
Renter	740	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,110	...	...
Condominium	60	...	...
Not condominium	4,055	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,110	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...
1 bedroom	150	...	...
2 bedrooms	725	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,570	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,110	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	405	...	...
5 rooms	395	...	...
6 rooms	685	...	...
7 rooms	710	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,925	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,110	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,010	...	...
More than one person per room	105	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,110	...	...
Suitable	3,955	...	...
Not suitable	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,110	...	...
1960 or before	1,765	...	...
1961 to 1980	935	...	...
1981 to 1990	455	...	...
1991 to 2000	360	...	...
2001 to 2005	160	...	...
2006 to 2010	90	...	...
2011 to 2015	145	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,110	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,940	...	...
Major repairs needed	170	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,110	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,815	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,205	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	85	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,110	...	...
15 to 24 years	115	...	...
25 to 34 years	570	...	...
35 to 44 years	745	...	...
45 to 54 years	695	...	...
55 to 64 years	855	...	...
65 to 74 years	690	...	...
75 to 84 years	315	...	...
85 years and over	135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,460	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,975	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	485	...	...
30% to less than 100%	460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,110	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	760	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	440	...	...
Not suitable only	125	...	...
Major repairs needed only	135	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,355	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,435	...	...
In core need	90	...	...
Not in core need	3,340	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,770	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,070	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,304	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	645,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	695	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,390	6,260	6,130
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	25	0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	25	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	15	0
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	165	90	80
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	165	90	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	125	60	60
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	25	20
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	12,200	6,150	6,050
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,390	6,260	6,130
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	12,225	6,185	6,045
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,495	1,790	1,710
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,730	4,395	4,335
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	170	80	85
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,390	6,260	6,130
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,645	5,910	5,730
Immigrants⁸¹	740	340	395
Before 1980	230	95	135
1980 to 1990	95	55	40
1991 to 2000	150	55	100
2001 to 2010	145	65	80
2011 to 2021⁸²	120	75	40
2011 to 2015	30	20	10
2016 to 2021	85	55	35
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	735	340	395
Under 5 years	135	50	85
5 to 14 years	155	80	75
15 to 24 years	200	80	115
25 to 44 years	225	120	110
45 years and over	25	10	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	735	340	395
Americas	325	140	180
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	230	120	105
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	70	15	60
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	15
Europe	375	175	195
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	45	20	25
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	135	75	60
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	80	30	55
Other places of birth in Europe	65	25	35
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	25	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	90	55	35
Americas	75	45	35
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	60	35	25
United States of America	10	0	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,395	6,265	6,130
First generation¹⁰⁰	855	415	440
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,745	955	790
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,790	4,885	4,900
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	505	245	255
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	265	135	125
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	90	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	160	40	110
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	200	105	100
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	0	30
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	505	245	255
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	65	40	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	10	15
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	20	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	10	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	365	155	205
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,395	6,265	6,130
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	125	60	65
South Asian	10	10	0
Chinese	0	0	0
Black	25	15	10
Filipino	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	25	15	10
Southeast Asian	20	10	10
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	12,265	6,200	6,065
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,390	6,260	6,130
Canadian	2,040	1,025	1,015
English	2,310	1,135	1,180
Irish	1,770	800	980
Scottish	1,865	925	935
French, n.o.s.¹²²	995	430	570
German	4,240	2,220	2,020
Chinese	0	0	0
Italian	175	80	95
Indian (India)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	25	25
Dutch	1,490	790	700
Polish	180	65	110
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	175	110	65
Filipino	20	0	15
French Canadian	70	30	40
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	380	175	205
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	70	55	15
Métis	50	35	20
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	200	105	95
Russian	175	85	90
Norwegian	15	15	0
Welsh	125	75	60
Portuguese	70	50	25
American	285	135	150
Spanish	40	15	25
Swedish	30	10	20
Hungarian	25	10	20
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	35	30	15
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	15	10
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	65	35	30
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	40	15	20
Danish	35	30	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	30	0	30
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	45	20	30
Belgian	90	40	50
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	280	140	140
Mennonite	685	390	295
Swiss	1,615	745	870
Finnish	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	10
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	75	35	40
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	0	15
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	25	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35	30	10
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	145	70	75
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	65	20	40
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,395	6,265	6,130
Buddhist	20	10	10
Christian	9,665	4,830	4,835
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,550	785	765
Anabaptist	3,250	1,595	1,650
Anglican	215	80	130
Baptist	140	60	80
Catholic	1,730	905	820
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	20	10	10
Latter Day Saints	10	10	0
Lutheran	880	425	450
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	45	25	20
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	100	40	55
Presbyterian	520	270	250
Reformed	105	40	65
United Church	905	485	420
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	170	85	85
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	10	0
No religion and secular perspectives	2,680	1,405	1,275
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	12,170	6,165	6,005
Non-movers	11,445	5,800	5,650
Movers	725	365	360
Non-migrants	230	135	100
Migrants	490	235	260
Internal migrants	480	230	250
Intraprovincial migrants	440	215	230
Interprovincial migrants	40	20	25
External migrants	15	0	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,415	5,760	5,655
Non-movers	8,490	4,290	4,200
Movers	2,925	1,470	1,460
Non-migrants	675	345	330
Migrants	2,255	1,125	1,130
Internal migrants	2,200	1,095	1,105
Intraprovincial migrants	2,115	1,065	1,050
Interprovincial migrants	80	30	55
External migrants	60	35	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,480	4,760	4,720
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,555	1,930	1,625
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,920	2,825	3,095
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,940	2,930	3,005
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,825	995	825
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,115	1,935	2,180
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,480	4,760	4,720
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,355	1,790	1,560
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,570	1,280	1,290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,550	1,690	1,865
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,665	1,370	1,295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	710	590	125
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	250	170	70
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	470	415	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,830	740	1,095
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	50	75
Bachelor's degree or higher	890	315	575
Bachelor's degree	650	225	425
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	20	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	10
Master's degree	150	45	105
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,940	2,930	3,005
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,725	935	785
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,545	765	780
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,670	1,235	1,435
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,965	1,005	965
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	505	415	85
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	155	95	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	355	320	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,380	555	830
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	30	50
Bachelor's degree or higher	705	230	475
Bachelor's degree	515	165	350
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	20	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10
Master's degree	120	35	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,480	4,760	4,715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,925	3,070	2,855
Education	175	15	160
13. Education	175	15	160
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	45	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	125	25	95
Humanities	95	45	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15
54. History	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	315	60	255
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	0	105
22. Legal professions and studies	85	30	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	50	0	50
45. Social sciences	45	20	25
Business, management and public administration	515	155	365
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	465	145	325
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	20	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	10	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	50	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	40	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	950	905	45
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	10
14. Engineering	50	45	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	85	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	300	295	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	335	320	10
48. Precision production	155	150	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	350	240	115
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	330	230	100
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	10	10
Health and related fields	550	20	530
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	10	50
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	490	15	480
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	270	130	140
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	150	25	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	75	60	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	50	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,935	2,935	3,010
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,265	1,695	1,570
Education	95	15	80
13. Education	95	15	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	25	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	10	75
Humanities	85	45	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	10
54. History	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	35	210
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	65	15	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	45	0	40
45. Social sciences	30	10	20
Business, management and public administration	415	110	310
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	385	110	275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	10	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	40	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	30	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	700	665	30
04. Architecture and related services	20	0	10
14. Engineering	40	40	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75	70	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	225	220	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	235	230	0
48. Precision production	105	105	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	270	170	95
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	255	170	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10
Health and related fields	405	10	390
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	0	45
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	355	10	345
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	200	95	105
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	115	25	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	60	40	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,935	2,935	3,010
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,265	1,695	1,570
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,670	1,230	1,440
Location of study inside Canada	2,590	1,180	1,415
Same as province or territory of residence	2,525	1,150	1,375
Different than province or territory of residence	65	30	35
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	80	55	30
Americas	20	15	0
United States of America	20	15	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	50	30	20
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	15	10
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,480	4,760	4,720
In the labour force	6,915	3,875	3,035
Employed	6,640	3,730	2,915
Unemployed	270	150	125
Not in the labour force	2,565	885	1,680
Participation rate	72.9	81.4	64.3
Employment rate	70.0	78.4	61.8
Unemployment rate	3.9	3.9	4.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,480	4,760	4,715
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,505	915	1,585
Worked	6,980	3,845	3,135
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,275	2,695	1,575
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,705	1,145	1,555
Average weeks worked in reference year	45.0	46.6	43.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,910	3,875	3,035
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	10	45
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,860	3,860	2,995
Employee	4,825	2,655	2,170
Permanent position	4,200	2,355	1,845
Temporary position	625	300	325
Fixed term (1 year or more)	200	100	100
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	425	200	230
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,035	1,210	825
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,910	3,875	3,035
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	10	45
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,860	3,860	2,995
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	35	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	850	170	675
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	260	185	80
3 Health occupations	320	20	295
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	440	95	345
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	25	55
6 Sales and service occupations	1,270	440	825
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,775	1,660	115
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,285	825	455
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	530	400	130
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,910	3,875	3,035
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	50	10	45
All industries¹⁹¹	6,860	3,860	2,995
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,395	865	530
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0
22 Utilities	20	20	0
23 Construction	930	815	115
31-33 Manufacturing	960	705	255
41 Wholesale trade	305	230	80
44-45 Retail trade	520	250	275
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	280	220	65
51 Information and cultural industries	50	20	35
52 Finance and insurance	230	60	170
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	30	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	265	125	145
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	215	80	135
61 Educational services	280	35	240
62 Health care and social assistance	540	50	490
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	15	35
72 Accommodation and food services	200	60	140
81 Other services (except public administration)	385	215	170
91 Public administration	145	65	85
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,355	4,040	3,305
English	6,770	3,735	3,035
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	285	140	140
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	285	140	140
English and French	25	10	15
English and non-official language(s)	275	160	115
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,355	4,040	3,305
Single responses	7,310	4,020	3,290
Official languages	6,920	3,815	3,105
English	6,915	3,815	3,100
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	390	205	185
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	390	205	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	390	205	185
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	390	205	185
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	340	165	175
German	160	80	80
Pennsylvania German	175	85	90
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	35	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	35	20	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	20	20
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,355	4,040	3,305
None	7,095	3,895	3,200
English	100	55	45
French	20	10	10
Non-official language	125	75	50
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	125	75	50
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,640	3,730	2,910
Worked at home	1,715	910	805
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	805	645	155
Usual place of work	4,110	2,160	1,950
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,110	2,160	1,950
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,170	575	600
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,615	780	830
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,325	810	515
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,910	2,810	2,110
Car, truck or van	4,345	2,540	1,800
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,845	2,245	1,605
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	495	300	195
Public transit	10	0	0
Walked	370	165	205
Bicycle	35	20	15
Other method	160	75	85
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,910	2,810	2,110
Less than 15 minutes	1,995	1,085	900
15 to 29 minutes	1,670	915	750
30 to 44 minutes	880	535	340
45 to 59 minutes	190	115	70
60 minutes and over	185	150	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,910	2,810	2,110
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	390	290	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,260	895	365
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,360	805	550
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	880	310	570
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	385	125	260
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	630	375	255
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,525	1,810	1,720
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	50	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,435	1,755	1,675
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,480	1,280	1,205
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	65	30	35
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	15	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,415	1,250	1,170

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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