Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Bayham, Municipality (MU)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	7,096	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	7,396	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 4.1	...	...	- 4.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,435	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,264	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	29.0	...	...	29.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	244.60	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	7,095	3,610	3,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,790	915	870	25.2	25.3	25.0
0 to 4 years	535	270	265	7.5	7.5	7.6
5 to 9 years	580	305	275	8.2	8.4	7.9
10 to 14 years	670	335	335	9.4	9.3	9.6
15 to 64 years	4,250	2,190	2,055	59.9	60.7	59.1
15 to 19 years	620	330	295	8.7	9.1	8.5
20 to 24 years	415	220	195	5.8	6.1	5.6
25 to 29 years	395	210	185	5.6	5.8	5.3
30 to 34 years	375	200	180	5.3	5.5	5.2
35 to 39 years	350	165	185	4.9	4.6	5.3
40 to 44 years	385	200	185	5.4	5.5	5.3
45 to 49 years	395	190	210	5.6	5.3	6.0
50 to 54 years	400	200	200	5.6	5.5	5.7
55 to 59 years	465	260	200	6.6	7.2	5.7
60 to 64 years	460	220	235	6.5	6.1	6.8
65 years and over	1,060	510	550	14.9	14.1	15.8
65 to 69 years	375	180	190	5.3	5.0	5.5
70 to 74 years	305	145	160	4.3	4.0	4.6
75 to 79 years	215	105	110	3.0	2.9	3.2
80 to 84 years	100	55	50	1.4	1.5	1.4
85 years and over	70	25	40	1.0	0.7	1.1
85 to 89 years	40	15	25	0.6	0.4	0.7
90 to 94 years	20	5	20	0.3	0.1	0.6
95 to 99 years	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.2	25.3	25.0	25.2	25.3	25.0
15 to 64 years	59.9	60.7	59.1	59.9	60.7	59.1
65 years and over	14.9	14.1	15.8	14.9	14.1	15.8
85 years and over	1.0	0.7	1.1	1.0	0.7	1.1
Average age of the population	36.6	36.0	37.1	36.6	36.0	37.1
Median age of the population	34.4	32.8	35.6	34.4	32.8	35.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,005	...	...	88.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	40	...	...	1.8	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	45	...	...	2.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	130	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	425	...	...	18.8	...	...
2 persons	790	...	...	34.9	...	...
3 persons	320	...	...	14.1	...	...
4 persons	280	...	...	12.4	...	...
5 or more persons	455	...	...	20.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,075	3,605	3,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,310	2,700	2,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	3,355	1,680	1,680	63.2	62.2	64.4
Married	2,960	1,480	1,475	55.7	54.8	56.5
Living common-law	395	200	200	7.4	7.4	7.7
Living common law - Never married	225	115	115	4.2	4.3	4.4
Living common law - Separated	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	110	60	55	2.1	2.2	2.1
Living common law - Widowed	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	1,950	1,025	930	36.7	38.0	35.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,380	800	585	26.0	29.6	22.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	100	40	55	1.9	1.5	2.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	205	100	105	3.9	3.7	4.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	270	75	200	5.1	2.8	7.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	860	...	...	46.5	...	...
3 persons	330	...	...	17.8	...	...
4 persons	255	...	...	13.8	...	...
5 or more persons	410	...	...	22.2	...	...
Average size of census families	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,660	...	...	89.7	...	...
Married couples	1,460	...	...	78.9	...	...
With children⁶	840	...	...	45.4	...	...
Without children	625	...	...	33.8	...	...
Common-law couples	195	...	...	10.5	...	...
With children⁶	80	...	...	4.3	...	...
Without children	115	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	190	...	...	10.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	145	...	...	7.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	45	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,075	3,605	3,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	6,415	3,265	3,155	90.7	90.6	90.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,320	1,660	1,660	46.9	46.0	47.8
Parents in one-parent families	190	45	145	2.7	1.2	4.2
Children⁶	2,910	1,560	1,345	41.1	43.3	38.7
In a two-parent family	2,615	1,395	1,220	37.0	38.7	35.1
In a one-parent family	290	165	130	4.1	4.6	3.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	655	335	320	9.3	9.3	9.2
Living alone	425	225	205	6.0	6.2	5.9
Living with other relatives⁷	115	45	70	1.6	1.2	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	115	70	45	1.6	1.9	1.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,645	...	...	72.8	...	...
Couple-family households	1,515	...	...	67.0	...	...
With children⁶	840	...	...	37.2	...	...
Without children	675	...	...	29.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	135	...	...	6.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	70	...	...	3.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	55	...	...	2.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	45	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	425	...	...	18.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,290	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,080	2,590	2,490	96.0	96.3	95.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	43,600	28,600	35,600	43,600	28,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,080	2,590	2,490	96.0	96.3	95.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	39,200	27,400	32,800	39,200	27,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,315	2,350	1,965	81.6	87.4	75.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,800	40,800	20,200	30,800	40,800	20,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,630	2,070	1,565	68.6	77.0	60.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	41,200	21,400	32,000	41,200	21,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,565	2,320	2,245	86.3	86.2	86.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	5,080	12,400	8,500	5,080	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	490	245	250	9.3	9.1	9.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,600	5,400	5,480	5,600	5,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,070	550	520	20.2	20.4	20.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,000	6,500	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,290	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,110	2,630	2,480	96.6	97.8	95.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,000	48,480	37,120	43,000	48,480	37,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,115	2,630	2,485	96.7	97.8	95.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,760	41,880	33,440	37,760	41,880	33,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,285	2,345	1,935	81.0	87.2	74.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,440	45,920	31,600	39,440	45,920	31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,630	2,055	1,575	68.6	76.4	60.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,440	43,320	29,720	37,440	43,320	29,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,560	2,320	2,235	86.2	86.2	86.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,120	8,570	13,780	11,120	8,570	13,780
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	545	270	270	10.3	10.0	10.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,340	6,040	6,650	6,340	6,040	6,650
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,050	505	540	19.8	18.8	20.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,580	6,920	8,160	7,580	6,920	8,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,290	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,580	1,040	540	29.9	38.7	20.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400	54,800	48,400	52,400	54,800	48,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,700	56,800	50,600	54,700	56,800	50,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,445	735	710	27.3	27.3	27.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	25,200	16,600	20,600	25,200	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,760	29,750	21,600	25,760	29,750	21,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.0	84.4	66.6	77.0	84.4	66.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.8	69.8	50.8	61.8	69.8	50.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.1	15.6	33.5	23.1	15.6	33.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.6	1.3	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	3.4	6.5	4.7	3.4	6.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.6	2.7	4.8	3.6	2.7	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,285	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	210	95	115	4.0	3.5	4.4
With total income	5,080	2,595	2,485	96.1	96.5	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	480	200	280	9.4	7.7	11.3
$10,000 to $19,999	770	285	480	15.2	11.0	19.3
$20,000 to $29,999	910	370	535	17.9	14.3	21.5
$30,000 to $39,999	705	340	360	13.9	13.1	14.5
$40,000 to $49,999	590	320	265	11.6	12.3	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	530	320	210	10.4	12.3	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	360	250	105	7.1	9.6	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	240	160	80	4.7	6.2	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	150	100	50	3.0	3.9	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	105	60	40	2.1	2.3	1.6
$100,000 and over	255	175	80	5.0	6.7	3.2
$100,000 to $149,999	195	135	65	3.8	5.2	2.6
$150,000 and over	65	45	15	1.3	1.7	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,285	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	205	95	115	3.9	3.5	4.4
With after-tax income	5,085	2,595	2,485	96.2	96.5	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	490	200	290	9.6	7.7	11.7
$10,000 to $19,999	805	300	500	15.8	11.6	20.1
$20,000 to $29,999	995	410	590	19.6	15.8	23.7
$30,000 to $39,999	815	415	405	16.0	16.0	16.3
$40,000 to $49,999	700	425	270	13.8	16.4	10.9
$50,000 to $59,999	510	335	180	10.0	12.9	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	315	205	105	6.2	7.9	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	165	110	55	3.2	4.2	2.2
$80,000 to $89,999	120	75	50	2.4	2.9	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	65	35	25	1.3	1.3	1.0
$100,000 and over	105	75	30	2.1	2.9	1.2
$100,000 to $124,999	55	40	20	1.1	1.5	0.8
$125,000 and over	45	30	15	0.9	1.2	0.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,285	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,660	620	1,035	31.4	23.0	39.8
With employment income	3,630	2,065	1,565	68.7	76.8	60.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	555	260	295	15.3	12.6	18.8
$5,000 to $9,999	290	130	160	8.0	6.3	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	510	215	290	14.0	10.4	18.5
$20,000 to $29,999	385	170	210	10.6	8.2	13.4
$30,000 to $39,999	395	235	155	10.9	11.4	9.9
$40,000 to $49,999	395	245	150	10.9	11.9	9.6
$50,000 to $59,999	335	240	100	9.2	11.6	6.4
$60,000 to $69,999	250	180	65	6.9	8.7	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	150	120	35	4.1	5.8	2.2
$80,000 to $89,999	105	80	30	2.9	3.9	1.9
$90,000 to $99,999	100	65	30	2.8	3.1	1.9
$100,000 and over	165	115	45	4.5	5.6	2.9
$100,000 to $124,999	105	70	35	2.9	3.4	2.2
$125,000 and over	60	45	15	1.7	2.2	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,290	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,950	2,515	2,435	93.6	93.5	93.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	42,000	27,000	33,600	42,000	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,950	2,515	2,435	93.6	93.5	93.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	37,600	25,800	31,400	37,600	25,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,235	2,290	1,940	80.1	85.1	74.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	40,800	21,000	31,600	40,800	21,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,580	2,015	1,570	67.7	74.9	60.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	41,200	22,000	33,200	41,200	22,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,300	2,185	2,115	81.3	81.2	81.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,680	1,510	9,300	4,680	1,510	9,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	455	230	220	8.6	8.6	8.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,560	5,600	5,600	5,560	5,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,290	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,985	2,555	2,435	94.2	95.0	93.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,480	44,920	33,720	39,480	44,920	33,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,985	2,555	2,435	94.2	95.0	93.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,080	38,120	29,840	34,080	38,120	29,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,230	2,280	1,940	80.0	84.8	74.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,480	44,040	29,760	37,480	44,040	29,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,610	2,000	1,610	68.2	74.3	61.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,680	43,000	28,840	36,680	43,000	28,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,320	2,230	2,095	81.7	82.9	80.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,900	6,335	11,620	8,900	6,335	11,620
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	510	240	275	9.6	8.9	10.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,600	6,080	8,900	7,600	6,080	8,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,290	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,530	1,000	525	28.9	37.2	20.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	53,200	43,200	50,000	53,200	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,600	54,200	46,600	51,600	54,200	46,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,380	700	680	26.1	26.0	26.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	28,800	17,400	21,400	28,800	17,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,000	34,700	23,080	29,000	34,700	23,080
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.4	87.6	70.4	80.4	87.6	70.4
Employment income (%)	67.4	75.0	56.6	67.4	75.0	56.6
Government transfers (%)	19.5	12.3	29.7	19.5	12.3	29.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.3	3.0	2.0	1.3	3.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,265	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	425	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	33,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,840	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,265	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,400	...	...	85,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	38,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,835	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,600	...	...	110,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,200	...	...	97,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	3.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	80	...	...	3.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	90	...	...	4.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	3.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	175	...	...	7.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	200	...	...	8.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	155	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	140	...	...	6.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	865	...	...	38.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	290	...	...	12.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	225	...	...	9.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	225	...	...	9.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	130	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	3.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	3.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	4.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	4.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	210	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	210	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	210	...	...	9.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	165	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	150	...	...	6.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	695	...	...	30.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	300	...	...	13.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	170	...	...	7.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	230	...	...	10.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	685	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	925	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	540	290	245	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	34,800	31,200	32,400	34,800	31,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,600	32,400	29,000	30,600	32,400	29,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,805	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,400	...	...	97,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	675	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,800	...	...	81,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	930	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,800	...	...	130,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,600	...	...	114,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	520	275	245	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,600	35,600	38,000	36,600	35,600	38,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,000	32,000	34,000	33,000	32,000	34,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,075	3,605	3,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,175	1,115	1,060	30.7	30.9	30.5
0 to 5 years	660	340	315	9.3	9.4	9.1
18 to 64 years	3,845	1,980	1,865	54.3	54.9	53.7
65 years and over	1,055	505	550	14.9	14.0	15.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	745	370	375	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	240	125	115	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	90	50	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	330	170	165	...	...	...
65 years and over	175	75	100	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.5	10.3	10.8	10.5	10.3	10.8
0 to 17 years (%)	11.0	11.2	10.8	11.0	11.2	10.8
0 to 5 years (%)	13.0	14.4	12.0	13.0	14.4	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	8.4	8.7	8.6	8.4	8.7
65 years and over (%)	16.8	15.6	18.0	16.8	15.6	18.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,075	3,605	3,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,175	1,115	1,060	30.7	30.9	30.5
0 to 5 years	655	340	320	9.3	9.4	9.2
18 to 64 years	3,845	1,985	1,860	54.3	55.1	53.5
65 years and over	1,055	505	550	14.9	14.0	15.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	140	90	55	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	40	25	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	80	50	30	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	10	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.0	2.4	1.6	2.0	2.4	1.6
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	2.2	1.6	1.9	2.2	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	2.0	x	1.8	2.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	2.6	1.7	2.2	2.6	1.7
65 years and over (%)	1.8	2.0	1.2	1.8	2.0	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,075	3,605	3,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	4,385	2,200	2,180	62.0	61.0	62.8
In bottom decile	620	315	305	8.8	8.7	8.8
In second decile	945	460	485	13.4	12.8	14.0
In third decile	1,035	525	510	14.6	14.6	14.7
In fourth decile	970	495	475	13.7	13.7	13.7
In fifth decile	810	405	400	11.4	11.2	11.5
In top half of the distribution	2,690	1,405	1,290	38.0	39.0	37.2
In sixth decile	775	390	385	11.0	10.8	11.1
In seventh decile	685	350	335	9.7	9.7	9.7
In eighth decile	565	300	260	8.0	8.3	7.5
In ninth decile	385	200	185	5.4	5.5	5.3
In top decile	280	155	120	4.0	4.3	3.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,075	...	...	7,075	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.282	...	...	0.282	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.414	...	...	0.414	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.252	...	...	0.252	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	7,100	3,615	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	6,780	3,470	3,315	95.5	96.0	95.1
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	145	70	80	2.0	1.9	2.3
Neither English nor French	170	75	90	2.4	2.1	2.6
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	7,100	3,615	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,885	3,520	3,365	97.0	97.4	96.6
French	40	15	25	0.6	0.4	0.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	170	75	90	2.4	2.1	2.6
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	7,100	3,615	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,905	3,510	3,395	97.3	97.1	97.4
Official languages	4,815	2,475	2,340	67.8	68.5	67.1
English	4,770	2,455	2,320	67.2	67.9	66.6
French	45	20	25	0.6	0.6	0.7
Non-official languages	2,085	1,035	1,050	29.4	28.6	30.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,085	1,035	1,050	29.4	28.6	30.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,040	1,010	1,030	28.7	27.9	29.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	1,960	970	985	27.6	26.8	28.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	940	485	455	13.2	13.4	13.1
German	915	475	445	12.9	13.1	12.8
Pennsylvania German	20	5	15	0.3	0.1	0.4
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	1,020	490	530	14.4	13.6	15.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	50	15	25	0.7	0.4	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	80	35	45	1.1	1.0	1.3
Low Saxon	25	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Plautdietsch	845	415	435	11.9	11.5	12.5
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	30	30	0.8	0.8	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	35	15	15	0.5	0.4	0.4
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	195	105	90	2.7	2.9	2.6
English and French	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	180	100	80	2.5	2.8	2.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	7,100	3,615	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,350	2,745	2,610	75.4	75.9	74.9
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	685	340	345	9.6	9.4	9.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	685	340	345	9.6	9.4	9.9
English and French	25	5	15	0.4	0.1	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	1,000	505	500	14.1	14.0	14.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	7,100	3,615	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,925	3,530	3,395	97.5	97.6	97.4
Official languages	5,805	2,970	2,835	81.8	82.2	81.3
English	5,795	2,965	2,830	81.6	82.0	81.2
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	1,120	560	560	15.8	15.5	16.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,120	560	560	15.8	15.5	16.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,105	550	550	15.6	15.2	15.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	1,070	535	535	15.1	14.8	15.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	515	270	240	7.3	7.5	6.9
German	500	270	235	7.0	7.5	6.7
Pennsylvania German	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.3
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	555	260	300	7.8	7.2	8.6
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
Low Saxon	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Plautdietsch	490	230	265	6.9	6.4	7.6
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	170	85	85	2.4	2.4	2.4
English and French	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	170	85	80	2.4	2.4	2.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	7,100	3,615	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,210	3,170	3,045	87.5	87.7	87.4
English	395	195	200	5.6	5.4	5.7
French	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	445	230	215	6.3	6.4	6.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	445	230	215	6.3	6.4	6.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.3	0.3	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,075	3,545	3,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	6,950	3,485	3,460	98.2	98.3	98.0
English	6,945	3,485	3,460	98.2	98.3	98.0
French	145	50	95	2.0	1.4	2.7
Non-official languages	2,490	1,245	1,245	35.2	35.1	35.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,490	1,245	1,245	35.2	35.1	35.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,425	1,215	1,210	34.3	34.3	34.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	2,255	1,140	1,115	31.9	32.2	31.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	1,015	500	520	14.3	14.1	14.7
German	1,005	495	510	14.2	14.0	14.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	1,250	650	600	17.7	18.3	17.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	55	20	35	0.8	0.6	1.0
Low German, n.o.s.	125	70	55	1.8	2.0	1.6
Low Saxon	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.8
Plautdietsch	1,020	525	500	14.4	14.8	14.2
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	30	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	150	90	3.4	4.2	2.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Portuguese	20	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	215	140	75	3.0	3.9	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	25	20	0.7	0.7	0.6
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	50	25	20	0.7	0.7	0.6
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,075	3,545	3,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	50	25	25	0.7	0.7	0.7
Métis	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	7,020	3,520	3,500	99.2	99.3	99.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,075	3,545	3,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,040	3,525	3,515	99.5	99.4	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,005	...	...	88.5	...	...
Renter	260	...	...	11.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
Not condominium	2,245	...	...	99.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	115	...	...	5.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	475	...	...	21.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	825	...	...	36.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	845	...	...	37.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	250	...	...	11.0	...	...
5 rooms	340	...	...	15.0	...	...
6 rooms	355	...	...	15.7	...	...
7 rooms	280	...	...	12.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,045	...	...	46.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,185	...	...	96.5	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,090	...	...	92.3	...	...
Not suitable	175	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	845	...	...	37.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	480	...	...	21.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	210	...	...	9.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	295	...	...	13.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...	4.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	145	...	...	6.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	115	...	...	5.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	80	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,095	...	...	92.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	170	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,010	...	...	44.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,185	...	...	52.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	70	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...	2.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	290	...	...	12.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	340	...	...	15.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	390	...	...	17.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	495	...	...	21.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	410	...	...	18.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	220	...	...	9.7	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,750	...	...	82.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	380	...	...	17.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	345	...	...	16.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,265	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	680	...	...	30.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	340	...	...	15.0	...	...
Not suitable only	160	...	...	7.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	130	...	...	5.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,585	...	...	70.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	80	...	...	3.8	...	...
Not in core need	2,015	...	...	96.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,875	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.1	...	...	61.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.8	...	...	16.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,140	...	...	1,140	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,304	...	...	1,304	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	472,000	...	...	472,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	523,500	...	...	523,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	255	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	23.5	...	...	23.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.5	...	...	27.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.7	...	...	13.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	750	...	...	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	870	...	...	870	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,075	3,540	3,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	100	30	65	1.4	0.8	1.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	100	30	65	1.4	0.8	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	90	30	65	1.3	0.8	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,950	3,495	3,450	98.2	98.7	97.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,075	3,540	3,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,960	3,490	3,470	98.4	98.6	98.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,145	1,025	1,120	30.3	29.0	31.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,815	2,465	2,350	68.1	69.6	66.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	115	50	65	1.6	1.4	1.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,075	3,540	3,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	5,760	2,895	2,865	81.4	81.8	81.0
Immigrants⁸¹	1,300	635	665	18.4	17.9	18.8
Before 1980	440	240	200	6.2	6.8	5.7
1980 to 1990	205	90	115	2.9	2.5	3.3
1991 to 2000	185	70	115	2.6	2.0	3.3
2001 to 2010	230	130	100	3.3	3.7	2.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	240	105	135	3.4	3.0	3.8
2011 to 2015	165	65	95	2.3	1.8	2.7
2016 to 2021	75	40	40	1.1	1.1	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,300	630	665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	310	160	150	23.8	25.4	22.6
5 to 14 years	445	205	235	34.2	32.5	35.3
15 to 24 years	255	140	120	19.6	22.2	18.0
25 to 44 years	255	115	135	19.6	18.3	20.3
45 years and over	45	15	30	3.5	2.4	4.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,300	630	665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,030	510	515	79.2	81.0	77.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	920	460	460	70.8	73.0	69.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	70	35	35	5.4	5.6	5.3
Other places of birth in Americas	20	0	20	1.5	0.0	3.0
Europe	230	110	120	17.7	17.5	18.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	25	20	0	1.9	3.2	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	10	10	1.2	1.6	1.5
Poland	15	0	15	1.2	0.0	2.3
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	90	55	35	6.9	8.7	5.3
Other places of birth in Europe	50	20	35	3.8	3.2	5.3
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	45	0	35	3.5	0.0	5.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	1.2	0.0	2.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	75	35	40	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	55	35	25	73.3	100.0	62.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	10	0	13.3	28.6	0.0
Mexico	30	15	10	40.0	42.9	25.0
United States of America	20	10	15	26.7	28.6	37.5
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	0	13.3	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	13.3	0.0	25.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,075	3,545	3,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,580	780	805	22.3	22.0	22.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,405	1,235	1,170	34.0	34.8	33.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,090	1,525	1,560	43.7	43.0	44.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	860	395	475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	260	100	160	30.2	25.3	33.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	25	45	7.6	6.3	9.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	195	75	120	22.7	19.0	25.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	475	245	230	55.2	62.0	48.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	100	35	65	11.6	8.9	13.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	30	15	15	3.5	3.8	3.2
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	860	395	475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	45	20	20	5.2	5.1	4.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	100	80	25	11.6	20.3	5.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	15	10	2.9	3.8	2.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	0	50	5.8	0.0	10.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	85	50	30	9.9	12.7	6.3
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	560	225	340	65.1	57.0	71.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,075	3,545	3,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	145	65	80	2.0	1.8	2.3
South Asian	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Chinese	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Black	45	30	20	0.6	0.8	0.6
Filipino	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	25	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	6,935	3,480	3,455	98.0	98.2	97.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,075	3,540	3,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,465	740	720	20.7	20.9	20.4
English	1,255	635	625	17.7	17.9	17.7
Irish	670	280	390	9.5	7.9	11.0
Scottish	725	300	420	10.2	8.5	11.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	305	145	160	4.3	4.1	4.5
German	1,130	610	520	16.0	17.2	14.7
Chinese	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Italian	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indian (India)	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.6
Ukrainian	150	70	80	2.1	2.0	2.3
Dutch	430	210	225	6.1	5.9	6.4
Polish	60	25	40	0.8	0.7	1.1
Québécois	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	235	120	115	3.3	3.4	3.3
Filipino	30	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.6
French Canadian	75	15	60	1.1	0.4	1.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	75	45	30	1.1	1.3	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	55	40	20	0.8	1.1	0.6
Métis	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	100	50	45	1.4	1.4	1.3
Russian	300	170	135	4.2	4.8	3.8
Norwegian	15	10	15	0.2	0.3	0.4
Welsh	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
Portuguese	40	10	30	0.6	0.3	0.8
American	40	30	15	0.6	0.8	0.4
Spanish	65	35	30	0.9	1.0	0.8
Swedish	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Hungarian	175	90	90	2.5	2.5	2.5
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	110	65	50	1.6	1.8	1.4
Danish	30	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	280	175	105	4.0	4.9	3.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	1,260	625	640	17.8	17.7	18.1
Mennonite	1,580	780	800	22.3	22.0	22.7
Swiss	55	30	20	0.8	0.8	0.6
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.7
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	30	25	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	30	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	75	45	30	1.1	1.3	0.8
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.3
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,075	3,545	3,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	5,320	2,605	2,710	75.2	73.5	76.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,965	990	980	27.8	27.9	27.7
Anabaptist	1,290	640	650	18.2	18.1	18.4
Anglican	165	90	70	2.3	2.5	2.0
Baptist	255	115	140	3.6	3.2	4.0
Catholic	755	350	405	10.7	9.9	11.5
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Lutheran	45	25	20	0.6	0.7	0.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	70	30	35	1.0	0.8	1.0
Presbyterian	60	30	35	0.8	0.8	1.0
Reformed	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
United Church	465	210	255	6.6	5.9	7.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	160	80	80	2.3	2.3	2.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,725	930	795	24.4	26.2	22.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	6,970	3,495	3,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,335	3,190	3,145	90.9	91.3	90.5
Movers	640	310	325	9.2	8.9	9.4
Non-migrants	210	95	115	3.0	2.7	3.3
Migrants	425	215	210	6.1	6.2	6.0
Internal migrants	410	210	205	5.9	6.0	5.9
Intraprovincial migrants	410	210	200	5.9	6.0	5.8
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	6,505	3,290	3,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,265	2,195	2,070	65.6	66.7	64.4
Movers	2,230	1,090	1,145	34.3	33.1	35.6
Non-migrants	495	270	235	7.6	8.2	7.3
Migrants	1,735	825	910	26.7	25.1	28.3
Internal migrants	1,675	795	880	25.7	24.2	27.4
Intraprovincial migrants	1,630	775	845	25.1	23.6	26.3
Interprovincial migrants	50	15	35	0.8	0.5	1.1
External migrants	60	30	30	0.9	0.9	0.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,290	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,285	1,240	1,045	43.2	46.1	40.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,005	1,450	1,555	56.8	53.9	59.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,225	1,660	1,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,155	660	495	35.8	39.8	31.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,070	1,000	1,075	64.2	60.2	68.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,285	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,175	1,175	1,000	41.2	43.7	38.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,475	745	730	27.9	27.7	28.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,640	770	865	31.0	28.6	33.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,290	665	625	24.4	24.7	24.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	325	235	95	6.1	8.7	3.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	145	80	65	2.7	3.0	2.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	185	150	25	3.5	5.6	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	900	410	490	17.0	15.2	18.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	25	35	1.1	0.9	1.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	350	105	245	6.6	3.9	9.4
Bachelor's degree	265	90	170	5.0	3.3	6.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Master's degree	50	10	45	0.9	0.4	1.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,225	1,665	1,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,105	635	475	34.3	38.1	30.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	940	495	440	29.1	29.7	28.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,180	535	650	36.6	32.1	41.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	930	455	475	28.8	27.3	30.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	210	140	70	6.5	8.4	4.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	95	55	45	2.9	3.3	2.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	115	85	30	3.6	5.1	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	690	310	385	21.4	18.6	24.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	15	20	0.9	0.9	1.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	250	75	175	7.8	4.5	11.2
Bachelor's degree	180	70	110	5.6	4.2	7.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Master's degree	45	0	40	1.4	0.0	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,290	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,650	1,915	1,735	69.0	71.2	66.7
Education	70	20	50	1.3	0.7	1.9
13. Education	70	20	50	1.3	0.7	1.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Humanities	80	40	45	1.5	1.5	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
54. History	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	170	55	120	3.2	2.0	4.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	65	1.2	0.0	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	30	0.7	0.4	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
45. Social sciences	35	25	15	0.7	0.9	0.6
Business, management and public administration	225	50	175	4.3	1.9	6.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	30	0.6	0.0	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	195	50	140	3.7	1.9	5.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	15	0.6	0.7	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	415	395	15	7.8	14.7	0.6
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	85	80	10	1.6	3.0	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	95	95	0	1.8	3.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	180	180	0	3.4	6.7	0.0
48. Precision production	35	35	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	60	60	2.4	2.2	2.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	85	30	55	1.6	1.1	2.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	25	10	0.7	0.9	0.4
Health and related fields	315	40	280	6.0	1.5	10.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	305	35	275	5.8	1.3	10.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	145	65	75	2.7	2.4	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	80	10	70	1.5	0.4	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,225	1,660	1,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,045	1,125	915	63.4	67.8	58.5
Education	50	10	35	1.6	0.6	2.2
13. Education	50	10	35	1.6	0.6	2.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Humanities	50	30	25	1.6	1.8	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	35	105	4.5	2.1	6.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	60	2.0	0.0	3.8
22. Legal professions and studies	30	10	20	0.9	0.6	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
45. Social sciences	25	10	10	0.8	0.6	0.6
Business, management and public administration	150	30	120	4.7	1.8	7.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25	0.8	0.0	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	125	30	95	3.9	1.8	6.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	0	15	0.5	0.0	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	10	0.6	0.9	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	10	0.6	0.9	0.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	280	270	0	8.7	16.3	0.0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	60	0	2.0	3.6	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	45	45	0	1.4	2.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	130	0	4.2	7.8	0.0
48. Precision production	20	20	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	55	55	3.4	3.3	3.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75	25	50	2.3	1.5	3.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	25	10	1.1	1.5	0.6
Health and related fields	240	30	215	7.4	1.8	13.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	230	25	210	7.1	1.5	13.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	105	50	55	3.3	3.0	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	0	50	1.7	0.0	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,225	1,660	1,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,045	1,125	915	63.4	67.8	58.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,180	535	645	36.6	32.2	41.2
Location of study inside Canada	1,100	515	580	34.1	31.0	37.1
Same as province or territory of residence	1,055	500	555	32.7	30.1	35.5
Different than province or territory of residence	45	20	25	1.4	1.2	1.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	80	15	65	2.5	0.9	4.2
Americas	45	0	40	1.4	0.0	2.6
United States of America	35	0	35	1.1	0.0	2.2
Mexico	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	10	15	0.8	0.6	1.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,285	2,690	2,600	...	...	...
In the labour force	3,215	1,870	1,345	...	...	...
Employed	2,870	1,750	1,125	...	...	...
Unemployed	340	120	220	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,075	820	1,255	...	...	...
Participation rate	60.8	69.5	51.7	60.8	69.5	51.7
Employment rate	54.3	65.1	43.3	54.3	65.1	43.3
Unemployment rate	10.6	6.4	16.4	10.6	6.4	16.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,290	2,690	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,105	815	1,295	39.8	30.3	49.8
Worked	3,185	1,875	1,310	60.2	69.7	50.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,640	1,085	555	31.0	40.3	21.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,545	790	750	29.2	29.4	28.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.7	40.3	41.7	42.7	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,215	1,865	1,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	0	45	1.7	0.0	3.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,160	1,865	1,300	98.3	100.0	96.3
Employee	2,440	1,380	1,060	75.9	74.0	78.5
Permanent position	2,040	1,185	855	63.5	63.5	63.3
Temporary position	390	195	200	12.1	10.5	14.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	65	35	30	2.0	1.9	2.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	325	160	165	10.1	8.6	12.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	730	485	245	22.7	26.0	18.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,215	1,865	1,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	0	45	1.7	0.0	3.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,160	1,865	1,300	98.3	100.0	96.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0	0.5	0.5	0.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	285	85	205	8.9	4.6	15.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	85	15	3.0	4.6	1.1
3 Health occupations	120	15	105	3.7	0.8	7.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	190	30	155	5.9	1.6	11.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	15	0.8	0.5	1.1
6 Sales and service occupations	515	170	350	16.0	9.1	25.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,105	1,000	105	34.4	53.6	7.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	325	180	140	10.1	9.7	10.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	495	280	210	15.4	15.0	15.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,215	1,865	1,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	0	45	1.7	0.0	3.3
All industries¹⁹¹	3,160	1,865	1,300	98.3	100.0	96.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	310	170	140	9.6	9.1	10.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
23 Construction	540	465	75	16.8	24.9	5.6
31-33 Manufacturing	835	570	265	26.0	30.6	19.6
41 Wholesale trade	90	70	20	2.8	3.8	1.5
44-45 Retail trade	230	100	125	7.2	5.4	9.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	175	125	55	5.4	6.7	4.1
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	35	0	35	1.1	0.0	2.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	95	40	60	3.0	2.1	4.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	120	65	55	3.7	3.5	4.1
61 Educational services	145	25	120	4.5	1.3	8.9
62 Health care and social assistance	170	25	150	5.3	1.3	11.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	30	15	1.4	1.6	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	115	50	65	3.6	2.7	4.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	165	95	65	5.1	5.1	4.8
91 Public administration	60	25	30	1.9	1.3	2.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,540	2,030	1,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,300	1,875	1,430	93.2	92.4	94.7
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	50	45	0	1.4	2.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	45	0	1.4	2.2	0.0
English and French	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	175	110	65	4.9	5.4	4.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,540	2,030	1,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	3,530	2,025	1,510	99.7	99.8	100.0
Official languages	3,410	1,935	1,475	96.3	95.3	97.7
English	3,400	1,930	1,475	96.0	95.1	97.7
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	125	90	35	3.5	4.4	2.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	125	90	35	3.5	4.4	2.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	125	90	35	3.5	4.4	2.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	80	35	3.4	3.9	2.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	20	15	1.0	1.0	1.0
German	35	20	15	1.0	1.0	1.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	85	60	25	2.4	3.0	1.7
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	80	55	25	2.3	2.7	1.7
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,540	2,030	1,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	3,365	1,930	1,435	95.1	95.1	95.0
English	75	45	30	2.1	2.2	2.0
French	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Non-official language	90	50	35	2.5	2.5	2.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	90	50	35	2.5	2.5	2.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,875	1,750	1,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	475	210	265	16.5	12.0	23.6
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
No fixed workplace address	600	535	65	20.9	30.6	5.8
Usual place of work	1,790	990	800	62.3	56.6	71.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,785	990	795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	280	145	130	15.7	14.6	16.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	500	300	200	28.0	30.3	25.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,005	540	465	56.3	54.5	58.5
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,385	1,525	860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,270	1,470	800	95.2	96.4	93.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,045	1,315	730	85.7	86.2	84.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	230	155	70	9.6	10.2	8.1
Public transit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Walked	85	40	45	3.6	2.6	5.2
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	30	15	10	1.3	1.0	1.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,385	1,525	860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	535	315	220	22.4	20.7	25.6
15 to 29 minutes	855	525	330	35.8	34.4	38.4
30 to 44 minutes	500	310	195	21.0	20.3	22.7
45 to 59 minutes	220	155	65	9.2	10.2	7.6
60 minutes and over	270	220	50	11.3	14.4	5.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,385	1,525	860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	435	335	100	18.2	22.0	11.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	700	500	200	29.4	32.8	23.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	555	340	215	23.3	22.3	25.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	255	125	125	10.7	8.2	14.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	150	60	90	6.3	3.9	10.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	295	160	130	12.4	10.5	15.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,225	1,135	1,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	35	15	15	1.6	1.3	1.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,185	1,120	1,065	98.2	98.7	98.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,640	845	795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	10	1.8	1.8	1.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	0	0.6	0.6	0.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10	1.2	1.2	1.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,615	830	785	98.5	98.2	98.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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