Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Malahide, Township (TP)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,308	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	9,292	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.2	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,178	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,013	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	23.6	...	...	23.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	394.27	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,310	4,760	4,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,180	1,165	1,020	23.4	24.5	22.4
0 to 4 years	635	320	315	6.8	6.7	6.9
5 to 9 years	725	390	335	7.8	8.2	7.4
10 to 14 years	820	455	365	8.8	9.6	8.0
15 to 64 years	5,680	2,855	2,820	61.0	60.0	62.0
15 to 19 years	670	325	345	7.2	6.8	7.6
20 to 24 years	585	310	275	6.3	6.5	6.0
25 to 29 years	470	225	240	5.0	4.7	5.3
30 to 34 years	495	235	260	5.3	4.9	5.7
35 to 39 years	555	280	270	6.0	5.9	5.9
40 to 44 years	540	275	270	5.8	5.8	5.9
45 to 49 years	535	280	255	5.7	5.9	5.6
50 to 54 years	585	275	310	6.3	5.8	6.8
55 to 59 years	670	355	320	7.2	7.5	7.0
60 to 64 years	580	300	280	6.2	6.3	6.2
65 years and over	1,450	735	710	15.6	15.4	15.6
65 to 69 years	505	270	240	5.4	5.7	5.3
70 to 74 years	410	200	210	4.4	4.2	4.6
75 to 79 years	225	120	105	2.4	2.5	2.3
80 to 84 years	150	75	75	1.6	1.6	1.6
85 years and over	145	60	85	1.6	1.3	1.9
85 to 89 years	90	45	50	1.0	0.9	1.1
90 to 94 years	50	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.7
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.4	24.5	22.4	23.4	24.5	22.4
15 to 64 years	61.0	60.0	62.0	61.0	60.0	62.0
65 years and over	15.6	15.4	15.6	15.6	15.4	15.6
85 years and over	1.6	1.3	1.9	1.6	1.3	1.9
Average age of the population	37.9	37.6	38.2	37.9	37.6	38.2
Median age of the population	37.2	36.8	37.6	37.2	36.8	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,835	...	...	94.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	0.7	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	30	...	...	1.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	100	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	505	...	...	16.7	...	...
2 persons	1,095	...	...	36.3	...	...
3 persons	430	...	...	14.3	...	...
4 persons	435	...	...	14.4	...	...
5 or more persons	550	...	...	18.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,185	4,710	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,125	3,595	3,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,665	2,335	2,330	65.5	65.0	66.0
Married	4,165	2,085	2,080	58.5	58.0	58.9
Living common-law	500	250	250	7.0	7.0	7.1
Living common law - Never married	285	150	135	4.0	4.2	3.8
Living common law - Separated	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	150	65	85	2.1	1.8	2.4
Living common law - Widowed	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	2,460	1,260	1,200	34.5	35.0	34.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,740	955	790	24.4	26.6	22.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	145	80	65	2.0	2.2	1.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	250	130	125	3.5	3.6	3.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	320	95	225	4.5	2.6	6.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,515	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,160	...	...	46.1	...	...
3 persons	440	...	...	17.5	...	...
4 persons	420	...	...	16.7	...	...
5 or more persons	495	...	...	19.7	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,515	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,295	...	...	91.3	...	...
Married couples	2,050	...	...	81.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,165	...	...	46.3	...	...
Without children	875	...	...	34.8	...	...
Common-law couples	250	...	...	9.9	...	...
With children⁶	105	...	...	4.2	...	...
Without children	145	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	220	...	...	8.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	155	...	...	6.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	70	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,185	4,710	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,430	4,290	4,140	91.8	91.1	92.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,595	2,295	2,295	50.0	48.7	51.3
Parents in one-parent families	215	65	150	2.3	1.4	3.4
Children⁶	3,620	1,930	1,690	39.4	41.0	37.8
In a two-parent family	3,275	1,730	1,545	35.7	36.7	34.5
In a one-parent family	345	200	140	3.8	4.2	3.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	755	415	335	8.2	8.8	7.5
Living alone	510	300	205	5.6	6.4	4.6
Living with other relatives⁷	115	50	65	1.3	1.1	1.5
Living with non-relatives only	130	70	60	1.4	1.5	1.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,290	...	...	76.0	...	...
Couple-family households	2,125	...	...	70.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,185	...	...	39.3	...	...
Without children	945	...	...	31.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	165	...	...	5.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	80	...	...	2.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	60	...	...	2.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	60	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	510	...	...	16.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,005	3,545	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,780	3,440	3,340	96.8	97.0	96.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	49,600	33,200	40,800	49,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,790	3,445	3,345	96.9	97.2	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	44,000	31,000	36,800	44,000	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,180	3,245	2,940	88.2	91.5	85.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	45,200	25,000	35,200	45,200	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,320	2,890	2,430	75.9	81.5	70.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	43,200	23,800	33,200	43,200	23,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,925	2,990	2,935	84.6	84.3	84.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	4,440	9,500	7,000	4,440	9,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	555	245	310	7.9	6.9	9.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	6,000	5,160	5,480	6,000	5,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,425	715	710	20.3	20.2	20.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,500	6,000	6,000	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,000	3,600	3,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,735	3,465	3,265	96.2	96.3	95.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,840	57,200	39,960	48,840	57,200	39,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,745	3,465	3,275	96.4	96.3	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,840	48,160	35,120	41,840	48,160	35,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,185	3,330	2,855	88.4	92.5	83.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	52,650	33,960	44,000	52,650	33,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,320	2,960	2,360	76.0	82.2	69.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,960	48,720	31,280	40,960	48,720	31,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,930	3,045	2,880	84.7	84.6	84.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,610	7,650	11,690	9,610	7,650	11,690
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	515	235	280	7.4	6.5	8.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,760	6,120	7,300	6,760	6,120	7,300
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,460	755	700	20.9	21.0	20.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,390	6,940	7,880	7,390	6,940	7,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,005	3,600	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,565	1,705	860	36.6	47.4	25.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,200	60,400	46,400	55,200	60,400	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,900	64,900	52,900	60,900	64,900	52,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,110	960	1,150	30.1	26.7	33.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	24,600	15,100	18,000	24,600	15,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800	31,100	21,400	25,800	31,100	21,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.6	88.2	74.2	82.6	88.2	74.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.2	72.6	56.5	66.2	72.6	56.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.3	11.7	25.8	17.3	11.7	25.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.6	1.1	0.7	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.1	3.1	5.5	4.1	3.1	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.3	2.6	4.2	3.3	2.6	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,000	3,545	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	225	105	115	3.2	3.0	3.3
With total income	6,775	3,435	3,340	96.8	96.9	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	635	235	405	9.4	6.8	12.1
$10,000 to $19,999	880	345	535	13.0	10.0	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	965	395	575	14.2	11.5	17.2
$30,000 to $39,999	850	380	470	12.5	11.1	14.1
$40,000 to $49,999	785	400	390	11.6	11.6	11.7
$50,000 to $59,999	700	375	325	10.3	10.9	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	580	370	215	8.6	10.8	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	390	260	130	5.8	7.6	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	270	175	95	4.0	5.1	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	220	155	60	3.2	4.5	1.8
$100,000 and over	505	350	150	7.5	10.2	4.5
$100,000 to $149,999	390	265	120	5.8	7.7	3.6
$150,000 and over	110	85	25	1.6	2.5	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,000	3,545	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	210	105	110	3.0	3.0	3.2
With after-tax income	6,790	3,440	3,350	97.0	97.0	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	670	245	420	9.9	7.1	12.5
$10,000 to $19,999	910	355	560	13.4	10.3	16.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,105	455	650	16.3	13.2	19.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,010	465	545	14.9	13.5	16.3
$40,000 to $49,999	935	520	415	13.8	15.1	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	780	470	315	11.5	13.7	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	510	335	175	7.5	9.7	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	315	220	100	4.6	6.4	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	230	150	75	3.4	4.4	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	120	75	45	1.8	2.2	1.3
$100,000 and over	200	150	50	2.9	4.4	1.5
$100,000 to $124,999	120	90	35	1.8	2.6	1.0
$125,000 and over	80	60	20	1.2	1.7	0.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,000	3,545	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,685	655	1,025	24.1	18.5	29.7
With employment income	5,320	2,890	2,430	76.0	81.5	70.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	785	370	415	14.8	12.8	17.1
$5,000 to $9,999	450	170	275	8.5	5.9	11.3
$10,000 to $19,999	700	290	405	13.2	10.0	16.7
$20,000 to $29,999	560	260	300	10.5	9.0	12.3
$30,000 to $39,999	510	255	255	9.6	8.8	10.5
$40,000 to $49,999	515	290	220	9.7	10.0	9.1
$50,000 to $59,999	425	280	150	8.0	9.7	6.2
$60,000 to $69,999	385	270	120	7.2	9.3	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	265	180	85	5.0	6.2	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	190	140	50	3.6	4.8	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	170	125	45	3.2	4.3	1.9
$100,000 and over	375	260	110	7.0	9.0	4.5
$100,000 to $124,999	235	155	75	4.4	5.4	3.1
$125,000 and over	135	100	35	2.5	3.5	1.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,005	3,545	3,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,580	3,345	3,240	93.9	94.4	93.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	48,400	30,600	39,600	48,400	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,580	3,345	3,240	93.9	94.4	93.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,800	28,800	36,000	42,800	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,965	3,150	2,815	85.2	88.9	81.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	46,800	26,000	36,400	46,800	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,140	2,800	2,335	73.4	79.0	67.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	45,600	25,600	35,200	45,600	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,680	2,865	2,810	81.1	80.8	81.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,820	1,040	6,200	2,820	1,040	6,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	540	225	310	7.7	6.3	9.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	4,440	5,520	5,000	4,440	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,000	3,600	3,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,575	3,390	3,185	93.9	94.2	93.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,120	56,100	39,640	48,120	56,100	39,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,575	3,390	3,185	93.9	94.2	93.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,640	33,800	40,400	46,640	33,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,015	3,240	2,780	85.9	90.0	81.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,800	53,900	36,440	45,800	53,900	36,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,150	2,885	2,270	73.6	80.1	66.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,280	49,200	35,840	43,280	49,200	35,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,695	2,955	2,740	81.4	82.1	80.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,130	5,265	9,140	7,130	5,265	9,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	485	200	285	6.9	5.6	8.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,560	6,120	6,850	6,560	6,120	6,850
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,005	3,600	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,540	1,685	855	36.3	46.8	25.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,400	58,400	47,200	54,400	58,400	47,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,350	62,750	58,500	61,350	62,750	58,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,895	875	1,025	27.1	24.3	30.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	25,000	21,400	22,600	25,000	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,640	34,500	25,480	29,640	34,500	25,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.2	91.8	80.2	87.2	91.8	80.2
Employment income (%)	70.4	74.6	64.2	70.4	74.6	64.2
Government transfers (%)	12.8	8.2	19.8	12.8	8.2	19.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.5	1.0	0.7	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,015	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	510	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	42,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,510	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	109,200	...	...	109,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	93,600	...	...	93,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,600	...	...	50,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,200	...	...	44,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,100	...	...	121,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,600	...	...	103,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	75	...	...	2.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	75	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	95	...	...	3.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	3.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	195	...	...	6.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	200	...	...	6.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	230	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	205	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	190	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,415	...	...	46.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	450	...	...	14.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	340	...	...	11.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	365	...	...	12.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	260	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	2.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	80	...	...	2.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...	3.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...	3.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	3.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	230	...	...	7.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	275	...	...	9.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	245	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	255	...	...	8.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	230	...	...	7.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,120	...	...	37.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	455	...	...	15.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	290	...	...	9.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	375	...	...	12.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,470	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	955	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,275	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	635	370	265	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	46,400	34,800	40,800	46,400	34,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	41,600	32,400	37,200	41,600	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,465	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,700	...	...	120,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,300	...	...	103,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,400	...	...	102,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,270	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,200	...	...	139,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,800	...	...	119,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	640	360	280	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,200	51,800	45,600	49,200	51,800	45,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,900	44,800	40,800	42,900	44,800	40,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,185	4,710	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,585	1,370	1,215	28.1	29.1	27.2
0 to 5 years	785	405	380	8.5	8.6	8.5
18 to 64 years	5,250	2,645	2,610	57.2	56.2	58.3
65 years and over	1,345	700	645	14.6	14.9	14.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	910	455	450	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	325	175	140	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	95	55	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	430	205	225	...	...	...
65 years and over	155	75	85	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.9	9.6	10.1	9.9	9.6	10.1
0 to 17 years (%)	12.4	13.0	11.8	12.4	13.0	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	12.6	14.0	11.2	12.6	14.0	11.2
18 to 64 years (%)	8.2	7.7	8.7	8.2	7.7	8.7
65 years and over (%)	11.6	10.4	12.8	11.6	10.4	12.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,185	4,710	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,585	1,365	1,220	28.1	29.0	27.3
0 to 5 years	785	405	380	8.5	8.6	8.5
18 to 64 years	5,255	2,645	2,610	57.2	56.2	58.3
65 years and over	1,340	695	650	14.6	14.8	14.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	235	125	115	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	85	45	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	20	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	125	65	65	...	...	...
65 years and over	25	10	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	4.5	2.5	3.6	4.5	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.5
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.7	1.8	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,185	4,710	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	4,845	2,455	2,395	52.7	52.1	53.5
In bottom decile	760	395	370	8.3	8.4	8.3
In second decile	885	435	450	9.6	9.2	10.1
In third decile	1,165	595	570	12.7	12.6	12.7
In fourth decile	980	490	490	10.7	10.4	10.9
In fifth decile	1,055	535	515	11.5	11.4	11.5
In top half of the distribution	4,335	2,260	2,080	47.2	48.0	46.5
In sixth decile	945	480	460	10.3	10.2	10.3
In seventh decile	1,035	535	500	11.3	11.4	11.2
In eighth decile	915	485	430	10.0	10.3	9.6
In ninth decile	870	455	415	9.5	9.7	9.3
In top decile	575	300	275	6.3	6.4	6.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,185	...	...	9,185	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.293	...	...	0.293	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.386	...	...	0.386	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.262	...	...	0.262	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,185	4,715	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	8,840	4,565	4,275	96.2	96.8	95.5
French only	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	180	70	115	2.0	1.5	2.6
Neither English nor French	165	75	85	1.8	1.6	1.9
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,185	4,715	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,985	4,610	4,375	97.8	97.8	97.8
French	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
English and French	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Neither English nor French	155	80	75	1.7	1.7	1.7
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,185	4,715	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,005	4,620	4,385	98.0	98.0	98.0
Official languages	6,565	3,385	3,180	71.5	71.8	71.1
English	6,520	3,365	3,160	71.0	71.4	70.6
French	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
Non-official languages	2,440	1,240	1,205	26.6	26.3	26.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,440	1,240	1,205	26.6	26.3	26.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,415	1,230	1,185	26.3	26.1	26.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	2,325	1,175	1,150	25.3	24.9	25.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	1,330	660	675	14.5	14.0	15.1
German	1,225	595	630	13.3	12.6	14.1
Pennsylvania German	105	65	40	1.1	1.4	0.9
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	985	520	470	10.7	11.0	10.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	125	75	55	1.4	1.6	1.2
Low German, n.o.s.	100	55	45	1.1	1.2	1.0
Low Saxon	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Plautdietsch	705	355	350	7.7	7.5	7.8
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	35	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	30	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	185	95	95	2.0	2.0	2.1
English and French	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	140	70	70	1.5	1.5	1.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,185	4,715	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,225	3,720	3,510	78.7	78.9	78.4
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	840	420	415	9.1	8.9	9.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	840	420	415	9.1	8.9	9.3
English and French	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	1,065	540	525	11.6	11.5	11.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,185	4,715	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,075	4,660	4,420	98.8	98.8	98.8
Official languages	7,855	4,045	3,805	85.5	85.8	85.0
English	7,850	4,040	3,805	85.5	85.7	85.0
French	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	1,225	615	610	13.3	13.0	13.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,225	615	610	13.3	13.0	13.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,215	605	600	13.2	12.8	13.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	1,180	590	595	12.8	12.5	13.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	790	395	395	8.6	8.4	8.8
German	705	345	355	7.7	7.3	7.9
Pennsylvania German	90	50	40	1.0	1.1	0.9
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	390	190	195	4.2	4.0	4.4
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.6
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	310	160	155	3.4	3.4	3.5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	20	5	0.3	0.4	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	15	5	0.3	0.3	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	110	50	60	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and French	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	105	50	55	1.1	1.1	1.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,185	4,710	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,165	4,190	3,980	88.9	89.0	88.9
English	335	165	165	3.6	3.5	3.7
French	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-official language	575	295	280	6.3	6.3	6.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	575	295	280	6.3	6.3	6.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,185	4,765	4,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	9,015	4,680	4,335	98.1	98.2	98.2
English	9,000	4,670	4,335	98.0	98.0	98.2
French	185	80	100	2.0	1.7	2.3
Non-official languages	2,935	1,515	1,420	32.0	31.8	32.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,935	1,515	1,420	32.0	31.8	32.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,880	1,495	1,385	31.4	31.4	31.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.7
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	2,775	1,440	1,330	30.2	30.2	30.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	1,750	895	850	19.1	18.8	19.3
German	1,660	850	815	18.1	17.8	18.5
Pennsylvania German	85	50	35	0.9	1.0	0.8
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	1,115	590	525	12.1	12.4	11.9
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	135	75	60	1.5	1.6	1.4
Low German, n.o.s.	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Low Saxon	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Plautdietsch	920	480	440	10.0	10.1	10.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	270	195	80	2.9	4.1	1.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	260	185	70	2.8	3.9	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,185	4,765	4,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	65	20	45	0.7	0.4	1.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	65	20	45	0.7	0.4	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.7
Métis	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	9,120	4,745	4,380	99.3	99.6	99.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,185	4,765	4,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,175	4,760	4,415	99.9	99.9	99.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	2,630	...	...	87.2	...	...
Renter	385	...	...	12.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	25	...	...	0.8	...	...
Not condominium	2,990	...	...	99.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	85	...	...	2.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	460	...	...	15.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,255	...	...	41.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,210	...	...	40.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	230	...	...	7.6	...	...
5 rooms	375	...	...	12.4	...	...
6 rooms	450	...	...	14.9	...	...
7 rooms	485	...	...	16.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,470	...	...	48.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,950	...	...	97.8	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,875	...	...	95.4	...	...
Not suitable	135	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	965	...	...	32.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	825	...	...	27.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	405	...	...	13.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	270	...	...	9.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	150	...	...	5.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	110	...	...	3.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	140	...	...	4.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	150	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,860	...	...	94.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	155	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,335	...	...	44.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,540	...	...	51.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	135	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	1.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	330	...	...	10.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	535	...	...	17.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	580	...	...	19.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	705	...	...	23.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	505	...	...	16.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	245	...	...	8.1	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,410	...	...	86.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	365	...	...	13.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	345	...	...	12.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	615	...	...	20.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	325	...	...	10.8	...	...
Not suitable only	130	...	...	4.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	110	...	...	3.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,400	...	...	79.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	60	...	...	2.2	...	...
Not in core need	2,695	...	...	97.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,405	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.1	...	...	61.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.0	...	...	11.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,240	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,358	...	...	1,358	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	576,000	...	...	576,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	606,000	...	...	606,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	370	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.0	...	...	27.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,060	...	...	1,060	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,044	...	...	1,044	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,185	4,765	4,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	95	40	55	1.0	0.8	1.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	95	40	50	1.0	0.8	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	9,060	4,705	4,350	98.6	98.7	98.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,185	4,765	4,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,045	4,700	4,345	98.5	98.6	98.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,575	1,395	1,180	28.0	29.3	26.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,470	3,310	3,165	70.4	69.5	71.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	135	65	70	1.5	1.4	1.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,185	4,765	4,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	7,680	3,980	3,700	83.6	83.5	83.7
Immigrants⁸¹	1,495	780	715	16.3	16.4	16.2
Before 1980	505	295	210	5.5	6.2	4.8
1980 to 1990	270	125	145	2.9	2.6	3.3
1991 to 2000	200	90	110	2.2	1.9	2.5
2001 to 2010	225	125	100	2.4	2.6	2.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	295	140	150	3.2	2.9	3.4
2011 to 2015	185	100	90	2.0	2.1	2.0
2016 to 2021	105	45	60	1.1	0.9	1.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,495	780	710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	300	160	140	20.1	20.5	19.7
5 to 14 years	505	260	245	33.8	33.3	34.5
15 to 24 years	340	185	160	22.7	23.7	22.5
25 to 44 years	315	165	145	21.1	21.2	20.4
45 years and over	30	15	20	2.0	1.9	2.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,495	780	710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,110	560	550	74.2	71.8	77.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	970	475	490	64.9	60.9	69.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	60	35	25	4.0	4.5	3.5
Other places of birth in Americas	75	45	30	5.0	5.8	4.2
Europe	335	200	130	22.4	25.6	18.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	60	25	35	4.0	3.2	4.9
Greece	10	10	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
Netherlands	110	65	50	7.4	8.3	7.0
Poland	10	10	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65	45	25	4.3	5.8	3.5
Other places of birth in Europe	55	25	25	3.7	3.2	3.5
Africa	25	15	15	1.7	1.9	2.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.4
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	1.0	1.3	1.4
Asia	20	0	20	1.3	0.0	2.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	105	45	65	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	40	35	71.4	88.9	53.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	65	40	30	61.9	88.9	46.2
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	0	15	19.0	0.0	23.1
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	15	14.3	0.0	23.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	14.3	0.0	23.1
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,185	4,765	4,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,850	980	870	20.1	20.6	19.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,740	1,395	1,340	29.8	29.3	30.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	4,595	2,395	2,205	50.0	50.3	49.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	985	480	505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	290	135	150	29.4	28.1	29.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	45	35	10	4.6	7.3	2.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	245	105	140	24.9	21.9	27.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	545	275	275	55.3	57.3	54.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	115	65	45	11.7	13.5	8.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	30	10	25	3.0	2.1	5.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	985	480	505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	45	25	20	4.6	5.2	4.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	105	85	20	10.7	17.7	4.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	15	10	2.5	3.1	2.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	10	65	7.1	2.1	12.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	75	40	30	7.6	8.3	5.9
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	660	310	350	67.0	64.6	69.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,185	4,765	4,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	155	70	85	1.7	1.5	1.9
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black	90	50	40	1.0	1.0	0.9
Filipino	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,030	4,695	4,335	98.3	98.5	98.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,185	4,765	4,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,800	905	895	19.6	19.0	20.2
English	1,930	970	955	21.0	20.4	21.6
Irish	1,090	550	545	11.9	11.5	12.3
Scottish	1,240	620	620	13.5	13.0	14.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	335	145	195	3.6	3.0	4.4
German	1,700	895	800	18.5	18.8	18.1
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	125	70	55	1.4	1.5	1.2
Indian (India)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	140	70	70	1.5	1.5	1.6
Dutch	1,145	675	470	12.5	14.2	10.6
Polish	180	80	100	2.0	1.7	2.3
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	255	125	125	2.8	2.6	2.8
Filipino	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
French Canadian	45	10	30	0.5	0.2	0.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	65	35	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Métis	50	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	140	70	70	1.5	1.5	1.6
Russian	435	235	200	4.7	4.9	4.5
Norwegian	50	30	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Welsh	140	70	75	1.5	1.5	1.7
Portuguese	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
American	60	35	25	0.7	0.7	0.6
Spanish	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Swedish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	210	85	125	2.3	1.8	2.8
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	100	50	45	1.1	1.0	1.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	85	40	40	0.9	0.8	0.9
Danish	50	35	20	0.5	0.7	0.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	50	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.6
Belgian	285	155	125	3.1	3.3	2.8
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	940	490	450	10.2	10.3	10.2
Mennonite	1,375	755	620	15.0	15.8	14.0
Swiss	330	170	160	3.6	3.6	3.6
Finnish	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Syrian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	40	25	20	0.4	0.5	0.5
Ojibway	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	60	35	25	0.7	0.7	0.6
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	45	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.8
South African	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,185	4,765	4,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	6,945	3,540	3,405	75.6	74.3	77.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,640	1,400	1,240	28.7	29.4	28.1
Anabaptist	1,080	565	515	11.8	11.9	11.7
Anglican	150	70	75	1.6	1.5	1.7
Baptist	335	160	175	3.6	3.4	4.0
Catholic	1,025	505	520	11.2	10.6	11.8
Christian Orthodox	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	135	65	70	1.5	1.4	1.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65	35	25	0.7	0.7	0.6
Presbyterian	120	60	60	1.3	1.3	1.4
Reformed	205	105	95	2.2	2.2	2.1
United Church	800	385	415	8.7	8.1	9.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	355	175	180	3.9	3.7	4.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	15	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
No religion and secular perspectives	2,210	1,210	1,000	24.1	25.4	22.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,050	4,700	4,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,180	4,270	3,910	90.4	90.9	89.8
Movers	875	430	445	9.7	9.1	10.2
Non-migrants	355	185	165	3.9	3.9	3.8
Migrants	520	240	280	5.7	5.1	6.4
Internal migrants	455	220	240	5.0	4.7	5.5
Intraprovincial migrants	400	195	205	4.4	4.1	4.7
Interprovincial migrants	55	25	30	0.6	0.5	0.7
External migrants	60	20	40	0.7	0.4	0.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,545	4,470	4,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,745	3,015	2,735	67.2	67.4	67.1
Movers	2,800	1,460	1,345	32.8	32.7	33.0
Non-migrants	590	325	265	6.9	7.3	6.5
Migrants	2,215	1,135	1,080	25.9	25.4	26.5
Internal migrants	2,040	1,050	990	23.9	23.5	24.3
Intraprovincial migrants	1,935	995	940	22.6	22.3	23.1
Interprovincial migrants	110	55	55	1.3	1.2	1.3
External migrants	175	85	90	2.0	1.9	2.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,005	3,600	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,370	1,365	1,005	33.8	37.9	29.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,630	2,235	2,395	66.1	62.1	70.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,425	2,260	2,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,200	720	480	27.1	31.9	22.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,225	1,540	1,690	72.9	68.1	78.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,000	3,600	3,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,230	1,275	960	31.9	35.4	28.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,115	1,085	1,025	30.2	30.1	30.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,660	1,240	1,415	38.0	34.4	41.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,035	1,000	1,040	29.1	27.8	30.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	455	380	75	6.5	10.6	2.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	175	135	40	2.5	3.8	1.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	280	245	35	4.0	6.8	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,515	590	930	21.6	16.4	27.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	35	25	0.9	1.0	0.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	625	240	375	8.9	6.7	11.0
Bachelor's degree	450	175	280	6.4	4.9	8.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	10	25	0.5	0.3	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Master's degree	95	40	60	1.4	1.1	1.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,430	2,260	2,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,130	675	455	25.5	29.9	21.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,285	665	625	29.0	29.4	28.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,010	925	1,090	45.4	40.9	50.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,535	755	785	34.7	33.4	36.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	335	270	60	7.6	11.9	2.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	115	90	20	2.6	4.0	0.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	215	180	35	4.9	8.0	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,150	445	705	26.0	19.7	32.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	35	20	1.2	1.5	0.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	475	165	305	10.7	7.3	14.1
Bachelor's degree	350	115	235	7.9	5.1	10.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	0	20	0.7	0.0	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Master's degree	80	30	45	1.8	1.3	2.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,000	3,600	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,345	2,355	1,985	62.1	65.4	58.4
Education	110	20	90	1.6	0.6	2.6
13. Education	110	20	90	1.6	0.6	2.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	20	40	0.9	0.6	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	20	40	0.9	0.6	1.2
Humanities	95	30	65	1.4	0.8	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	200	40	165	2.9	1.1	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	70	1.0	0.0	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
45. Social sciences	90	40	50	1.3	1.1	1.5
Business, management and public administration	505	150	360	7.2	4.2	10.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	0	60	0.9	0.0	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	445	150	295	6.4	4.2	8.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	35	40	1.1	1.0	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	50	30	1.1	1.4	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	0	0.7	1.1	0.0
25. Library science	25	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	640	610	30	9.1	16.9	0.9
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	50	45	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	105	95	0	1.5	2.6	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	100	95	0	1.4	2.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	295	285	0	4.2	7.9	0.0
48. Precision production	95	90	0	1.4	2.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	235	155	75	3.4	4.3	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	195	135	65	2.8	3.8	1.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
Health and related fields	445	35	410	6.4	1.0	12.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	410	20	390	5.9	0.6	11.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	215	110	100	3.1	3.1	2.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	85	10	75	1.2	0.3	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	60	35	30	0.9	1.0	0.9
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	65	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,425	2,260	2,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,420	1,340	1,080	54.7	59.3	49.9
Education	95	25	75	2.1	1.1	3.5
13. Education	95	25	75	2.1	1.1	3.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	10	35	1.0	0.4	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	10	35	1.0	0.4	1.6
Humanities	70	25	45	1.6	1.1	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.5
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150	15	135	3.4	0.7	6.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	60	1.4	0.0	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
45. Social sciences	60	15	45	1.4	0.7	2.1
Business, management and public administration	390	115	270	8.8	5.1	12.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	0	50	1.1	0.0	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	330	115	215	7.5	5.1	9.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	20	25	1.0	0.9	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	25	20	0.9	1.1	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
25. Library science	20	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	510	475	30	11.5	21.0	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	40	30	10	0.9	1.3	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	90	80	10	2.0	3.5	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	85	75	0	1.9	3.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	235	230	0	5.3	10.2	0.0
48. Precision production	55	55	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	90	50	3.2	4.0	2.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	120	80	40	2.7	3.5	1.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
Health and related fields	340	25	315	7.7	1.1	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	15	20	0.8	0.7	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	310	15	295	7.0	0.7	13.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	185	95	90	4.2	4.2	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	70	10	65	1.6	0.4	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	30	25	1.2	1.3	1.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	55	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,425	2,260	2,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,420	1,340	1,080	54.7	59.3	49.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,010	920	1,090	45.4	40.7	50.3
Location of study inside Canada	1,915	870	1,045	43.3	38.5	48.3
Same as province or territory of residence	1,855	860	1,000	41.9	38.1	46.2
Different than province or territory of residence	60	15	45	1.4	0.7	2.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	100	50	45	2.3	2.2	2.1
Americas	35	20	15	0.8	0.9	0.7
United States of America	30	15	15	0.7	0.7	0.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	35	25	10	0.8	1.1	0.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	25	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.7
Australia	25	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.7
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,000	3,600	3,405	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,760	2,785	1,980	...	...	...
Employed	4,400	2,600	1,795	...	...	...
Unemployed	365	185	180	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,240	815	1,425	...	...	...
Participation rate	68.0	77.4	58.1	68.0	77.4	58.1
Employment rate	62.9	72.2	52.7	62.9	72.2	52.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	6.6	9.1	7.7	6.6	9.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,000	3,600	3,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,055	800	1,260	29.4	22.2	37.1
Worked	4,945	2,800	2,145	70.6	77.8	63.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,695	1,785	915	38.5	49.6	26.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,245	1,015	1,235	32.1	28.2	36.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	44.6	39.1	42.2	44.6	39.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,760	2,785	1,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	35	1.4	1.3	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,700	2,755	1,950	98.7	98.9	98.5
Employee	3,540	2,020	1,520	74.4	72.5	76.8
Permanent position	3,000	1,780	1,225	63.0	63.9	61.9
Temporary position	535	240	295	11.2	8.6	14.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	150	65	90	3.2	2.3	4.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	380	180	205	8.0	6.5	10.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,160	735	430	24.4	26.4	21.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,760	2,785	1,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	35	1.4	1.3	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,700	2,755	1,950	98.7	98.9	98.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	30	15	10	0.6	0.5	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	600	140	465	12.6	5.0	23.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	125	105	20	2.6	3.8	1.0
3 Health occupations	240	20	215	5.0	0.7	10.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	245	60	190	5.1	2.2	9.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	15	35	1.1	0.5	1.8
6 Sales and service occupations	835	315	515	17.5	11.3	26.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,545	1,405	140	32.5	50.4	7.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	585	395	190	12.3	14.2	9.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	445	280	165	9.3	10.1	8.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,760	2,785	1,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	35	1.4	1.3	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	4,700	2,755	1,950	98.7	98.9	98.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	615	370	245	12.9	13.3	12.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
22 Utilities	50	45	0	1.1	1.6	0.0
23 Construction	690	585	100	14.5	21.0	5.1
31-33 Manufacturing	845	590	255	17.8	21.2	12.9
41 Wholesale trade	145	100	40	3.0	3.6	2.0
44-45 Retail trade	395	200	190	8.3	7.2	9.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	355	280	80	7.5	10.1	4.0
51 Information and cultural industries	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	90	30	55	1.9	1.1	2.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	55	25	1.6	2.0	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	135	65	75	2.8	2.3	3.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	140	80	55	2.9	2.9	2.8
61 Educational services	215	50	165	4.5	1.8	8.3
62 Health care and social assistance	365	40	330	7.7	1.4	16.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	25	35	1.2	0.9	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	180	60	115	3.8	2.2	5.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	215	125	95	4.5	4.5	4.8
91 Public administration	105	35	70	2.2	1.3	3.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,145	2,915	2,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,630	2,595	2,035	90.0	89.0	91.1
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	245	135	110	4.8	4.6	4.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	245	135	110	4.8	4.6	4.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	265	180	85	5.2	6.2	3.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,145	2,915	2,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,125	2,900	2,220	99.6	99.5	99.3
Official languages	4,790	2,695	2,095	93.1	92.5	93.7
English	4,790	2,695	2,090	93.1	92.5	93.5
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	335	210	130	6.5	7.2	5.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	335	210	130	6.5	7.2	5.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	335	210	130	6.5	7.2	5.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	330	205	130	6.4	7.0	5.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	265	165	95	5.2	5.7	4.3
German	220	145	75	4.3	5.0	3.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	65	35	30	1.3	1.2	1.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	65	35	30	1.3	1.2	1.3
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	0.5	0.3	0.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.5	0.3	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,145	2,915	2,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,905	2,740	2,165	95.3	94.0	96.9
English	90	75	15	1.7	2.6	0.7
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	150	90	55	2.9	3.1	2.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	150	90	55	2.9	3.1	2.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,400	2,600	1,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	790	360	430	18.0	13.8	23.9
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	715	605	105	16.3	23.3	5.8
Usual place of work	2,885	1,625	1,265	65.6	62.5	70.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,885	1,625	1,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	315	160	160	10.9	9.8	12.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,425	745	685	49.4	45.8	54.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,140	715	425	39.5	44.0	33.6
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,600	2,230	1,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,360	2,100	1,260	93.3	94.2	92.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,065	1,915	1,150	85.1	85.9	83.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	300	190	110	8.3	8.5	8.0
Public transit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Walked	120	65	60	3.3	2.9	4.4
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	115	70	55	3.2	3.1	4.0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,600	2,230	1,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,125	655	475	31.3	29.4	34.7
15 to 29 minutes	1,315	790	525	36.5	35.4	38.3
30 to 44 minutes	675	435	240	18.8	19.5	17.5
45 to 59 minutes	265	165	95	7.4	7.4	6.9
60 minutes and over	225	185	40	6.3	8.3	2.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,600	2,230	1,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	470	320	150	13.1	14.3	10.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	990	790	200	27.5	35.4	14.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	985	600	390	27.4	26.9	28.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	570	250	315	15.8	11.2	23.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	210	55	155	5.8	2.5	11.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	380	215	165	10.6	9.6	12.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,635	1,390	1,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	55	50	3.6	4.0	4.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,535	1,335	1,200	96.2	96.0	96.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,945	1,035	905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	45	35	4.1	4.3	3.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	15	20	1.8	1.4	2.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	15	2.1	2.4	1.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,865	995	870	95.9	96.1	96.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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