Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Amherstburg, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	23,524	...	...
Population, 2016¹	21,936	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	7.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,548	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,193	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	128.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	183.76	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	23,525	11,675	11,850
0 to 14 years	3,730	1,935	1,795
0 to 4 years	1,140	615	530
5 to 9 years	1,245	680	565
10 to 14 years	1,340	635	705
15 to 64 years	14,820	7,370	7,450
15 to 19 years	1,400	715	685
20 to 24 years	1,325	745	580
25 to 29 years	1,130	555	575
30 to 34 years	1,260	630	630
35 to 39 years	1,360	650	710
40 to 44 years	1,445	710	740
45 to 49 years	1,485	735	755
50 to 54 years	1,660	780	880
55 to 59 years	1,850	915	935
60 to 64 years	1,915	945	970
65 years and over	4,975	2,370	2,610
65 to 69 years	1,675	815	855
70 to 74 years	1,420	700	715
75 to 79 years	895	435	460
80 to 84 years	510	235	275
85 years and over	480	175	300
85 to 89 years	270	115	155
90 to 94 years	155	50	110
95 to 99 years	55	20	35
100 years and over	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	16.6	15.1
15 to 64 years	63.0	63.1	62.9
65 years and over	21.1	20.3	22.0
85 years and over	2.0	1.5	2.5
Average age of the population	43.4	42.5	44.3
Median age of the population	45.6	44.4	46.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,190	...	...
Single-detached house	7,630	...	...
Semi-detached house	280	...	...
Row house	365	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	90	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	470	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	335	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,195	...	...
1 person	2,055	...	...
2 persons	3,470	...	...
3 persons	1,430	...	...
4 persons	1,470	...	...
5 or more persons	765	...	...
Number of persons in private households	23,300	11,590	11,715
Average household size	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	19,795	9,735	10,055
Married or living common-law	12,485	6,240	6,245
Married	10,805	5,400	5,400
Living common-law	1,680	835	840
Living common law - Never married	1,005	505	495
Living common law - Separated	105	65	40
Living common law - Divorced	515	250	265
Living common law - Widowed	55	15	35
Not married and not living common-law	7,315	3,500	3,815
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,615	2,565	2,045
Not married and not living common law - Separated	450	180	265
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,120	480	640
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,135	275	860
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,145	...	...
2 persons	3,700	...	...
3 persons	1,445	...	...
4 persons	1,405	...	...
5 or more persons	605	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,150	...	...
Total couple families	6,165	...	...
Married couples	5,325	...	...
With children⁶	2,650	...	...
Without children	2,670	...	...
Common-law couples	840	...	...
With children⁶	360	...	...
Without children	480	...	...
Total one-parent families	980	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	730	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	255	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	23,300	11,590	11,710
Total - Persons in census families	20,520	10,325	10,195
Married spouses or common-law partners	12,325	6,155	6,170
Parents in one-parent families	985	255	730
Children⁶	7,210	3,915	3,300
In a two-parent family	5,645	3,035	2,605
In a one-parent family	1,570	880	690
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,775	1,265	1,510
Living alone	2,055	935	1,120
Living with other relatives⁷	405	170	240
Living with non-relatives only	320	165	155
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,195	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,500	...	...
Couple-family households	5,705	...	...
With children⁶	2,795	...	...
Without children	2,910	...	...
One-parent-family households	790	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	230	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	205	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	155	...	...
One-person households	2,055	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	19,575	9,655	9,915
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,920	9,335	9,580
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	54,400	38,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,930	9,345	9,585
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	47,600	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,320	8,760	8,560
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	48,400	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,970	7,440	6,525
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	48,000	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,120	8,385	8,735
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,100	10,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,215	1,105	1,105
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,160	5,080	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,095	2,475	2,615
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	19,570	9,655	9,920
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,895	9,340	9,560
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,750	72,100	47,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,910	9,350	9,565
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,280	57,600	41,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,265	8,695	8,570
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,400	67,600	40,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,945	7,395	6,555
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,080	59,100	42,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,165	8,440	8,730
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,080	10,140	11,980
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,185	1,120	1,065
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,120	5,780	6,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,240	2,585	2,650
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,620	8,070	9,150
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	19,575	9,655	9,915
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,370	3,605	2,765
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	77,000	59,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,100	90,000	67,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,245	2,445	2,805
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,200	25,000	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,160	38,280	26,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2	87.4	77.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	63.1	64.8	60.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.8	12.7	23.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.0	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.4	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.1	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	19,570	9,655	9,915
Without total income	655	320	335
With total income	18,915	9,340	9,580
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,385	530	855
$10,000 to $19,999	1,940	700	1,235
$20,000 to $29,999	2,465	925	1,540
$30,000 to $39,999	2,280	950	1,325
$40,000 to $49,999	2,205	1,090	1,115
$50,000 to $59,999	1,930	1,000	930
$60,000 to $69,999	1,515	790	725
$70,000 to $79,999	1,145	700	445
$80,000 to $89,999	925	595	335
$90,000 to $99,999	780	450	330
$100,000 and over	2,355	1,600	755
$100,000 to $149,999	1,705	1,105	595
$150,000 and over	655	495	155
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	19,570	9,655	9,915
Without after-tax income	640	310	335
With after-tax income	18,925	9,345	9,585
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,465	555	910
$10,000 to $19,999	2,040	735	1,310
$20,000 to $29,999	2,835	1,090	1,745
$30,000 to $39,999	2,715	1,215	1,505
$40,000 to $49,999	2,660	1,380	1,285
$50,000 to $59,999	2,055	1,070	980
$60,000 to $69,999	1,520	960	560
$70,000 to $79,999	1,055	660	390
$80,000 to $89,999	915	505	410
$90,000 to $99,999	525	340	180
$100,000 and over	1,140	830	310
$100,000 to $124,999	575	405	165
$125,000 and over	570	430	145
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	19,570	9,655	9,915
Without employment income	5,605	2,215	3,385
With employment income	13,970	7,445	6,530
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,340	1,310	1,030
$5,000 to $9,999	890	365	530
$10,000 to $19,999	1,495	655	845
$20,000 to $29,999	1,175	500	675
$30,000 to $39,999	1,060	475	580
$40,000 to $49,999	1,155	525	635
$50,000 to $59,999	1,085	565	520
$60,000 to $69,999	850	465	380
$70,000 to $79,999	820	540	280
$80,000 to $89,999	615	405	215
$90,000 to $99,999	715	385	335
$100,000 and over	1,765	1,250	510
$100,000 to $124,999	890	575	315
$125,000 and over	875	675	200
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	19,575	9,655	9,915
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,625	9,185	9,445
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	53,600	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,640	9,180	9,455
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,800	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,180	8,665	8,515
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	50,000	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,100	7,475	6,620
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	50,400	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,270	7,950	8,315
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,360	1,980	6,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,830	920	905
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,440	3,880	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	19,570	9,655	9,920
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,625	9,185	9,440
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,500	72,900	44,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,640	9,185	9,455
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,240	58,200	38,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,245	8,660	8,580
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,750	70,900	40,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,180	7,490	6,690
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,650	62,650	41,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,285	7,945	8,340
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,870	7,020	8,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,775	875	900
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,385	5,380	7,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	19,575	9,655	9,915
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,350	3,605	2,745
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	66,000	74,500	55,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,800	88,800	63,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,025	2,340	2,690
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,800	36,400	24,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,720	49,840	30,920
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.2	91.6	82.8
Employment income (%)	68.4	70.2	66.0
Government transfers (%)	11.8	8.3	17.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,195	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,055	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,140	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,200	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	122,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	101,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,070	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,850	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,135	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	139,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,195	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	230	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	200	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	250	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	310	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	625	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	535	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	640	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	555	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,500	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	950	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,285	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,105	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,195	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	260	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	320	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	360	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	380	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	750	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	675	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	700	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	640	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,680	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,275	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	890	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,515	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,045	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,930	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,045	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	905	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,370	1,095	1,275
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,800	50,800	40,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,400	44,000	37,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,040	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	139,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,935	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,045	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	168,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	900	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	91,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,385	1,155	1,230
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	62,200	76,800	48,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,250	60,900	42,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	23,300	11,585	11,710
0 to 17 years	4,615	2,385	2,230
0 to 5 years	1,370	745	625
18 to 64 years	13,900	6,895	7,005
65 years and over	4,785	2,305	2,480
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,420	620	800
0 to 17 years	335	180	155
0 to 5 years	110	60	45
18 to 64 years	705	315	400
65 years and over	375	130	245
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.1	5.3	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	7.3	7.5	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	7.7	8.0	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	4.5	5.7
65 years and over (%)	7.8	5.5	9.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	23,300	11,590	11,710
0 to 17 years	4,610	2,385	2,225
0 to 5 years	1,370	745	625
18 to 64 years	13,900	6,895	7,005
65 years and over	4,785	2,310	2,480
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	400	210	190
0 to 17 years	105	60	40
0 to 5 years	35	20	15
18 to 64 years	260	130	130
65 years and over	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.7	1.8	1.6
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.6	1.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	2.6	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	1.9	1.9	1.9
65 years and over (%)	0.8	1.0	0.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	23,300	11,590	11,710
In bottom half of the distribution	9,055	4,330	4,725
In bottom decile	1,130	500	630
In second decile	1,530	690	840
In third decile	1,885	890	995
In fourth decile	2,165	1,085	1,085
In fifth decile	2,345	1,160	1,180
In top half of the distribution	14,245	7,260	6,990
In sixth decile	2,610	1,310	1,305
In seventh decile	2,595	1,335	1,265
In eighth decile	3,085	1,560	1,525
In ninth decile	3,015	1,520	1,500
In top decile	2,935	1,535	1,400
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	23,300	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.302	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.400	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.271	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	23,385	11,615	11,765
English only	20,830	10,490	10,340
French only	5	5	5
English and French	2,485	1,085	1,400
Neither English nor French	60	35	25
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	23,385	11,615	11,765
English	22,820	11,340	11,480
French	480	235	245
English and French	25	10	15
Neither English nor French	55	30	25
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	23,385	11,615	11,765
Single responses	22,995	11,435	11,565
Official languages	21,415	10,660	10,755
English	20,885	10,405	10,480
French	530	260	275
Non-official languages	1,585	775	810
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,580	775	810
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	70	55
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125	65	55
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	90	50	35
Aramaic languages	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	5	25
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0
Tamil	5	0	5
Telugu	5	5	5
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,250	615	630
Albanian	5	0	5
Armenian	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	200	95	110
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	205	95	110
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5
Macedonian	10	5	5
Polish	50	30	25
Russian	25	10	20
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	60	30	30
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10
Serbian	40	20	20
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5
Ukrainian	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0
Irish	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	165	80	85
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	105	50	55
German	105	50	55
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	30	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	50	25	25
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0
Danish	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	95	45	50
Indo-Aryan languages	85	40	45
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	10
Gujarati	20	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	25	5	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	5
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	5
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	755	380	370
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	560	285	270
Portuguese	65	25	35
Romanian	45	25	20
Spanish	80	40	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0
Korean	10	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	25	40
Chinese languages	65	25	40
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	25
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	20	30
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0
Hungarian	40	20	20
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	390	180	205
English and French	165	75	90
English and non-official language(s)	190	95	95
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	23,385	11,615	11,765
English	21,625	10,795	10,825
French	55	25	30
Non-official language	225	105	120
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	225	105	120
English and French	480	200	275
English and non-official language(s)	935	455	480
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	25	35
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	23,385	11,615	11,765
Single responses	23,150	11,505	11,645
Official languages	22,710	11,290	11,425
English	22,625	11,250	11,375
French	80	40	45
Non-official languages	440	220	220
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	440	220	220
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	20
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	10
Aramaic languages	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	150	165
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	5
Russian	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0
Irish	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	5
German	10	10	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	35
Indo-Aryan languages	65	35	35
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5
Gujarati	20	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	80	100
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	110	45	65
Portuguese	20	10	15
Romanian	15	5	5
Spanish	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0
Korean	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	5
American Sign Language	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	10
Chinese languages	30	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	235	110	130
English and French	70	25	40
English and non-official language(s)	160	80	80
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	23,385	11,620	11,770
None	22,115	11,025	11,085
English	210	105	105
French	395	170	230
Non-official language	575	265	310
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	575	265	310
English and French	0	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	30	20	15
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	23,305	11,595	11,710
Official languages	23,275	11,580	11,695
English	23,275	11,580	11,695
French	2,465	1,090	1,370
Non-official languages	2,280	1,035	1,250
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,280	1,035	1,245
Afro-Asiatic languages	200	130	70
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	200	130	70
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	125	90	35
Aramaic languages	70	40	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	55	30	25
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	10	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	0	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	40	55
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	30	55
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,740	785	950
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	265	105	155
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	265	105	155
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	80	35	40
Russian	40	15	25
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	95	45	45
Bosnian	10	10	0
Croatian	40	20	25
Serbian	60	25	30
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	35	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10
Ukrainian	30	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	260	120	140
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	200	75	125
German	200	75	125
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	25	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	35	25	15
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	20	20	0
Danish	15	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	95	55	40
Indo-Aryan languages	90	50	35
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	35	25	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	35	15
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	0	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,125	520	610
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	805	385	420
Portuguese	90	30	50
Romanian	55	25	30
Spanish	225	90	135
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	25
Akan (Twi)	15	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0
American Sign Language	10	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	30
Chinese languages	55	20	30
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	15	25
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	15	60
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	15	0	0
Hungarian	65	15	50
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	23,305	11,590	11,710
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	920	440	480
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	885	435	445
First Nations (North American Indian)	450	220	230
Métis	430	215	220
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	10	10
Non-Indigenous identity	22,390	11,150	11,235
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	23,305	11,590	11,710
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	125	70	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	23,180	11,525	11,660
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,200	...	...
Owner	7,855	...	...
Renter	1,345	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,200	...	...
Condominium	420	...	...
Not condominium	8,785	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,200	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...
1 bedroom	630	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,700	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,150	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,705	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,200	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,155	...	...
5 rooms	980	...	...
6 rooms	1,245	...	...
7 rooms	1,570	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,255	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,200	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,135	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,200	...	...
Suitable	8,975	...	...
Not suitable	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,200	...	...
1960 or before	2,225	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,420	...	...
1981 to 1990	925	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,460	...	...
2001 to 2005	655	...	...
2006 to 2010	335	...	...
2011 to 2015	455	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,200	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,785	...	...
Major repairs needed	420	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,200	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,025	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,980	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	205	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,200	...	...
15 to 24 years	70	...	...
25 to 34 years	810	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,445	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,770	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,075	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,850	...	...
75 to 84 years	885	...	...
85 years and over	285	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,075	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,875	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,200	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,200	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,725	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,110	...	...
Not suitable only	180	...	...
Major repairs needed only	325	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,480	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,005	...	...
In core need	445	...	...
Not in core need	8,560	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,735	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,220	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,366	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	476,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	521,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,345	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	19.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,030	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,123	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	23,305	11,590	11,715
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	155	75	80
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	155	75	80
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	85	45	35
Métis single ancestry	70	20	50
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,005	480	525
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	975	465	505
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	640	295	345
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	340	175	160
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	22,150	11,040	11,110
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	23,305	11,595	11,715
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	22,830	11,355	11,470
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,615	2,420	2,190
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	18,215	8,935	9,280
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	475	235	240
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	23,305	11,595	11,715
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	20,935	10,500	10,435
Immigrants⁸¹	2,360	1,085	1,275
Before 1980	1,295	625	680
1980 to 1990	295	105	190
1991 to 2000	290	130	160
2001 to 2010	190	85	105
2011 to 2021⁸²	290	150	140
2011 to 2015	150	65	85
2016 to 2021	140	90	55
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,360	1,085	1,275
Under 5 years	325	130	190
5 to 14 years	580	285	290
15 to 24 years	585	275	315
25 to 44 years	805	375	435
45 years and over	65	20	40
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,360	1,085	1,275
Americas	520	190	330
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0
Guyana	15	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	45	15	25
United States of America	400	140	255
Other places of birth in Americas	35	0	30
Europe	1,395	675	720
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0
Croatia	30	20	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	120	45	70
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	20	0	15
Italy	400	215	185
Netherlands	60	30	25
Poland	50	25	30
Portugal	40	20	20
Romania	55	25	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	40	10	30
Ukraine	15	10	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	430	190	245
Other places of birth in Europe	115	65	50
Africa	50	15	35
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	10	30
Asia	385	190	190
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	50	35	20
Lebanon	40	30	15
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	30	15	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	0	10
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	90	40	50
Viet Nam	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	55	35	20
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	30	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	15	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	140	85	55
Americas	40	20	25
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	40	20	25
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	30	15	10
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	65	50	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	35	25	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	23,305	11,595	11,710
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,585	1,200	1,390
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,230	2,145	2,080
Third generation or more¹⁰²	16,490	8,245	8,240
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,065	465	595
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	390	175	210
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	135	95	40
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	250	80	170
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	470	200	275
Refugees¹⁰⁸	195	90	105
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,065	465	595
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	65	25	40
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	135	60	80
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	10	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	20	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	770	350	420
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	23,305	11,590	11,710
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,310	630	680
South Asian	150	85	65
Chinese	115	40	75
Black	425	215	210
Filipino	135	65	70
Arab	160	100	55
Latin American	55	25	35
Southeast Asian	75	15	60
West Asian	55	30	25
Korean	10	0	10
Japanese	15	0	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	85	35	50
Multiple visible minorities	35	10	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	22,000	10,970	11,030
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	23,305	11,595	11,710
Canadian	4,035	2,060	1,975
English	5,685	2,690	3,000
Irish	4,540	2,190	2,350
Scottish	3,790	1,800	1,990
French, n.o.s.¹²²	6,200	3,145	3,055
German	2,675	1,340	1,335
Chinese	125	50	75
Italian	3,010	1,530	1,480
Indian (India)	120	80	45
Ukrainian	740	385	355
Dutch	675	355	320
Polish	920	425	500
Québécois	25	0	15
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	725	365	355
Filipino	135	70	70
French Canadian	850	415	430
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	510	225	290
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	360	175	185
Métis	435	205	230
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	430	220	210
Russian	260	100	160
Norwegian	65	25	40
Welsh	315	150	160
Portuguese	200	110	95
American	405	185	225
Spanish	100	55	45
Swedish	50	35	20
Hungarian	635	295	340
Acadian	30	20	10
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	130	60	75
Jewish	45	30	15
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	15	55
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	95	70	25
Greek	100	55	45
Jamaican	45	10	35
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	20	10
Korean	15	0	10
Romanian	205	85	120
Lebanese	175	110	65
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	155	40	110
Danish	95	45	50
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	145	55	90
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	135	45	90
Belgian	165	75	90
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	40	25	15
Mennonite	30	10	20
Swiss	55	15	40
Finnish	80	30	45
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	140	55	90
Japanese	20	10	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	10	10
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	75	45	25
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	30	15
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	10	20
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	85	50	35
Syrian	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	75	40	35
Serbian	160	80	80
Ojibway	40	20	20
Newfoundlander	45	25	20
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	110	55	60
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	190	115	75
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	85	35	50
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	35	20	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	10	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	15	10	0
Lithuanian	30	20	15
South African	0	0	0
Australian	20	10	10
Palestinian	45	20	20
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	15	10	10
Maltese	95	35	60
Macedonian	45	20	20
Slovenian	35	20	15
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	15	15
New Brunswicker	15	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	70	40	25
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	15	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	70	15	60
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	10
African American	30	25	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	20	15
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	40	20	20
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	35	10	20
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	40	15	25
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	20	15
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	55	25	35
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	0	15
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	45	30	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	35	15	20
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	23,305	11,590	11,715
Buddhist	50	10	35
Christian	15,920	7,550	8,370
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,215	545	675
Anabaptist	45	30	15
Anglican	1,075	480	595
Baptist	305	150	150
Catholic	10,985	5,320	5,660
Christian Orthodox	205	100	100
Jehovah's Witness	70	30	45
Latter Day Saints	40	20	15
Lutheran	210	95	120
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	45	20	25
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	250	95	155
Presbyterian	300	145	160
Reformed	10	10	0
United Church	705	310	395
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	465	215	255
Hindu	35	25	10
Jewish	20	15	0
Muslim	110	60	55
Sikh	35	15	15
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	60	30	30
No religion and secular perspectives	7,080	3,890	3,195
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	23,055	11,465	11,590
Non-movers	21,085	10,525	10,560
Movers	1,970	945	1,030
Non-migrants	955	445	510
Migrants	1,020	500	520
Internal migrants	995	495	500
Intraprovincial migrants	955	470	490
Interprovincial migrants	35	25	15
External migrants	25	0	15
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	22,135	10,965	11,165
Non-movers	14,575	7,310	7,265
Movers	7,560	3,665	3,895
Non-migrants	2,835	1,370	1,465
Migrants	4,725	2,295	2,435
Internal migrants	4,565	2,205	2,355
Intraprovincial migrants	4,330	2,090	2,245
Interprovincial migrants	230	115	110
External migrants	160	90	70
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,575	9,655	9,915
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,000	1,655	1,345
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,575	8,000	8,570
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,095	5,960	6,130
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	785	495	290
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,310	5,465	5,840
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,570	9,655	9,920
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,695	1,450	1,245
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,235	3,060	3,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,640	5,145	5,495
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,905	3,560	3,350
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,475	1,135	335
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	560	335	225
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	910	800	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,160	2,285	2,870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	135	135
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,735	1,590	2,145
Bachelor's degree	2,705	1,155	1,555
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	290	80	205
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	110	80	25
Master's degree	555	235	320
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	40	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,090	5,960	6,135
No certificate, diploma or degree	700	430	265
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,560	1,865	1,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,835	3,665	4,170
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,030	2,545	2,480
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	980	785	195
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	340	215	120
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	645	570	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,895	1,680	2,215
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	80	70
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,810	1,120	1,695
Bachelor's degree	2,055	825	1,230
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	210	45	165
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	50	20
Master's degree	410	170	245
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	30	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	19,575	9,655	9,920
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,930	4,510	4,425
Education	765	145	615
13. Education	765	145	615
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170	90	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	150	75	70
Humanities	300	140	155
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	75	20	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	45	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	10	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	10
54. History	60	40	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,205	380	830
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	135	35	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	295	30	265
22. Legal professions and studies	130	45	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	255	75	175
45. Social sciences	395	190	205
Business, management and public administration	1,815	600	1,210
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	255	35	225
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,560	570	995
Physical and life sciences and technologies	335	135	195
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	140	50	95
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	40	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	70	45	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	305	200	100
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210	165	45
25. Library science	30	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	25	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,720	2,565	155
04. Architecture and related services	65	55	0
14. Engineering	300	270	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	620	545	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	485	475	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540	520	20
48. Precision production	720	700	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	155	95
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	170	95	75
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	65	20
Health and related fields	1,925	320	1,605
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	160	55	100
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,750	255	1,495
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	860	410	445
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	395	60	330
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	365	245	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	105	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,095	5,960	6,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,255	2,295	1,960
Education	530	65	460
13. Education	530	65	460
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	65	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	55	60
Humanities	190	85	100
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	30	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10
54. History	50	35	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	895	250	640
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	35	85
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	20	215
22. Legal professions and studies	85	30	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	185	45	140
45. Social sciences	275	125	150
Business, management and public administration	1,425	475	955
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	205	30	180
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,225	445	775
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	80	150
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	35	80
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	30	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	20	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	155	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	150	20
25. Library science	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,935	1,820	115
04. Architecture and related services	60	55	10
14. Engineering	240	210	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	420	375	55
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	340	335	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	335	325	10
48. Precision production	530	520	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	100	60
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	50	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	50	15
Health and related fields	1,450	235	1,215
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	120	45	75
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,330	195	1,135
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	675	325	350
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	300	55	245
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	300	200	100
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	70	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	12,095	5,960	6,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,255	2,295	1,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,840	3,665	4,175
Location of study inside Canada	7,225	3,365	3,860
Same as province or territory of residence	7,060	3,280	3,780
Different than province or territory of residence	165	90	75
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	610	300	310
Americas	375	170	205
United States of America	355	160	195
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	10	0
Europe	115	60	60
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	25	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	35	10	30
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	100	60	40
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	20	15	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	25	20	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	10	10	0
Australia	10	10	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	19,570	9,655	9,920
In the labour force	12,020	6,295	5,725
Employed	10,575	5,585	4,995
Unemployed	1,445	715	730
Not in the labour force	7,550	3,355	4,195
Participation rate	61.4	65.2	57.7
Employment rate	54.0	57.8	50.4
Unemployment rate	12.0	11.4	12.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	19,575	9,655	9,920
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,550	3,335	4,210
Worked	12,025	6,320	5,710
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,490	3,700	2,790
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,535	2,615	2,915
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.5	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	12,020	6,300	5,725
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	265	135	135
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	11,755	6,160	5,595
Employee	10,440	5,305	5,140
Permanent position	9,280	4,750	4,530
Temporary position	1,160	550	610
Fixed term (1 year or more)	350	155	200
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	810	395	420
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,310	860	450
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	12,020	6,300	5,725
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	265	135	135
All occupations¹⁹¹	11,755	6,160	5,595
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	65	45	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,610	410	1,195
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	765	660	105
3 Health occupations	1,145	185	965
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,495	435	1,060
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	215	115	105
6 Sales and service occupations	2,715	1,115	1,605
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,335	2,165	170
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	270	230	45
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,130	810	315
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	12,020	6,300	5,725
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	265	135	135
All industries¹⁹¹	11,755	6,160	5,595
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	240	165	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	110	110	0
22 Utilities	110	95	10
23 Construction	805	690	115
31-33 Manufacturing	2,405	1,795	610
41 Wholesale trade	315	235	75
44-45 Retail trade	1,320	605	715
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	445	315	130
51 Information and cultural industries	75	35	45
52 Finance and insurance	305	65	235
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	110	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	605	360	245
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	0	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	420	245	170
61 Educational services	920	225	690
62 Health care and social assistance	1,680	275	1,405
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	215	110	105
72 Accommodation and food services	615	205	410
81 Other services (except public administration)	410	205	205
91 Public administration	560	300	255
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,795	6,710	6,080
English	12,475	6,610	5,865
French	110	15	95
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	165	60	105
English and non-official language(s)	40	30	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,795	6,710	6,080
Single responses	12,760	6,710	6,050
Official languages	12,760	6,710	6,050
English	12,635	6,695	5,940
French	125	15	110
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	0	30
English and French	20	0	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,795	6,710	6,080
None	12,610	6,625	5,985
English	15	0	15
French	125	60	70
Non-official language	40	25	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	25	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,575	5,580	4,995
Worked at home	1,625	660	970
Worked outside Canada	260	155	100
No fixed workplace address	1,245	890	355
Usual place of work	7,440	3,880	3,565
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,445	3,880	3,565
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,140	885	1,255
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,175	2,920	2,260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	110	70	40
Commute to a different province or territory	15	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,690	4,765	3,925
Car, truck or van	8,330	4,590	3,740
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,915	4,370	3,545
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	415	225	195
Public transit	10	0	0
Walked	175	80	90
Bicycle	30	25	0
Other method	150	65	80
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,690	4,765	3,925
Less than 15 minutes	2,250	970	1,280
15 to 29 minutes	3,230	1,960	1,270
30 to 44 minutes	2,600	1,470	1,135
45 to 59 minutes	440	250	190
60 minutes and over	170	120	50
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,690	4,765	3,925
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	725	545	175
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,850	1,265	585
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,270	1,145	1,125
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,425	555	870
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	880	365	515
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,540	890	655
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,700	2,435	2,265
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,225	595	625
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,480	1,840	1,640
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,480	1,780	1,705
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	945	450	500
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	725	330	395
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	225	120	105
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,535	1,325	1,205

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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