Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	South Bruce Peninsula, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,137
Population, 2016¹	8,416
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	8.6
Total private dwellings²	7,093
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,148
Population density per square kilometre	17.2
Land area in square kilometres	530.61
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,135
0 to 14 years	1,075
0 to 4 years	295
5 to 9 years	395
10 to 14 years	390
15 to 64 years	5,035
15 to 19 years	335
20 to 24 years	335
25 to 29 years	420
30 to 34 years	385
35 to 39 years	425
40 to 44 years	425
45 to 49 years	405
50 to 54 years	515
55 to 59 years	810
60 to 64 years	995
65 years and over	3,025
65 to 69 years	1,010
70 to 74 years	830
75 to 79 years	515
80 to 84 years	355
85 years and over	310
85 to 89 years	190
90 to 94 years	95
95 to 99 years	25
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.8
15 to 64 years	55.1
65 years and over	33.1
85 years and over	3.4
Average age of the population	50.3
Median age of the population	56.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,150
Single-detached house	3,690
Semi-detached house	20
Row house	65
Apartment or flat in a duplex	85
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	240
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5
Other single-attached house	30
Movable dwelling⁴	5
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,150
1 person	1,270
2 persons	1,880
3 persons	440
4 persons	340
5 or more persons	225
Number of persons in private households	8,935
Average household size	2.2
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,060
Married or living common-law	5,095
Married	4,190
Living common-law	900
Living common law - Never married	495
Living common law - Separated	75
Living common law - Divorced	300
Living common law - Widowed	30
Not married and not living common-law	2,965
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,535
Not married and not living common law - Separated	230
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	560
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	640
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,835
2 persons	1,900
3 persons	460
4 persons	315
5 or more persons	155
Average size of census families	2.6
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,835
Total couple families	2,485
Married couples	2,040
With children⁶	645
Without children	1,395
Common-law couples	450
With children⁶	170
Without children	280
Total one-parent families	345
in which the parent is a woman+	275
in which the parent is a man+	75
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,930
Total - Persons in census families	7,300
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,975
Parents in one-parent families	350
Children⁶	1,975
In a two-parent family	1,455
In a one-parent family	525
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,635
Living alone	1,270
Living with other relatives⁷	165
Living with non-relatives only	200
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,145
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,600
Couple-family households	2,320
With children⁶	735
Without children	1,585
One-parent-family households	275
Multigenerational households⁸	75
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	65
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	110
One-person households	1,270
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,685
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,685
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,875
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,800
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,135
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	755
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,120
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,640
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,840
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,680
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,680
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,840
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,840
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,140
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,460
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	765
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,900
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,715
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,845
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,900
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,065
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	51.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,860
Without total income	175
With total income	7,685
Under $10,000 (including loss)	520
$10,000 to $19,999	1,060
$20,000 to $29,999	1,400
$30,000 to $39,999	1,090
$40,000 to $49,999	975
$50,000 to $59,999	765
$60,000 to $69,999	525
$70,000 to $79,999	380
$80,000 to $89,999	235
$90,000 to $99,999	165
$100,000 and over	570
$100,000 to $149,999	360
$150,000 and over	205
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,860
Without after-tax income	170
With after-tax income	7,690
Under $10,000 (including loss)	575
$10,000 to $19,999	1,120
$20,000 to $29,999	1,515
$30,000 to $39,999	1,330
$40,000 to $49,999	1,080
$50,000 to $59,999	750
$60,000 to $69,999	430
$70,000 to $79,999	270
$80,000 to $89,999	185
$90,000 to $99,999	110
$100,000 and over	325
$100,000 to $124,999	175
$125,000 and over	150
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,860
Without employment income	3,060
With employment income	4,805
Under $5,000 (including loss)	985
$5,000 to $9,999	440
$10,000 to $19,999	580
$20,000 to $29,999	500
$30,000 to $39,999	475
$40,000 to $49,999	440
$50,000 to $59,999	355
$60,000 to $69,999	250
$70,000 to $79,999	170
$80,000 to $89,999	110
$90,000 to $99,999	105
$100,000 and over	390
$100,000 to $124,999	160
$125,000 and over	235
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,640
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,640
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,935
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,985
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,915
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	645
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,840
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,680
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,680
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,940
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,070
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,950
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,630
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	645
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,980
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,845
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,895
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,650
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,000
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	80.6
Employment income (%)	57.4
Government transfers (%)	19.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,150
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	71,500
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,270
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,880
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,150
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,100
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,200
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,240
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,200
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,905
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,200
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,900
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,150
Under $5,000	40
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	45
$15,000 to $19,999	80
$20,000 to $24,999	195
$25,000 to $29,999	170
$30,000 to $34,999	140
$35,000 to $39,999	195
$40,000 to $44,999	200
$45,000 to $49,999	190
$50,000 to $59,999	370
$60,000 to $69,999	370
$70,000 to $79,999	335
$80,000 to $89,999	300
$90,000 to $99,999	230
$100,000 and over	1,270
$100,000 to $124,999	460
$125,000 to $149,999	270
$150,000 to $199,999	295
$200,000 and over	245
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,150
Under $5,000	50
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	45
$15,000 to $19,999	95
$20,000 to $24,999	195
$25,000 to $29,999	190
$30,000 to $34,999	175
$35,000 to $39,999	225
$40,000 to $44,999	230
$45,000 to $49,999	210
$50,000 to $59,999	435
$60,000 to $69,999	420
$70,000 to $79,999	365
$80,000 to $89,999	290
$90,000 to $99,999	235
$100,000 and over	950
$100,000 to $124,999	405
$125,000 to $149,999	245
$150,000 and over	300
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,805
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,500
Average family size of economic families	2.7
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,590
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	820
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	320
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,470
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,820
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,600
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,200
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,575
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,400
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,400
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	830
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	360
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,440
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,960
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,935
0 to 17 years	1,285
0 to 5 years	370
18 to 64 years	4,740
65 years and over	2,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,040
0 to 17 years	165
0 to 5 years	50
18 to 64 years	550
65 years and over	330
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.7
0 to 17 years (%)	12.7
0 to 5 years (%)	13.2
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6
65 years and over (%)	11.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,930
0 to 17 years	1,285
0 to 5 years	370
18 to 64 years	4,740
65 years and over	2,905
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	230
0 to 17 years	25
0 to 5 years	5
18 to 64 years	185
65 years and over	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.9
65 years and over (%)	0.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,935
In bottom half of the distribution	4,995
In bottom decile	830
In second decile	1,090
In third decile	995
In fourth decile	1,085
In fifth decile	1,000
In top half of the distribution	3,935
In sixth decile	925
In seventh decile	905
In eighth decile	705
In ninth decile	790
In top decile	610
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,930
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.316
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.461
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,025
English only	8,620
French only	0
English and French	400
Neither English nor French	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,025
English	8,950
French	70
English and French	5
Neither English nor French	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,025
Single responses	8,965
Official languages	8,625
English	8,550
French	80
Non-official languages	340
Indigenous languages³⁹	10
Algonquian languages	5
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	335
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	280
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60
Baltic languages	5
Latvian	5
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	55
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	10
Macedonian	0
Polish	20
Russian	5
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	5
Bosnian	0
Croatian	5
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	135
Frisian	0
High German languages	80
German	70
Pennsylvania German	5
Swiss German	5
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	35
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	5
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	5
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75
Catalan	0
Italian	25
Portuguese	25
Romanian	0
Spanish	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5
Chinese languages	5
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	20
Estonian	0
Finnish	5
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	55
English and French	20
English and non-official language(s)	30
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,025
English	8,750
French	0
Non-official language	40
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	40
English and French	55
English and non-official language(s)	175
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,025
Single responses	8,995
Official languages	8,930
English	8,925
French	5
Non-official languages	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	45
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	15
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	10
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	5
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20
Catalan	0
Italian	5
Portuguese	10
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	5
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	25
English and French	15
English and non-official language(s)	15
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,025
None	8,815
English	25
French	40
Non-official language	130
Indigenous³⁹	5
Non-Indigenous	120
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,930
Official languages	8,930
English	8,930
French	415
Non-official languages	460
Indigenous languages³⁹	20
Algonquian languages	20
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	20
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	20
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	435
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	10
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	10
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	355
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	60
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	20
Russian	20
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	140
Frisian	0
High German languages	105
German	95
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	15
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	45
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20
Indo-Aryan languages	20
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155
Catalan	0
Italian	40
Portuguese	20
Romanian	0
Spanish	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	10
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	30
American Sign Language	25
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	30
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	20
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,930
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	300
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	290
First Nations (North American Indian)	180
Métis	110
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10
Non-Indigenous identity	8,635
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,930
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,775
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,150
Owner	3,450
Renter	700
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,150
Condominium	60
Not condominium	4,090
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,150
No bedrooms	15
1 bedroom	260
2 bedrooms	925
3 bedrooms	1,955
4 or more bedrooms	995
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,150
1 to 4 rooms	650
5 rooms	645
6 rooms	840
7 rooms	680
8 or more rooms	1,330
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,150
One person or fewer per room	4,135
More than one person per room	10
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,150
Suitable	4,070
Not suitable	80
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,150
1960 or before	1,185
1961 to 1980	1,235
1981 to 1990	625
1991 to 2000	435
2001 to 2005	145
2006 to 2010	210
2011 to 2015	145
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	165
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,150
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,850
Major repairs needed	295
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,150
One-maintainer household	2,050
Two-maintainer household	2,010
Three-or-more-maintainer household	90
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,150
15 to 24 years	30
25 to 34 years	300
35 to 44 years	430
45 to 54 years	525
55 to 64 years	1,020
65 to 74 years	1,075
75 to 84 years	545
85 years and over	215
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,015
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,350
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	660
30% to less than 100%	635
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,150
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	970
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	600
Not suitable only	65
Major repairs needed only	235
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	3,180
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,980
In core need	230
Not in core need	3,755
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,340
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	44.9
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.7
% in core housing need⁶³	3.9
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	740
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,034
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	534,500
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	690
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	17.4
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.8
% in core housing need⁶³	14.6
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	958
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,935
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	120
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	120
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	105
Métis single ancestry	20
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	300
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	300
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	165
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	135
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,510
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,930
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,795
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,285
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,510
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,930
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,245
Immigrants⁸¹	655
Before 1980	415
1980 to 1990	95
1991 to 2000	75
2001 to 2010	30
2011 to 2021⁸²	40
2011 to 2015	10
2016 to 2021	30
Non-permanent residents⁸³	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	660
Under 5 years	90
5 to 14 years	155
15 to 24 years	150
25 to 44 years	225
45 years and over	35
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	660
Americas	125
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	10
Mexico	0
Peru	10
Trinidad and Tobago	10
United States of America	70
Other places of birth in Americas	25
Europe	500
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	0
Germany	40
Greece	0
Hungary	15
Italy	25
Netherlands	30
Poland	20
Portugal	20
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	255
Other places of birth in Europe	65
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	30
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	30
Americas	15
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	10
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	0
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,930
First generation¹⁰⁰	735
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,025
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,175
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	240
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	105
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	55
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	105
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	240
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	60
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	170
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,930
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	180
South Asian	15
Chinese	0
Black	60
Filipino	10
Arab	0
Latin American	35
Southeast Asian	0
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,755
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,930
Canadian	1,455
English	3,570
Irish	2,555
Scottish	2,945
French, n.o.s.¹²²	725
German	1,585
Chinese	25
Italian	285
Indian (India)	15
Ukrainian	180
Dutch	385
Polish	190
Québécois	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	475
Filipino	15
French Canadian	105
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	155
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	155
Métis	155
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	180
Russian	20
Norwegian	70
Welsh	220
Portuguese	50
American	100
Spanish	55
Swedish	25
Hungarian	90
Acadian	25
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30
Jewish	30
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	0
Jamaican	40
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15
Korean	0
Romanian	40
Lebanese	0
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	20
Danish	60
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50
Sikh	0
Austrian	65
Belgian	10
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	10
Mennonite	50
Swiss	125
Finnish	15
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	15
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	20
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	10
Ojibway	50
Newfoundlander	45
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	65
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	30
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	0
South African	0
Australian	0
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	10
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20
Bulgarian	10
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	10
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	10
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	15
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	25
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,930
Buddhist	0
Christian	5,010
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	690
Anabaptist	55
Anglican	560
Baptist	255
Catholic	1,085
Christian Orthodox	10
Jehovah's Witness	80
Latter Day Saints	70
Lutheran	235
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	35
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	35
Presbyterian	320
Reformed	60
United Church	1,200
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	325
Hindu	0
Jewish	0
Muslim	0
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40
No religion and secular perspectives	3,855
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,865
Non-movers	8,030
Movers	840
Non-migrants	310
Migrants	525
Internal migrants	515
Intraprovincial migrants	500
Interprovincial migrants	10
External migrants	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,630
Non-movers	5,485
Movers	3,145
Non-migrants	635
Migrants	2,515
Internal migrants	2,455
Intraprovincial migrants	2,310
Interprovincial migrants	145
External migrants	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,845
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,550
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,290
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,280
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	515
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,765
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,840
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,305
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,925
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,910
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	755
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	260
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	490
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,035
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,015
Bachelor's degree	745
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35
Master's degree	95
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,275
No certificate, diploma or degree	425
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,410
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,825
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	395
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50
Bachelor's degree or higher	585
Bachelor's degree	440
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20
Master's degree	45
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,920
Education	235
13. Education	235
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15
50. Visual and performing arts	95
Humanities	230
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20
23. English language and literature/letters	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	40
54. History	40
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125
22. Legal professions and studies	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15
42. Psychology	90
45. Social sciences	105
Business, management and public administration	570
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	510
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	985
04. Architecture and related services	20
14. Engineering	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	370
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	240
48. Precision production	135
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95
03. Natural resources and conservation	30
Health and related fields	745
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	680
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	320
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	180
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	60
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,870
Education	105
13. Education	105
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	50
Humanities	110
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	20
54. History	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	305
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120
22. Legal professions and studies	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	40
45. Social sciences	70
Business, management and public administration	385
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	345
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	560
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130
48. Precision production	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75
03. Natural resources and conservation	25
Health and related fields	450
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	405
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	235
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	50
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,415
Location of study inside Canada	2,305
Same as province or territory of residence	2,195
Different than province or territory of residence	110
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	110
Americas	45
United States of America	45
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	50
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	0
Netherlands	10
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	15
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	0
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	10
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	0
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,840
In the labour force	4,065
Employed	3,685
Unemployed	380
Not in the labour force	3,775
Participation rate	51.8
Employment rate	47.0
Unemployment rate	9.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,840
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,690
Worked	4,155
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,945
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,205
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,065
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,985
Employee	3,120
Permanent position	2,595
Temporary position	525
Fixed term (1 year or more)	105
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	420
Self-employed¹⁹²	870
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,065
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,985
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	55
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	480
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	185
3 Health occupations	365
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	360
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90
6 Sales and service occupations	1,035
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	925
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	245
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	230
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,065
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85
All industries¹⁹¹	3,985
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	170
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75
22 Utilities	145
23 Construction	490
31-33 Manufacturing	235
41 Wholesale trade	80
44-45 Retail trade	600
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	150
51 Information and cultural industries	50
52 Finance and insurance	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	200
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	205
61 Educational services	190
62 Health care and social assistance	575
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70
72 Accommodation and food services	225
81 Other services (except public administration)	220
91 Public administration	145
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,470
English	4,395
French	20
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	35
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,470
Single responses	4,460
Official languages	4,455
English	4,430
French	20
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	10
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,470
None	4,435
English	0
French	35
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,685
Worked at home	665
Worked outside Canada	0
No fixed workplace address	615
Usual place of work	2,405
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,405
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,080
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	395
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	925
Commute to a different province or territory	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,025
Car, truck or van	2,800
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,640
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	160
Public transit	15
Walked	150
Bicycle	10
Other method	50
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,025
Less than 15 minutes	910
15 to 29 minutes	925
30 to 44 minutes	660
45 to 59 minutes	275
60 minutes and over	245
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,025
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	255
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	545
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	905
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	600
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	390
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	330
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,305
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,245
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	990
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	950

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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