Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Penetanguishene, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	10,077	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	8,962	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	12.4	...	...	12.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,357	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,976	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	396.4	...	...	396.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	25.42	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	10,075	5,110	4,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,105	580	525	11.0	11.4	10.6
0 to 4 years	320	165	155	3.2	3.2	3.1
5 to 9 years	400	210	190	4.0	4.1	3.8
10 to 14 years	390	200	185	3.9	3.9	3.7
15 to 64 years	5,995	3,210	2,785	59.5	62.8	56.0
15 to 19 years	440	225	215	4.4	4.4	4.3
20 to 24 years	490	290	200	4.9	5.7	4.0
25 to 29 years	530	320	215	5.3	6.3	4.3
30 to 34 years	620	380	235	6.2	7.4	4.7
35 to 39 years	600	335	265	6.0	6.6	5.3
40 to 44 years	475	265	205	4.7	5.2	4.1
45 to 49 years	540	285	250	5.4	5.6	5.0
50 to 54 years	585	275	310	5.8	5.4	6.2
55 to 59 years	815	390	425	8.1	7.6	8.6
60 to 64 years	910	445	465	9.0	8.7	9.4
65 years and over	2,975	1,315	1,655	29.5	25.7	33.3
65 to 69 years	820	390	430	8.1	7.6	8.7
70 to 74 years	740	345	395	7.3	6.8	7.9
75 to 79 years	515	245	265	5.1	4.8	5.3
80 to 84 years	380	155	230	3.8	3.0	4.6
85 years and over	520	175	340	5.2	3.4	6.8
85 to 89 years	235	95	140	2.3	1.9	2.8
90 to 94 years	240	75	165	2.4	1.5	3.3
95 to 99 years	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.0	11.4	10.6	11.0	11.4	10.6
15 to 64 years	59.5	62.8	56.0	59.5	62.8	56.0
65 years and over	29.5	25.7	33.3	29.5	25.7	33.3
85 years and over	5.2	3.4	6.8	5.2	3.4	6.8
Average age of the population	48.8	46.5	51.1	48.8	46.5	51.1
Median age of the population	52.0	48.0	56.0	52.0	48.0	56.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,705	...	...	68.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	185	...	...	4.6	...	...
Row house	105	...	...	2.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	300	...	...	7.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	675	...	...	17.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,175	...	...	29.6	...	...
2 persons	1,580	...	...	39.7	...	...
3 persons	570	...	...	14.3	...	...
4 persons	445	...	...	11.2	...	...
5 or more persons	210	...	...	5.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,970	4,385	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,970	4,530	4,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,795	2,400	2,390	53.5	53.0	53.8
Married	3,830	1,920	1,910	42.7	42.4	43.0
Living common-law	965	485	485	10.8	10.7	10.9
Living common law - Never married	610	315	295	6.8	7.0	6.6
Living common law - Separated	75	40	40	0.8	0.9	0.9
Living common law - Divorced	240	115	125	2.7	2.5	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	4,175	2,125	2,050	46.5	46.9	46.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,390	1,525	870	26.6	33.7	19.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	335	165	170	3.7	3.6	3.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	595	255	340	6.6	5.6	7.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	860	185	670	9.6	4.1	15.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,700	...	...	61.3	...	...
3 persons	550	...	...	19.8	...	...
4 persons	405	...	...	14.6	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...	4.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,300	...	...	82.9	...	...
Married couples	1,820	...	...	65.6	...	...
With children⁶	700	...	...	25.2	...	...
Without children	1,120	...	...	40.4	...	...
Common-law couples	485	...	...	17.5	...	...
With children⁶	200	...	...	7.2	...	...
Without children	285	...	...	10.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	475	...	...	17.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	370	...	...	13.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	100	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,970	4,385	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	7,285	3,610	3,670	81.2	82.3	80.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,605	2,300	2,300	51.3	52.5	50.2
Parents in one-parent families	470	100	375	5.2	2.3	8.2
Children⁶	2,205	1,210	995	24.6	27.6	21.7
In a two-parent family	1,510	830	680	16.8	18.9	14.8
In a one-parent family	700	385	315	7.8	8.8	6.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,685	775	910	18.8	17.7	19.9
Living alone	1,175	510	660	13.1	11.6	14.4
Living with other relatives⁷	205	85	120	2.3	1.9	2.6
Living with non-relatives only	305	180	130	3.4	4.1	2.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,385	...	...	60.0	...	...
Couple-family households	2,035	...	...	51.2	...	...
With children⁶	785	...	...	19.7	...	...
Without children	1,255	...	...	31.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	350	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	130	...	...	3.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	125	...	...	3.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	135	...	...	3.4	...	...
One-person households	1,175	...	...	29.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,860	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,660	3,695	3,965	97.5	97.1	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,200	34,400	37,600	41,200	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,655	3,690	3,965	97.4	97.0	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	37,200	31,800	34,400	37,200	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,605	3,215	3,390	84.0	84.5	83.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	36,000	25,400	30,600	36,000	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,835	2,450	2,380	61.5	64.4	58.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	35,200	28,800	32,400	35,200	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,085	3,380	3,705	90.1	88.8	91.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	11,900	13,200	12,600	11,900	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	670	345	325	8.5	9.1	8.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,760	5,720	5,760	5,760	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,815	885	935	23.1	23.3	23.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,865	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,655	3,670	3,985	97.3	96.5	98.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,040	51,700	42,760	47,040	51,700	42,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,660	3,675	3,985	97.4	96.6	98.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,520	43,640	37,640	40,520	43,640	37,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,530	3,140	3,385	83.0	82.5	83.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,920	47,880	36,400	41,920	47,880	36,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,840	2,465	2,365	61.5	64.8	58.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,280	44,560	37,840	41,280	44,560	37,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,015	3,350	3,660	89.2	88.0	90.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,300	11,700	12,860	12,300	11,700	12,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	625	315	310	7.9	8.3	7.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,100	6,550	5,640	6,100	6,550	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,820	870	950	23.1	22.9	23.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,450	8,500	8,400	8,450	8,500	8,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,865	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,055	1,065	990	26.1	28.0	24.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,800	59,600	56,400	58,800	59,600	56,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,000	71,400	62,200	67,000	71,400	62,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,915	920	995	24.3	24.2	24.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000	18,600	16,400	17,000	18,600	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,760	31,800	22,120	26,760	31,800	22,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.0	79.4	72.4	76.0	79.4	72.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	55.4	58.0	52.6	55.4	58.0	52.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.0	20.7	27.7	24.0	20.7	27.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.1	4.5	5.8	5.1	4.5	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.3	3.9	4.7	4.3	3.9	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,865	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	205	115	90	2.6	3.0	2.2
With total income	7,655	3,690	3,965	97.3	97.0	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	540	235	300	7.1	6.4	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,110	475	630	14.5	12.9	15.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,370	565	805	17.9	15.3	20.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,055	510	545	13.8	13.8	13.7
$40,000 to $49,999	865	425	440	11.3	11.5	11.1
$50,000 to $59,999	720	355	370	9.4	9.6	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	585	305	285	7.6	8.3	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	400	240	155	5.2	6.5	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	280	150	125	3.7	4.1	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	190	100	95	2.5	2.7	2.4
$100,000 and over	545	330	215	7.1	8.9	5.4
$100,000 to $149,999	415	240	175	5.4	6.5	4.4
$150,000 and over	130	90	40	1.7	2.4	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,865	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	205	110	90	2.6	2.9	2.2
With after-tax income	7,660	3,695	3,965	97.4	97.1	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	570	245	330	7.4	6.6	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,170	505	670	15.3	13.7	16.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,505	635	870	19.6	17.2	21.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,245	610	630	16.3	16.5	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,010	485	520	13.2	13.1	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	775	420	360	10.1	11.4	9.1
$60,000 to $69,999	465	260	205	6.1	7.0	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	315	175	140	4.1	4.7	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	245	125	120	3.2	3.4	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	140	90	50	1.8	2.4	1.3
$100,000 and over	225	150	80	2.9	4.1	2.0
$100,000 to $124,999	130	85	45	1.7	2.3	1.1
$125,000 and over	100	65	30	1.3	1.8	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,865	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,025	1,350	1,675	38.5	35.5	41.3
With employment income	4,835	2,455	2,385	61.5	64.5	58.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	875	450	425	18.1	18.3	17.8
$5,000 to $9,999	395	165	230	8.2	6.7	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	590	265	325	12.2	10.8	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	445	205	240	9.2	8.4	10.1
$30,000 to $39,999	475	235	245	9.8	9.6	10.3
$40,000 to $49,999	415	225	190	8.6	9.2	8.0
$50,000 to $59,999	420	205	215	8.7	8.4	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	350	195	155	7.2	7.9	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	215	135	80	4.4	5.5	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	150	75	75	3.1	3.1	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	140	70	65	2.9	2.9	2.7
$100,000 and over	365	225	140	7.5	9.2	5.9
$100,000 to $124,999	230	135	100	4.8	5.5	4.2
$125,000 and over	140	95	45	2.9	3.9	1.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,860	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,575	3,645	3,930	96.4	95.8	96.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,800	31,800	36,000	40,800	31,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,575	3,645	3,930	96.4	95.8	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,400	29,200	33,200	36,400	29,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,605	3,210	3,400	84.0	84.4	83.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	38,400	26,200	32,800	38,400	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,945	2,500	2,440	62.9	65.7	60.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	37,200	30,000	34,000	37,200	30,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,745	3,195	3,550	85.8	84.0	87.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	7,350	9,400	8,700	7,350	9,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	545	275	270	6.9	7.2	6.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400	5,440	5,360	5,400	5,440	5,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,865	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,575	3,625	3,940	96.3	95.3	97.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,160	51,080	39,720	45,160	51,080	39,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,580	3,640	3,940	96.4	95.7	97.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,360	42,600	34,480	38,360	42,600	34,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,560	3,180	3,375	83.4	83.6	83.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,320	49,240	35,760	42,320	49,240	35,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,920	2,525	2,400	62.6	66.4	59.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,200	46,480	37,640	42,200	46,480	37,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,695	3,190	3,510	85.1	83.8	86.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,620	8,960	10,210	9,620	8,960	10,210
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	565	290	275	7.2	7.6	6.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,380	6,080	6,700	6,380	6,080	6,700
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,865	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,040	1,060	980	25.9	27.9	24.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,000	58,400	53,200	56,000	58,400	53,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,000	73,200	58,200	66,000	73,200	58,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,810	880	930	23.0	23.1	22.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	30,200	21,600	23,600	30,200	21,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,680	35,200	26,350	30,680	35,200	26,350
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.2	84.6	77.2	81.2	84.6	77.2
Employment income (%)	60.7	63.3	57.7	60.7	63.3	57.7
Government transfers (%)	18.8	15.4	22.9	18.8	15.4	22.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,975	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,175	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...	37,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,800	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,975	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,600	...	...	90,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,700	...	...	46,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,810	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,800	...	...	108,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,300	...	...	93,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	185	...	...	4.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	160	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	160	...	...	4.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	180	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	180	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	355	...	...	8.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	305	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	295	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	275	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	235	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,305	...	...	32.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	455	...	...	11.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	285	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	335	...	...	8.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	230	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...	4.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	175	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	185	...	...	4.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	165	...	...	4.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	225	...	...	5.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	215	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	400	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	335	...	...	8.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	330	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	295	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	250	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	990	...	...	24.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	405	...	...	10.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	260	...	...	6.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	320	...	...	8.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,705	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,280	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	915	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	420	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,485	690	790	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	34,800	35,600	35,200	34,800	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	32,400	32,800	32,400	32,400	32,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,720	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,700	...	...	108,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,100	...	...	93,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,270	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,600	...	...	93,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...	80,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	920	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,400	...	...	146,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,600	...	...	122,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	425	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,800	...	...	68,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,600	...	...	62,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,475	675	800	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,760	41,300	45,800	43,760	41,300	45,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,760	36,200	40,900	38,760	36,200	40,900
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,965	4,390	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,375	720	655	15.3	16.4	14.3
0 to 5 years	395	200	195	4.4	4.6	4.3
18 to 64 years	5,095	2,490	2,610	56.8	56.7	57.0
65 years and over	2,495	1,175	1,320	27.8	26.8	28.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,075	485	590	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	185	95	85	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	60	30	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	585	285	305	...	...	...
65 years and over	310	110	200	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.0	11.1	12.9	12.0	11.1	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	13.2	13.2	13.4	13.2	13.2	13.4
0 to 5 years (%)	15.6	16.0	15.0	15.6	16.0	15.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	11.3	11.7	11.5	11.3	11.7
65 years and over (%)	12.4	9.4	15.1	12.4	9.4	15.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,970	4,385	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,375	720	650	15.3	16.4	14.2
0 to 5 years	395	200	195	4.4	4.6	4.3
18 to 64 years	5,100	2,490	2,610	56.9	56.8	57.0
65 years and over	2,495	1,175	1,315	27.8	26.8	28.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	300	165	135	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	40	25	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	240	130	105	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	5	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.7	3.0	3.4	3.7	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	3.2	2.8	3.0	3.2	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	4.5	5.0	3.0	4.5	5.0	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	5.4	4.1	4.7	5.4	4.1
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.5	1.0	0.8	0.5	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,965	4,390	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	4,920	2,345	2,580	54.9	53.4	56.3
In bottom decile	965	455	505	10.8	10.4	11.0
In second decile	955	450	505	10.7	10.3	11.0
In third decile	975	470	505	10.9	10.7	11.0
In fourth decile	1,035	495	540	11.5	11.3	11.8
In fifth decile	1,000	480	515	11.2	10.9	11.2
In top half of the distribution	4,045	2,040	2,000	45.1	46.5	43.7
In sixth decile	855	435	425	9.5	9.9	9.3
In seventh decile	980	505	475	10.9	11.5	10.4
In eighth decile	810	405	400	9.0	9.2	8.7
In ninth decile	750	380	370	8.4	8.7	8.1
In top decile	650	320	330	7.3	7.3	7.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,970	...	...	8,970	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.318	...	...	0.318	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.464	...	...	0.464	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.281	...	...	0.281	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,215	4,455	4,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	7,645	3,770	3,870	83.0	84.6	81.3
French only	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	1,555	675	875	16.9	15.2	18.4
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,215	4,455	4,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,580	4,190	4,390	93.1	94.1	92.2
French	600	255	345	6.5	5.7	7.2
English and French	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,215	4,455	4,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,995	4,355	4,635	97.6	97.8	97.4
Official languages	8,600	4,175	4,430	93.3	93.7	93.1
English	7,900	3,880	4,025	85.7	87.1	84.6
French	700	290	405	7.6	6.5	8.5
Non-official languages	390	185	210	4.2	4.2	4.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	390	185	205	4.2	4.2	4.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	315	150	160	3.4	3.4	3.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	45	55	1.1	1.0	1.2
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages	95	45	50	1.0	1.0	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Russian	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	110	45	60	1.2	1.0	1.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	65	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.6
German	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Hindi	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dari	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	25	30	0.5	0.6	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese languages	5	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	220	95	125	2.4	2.1	2.6
English and French	160	65	95	1.7	1.5	2.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,215	4,455	4,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,535	4,140	4,395	92.6	92.9	92.3
French	105	45	60	1.1	1.0	1.3
Non-official language	55	20	30	0.6	0.4	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	20	30	0.6	0.4	0.6
English and French	270	125	150	2.9	2.8	3.2
English and non-official language(s)	220	105	115	2.4	2.4	2.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,215	4,455	4,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,115	4,410	4,705	98.9	99.0	98.8
Official languages	9,000	4,350	4,650	97.7	97.6	97.7
English	8,880	4,300	4,580	96.4	96.5	96.2
French	120	50	70	1.3	1.1	1.5
Non-official languages	115	60	55	1.2	1.3	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	115	60	55	1.2	1.3	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	95	50	45	1.0	1.1	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Hindi	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	95	40	55	1.0	0.9	1.2
English and French	60	25	40	0.7	0.6	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,210	4,455	4,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,780	4,245	4,535	95.3	95.3	95.3
English	55	30	30	0.6	0.7	0.6
French	200	95	100	2.2	2.1	2.1
Non-official language	145	65	80	1.6	1.5	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	140	60	75	1.5	1.3	1.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,970	4,390	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	8,955	4,375	4,575	99.8	99.7	99.9
English	8,955	4,375	4,575	99.8	99.7	99.9
French	1,485	675	810	16.6	15.4	17.7
Non-official languages	500	225	275	5.6	5.1	6.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	480	215	260	5.4	4.9	5.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Haitian Creole	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	375	180	200	4.2	4.1	4.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	30	50	0.8	0.7	1.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	75	30	50	0.8	0.7	1.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.7
Russian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	130	50	80	1.4	1.1	1.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	100	40	55	1.1	0.9	1.2
German	100	40	55	1.1	0.9	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.7
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.7
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	85	85	1.8	1.9	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	80	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.9
Portuguese	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	35	30	0.7	0.8	0.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.5
American Sign Language	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,970	4,390	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,010	975	1,040	22.4	22.2	22.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,980	965	1,015	22.1	22.0	22.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	265	105	160	3.0	2.4	3.5
Métis	1,715	860	855	19.1	19.6	18.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	6,960	3,415	3,540	77.6	77.8	77.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,970	4,390	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	265	115	140	3.0	2.6	3.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,705	4,270	4,435	97.0	97.3	96.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,015	...	...	75.8	...	...
Renter	965	...	...	24.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	230	...	...	5.8	...	...
Not condominium	3,745	...	...	94.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	485	...	...	12.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,015	...	...	25.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,415	...	...	35.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,045	...	...	26.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	875	...	...	22.0	...	...
5 rooms	555	...	...	14.0	...	...
6 rooms	570	...	...	14.3	...	...
7 rooms	590	...	...	14.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,385	...	...	34.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,960	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,880	...	...	97.6	...	...
Not suitable	100	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,080	...	...	27.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	975	...	...	24.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	650	...	...	16.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	515	...	...	13.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	265	...	...	6.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	190	...	...	4.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	105	...	...	2.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	200	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,690	...	...	92.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	280	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,015	...	...	50.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,820	...	...	45.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	150	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...	0.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	375	...	...	9.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	430	...	...	10.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	610	...	...	15.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	935	...	...	23.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	940	...	...	23.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	505	...	...	12.7	...	...
85 years and over	150	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,130	...	...	79.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	835	...	...	21.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	785	...	...	19.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,135	...	...	28.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	770	...	...	19.4	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...	1.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	230	...	...	5.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,845	...	...	71.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	415	...	...	10.6	...	...
Not in core need	3,505	...	...	89.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,010	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.7	...	...	53.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.1	...	...	14.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,140	...	...	1,140	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,252	...	...	1,252	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	581,500	...	...	581,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	965	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	20.2	...	...	20.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	42.2	...	...	42.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	29.5	...	...	29.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	920	...	...	920	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	976	...	...	976	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,965	4,385	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	810	420	395	9.0	9.6	8.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	795	410	385	8.9	9.4	8.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	170	70	105	1.9	1.6	2.3
Métis single ancestry	615	335	275	6.9	7.6	6.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,160	545	615	12.9	12.4	13.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,145	545	605	12.8	12.4	13.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	285	130	150	3.2	3.0	3.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	860	410	450	9.6	9.4	9.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,995	3,420	3,570	78.0	78.0	77.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,965	4,385	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,850	4,345	4,500	98.7	99.1	98.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,385	730	655	15.4	16.6	14.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,470	3,620	3,850	83.3	82.6	84.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	115	40	75	1.3	0.9	1.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,965	4,385	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,355	4,105	4,250	93.2	93.6	92.8
Immigrants⁸¹	610	280	330	6.8	6.4	7.2
Before 1980	355	150	205	4.0	3.4	4.5
1980 to 1990	105	60	40	1.2	1.4	0.9
1991 to 2000	70	20	45	0.8	0.5	1.0
2001 to 2010	55	30	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
2016 to 2021	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	610	280	330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	85	45	40	13.9	16.1	12.1
5 to 14 years	110	50	65	18.0	17.9	19.7
15 to 24 years	160	65	95	26.2	23.2	28.8
25 to 44 years	225	105	125	36.9	37.5	37.9
45 years and over	30	15	10	4.9	5.4	3.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	610	280	330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	100	40	55	16.4	14.3	16.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	20	20	0	3.3	7.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	0	10	2.5	0.0	3.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	3.0
United States of America	30	10	25	4.9	3.6	7.6
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	2.5	3.6	0.0
Europe	445	205	245	73.0	73.2	74.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	55	25	25	9.0	8.9	7.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	25	20	0	4.1	7.1	0.0
Netherlands	35	20	15	5.7	7.1	4.5
Poland	35	15	20	5.7	5.4	6.1
Portugal	15	0	10	2.5	0.0	3.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	230	95	135	37.7	33.9	40.9
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	15	4.1	5.4	4.5
Africa	15	10	10	2.5	3.6	3.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	50	25	20	8.2	8.9	6.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	2.5	0.0	3.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	0	3.3	3.6	0.0
Pakistan	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	25	10	15	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	10	0	60.0	100.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	10	40.0	0.0	66.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,970	4,390	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	680	310	370	7.6	7.1	8.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	985	480	505	11.0	10.9	11.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,305	3,600	3,705	81.4	82.0	80.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	255	130	120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	105	60	40	41.2	46.2	33.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	40	25	25.5	30.8	20.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	15	15	15.7	11.5	12.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	110	55	65	43.1	42.3	54.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	20	20	13.7	15.4	16.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	255	130	120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	15	0	5.9	11.5	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	20	30	19.6	15.4	25.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	10	3.9	0.0	8.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	175	95	80	68.6	73.1	66.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,970	4,390	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	250	145	100	2.8	3.3	2.2
South Asian	70	50	20	0.8	1.1	0.4
Chinese	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Black	80	45	35	0.9	1.0	0.8
Filipino	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Arab	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Latin American	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,720	4,240	4,475	97.2	96.6	97.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,965	4,390	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,835	925	905	20.5	21.1	19.8
English	2,355	1,155	1,205	26.3	26.3	26.3
Irish	1,680	795	890	18.7	18.1	19.4
Scottish	1,510	730	775	16.8	16.6	16.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,170	1,045	1,130	24.2	23.8	24.7
German	640	310	330	7.1	7.1	7.2
Chinese	40	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Italian	280	165	120	3.1	3.8	2.6
Indian (India)	55	40	15	0.6	0.9	0.3
Ukrainian	160	50	105	1.8	1.1	2.3
Dutch	245	80	165	2.7	1.8	3.6
Polish	240	85	160	2.7	1.9	3.5
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	400	200	200	4.5	4.6	4.4
Filipino	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
French Canadian	300	110	195	3.3	2.5	4.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	220	115	105	2.5	2.6	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	240	90	155	2.7	2.1	3.4
Métis	1,510	760	745	16.8	17.3	16.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	120	65	55	1.3	1.5	1.2
Russian	50	25	20	0.6	0.6	0.4
Norwegian	50	20	35	0.6	0.5	0.8
Welsh	170	80	90	1.9	1.8	2.0
Portuguese	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
American	85	45	40	0.9	1.0	0.9
Spanish	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Swedish	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Hungarian	65	20	40	0.7	0.5	0.9
Acadian	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pakistani	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Jamaican	40	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Danish	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	95	55	45	1.1	1.3	1.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	40	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Belgian	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Haitian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Finnish	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	50	40	10	0.6	0.9	0.2
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Ojibway	65	25	40	0.7	0.6	0.9
Newfoundlander	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	70	35	40	0.8	0.8	0.9
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Lithuanian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Macedonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,970	4,390	4,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	5,735	2,595	3,135	63.9	59.1	68.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	375	155	220	4.2	3.5	4.8
Anabaptist	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Anglican	510	250	260	5.7	5.7	5.7
Baptist	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
Catholic	3,735	1,700	2,040	41.6	38.7	44.5
Christian Orthodox	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	40	20	25	0.4	0.5	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	30	20	15	0.3	0.5	0.3
Presbyterian	225	90	135	2.5	2.1	2.9
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	335	150	185	3.7	3.4	4.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	305	130	175	3.4	3.0	3.8
Hindu	15	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jewish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Muslim	35	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	3,150	1,755	1,400	35.1	40.0	30.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,910	4,370	4,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	8,100	3,980	4,120	90.9	91.1	90.6
Movers	810	390	420	9.1	8.9	9.2
Non-migrants	225	110	110	2.5	2.5	2.4
Migrants	585	280	305	6.6	6.4	6.7
Internal migrants	575	275	300	6.5	6.3	6.6
Intraprovincial migrants	560	270	285	6.3	6.2	6.3
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,685	4,235	4,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,545	2,700	2,845	63.8	63.8	64.0
Movers	3,135	1,540	1,600	36.1	36.4	36.0
Non-migrants	475	235	235	5.5	5.5	5.3
Migrants	2,665	1,305	1,360	30.7	30.8	30.6
Internal migrants	2,645	1,295	1,345	30.5	30.6	30.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,570	1,255	1,310	29.6	29.6	29.5
Interprovincial migrants	75	40	35	0.9	0.9	0.8
External migrants	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,865	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,675	860	815	21.3	22.6	20.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,185	2,945	3,240	78.6	77.4	79.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,550	2,180	2,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	580	335	245	12.7	15.4	10.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,970	1,850	2,120	87.3	84.9	89.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,860	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,480	750	735	18.8	19.7	18.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,690	1,365	1,325	34.2	35.9	32.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,695	1,695	1,995	47.0	44.5	49.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,625	1,230	1,395	33.4	32.3	34.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	550	390	160	7.0	10.2	3.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	225	145	80	2.9	3.8	2.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	320	240	80	4.1	6.3	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,990	790	1,195	25.3	20.8	29.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	50	40	1.1	1.3	1.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,065	470	600	13.5	12.4	14.8
Bachelor's degree	790	345	450	10.1	9.1	11.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	20	55	0.9	0.5	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Master's degree	185	90	95	2.4	2.4	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,550	2,185	2,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	500	290	205	11.0	13.3	8.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,535	815	725	33.7	37.3	30.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,515	1,080	1,440	55.3	49.4	60.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,785	800	990	39.2	36.6	41.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	280	195	85	6.2	8.9	3.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	125	90	40	2.7	4.1	1.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	155	105	45	3.4	4.8	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,470	590	880	32.3	27.0	37.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	10	20	0.8	0.5	0.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	725	280	450	15.9	12.8	19.0
Bachelor's degree	540	205	330	11.9	9.4	14.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	10	40	1.0	0.5	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	135	60	75	3.0	2.7	3.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,860	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,175	2,115	2,060	53.1	55.6	50.8
Education	205	65	140	2.6	1.7	3.5
13. Education	205	65	140	2.6	1.7	3.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	35	55	1.2	0.9	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	30	50	1.0	0.8	1.2
Humanities	95	45	45	1.2	1.2	1.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	505	130	375	6.4	3.4	9.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	30	0.6	0.4	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	15	125	1.7	0.4	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	100	20	85	1.3	0.5	2.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
42. Psychology	75	25	55	1.0	0.7	1.4
45. Social sciences	125	50	70	1.6	1.3	1.7
Business, management and public administration	635	210	420	8.1	5.5	10.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	30	65	1.2	0.8	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	545	185	360	6.9	4.9	8.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	40	20	0.8	1.1	0.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	25	25	0.6	0.7	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	710	695	10	9.0	18.3	0.2
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
14. Engineering	70	65	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	145	140	0	1.8	3.7	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	190	190	0	2.4	5.0	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	185	185	0	2.4	4.9	0.0
48. Precision production	105	105	0	1.3	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	40	40	1.0	1.1	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	0	30	0.4	0.0	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	40	10	0.6	1.1	0.2
Health and related fields	880	210	670	11.2	5.5	16.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	840	190	645	10.7	5.0	15.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	380	195	185	4.8	5.1	4.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	215	45	170	2.7	1.2	4.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	105	85	15	1.3	2.2	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	55	0	0.8	1.4	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,550	2,180	2,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,035	1,105	930	44.7	50.7	39.2
Education	120	30	90	2.6	1.4	3.8
13. Education	120	30	90	2.6	1.4	3.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	35	40	1.5	1.6	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	30	40	1.4	1.4	1.7
Humanities	65	40	35	1.4	1.8	1.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	375	75	300	8.2	3.4	12.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	30	1.0	0.7	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	10	105	2.5	0.5	4.4
22. Legal professions and studies	75	0	70	1.6	0.0	3.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	50	15	35	1.1	0.7	1.5
45. Social sciences	80	25	60	1.8	1.1	2.5
Business, management and public administration	440	140	290	9.7	6.4	12.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	50	1.4	0.7	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	370	130	240	8.1	6.0	10.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	0	20	0.7	0.0	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	25	15	1.0	1.1	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	25	15	1.0	1.1	0.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	435	430	0	9.6	19.7	0.0
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	25	20	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	110	105	0	2.4	4.8	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	120	120	0	2.6	5.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105	105	0	2.3	4.8	0.0
48. Precision production	65	65	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	30	30	1.3	1.4	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	30	10	0.9	1.4	0.4
Health and related fields	620	135	485	13.6	6.2	20.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	15	20	0.7	0.7	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	580	120	460	12.7	5.5	19.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	260	135	125	5.7	6.2	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	145	30	115	3.2	1.4	4.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	75	70	10	1.6	3.2	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,550	2,180	2,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,035	1,105	930	44.7	50.7	39.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,515	1,075	1,440	55.3	49.3	60.8
Location of study inside Canada	2,380	1,005	1,370	52.3	46.1	57.8
Same as province or territory of residence	2,280	965	1,315	50.1	44.3	55.5
Different than province or territory of residence	95	40	60	2.1	1.8	2.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	140	70	65	3.1	3.2	2.7
Americas	65	40	25	1.4	1.8	1.1
United States of America	50	25	25	1.1	1.1	1.1
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	20	25	1.1	0.9	1.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	10	0.4	0.7	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,860	3,805	4,055	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,040	2,075	1,965	...	...	...
Employed	3,570	1,835	1,735	...	...	...
Unemployed	465	240	230	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,825	1,730	2,095	...	...	...
Participation rate	51.4	54.5	48.5	51.4	54.5	48.5
Employment rate	45.4	48.2	42.8	45.4	48.2	42.8
Unemployment rate	11.5	11.6	11.7	11.5	11.6	11.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,860	3,805	4,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,740	1,695	2,040	47.6	44.5	50.3
Worked	4,125	2,110	2,015	52.5	55.5	49.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,090	1,095	995	26.6	28.8	24.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,035	1,020	1,020	25.9	26.8	25.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.7	41.0	40.4	40.7	41.0	40.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,035	2,075	1,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	40	40	2.0	1.9	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,955	2,035	1,920	98.0	98.1	98.0
Employee	3,430	1,705	1,725	85.0	82.2	88.0
Permanent position	2,925	1,405	1,520	72.5	67.7	77.6
Temporary position	505	305	200	12.5	14.7	10.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	60	40	20	1.5	1.9	1.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	440	260	180	10.9	12.5	9.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	530	325	200	13.1	15.7	10.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,035	2,075	1,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	40	40	2.0	1.9	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,955	2,035	1,920	98.0	98.1	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	40	25	15	1.0	1.2	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	500	120	380	12.4	5.8	19.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	175	150	25	4.3	7.2	1.3
3 Health occupations	480	140	340	11.9	6.7	17.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	490	185	310	12.1	8.9	15.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	65	25	40	1.6	1.2	2.0
6 Sales and service occupations	1,055	435	620	26.1	21.0	31.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	710	635	75	17.6	30.6	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	90	80	10	2.2	3.9	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	350	235	110	8.7	11.3	5.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,035	2,075	1,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	40	40	2.0	1.9	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	3,955	2,035	1,920	98.0	98.1	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	20	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
22 Utilities	30	20	10	0.7	1.0	0.5
23 Construction	320	305	15	7.9	14.7	0.8
31-33 Manufacturing	560	395	170	13.9	19.0	8.7
41 Wholesale trade	65	50	15	1.6	2.4	0.8
44-45 Retail trade	495	235	255	12.3	11.3	13.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	90	60	30	2.2	2.9	1.5
51 Information and cultural industries	45	25	15	1.1	1.2	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	100	25	75	2.5	1.2	3.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80	45	40	2.0	2.2	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	185	85	100	4.6	4.1	5.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	185	135	45	4.6	6.5	2.3
61 Educational services	230	75	155	5.7	3.6	7.9
62 Health care and social assistance	790	200	595	19.6	9.6	30.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	65	35	25	1.6	1.7	1.3
72 Accommodation and food services	220	75	145	5.5	3.6	7.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	200	110	85	5.0	5.3	4.3
91 Public administration	280	130	150	6.9	6.3	7.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,440	2,245	2,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,200	2,145	2,055	94.6	95.5	93.8
French	50	30	20	1.1	1.3	0.9
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	165	55	110	3.7	2.4	5.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,440	2,245	2,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,410	2,225	2,180	99.3	99.1	99.5
Official languages	4,410	2,225	2,180	99.3	99.1	99.5
English	4,350	2,195	2,155	98.0	97.8	98.4
French	55	30	25	1.2	1.3	1.1
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	30	20	15	0.7	0.9	0.7
English and French	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,440	2,245	2,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,285	2,195	2,090	96.5	97.8	95.4
English	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
French	145	50	90	3.3	2.2	4.1
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,570	1,840	1,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	580	250	330	16.2	13.6	19.0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	420	315	105	11.8	17.1	6.1
Usual place of work	2,565	1,270	1,300	71.8	69.0	74.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,570	1,270	1,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,120	530	590	43.6	41.7	45.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,350	675	675	52.5	53.1	51.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	100	65	40	3.9	5.1	3.1
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,985	1,585	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,730	1,475	1,260	91.5	93.1	89.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,460	1,345	1,120	82.4	84.9	79.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	270	130	135	9.0	8.2	9.6
Public transit	20	15	10	0.7	0.9	0.7
Walked	165	55	110	5.5	3.5	7.8
Bicycle	20	15	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
Other method	50	30	20	1.7	1.9	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,985	1,585	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,695	765	930	56.8	48.3	66.2
15 to 29 minutes	680	360	315	22.8	22.7	22.4
30 to 44 minutes	160	110	50	5.4	6.9	3.6
45 to 59 minutes	260	200	60	8.7	12.6	4.3
60 minutes and over	200	145	55	6.7	9.1	3.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,985	1,585	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	170	105	65	5.7	6.6	4.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	740	475	265	24.8	30.0	18.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	855	490	375	28.6	30.9	26.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	545	180	370	18.3	11.4	26.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	265	90	175	8.9	5.7	12.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	415	250	165	13.9	15.8	11.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,400	730	665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	365	185	185	26.1	25.3	27.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,035	550	485	73.9	75.3	72.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,050	555	495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	290	150	140	27.6	27.0	28.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	195	100	95	18.6	18.0	19.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	95	50	50	9.0	9.0	10.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	760	405	355	72.4	73.0	71.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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