Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Minden Hills, Township (TP)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	6,971
Population, 2016¹	6,088
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	14.5
Total private dwellings²	6,019
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,229
Population density per square kilometre	8.2
Land area in square kilometres	847.37
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	6,975
0 to 14 years	730
0 to 4 years	235
5 to 9 years	240
10 to 14 years	260
15 to 64 years	3,820
15 to 19 years	230
20 to 24 years	215
25 to 29 years	275
30 to 34 years	330
35 to 39 years	315
40 to 44 years	255
45 to 49 years	295
50 to 54 years	365
55 to 59 years	650
60 to 64 years	890
65 years and over	2,420
65 to 69 years	820
70 to 74 years	615
75 to 79 years	425
80 to 84 years	300
85 years and over	260
85 to 89 years	170
90 to 94 years	70
95 to 99 years	15
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.5
15 to 64 years	54.8
65 years and over	34.7
85 years and over	3.7
Average age of the population	52.0
Median age of the population	58.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,230
Single-detached house	3,000
Semi-detached house	10
Row house	30
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	145
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5
Other single-attached house	10
Movable dwelling⁴	10
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,230
1 person	975
2 persons	1,490
3 persons	360
4 persons	265
5 or more persons	145
Number of persons in private households	6,885
Average household size	2.1
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	6,240
Married or living common-law	4,000
Married	3,205
Living common-law	795
Living common law - Never married	430
Living common law - Separated	55
Living common law - Divorced	270
Living common law - Widowed	45
Not married and not living common-law	2,235
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,110
Not married and not living common law - Separated	185
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	400
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	540
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,235
2 persons	1,575
3 persons	330
4 persons	225
5 or more persons	100
Average size of census families	2.5
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,230
Total couple families	1,970
Married couples	1,570
With children⁶	445
Without children	1,125
Common-law couples	400
With children⁶	125
Without children	270
Total one-parent families	265
in which the parent is a woman+	190
in which the parent is a man+	75
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	6,880
Total - Persons in census families	5,570
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,940
Parents in one-parent families	260
Children⁶	1,375
In a two-parent family	1,000
In a one-parent family	375
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,310
Living alone	975
Living with other relatives⁷	150
Living with non-relatives only	190
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,230
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,990
Couple-family households	1,805
With children⁶	515
Without children	1,295
One-parent-family households	185
Multigenerational households⁸	85
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	85
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	80
One-person households	975
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,035
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,035
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,305
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,585
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,535
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	510
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,330
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,110
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,010
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,010
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,355
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,590
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,550
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,540
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	545
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,240
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,240
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,110
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,400
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,455
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,360
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	49.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,155
Without total income	120
With total income	6,035
Under $10,000 (including loss)	445
$10,000 to $19,999	805
$20,000 to $29,999	1,115
$30,000 to $39,999	845
$40,000 to $49,999	665
$50,000 to $59,999	580
$60,000 to $69,999	425
$70,000 to $79,999	330
$80,000 to $89,999	200
$90,000 to $99,999	150
$100,000 and over	465
$100,000 to $149,999	290
$150,000 and over	180
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,155
Without after-tax income	120
With after-tax income	6,035
Under $10,000 (including loss)	495
$10,000 to $19,999	865
$20,000 to $29,999	1,185
$30,000 to $39,999	980
$40,000 to $49,999	800
$50,000 to $59,999	580
$60,000 to $69,999	410
$70,000 to $79,999	225
$80,000 to $89,999	130
$90,000 to $99,999	100
$100,000 and over	265
$100,000 to $124,999	125
$125,000 and over	140
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,155
Without employment income	2,570
With employment income	3,585
Under $5,000 (including loss)	775
$5,000 to $9,999	270
$10,000 to $19,999	485
$20,000 to $29,999	355
$30,000 to $39,999	355
$40,000 to $49,999	290
$50,000 to $59,999	260
$60,000 to $69,999	195
$70,000 to $79,999	135
$80,000 to $89,999	100
$90,000 to $99,999	85
$100,000 and over	290
$100,000 to $124,999	115
$125,000 and over	175
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,970
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,985
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,315
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,740
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,375
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	465
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,450
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,110
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,925
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,930
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,325
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,700
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,330
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	500
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,110
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,400
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,400
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	81.4
Employment income (%)	55.1
Government transfers (%)	18.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,230
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,500
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	975
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,255
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,230
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	93,600
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,100
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,000
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,500
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,235
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,300
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,100
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,225
Under $5,000	30
$5,000 to $9,999	20
$10,000 to $14,999	60
$15,000 to $19,999	75
$20,000 to $24,999	150
$25,000 to $29,999	130
$30,000 to $34,999	115
$35,000 to $39,999	155
$40,000 to $44,999	135
$45,000 to $49,999	130
$50,000 to $59,999	280
$60,000 to $69,999	240
$70,000 to $79,999	245
$80,000 to $89,999	225
$90,000 to $99,999	185
$100,000 and over	1,055
$100,000 to $124,999	375
$125,000 to $149,999	250
$150,000 to $199,999	235
$200,000 and over	200
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,225
Under $5,000	45
$5,000 to $9,999	20
$10,000 to $14,999	50
$15,000 to $19,999	75
$20,000 to $24,999	150
$25,000 to $29,999	150
$30,000 to $34,999	140
$35,000 to $39,999	165
$40,000 to $44,999	160
$45,000 to $49,999	160
$50,000 to $59,999	310
$60,000 to $69,999	295
$70,000 to $79,999	275
$80,000 to $89,999	245
$90,000 to $99,999	215
$100,000 and over	785
$100,000 to $124,999	350
$125,000 to $149,999	180
$150,000 and over	255
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,200
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000
Average family size of economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,310
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	580
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	240
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,160
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,180
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,500
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,100
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,285
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,900
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,700
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	585
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	240
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,165
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,300
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	6,880
0 to 17 years	860
0 to 5 years	280
18 to 64 years	3,655
65 years and over	2,360
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	850
0 to 17 years	105
0 to 5 years	30
18 to 64 years	455
65 years and over	290
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.3
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4
65 years and over (%)	12.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	6,880
0 to 17 years	865
0 to 5 years	285
18 to 64 years	3,655
65 years and over	2,360
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	205
0 to 17 years	20
0 to 5 years	5
18 to 64 years	160
65 years and over	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3
65 years and over (%)	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	6,880
In bottom half of the distribution	3,790
In bottom decile	680
In second decile	800
In third decile	830
In fourth decile	725
In fifth decile	760
In top half of the distribution	3,095
In sixth decile	785
In seventh decile	675
In eighth decile	515
In ninth decile	570
In top decile	555
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	6,880
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.348
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.495
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.301
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	6,910
English only	6,565
French only	0
English and French	340
Neither English nor French	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	6,910
English	6,855
French	55
English and French	0
Neither English nor French	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	6,910
Single responses	6,860
Official languages	6,505
English	6,440
French	65
Non-official languages	355
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	350
Afro-Asiatic languages	5
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	5
Amharic	0
Arabic	5
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	5
Maltese	5
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	15
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	275
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	90
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	5
Macedonian	5
Polish	25
Russian	35
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	10
Bosnian	0
Croatian	5
Serbian	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	120
Frisian	0
High German languages	70
German	65
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	5
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	40
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50
Catalan	0
Italian	25
Portuguese	10
Romanian	5
Spanish	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	5
Korean	10
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15
Chinese languages	15
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	25
Estonian	5
Finnish	15
Hungarian	15
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	55
English and French	25
English and non-official language(s)	30
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	6,910
English	6,625
French	5
Non-official language	45
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	45
English and French	45
English and non-official language(s)	180
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	6,910
Single responses	6,890
Official languages	6,795
English	6,790
French	10
Non-official languages	95
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	55
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	40
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	10
Russian	20
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	5
Frisian	0
High German languages	5
German	5
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10
Catalan	0
Italian	5
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	10
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5
Chinese languages	5
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	15
Estonian	0
Finnish	5
Hungarian	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	20
English and French	5
English and non-official language(s)	20
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	6,910
None	6,695
English	50
French	40
Non-official language	110
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	110
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	5
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	6,885
Official languages	6,875
English	6,875
French	415
Non-official languages	475
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	475
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	10
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	380
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	65
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	15
Russian	20
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	10
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	170
Frisian	0
High German languages	100
German	90
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	10
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	45
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	15
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155
Catalan	0
Italian	30
Portuguese	20
Romanian	15
Spanish	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	15
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10
Chinese languages	10
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	55
Estonian	0
Finnish	25
Hungarian	20
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,880
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	95
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	90
First Nations (North American Indian)	50
Métis	40
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0
Non-Indigenous identity	6,785
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,880
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,870
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,230
Owner	2,860
Renter	370
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,230
Condominium	45
Not condominium	3,180
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,230
No bedrooms	0
1 bedroom	205
2 bedrooms	860
3 bedrooms	1,405
4 or more bedrooms	750
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,230
1 to 4 rooms	575
5 rooms	575
6 rooms	635
7 rooms	565
8 or more rooms	880
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,230
One person or fewer per room	3,195
More than one person per room	35
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,230
Suitable	3,145
Not suitable	80
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,230
1960 or before	665
1961 to 1980	980
1981 to 1990	535
1991 to 2000	420
2001 to 2005	145
2006 to 2010	180
2011 to 2015	150
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	145
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,230
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,940
Major repairs needed	290
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,230
One-maintainer household	1,615
Two-maintainer household	1,500
Three-or-more-maintainer household	115
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,230
15 to 24 years	15
25 to 34 years	225
35 to 44 years	295
45 to 54 years	335
55 to 64 years	920
65 to 74 years	830
75 to 84 years	460
85 years and over	145
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,195
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,730
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	465
30% to less than 100%	450
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,230
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	770
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	400
Not suitable only	75
Major repairs needed only	235
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	2,455
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,180
In core need	250
Not in core need	2,925
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,850
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	46.1
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.0
% in core housing need⁶³	6.7
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	770
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,006
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	577,500
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	365
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	35.6
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.2
% in core housing need⁶³	16.4
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	6,880
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	40
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25
Métis single ancestry	15
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	160
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	160
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	6,680
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	6,880
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,805
Canadian citizens aged under 18	875
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,925
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	80
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	6,880
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,270
Immigrants⁸¹	600
Before 1980	435
1980 to 1990	50
1991 to 2000	65
2001 to 2010	30
2011 to 2021⁸²	20
2011 to 2015	0
2016 to 2021	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	600
Under 5 years	100
5 to 14 years	145
15 to 24 years	165
25 to 44 years	170
45 years and over	30
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	600
Americas	75
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	15
Mexico	0
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	45
Other places of birth in Americas	15
Europe	460
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	0
Germany	40
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	25
Poland	0
Portugal	15
Romania	25
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	215
Other places of birth in Europe	95
Africa	20
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	35
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	10
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15
Americas	10
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	0
United States of America	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	0
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	0
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	0
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	0
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	6,880
First generation¹⁰⁰	650
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,100
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,135
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	170
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	75
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	30
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	50
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	65
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	170
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	110
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	6,880
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	195
South Asian	30
Chinese	35
Black	45
Filipino	35
Arab	0
Latin American	0
Southeast Asian	0
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	6,685
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	6,885
Canadian	1,365
English	2,435
Irish	1,610
Scottish	1,550
French, n.o.s.¹²²	390
German	715
Chinese	50
Italian	235
Indian (India)	30
Ukrainian	115
Dutch	280
Polish	150
Québécois	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	480
Filipino	25
French Canadian	165
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	150
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	55
Métis	60
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	130
Russian	85
Norwegian	10
Welsh	185
Portuguese	70
American	110
Spanish	20
Swedish	75
Hungarian	60
Acadian	15
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0
Jewish	0
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	35
Jamaican	25
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0
Korean	0
Romanian	55
Lebanese	0
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30
Danish	35
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20
Sikh	0
Austrian	65
Belgian	15
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	35
Mennonite	0
Swiss	25
Finnish	75
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	25
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0
Tamil	0
Icelandic	0
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	35
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0
Serbian	35
Ojibway	10
Newfoundlander	25
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	30
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	30
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	20
South African	0
Australian	25
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	10
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	30
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	15
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	20
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	10
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	10
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	0
United Empire Loyalist	20
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	10
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	20
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	6,880
Buddhist	0
Christian	3,680
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	345
Anabaptist	10
Anglican	645
Baptist	175
Catholic	975
Christian Orthodox	50
Jehovah's Witness	50
Latter Day Saints	0
Lutheran	65
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	45
Presbyterian	100
Reformed	0
United Church	1,080
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	130
Hindu	0
Jewish	40
Muslim	0
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20
No religion and secular perspectives	3,140
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	6,850
Non-movers	6,130
Movers	715
Non-migrants	135
Migrants	580
Internal migrants	570
Intraprovincial migrants	550
Interprovincial migrants	15
External migrants	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	6,645
Non-movers	3,840
Movers	2,805
Non-migrants	415
Migrants	2,395
Internal migrants	2,380
Intraprovincial migrants	2,315
Interprovincial migrants	65
External migrants	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,110
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,200
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,910
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,405
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	435
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,970
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,050
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,930
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,130
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	585
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	140
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	445
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,490
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105
Bachelor's degree or higher	950
Bachelor's degree	650
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25
Master's degree	155
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,405
No certificate, diploma or degree	365
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,065
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,975
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,425
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	360
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	275
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,020
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45
Bachelor's degree or higher	550
Bachelor's degree	400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15
Master's degree	75
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,980
Education	180
13. Education	180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10
50. Visual and performing arts	95
Humanities	150
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10
23. English language and literature/letters	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	25
54. History	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	400
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115
22. Legal professions and studies	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10
42. Psychology	55
45. Social sciences	120
Business, management and public administration	545
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	470
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	810
04. Architecture and related services	40
14. Engineering	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	175
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	220
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	245
48. Precision production	75
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	195
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	145
Health and related fields	435
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	395
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	155
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	20
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,430
Education	80
13. Education	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70
Humanities	70
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0
54. History	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	250
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90
22. Legal professions and studies	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	35
45. Social sciences	40
Business, management and public administration	330
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	280
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	500
04. Architecture and related services	15
14. Engineering	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	100
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	130
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	160
48. Precision production	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	115
Health and related fields	285
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	250
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	120
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	80
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	15
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,430
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,975
Location of study inside Canada	1,885
Same as province or territory of residence	1,805
Different than province or territory of residence	80
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	85
Americas	25
United States of America	25
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	35
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	0
Netherlands	0
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	0
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	15
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	0
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	10
Australia	10
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,110
In the labour force	3,005
Employed	2,670
Unemployed	340
Not in the labour force	3,105
Participation rate	49.2
Employment rate	43.7
Unemployment rate	11.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,110
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,085
Worked	3,030
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,470
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,560
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,005
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,910
Employee	2,255
Permanent position	1,845
Temporary position	410
Fixed term (1 year or more)	90
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	320
Self-employed¹⁹²	655
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,005
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,910
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	430
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	170
3 Health occupations	255
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	305
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80
6 Sales and service occupations	730
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	775
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	80
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	65
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,005
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95
All industries¹⁹¹	2,910
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0
22 Utilities	50
23 Construction	440
31-33 Manufacturing	135
41 Wholesale trade	70
44-45 Retail trade	420
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	100
51 Information and cultural industries	70
52 Finance and insurance	65
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	190
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	165
61 Educational services	150
62 Health care and social assistance	440
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80
72 Accommodation and food services	160
81 Other services (except public administration)	100
91 Public administration	140
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,285
English	3,230
French	0
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	45
English and non-official language(s)	10
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,285
Single responses	3,275
Official languages	3,270
English	3,270
French	0
Non-official languages	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	10
English and French	10
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,285
None	3,245
English	0
French	30
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,670
Worked at home	510
Worked outside Canada	10
No fixed workplace address	470
Usual place of work	1,680
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,680
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	900
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	460
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	305
Commute to a different province or territory	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,150
Car, truck or van	1,995
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,870
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	130
Public transit	10
Walked	80
Bicycle	0
Other method	50
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,150
Less than 15 minutes	705
15 to 29 minutes	865
30 to 44 minutes	310
45 to 59 minutes	50
60 minutes and over	225
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,150
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	385
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	660
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	535
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	300
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	165
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	885
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	835
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	640
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	600

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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