Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Arnprior, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	9,629	...	...
Population, 2016¹	8,795	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	4,458	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	4,308	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	738.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	13.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	9,630	4,595	5,030
0 to 14 years	1,515	770	745
0 to 4 years	465	210	250
5 to 9 years	530	275	250
10 to 14 years	520	280	235
15 to 64 years	5,500	2,685	2,820
15 to 19 years	415	225	185
20 to 24 years	365	190	175
25 to 29 years	565	275	285
30 to 34 years	605	290	310
35 to 39 years	580	280	300
40 to 44 years	475	235	240
45 to 49 years	510	245	270
50 to 54 years	485	240	245
55 to 59 years	725	350	380
60 to 64 years	780	350	430
65 years and over	2,615	1,145	1,475
65 to 69 years	750	335	410
70 to 74 years	670	310	360
75 to 79 years	465	215	250
80 to 84 years	340	140	195
85 years and over	390	140	255
85 to 89 years	245	90	155
90 to 94 years	110	40	70
95 to 99 years	35	10	25
100 years and over	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.8	14.8
15 to 64 years	57.1	58.4	56.1
65 years and over	27.2	24.9	29.3
85 years and over	4.0	3.0	5.1
Average age of the population	46.0	44.4	47.4
Median age of the population	48.0	45.6	50.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	4,310	...	...
Single-detached house	2,230	...	...
Semi-detached house	450	...	...
Row house	550	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	90	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	915	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	55	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	4,305	...	...
1 person	1,445	...	...
2 persons	1,645	...	...
3 persons	555	...	...
4 persons	430	...	...
5 or more persons	235	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,415	4,520	4,895
Average household size	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	8,120	3,825	4,290
Married or living common-law	4,610	2,310	2,295
Married	3,660	1,820	1,835
Living common-law	955	485	465
Living common law - Never married	660	345	315
Living common law - Separated	55	35	25
Living common law - Divorced	205	100	105
Living common law - Widowed	35	10	25
Not married and not living common-law	3,505	1,515	1,990
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,830	980	850
Not married and not living common law - Separated	320	125	195
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	660	265	400
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	695	140	550
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,765	...	...
2 persons	1,655	...	...
3 persons	515	...	...
4 persons	410	...	...
5 or more persons	185	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,770	...	...
Total couple families	2,270	...	...
Married couples	1,790	...	...
With children⁶	740	...	...
Without children	1,050	...	...
Common-law couples	475	...	...
With children⁶	180	...	...
Without children	295	...	...
Total one-parent families	505	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	380	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	125	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	9,415	4,515	4,895
Total - Persons in census families	7,495	3,735	3,760
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,530	2,280	2,255
Parents in one-parent families	500	125	375
Children⁶	2,465	1,340	1,125
In a two-parent family	1,690	905	785
In a one-parent family	775	430	340
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,920	780	1,140
Living alone	1,440	555	890
Living with other relatives⁷	205	85	120
Living with non-relatives only	275	145	130
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	4,305	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,530	...	...
Couple-family households	2,110	...	...
With children⁶	850	...	...
Without children	1,255	...	...
One-parent-family households	425	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	95	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	150	...	...
One-person households	1,440	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,905	3,745	4,150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,700	3,645	4,050
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	48,800	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,700	3,645	4,050
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	43,200	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,705	3,260	3,445
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	44,800	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,010	2,590	2,420
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	45,200	31,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,035	3,245	3,795
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	10,600	13,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	730	365	365
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,520	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,665	755	905
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,905	3,750	4,155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,720	3,655	4,060
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,560	56,600	43,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,720	3,655	4,060
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,160	47,080	37,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,740	3,320	3,420
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,040	51,850	36,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,010	2,600	2,410
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,520	51,300	39,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,080	3,275	3,805
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100	10,630	13,360
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	780	365	415
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,920	6,760	7,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,670	795	880
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,020	8,240	9,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,900	3,750	4,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,415	1,355	1,055
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,400	68,500	57,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,300	75,500	61,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,870	870	1,000
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,200	19,800	15,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,160	30,700	24,080
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.6	83.2	71.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.6	64.6	53.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.4	16.8	29.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.2	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.8	3.6	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.2	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,900	3,750	4,155
Without total income	205	105	100
With total income	7,700	3,645	4,055
Under $10,000 (including loss)	490	205	280
$10,000 to $19,999	975	375	600
$20,000 to $29,999	1,240	495	740
$30,000 to $39,999	1,010	425	590
$40,000 to $49,999	890	370	515
$50,000 to $59,999	750	335	415
$60,000 to $69,999	625	335	290
$70,000 to $79,999	490	285	210
$80,000 to $89,999	370	235	140
$90,000 to $99,999	225	140	80
$100,000 and over	635	440	195
$100,000 to $149,999	495	335	160
$150,000 and over	135	105	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,900	3,750	4,155
Without after-tax income	205	105	100
With after-tax income	7,700	3,645	4,055
Under $10,000 (including loss)	535	210	320
$10,000 to $19,999	1,030	405	625
$20,000 to $29,999	1,405	565	835
$30,000 to $39,999	1,145	490	655
$40,000 to $49,999	1,045	470	580
$50,000 to $59,999	850	445	405
$60,000 to $69,999	630	350	275
$70,000 to $79,999	365	240	125
$80,000 to $89,999	275	170	105
$90,000 to $99,999	155	100	55
$100,000 and over	265	200	60
$100,000 to $124,999	160	120	40
$125,000 and over	100	80	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,900	3,750	4,155
Without employment income	2,890	1,155	1,735
With employment income	5,010	2,595	2,420
Under $5,000 (including loss)	765	390	375
$5,000 to $9,999	370	155	210
$10,000 to $19,999	600	250	345
$20,000 to $29,999	435	190	240
$30,000 to $39,999	445	200	240
$40,000 to $49,999	480	220	260
$50,000 to $59,999	410	210	195
$60,000 to $69,999	360	220	145
$70,000 to $79,999	290	180	110
$80,000 to $89,999	245	160	90
$90,000 to $99,999	190	120	75
$100,000 and over	425	295	130
$100,000 to $124,999	240	150	90
$125,000 and over	185	145	40
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,905	3,745	4,150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,600	3,590	4,005
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	48,800	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,600	3,590	4,005
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	42,800	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,695	3,260	3,435
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	45,600	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,070	2,620	2,450
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,000	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,775	3,120	3,655
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	5,200	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	615	290	325
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,480	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,905	3,750	4,155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,585	3,595	3,990
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,480	54,750	40,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,585	3,595	3,990
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,560	45,840	35,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,715	3,285	3,435
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,960	51,900	36,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,055	2,625	2,435
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,360	51,400	38,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,770	3,095	3,675
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,590	8,550	10,470
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	680	345	335
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,400	7,280	7,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,900	3,750	4,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,400	1,350	1,055
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,600	62,400	53,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,800	71,300	56,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,780	825	955
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	23,200	21,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,280	35,100	28,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.0	86.6	76.4
Employment income (%)	63.7	68.4	57.9
Government transfers (%)	18.0	13.4	23.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.3	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	4,305	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,440	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,865	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	4,305	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	88,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,435	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,875	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	4,305	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	175	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	155	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	190	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	335	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	310	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	310	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	250	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,465	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	515	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	350	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	355	...	...
$200,000 and over	240	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	4,305	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	135	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	230	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	220	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	180	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	205	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	215	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	210	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	385	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	370	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	335	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	345	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	270	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,090	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	500	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	260	...	...
$150,000 and over	330	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,760	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,265	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	930	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	475	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,720	700	1,020
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,600	40,000	36,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	35,600	33,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,770	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,255	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	930	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	485	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,710	725	990
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,760	49,900	42,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,560	42,400	37,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	9,415	4,520	4,900
0 to 17 years	1,770	910	865
0 to 5 years	575	275	305
18 to 64 years	5,220	2,530	2,690
65 years and over	2,425	1,080	1,345
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,130	470	660
0 to 17 years	225	120	105
0 to 5 years	70	30	40
18 to 64 years	565	245	320
65 years and over	345	110	230
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.0	10.4	13.5
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	13.0	12.6
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	12.0	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	9.6	12.0
65 years and over (%)	14.1	10.2	17.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	9,415	4,515	4,895
0 to 17 years	1,770	905	865
0 to 5 years	580	270	305
18 to 64 years	5,215	2,530	2,685
65 years and over	2,425	1,080	1,345
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	315	150	165
0 to 17 years	60	35	25
0 to 5 years	15	10	10
18 to 64 years	230	105	120
65 years and over	25	5	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.3	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.8	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	3.6	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	4.2	4.6
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.8	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	9,415	4,520	4,895
In bottom half of the distribution	4,920	2,230	2,690
In bottom decile	930	410	520
In second decile	1,065	440	625
In third decile	1,010	475	540
In fourth decile	1,000	475	525
In fifth decile	915	440	480
In top half of the distribution	4,495	2,290	2,205
In sixth decile	1,095	545	550
In seventh decile	970	485	485
In eighth decile	860	440	415
In ninth decile	900	480	415
In top decile	680	345	335
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	9,415	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.304	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.435	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	9,555	4,560	4,990
English only	8,335	4,000	4,330
French only	5	0	5
English and French	1,195	550	645
Neither English nor French	15	5	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	9,555	4,560	4,990
English	9,145	4,355	4,785
French	365	180	180
English and French	30	15	15
Neither English nor French	15	5	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	9,555	4,560	4,990
Single responses	9,385	4,485	4,900
Official languages	8,980	4,295	4,685
English	8,600	4,105	4,495
French	380	185	190
Non-official languages	405	190	215
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	405	190	215
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5
Vietnamese	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	0
Tamil	10	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	290	140	150
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	25	45
Baltic languages	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0
Slavic languages	70	20	45
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	40	15	25
Russian	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	30	40
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	40	15	25
German	40	15	25
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	5	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	30	5	20
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	70	45	30
Indo-Aryan languages	60	40	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10
Hindi	5	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	10
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	5	10
Dari	5	0	0
Iranian Persian	10	0	5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	40	30
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	5
Portuguese	15	5	5
Romanian	5	5	0
Spanish	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5
Chinese languages	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	165	70	95
English and French	95	40	55
English and non-official language(s)	60	25	35
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	9,555	4,560	4,990
English	8,905	4,275	4,635
French	55	20	35
Non-official language	65	30	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	30	35
English and French	215	90	125
English and non-official language(s)	260	120	140
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	9,555	4,560	4,990
Single responses	9,435	4,510	4,920
Official languages	9,290	4,445	4,850
English	9,210	4,405	4,805
French	80	40	40
Non-official languages	145	65	75
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	145	65	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	40	45
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	15
Indo-Aryan languages	40	25	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5
Chinese languages	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	120	45	70
English and French	60	25	35
English and non-official language(s)	55	20	30
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	9,550	4,560	4,990
None	9,130	4,365	4,765
English	85	45	35
French	140	50	85
Non-official language	155	75	80
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	155	75	80
English and French	0	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	9,415	4,520	4,895
Official languages	9,380	4,510	4,870
English	9,380	4,510	4,870
French	1,195	605	595
Non-official languages	640	310	325
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	630	310	325
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	30	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	30	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	30	30	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	35	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	470	230	240
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	35	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	85	35	50
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	35	15	25
Russian	25	15	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	10	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	125	50	70
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	70	35	40
German	70	35	40
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	15	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	40	15	25
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	75	45	25
Indo-Aryan languages	65	45	20
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	15	0
Hindi	35	20	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	15
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	20	10	15
Dari	20	10	10
Iranian Persian	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	90	90
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0
Portuguese	45	20	20
Romanian	15	10	0
Spanish	125	60	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10
American Sign Language	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	15	25
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,415	4,520	4,895
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	580	270	310
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	550	260	290
First Nations (North American Indian)	280	140	140
Métis	265	115	150
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	10
Non-Indigenous identity	8,835	4,250	4,585
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	9,415	4,520	4,895
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	120	70	50
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,290	4,450	4,845
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	4,305	...	...
Owner	2,730	...	...
Renter	1,580	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	4,305	...	...
Condominium	235	...	...
Not condominium	4,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	4,305	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...
1 bedroom	565	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,100	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,915	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	715	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	4,305	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,115	...	...
5 rooms	615	...	...
6 rooms	770	...	...
7 rooms	715	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,085	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	4,305	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,295	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	4,305	...	...
Suitable	4,195	...	...
Not suitable	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	4,305	...	...
1960 or before	1,340	...	...
1961 to 1980	820	...	...
1981 to 1990	440	...	...
1991 to 2000	380	...	...
2001 to 2005	190	...	...
2006 to 2010	305	...	...
2011 to 2015	425	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	4,305	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,010	...	...
Major repairs needed	300	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	4,305	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,375	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,865	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	4,305	...	...
15 to 24 years	90	...	...
25 to 34 years	535	...	...
35 to 44 years	615	...	...
45 to 54 years	560	...	...
55 to 64 years	895	...	...
65 to 74 years	905	...	...
75 to 84 years	480	...	...
85 years and over	230	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,465	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	820	...	...
30% to less than 100%	790	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	4,305	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,125	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	715	...	...
Not suitable only	100	...	...
Major repairs needed only	190	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	100	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,185	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,255	...	...
In core need	425	...	...
Not in core need	3,825	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,725	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,170	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,269	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	441,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,585	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	20.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,085	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	9,415	4,515	4,900
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	165	90	75
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	160	90	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	70	45	20
Métis single ancestry	90	40	45
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	660	345	315
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	625	330	290
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	465	270	195
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	155	55	100
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,595	4,085	4,510
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	9,415	4,515	4,900
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	9,255	4,445	4,810
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,720	880	840
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,535	3,565	3,970
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	155	75	85
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	9,415	4,515	4,900
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,705	4,185	4,515
Immigrants⁸¹	695	320	375
Before 1980	300	145	155
1980 to 1990	80	35	40
1991 to 2000	60	25	35
2001 to 2010	125	65	65
2011 to 2021⁸²	120	45	75
2011 to 2015	60	25	35
2016 to 2021	65	25	45
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	15	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	695	320	370
Under 5 years	105	55	55
5 to 14 years	135	65	65
15 to 24 years	160	70	85
25 to 44 years	265	110	155
45 years and over	40	20	20
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	695	320	370
Americas	130	60	70
Brazil	20	10	15
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	50	30	20
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	20
Europe	385	185	195
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	60	25	30
Greece	15	10	0
Hungary	15	0	15
Italy	10	0	0
Netherlands	30	20	0
Poland	20	0	20
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	160	75	90
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	15
Africa	20	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	155	70	90
Afghanistan	10	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	0	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	25	10	10
Pakistan	20	10	10
Sri Lanka	40	20	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	65	25	40
Americas	35	10	20
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	15	10	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	15	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	9,415	4,520	4,895
First generation¹⁰⁰	785	370	410
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,010	495	515
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,625	3,650	3,975
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	390	170	220
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	165	70	95
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	30	35
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	100	40	60
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	145	45	100
Refugees¹⁰⁸	80	55	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	390	170	220
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	20	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	20	30
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	290	115	170
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	9,415	4,520	4,895
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	400	190	210
South Asian	120	75	50
Chinese	10	10	0
Black	45	0	45
Filipino	25	0	20
Arab	15	15	0
Latin American	25	10	10
Southeast Asian	60	30	25
West Asian	45	20	25
Korean	15	10	0
Japanese	30	10	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	9,020	4,330	4,690
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	9,415	4,520	4,895
Canadian	1,570	775	795
English	2,000	915	1,080
Irish	3,090	1,490	1,605
Scottish	2,670	1,305	1,365
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,835	915	920
German	1,470	705	755
Chinese	35	15	15
Italian	315	170	140
Indian (India)	70	45	25
Ukrainian	165	90	70
Dutch	330	140	190
Polish	605	285	315
Québécois	55	25	30
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	495	215	290
Filipino	10	0	10
French Canadian	245	120	125
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	275	115	155
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	255	130	120
Métis	285	110	175
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	115	70	45
Russian	50	10	35
Norwegian	80	35	40
Welsh	240	120	120
Portuguese	25	15	15
American	70	30	45
Spanish	80	40	45
Swedish	70	15	55
Hungarian	75	25	50
Acadian	40	10	30
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0
Jewish	20	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	30
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	15	20
Greek	15	10	10
Jamaican	10	0	10
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	25	15	0
Korean	15	15	10
Romanian	15	15	0
Lebanese	10	0	0
Iranian	15	10	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	90	35	50
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50	35	25
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	45	15	30
Belgian	15	0	10
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	20	10	0
Swiss	20	10	10
Finnish	45	20	25
Sri Lankan	50	25	20
Croatian	25	15	15
Japanese	25	10	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	20	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	45	35	15
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	10	15
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	15
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	40	20	20
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	25	10
Newfoundlander	40	20	20
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	85	40	45
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	10	20
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	140	80	65
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	0	20
South African	15	10	10
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10
New Brunswicker	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	10	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	10	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	25	15	15
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	20	10	15
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	9,415	4,520	4,895
Buddhist	35	15	20
Christian	6,120	2,800	3,320
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	590	230	360
Anabaptist	15	10	0
Anglican	825	365	460
Baptist	190	70	120
Catholic	3,050	1,510	1,550
Christian Orthodox	35	20	10
Jehovah's Witness	25	15	15
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	155	75	75
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	165	80	85
Presbyterian	170	65	105
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	625	255	375
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	245	105	145
Hindu	65	40	20
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	50	30	20
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	10	35
No religion and secular perspectives	3,115	1,620	1,495
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	9,350	4,480	4,870
Non-movers	8,110	3,855	4,260
Movers	1,235	630	605
Non-migrants	430	215	210
Migrants	810	415	395
Internal migrants	780	395	380
Intraprovincial migrants	695	355	340
Interprovincial migrants	90	40	45
External migrants	25	15	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,925	4,295	4,630
Non-movers	4,960	2,360	2,600
Movers	3,965	1,930	2,030
Non-migrants	970	440	530
Migrants	2,990	1,490	1,500
Internal migrants	2,880	1,435	1,445
Intraprovincial migrants	2,550	1,285	1,260
Interprovincial migrants	330	145	185
External migrants	115	60	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,900	3,750	4,150
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,430	750	685
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,470	2,995	3,470
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,700	2,245	2,455
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	485	290	200
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,215	1,960	2,255
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,905	3,750	4,155
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,265	680	585
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,485	1,250	1,235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,150	1,825	2,330
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,895	1,280	1,610
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	525	365	160
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	250	140	110
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	275	220	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,245	860	1,385
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	55	70
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,260	540	715
Bachelor's degree	925	380	550
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	35	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	10
Master's degree	205	85	120
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	30	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,700	2,250	2,450
No certificate, diploma or degree	410	255	155
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,380	725	655
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,915	1,270	1,645
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,950	870	1,080
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	340	260	80
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	160	100	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	180	160	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,555	585	970
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	25	30
Bachelor's degree or higher	965	400	565
Bachelor's degree	715	280	430
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	35	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10
Master's degree	150	55	95
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	20	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,900	3,745	4,155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,750	1,930	1,820
Education	210	40	170
13. Education	210	40	170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	35	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	15	75
Humanities	205	90	120
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	50	15	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	30	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15
54. History	25	10	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	480	140	340
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	45	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	140	10	130
22. Legal professions and studies	50	0	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	75	15	60
45. Social sciences	145	70	75
Business, management and public administration	770	250	520
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	25	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	675	225	450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	90	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	25	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	45	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	110	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	130	80	50
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	865	800	65
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0
14. Engineering	170	135	35
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	255	225	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	160	160	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	185	185	0
48. Precision production	85	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	135	55	75
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80	30	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	25	25
Health and related fields	725	65	665
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	30	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	675	30	640
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	320	150	175
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170	25	145
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	110	75	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,700	2,250	2,455
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,785	980	810
Education	135	25	105
13. Education	135	25	105
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	25	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	15	55
Humanities	130	45	85
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	20	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	420	135	285
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	45	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	10	115
22. Legal professions and studies	45	0	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	70	15	55
45. Social sciences	120	60	60
Business, management and public administration	500	145	355
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	15	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	430	130	300
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	55	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	20	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	25	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	75	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	65	50
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	635	580	55
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0
14. Engineering	130	95	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	185	160	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	120	120	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	125	125	0
48. Precision production	65	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	45	55
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55	20	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	25	20
Health and related fields	450	40	410
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	15	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	420	25	400
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	225	105	120
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	110	25	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	85	55	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,700	2,250	2,455
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,785	980	810
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,910	1,270	1,645
Location of study inside Canada	2,750	1,205	1,540
Same as province or territory of residence	2,565	1,140	1,425
Different than province or territory of residence	185	65	120
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	165	65	100
Americas	50	20	30
United States of America	25	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	70	30	45
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	15	0	10
Romania	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	10	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	25	0	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,905	3,750	4,155
In the labour force	4,375	2,295	2,080
Employed	3,970	2,095	1,875
Unemployed	410	200	210
Not in the labour force	3,525	1,455	2,070
Participation rate	55.3	61.2	50.1
Employment rate	50.2	55.9	45.1
Unemployment rate	9.4	8.7	10.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,900	3,745	4,155
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,445	1,430	2,010
Worked	4,460	2,315	2,140
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,485	1,380	1,105
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,975	935	1,040
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.6	41.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,380	2,290	2,085
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	40	20
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,320	2,250	2,065
Employee	3,810	1,990	1,815
Permanent position	3,280	1,730	1,555
Temporary position	530	260	265
Fixed term (1 year or more)	140	55	85
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	390	210	175
Self-employed¹⁹²	505	265	245
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,380	2,290	2,085
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	40	20
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,320	2,250	2,065
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	45	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	675	225	450
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	370	285	85
3 Health occupations	395	40	355
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	565	170	395
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	85	35	50
6 Sales and service occupations	1,075	475	600
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	800	775	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	105	85	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	205	130	80
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,380	2,290	2,085
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	40	20
All industries¹⁹¹	4,320	2,250	2,065
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	10	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0
22 Utilities	50	30	20
23 Construction	515	490	30
31-33 Manufacturing	335	195	140
41 Wholesale trade	95	65	30
44-45 Retail trade	565	270	290
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	110	105	10
51 Information and cultural industries	40	25	10
52 Finance and insurance	110	45	65
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60	30	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	375	200	175
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	230	130	95
61 Educational services	265	60	210
62 Health care and social assistance	595	85	505
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	75	40	35
72 Accommodation and food services	215	100	120
81 Other services (except public administration)	200	100	105
91 Public administration	420	225	195
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,760	2,440	2,315
English	4,480	2,295	2,180
French	25	0	20
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	225	120	105
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,760	2,440	2,315
Single responses	4,720	2,415	2,300
Official languages	4,720	2,415	2,300
English	4,690	2,405	2,280
French	30	0	25
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	25	15
English and French	40	25	15
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,760	2,440	2,315
None	4,540	2,325	2,215
English	0	0	0
French	180	95	85
Non-official language	25	15	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,970	2,095	1,880
Worked at home	840	380	455
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	630	485	150
Usual place of work	2,495	1,220	1,270
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,495	1,220	1,275
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,240	580	665
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	190	80	110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,040	545	500
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,125	1,705	1,420
Car, truck or van	2,735	1,530	1,210
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,545	1,430	1,115
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	190	95	95
Public transit	10	0	10
Walked	280	125	155
Bicycle	35	25	10
Other method	60	20	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,125	1,705	1,420
Less than 15 minutes	1,210	580	635
15 to 29 minutes	485	260	225
30 to 44 minutes	705	390	315
45 to 59 minutes	470	300	170
60 minutes and over	250	170	75
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,125	1,705	1,420
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	340	270	75
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	765	505	260
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	820	405	415
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	475	175	305
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	330	170	160
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	390	185	210
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,805	925	880
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	255	130	125
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,550	795	755
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,300	695	610
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	170	105	75
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	30	25
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	70	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,130	590	540

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 26, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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