Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Hanover, Rural municipality (RM)More information: Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	17,216
Population, 2016¹	15,540^r
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	10.8
Total private dwellings²	5,305
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,141
Population density per square kilometre	23.6
Land area in square kilometres	730.44
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	17,215
0 to 14 years	5,010
0 to 4 years	1,615
5 to 9 years	1,745
10 to 14 years	1,655
15 to 64 years	10,705
15 to 19 years	1,405
20 to 24 years	1,225
25 to 29 years	1,260
30 to 34 years	1,185
35 to 39 years	1,045
40 to 44 years	1,040
45 to 49 years	950
50 to 54 years	935
55 to 59 years	860
60 to 64 years	795
65 years and over	1,500
65 to 69 years	555
70 to 74 years	385
75 to 79 years	255
80 to 84 years	155
85 years and over	150
85 to 89 years	85
90 to 94 years	50
95 to 99 years	15
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	29.1
15 to 64 years	62.2
65 years and over	8.7
85 years and over	0.9
Average age of the population	32.0
Median age of the population	28.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,140
Single-detached house	4,335
Semi-detached house	265
Row house	155
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	225
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0
Other single-attached house	5
Movable dwelling⁴	125
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,140
1 person	690
2 persons	1,550
3 persons	800
4 persons	870
5 or more persons	1,235
Number of persons in private households	17,130
Average household size	3.3
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,205
Married or living common-law	8,215
Married	7,690
Living common-law	530
Living common law - Never married	395
Living common law - Separated	25
Living common law - Divorced	95
Living common law - Widowed	15
Not married and not living common-law	3,990
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,180
Not married and not living common law - Separated	190
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	295
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	325
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,405
2 persons	1,625
3 persons	800
4 persons	865
5 or more persons	1,115
Average size of census families	3.6
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.5
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,405
Total couple families	4,080
Married couples	3,810
With children⁶	2,470
Without children	1,340
Common-law couples	265
With children⁶	125
Without children	140
Total one-parent families	325
in which the parent is a woman+	235
in which the parent is a man+	90
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	17,130
Total - Persons in census families	15,805
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,160
Parents in one-parent families	325
Children⁶	7,320
In a two-parent family	6,685
In a one-parent family	640
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,330
Living alone	690
Living with other relatives⁷	395
Living with non-relatives only	245
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,140
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,025
Couple-family households	3,760
With children⁶	2,410
Without children	1,350
One-parent-family households	265
Multigenerational households⁸	75
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	210
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	115
One-person households	695
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	12,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,565
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,610
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,465
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,360
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,210
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,215
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,970
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	12,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,540
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,565
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,475
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,360
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,090
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,540
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,195
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,950
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,110
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,170
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	12,125
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,875
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,485
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	12,120
Without total income	550
With total income	11,570
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,270
$10,000 to $19,999	1,745
$20,000 to $29,999	1,790
$30,000 to $39,999	1,555
$40,000 to $49,999	1,435
$50,000 to $59,999	1,020
$60,000 to $69,999	850
$70,000 to $79,999	590
$80,000 to $89,999	430
$90,000 to $99,999	305
$100,000 and over	580
$100,000 to $149,999	465
$150,000 and over	110
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	12,120
Without after-tax income	510
With after-tax income	11,610
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,345
$10,000 to $19,999	1,865
$20,000 to $29,999	2,095
$30,000 to $39,999	1,910
$40,000 to $49,999	1,465
$50,000 to $59,999	1,145
$60,000 to $69,999	770
$70,000 to $79,999	465
$80,000 to $89,999	215
$90,000 to $99,999	130
$100,000 and over	205
$100,000 to $124,999	120
$125,000 and over	80
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	12,120
Without employment income	2,760
With employment income	9,365
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,080
$5,000 to $9,999	695
$10,000 to $19,999	1,415
$20,000 to $29,999	1,090
$30,000 to $39,999	1,120
$40,000 to $49,999	1,030
$50,000 to $59,999	760
$60,000 to $69,999	655
$70,000 to $79,999	440
$80,000 to $89,999	360
$90,000 to $99,999	250
$100,000 and over	455
$100,000 to $124,999	285
$125,000 and over	170
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	12,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,155
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,160
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,190
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,115
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,520
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,075
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	12,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,060
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,060
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,070
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,015
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,480
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,540
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,135
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	12,125
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,800
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	50,840
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,055
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	86.2
Employment income (%)	78.0
Government transfers (%)	13.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,140
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	695
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,450
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,140
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,200
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,600
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	690
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,500
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,900
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,450
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,500
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,900
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,140
Under $5,000	40
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	45
$15,000 to $19,999	60
$20,000 to $24,999	145
$25,000 to $29,999	105
$30,000 to $34,999	120
$35,000 to $39,999	155
$40,000 to $44,999	185
$45,000 to $49,999	170
$50,000 to $59,999	320
$60,000 to $69,999	415
$70,000 to $79,999	440
$80,000 to $89,999	440
$90,000 to $99,999	430
$100,000 and over	2,050
$100,000 to $124,999	840
$125,000 to $149,999	475
$150,000 to $199,999	470
$200,000 and over	255
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,140
Under $5,000	45
$5,000 to $9,999	25
$10,000 to $14,999	45
$15,000 to $19,999	70
$20,000 to $24,999	150
$25,000 to $29,999	110
$30,000 to $34,999	150
$35,000 to $39,999	200
$40,000 to $44,999	200
$45,000 to $49,999	195
$50,000 to $59,999	435
$60,000 to $69,999	575
$70,000 to $79,999	555
$80,000 to $89,999	545
$90,000 to $99,999	420
$100,000 and over	1,420
$100,000 to $124,999	690
$125,000 to $149,999	375
$150,000 and over	355
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,395
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000
Average family size of economic families	3.7
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,385
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,605
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.7
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	305
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,600
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.1
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	935
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,400
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,200
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,600
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,375
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,400
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,700
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,605
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,700
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,500
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	305
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	910
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,100
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,700
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	17,135
0 to 17 years	5,885
0 to 5 years	1,985
18 to 64 years	9,830
65 years and over	1,420
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,210
0 to 17 years	885
0 to 5 years	390
18 to 64 years	1,005
65 years and over	320
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	15.0
0 to 5 years (%)	19.9
18 to 64 years (%)	10.2
65 years and over (%)	22.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	17,130
0 to 17 years	5,885
0 to 5 years	1,980
18 to 64 years	9,825
65 years and over	1,420
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	445
0 to 17 years	165
0 to 5 years	60
18 to 64 years	245
65 years and over	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6
0 to 17 years (%)	2.9
0 to 5 years (%)	2.9
18 to 64 years (%)	2.5
65 years and over (%)	2.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	17,135
In bottom half of the distribution	11,860
In bottom decile	1,655
In second decile	2,800
In third decile	2,955
In fourth decile	2,550
In fifth decile	1,900
In top half of the distribution	5,270
In sixth decile	1,520
In seventh decile	1,335
In eighth decile	1,105
In ninth decile	855
In top decile	455
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	17,130
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.279
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.372
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.248
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	17,180
English only	16,080
French only	10
English and French	690
Neither English nor French	395
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	17,180
English	16,490
French	260
English and French	35
Neither English nor French	395
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	17,180
Single responses	16,625
Official languages	10,935
English	10,675
French	255
Non-official languages	5,690
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,690
Afro-Asiatic languages	20
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	20
Amharic	0
Arabic	25
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	80
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	5
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	10
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	5,525
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	435
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	435
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	15
Russian	350
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	5
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	4,990
Frisian	5
High German languages	3,220
German	3,210
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	15
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	1,750
Afrikaans	5
Dutch	40
Low German, n.o.s.	350
Low Saxon	35
Plautdietsch	1,320
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	5
Danish	0
Icelandic	5
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	5
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	20
Romanian	0
Spanish	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	5
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	10
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	5
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	10
Hakka	0
Mandarin	10
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5
Lao	5
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	10
Estonian	0
Finnish	5
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	555
English and French	75
English and non-official language(s)	390
French and non-official language(s)	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5
Multiple non-official languages	80
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	17,180
English	12,215
French	75
Non-official language	1,305
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	1,305
English and French	170
English and non-official language(s)	3,160
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25
Multiple non-official languages	220
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	17,180
Single responses	16,570
Official languages	13,940
English	13,820
French	115
Non-official languages	2,630
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,630
Afro-Asiatic languages	10
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	10
Amharic	0
Arabic	10
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	40
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	5
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	2,560
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	175
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	175
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	5
Russian	160
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	2,335
Frisian	0
High German languages	1,795
German	1,790
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	5
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	535
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	5
Low German, n.o.s.	155
Low Saxon	5
Plautdietsch	365
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	10
Romanian	0
Spanish	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	10
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	605
English and French	30
English and non-official language(s)	560
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	15
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	17,175
None	14,105
English	955
French	105
Non-official language	1,640
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	1,640
English and French	5
English and non-official language(s)	200
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	150
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	17,130
Official languages	16,740
English	16,725
French	780
Non-official languages	6,630
Indigenous languages³⁹	15
Algonquian languages	10
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,615
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	190
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	15
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	180
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	6,240
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	630
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	630
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	30
Russian	550
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	5,975
Frisian	0
High German languages	4,325
German	4,320
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	10
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	2,190
Afrikaans	20
Dutch	50
Low German, n.o.s.	530
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	1,615
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	25
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	10
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	380
Catalan	0
Italian	20
Portuguese	25
Romanian	0
Spanish	355
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	50
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	25
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	40
American Sign Language	35
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55
Chinese languages	55
Hakka	0
Mandarin	50
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,130
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,410
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,370
First Nations (North American Indian)	390
Métis	975
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35
Non-Indigenous identity	15,720
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,130
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	275
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,855
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,140
Owner	4,345
Renter	795
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,140
Condominium	230
Not condominium	4,910
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,140
No bedrooms	0
1 bedroom	220
2 bedrooms	790
3 bedrooms	1,690
4 or more bedrooms	2,435
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,140
1 to 4 rooms	705
5 rooms	765
6 rooms	780
7 rooms	760
8 or more rooms	2,135
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,140
One person or fewer per room	4,975
More than one person per room	165
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,140
Suitable	4,910
Not suitable	235
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,140
1960 or before	585
1961 to 1980	1,145
1981 to 1990	535
1991 to 2000	650
2001 to 2005	335
2006 to 2010	565
2011 to 2015	690
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	640
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,140
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,935
Major repairs needed	210
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,140
One-maintainer household	2,135
Two-maintainer household	2,785
Three-or-more-maintainer household	220
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,140
15 to 24 years	190
25 to 34 years	1,090
35 to 44 years	1,070
45 to 54 years	1,015
55 to 64 years	930
65 to 74 years	525
75 to 84 years	260
85 years and over	60
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	4,890
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,115
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	775
30% to less than 100%	710
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,140
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,160
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	725
Not suitable only	210
Major repairs needed only	175
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	30
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	3,975
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	4,825
In core need	220
Not in core need	4,605
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,115
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	76.3
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	13.3
% in core housing need⁶³	3.2
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,340
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,302
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	320,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	339,600
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	790
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.9
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.5
% in core housing need⁶³	12.4
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,064
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	17,135
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	435
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	420
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	200
Métis single ancestry	225
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	995
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	965
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	345
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	615
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	15,710
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	17,135
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	15,470
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,640
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,830
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,665
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	17,135
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	13,730
Immigrants⁸¹	3,295
Before 1980	275
1980 to 1990	180
1991 to 2000	305
2001 to 2010	1,920
2011 to 2021⁸²	610
2011 to 2015	260
2016 to 2021	345
Non-permanent residents⁸³	110
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,290
Under 5 years	720
5 to 14 years	975
15 to 24 years	555
25 to 44 years	870
45 years and over	170
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,290
Americas	1,125
Brazil	15
Colombia	10
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	335
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	80
Other places of birth in Americas	645
Europe	1,510
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	0
Germany	985
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	0
Netherlands	20
Poland	0
Portugal	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	400
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65
Other places of birth in Europe	30
Africa	85
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	15
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	20
Other places of birth in Africa	25
Asia	525
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Taiwan	0
Philippines	180
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	310
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	45
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	350
Americas	100
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	40
United States of America	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40
Europe	100
France	0
Germany	75
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	15
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	15
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0
Asia	85
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	45
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10
Oceania and other⁹³	45
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	17,130
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,860
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,795
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,480
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,015
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,280
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	450
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,830
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	595
Refugees¹⁰⁸	130
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,015
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	235
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	55
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,575
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	17,130
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	810
South Asian	65
Chinese	45
Black	220
Filipino	240
Arab	45
Latin American	95
Southeast Asian	25
West Asian	0
Korean	0
Japanese	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0
Multiple visible minorities	20
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	16,325
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	17,135
Canadian	2,460
English	1,165
Irish	835
Scottish	965
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,140
German	5,415
Chinese	35
Italian	115
Indian (India)	50
Ukrainian	1,125
Dutch	715
Polish	490
Québécois	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	245
Filipino	215
French Canadian	75
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	410
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	245
Métis	875
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	340
Russian	2,430
Norwegian	105
Welsh	40
Portuguese	20
American	75
Spanish	60
Swedish	110
Hungarian	80
Acadian	20
Pakistani	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	45
Jewish	0
Punjabi	0
Vietnamese	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	10
Jamaican	50
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	75
Korean	0
Romanian	20
Lebanese	0
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	220
Danish	45
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	110
Sikh	0
Austrian	130
Belgian	110
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	445
Mennonite	4,625
Swiss	50
Finnish	0
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	0
Japanese	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	85
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30
Tamil	0
Icelandic	85
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	60
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10
Serbian	0
Ojibway	70
Newfoundlander	0
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	0
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	25
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	30
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	0
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	45
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	25
South African	35
Australian	0
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	0
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	0
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	0
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	0
Bengali	0
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	20
Laotian	0
Ilocano	0
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0
British Columbian	0
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	0
Kurdish	0
Fijian	0
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	0
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	35
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	120
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	10
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	10
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	550
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	17,130
Buddhist	0
Christian	13,940
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	8,310
Anabaptist	1,745
Anglican	60
Baptist	280
Catholic	795
Christian Orthodox	60
Jehovah's Witness	0
Latter Day Saints	25
Lutheran	385
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	620
Presbyterian	25
Reformed	0
United Church	230
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,390
Hindu	0
Jewish	0
Muslim	105
Sikh	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85
No religion and secular perspectives	2,985
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	16,800
Non-movers	15,180
Movers	1,615
Non-migrants	660
Migrants	960
Internal migrants	890
Intraprovincial migrants	795
Interprovincial migrants	95
External migrants	65
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	15,525
Non-movers	10,145
Movers	5,375
Non-migrants	1,650
Migrants	3,725
Internal migrants	3,310
Intraprovincial migrants	2,980
Interprovincial migrants	335
External migrants	410
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,125
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,895
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,225
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,070
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,030
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,045
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,120
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,575
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,210
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,065
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	985
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	440
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	545
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,835
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	245
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,145
Bachelor's degree	945
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15
Master's degree	115
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,075
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,840
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,390
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,445
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	785
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	310
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	470
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	195
Bachelor's degree or higher	945
Bachelor's degree	785
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15
Master's degree	85
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,915
Education	405
13. Education	405
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70
Humanities	330
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75
39. Theology and religious vocations	190
54. History	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	290
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95
22. Legal professions and studies	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	45
45. Social sciences	80
Business, management and public administration	670
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	620
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	955
04. Architecture and related services	15
14. Engineering	60
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	330
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265
48. Precision production	150
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	235
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	225
03. Natural resources and conservation	10
Health and related fields	840
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	825
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	280
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	90
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,685
Education	315
13. Education	315
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55
Humanities	235
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	115
54. History	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	230
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70
22. Legal professions and studies	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	40
45. Social sciences	55
Business, management and public administration	575
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	535
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	795
04. Architecture and related services	15
14. Engineering	55
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	120
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	275
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	200
48. Precision production	125
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	195
03. Natural resources and conservation	10
Health and related fields	660
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	650
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	210
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	75
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,685
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,390
Location of study inside Canada	2,900
Same as province or territory of residence	2,560
Different than province or territory of residence	340
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	490
Americas	100
United States of America	35
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	45
Europe	280
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	200
Netherlands	10
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	40
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0
Africa	0
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	105
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Philippines	95
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	0
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	0
Australia	0
New Zealand	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	12,120
In the labour force	8,485
Employed	8,055
Unemployed	430
Not in the labour force	3,635
Participation rate	70.0
Employment rate	66.5
Unemployment rate	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	12,120
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,485
Worked	8,640
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,990
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,645
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,490
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,395
Employee	6,775
Permanent position	5,860
Temporary position	920
Fixed term (1 year or more)	240
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	675
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,615
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,490
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,395
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	60
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,100
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	275
3 Health occupations	430
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	765
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145
6 Sales and service occupations	1,540
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,650
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	910
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	515
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,490
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	95
All industries¹⁹¹	8,395
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,040
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35
22 Utilities	40
23 Construction	1,510
31-33 Manufacturing	855
41 Wholesale trade	195
44-45 Retail trade	870
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	670
51 Information and cultural industries	65
52 Finance and insurance	150
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	100
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	235
61 Educational services	595
62 Health care and social assistance	785
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35
72 Accommodation and food services	265
81 Other services (except public administration)	470
91 Public administration	220
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,100
English	8,490
French	20
Non-official language	65
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	65
English and French	115
English and non-official language(s)	415
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,100
Single responses	9,020
Official languages	8,890
English	8,845
French	45
Non-official languages	130
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	130
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	125
Frisian	0
High German languages	80
German	80
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	25
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	80
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	75
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,100
None	8,640
English	85
French	85
Non-official language	255
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	255
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,055
Worked at home	1,090
Worked outside Canada	30
No fixed workplace address	1,810
Usual place of work	5,125
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,125
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,490
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,830
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	775
Commute to a different province or territory	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,935
Car, truck or van	6,505
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,060
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	440
Public transit	20
Walked	205
Bicycle	35
Other method	165
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,935
Less than 15 minutes	2,665
15 to 29 minutes	2,260
30 to 44 minutes	810
45 to 59 minutes	585
60 minutes and over	615
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,935
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	515
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,585
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,040
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,280
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	600
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	915
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,975
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	325
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,655
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,225
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	245
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	120
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	120
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,980

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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